FINAL YEAR PROJECT 1 PROPOSAL

University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Semester 1 – Session 2019/2020

Title Adaptive Distance Relaying Scheme for Test System Integrated with EVs
Name Mohamad Irfan Bin Mohd Suhimee
Matric no. AE160045
Supervisor Dr. Nor Zulaily Binti Mohamad
1) Prof. Madya Ts. Dr. Kok Boon Ching
Panels
2) Prof. Madya Ir. Dirman Hanafi

BACKGROUND STUDY

In order to minimize the necessity on fossil fuel resources and reducing the harmful gases that cause
environmental pollution and global warming, electric vehicles (EV) are one of the solutions to solve
the problems [1]. Based on article from previous studies, the main focus of an EV technologies system
are the electric machine, drive systems, batteries, fuel cells and onboard renewable energy. Electric
vehicle can be categories to hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), plug-in HEV(PHEV), range-extended EV
(REV), battery EV (BEV) and fuel-cell EV (FEV) [2]. Certainly, only PHEV, REV and BEV can be
powered directly from power grid and able to feed the electricity back to grid [2]. Integration of the
electric vehicle with charging and discharging mode in grid also known as is called vehicle-to-grid
(V2G) technology.

Apparently, this emerging technology have negative impacts on the power system. The main concern
is V2G technology will affect the increasing of harmonic content and voltage distortion in short affect
the whole system connected to it [5][6][7][8][9]. These means this technology also will affect the
protection coordination of protective devices in the grid. To be precise, this research is focusing on
adjusting the tripping relay characteristic based on changes in current and voltage behaviour due to grid-
able EV (GEV).

PROBLEM STATEMENT

After all, via the bidirectional charger, grid-able EVs (GEV) capable to take the energy and giving back
to the grid [2]. This system actually will increase the rate of short circuit as well as changing the
direction of fault current in grid. Furthermore, it will disturb the functionality and selectivity of the
protection coordination relay installed in the system [4]. In addition, it also will generate false tripping
and unintended islanding in the transmission line. Thus, this research is proposing an adaptive distance
relaying scheme to overcome the issues.
OBJECTIVE

The statements below are the objectives of this research:

1. To analyse the behaviour of current and voltage based on test system integrated with EV using
PSCAD software.
2. To develop an adaptive distance relaying scheme for test system integrated with EV using
MATLAB software.

SCOPE

The scopes of the research are:

1. Model an IEEE 9 bus system integrated with EVs using PSCAD software.
2. Analyse the behaviour of current and voltage based on evaluating the test system with different
fault condition.
3. Analyse characteristic of distance relaying scheme particularly on R-X diagram tripping
characteristic for test system integrated with EV.
4. Developing a new algorithm for adjusting the R-X diagram tripping characteristics for correct
relay operation.

METHODOLOGY

start

Literature review on EVs technology and distance relay characteristic

Modelling IEE 9 bus system with and without integrated with EVs using PSCAD software

Evaluate test system with different fault condition and monitor the voltage and current behaviour

Obtain R and X parameter based on voltage and current

Plotting the obtain value of R and X on R-X diagram tripping characteristic

No
Develop an adaptive distance relaying
scheme based on R-X diagram for relay
operation for distance relay
 Yes

Result, data collection and analysis

Report writing

End

EXPECTED RESULT

At the end of this project, there are several things that need to be achieve such as:

1. From the PSCAD software simulation, it is expected that the behaviour of voltage and current
will influence the operation of relay causing false relay tripping operation.
2. Data from PSCAD software of voltage and current will be used to plot the value of R and X on
R-X diagram tripping characteristic in MATLAB software. It is expected that, a new setting of
R-X diagram tripping characteristic can be develop in order to prevent false relay tripping.

REFERENCE

[1] H. Jain, K. Kumaraswamy and R. N. Maurya, "Plug-In Electric Vehicles Distribution system
impacts and high-level screening methodologies for calculating costs and benefits," ISGT
2014, Washington, DC, 2014, pp.1-5.

[2] Liu, C., Chau, K. T., Wu, D., & Gao, S. (2013). Opportunities and challenges of vehicle-to-
home, vehicle-to-vehicle, and vehicle-to-grid technologies. Proceedings of the IEEE, 101(11),
2409-2427.
[3] V.T.Arioli,”Analysis of Technical Impacts Caused by Massive Penetration of Electric
Vehicles in Electric Power Distribution Networks”, Dept. of Systems and Energy,
UNICAMP, 2016

[4] El Naily, N., Saad, S. M., Elhaffar, A., Hussein, T., & Mohamed, F. A. (2017, March).
Mitigating the impact of Distributed Generator on medium Distribution Network by adaptive
protection scheme. In 2017 8th International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC) (pp. 1-6).
IEEE.
[5] Kütt, L.; Saarijärvi, E.; Lehtonen, M.; Mõlder, H.; Niitsoo, J. A review of the harmonic and
unbalance effects in electrical distribution networks due to EV charging. In Proceedings of
the 2013 12th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC),
Wroclaw, Poland, 5–8 May 2013
[6] Ammous, M., Khater, M., & AlMuhaini, M. (2017, May). Impact of vehicle-to-grid
technology on the reliability of distribution systems. In 2017 9th IEEE-GCC Conference and
Exhibition (GCCCE) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
[7] Pinto, D. R., Arioli, V. T., Hax, G. R., Taniguchi, F. K., Torquato, R., Teixeira, W. W., &
Eduardo, P. L. (2018, May). Field investigation of the power quality impact of electric
vehicles in secondary residential systems. In 2018 18th International Conference on
Harmonics and Quality of Power (ICHQP) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
[8] Karmaker, A. K., Roy, S., & Ahmed, M. R. (2019, February). Analysis of the Impact of
Electric Vehicle Charging Station on Power Quality Issues. In 2019 International Conference
on Electrical, Computer and Communication Engineering (ECCE) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
[9] Zhou, X., Zou, L., Ma, Y., & Gao, Z. (2017, May). Research on impacts of the electric
vehicles charging and discharging on power grid. In 2017 29th Chinese Control And Decision
Conference (CCDC) (pp. 1398-1402). IEEE.
APPENDIX
Gant Chart for PSM 1

No Semester 1 – Session 2019/2020

Project Activities
W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 W9 W10 W11 W12 W13 W14

1 Meeting with supervisor

Discussion of project title, objective problem statement

2
and project scope

3 Proposal writing

4 Submit and present the proposal PSM1

5 Literature Review

Model an IEEE 9 bus system integrated with EVs using

6
PSCAD

Analyse characteristic of distance relaying scheme

7
particularly on R-X diagram tripping characteristic

8 Draft report progress and submission

9 Submission of final report to sv and panels

10 PSM 1 presentation seminar