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Se recomienda usar el volumen total del ámpula del fármaco, ya que las fracciones en décimas de
ml tienen mayor margen de error; y aforar a 50 ml de SG5%, pues existen bombas de infusión con
jeringa de 50 ml, las que en su purgado pierden menos volumen (1.2 ml); las bombas de frasco/bolsa
también se aforan a 50 ml, para tener un volumen estandar, pero estás se purgan con un mayor
volumen (24 ml). El volumen estandar puede variar según protocolo de cada institución. La indicación
queda: UN AMPULA AFORADA A 50 ML DE SG5%, excepto en el caso de la Norepinefrina, donde
la PRESENTACION ámpula es de 4mg/4ml, y la CONCENTRACION vía central es de 64
microgramos/ml, por lo que debe ser AFORADO A 100 ML DE SG5% (40 microgramos/ml) y al
infundir vía periférica es de 16 microgramos/ml, así que se AFORA A 250 ML DE SG5% (16
microgramos/ml).
Donde el resultado es por cada 1 ml administrado, de tal forma que si se pasan 4 ml/hr, habrá que
multiplicarlo por los 4 ml. Los 60 minutos son por la infusion de la bomba, la cual pasa por hr, osea
durante 60 minutos, no entre todos los minutos del día (1440).
Cuando dividimos (Fármaco en microgramos) entre (Volumen total aforado) podemos verificar el
rango de CONCENTRACION del medicamento.
VOLUMEN MINIMO DE INFUSIÓN: hace referencia a la cantidad de solución con medicamento que
es necesario administrar para que tenga efecto cardiovascular, es decir, con cuanto volumen de la
droga vasoactiva infundida se está seguro de que llegue al torrente sanguíneo, pues ésta no actúa
a través del cáteter (periférico o central), siendo periférico menor volumen necesario y central mayor
requerido. En cada cubierta del catéter se encuentra la leyenda de los lúmenes, longitud, diámetro
interno (Fr) y de volumen mínimo para ¨purgar¨el catéter según el lúmen a usar; siendo el menor de
1.2 ml; de lo que se desprende, que si indico una droga vasoactiva a velocidad de 1 ml/hr IV, se
tardará aproximadamente 60 minutos en llegar al torrente sanguíneo. Para acortar este tiempo de
efecto, se han empleado soluciones llamadas ¨barredoras¨, las cuales, de usarse deben ser
compatibles con la droga en cuestión, y no suspenderse de forma brusca (ya no empuja), ésta será
gradual y la primera infusión en descartar, para posteriormente modificar el resto de drogas
vasoactivas. El volumen de la ¨barredora¨deberá ser restado de los líquidos de mantenimiento.
Example #1: Your 65 kg patient has dopamine ordered at 6 mcg/kg/min. The IV has 400 mg of
dopamine in 250 mL. What IV rate is correct?
Drug concentration
• If the drug is not weight based, simply exclude the weight from the equation.
Example #2: Your patient has a nitroprusside drip at 0.4 mcg/kg/min. The concentration is 50 mg
nitroprusside in 250 mL fluid. The patient weighs 80 kg. What rate will you set the IV at?
Drug concentration
Example #3: Lidocaine is ordered a 1 mg/min. Your IV has 2 grams of Lidocaine in 500 mL. What
rate will your IV run at?
Drug concentration
= 15 mL/hour
Example #4: What if you have the rate and need to calculate the dose:
Your 70 kg patient has dopamine (400 mg in 250 mL) running at 26 mL/hour. How many mcg/kg/min
is the patient receiving?
Use your streamlined equation, but you will have an “X” to solve for
1. Your patient has dobutamine ordered at 15 mcg/kg/min. the patient weighs 75 kg. The 250 mL IV
bag has 500 mg of dobutamine in it. You will run this at what rate?
2. The order reads amiodarone 0.5 mg/min. You have 450 mg amiodarone in 250 mL fluid. What rate
will you run your IV at?
= 3.6 ml/hour
4. Your patient has a dobutamine IV drip running. The IV rate is 30 mL/hour. The IV bag has 500 mg
of dobutamine in 250 mL of fluid. Your patient weighs 65 kg. How many mcg/kg/min is your patient
receiving?
5. Your patient is on a heparin drip with 20,000 units in a 250 mL bag of fluid. The order is to deliver
heparin at 750 units per hour. What rate will you set for your IV? (HINT: Since the rate is per hour,
you will not have to multiply by 60 minutes!)
6. Your patient has diltiazem ordered at 2 mg/hour. Your IV bag has 125 mg of medication in 500 mL.
What rate will you set for your IV? (HINT: Since the rate is per hour, you will not have to multiply by
60 minutes!)
= 8 mL/hour
7. Your patient has vasopressin ordered at a rate of 0.2 units/min. Your IV bag has 200 units of
vasopressin in a 500 mL bag. What rate will you set for your IV?
= 30 mL/hour
8. Your esmolol drip is running at 15 mL/hour. Your patient weighs 65 kg. The IV contains 2500 mg
esmolol in 250 mL fluid. Your IV is running at how many mcg/kg/min?
= 38.5 mcg/kg/min
9. You have an order to run dopamine at 15 mcg/kg/min. Your IV bag has 500 mg dopamine in 500
mL. Your patient weighs 50 kg. What rate will you set for your IV?
= 45 mL/hour
10. You have an order to run nitroglycerine at 16 mcg/min. You have a solution of 50 mg of
nitroglycerine in 250 mL fluid. What rate will you set for your IV?
Drip concentrations
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