Air Conditioning

Systems & Mechanical

Ventilation
(Supplementary Notes) – Part 2
Prepared
by
Harry Woon
The Copyright of this document belongs to BCA. No part of this document may be used, disclosed, transferred, reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying recording or
otherwise to any person not authorized to use it without the express written permission of BCA
1
Part A
Air-conditioning &
Mechanical Systems
2
DX AIR CONDITIONING UNIT
SPLIT SYSTEM
3
DX Key Components
4
DX Key Components
Direct Expansion Valve Direct Expansion Cooling Coil
5
Vapour Compression System
Schematic
Low High
Pressure Pressure
Outdoor Hot
Air
Air
6
Detail Schematic
7
CHILLED WATER SYSTEM
8
ACMV/HVAC Systems
http://www.hvac-equipment-sales.com/images/HVAC-equipment.jpg
Air Duct System
http://www.knaufinsulation.ee/heating-ventilation-air-conditioning-hvac
9
Pipe Insulation – a high quality pre-formed pipe
insulation product, which is made from shot-free
non-combustible glasswool. It has a factory-applied
bright Class ‘O’ facing with a self-adhesive overlap.
Duct Roll – a strong, flexible roll of shot-free, non-
combustible glasswool with a bright Class ‘O’
aluminium foil facing on one side.
Duct Slab – a strong, semi-rigid insulation slab of
shot-free, noncombustible glasswool, faced on one
side with a bright Class ‘O’ reinforced aluminium
foil.
10
Chilled Water Piping System
11
Water Cooled Chiller System
12
http://www.hoopercorp.com/uploads/media/mech_hvac.jpg
AHU Systems
Reference:
http://product-
image.tradeindia.com/00167630/b/0/Insul
ations-for-Air-Handling-unit-AHU-.jpg
Reference:
http://www.iricon.de/img/ahu_b.jpg
13
Packaged Roof Top Unit
14
http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=business.EPA_BUM_CH9_HVAC
Types of Cooling Tower Fans
15
16
Cooling Towers
http://www.targetequipments.com/images/dry_c
ooling_towers_01.jpg
http://image.made-in-
china.com/2f0j00mCsabiZgEtoq/Counter-Flow-Type-
Cooling-Tower.jpg
17
Cooling Towers
http://www.hycoolindia.com/images/Cooling-Tower.jpg http://www.harrisoncoolingtower.com/images/frp_
circle_cooling_tower_2.gif
18
19
20
 Air Cooled Chilled Water System
HEAT
HEAT
Ambient Air
21
22
Packaged Roof Top Unit
23
http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=business.EPA_BUM_CH9_HVAC
Air Cooled Chiller/Heat Pump With
Modular Design
http://www.daikin-
ce.com/binaries/In
dustrial%20-
%20Chillers_tcm4
1-122740.gif
http://www.hvac
http://upload.ecvv.com/
portablesystems
upload/Product/20109/
.com/images/11
China_Air_Cooled_Wa
0%20aqua%20a
ter_Chiller2010927101
ir%20chill.jpg 24
5578.jpg
Water Cooled Chilled Water System
Heat
Ambient
25
Water Cooled Chillers
26
Water Cooled Chillers
Daikin Single Screw
Compressor
360kW to 1.1MW
R-134a Refrigerant
http://www.daikin.se/binari
es/Water%20cooled%20c
hiller_tcm169-41785.jpg
http://i00.i.aliimg.com/photo/v0/1198864
0/York_Water_Cooled_Water_Chiller_S
crew_Type.jpg
27
Water Cooled Chillers

Heat exchangers (Shell Tube)

Evaporator

Condenser
28
Water Cooled Chillers
Reference
http://heatexchanger-design.com/wp-
content/uploads/2011/06/heat-exchanger.jpg
Water Cooled Chillers
 CAV system – All Air System
31
VAV System – All Air System
A VAV System with Terminal Reheat is a combination of VAV with reheat.
It results in an energy efficient system, yet provides good humidity control even at very low
loads.
Supply air volume can be reduced to a minimum between 50-60%.
If the sensible load falls further, a reheat coil in the VAV terminal unit is activated to control
32
humidity.
VAV Terminal Unit
Reference 33
http://img.archiexpo.com/images_ae/photo-g/induction-air-volume-regulators-204757.jpg
FCU System – All Water System
34
Typical Fan Coil Unit
Installation In A Hotel Room
Reference: 35
http://alfasystems.tradeindia.com/fan-coil-unit-42ce--278961.html
http://www.peticleanair.com/hvac-mechanical-images/image008.jpg
36
Return Air Light Troffer Fixture
Reference:
http://relightdepot.com/fixtures/recesse
d-lighting/drop-ceiling-lay-in-and-
parabolic-fixtures/4-lamp-28w-t5-para-
high-performance-32c.html
Reference:
http://www.swhart.com.au/AirDiffPro.php?pdid=3345898 37
Activity 2
1. With the aid of diagrams, briefly describe the features of the following chilled
water air-conditioning systems:
(a) Air-cooled Chilled Water System;
(b) Water-cooled (with cooling tower) Chilled Water System.
2. Briefly describe the four (4) processes involved in a Vapour Compression
Refrigeration System with the help of a fully labelled diagram. State the functions
of the four (4) components of a Vapour Compression Refrigeration System.
38
END
39