Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
ACCT5‐2019S3‐101
Assignment 04
Due Date: Week 11 at the beginning of class (2019‐Nov‐13 @ 5:30 pm)
Please note: This is an individual assignment, however please feel free to
discuss/share ideas with your assigned groups.
Evaluation and Weighting: 2% of Final Grade
Total Marks: 27 Marks
Cover Page
Student Name: Student Number:
Date:
Managerial Accounting I
ACCT5‐2019S3‐101 Assignment 04 Page 1 of 8
Part 1 – Multiple Choice (15 marks)
Circle the best answer below:
1) Expense A is a fixed cost; expense B is a variable cost. During the current year, the activity
level has increased but is still within the relevant range. In terms of cost per unit of activity,
you would expect which of the following statements to be true?
a) Expense A has remained unchanged.
b) Expense B has decreased.
c) Expense A has decreased.
d) Expense B has increased.
2) Which costs will change with a decrease in activity within the relevant range?
a) Total fixed costs and total variable costs.
b) Unit fixed cost and total variable costs.
c) Unit variable cost and unit fixed cost.
d) Unit fixed cost and total fixed costs.
3) Within the relevant range of activity, how will variable cost per unit behave?
a) It will increase in proportion with the level of activity.
b) It will remain constant.
c) It will vary inversely with the level of activity.
d) Its behaviour cannot be determined without additional information.
4) The linear equation Y = a + bX is often used to express cost formulas. Which of the following
representations in this equation is correct?
a) The b term represents variable cost per unit of activity.
b) The a term represents variable cost in total.
c) The X term represents total costs.
d) The Y term represents total fixed costs.
5) Which of the following is an example of a discretionary fixed cost?
a) Insurance.
b) Taxes on real estate.
c) Management training.
d) Amortization of buildings and equipment.
6) Which of the following best describes the contribution approach to the income statement?
a) It organizes costs on a functional basis.
b) It shows data based on the cost behavior aspect of fixed and variable.
c) It shows a contribution margin rather than an operating income figure at the bottom of
the statement.
d) It can be used only by manufacturing companies.
Managerial Accounting I
ACCT5‐2019S3‐101 Assignment 04 Page 2 of 8
7) Contribution margin is the excess of revenues over which of the following?
a) Cost of goods sold.
b) Manufacturing cost.
c) All direct costs.
d) All variable costs.
8) The following data pertain to activity and costs for two months. Assuming that these
activity levels are within the relevant range, what were the mixed costs for November?
October November
Activity level in units 5,000 10,000
Variable costs $10,000 ?
Fixed costs 30,000 ?
Mixed costs 20,000 ?
Total costs $60,000 $75,000
a) $20,000.
b) $25,000.
c) $35,000.
d) $40,000.
9) XYZ Company’s sales are $750,000 with operating profits of $130,000. If the contribution
margin ratio is 40%, what did the fixed costs amount to?
a) $370,000
b) $300,000
c) $270,000
d) $170,000
e) $130,000
10) Brasher Company manufactures and sells a single product that has a positive contribution
margin. If the selling price and variable expenses both decrease by 5% and fixed expenses
do not change, then what would be the effect on the contribution margin per unit and the
contribution margin ratio?
a) Contribution Margin per Unit – Decrease, Contribution Margin Ratio – Decrease
b) Contribution Margin per Unit – Decrease, Contribution Margin Ratio – No Change
c) Contribution Margin per Unit – No Change, Contribution Margin Ratio – Decrease
d) Contribution Margin per Unit – No Change, Contribution Margin Ratio – No Change
11) Once the break‐even point is reached, which of the following statements is true?
a) The total contribution margin changes from negative to positive.
b) Operating income will increase by the unit contribution margin for each additional item
sold.
c) Variable expenses will remain constant in total.
d) The contribution margin ratio begins to decrease.
Managerial Accounting I
ACCT5‐2019S3‐101 Assignment 04 Page 3 of 8
12) A company has sales of $87,500 at the break even point and fixed costs are $35,000.
Assuming cost behaviour does not change if sales increase by $20,000 how much will
operating income will increase by?
a) $20,000.00.
b) $12,000.00.
c) $8,000.00.
d) $4,000.00.
13) A company has provided the following data. If the dollar contribution margin per unit is
increased by 10%, total fixed cost is decreased by 20%, and all other factors remain the
same, what will the outcome be for operating income?
Sales 3,000 units
Sales Price $70 per unit
Variable Cost $50 per unit
Fixed Cost $25,000
a) Increase by $61,000.
b) Increase by $20,000.
c) Increase by $3,500.
d) Increase by $11,000.
14) The margin of safety in the Flaherty Company is $24,000. If the company's sales are
$120,000 and its variable expenses are $80,000, what must its fixed expenses be?
a) $8,000.
b) $32,000.
c) $24,000.
d) $16,000.
15) Gerber Company is planning to sell 200,000 units for $2.00 a unit and will just break even at
this level of sales. The contribution margin ratio is 25%. What are the company's fixed
expenses?
a) $100,000.
b) $160,000.
c) $200,000.
d) $300,000.
Managerial Accounting I
ACCT5‐2019S3‐101 Assignment 04 Page 4 of 8
Part 2 – Short Answer (12 marks)
Question 1 (3 marks)
Prescott Company’s total overhead costs at various levels of activity are presented below:
Total
Machine Overhead
Month Hours Cost
September 112,200 $ 708,076
October 85,400 $ 592,032
November 150,900 $ 875,647
December 156,000 $ 897,730
Assume that the overhead cost above consists of utilities, supervisory salaries, depreciation,
and maintenance. The breakdown of these costs at the 85,400‐machine‐hour level of activity in
October is as follows:
Utilities (variable) $ 196,420
Supervisory salaries
and depreciation (fixed) 178,000
Maintenance (mixed) 217,612
Total overhead cost $ 592,032
The company wants to break down the maintenance cost into its variable and fixed cost
elements.
Required:
A) Estimate how much of the $897,730 of overhead cost in December was maintenance
cost.
B) Using the high–low method, estimate a cost formula for maintenance.
C) What total overhead cost would you expect to be incurred at an activity level of 95,400
machine‐hours? Hint: Before you do so, express the company’s total overhead cost in
the form Y = a + bX.
Managerial Accounting I
ACCT5‐2019S3‐101 Assignment 04 Page 5 of 8
Question 2 (3 marks)
The following information has been assembled for Smooth Sailin’ Inc. a retailer of standup
paddle boards. For the quarter ended May 31:
Amount
1,024,000
Total sales revenue $
Selling price per surfboard $ 320
Variable selling expense per surfboard $ 40
Variable administrative expense per surfboard $ 10
Total fixed selling expense $ 220,000
Total fixed administrative expense $ 190,000
Merchandise inventory, beginning balance $ 92,000
Merchandise inventory, ending balance $ 112,000
Merchandise purchases $ 356,000
Required:
A) Prepare a traditional income statement for the quarter ended May 31.
B) Prepare a contribution format income statement for the quarter ended May 31.
C) What was the contribution toward fixed expenses and profits for each surfboard sold
during the quarter?
Managerial Accounting I
ACCT5‐2019S3‐101 Assignment 04 Page 6 of 8
Question 3 (3 marks)
The Central Valley Company is a merchandising firm that sells a single product. The company’s
revenues and expenses for the last three months are given below:
CENTRAL VALLEY COMPANY
Comparative Income Statement
for the Second Quarter
April May June
Sales in units 4,500 5,250 6,000
Sales revenue $630,000 $735,000 $840,000
Less: Cost #1 MC 143,000 161,750 180,500
Cost #2 VC 252,000 294,000 336,000
Cost #3 MC 56,000 63,500 71,000
Cost #4 FC 70,000 70,000 70,000
Cost #5 FC 9,000 9,000 9,000
Cost #6 FC 42,000 42,000 42,000
Total operating expenses 320,000 346,250 372,500
Operating income $ 58,000 $ 94,750 $131,500
Cost #1:
Cost Formula: Y = $30,500 + $25/unit * X
Cost #3:
Cost Formula: Y = $11,000 + $10/unit * X
Required:
A. What is the margin of safety ($ and %) in May?
B. What is the degree of operating leverage in May?
C. Central Valley Company expects future sales to rise rapidly. Do you recommend that
they use a relatively high or low degree of operating leverage? Clearly explain.
Managerial Accounting I
ACCT5‐2019S3‐101 Assignment 04 Page 7 of 8
Question 4 (3 marks)
Seco Corp., a wholesale supply company, uses independent sales agents to market the
company’s products. These agents currently receive a commission of 20% of sales. Seco had
already prepared its budget for next year before learning of the sales agents’ demand for an
increase in commissions. That budgeted income statement appears below:
SECO CORP.
Budgeted Income Statement
Sales $10,000,000
Cost of sales 6,000,000
Gross margin 4,000,000
Selling and administrative expenses:
Commissions $2,000,000
All other expenses (fixed) 100,000 2,100,000
Operating income $ 1,900,000
Seco is considering the possibility of employing its own salespersons. Three individuals would
be required, at a salary of $30,000 each, plus commissions of 5% of sales. In addition, a sales
manager would be employed at a fixed annual salary of $160,000.
Required:
A. Compute Seco’s break‐even point in sales dollars based upon the company’s budgeted
income statement, assuming that the company continues to use independent sales
agents and that they are paid the old commission rate of 20% of sales.
B. Compute Seco’s break‐even point in sales dollars, assuming that the company employs
its own salespersons.
Managerial Accounting I
ACCT5‐2019S3‐101 Assignment 04 Page 8 of 8