Chapter 1

Introduction

Organic agriculture is a method of crop and livestock’s

production that involves much more than choosing not to use

pesticides, fertilizers, genetically modified organisms,

antibiotics and growth hormones. Organization production is a

holistic system designed to optimize the productivity and

fitness of diverse communities within the agro-ecosystem,

including soil organisms, plants, livestock and people. The

principal goal of organic production is to develop enterprise

that are sustainable and harmonious with the environment.

Agri-Fishery Arts strand is on the programs under the

Technical-Vocational-Livelihood Track in Senior High School.

This strand is designed to provide students with adequate

knowledge and skills relating to agriculture and aquaculture,

under this strand you will also learn various topics that are

connected to the other jobs such as food processing, rubber

production, animal production, or landscaped installation. The

best thing about this strand is you can earn a National

1
Certificate on each subject provided that we pass the assessment

from TESDA. National Certificate can help boost your chances for

employment in the future. Aside from these, you can also use the

skills that you’ll learn from this strand in starting your own

business. You will also undergo a Personal Entrepreneurial

Competencies (PEC) Assessments so that you can enhance your

business and management skills.

Choosing and deciding on something have consequences. The

results of what you have chosen can either help you; it will

hinder you in the future. It is also the same with the course

that you will have to decide. In choosing a course, there are a

lot of factors that the students must consider. According to

Boyer (1987), “in taking a course, one of the life’s major

decision is being made. A lot of time, money an effort will be

involved. The shape and excellence of the student’s life may

rest on the result.” In choosing a junior, senior tvl track, a

student should take risk. F. Yates, Veinotte, & Patalano (2003)

define a decision as “… a commitment to a course of action that

is intended to produce a satisfying state of affairs.” A student

will choose a course which he/she will be studying throughout

his/her college years, and decision making should take part and

should not take for granted. The decision of which course to

2
take is one of the farthest decisions for a student’s especially

those who are graduating high school students. Making decision

implies that there are choices to be considered, and in such

case we want only to identify as many of these alternatives as

possible but to choose the one that best fits with our goals,

objectives, desires, values and so on. (Harris (1990) Decision

making is the best way to get one’s satisfaction, and considered

as the best required thing to do to have a successful and a very

satisfying life. One decent decision that a person will do can

make a huge impact in his/her life. Decision making happens in

people and some are for their future. This career choosing

requires mature and severe discussion since their choice will

decide what their future will be. Selecting an upcoming course

consists of different factors that will influence their

decisions.

Choosing a career path can help you set professional

goals and develop a strategy for getting well where you want to

be. Part to selecting an appropriate career path involve making

an honest self-evaluation of your talents, skills, and interest

while elements of your path may change over due to choice of

circumstance, having an overall professional objective with

which to guide your self will help you make critical decisions

with greater clarity. Your choice of profession can dictate

3
where you’re live and may affect if and when you marry and have

family. Choosing a career path can help you make other important

life decision. Achieving a satisfactory work life balance can be

trial for many professional, but profession criticising can help

you minimize some of this stress. When you choose a career path,

you cite yourself to look far into the future at your ultimate

objectives. Taking a career path can help you to identify

position you to hold and income stages you want to achieve. It

can also support to guide you in building personal and

professional networks in the industry in which you’re

interested. Having long term goals in place well help you stay

focus on your decisive career objectives, rather than moving

meaninglessly from job to job.

In some parts of our life there goes a time that we have to

decide and make our own decisions. Choosing a track is very

important because you are choosing a path where you are going

with your life. Picking the right track that suits your

abilities gives you a major advantage. Emotions is also vital

factor being happy with your job or having your dream job really

makes you happy.Students, career success can attain if proper

guidance is in choosing right course in collage, suited to

pupils’ personality ability and intellect. Helping students

chooses the career that suit them can be done by integrating

4
career plan with the curriculum so that students can make good

decisions in what course to take in collage. As observed the

students that usually took the course that they don’t like to

affect their grades. For example, as a researcher, we even

encounter having a hard time on deciding what course to take.

The grade is to make the students realize that before they end

up taking certain course, it should be well planned to avoid

regrets in the end.

Background of the Study

Other researchers indicates the importance in educating

consumers in the organic processes to reduce concern of quality

and safety issues and increase consumers knowledge that

differentiates the organic products from any other products from

any product. Some research examines the quality and safety risks

that indicate that best practices in organic farming needs to be

considered, while still other research has examined the

expectations and perceptions from consumers regarding organic

products. There are techniques that research has proven that

will shift the seasons of organic products to widen the window

of opportunity for organic farmers and other techniques that are

alternative to increase best practice to reduce risk of disease

5
in organic products. Local organic farmers need to opportunity

to sell products year round. A plan is being proposed to

implement better advertising system of poster and mailing to

consumer das well as Facebook website where consumer can order

and pay for products.

Adolescence is a critical stage in a life of a teenager.

During this stage, teens are known for their high risk

behaviours and rash decisions. Research concluded that this is

due to immaturity of psychosocial capacities, capacities that

influence decision making. Career maturity for adolescent refers

to readiness to make educational a career decisions (super &

Thompson, 1979) in an early study, Bingham (1978) found that

male pre-adolescents and adolescents were immature in their

understanding of demands associated with career choice when

compared to real adults. Biller (1985) reported that, even when

a choice of career field had been made, immature youths had

difficulties making career decisions with in the chosen field

compared to others of their age. Without guidance, this youths

are unlikely to engage in systematic career planning includes:

(a) a deliberate process for becoming aware of self,

opportunities, choices and consequences: (b) strategies for

identifying career-related goals; and (c) the developmental

experiences required to attain career goals (Carnevale, Gainer &

6
Meltzer, 1990). School career counsellors plays a key role in

the decision making process of the students. Psychologist Leon

Mann and colleagues develop a decision making process called

GOFER, which they taught to adolescent. They found out that for

students to have a deep understanding of their career goals.

They must survey values and objectives, consider a wide range of

alternative actions, search for information, weigh positive and

negative consequences of the options and plan how to implement

the options. Program among students is the cooperation between

teachers and counsellors. Students who were acquainted and

exposed to different skills are more likely to be successful in

work place as well as in their family, learning institutions,

employers, community, and the nation. Students not only need

know what they want but they have to open to any new information

and make the career choice meaningful to them. Beside school

career counsellors and teachers, school administrator also needs

to be aware of real function of career counsellors and

collaborate with them. Harris-bowlsbey (2003) said that

administrator and school career counsellors have to recognize

the importance of career guidance in school. Without this basic

information, the further improvement and research on career

development in school will be incomplete and insufficient. This

is a particular important area of research for career

practitioners, school counsellors, school administrator,

7
teacher, and students because the employments trends, career

options and worker’s requirements of changes dramatically. This

research embarks to make our students realize the importance of

the offered technical vocational track-horticulture, to

encourage stake holders and other companies situated in the area

as entrusted individuals

We have noticed and observed that grade students are having

trouble in choosing what track they are supposed to take. Some

are wondering if they really fit in the track or it really

suited in their skills and talents. Some even wonder if they

were going to be successful if they pursue to take that

particular track or it could lead them to a better future. And

also for their parents to guide the students and to be able to

determine if they could support the track that their children

will choose.

8
 Statement of the Problems

Organic agriculture is important to take in senior high

school. This will help to growth our economy especially in

agriculture. This process enables them to record factual

information about organic agriculture. Hence, the conduct of

this study.

Generally, this study will be conducted to answer the

question: What is the perception of the grade 10 students.

Specifically, this study will cite answers to the following

questions:

1. What is the socio-demographic profile of the grade 10

students in terms of sex, age, section and financial

status?

2. What is the perception of grade 10 students to take

organic agricultural track?

3. What is the purpose to take the organic agricultural

track?

9
 Objectives of the Study

The main objective of this research endeavour is to find out

the perception of grade 10 students in choosing organic

agriculture track. In detail, it is expected to:

1. Determine the socio-demographic profile of grade 10

students in terms of sex, age, section and financial

status.

2. Find out the perception of grade 10 students to take

organic agricultural track.

3. Identify the purpose of students to take Organic

Agriculture track.

Place and Time of the Study

This study will be conducted at David Moises Memorial High

School during the second semester of the academic School

year 2018-2019.

10
 Significance of the Study

The results that will be generated from this study would

benefit the following:

Students. The results of this study will enlighten students’

minds of the advantages of taking organic agricultural track.

Teachers. The results of this study will enable teachers to

understand their students’ perception in choosing organic

agricultural track, so they can better accommodate for

individual differences, preferences and learning styles that

relate to the prevalent practice of it.

Future Researchers. The findings of this study will be

beneficial to future researchers in choosing organic

agricultural track.

11
 Scope and Delimitations of the Study

The respondents of the study are limited only for grade 10

students for academic year 2018-2019. Further, the conclusions

that will be drawn from the study will only be true to the grade

10 students of David Moises Memorial High School students.

Definition of terms

To facilities better understanding of the study, the following

terms are defined conceptually and operationally as follows:

Age: Refers to how old something is. It is the length of time

that somebody or something has existed, usually expressed in

years this study, it refers to the life of existence of the

respondents from birth to present. It will range from 25-60

years old.

Sex: Refers to the physical distinction of the student

respondents as male and female). The same definition will be

used in this study.

12
Agriculture: the science, art, or practice of cultivating the

soil, producing crops, and raising livestock and in varying

degrees the preparation and marketing of the resulting products.

the definition will be used in the study.

Organic Farming: is a method of crop and livestock production

that involves much more than choosing not to use pesticides,

fertilizers, genetically modified organisms, antibiotics and

growth hormones. the same definition will be used in the study.

Perception: belief or opinion, often held by many people and

based on how things seemFinancial Status: The status of the

assets, liabilities, and owners' equity (and their

interrelationships) of an organization, as reflected in its

financial statements. Also called financial condition.

Section: Any of the more or less distinct parts into which

something is or may be divided or from which it is made up.

TVL Track: TVL stands for Technical-Vocational-Livelihood,

and the TVL Track is one of the two tracks offered in senior

high school; the other one is the Academic Track. ... However,

there's more to the TVL Track in senior high than meets the eye

13
 Chapter II

Review of Related Literature

The concepts of Organic Agriculture were developed in the

early 1900s by Sir Albert Howard, F.H.King, Rudolf Steiner and

others who believe that the use of animal manures (often made

into compost), cover crops, crop rotation, and biologically

based pest controls resulted in a better farming system. Such

practices were further promoted by various advocates-such as J.I

Rodale and his son Robert, in the 1940s and onward, who

published Organic Gardening and Farming Magazine and a number of

text on organic farming. The demand of organic food was

stimulated in the 1960s by the publication of Silent Spring, by

Rachel Carson, which documented the extent of environmental

damage caused by insecticides.

Traditional farming (of many particular kinds in different

eras and places) was the original type of agriculture, and has

been practiced for thousands of years. All traditional farming

is now considered to be “organic farming” although at the time

there were no known inorganic methods. For example, forest

14
gardening, a fully organic food production system which dates

from pre-historic times, is thought to be the world’s oldest and

most resilient agro ecosystem. After the industrial revolution

had introduced inorganic methods, most of which were not well

develop and had serious side effects. An organic movement began

in the 1940’s as a reaction to agriculture’s growing reliance on

synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. The history of this modern

revival of organic farming dates back to the first haft of the

28th century at a time when there was growing reliance on these

new synthetic, non-organic methods. Throughout this history, the

focus of agricultural research and the majority of publicized

scientific finding have been on chemical, not organic, farming.

This emphasizes has continued to bio-technologies like genetic

engineering. One recent survey of the UK’s leading government

funding agency for bio-science research and training indicated

26GM crop projects, and only one related to organic agriculture.

This imbalance is largely driven by agri-business in general,

which, through research funding and government lobbying,

continues to have a pre-dominating effect on agriculture-related

science and policy. Agribusiness is also changing the rules of

the organic market. The rise of organic farming was driven by

small, independent producers and by consumers. In recent years,

explosive organic market growth has encouraged the participation

of agri-business interests. As the volume and variety of

15
“Organic” products increases, the viability of small-scale

organic farm is at risk, and the meaning of organic farming has

an agricultural farming is ever more easily confused with the

related but separate areas of organic food and organic

certification.

Future Opportunities/ Ideal Job

Opportunity may influence how students have perceived their

future in terms of the reasonable probability of a future in

particular career fields.

Personality

“Personality” plays an important role in the choosing of

the right career (Splavaer, 2000)

Family

Parental support and encouragement are important factors

that have been found to influence career choice (Taylor et al,

2004)

16
Peer/Classmate

External influence that help to shape an individual’s

career choice are also influenced by significant others through

social support from peers. People around contribute a lot in

one’s decision-making (Pummel, Hardwood and Lavalle, 2008)

Research shows strengths and weaknesses in the organic supply

chain that causes problems in getting products to consumers and

meeting consumer demands. Other research indicates the

importance in educating consumers in the organic processes to

reduce concern of quality and safety issues and increase

consumer knowledge that differentiates the organic products from

any other product. Some research examines the quality and safety

risks that indicate that best practices in organic farming needs

to be considered, while still other research has examined the

expectations and perceptions from consumers regarding organic

products. There are techniques that research has proven that

will shift the seasons of organic products to widen the window

of opportunity for organic farmers and other techniques that are

alternatives to increase best practices to reduce risks of

disease in organic products.

Local organic farmers need opportunity to sell products year

round. A plan is being proposed to implement a better

advertising system of posters and mailings to consumers as well

17
as a Facebook website where consumers can order and pay for

products. The webpage would also include education links to

educate the consumer on the benefits of consuming organic

products. The plan will consist of a central warehouse for

organic product distribution to create a better shopping

experience that would provide a faster, more efficient service

and higher profitability. Organic Practices

Organic foods are those grown without the use of growth

hormones, antibiotics, synthetic pesticides, or chemical

fertilizers. Genetically modifying crops is also not performed

in organic farming. Soil fertility can be maintained…show more

content…

Organic Sales the Organic Foods Production Act (OFPA) was formed

as part of the 1990 Farm Bill. Three main goals of this act

included establishing marketing standards for organically

produced products, assuring consumers that organic products met

standards, and to assist in interstate commerce. The National

List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances, which was mentioned

earlier, was created by the OFPA. A USDA-accredited inspector

must inspect all organic operations, in order to maintain

standards. This process involves a 3rd-party assurance to verify

that organic standards were maintained during raising,

processing, and distribution factors. Large fines may be placed

18
for incorrectly using the organic label (Winter & Davis, 2006).

The National Organic Cost-Share Program, a financial assistance

program, was incorporated by the USDA. It is approved for

organic farmers in 15 states, which is available for farming

incomes higher than $5,000 per year. In 2005, $1 million was

available for 15 approved states. The program has continued

since 1990 (Winter & Davis, 2006). Consumers who purchase

organic foods may do so for numerous reasons. However, the

organic food sales continue to grow. Refer to Figure 1, which

describes organic food sales from 1997-2005 in the United States

(Winter & Davis, 2006). It is believed by some that consumers

purchase organic foods based with the perception that they are a

healthier Up until the 1920’s, most agriculture and farming was

done organically. Farmers used products that were naturally

earth made to control the weeds, pest, and help the soil

maintain its nutritional value. There wasn’t any chemicals or

insecticide until the Second World War, when the researchers

discover that nerve gas was able to kill insects. The first

insecticide was created in 1939 by Paul Miller. Since then

organic farming has dramatically decreased and more insecticides

has become extremely popular. In the 1960’s and 1970’s the ‘Be

Natural’ approach started, people were becoming more concerned

with their health and environment. This started up the growth of

the green movement. The green movement helped conserve the

19
environment and push farmers to go back to organic farming.

People have become concerned with their health due to all the

chemicals now put into farming. Organic Farming plays a huge

role in health, government, and the environment. The pros and

cons of organic farming vary in health concerns. For a product

to be completely organic there must be no chemicals,

insecticides, hormones, or any product that is not earth made

being used in the farming process. Nutrient value is usually a

lot higher in organic products because there is no chemical use.

The micronutrients from the rich soil, without chemical use

decrease health risks. The chemicals used to help grow the

plants and animals often take away some the nutritional value.

The plant or animals develops

Farming methods and food Crisis the ongoing worldwide food

crisis results from a dysfunctional food system and farming

methods. The world’s population is growing at a very high rate

and this calls for better farming methods in order to have

enough food to feed the growing population. There are

approximately five farming methods that are used in the world

today; organic farming, factory farming, traditional farming,

village farming, and vertical farming (Ruthenberg, MacArthur,

Zandstra, and Collinson

20
Ever since the Agricultural Revolution, farming has always been

organic. As the human population grew, conventional farming,

farming with non-organic methods (using synthetic fertilizers

and pesticides), became prevalent to satisfy the population’s

demand for food. Recently, organic farming has attracted

consumers for its health, environmental, and agricultural

benefits versus conventional farming, however, there is a debate

whether organic farming can produce enough food to satisfy the

current population

Times, philosophers, such as Thomas Malthus, believed humanity

could not be sustained. Malthus believed mankind would reach

their carrying capacity, specifically with regards to food. Yet,

this notion changed in subsequent years, thanks in part to the

green revolution. This revolution helped increase crop yields

due to new fertilizers, pesticides, etc. While there became more

food available, sustainability, with regards to producing food

in an environmentally friendly way, ran into some difficulties.

Resource can also be utilized by the future generations.

Sustainable business, or green business, is enterprise that has

no negative impact on the global or local environment,

community, society, or economy—a business that strives to meet

the triple bottom line (people, planet and profit). Often,

21
sustainable businesses have progressive environmental and human

rights policies. In general, business is described as green if

it matches the following four criteria: * It incorporates

principles of sustainability

Sales of organic food and non-food products reached $24.6

billion dollars which was 17.1 percent above the 2007 sales

(Musico). Obviously, people are buying organic food for many

reasons such as its advantageous economic impact, its positive,

eco-friendly contributions to the environment, and its health

and nutritional benefits. In today's economy, you can no longer

buy a dozen of eggs for 67 cents, like you could in 1980 (US

Census). Today, the average cost of a dozen of large non-organic

eggs

Crucial when making the right consumer decisions. Understanding

CSR will help the consumer evaluate the effects of their

consumption choices. CSR currently has no universal definition,

but it is commonly agreed that the strategy engages the business

brand with a specific societal issue that relates to the

company’s field of work. For example a car company might apply

their brand with uses of green energy with the automobile.

Businesses have noticed the benefits CSR can generate for their

company. However

22
Size) Large Farms Medium Sized Farms Small Farms Distinguishing

Features of Farms (According to Produce) Crops Farm Livestock

Monoculture/Mono-cropping Mixed Cropping Mixed Farming Organic

Farming Agro-Forestry Integrated Farm INSTITUTIONS WHICH SUPPORT

LOCAL AND REGIONAL AGRICULTURAL Rural Agricultural Development

Authority (RADA) Bodles Research Station: Jamaica Livestoc

Association (J.L.A.)

time, there were less than half a dozen natural food

supermarkets in the United States.[1] Today, they are the

world’s leader in natural and organic foods, with more than 270

stores in North America and the United Kingdom. Whole Foods was

founded by John Mackey, Renee Lawson Hardy, Craig Weller, and

Mark Skiles. Whole Foods seeks out the finest natural and

organic foods available, maintaining the strictest quality

standards in the industry. They also have an unshakeable

commitment to sustainable agriculture

How Organic Food Is Better Than Buying And Eating The Non

Organic Foods.

Food that we consume in daily routine. One such issue claims

that eating organic food is much better than buying and eating

23
the non – organic food (D. Mosbergen July 2014). Certain studies

point to the fact that the organic food that is available in

almost every market is the best healthy option available whereas

others say that it is no good but a tactical business strategy

for increasing the sales of products labelled as “Organic”.

While surfing through the internet and also while reading

newspapers Organic Food and Farming Benefits for Health

To the casual shopper it may appear that one of the biggest

differences between organic and non-organic food can be found on

the price tag, however, it is important to realize that the true

cost of food is not necessarily the price listed on the price

tag. Looking more into the quality, how it’s made and where the

food comes from, is beneficial in our choice of the food we

pick. Picking organic food have become ever-so popular. Organic

food is grown or raised using little or no synthetic

fertilizers, pesticides, or other artificial chemicals. Instead,

organic farmers try to work with natural processes to promote

the health of their crops and livestock. For example, an organic

farmer might apply compost (decaying plant material) instead of

chemical fertilizer to replenish the soil. Instead of using

pesticides, the farmer may rely on natural predators to control

insect pests. (Funk & Wagnall’s New World Encyclopaedia)

24
Some people choose organic food because they prefer the taste.

But there are many more factors that influence the decision to

choose organic food. One of the factors include that: Organic

foods are produced without the use of Genetically Modified

Organisms (GMOs). Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs). This

entire topic of GMO’s is a rather important topic in of itself,

but going on briefly about what it is, will help understand it

better. GMO’s are living organisms whose genetic material has

been artificially manipulated According to Dudani (1997),

agriculture was generally believed to have

Begun some 10,000 years back. The Sumerians were believed to

have used

sulphur compounds as insecticides before 25 B.C, while the

Chinese were

Credited with the use of plant pesticides for treatment of seeds

around 1200

B.C. He further added that in India perhaps the Neem tree

occupied pride of

Place for insecticidal and medicinal value since antiquity. This

found a place in

The treatise of Kautilya on Polity- the Arthshashtra- which

dated back to the 4th

25
Century B.C. There were several other scriptures on the subjects

dating back

From 6th century A.D onwards.

Sharma (2001) reported that the term ‘Organic farming’ was first

used by Lord

North born in the book, ‘Look to the Land’. North bourn had a

vision of the

Farm as a sustainable, ecologically stable, self-contained unit,

biologically

Complete and balanced living. The term thus did not refer solely

to the use of

Living materials (organic manures etc.) in agriculture although

obviously it

Included them, but with its emphasis on wholeness was

encompassed best by

The definition of pertaining to, or characterized by systematic

connection or

Coordination of part of the one whole.

Organic farming is one of the most important ways of sustainable

agriculture

26
Which is based upon a set of processes that lead to safe and

healthy food

Without using any harmful chemicals. About its origin, Chhonkar

(2003)

Reported that the importance of organic manure in agriculture

was known

Since ancient times and found mention in ancient Hindu religious

scriptures

(Rig Veda 1, 161, 10, 2500-1500 BC, Atharva Veda II 8.3) He also

added that

Holy Quran mentioned that “at least one-third of what you take

out from soil

must be returned to it implying recycling of the post-harvest

residues”.

Bhattacharya and Chakraborty (2005) of National centre of

organic farming,

Ghaziabad also mentioned that organic farming was initiated in

10000 years

Back when ancient farmers started cultivation depending on

natural sources

27
Only. He added that in Ramayana, it was mentioned that all dead

things rotting crops or stinking garbage returned to earth were

transformed in to

Whole some things that nourish life. Mahabharata (5500BC) also

mentioned of

Kamdhenu, the celestial Cow and its role on human life and soil

fertility.

‘Kautilya Arthshashtra’ (300 BC) mentioned several manures like

oil cake,

Excreta of animal whereas, ‘Brihad-Sanhita’ described how to

choose manure

For different crops and the methods of maturing. They further

added that

Organic farming had its roots in traditional agriculture

practices that evolved in

Countless villages and farming communities over the millennium.

They further

Stated major milestones in the area of organic farming.

https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/59502/11/10_c

hapter%202.pdf

Theoretical Framework

28
 Perception of grade 10 student in choosing TVL agriculture track

in senior high school at david moises Memorial High School.

Independent

Students
Organic agriculture Knowledge
Teacher Skills

Experience

Students depend on Organic Agriculture teachers because if there

is no teacher in agriculture they cannot know how to produce

organic products like concoction etc. and they cannot improve

their knowledge and skills in terms of organic agriculture.

29
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter deals with the process and procedure in

gathering data which includes the research design, locale of the

study, respondents of the study, sample size, sampling

techniques, research instrument, data gathering procedure, and

data analysis procedure.

Research Design

The Present Study will utilize mixed method research design

in order to determine the Perception of Grade 10 students of

David Moises Memorial High School in choosing Organic

Agriculture Track.

Research Method

30
The descriptive method of research was used in this research to

determine the Perception of Grade 10 students of David Moises

Memorial High School in choosing Organic Agriculture Track in

School Year 2018-2019.

The Office of Human Research Protections (OHRP) 2001

defines a descriptive study as “any study that is not truly

experimental.” In human research, a descriptive study can

provide information about the naturally occurring health status,

behaviour, attitudes or other characteristics of a particular

group. Descriptive studies are also conducted to

demonstrate associations or relationships between things in the

world around you. This research design was highly appropriate

for this study because it aimed to determine the Perception of

Grade 10 students of David Moises Memorial High School in

choosing Organic Agriculture Track.

31
 Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study will be the Grade10 students

of David Moises Memorial High School who are officially enrolled

for the academic year 2017-2018.

Research Instruments

The research instrument will be a checklist to be

distributed by the researchers to the respondents.

The data needed for this study was gathered using a

researcher-made questionnaire survey that determined the

Perception of Grade 10 students of David Moises Memorial High

School in choosing Organic Agriculture Track.

The questionnaire composed of series of questions regarding

their Perceptions and Ideas. Part I of the questionnaire dealt

32
in the personal profile of the respondents, Part II of the

questionnaire dealt on the perceptions of grade 10 students in

choosing agriculture track. The respondents were asked to check

the column that corresponds on their perception about

agriculture. It was rated as (SA) Strongly Agree (A) Agree (U)

Uncertain (D) Dis-Agree (SD) Strongly Disagree. It composed of

thirty- five (24) questions.

To ensure the validity of the questionnaire, it was

subjected to face the validation zeroing in on its content. The

validators were the members of the thesis advisory committee.

Prior to the use of the instruments in gathering the data,

this will undergo content validation by the advisory committee.

Their suggestions and recommendations will be incorporated in

the modification of instruments.

An instrument is said to be reliable if it has the ability

to elicit a correct, consistent and dependable data from the

respondents. The pre - test also eliminates vague instructions,

confusing statements, and questions, unclear wordings, leading

questions and faulty sequencing of questions (Belargo, 2014).

33
 Data Collection Procedure

The researchers will first secure a written permission from

the office of the school principal to administer the research

instrument and used the selected students from Grade10 Students

as respondents. After the grant of permission, the researchers

will arrange the schedule of testing with the respective

respondents from the grade 10 students of David Moises Memorial

High School. The researchers will personally administer the test

to ensure retrieval and to thresh out questions which will arise

during the test.

The respondents of the study will be advised to read and

understand the directions carefully and answer the question

truthfully

Data Analysis Procedure

Data will be analysed using both descriptive and

statistics, such as: frequently count, mean, percentage.

Sampling Procedures

34
Out of 133 total populations of Grade 10 Students, 100 were

taken as sample respondents by the use of sampling equation.

This study to be used stratified sampling procedure. Sample size

will be computed using the formula illustrated as follows

(Cochran’s et al., 1985 cited by David, 2002)

𝑁
𝑛=
1 + 𝑁𝑒 2

Where:

N = Population of the Study

N = Sample Size

e = Desired margin of error (0.5)

𝑛𝑁𝐼
𝑛𝑖 =
𝑁

Where:

n = Sample size of the study

N = Total population of the study

ni = sample size to be obtained from section

Ni = Total Population of student from each section

35
 N
n=
1+𝑁𝑒 2

133
n=
1+(133)(0.05)2

133
n=
1+(133)(0.0025)

133
n=
1.3325

n= 99.8123 or 100

Table 1 show the respondent of the study. As a total

population of the Grade 10 Students which is 133, we only get

100 as a sample population. In the group of Grade 10 Newton

Students got the larger size of student which is 50 of them are

the sample respondent which get the percentage of 42.22 and

Grade 10 Einstein Students got the smallest size of students

with a percentage of 22.44 with a 39 student and 22 of them are

the sample respondents.

And for the Grade10 Edison which is 41 and 29 of them are

the sample respondents with a percentage of 33.33.

Table.1 Respondents of the Study

36
 Respondents Total Population(N) Sample Percentage
(n)
(%)

Newton 70 44 42.22%

Einstein 41 33 22.44%

Edison 40 23 33.33%

Total 133 100 97.99

Personal Profile of the Students

Table 2 shows the personal profile of the respondents. When

they were classified according to sex and specialization.

When the respondents were grouped according to sex, it was

found out that majority or 53 or 58.89% were male while there

were only 37 or 41.11% who were female

37
Table2. Personal Profile of the Respondents

Personal Profile F Percentage

Sex

Male 70 58.89

Female 1.11%

63

Section

Newton 70 33.33%

Einstein 41 42.22%

Edison 40 24.44%

When clustered according to their section, Newton is 70 or

33.33%, Einstein is 41 or 42.22% and Edison is 40 or 24.44%.

38
 Sampling Techniques

The selection of the respondents will be done using the

drawing of lots wherein all the names of the participants were

written in a small slip of paper, rolled and placed in separate

boxes.

Statistics Analysis

The statistical tools that will be utilized in the analysis

of data are frequency counts, mean, Standard Deviation. The

respondent’s data was determined using the frequency count and

percentage.

39
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https://www.google.com/search

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www.eduakasyon.ph.com

www.britannica.com

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www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/agriculture

https://en.oxforddictionaries.com?definiton?section

https://www.google.com/search

https://www.google.com/search

40
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/section

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/perception
https://www.google.com/search

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(www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/age). In

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. www.academia.edu

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https://En.m.wikipedia.org

41