AQUACULTURE is the

farming of aquatic animals or

plants, including breeding,
raising and harvesting in all
types of water environments
in controlled conditions. It is
used to produce food and
commercial products, restore
and create healthier habitats
and rebuild threatened or
endangered species
populations. There are two
types of aquaculture –
marine and freshwater.
Aquaculture serves many
purposes, including:
 Food production for
human consumption;
 Rebuilding of populations
of threatened and
endangered species;
 Habitat restoration;
 Wild stock enhancement;
 Production of baitfish; and
 Fish culture for zoos and
aquariums.

Why is it important?
 Given that overfishing of
our oceans and other
natural resources is
continuously increasing
year over year, humans
need alternate sources for
seafood to feed the planet’s
ever-growing population.
 Aquaculture is the tool to
fill in the gap of seafood
supply.
 Farming fish responsibly
and sustainably is the
solution to providing future
 generations with access to
healthy and environmentally
friendly protein options.
 It is also a sustainable
option for consumers,
especially in comparison to
other farmed proteins.
Aquaculture vs. Fisheries
Fisheries are concerned with
fish or shellfish. They mainly
deal with catching,
processing, and selling fish.
On the other hand,
aquaculture is related to the
cultivation of both aquatic
animals and aquatic plants.

Aquaculture is also called

“fish farming,” and it involves
the natural or controlled
cultivation of shellfish, fish,
and seaweed in freshwater
and marine environments.
Fisheries are solely related to
catching wild fish or raising
and harvesting fish through
aquaculture or fish farming.
On the other hand,
aquaculture does not pertain
to cultivating and harvesting
fish alone. Aquaculture is a
science that involves all
aspects of marine life.
Aquaculture is a business
that involves the production
and marketing of shrimps,
oysters, and other animals.

LIST OF PROS OF
AQUACULTURE
 Source of Food for People
and Marine Species
 Source of Income
 Flexibility
 Helps Waste Problems.
 It creates jobs.
 It helps to protect coastal
waters from development.
 It can reduce the
pressures on local biomass
populations.
 It’s an easy chance to
study habits and behaviors.
 Inland environments also
support aquaculture.
 LIST OF CONS OF
AQUACULTURE
 Propagation of Invasive
Species
 Threat to Coastal
Ecosystems
 Contaminates Water and
Threatens Health
 Affects Wild Fish
Population
 Impact on the Environment
 It requires shared
resources.
 It can create a lack of
diversity.
 It may introduce new
diseases into the local
ecosystem.
 It’s unpredictable.
 It may increase the risks of
water contamination.

AQUACULTURE:
PROS AND CONS
Arguments in favor of
aquaculture:
1.Can create jobs in
community
2.Can increase revenue on
city, state and national level
3.Can reduce seafood trade
deficit
4.Can help feed a growing
U.S. and world population
5.Can encourage local
investment
6.Can increase scientific
knowledge and technology
7. Can place more emphasis
on protecting coastal waters
from pollution, especially in
the case of mollusk and
seaweed culture.
8.May reduce fishing pressure
on certain wild stocks if that
species can be produced
through aquaculture rather
than fished.

Arguments against
aquaculture:
1. Can conflict with other users
of water bodies such as
lobstermen, fishermen or
migrating fish
2. Can put excess pressure on
wild stocks that are used to
create high protein feed pellets
3. Can amplify and transfer
disease and parasites to wild
fish populations
4. Can pollute water systems
with excess nutrients (fish feed
& wastes), chemicals and
antibiotics
5.Can compromise native
gene pools if farmed fish and
native species interbreed
6.Can threaten livelihood of
fishermen
7.Can be an unpredictable
enterprise for small local
communities due to its
susceptibility to severe
weather, predators, disease,
and global competition
8.Can compromise the
aesthetic beauty of coastline