Dr.

Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological

University, Lonere
SYNOPSIS OF TY (ELECTRONICS)
SEMINAR

1. NAME OF THE COLLEGE : Karmveer Bhaurao Patil College of

Engineering ,Satara

2. NAME OF COURSE : B.Tech Electronics

3. NAME OF STUDENT : Kenjale Aniruddh Ashokrao

(With PRN No.) : 51627020181137610007

4. NAME OF THE GUIDE: Prof. Dr. S.S.Patil

5. NAME OF THE COGUIDE: Prof. Mrs. Mane S.V

6. PROPOSED TITLE : CDMA TECHNOLOGY

7. INTRODUCTION:
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) is a channel access method normally
used by 3G radio communication technology as well as in some other technologies. The
technicality of CDMA technology has given significant advantages over other parallel
technologies in terms of spectrum efficiency and overall performance

8. LITERATURE REVIEW:
1. The original cellular technologies were based solely on time and
frequency multiplexing. They were easy to implement, with
performance based on the magnitude of the channel noise. The
technique of code division multiple access (CDMA), or spread
spectrum, created a new type of channel. Each link in a CDMA

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 channel is limited by interference between concurrent users instead of
noise. This allows for a system to have a soft-limit on the number of
users; as the number of users increases in a CDMA system, the
overall system interference also increases. Given a set performance
level, a CDMA system can provide for a fixed number of users.
However, the overall performance could be lowered at the expense of
an increased number of users. Most CDMA systems operate at a
maximum capacity dictated by a minimum outage probability. The
maximum number of users can be calculated by taking into account
the number of neighboring cells, the number of users per cell, the
receiver noise, the channel bandwidth and the transmit power. This
capacity was initially based on continuous usage with fixed
interference levels, where each user was assumed to be actively
transmitting at all times. The inter-cell interference levels were
modeled by a factor f. The blockage probability, Erlang capacity and
outage probability are of more interest to a system designer; they are
based on a statistical model of the users and interference.

2. CDMA systems have been around since the 50’s but has remained a
technology in military hands until the early 90’s when it was adopted
commercially as a viable alternative for wireless communication.
This course sheds light on CDMA technology. It brings out the
advantages of this technology over the present TDMA technology as
well as its limitations. The importance of enabling techniques such as
power control, variable rate coding are brought out. The physical
layers of forward link and reverse link channels are discussed.
Multipath reception and rake receivers are described with examples.
Different identities and security features in IS-95 are described. To
sum up, call procedures are explained with ladder diagrams.

9. PROPOSED SEMINAR DETAILS:

1. Introduction
a. Code Division Multiple Access
2. History
a. Dmitry Ageev.
b. Leonid Kupriyanovich.
c. USSR
d. Altai
3. Uses

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 a. Global Positioning System(GPS).
b. Qualcomm standard IS-95
c. Qualcomm standard IS-2000,known as CDMA 2000.
d. UMTS 3G mobile phone standard.
e. OmniTRACS satellite system for transportation logistics.
4. Features of CDMA
a. Full available spectrum.
b. Pseudo-random digital sequence.
c. Better capacity for voice and data communications.

10.Scope of SEMINAR:
• CDMA concept as compared with TDMA and FDMA

• Diversity, rake receivers, different codes, channel coding, scrambling and

modulation in IS-95 systems

• Physical layers and different logical channels used in the IS-95 system

• System Access and Call processing

• Power control, variable rate coding, soft handoff procedures • Call processing and
security procedures

11.Objective of SEMINAR:
1. Introduction.
2. History.
3. Uses.
4. Features of CDMA.
5. Advantages Of CDMA.
6. Disadvantages Of CDMA.
7. Conclusion.

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12.REFERENCES:

[1] Ms. Anju Uttam Gawas, An Overview on (Evolution of Mobile Wireless

Communication Networks): 1G-6G, JRITCC, VOLUME 3 ISSUE 5, MAY 2015.
[2] Ms. Reshma S,( 5G Mobile Technology JARCET,Volume 2, Issue 2,) February 2013
[3] 5G technology- (Evolution of technology towards 2020), www.engineersgarbage.com.

PLACE: SATARA
DATE : / /

Student Seminar Coordinator