Computer Network Training 1

Agenda
1.)Introduction to
Networking

A) Basic Networking
B) Type of Computer
C) Network Component
D) Network Connection
E) End Device
F) Type of Network
G/ Ethernet media Type
H/ Option for connecting to ISP
I/ Sending
J/ Download and Upload Service

2.)Wireless

A) Introduction to wireless
B) Configuring Wireless
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1.) Introduction to Networking

A) Basic Networking
What is Network & its Benefit?

Definition of Network
Network are the interconnect between two or more computer with network device
such as Hub,Switch, Router ,Pix(hardware firewall) ,Printer,Wireless
and modem so on…

Benefit of Network
Computer Network provide the user to share & access the resource below
such as Database,Email, Printer, Home and Public folder, Internet

Services Provide by Network?

Network provides the following service:
- File Service: user can exchange the file store on the HDD or
storage device.
- Email Service: user can send& receive the mail.
- Database Service: user insert delete, update.
-Telephony Service: user can make the VOIP(call by IP)
- Archive Service: user can backup NOS or NOS file to the tape
or other storage device.
- Fax Service: user can send and receive the fax
- Video Service: user can join the video conference.
- Print Service : user can print document to which printer they want.
B) Type of Computer
Computer Overview
Computer has been divided as below:
- Server
- Workstation: machine high CPU,Mainboard,RAM ,VGA and Support
multi card (used for design Graphic in Channel TV..)
- Desktop
- Laptop
- Handhelp: computer used by touch screen

What is Server?
- High performance for running OS
- Use for Managing the client.
- Redundancy: multiple CPU ,FAN and Power Supply ,HDD.
- Optional RAID (0,1,5)technology.for Configure hard disk.

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Redundancies Technology

Type of Server
1. Blade server: store many server

2.Rack Mount : server landscape

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3.Towel/Stand alone server: server portrait.

C) Network Component

Network Devices

- Cable (network medium)

- Hub
- Switch
- Router
- Patch Panel
- Wireless

 Cable (Network Medium) have

1.Twist Pair
2.Coxial
3.Fiber Optic

1.Twist Pair have UTP & STP

- UTP(Unshield Twist Pair) divide three as

. Ethernet have speed :10Mbps (Category 3 &4)
. Fast Ethernet have speed:100Mbps (Category 5)
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. Gigabit Ethernet have speed:1000Mbps(Category 6)

- STP(Shield Twist Pair):Europe like used.

2. Coxial (used for TV) have speed 10Mbps.

3. Fiber Optic

UTP Cable
Straight Through Cable:(used device different)

-Switch to router
-Switch to PC
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-Hub to PC
-Hub to Router
-Switch to Patch Panel
-Switch to Wireless
RJ45

1. Orange White
2. Orange
3. Green White
4. Blue
5. Blue White
6. Green
7. Brown White
8. Brown

Note (start and end cable is cabling the same)

1-1
2-2
3-3
4-4
5-5
6-6
7-7
8-8

Crossover Cable:(used device the same)

-Switch to switch
-PC to PC
-Hub to hub
-Router to router
-Switch to hub (except)
-Router to PC (except)

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Note (start and end cable is cabling the different )

1-3
2-6
3-1
4-4
5-5
6-2
7-7
8-8

How to Use Cable

LAN Cabling Area

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Fiber Optic
Fiber Optic can be classify into two types: single mode and multi mode.

-Single Mode Fiber: can transmit optical pulse for very long distance.
single mode support up to 100 Km(cost expensive)

-Multi Mode Fiber: use for short distance. Multi mode support
up to 2 Km and light as Wave.

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 HUB

Hub Serves as center of network for connecting computer printer ,wireless and so on.

Function of Hub
- Do not have a MAC address table inside
- Low performance
- Not popular use in the network today
- Speed only 10 Mbps
-Use Layer 1

 Switch

Switch use As Center of Network Connecting.

Function of Switch

-Faster performance than HUB (Speed up to100 Mbps and 1000Mbps)

-Have MAC address table inside
-When the Data send from source to the destination ,it will forward to the specify host.
-Use ARP(Address Resolution Protocol) to resolve and find the MAC address
-Use Layer 2

MAC address table

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 Router

Router use for interconnecting the network.

Function of Switch
-Switching
-Routing
-Find the Best Path to move the packet from one network to other network
-Learn and examine the IP address
-Reduce Broastcase
-Layer 3

Router in today use

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 Patch Panel

Path Panel is the device that connect between user location port and switch.
it have 24 ports and 48ports.

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 Default gateway:
- Default gateway is configured on host in the window computer.
The TCP/IP protocol tool are usedto enter the default gateway IP V4.
Every host in the local network willthe default gateway ip address to send
the data to outside or other network
- If it send the data in the same network,default gateway ip addresswill not use
.it will send direct to thespecify host.

Note
we ca view the IP address and default gateway by using the command:
ipconfig or ipconfig /all.
D) Network Component
Network Connection
- Connection using Wire: Network use physical cable to connect device.

- Connection using Wireless: Networkuse radio wave to communicate

Between device

This diagram description the network connection at customer place:

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E) End Device

End Device: the network devices that people are most familiar with are callled
end device. These devices from the interface between the human network and
underlying communication network some examples of end device are:

-Computers(work station ,laptops, file server, web servers)

-Network Printer
-VIOP phones
-Security cameras
-Mobile handheld devices(such as wireless ,barcode, scanners, PDA)

Common Data Network Symbol

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F) Type of Network
Networks are divided into two:

-LAN (Local Area Network)

-WAN (Wide Area Network)

LAN: refers to the local network that has many computers connect together
from department to department for from floor to floor.

LAN has divided into two:

-Single Lan: two or more computer connects in the same IP address
-Multiple Lan: two or more computer connects in the different IP address
range by using router.

Example of Single LAN

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Example of Multiple LAN

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WAN (Wide Area Network):WAN are the interconnect of LAN.

When a company or organization has locations that are separated by large geographical distances ,it may be
necessary to use a Telecommunications Service
Provider(TSP) to interconnect the LANs at the different locations.Telecommunication
service provider operate large regional networks that can span long distances.
Traditionally,TSPs transported voice and data communications on separate network.
Increasingly,these providers are offering converged information network services
to their subscribers.

LANs and WANs are very useful to individual organizations.they connect the users
within the organization .they allow many form of communication including exchnge
e-mail,corporate,and other resource sharing.

G) Ethernet Media Type

Ethernet media is divided into three:

-Ethernet (Ethernet NIC, Cable Cat3 or Cat4 , Ethernet Switch,Speed:10Mbps)

-Fast Ethernet (Fast Ethernet NIC , Cat5,Fast Ethernet Switch, Speed:100Mbps)
-Gigabit Ethernet (Gigabit NIC, CableCat6 ,Gigabit Switch, Speed:1000Mbps)

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List of Ethernet with Cable

Media Ethernet Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet
(Cat 3,4) (CAT5) (CAT6)
Speed 10Mbps 100Mbps 1000Mbps

Max.Length 100m 100m 100m

Connector RJ45 RJ45 RJ45

Topology Star Star Star

 Topologies :
You should design the topology of your network on the basis of the size and use of the network, and always
remember to design room for growth into the network. Design the electronic to maximize the speed of the
media and to segment the network into smaller workgroups. Larger networks will use several different types
of topologies to accomplish different goals.
Topologies divided 4 such as : Star, Ring, Bus,Mesh

1. Star Topology

The star topology is so named because all the devices connect individually to a central hub at the local
wiring closet. The simplest type of start topology has workstations connected to a hub and the cable acts as a
point-to-point connection between the workstation and the hub. If a break occurs in the cable, the
workstation is the only network node affected. Because of its simple, straightforward design, the star
topology lets you make equipment changes at one location. The star topology is the basis for structured
cabling systems and can be combined with a bus, ring, or hierarchical star topology to form a LAN or a
WAN. It is usually configured so that lines terminate within a multi-access unit (MAU), hub, or switch. It is
also well suited to carrying out polling mechanisms for multiple accesses from the central location to
outlying node.

Star Topology

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2. Ring Topology

The most common type of ring topology is the token ring network. In a token ring topology, an electronic
token is passed around the network. When a station receive token, it then has the authorization to transmit
and receive data. The network nodes are connected to an MAU device that has a collapsed ring inside it. It
also has special circuitry to detect when a device is connected to a port and allows the device into the ring or
shuts the device out of the ring..

3. Bus Togology

A bus topology is a single backbone cable that interconnects all the workstations on a LAN. The bus
structure provides simultaneous access to a central bus by several nodes and is the most commonly used
networking structure in office LANs. Tree topologies are also forms of bus structures. This was the main
type of network in the early days of Ethernet. In today’s network environment, you might implement a bus
topology to connect network equipment that would connect workstations in a star topology. Its main
drawback is that if a break occurs in the cable, it takes the whole backbone segment down, and all
workstations will lose connection with the network.

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4. Mesh Topology
A mesh topology network offers superior redundancy and reliability. In a mesh topology, each computer is
connected to every other computer by separate cabling. This configuration provides redundant paths
throughout the network so that if one cable fails, another will take over the traffic. While ease of
troubleshooting and increased reliability are definite pluses, these networks are expensive to install because
they use a lot of cabling. Often, a mesh topology will be used in conjunction with other topologies to form a
hybrid topology.

Mesh Topology

H) Option for Connect to ISP

We connect internet as Dialup,Broadband[wireless ip, Wimax,ip star,hotsport]
,DSL[ADSL, My DSL,HDSL],Lease Line, Fiber Optic, Cell Phone.
Type of Internet Connection
-Dial Up
-Cell Phone
-ADSL (using telephone line with ADSL account provide by ISP)
-Leased Line (using fiber optic with public IP address provide by ISP)

 Dial up Connection
Dial up connection must have modem and username & password from MPTC
MPTC(company telephone)

Ex. User Name: 023 212 017

Password : ******** MPTC

R
RJ11(use for Line Telephone)

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Cell Phone Connection

cellphone connection must username and password.

Ex. 012212017@mobitel.com.kh
password:******

p Port USB

 ADSL Connection(Asymantec Digital Subcriber Line)

ADSL connection use Account and Telephone Line, ADSL use protocol PPPOE

Example ADSL

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 Leased Line Connection
Leased Line connection use Public IP and Fiber Optic.

Example Leased Line

I) Sending Data

How Data Send

We have 3 type of sending
-Unicast : one to one
-Multicast: one to many
-Broadcast: one to all

Examle of Unicast
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Send email from one to one

Example of Multicast

Send email from one to one and CC to other

Example of Broadcast

Send email from one to everyone

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J) Download & Upload

What is download and upload?

-Download: The data transfer from the server to client(receive data from other)
-Upload: The data transfer from the client to server(insert data to other)

Download:

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Upload:

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2.) Wireless
A) Introduction to Wireless
Wireless :
-Non cable use radio Frequency for send
and receive data.
-Wireless divide two Wireless Router
and Wireless Access Point.

-when used internet if type only password mean used normal wireless
Wireless
-if used internet if type username & password
mean use Server Radius (TAC-CAC) ,

B) Configuring Wireless

 Practice Configure Wireless Access Point (Linksys)

1. Connect from Laptop to Wireless by Cross Cable (LAN Port Wireless)

2. Put IP Address Laptop the same Range IP Wireless

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3. Ping from Laptop to wireless

4. Default of Wireless Type in IE: http://192.168.1.1

Username:not type
Password :type admin

 On Tab Wireless

-Take Mixed (support all )

-on manual in SSID: type any name(Ex.Vutha_AP)
-Standard Channel take 6. 2.4GHz

-click on save setting

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 On Tab Wireless Security

-Take Wep (can type 1-9 or a to f )

-on Key1: type password the wireless security (Ex.abcdef123)

click on save setting

Note :when we configure already, if we connect to wireless next time we can not connect cable.
 On Tab Wireless MAC Filter (put wireless security on Network Card)

-click enable on wireless MAC Filter

-Prevent mean Block MAC IP Address
-Permit mean Open MAC Address
Ex. MAC Address :00-ff-12-fb

 On Tab Administrator (change password router or reset router, backup &restore conf router)

- password:*****
- Password admin
-refirm password:*****

- Factory Default mean Reset Router

- Backup and Restore Configuration Router

 How to Connect Wireless

Enter to Network Wireless Connection

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Practice Configure Router Wireless (Linksys)

1. Connect from laptop to Wireless by Cross Cable
2 .Put IP Address laptop the same Range IP Wireless
3. Ping from laptop to wireless
4. Type in IE: http://192.168.1.1 , Username: not type, Password: type admin

On Tab Basic Setup

-if take Automatic configuration DHCP(router receive IP auto from ISP)
-if take Static, type information provide by ISP :
Internet IP address: 203 1 1 2 (Public IP)
Subnet Mask: 255 255 255 0
Gateway: 203 1 1 1
DNS1: 203 189 128 1
DNS2: 203 189 128 2
-RouterName:Vutha
-on Network Setup (Router IP)
Local IP Address: 192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0

click on save setting

Note
On Tab Basic Setup we can define DHCP the below:
-DHCP Server click Enable
Start IP Address:192.168.100.150

Max Number of DHCP 50

-Time setting take Bangkak
-click on save setting

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