MULTI AREA OSPF CHAPTER 20 TODDLAMLE

 routers that are internal to a defined area don’t need to worry about having a link-state
database
for the entire network because they need one for only their own areas. This factor seriously
reduces memory overhead! Second, routers that are internal to a defined area now have to
recalculate their link-state database only when there’s a topology change within their given
area.
 Topology changes in one area won’t cause global OSPF recalculations
 ADJENCIES REQUIREMENT : 1) two way hello 2 ) database synchronization by DD , LSR ,LSU
After establishing adj router share routing info.

LSA

 Type 1 LSA Referred to as a router link advertisement (RLA), or just router LSA, a Type 1
LSA is sent by every router to other routers in its area. This advertisement contains the
status
of a router’s link in the area to which it is connected. If a router is connected to multiple
areas,
then it will send separate Type 1 LSAs for each of the areas it’s connected to. Type 1 LSAs
contain the router ID (RID), interfaces, IP information, and current interface state. For
example,
 Type 2 LSA Referred to as a network link advertisement (NLA), a Type 2 LSA is generated by
designated routers (DRs). Remember that a designated router is elected to represent
other routers in its network, and it establishes adjacencies with them. The DR uses a Type 2
LSA to send out information about the state of other routers that are part of the same
network. Note that the Type 2 LSA is flooded to all routers that are in the same area as the
one
containing the specific network but not to any outside of that area. These updates contain
the DR and BDR IP information.
 Type 3 LSA Referred to as a summary link advertisement (SLA), a Type 3 LSA is generated
by area border routers. These ABRs send Type 3 LSAs toward the area external to the one
where they were generated. The Type 3 LSA advertises networks, and these LSAs advertise
inter-area routes to the backbone area (area 0). Advertisements contain the IP information
and
RID of the ABR that is advertising an LSA Type 3.
 Type 4 LSA Type 4 LSAs are generated by area border routers. These ABRs send a Type 4
LSA toward the area external to the one in which they were generated. These are also
summary LSAs like Type 3, but Type 4 are specifically used to inform the rest of the OSPF
areas
how to get to the ASBR.
 Type 5 LSA Referred to as AS external link advertisements, a Type 5 LSA is sent by
autonomous system boundary routers to advertise routes that are external to the OSPF
 autonomous
system and are flooded everywhere. A Type 5 LSA is generated for each individual external
network advertised by the ASBR.

HELLO PROTOCOL
The Hello protocol provides a lot of information to neighbors. The following is communicated
between neighbors, by default, every 10 seconds

Router id , hello dead intervals , area id router priority , DR BDR ips and auth data