Bombas de Turbina Vertical

Vertical Turbine
Deep Well
PRODUCT BULLETIN
MODEL DEEP-WELL OPEN
LINESHAFT VERTICAL TURBINE
INDUSTRIAL
Process, Petrochemical,
Deep-Well Open Lineshaft Vertical Turbines
Cargo Transfer
The CPS Vertical Turbine pumps are designed for long, dependable life in many applications.
Modern processing methods require modern pumping equipment to satisfactorily handle the
many and varied fluids used in the various industries. CPS Engineers, backed by over 125
years of manufacturing experience, have met this demand with the vertical turbines offered
today. We have incorporated in our design, ideas and suggestions from competent engineers
from all sections of the country.
Material Specifications
Booster, Supply Water

CONSTRUCTION
COMMERCIAL
BRONZE FITTED ALL IRON ALL BRONZE
Bowl Assembly Cast Iron Cast Iron Bronze

Bowl Bearings Bronze Bronze Bronze
Impeller(s) Bronze Cast Iron Bronze
Bowl Shaft 416 SS 416 SS 416 SS
Strainer Galvanized Steel Galvanized Steel Galvanized Steel
Quench Water, Filtration, Transfer,

Filter Backwash, Circulation, Well
Discharge Column A53 Steel A53 Steel A53 Steel
Column Shaft C1045 Steel C1045 Steel C1045 Steel
Column Bearings Rubber Rubber Rubber
Discharge Head Cast Iron Cast Iron Cast Iron
MUNICIPAL
PUMPING CONDITIONS:
Fluid to be Pumped:
Design Capacity (USGPM):
Differential Head (FEET):
Maximum RPM:
Minimum acceptable bowl efficiency, (%):
MODEL VERTICAL TURBINE
Viscosity (SSU):
Specific Gravity:
Suction Pressure (PSIG)
PRODUCT BULLETIN
Temperature (°F):
1
MODEL DEEP WELL OPEN LINESHAFT VT SPECIFICATIONS
Bowl Assembly: The pump bowls shall be of close grained, cast iron end to butt and insuring alignment when connected by standard mill steel
ASTM A48 Class 30. The water passages on bowl sizes 6” through 16” coupling. Flanged will be machined to accept bearing retainer in such a
shall be lined with porcelain enamel or fusion epoxy lined to reduce way as not to allow any movement of retainer after flanges are bolted
friction loss, shall be free of blow holes, sand holes and other detrimental securely together and to implement proper sealing of the column. The
defects, and shall be accurately machined and fitted. The impellers shall weight of the column pipe shall be no less than that stated in
be of bronze (enclosed or semi-open) and dynamically balanced. ANSI/AWWA Specification E101, Section 5.1 “Standard Specifications
Impellers through 16” shall be securly fastened to the shaft with taper split for Discharge Column Pipe.” The column size shall be such that friction
bushings of steel. Larger sizes shall be double-keyed. Impellers shall be loss will not exceed 5’ or 100’, based on the rated capacity of the pump. If
adjusted vertically by an external means. possible, the column size shall be such also be such as to provide a
velocity of not less than 5 feet per second at the rated capacity.
The pump shaft shall be of A582 grade 416 stainless steel, turned, ground
and polished. It shall be supported by bronze bearings above and below Top and bottom sections of column pipe on product lubricated pumps shall
each impeller. The suction case bearing shall be grease lubricated and not exceed 5’ in length.
protected by a bronze sand collar. The size of the shaft shall be no less
than that determined by ANSI/AWWA Specifications E101, Section A4.3 Discharge Head: The discharge head shall be of close grain, cast iron,
paragraph 4.3.3. ASTM A48 class 30, free of sand holes and other defects, accurately
machined and with a surface discharge. Discharge flange shall be
Suction Pipe & Strainer: The suction pipe shall be 10’ in length and machined and drilled to ANSI standards for 125 lb. rating and shall be
of a size and weight at least equal to the outer column. A galvanized cone __________ inches nominal inside diameter. The top of the discharge
type strainer shall be provided having a net inlet area equal to at least four head shall have a rabbet fit to accurately locate the vertical hollow shaft
times the suction pipe area. The maximum opening size shall not be more driver, and have a diameter equal to the drive base diameter (BD) and less
than 75 percent on the minimum opening of the water passage through the than __________ inches.
bowl and impeller.
Th discharge head shall be equipped with a tube tensioning device to apply
and maintain proper tension to the shaft enclosing tube. The inner column
Column Assembly: The lineshafts shall be of carbon steel ASTM
tension nut assembly shall incorporate a tension nut, a bronze headshaft
A108 grade C1045 with 300 series stainless steel sleeves spaced at 10’
bearing and neoprene dust seals to prevent dirt from entering tube line at
intervals for 1800 RPM and 5’ for 2200 RPM and over, turned and ground.
shaft. Provisions shall be made for locking the tension nut in place after
They shall be furnished in inter-changeable sections not over __________
tightening.
feet in length.
The top lineshaft shall be of ASTM A108 grade C1045 steel and shall not
The butting faces shall be machined square to the axis of the shaft, with
exceed 10’ in length. Impeller adjustment shall be provided at the top of
maximum permissable axial misalignment on the thread axis with the shaft
the headshaft by means of adjusting nut which shall be positively locked in
axis 0.002” in 6”. The size of the shaft shall be no less than that
position.
determined by ANSI/AWWA-E101 Specifications Section 5.5 for C1045
lineshaft and shall be such that elongation due to hydraulic thrust will not
exceed the axial clearance of the impellers in the pump bowls. Maximum Motor: The electric motor shall be vertical hollow shaft __________
runout in 10’ shall not exceed 0.005”. RPM., three phase (50 or 60 Hz) __________ volts with a non-reverse
ratchet, P-base, squirrel cage induction design. Enclosure shall meet
The lineshaft bearing shall be of bronze, internally spiral grooved to allow NEMA weather protected type type 1 design with stainless steel screens to
lubricant to flow through and threaded externally to act as enclosing tube prevent entrance of rodents. Motor shall have Class B or Class F
connectors at 5’ intervals. insulation with temperature rise as specified by NEMA standards for class
insulation used and shall have a 1.15 service factor.
The shaft enclosing tube shall be of ASTM A120 schedule 80 with the
ends machined square and parrallel, threaded internally to receive the line- Thrust bearing shall be chosen to handle the continuous down thrust as
shaft bearings. Maximum tube thread run-out in 5’ length shall not exceed specified by the pump manufacturer with an AFBMA B-10 one-year
0.005”. Bearing spacing shall not exceed 5’. minimum or five year average life under design conditions. Provisions
shall be made for momentary upthrust equal to 30 percent of rated down
The outer column shall be either flanged or threaded of ASTM A53 grade thrust. The motor rating shall be such that at design it will not be loaded
B steel pipe of ASTM A120 interchangable sections not over 10’ in length beyond nameplate rating and at no place on the pump curve shall the
for 2200 RPM and over with the ends of each section faced parallel and loading exceed the service factor.
machined. Threaded will have 8 straight threads per inch permitting the
2
DEEP WELL VERTICAL TURBINE SECTIONAL DRAWING
Item Item
Item Description Item Description
Number Number
1 Discharge Head 70 Oil Lubricated O/C Section (10’ 0” long) TBE
2 Head Column Flange 71 I/C Section (5’ 0” long)
3 Head Column Flange Gasket 72 Oil Lubricated L/S Section (10’ 0” long)
4 Studs 73 Oil Lubricated O/C Section (5’ 0” long) TBE
5 Nuts 74 Oil Lubricated L/S Section (5’ 0” long) TBE
6 Head Discharge Flange 75 I/C Stabilizing Spider
7 Head Discharge Flange Gasket 76 Water Lubricated O/C Section
8 Discharge Flange Assembly Cap Screws 77 Water Lubricated O/C Section
9 Discharge Flange Assembly Nuts 78 Water Lubricated L/S Bearing Spider
10 Head Discharge Flange Assembly Studs 79 Water Lubricated L/S Bearing
11 Head Discharge Flange Assembly Nuts 80 Water Lubricated L/S Sleeve
14 Head Packing Housing with Bearing 81 Water Lubricated L/S Extension (3’ 9-7/8” long)
15 O-Ring 82 Water Lubricated L/S Section (5’ 0” long)
16 Head Packing Housing Cap Screws 83 Water Lubricated L/S Section (10’ 0” long)
17 Oil Lubricated Headshaft 84 Water Lubricated Bowl Shaft
18 Water Lubricated Headshaft 85 Oil Lubricated Bowl Shaft
18A Top Shaft 88 Oil Lubricated Discharge Case
19 Headshaft Flinger 89 Oil Lubricated Discharge Case Bearing
20 Headshaft Adjusting Nut 90 Water Lubricated Case Bearing
22 Packing (Set) 91 Water Lubricated Case Bearing
23 Packing Follower 93 Water Lubricated Case Bearing
25 Head Packing Housing Grease Fittings 94 Sand Cap Set Screws
26 Packing Follower Studs 96 Shaft Seal
27 Packing Follower Retainer Nuts 97 I/C Adapter Coupling
28 Adapter Flange 101 Top Bowl Assembly
29 Adapter Flange O-Ring 102 Top Bowl Bearing
30 Adapter Flange Assembly Cap Screws 103 Bowl Assembly (Enclosed Type)
31 Oil Lubricated Headshaft Bearing 104 Bowl Bearing
32 Water Lubricated Headshaft Bearing 105 Bowl Assembly (Semi-Open Type)
33 Water Lubricated Headshaft Bearing 106 Impeller (Enclosed Type)
34 Adjusting Nut Machine Screw 107 Impeller (Semi-Open Type)
40 I/C Tension Nut 108 Taper Lock
41 Tension Nut Set Screw 109 Suction Case Assembly (Enclosed Type)
42 I/C Seal Ring 110 Suction Case Bearing
43 I/C Seal Ring Nut 111 Suction Case Assembly
44 Headshaft Bearing Assembly Cap Screws 113 Suction Case End Plug
45 Headshaft Bearing Dust Seal 114 Suction Case Sand Cap
49 Solenoids Valve 115 Optional Set Screws for Brass Sand Cap
53 Vented Sight Drip Valve 116 Bowl Suction Flange
54 Tubing for Oil Lubrication 117 Bowl Assembly Cap Screws
55 Oil Line Connector for Headshaft Bearing 119 Suction Bell (Optional)
59 Oil Level Sight Glass 124 Oil Lubricated O/C Section (20’ 0” long)
63 2’ Long O/C Adapter Nipple TBE Top Section 125 Oil Lubricated L/S Section (20’ 0” long)
64 Inner Column Adapter 2’ 4” Long Stretch Nipple 126 Vented Toggle Valve
65 Oil Lubricated Lineshaft Bearing 149 Oil Lubricated O/C Assembly T&C (10’ 0” long)
66 Oil Lubricated Lineshaft Adapter Bearing 150 Oil Lubricated O/C Assembly T&C (5’ 0” long)
67 Shaft Coupling 151 Oil Lubricated O/C Assembly T&C (20’ 0” long)
68 Shaft Adapter Coupling 152 Water Lubricated O/C Asmbly T&C (10’ 0” long)
69 O/C Coupling 153 Water Lubricated O/C Asmbly T&C (5’ 0” long)
Recommended spare parts are in BOLD.
5
DEEP WELL OPEN LINESHAFT VERTICAL TURBINE
MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
BOWL IMPELLER
BOWL SHAFT SHAFT COUPLING
BOWL BEARINGS SHAFT BEARINGS
STRAINER BOWL W/R
IMPELLER W/R COLUMN PIPE
LINESHAFT PACKING
BASE PLATE DISCHARGE HEAD
PUMP
TYPE DISCHARGE HEAD
SUCTION DISCHARGE
LINESHAFT COLUMN
LUBRICATION MODEL
STAGE GPM
TDH TRIM
RPM BHP
MOTOR
MAKE TYPE
ENCLOSURE NRR
SRC HP
RPM PHASE
HERTZ VOLTAGE
FRAME NO. TYPE COUPLING
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS
DRAWING NO. SERIAL NO.
FLUID SPECIFIC GRAVITY
VISCOSITY TEMPERATURE
PH NO. UNITS REQUIRED
CUSTOMER
ADDRESS
CITY ST ZIP
TEL. ( ) FAX. ( )
REP.
SUPPLIER
SALESMAN
- Your Local Authorized Distributor -
Sales & Marketing:

Manufacturing:
Phone:
Fax:
PRODUCT BULLETIN
MODEL DEEP-WELL ENCLOSED
LINESHAFT VERTICAL TURBINE
INDUSTRIAL
Cargo Transfer
Deep-Well Enclosed Lineshaft Vertical Turbines

CONSTRUCTION
COMMERCIAL


MUNICIPAL
PUMPING CONDITIONS:
Fluid to be Pumped:
Maximum RPM:
Viscosity (SSU):
Specific Gravity:
PRODUCT BULLETIN
Temperature (°F):
1
MODEL DEEP WELL ENCLOSED LINESHAFT VT SPECIFICATIONS
Bowl Assembly: The pump bowls shall be of close grained, cast iron Top and bottom sections of column pipe on product lubricated pumps shall
ASTM A48 Class 30. The water passages on bowl sizes 6” through 16” not exceed 5’ in length.
shall be lined with porcelain enamel or fusion epoxy lined to reduce
friction loss, shall be free of blow holes, sand holes and other detrimental Discharge Head: The discharge head shall be of close grain, cast iron,
defects, and shall be accurately machined and fitted. The impellers shall ASTM A48 class 30, free of sand holes and other defects, accurately
be of bronze (enclosed or semi-open) and dynamically balanced. machined and with a surface discharge. Discharge flange shall be
Impellers through 16” shall be securly fastened to the shaft with taper split machined and drilled to ANSI standards for 125 lb. rating and shall be
bushings of steel. Larger sizes shall be double-keyed. Impellers shall be __________ inches nominal inside diameter. The top of the discharge
adjusted vertically by an external means. head shall have a rabbet fit to accurately locate the vertical hollow shaft
driver, and have a diameter equal to the drive base diameter (BD) and less
The pump shaft shall be of A582 grade 416 stainless steel, turned, ground than __________ inches.
and polished. It shall be supported by bronze bearings above and below
each impeller. The suction case bearing shall be grease lubricated and The standard cast iron stuffing box shall be rated for 125 PSI discharge
protected by a bronze sand collar. The size of the shaft shall be no less pressure and shall be fitted with graphite acrylic packing. It shall have a
than that determined by ANSI/AWWA Specifications E101, Section A4.3 lantern ring or grease chamber placed as required below the top packing
paragraph 4.3.3. ring. Throttle bearing shall be bronze with stainless steel bolting and with
brass or stainless steel adjusting nuts. Sealing between the stuffing box
Suction Pipe & Strainer: The suction pipe shall be 10’ in length and and the discharge head shall be accomplished by means of an o-ring.
of a size and weight at least equal to the outer column. A galvanized cone
type strainer shall be provided having a net inlet area equal to at least four If the discharge pressure exceeds 125 PSI, a high pressure bypass style
times the suction pipe area. The maximum opening size shall not be more packing box shall be supplied with a minimum of six rings of packing and
than 75 percent on the minimum opening of the water passage through the two lantern rings and a bypass to sump.
bowl and impeller.
If the setting is greater than 50’ and a non-pressure discharge, the pump
shall be fitted with lubricated assembly consisting of galvanized steel tank
Column Assembly: The lineshafts shall be of carbon steel ASTM
and fittings with manual valve to lubricate the lineshaft bearings prior to
A108 grade C1045 with 300 series stainless steel sleeves spaced at 10’
startup. If pumping into a pressurized system, a __________ inch solenoid
intervals for 1800 RPM and 5’ for 2200 RPM and over, turned and ground.
prelube valve shall be supplied for __________ volts, 50 or 60 hertz, and
They shall be furnished in inter-changeable sections not over __________
the motor starter shall be fitted with a time delay relay to open prior to
feet in length.
pump startup.
A unit which requires a mechanical seal shall have a housing bolted to the
head with an o-ring seal. The housing shall have a lower bronze throttle
bushing. The housing seal chamber shall accommodate a single sleeved
(balanced/unbalanced) mechanical seal suitable for the maximum pressure
developed by the pump of __________ PSI and temperature
exceed the axial clearance of the impellers in the pump bowls. Maximum
runout in 10’ shall not exceed 0.005”. __________°F maximum. Seal materials shall be compatible with the
liquid pumped. A balanced seal shall be mounted on a shaft sleeve. The
shaft supplied shall be one-piece bowl, line and head-shaft where practical
The lineshafts shall be provided with ASTM A269 grade 304 stainless
steel threaded sleeves at the location of each lineshaft bearing. The use of of 416 stainless steel material.
glues or any other means of securing the sleeve to the shaft, that is not
The top lineshaft shall be of ASTM A582 grade 416 stainless steel and
field replaceable without the use of heat or special tools is not acceptable.
The lineshaft bearing shall be of 70 minimum shore hardness, neoprene, shall not exceed 126” in length. Impeller adjustment shall be provided at
snap-in type, internally sprial grooved to flush out sand and other the top of the headshaft by means of adjusting nut which shall be
positively locked in position.
abrasives, mounted inside bronze bearing retainers held in position in the
column pipe. Bearing spacing shall not exceed 10’ for 1800 RPM of 5’ for
2200 RPM and above. Motor: The electric motor shall be vertical hollow shaft __________
RPM., three phase (50 or 60 Hz) __________ volts with a non-reverse
The outer column shall be either flanged or threaded of ASTM A53 grade ratchet, P-base, squirrel cage induction design. Enclosure shall meet
B steel pipe of ASTM A120 interchangable sections not over 10’ in length NEMA weather protected type type 1 design with stainless steel screens to
for 2200 RPM and over with the ends of each section faced parallel and prevent entrance of rodents. Motor shall have Class B or Class F
machined. Threaded will have 8 straight threads per inch permitting the insulation with temperature rise as specified by NEMA standards for class
end to butt and insuring alignment when connected by standard mill steel insulation used and shall have a 1.15 service factor.
coupling. Flanged will be machined to accept bearing retainer in such a
way as not to allow any movement of retainer after flanges are bolted Thrust bearing shall be chosen to handle the continuous down thrust as
securely together and to implement proper sealing of the column. The specified by the pump manufacturer with an AFBMA B-10 one-year
weight of the column pipe shall be no less than that stated in minimum or five year average life under design conditions. Provisions
ANSI/AWWA Specification E101, Section 5.1 “Standard Specifications shall be made for momentary upthrust equal to 30 percent of rated down
for Discharge Column Pipe.” The column size shall be such that friction thrust. The motor rating shall be such that at design it will not be loaded
loss will not exceed 5’ or 100’, based on the rated capacity of the pump. If beyond nameplate rating and at no place on the pump curve shall the
possible, the column size shall be such also be such as to provide a loading exceed the service factor.
velocity of not less than 5 feet per second at the rated capacity.
2
DEEP WELL VERTICAL TURBINE SECTIONAL DRAWING
Item Item
Number Number
5
DEEP WELL ENCLOSED LINESHAFT VERTICAL TURBINE
BOWL IMPELLER
STRAINER BOWL W/R
LINESHAFT PACKING
PUMP
TYPE DISCHARGE HEAD
SUCTION DISCHARGE
LINESHAFT COLUMN
LUBRICATION MODEL
STAGE GPM
TDH TRIM
RPM BHP
MOTOR
MAKE TYPE
ENCLOSURE NRR
SRC HP
RPM PHASE
HERTZ VOLTAGE
CUSTOMER
ADDRESS
CITY ST ZIP
TEL. ( ) FAX. ( )
REP.
SUPPLIER
SALESMAN
Sales & Marketing:

Manufacturing:
Phone:
Fax:
6
Vertical Turbine
Short Set
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
PRODUCT BULLETIN
MODEL SHORT-SET CAST IRON
HEAD VERTICAL TURBINE
INDUSTRIAL
Cargo Transfer
Short-Set Cast Iron Head Vertical Turbines
HVAC, Booster, Supply Water,

COMMERCIAL
CONSTRUCTION
Cooling Tower
PART


Filter Backwash, Circulation

MUNICIPAL
PUMPING CONDITIONS:
Fluid to be Pumped:
Maximum RPM:

Viscosity (SSU):
Specific Gravity:
PRODUCT BULLETIN

Temperature (°F):
1
MODEL SHORT SET CAST IRON VT SPECIFICATIONS
Bowl Assembly: The pump bowls shall be of close grained, cast iron the pump. If possible, the column size shall be such also be such as to
ASTM A48 Class 30. The water passages on bowl sizes 6” through 16” provide a velocity of not less than 5 feet per second at the rated capacity.
friction loss, shall be free of blow holes, sand holes and other detrimental Top and bottom sections of column pipe on product lubricated pumps shall
defects, and shall be accurately machined and fitted. The impellers shall not exceed 5’ in length.
be of bronze (enclosed or semi-open) and dynamically balanced.
Impellers through 16” shall be securly fastened to the shaft with taper split Discharge Head: The discharge head shall be of close grain, cast iron,
bushings of steel. Larger sizes shall be double-keyed. Impellers shall be ASTM A48 class 30, free of sand holes and other defects, accurately
adjusted vertically by an external means. machined and with a surface discharge. Discharge flange shall be
machined and drilled to ANSI standards for 125 lb. rating and shall be
The pump shaft shall be of A582 grade 416 stainless steel, turned, ground __________ inches nominal inside diameter. The top of the discharge
and polished. It shall be supported by bronze bearings above and below head shall have a rabbet fit to accurately locate the vertical hollow shaft
each impeller. The suction case bearing shall be grease lubricated and driver, and have a diameter equal to the drive base diameter (BD) and less
protected by a bronze sand collar. The size of the shaft shall be no less than __________ inches.
than that determined by ANSI/AWWA Specifications E101, Section A4.3
paragraph 4.3.3. The standard cast iron stuffing box shall be rated for 125 PSI discharge
pressure and shall be fitted with graphite acrylic packing. It shall have a
Strainer: A __________ basket type clip-on strainer shall be provided lantern ring or grease chamber placed as required below the top packing
having a net inlet area equal to at least four times the suction pipe area. ring. Throttle bearing shall be bronze with stainless steel bolting and with
The maximum opening size shall not be more than 75 percent on the brass or stainless steel adjusting nuts. Sealing between the stuffing box
minimum opening of the water passage through the bowl and impeller. and the discharge head shall be accomplished by means of an o-ring.
If the discharge pressure exceeds 125 PSI, a high pressure bypass style
Column Assembly: The lineshafts shall be of __________. They
packing box shall be supplied with a minimum of six rings of packing and
shall be furnished in inter-changeable sections not over __________ feet in
two lantern rings and a bypass to sump.
length.
exceed the axial clearance of the impellers in the pump bowls. Maximum __________°F maximum. Seal materials shall be compatible with the
liquid pumped. A balanced seal shall be mounted on a shaft sleeve. The
runout in 10’ shall not exceed 0.005”.
The lineshafts shall be provided with ASTM A269 grade 304 stainless of 416 stainless steel material.
steel threaded sleeves at the location of each lineshaft bearing. The use of
glues or any other means of securing the sleeve to the shaft, that is not The top lineshaft can be of _________ and shall not exceed 10’ in length
field replaceable without the use of heat or special tools is not acceptable. and can be equipped with a 304 stainless steel threaded replacement sleeve
locked in place by a lineshaft coupling for packing wear area. Impeller
The lineshaft bearing shall be of 70 minimum shore hardness, neoprene,
snap-in type, internally sprial grooved to flush out sand and other adjustment shall be provided at the top of the headshaft by means of
abrasives, mounted inside bronze bearing retainers held in position in the adjusting nut which shall be positively locked in position. The headshaft
shall also be __________ and shall be connected to the top lineshaft
2200 RPM and above. beneath the motor to facilitate ease of assembly and maintenance.
The outer column pipe shall be 5” and larger of ASTM A53 grade B steel Motor: The electric motor shall be vertical hollow shaft __________
pipe of ASTM A120 in interchangable sections not over 10’ in length for RPM., three phase (50 or 60 Hz) __________ volts with a non-reverse
1800 RPM and 5’ in length for 2200 RPM and above. ratchet, P-base, squirrel cage induction design. Enclosure shall meet
NEMA weather protected type type 1 design with stainless steel screens to
THREADED: The ends of each section faced parallel and machined with prevent entrance of rodents. Motor shall have Class B or Class F
8 straight threads per inch permitting the end to butt and insuring insulation with temperature rise as specified by NEMA standards for class
alignment when connected by standard mill steel coupling. insulation used and shall have a 1.15 service factor.
FLANGED: The column assembly shall be flanged and machined to Thrust bearing shall be chosen to handle the continuous down thrust as
accept bearing retainer in such a way as not to allow any movement of specified by the pump manufacturer with an AFBMA B-10 one-year
retainer after flanges are bolted securely together and to implement proper minimum or five year average life under design conditions. Provisions
sealing of the column. The weight of the column pipe shall be no less than shall be made for momentary upthrust equal to 30 percent of rated down
that stated in ANSI/AWWA Specification E101, Section 5.1 “Standard thrust. The motor rating shall be such that at design it will not be loaded
Specifications for Discharge Column Pipe.” The column size shall be such beyond nameplate rating and at no place on the pump curve shall the
that friction loss will not exceed 5’ or 100’, based on the rated capacity of loading exceed the service factor.
2
SHORT SET VERTICAL TURBINE SECTIONAL DRAWING
Item Item
Number Number
5
SHORT SET CAST IRON HEAD VERTICAL TURBINE
BOWL IMPELLER
STRAINER BOWL W/R
LINESHAFT PACKING
PUMP
TYPE DISCHARGE HEAD
SUCTION DISCHARGE
LINESHAFT COLUMN
LUBRICATION MODEL
STAGE GPM
TDH TRIM
RPM BHP
MOTOR
MAKE TYPE
ENCLOSURE NRR
SRC HP
RPM PHASE
HERTZ VOLTAGE
CUSTOMER
ADDRESS
CITY ST ZIP
TEL. ( ) FAX. ( )
REP.
SUPPLIER
SALESMAN
Sales & Marketing:

Manufacturing:
Phone:
Fax:
6
PRODUCT BULLETIN
MODEL SHORT-SET FABRICATED
HEAD VERTICAL TURBINE
INDUSTRIAL
Cargo Transfer
Short-Set Fabricated Head Vertical Turbines

COMMERCIAL
Cooling Tower
CONSTRUCTION



Discharge Column Cast Iron Cast Iron Cast Iron
MUNICIPAL
Discharge Head BRONZE FITTED ALL IRON ALL BRONZE
PUMPING CONDITIONS:
Fluid to be Pumped:

Maximum RPM:
PRODUCT BULLETIN

Viscosity (SSU):
Specific Gravity:
Temperature (°F):
1
MODEL SHORT SET FABRICATED HEAD VT SPECIFICATIONS
Bowl Assembly: The pump bowls shall be of close grained, cast iron the pump. If possible, the column size shall be such also be such as to
ASTM A48 Class 30. The water passages on bowl sizes 6” through 16” provide a velocity of not less than 5 feet per second at the rated capacity.
friction loss, shall be free of blow holes, sand holes and other detrimental Top and bottom sections of column pipe on product lubricated pumps shall
defects, and shall be accurately machined and fitted. The impellers shall not exceed 5’ in length.
Impellers through 16” shall be securly fastened to the shaft with taper split Discharge Head: The discharge head shall be of Schedule 40
bushings of steel. Larger sizes shall be double-keyed. Impellers shall be fabricated steel, free from defects, accurately machined and with a surface
adjusted vertically by an external means. discharge. Discharge flange shall be machined and drilled to ANSI
standards for __________ pounds rating faced shall be __________ inches
The pump shaft shall be of A582 grade 416 stainless steel, turned, ground nominal inside diameter. The top of the discharge head shall have a rabbet
and polished. It shall be supported by bronze bearings above and below fit to accurately locate the vertical hollow shaft driver, and have a diameter
each impeller. The suction case bearing shall be grease lubricated and equal to the driver base diameter (BD) and less than __________ inches.
protected by a bronze sand collar. The size of the shaft shall be no less
than that determined by ANSI/AWWA Specifications E101, Section A4.3 The standard cast iron stuffing box shall be rated for 125 PSI discharge
paragraph 4.3.3. pressure and shall be fitted with graphite acrylic packing. It shall have a
lantern ring or grease chamber placed as required below the top packing
Strainer: A __________ basket type clip-on strainer shall be provided ring. Throttle bearing shall be bronze with stainless steel bolting and with
having a net inlet area equal to at least four times the suction pipe area. brass or stainless steel adjusting nuts. Sealing between the stuffing box
The maximum opening size shall not be more than 75 percent on the and the discharge head shall be accomplished by means of an o-ring.
minimum opening of the water passage through the bowl and impeller.
Column Assembly: The lineshafts shall be of __________. They
two lantern rings and a bypass to sump.
shall be furnished in inter-changeable sections not over __________ feet in
length.
lineshaft and shall be such that elongation due to hydraulic thrust will not __________°F maximum. Seal materials shall be compatible with the
exceed the axial clearance of the impellers in the pump bowls. Maximum liquid pumped. A balanced seal shall be mounted on a shaft sleeve. The
runout in 10’ shall not exceed 0.005”.
of 416 stainless steel material.
The lineshafts shall be provided with ASTM A269 grade 304 stainless
The top lineshaft can be of _________ and shall not exceed 10’ in length
steel threaded sleeves at the location of each lineshaft bearing. The use of
glues or any other means of securing the sleeve to the shaft, that is not and can be equipped with a 304 stainless steel threaded replacement sleeve
field replaceable without the use of heat or special tools is not acceptable. locked in place by a lineshaft coupling for packing wear area. Impeller
adjustment shall be provided at the top of the headshaft by means of
snap-in type, internally sprial grooved to flush out sand and other adjusting nut which shall be positively locked in position. The headshaft
abrasives, mounted inside bronze bearing retainers held in position in the shall also be __________ and shall be connected to the top lineshaft
beneath the motor to facilitate ease of assembly and maintenance.
2200 RPM and above.
Motor: The electric motor shall be vertical hollow shaft __________
The outer column pipe shall be 5” and larger of ASTM A53 grade B steel RPM., three phase (50 or 60 Hz) __________ volts with a non-reverse
pipe of ASTM A120 in interchangable sections not over 10’ in length for ratchet, P-base, squirrel cage induction design. Enclosure shall meet
1800 RPM and 5’ in length for 2200 RPM and above. NEMA weather protected type type 1 design with stainless steel screens to
prevent entrance of rodents. Motor shall have Class B or Class F
THREADED: The ends of each section faced parallel and machined with insulation with temperature rise as specified by NEMA standards for class
8 straight threads per inch permitting the end to butt and insuring insulation used and shall have a 1.15 service factor.
alignment when connected by standard mill steel coupling.
Thrust bearing shall be chosen to handle the continuous down thrust as
FLANGED: The column assembly shall be flanged and machined to specified by the pump manufacturer with an AFBMA B-10 one-year
accept bearing retainer in such a way as not to allow any movement of minimum or five year average life under design conditions. Provisions
retainer after flanges are bolted securely together and to implement proper shall be made for momentary upthrust equal to 30 percent of rated down
sealing of the column. The weight of the column pipe shall be no less than thrust. The motor rating shall be such that at design it will not be loaded
that stated in ANSI/AWWA Specification E101, Section 5.1 “Standard beyond nameplate rating and at no place on the pump curve shall the
Specifications for Discharge Column Pipe.” The column size shall be such loading exceed the service factor.
that friction loss will not exceed 5’ or 100’, based on the rated capacity of
2
SHORT SET VERTICAL TURBINE SECTIONAL DRAWING
Item Item
Number Number
5
SHORT SET FABRICATED HEAD VERTICAL TURBINE
BOWL IMPELLER
STRAINER BOWL W/R
LINESHAFT PACKING
PUMP
TYPE DISCHARGE HEAD
SUCTION DISCHARGE
LINESHAFT COLUMN
LUBRICATION MODEL
STAGE GPM
TDH TRIM
RPM BHP
MOTOR
MAKE TYPE
ENCLOSURE NRR
SRC HP
RPM PHASE
HERTZ VOLTAGE
CUSTOMER
ADDRESS
CITY ST ZIP
TEL. ( ) FAX. ( )
REP.
SUPPLIER
SALESMAN
Sales & Marketing:

Manufacturing:
Phone:
Fax:
6
Vertical Turbine
Can
PRODUCT BULLETIN
MODEL SHORT-SET CAN WITH CAST
IRON HEAD VERTICAL TURBINE
INDUSTRIAL
Cargo Transfer
Short Set Can With Cast Iron Head Vertical Turbines
HVAC, Booster, Supply Water

COMMERCIAL
CONSTRUCTION



MUNICIPAL
PUMPING CONDITIONS:
Fluid to be Pumped:
Maximum RPM:

Viscosity (SSU):
Specific Gravity:
PRODUCT BULLETIN

Temperature (°F):
1
MODEL SHORT SET CAN WITH CAST IRON HEAD VT SPECIFICATIONS
Bowl Assembly: The pump bowls shall be of close grained, cast iron barrel. Discharge flange shall be machined and drilled to ANSI standards
ASTM A48 Class 30. The water passages on bowl sizes 6” through 16” for 125 lb. rating flat faced and shall be __________ inches nominal inside
shall be lined with porcelain enamel or fusion epoxy lined to reduce diameter. The top of the discharge head shall have a rabbet fit to
friction loss, shall be free of blow holes, sand holes and other detrimental accurately locate the vertical hollow shaft driver, and have a diameter
defects, and shall be accurately machined and fitted. The impellers shall equal to the drive base diameter (BD) and less than __________ inches.
Impellers through 16” shall be securly fastened to the shaft with taper split Stiffing Box: The seal arrangement provided shall be one of the
bushings of steel. Larger sizes shall be double-keyed. Impellers shall be following (packing or mechanical seal):
adjusted vertically by an external means.
The standard cast iron stuffing box shall be rated for 125 PSI discharge
The pump shaft shall be of A582 grade 416 stainless steel, turned, ground pressure and shall be fitted with graphite acrylic packing. It shall have a
and polished. It shall be supported by bronze bearings above and below lantern ring or grease chamber placed as required below the top packing
each impeller. The suction case bearing shall be grease lubricated and ring. Throttle bearing shall be bronze with stainless steel bolting and with
protected by a bronze sand collar. The size of the shaft shall be no less brass or stainless steel adjusting nuts. Sealing between the stuffing box
than that determined by ANSI/AWWA Specifications E101, Section A4.3 and the discharge head shall be accomplished by means of an o-ring.
paragraph 4.3.3.
Column Assembly: The butting faces shall be machined square to the packing box shall be supplied with a minimum of six rings of packing and
axis of the shaft, with maximum permissable axial misalignment on the two lantern rings and a bypass to sump.
thread axis with the shaft axis 0.002” in 6”. The size of the shaft shall be
no less than that determined by ANSI/AWWA-E101 Specifications A unit which requires a mechanical seal shall have a housing bolted to the
Section 5.5 for C1045 lineshaft and shall be such that elongation due to head with an o-ring seal. The housing shall have a lower bronze throttle
hydraulic thrust will not exceed the axial clearance of the impellers in the bushing. The housing seal chamber shall accommodate a single sleeved
pump bowls. Maximum runout in 10’ shall not exceed 0.005”. (balanced/unbalanced) mechanical seal suitable for the maximum pressure
The lineshafts shall be provided with ASTM A269 grade 304 stainless __________°F maximum. Seal materials shall be compatible with the
steel threaded sleeves at the location of each lineshaft bearing. The use of liquid pumped. A balanced seal shall be mounted on a shaft sleeve. The
glues or any other means of securing the sleeve to the shaft, that is not shaft supplied shall be one-piece bowl, line and head-shaft where practical
field replaceable without the use of heat or special tools is not acceptable. of 416 stainless steel material.
snap-in type, internally sprial grooved to flush out sand and other Motor: The electric motor shall be vertical hollow shaft __________
abrasives, mounted inside bronze bearing retainers held in position in the RPM., three phase (50 or 60 Hz) __________ volts with a non-reverse
column pipe. Bearing spacing shall not exceed 10’ for 1800 RPM of 5’ for ratchet, P-base, squirrel cage induction design. Enclosure shall meet
2200 RPM and above. NEMA weather protected type type 1 design with stainless steel screens to
prevent entrance of rodents. Motor shall have Class B or Class F
The outer column pipe shall be 5” and larger of ASTM A53 grade B steel insulation with temperature rise as specified by NEMA standards for class
pipe of ASTM A120 in interchangable sections not over 10’ in length for insulation used and shall have a 1.15 service factor.
1800 RPM and 5’ in length for 2200 RPM and above.
Thrust bearing shall be chosen to handle the continuous down thrust as
THREADED: The ends of each section faced parallel and machined with specified by the pump manufacturer with an AFBMA B-10 one-year
8 straight threads per inch permitting the end to butt and insuring minimum or five year average life under design conditions. Provisions
alignment when connected by standard mill steel coupling. shall be made for momentary upthrust equal to 30 percent of rated down
thrust. The motor rating shall be such that at design it will not be loaded
FLANGED: The column assembly shall be flanged and machined to beyond nameplate rating and at no place on the pump curve shall the
accept bearing retainer in such a way as not to allow any movement of loading exceed the service factor.
retainer after flanges are bolted securely together and to implement proper
sealing of the column. The weight of the column pipe shall be no less than
that stated in ANSI/AWWA Specification E101, Section 5.1 “Standard
Suction Barrel: The unit shall be supplied with a fabricated steel
Specifications for Discharge Column Pipe.” The column size shall be such suction barrel. The barrel shall be capable of containing the maximum
suction pressure supplied to the suction flange. The bottom end of the
the pump. If possible, the column size shall be such also be such as to suction barrel shall be supplied with a welded plate cap dor water service.
provide a velocity of not less than 5 feet per second at the rated capacity. A weld cap shall be supplied for all hydrocarbon service applications.
Top and bottom sections of column pipe on product lubricated pumps shall The barrel shall be equipped with a square base plate which shall be
not exceed 5’ in length. machined and tapped to match the discharge head base flange supplied.
The base shall be drilled to allow the barrel to be secured in place with
anchor bolts. Barrel shall be supplied with proper gasket or o-ringh and
Discharge Head: The discharge head shall be of close grain, cast iron, bolting for application to seal between the barrel flange and the head base
ASTM A48 class 30, free of sand holes and other defects, accurately flange.
machined and with a surface discharge. The base of head should be also
machined to an ANSI 125 lb. rating to match the flange on top of the
2
SHORT SET CAN WITH CAST IRON HEAD SECTIONAL DRAWING
Item Item
Number Number
5
SHORT SET CAN WITH CAST IRON HEAD VERTICAL TURBINE
BOWL IMPELLER
STRAINER BOWL W/R
LINESHAFT PACKING
PUMP
TYPE DISCHARGE HEAD
SUCTION DISCHARGE
LINESHAFT COLUMN
LUBRICATION MODEL
STAGE GPM
TDH TRIM
RPM BHP
MOTOR
MAKE TYPE
ENCLOSURE NRR
SRC HP
RPM PHASE
HERTZ VOLTAGE
CUSTOMER
ADDRESS
CITY ST ZIP
TEL. ( ) FAX. ( )
REP.
SUPPLIER
SALESMAN
Sales & Marketing:

Manufacturing:
Phone:
Fax:
6
PRODUCT BULLETIN
MODEL SHORT-SET CAN WITH
FABRICATED STEEL HEAD
VERTICAL TURBINE
INDUSTRIAL
Cargo Transfer
Short Set Can With Fabricated Steel Head Vertical Turbines
HVAC, Booster, Supply Water

COMMERCIAL
CONSTRUCTION



MUNICIPAL
PUMPING CONDITIONS:
Fluid to be Pumped:
Maximum RPM:

Viscosity (SSU):
Specific Gravity:
PRODUCT BULLETIN

Temperature (°F):
1
MODEL SHORT SET CAN WITH FABRICATED STEEL HEAD VT SPECIFICATIONS
Bowl Assembly: The pump bowls shall be of close grained, cast iron standards for __________ pounds rating faced shall be __________ inches
ASTM A48 Class 30. The water passages on bowl sizes 6” through 16” nominal inside diameter. The top of the discharge head shall have a rabbet
shall be lined with porcelain enamel or fusion epoxy lined to reduce fit to accurately locate the vertical hollow shaft driver, and have a diameter
friction loss, shall be free of blow holes, sand holes and other detrimental equal to the driver base diameter (BD) and less than __________ inches.
defects, and shall be accurately machined and fitted. The impellers shall
be of bronze (enclosed or semi-open) and dynamically balanced. Stuffing Box: The seal arrangement provided shall be one of the
Impellers through 16” shall be securly fastened to the shaft with taper split following (packing or mechanical seal):
bushings of steel. Larger sizes shall be double-keyed. Impellers shall be
adjusted vertically by an external means. The standard cast iron stuffing box shall be rated for 125 PSI discharge
pressure and shall be fitted with graphite acrylic packing. It shall have a
The pump shaft shall be of A582 grade 416 stainless steel, turned, ground lantern ring or grease chamber placed as required below the top packing
and polished. It shall be supported by bronze bearings above and below ring. Throttle bearing shall be bronze with stainless steel bolting and with
each impeller. The suction case bearing shall be grease lubricated and brass or stainless steel adjusting nuts. Sealing between the stuffing box
protected by a bronze sand collar. The size of the shaft shall be no less and the discharge head shall be accomplished by means of an o-ring.
than that determined by ANSI/AWWA Specifications E101, Section A4.3
paragraph 4.3.3. If the discharge pressure exceeds 125 PSI, a high pressure bypass style
Column Assembly: The butting faces shall be machined square to the two lantern rings and a bypass to sump.
axis of the shaft, with maximum permissable axial misalignment on the
thread axis with the shaft axis 0.002” in 6”. The size of the shaft shall be A unit which requires a mechanical seal shall have a housing bolted to the
no less than that determined by ANSI/AWWA-E101 Specifications head with an o-ring seal. The housing shall have a lower bronze throttle
Section 5.5 for C1045 lineshaft and shall be such that elongation due to bushing. The housing seal chamber shall accommodate a single sleeved
hydraulic thrust will not exceed the axial clearance of the impellers in the (balanced/unbalanced) mechanical seal suitable for the maximum pressure
pump bowls. Maximum runout in 10’ shall not exceed 0.005”. developed by the pump of __________ PSI and temperature
__________°F maximum. Seal materials shall be compatible with the
The lineshafts shall be provided with ASTM A269 grade 304 stainless liquid pumped. A balanced seal shall be mounted on a shaft sleeve. The
steel threaded sleeves at the location of each lineshaft bearing. The use of shaft supplied shall be one-piece bowl, line and head-shaft where practical
glues or any other means of securing the sleeve to the shaft, that is not of 416 stainless steel material.
field replaceable without the use of heat or special tools is not acceptable.
The lineshaft bearing shall be of 70 minimum shore hardness, neoprene, Motor: The electric motor shall be vertical hollow shaft __________
snap-in type, internally sprial grooved to flush out sand and other RPM., three phase (50 or 60 Hz) __________ volts with a non-reverse
abrasives, mounted inside bronze bearing retainers held in position in the ratchet, P-base, squirrel cage induction design. Enclosure shall meet
column pipe. Bearing spacing shall not exceed 10’ for 1800 RPM of 5’ for NEMA weather protected type type 1 design with stainless steel screens to
2200 RPM and above. prevent entrance of rodents. Motor shall have Class B or Class F
insulation with temperature rise as specified by NEMA standards for class
The outer column pipe shall be 5” and larger of ASTM A53 grade B steel insulation used and shall have a 1.15 service factor.
pipe of ASTM A120 in interchangable sections not over 10’ in length for
1800 RPM and 5’ in length for 2200 RPM and above. Thrust bearing shall be chosen to handle the continuous down thrust as
specified by the pump manufacturer with an AFBMA B-10 one-year
THREADED: The ends of each section faced parallel and machined with minimum or five year average life under design conditions. Provisions
8 straight threads per inch permitting the end to butt and insuring shall be made for momentary upthrust equal to 30 percent of rated down
alignment when connected by standard mill steel coupling. thrust. The motor rating shall be such that at design it will not be loaded
beyond nameplate rating and at no place on the pump curve shall the
FLANGED: The column assembly shall be flanged and machined to loading exceed the service factor.
accept bearing retainer in such a way as not to allow any movement of
retainer after flanges are bolted securely together and to implement proper
sealing of the column. The weight of the column pipe shall be no less than
that stated in ANSI/AWWA Specification E101, Section 5.1 “Standard suction barrel. The barrel shall be capable of containing the maximum
Specifications for Discharge Column Pipe.” The column size shall be such suction pressure supplied to the suction flange. The bottom end of the
suction barrel shall be supplied with a welded plate cap dor water service.
the pump. If possible, the column size shall be such also be such as to A weld cap shall be supplied for all hydrocarbon service applications.
provide a velocity of not less than 5 feet per second at the rated capacity.
The barrel shall be equipped with a square base plate which shall be
Top and bottom sections of column pipe on product lubricated pumps shall machined and tapped to match the discharge head base flange supplied.
not exceed 5’ in length. The base shall be drilled to allow the barrel to be secured in place with
anchor bolts. Barrel shall be supplied with proper gasket or o-ringh and
bolting for application to seal between the barrel flange and the head base
Discharge Head: The discharge head shall be of Schedule 40 flange.
fabricated steel, free from defects, accurately machined and with a surface
discharge. Discharge flange shall be machined and drilled to ANSI
2
SHORT SET CAN WITH FABRICATED STEEL HEAD SECTIONAL DRAWING
Item Item
Number Number
5
SHORT SET CAN WITH FABRICATED STEEL HEAD VERTICAL TURBINE
BOWL IMPELLER
STRAINER BOWL W/R
LINESHAFT PACKING
PUMP
TYPE DISCHARGE HEAD
SUCTION DISCHARGE
LINESHAFT COLUMN
LUBRICATION MODEL
STAGE GPM
TDH TRIM
RPM BHP
MOTOR
MAKE TYPE
ENCLOSURE NRR
SRC HP
RPM PHASE
HERTZ VOLTAGE
CUSTOMER
ADDRESS
CITY ST ZIP
TEL. ( ) FAX. ( )
REP.
SUPPLIER
SALESMAN
Sales & Marketing:

Manufacturing:
Phone:
Fax:
PRODUCT BULLETIN
MODEL SHORT-SET “T” CAN WITH
FABRICATED STEEL HEAD
VERTICAL TURBINE
INDUSTRIAL
Cargo Transfer
Short Set “T” Can With Fabricated Steel Head Vertical Turbines

COMMERCIAL
Cooling Tower
CONSTRUCTION



PUMPING CONDITIONS: MUNICIPAL
Fluid to be Pumped:
Maximum RPM:
Viscosity (SSU):
PRODUCT BULLETIN
Specific Gravity:
Temperature (°F):
1
MODEL SHORT SET “T” CAN WITH FABRICATED STEEL HEAD VT SPECIFICATIONS
Bowl Assembly: The pump bowls shall be of close grained, cast iron pressure ratings must be specified for higher operating pressures. A ¼”
ASTM A48 Class 30. The water passages on bowl sizes 6” through 16” NPT pressure gauge connection shall be supplied on suction and discharge
shall be lined with porcelain enamel or fusion epoxy lined to reduce pipes. A ¾” NPT barrel vent shall be located on the outer casing of the
friction loss, shall be free of blow holes, sand holes and other detrimental discharge head.
defects, and shall be accurately machined and fitted. The impellers shall
be of bronze (enclosed or semi-open) and dynamically balanced. The discharge head shall be supplied with adequate integral motor stand
Impellers through 16” shall be securly fastened to the shaft with taper split height to accept seal arrangement required and adjustable flanged or spacer
bushings of steel. Larger sizes shall be double-keyed. Impellers shall be coupling.
adjusted vertically by an external means.
Stuffing Box: The seal arrangement provided shall be one of the
The pump shaft shall be of A582 grade 416 stainless steel, turned, ground following (packing or mechanical seal):
and polished. It shall be supported by bronze bearings above and below
each impeller. The suction case bearing shall be grease lubricated and The standard cast iron stuffing box shall be rated for 125 PSI discharge
protected by a bronze sand collar. The size of the shaft shall be no less pressure and shall be fitted with graphite acrylic packing. It shall have a
than that determined by ANSI/AWWA Specifications E101, Section A4.3 lantern ring or grease chamber placed as required below the top packing
paragraph 4.3.3. ring. Throttle bearing shall be bronze with stainless steel bolting and with
brass or stainless steel adjusting nuts. Sealing between the stuffing box
Column Assembly: The butting faces shall be machined square to the and the discharge head shall be accomplished by means of an o-ring.
axis of the shaft, with maximum permissable axial misalignment on the
thread axis with the shaft axis 0.002” in 6”. The size of the shaft shall be If the discharge pressure exceeds 125 PSI, a high pressure bypass style
no less than that determined by ANSI/AWWA-E101 Specifications packing box shall be supplied with a minimum of six rings of packing and
Section 5.5 for C1045 lineshaft and shall be such that elongation due to two lantern rings and a bypass to sump.
hydraulic thrust will not exceed the axial clearance of the impellers in the
pump bowls. Maximum runout in 10’ shall not exceed 0.005”. A unit which requires a mechanical seal shall have a housing bolted to the
The lineshafts shall be provided with ASTM A269 grade 304 stainless bushing. The housing seal chamber shall accommodate a single sleeved
steel threaded sleeves at the location of each lineshaft bearing. The use of (balanced/unbalanced) mechanical seal suitable for the maximum pressure
glues or any other means of securing the sleeve to the shaft, that is not developed by the pump of __________ PSI and temperature
field replaceable without the use of heat or special tools is not acceptable. __________°F maximum. Seal materials shall be compatible with the
The lineshaft bearing shall be of 70 minimum shore hardness, neoprene, liquid pumped. A balanced seal shall be mounted on a shaft sleeve. The
snap-in type, internally sprial grooved to flush out sand and other shaft supplied shall be one-piece bowl, line and head-shaft where practical
abrasives, mounted inside bronze bearing retainers held in position in the of 416 stainless steel material.
2200 RPM and above. Motor: The electric motor shall be vertical hollow shaft __________
RPM., three phase (50 or 60 Hz) __________ volts with a non-reverse
The outer column pipe shall be 5” and larger of ASTM A53 grade B steel ratchet, P-base, squirrel cage induction design. Enclosure shall meet
pipe of ASTM A120 in interchangable sections not over 10’ in length for NEMA weather protected type type 1 design with stainless steel screens to
1800 RPM and 5’ in length for 2200 RPM and above. prevent entrance of rodents. Motor shall have Class B or Class F
insulation with temperature rise as specified by NEMA standards for class
THREADED: The ends of each section faced parallel and machined with insulation used and shall have a 1.15 service factor.
8 straight threads per inch permitting the end to butt and insuring
alignment when connected by standard mill steel coupling. Thrust bearing shall be chosen to handle the continuous down thrust as
specified by the pump manufacturer with an AFBMA B-10 one-year
FLANGED: The column assembly shall be flanged and machined to minimum or five year average life under design conditions. Provisions
accept bearing retainer in such a way as not to allow any movement of shall be made for momentary upthrust equal to 30 percent of rated down
retainer after flanges are bolted securely together and to implement proper thrust. The motor rating shall be such that at design it will not be loaded
sealing of the column. The weight of the column pipe shall be no less than beyond nameplate rating and at no place on the pump curve shall the
that stated in ANSI/AWWA Specification E101, Section 5.1 “Standard loading exceed the service factor.
Specifications for Discharge Column Pipe.” The column size shall be such
the pump. If possible, the column size shall be such also be such as to
provide a velocity of not less than 5 feet per second at the rated capacity. suction barrel. The barrel shall be capable of containing the maximum
suction pressure supplied to the suction flange. The bottom end of the
Top and bottom sections of column pipe on product lubricated pumps shall suction barrel shall be supplied with a welded plate cap dor water service.
not exceed 5’ in length. A weld cap shall be supplied for all hydrocarbon service applications.
The barrel shall be equipped with a square base plate which shall be
Discharge Head: The discharge head shall be fabricated of carbon machined and tapped to match the discharge head base flange supplied.
steel materials using ASTM A181 flanges, ASTM A53 grade B body pipe The base shall be drilled to allow the barrel to be secured in place with
and ASTM A36 steel plate with the suction and discharge flanges inline anchor bolts. Barrel shall be supplied with proper gasket or o-ringh and
with each other and located 180° apart, or as specified. Discharge head bolting for application to seal between the barrel flange and the head base
shall be capable of containing maximum pressure developed by pump plus flange.
suction pressure. The suction and discharge flanges shall be 150 lb. ANSI
raised face flanges with bolt holes straddling discharge centerline. Flange
2
SHORT SET “T” CAN WITH FABRICATED STEEL HEAD SECTIONAL DRAWING
Item Item
Number Number
5
SHORT SET “T” CAN WITH FABRICATED STEEL HEAD VERTICAL TURBINE
BOWL IMPELLER
STRAINER BOWL W/R
LINESHAFT PACKING
PUMP
TYPE DISCHARGE HEAD
SUCTION DISCHARGE
LINESHAFT COLUMN
LUBRICATION MODEL
STAGE GPM
TDH TRIM
RPM BHP
MOTOR
MAKE TYPE
ENCLOSURE NRR
SRC HP
RPM PHASE
HERTZ VOLTAGE
CUSTOMER
ADDRESS
CITY ST ZIP
TEL. ( ) FAX. ( )
REP.
SUPPLIER
SALESMAN
Sales & Marketing:

Manufacturing:
Phone:
Fax:
Vertical Turbine
Submersible
PRODUCT BULLETIN
MODEL SUBMERSIBLE VERTICAL
TURBINE
INDUSTRIAL
Cargo Transfer
Submersible Vertical Turbines

COMMERCIAL
CONSTRUCTION


MUNICIPAL
PUMPING CONDITIONS:
Fluid to be Pumped:
Maximum RPM:

Viscosity (SSU):
Specific Gravity:
PRODUCT BULLETIN

Temperature (°F):
1
MODEL SUBMERSIBLE VT SPECIFICATIONS
Bowl Assembly: The pump bowls shall be of close grained, cast iron not be more than 75% of the minimum opening through the bowl or
ASTM A48 Class 30. The water passages on bowl sizes 6” through 16” impeller.
friction loss, shall be free of blow holes, sand holes and other detrimental Submersible Motor: The electric motor shall be vertical hollow shaft
defects, and shall be accurately machined and fitted. The impellers shall __________ RPM., three phase (50 or 60 Hz) __________ volts with a
be of bronze (enclosed or semi-open) and dynamically balanced. non-reverse ratchet, P-base, squirrel cage induction design. Enclosure
Impellers through 16” shall be securly fastened to the shaft with taper split shall meet NEMA weather protected type type 1 design with stainless steel
bushings of steel. Larger sizes shall be double-keyed. Impellers shall be screens to prevent entrance of rodents. Motor shall have Class B or Class
adjusted vertically by an external means. F insulation with temperature rise as specified by NEMA standards for
class insulation used and shall have a 1.15 service factor.
The pump shaft shall be of A582 grade 416 stainless steel, turned, ground
and polished. It shall be supported by bronze bearings above and below Thrust bearing shall be chosen to handle the continuous down thrust as
each impeller. The suction case bearing shall be grease lubricated and specified by the pump manufacturer with an AFBMA B-10 one-year
protected by a bronze sand collar. The size of the shaft shall be no less minimum or five year average life under design conditions. Provisions
than that determined by ANSI/AWWA Specifications E101, Section A4.3 shall be made for momentary upthrust equal to 30 percent of rated down
paragraph 4.3.3. thrust. The motor rating shall be such that at design it will not be loaded
beyond nameplate rating and at no place on the pump curve shall the
Riser Pipe: The riser pipe shall be sized such that the friction loss wiill loading exceed the service factor.
not exceed 5’ per 100’ based on the rated capacity of the pump. If
possible, the riser pipe should be sized such that the minimum velocity Surface Plate: The surface plate shall be fabricated from carbon steel
will not be less than 5’ per second at the rated capacity. Riser pipe with a flat face base flange to match the well casing flange, short radius
sections shall not exceed __________ in length. The pipe shall be ¾” 90° steel elbow terminating in a 150 pound raised faced steel discharge
tapered (NPT) threaded from material conforming to ASTM A120 or flange. The surface plate shall be fitted with properly sized electrical
ASTM A53 grade 53. junction box to allow for splicing surface cables and well cables. It shall
also be tapped from a well vent and air-line and shall be provided with
Maximum water temperature: 85°° Fahrenheight. lifting lugs of sufficient strength to lift the entire pump and motor
assembly including riser pipe. A short 12”, threaded or flanged, nipple
shall extend below the surface plate for connection to riser pipe.
Minimum flow past the motor: ½ foot per second
Power Cable: The power cable shall be sized such that the voltage drop
Motor Adapter: A motor adapter of close grained ductile iron with will not exceed five percent at the motor rated full load current and
rabbeted fits shall be supplied to connect the submersible motor to the voltage. Cable shall be designed specifically for submersible pump
bowl assembly. It shall include the motor adapter bearing assembly and a service and shall consist of either three single conductors individually
corrosion resistant metal strainer whose free area shall be at least three insulated or three individual conductors individually insulated and the
times the impeller suction eye area. The maximum strainer opening shall whole covered with an outer jacket.
2
OPEN LINESHAFT TURBINE PUMP SECTIONALS
Item Item
Number Number
67 Shaft Coupling 107 Impeller (Semi-Open Type)
84 Water Lubricated Bowl Shaft 108 Taper Lock
90 Water Lubricated Case Bearing 109 Suction Case Assembly (Enclosed Type)
91 Water Lubricated Case Bearing 110 Suction Case Bearing
93 Water Lubricated Case Bearing 111 Suction Case Assembly
94 Sand Cap Set Screws 113 Suction Case End Plug
103 Bowl Assembly (Enclosed Type) 114 Suction Case Sand Cap
104 Bowl Bearing 115 Optional Set Screws for Brass Sand Cap
105 Bowl Assembly (Semi-Open Type) 117 Bowl Assembly Cap Screws
106 Impeller (Enclosed Type)
3
SUBMERSIBLE VERTICAL TURBINE
BOWL IMPELLER
STRAINER BOWL W/R
LINESHAFT PACKING
PUMP
TYPE DISCHARGE HEAD
SUCTION DISCHARGE
LINESHAFT COLUMN
LUBRICATION MODEL
STAGE GPM
TDH TRIM
RPM BHP
MOTOR
MAKE TYPE
ENCLOSURE NRR
SRC HP
RPM PHASE
HERTZ VOLTAGE
CUSTOMER
ADDRESS
CITY ST ZIP
TEL. ( ) FAX. ( )
REP.
SUPPLIER
SALESMAN
Sales & Marketing:

Manufacturing:
Phone:
Fax:
4
Vertical Turbine
Engineering Information
CPS PUMPS 480 Vertical Turbine
11/22/04, Page 1 of 1
480E.1
VERTICAL TURBINE PUMPS
Bowl Unit Efficiency Adjustments
For bowl units with other than (a) polished bronze impellers and (b) enameled or plastic coated iron bowl, reduce the
heads and efficiencies shown on the performance curves by the following values:
CIE c CIE Bronze d Stainless Bowl CIE c CIE Bronze d

CI CI Stainless Steel
Bronze CI Bronze Steel Impeller Bronze CI Bronze
Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Imp. Polishe Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No
3 2 4 6 6 7 9 12 6JCJ 12NC 2 2 3 5 5 7 7 9
3 2 4 6 6 7 9 12 6JCL 12LC 2 2 3 5 5 7 6 9
3 2 4 6 6 7 8 10 6JCM 12GC 2 2 3 5 5 7 6 9
3 2 4 6 6 7 8 10 6JCH 12MC 2 2 3 5 5 7 6 9
3 2 4 6 6 7 8 10 6JCX 12MCE 2 2 3 5 5 7 6 9
3 2 4 6 6 7 8 10 6JCW 12HC 2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9
Basic values shown on performance curves
Basic values shown on performance curves

3 2 4 6 6 7 8 10 6JCY 12XC 2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9
2 2 3 6 5 7 7 9 7MC 12WC 2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9
2 2 3 6 5 7 7 9 7HC 12YC 2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9
2 2 3 6 6 7 7 10 8JC 13MC 2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9
2 2 3 6 6 7 7 10 8LC 14LC 2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9
2 2 3 6 5 7 7 9 8KC 14MC 2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9
2 2 3 5 5 7 7 9 8MC 14HC 2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9
2 2 3 5 5 7 7 9 8EHC 14XC 2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9
2 2 3 5 5 7 7 9 8YC 14WC 2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9
2 2 3 5 5 7 7 9 8WC 14YC 2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9
2 2 3 5 6 7 7 9 10JC 14ZC 2 2 3 5 5 6 5 9
2 2 3 5 5 7 7 9 10KC 15KC 2 2 4 6 4 6 5 7
2 2 3 5 5 7 7 9 10LC 18LC 2 2 4 6 4 6 5 7
2 2 3 5 5 7 7 9 10MC 18MC 2 2 4 6 4 6 5 7
2 2 3 5 5 7 7 9 10HC 18HC 2 2 4 6 4 6 5 7
2 2 3 5 5 7 7 9 10WC 20LC 2 2 4 6 4 6 5 7
2 2 3 5 5 7 6 9 10YC 20MC 2 2 4 6 4 6 5 7
2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9 10ZC 20HC 2 2 4 6 4 6 5 7
2 2 3 5 5 6 6 9 12DC 22LC 2 2 4 6 4 6 5 7
2 2 3 6 5 7 7 9 12JC 24LC 2 2 4 6 4 6 5 7
2 2 3 5 5 7 7 9 12IC 24MC 2 2 4 6 4 6 5 7
2 2 3 5 5 7 7 9 12KC 24HC 2 2 4 6 4 6 5 7
Notes:
cCast Iron enameled through 24".
dStandard bronze bowls have uncoated flow passages. Coatings can be furnished to provide increased efficiencies.
Refer To Factory for price addition and efficiency.
e "No" indicates that impellers are unpolished. "Yes" indicates that impellers will be polished.
f For efficiencies with material, material combination, models or sizes not shown, Refer To Factory.
g Any applicable staging correction shown on the performance cures must be calculated in addition to the above efficiency deductions.
h Stainless steel wear rings further reduce both efficiency and head per stage. Refer To Factory for efficiency deductions.
i For bowls machined for extra lateral (not deep setting construction) deduct two (2) points from efficiency.
Bowl Unit Efficiency Adjustment Notes:
1. Performance curves show the performance of (a) polished bronze impellers (b) with cast iron bowls with coated flow passages.
Because the highest efficiencies attainable are produced by this combination, their efficiencies are the basic values used
in the performance section.
2. Non-polished impellers have their vane exit tips filled, for streamlining, and casting irregularities (if any) "clean-up". Polished
impellers have their flow passage surfaces smoothed to a high degree for maximum performance.
3. THESE EFFICIENCY DEDUCTIONS MUST BE MADE IN ADDITION TO ANY STAGING CORRECTIONS SHOWN ON THE
PERFORMANCE CURVES.
VERTICAL TURBINE PUMPS
E NG INE E R ING DATA
T UR B INE T E R MINOL OG Y
1. DAT UM OR G R ADE - T he elevation of the s urface

from which the pump is s upported. 13. P UMP F IE LD E F F IC IE NC Y (WAT E R TO WAT E R ) - T he
efficiency of the complete pump les s the driver,
2. S TAT IC WAT E R LE V E L - T he vertical dis tance from with all los s es between laboratory and field per-
grade to the water level when no water is being formance being taken into account.
drawn from the well.
C apacity x F ield P umping Head
3. DR AWDOWN - T he dis tance between the s tatic F ield E fficiency =
water level and the water level when pumping at 396 0 x B rake Horsepower
required capacity.
14. TOTAL P UMP T HR US T - T he s um of the weight of
4. P UMP ING WAT E R LE V E L - T he vertical dis tance the s haft plus hydraulic thrus t of the liquid being
from grade to water level when pumping at re- pumped. S ee S haft S tretch S ection in C atalog for
quired capacity. P umping water level equals s tatic s haft weight per foot. P erformance curves give
Water Level plus Drawdown. hydraulic "K" factor. Total thrus t equals :
5. S E T T ING - T he dis tance from grade to the top of S haft Wt. P er F oot x S etting in F eet + "K
" x T DH
the pump bowl as s embly.
15. OV E R ALL E F F IC IE NC Y (WIR E TO WAT E R ) - T he
6. F IE LD P UMP ING HE AD - Lift below dis charge plus efficiency of the pump and motor complete. Overall
head above dis charge plus friction los s es in efficiency = P ump F ield E fficiency x Motor E fficiency.
dis charge line. T his is the head for which the
cus tomer is res pons ible and does not include
any los s es within the pump.
. C OLUMN F R IC T ION LOS S - Head los s in the pump

7
due to friction in the column as s embly. F riction
los s is meas ured in feet and is dependent
upon column and s haft s ize and s etting. S ee
Turbine C olumn F riction Los s Table in catalog.
G rade
8. T DH (LAB . HE AD) - Total head which the pump
bowl as s embly mus t deliver at the given capacity.
T DH equals F ield P umping Head plus C olumn
F riction Los s .
. LAB OR ATOR Y E F F IC IE NC Y - T he efficiency of the

9
P umping Level
Level
S tatic
bowl unit only. T his value is read directly from

P ump S etting
the performance curve.

Lift B elow
10. LAB OR ATOR Y HOR S E P OWE R - T he hors epower

Drawdown
required by the bowls only to deliver a given

capacity agains t Laboratory Head.
C apacity x TDH
LAB . HP =
396 0 x Laboratory E fficiency
11. S HAF T F R IC T ION LOS S - T he hors epower

C olumn
required to turn the lines haft in the bearings .

F riction
Los s
S ee Mechanical F riction in Turbine P ump Line

S hafts in catalog.
12. F IE LD HOR S E P OWE R OR B R AK E HOR S E P OWE R -

S um of laboratory hors epower plus s haft los s
(and the driver thrus t bearing los s under certain
conditions .) NOT TO S C ALE
P age 1
VER TICAL PUMP SELECTION GUIDE
WELL OR SUMP PUMP
DIESEL ENGINE
ELECTRIC WITH RIGHT ANGLE
MOT OR GEAR DRIVE
DRIVE
DRIVER
WELL OR SUMP CONDITIONS
Pump application:
Inside diameter of surface casing or sump (in):
Total depth of well or sump (ft.):
Is casing stepped down?: Where? (ft.):
Smaller (in.): casing from (ft.): to (ft.):
Screen set (ft.): to (ft.):
and from (ft.): to (ft.):
Sump water level: Min.: Max.:
Well static water level (ft.): DISCHARGE
Well pumping water level (ft.): HEAD
ASSEMBL Y
FLUID CONDITIONS FABRICA TED HEA VY DUTY ST ANDARD FABRICA TED
(TYPE "L") DUTY (TYPE "T")
Fluid to be pumped:
Ph value:
Specific Gravity: Temperature (°F):
Viscosity:
Foreign matter in fluid. (Describe):
PUMPING HYDRAULIC CONDITIONS

COLUMN
Capacity (USGPM):
AND SHAFT
Bowl head in feet (TDH): ASSEMBL Y
Bowl setting (column length) (ft.): OIL WATER
Column lubrication required: (oil) or (water) .
Type impellers required: (semi-open) or (enclosed). LUB. LUB.
Bowl size: No. of stages:
NOTE: Bowl head = elevation difference in feet between
pumping liquid level in well or sump and pump discharge
connection plus friction losses in column and discharge
head plus system head requirements.
DRIVER
Size: HP: Type: (VHS) (VSS)

Speed of driver (RPM): Ratio (if gear):
Non-reverse ratchet desired:
Current characteristics (ph): (hz): (volts):
Other driver characteristics:
SUCTION AND DISCHARGE COMPONENTS BOWL

ASSEMBL Y
SEMI-OPEN CLOSED
Suction pipe size (in.): Length (ft.): IMPELLERS IMPELLERS
Strainer (type): (material):
Discharge flange size: Column pipe size:
Discharge head connection: (standard) or (special)
(If special, describe fully):
Seal arrangement: Stretch Nipple Kit (oil lube):
Packing Housing Kit (water lube):
Mechanical seal:
BASKET CONE SUCTION

STRAINER STRAINER CASE BELL SUCTION PIPE
CONECTION
FLANGED SUCTION
WITH CONE
FOR DR Y PIT
STRAINER
Page 2 APPLICA TION
VERTICAL PUMP SELECTION
GUIDE CAN PUMP
VHS E LE C TR IC VS S E LE C TR IC
MOTOR MOTOR
DR IVE DR IVE
DR IV E R
B A R R E L S IZING
S uction pipe s ize (in):
Outs ide diameter of barrel (in):
S uction type: (F langed) (P lain end) (Victaulic)
Total length of barrel (ft.):
F LUID C ONDIT IONS
F luid to be pumped:
P h value: DIS C HAR G E
S pecific G ravity: Temperature (°F ): HE AD
Vis cos ity:
AS S E MB LY
F oreign matter in fluid. (Des cribe):
P UMP ING HY DR AULIC C ONDIT IONS FAB R IC ATE D S TANDAR D FAB R IC ATE D
(TY P E "L") ("TR " S E R IE S ) (TY P E "T")
Dis charge P res s ure (ft.):
S uction P res s ure (ft.):
Differential P res s ure or Head (ft.):
C apacity (US G P M):
P ump differential head (ft.):
C olumn los s es (ft.):
S uction barrel and dis charge head los s es (ft.): B AR R E L
B owl head (differential head plus los s es ) (ft.): AS S E MB LY
C olumn lubrication: (product).
Type impellers required: (s emi-open) or (enclos ed) .
B owl s ize: No. of S tages : FAB R IC ATE D FAB R IC ATE D
(TY P E "B ") (S TTYY LE "A")
DR IV E R
S ize: HP : Type: (V HS ) (V S S )
S peed of driver (R P M): R atio (if gear):
Non-revers e ratchet des ired:
C urrent characteris tics (ph): (hz): (volts ): C OLUMN
Other driver characteris tics : AND S HAF T
S UC T ION AND DIS C HAR G E C OMP ONE NT S AS S E MB LY
WATE R LUB E WATE R LUB E
S uction pipe s ize (in.):
WITH P IP E WITH F LANG E D
S uction pipe type: (flanged) (plain end) (victaulic groove)
C ONNE C TION C ONNE C TION
Dis charge flange s ize (in.): R ating: (150#) (300#)
S eal arrangement: (mechanical s eal kit) (P acking Hous ing K it)
B OWL
AS S E MB LY
S E MI-OP E N OR S E MI-OP E N OR E NC LOS E D S E MI-OP E N OR E NC LOS E D

E NC LOS E D IMP E LLE R S IMP E LLE R S WIT HOUT IMP E LLE R S WIT HOUT
WIT H DIS C HAR G E C AS E DIS C HAR G E C AS E F OR DIS C HAR G E C AS E F OR
F OR T HR E ADE D C OLUMN F LANG E D C OLUMN DIR E C T ADAP T ION TO
DIS C HAR G E HE AD
P age 3
VERTICAL PUMP SELECTION
GUIDE SUBMERSIBLE PUMP
S UB ME R S IB LE
UNDE R G R OUND DIS C HAR G E
DIS C HAR G E HE AD
DIS C HAR G E
AS S E MB LY
WE LL OR S UMP C ONDIT IONS
Ins ide diameter of s urface cas ing or s ump (in.):

Total depth of well or s ump (ft.):
Is cas ing s tepped down? : Where? (ft.):
S maller (in.): cas ing from (ft.): to (ft.):
S creen s et (ft.): to (ft.):
and from (ft.): to (ft.):
S ump water level (ft.): Min.: Max.:
Well s tatic water level (ft.):
Well pumping water level (ft.):
R IS E R
P IP E
AS S E MB LY
F LUID C ONDIT IONS
P h value:
S pecific G ravity: Temperature (°F ):
Vis cos ity: R IS E R
F oreign matter in fluid. (Des cribe): P IP E
P UMP ING HY DR AULIC C ONDIT IONS

C HE C K
VALVE
B owl head in feet (T DH):
B owl s etting (column length) (ft.):
Type impellers required: (E nclos ed only offered on S ubmers ibles .
C ontact factory for s emi-open impeller application.)
B owl s ize: No. of s tages :
NOT E : B owl head = elevation difference in feet between pumping
level in well or s ump and pump dis charge connection plus
friction los s es in column and dis charge head plus s ys tem head B OWL
requirements .) AS S E MB LY
DR IV E R
Motor Diameter: HP :
S peed of driver (R P M): F ull load amps : E NC LOS E D
C urrent characteris tics (ph/): (hz): (volts ): IMP E LLE R S
Min. velocity pas t motor for cooling (ft/s ec):
Other driver characteris tics :
S UC T ION AND DIS C HAR G E C OMP ONE NT S

Dis charge flange type:
R is er pipe s ize: DR IV E R
C olumn check valve: (yes ) (no) S ize:
E lectrical cable s ize: Length:
P age 4
S UB ME R S IB LE
MOTOR
VER TICAL PUMP SELECTION GUIDE
LOW LIFT (Mixed Flow/Axial Flow) PUMP
DIE S E L E NG INE
E LE C TR IC WITH R IG HT ANG LE
MOTOR G E AR DR IVE
DR IVE
WE LL OR S UMP C ONDIT IONS
DR IV E R
Ins ide diameter of s urface cas ing or s ump (in):
Total depth of well or s ump (ft.):
S ump water level: Min.: Max.:
F LUID C ONDIT IONS

If water, is it clear, raw, river, brackis h? :
S pecific G ravity: Temperature (°F ): DIS C HAR G E
F oreign matter in fluid. (Des cribe): HE AD
"Dis charge P res s ure" or head (ft.): AS S E MB LY
AB OVE G R OUND
DIS C HAR G E HE AD B E LOW G R OUND
DIS C HAR G E HE AD
P UMP ING HY DR AULIC C ONDIT IONS
C ontinuous flow: Min.: Max.:
B owl head in feet (T DH):
B owl s etting (column length) (ft.):
C olumn lubrication preferred: (oil) or (water) .
B owl s ize: Type: (mixed flow) (axial flow)
C OLUMN
NOT E : B owl head = elevation difference in feet between AND S HAF T
pumping liquid level in well or s ump and pump dis charge AS S E MB LY
connection plus friction los s es in column and dis charge
head plus s ys tem head requirements . Velocity head mus t
be added by us er to determine s ys tem total head.
OIL WATE R
LUB . LUB .
DR IV E R
Type:
S peed of driver (R P M): R atio (if gear):
Non-revers e ratchet des ired:
C urrent characteris tics (ph): (hz): (volts ):
Other driver characteris tics :
B OWL
S UC T ION AND DIS C HAR G E C OMP ONE NT S AS S E MB LY
S trainer (type): (material):

Dis charge s ize:
Dis charge type: (150# flange) (plain end) (victaulic groove)
MIXE D F LOW AXIAL F LOW
(S TR AINE R OP TIONAL) (S TR AINE R OP TIONAL)
P age 5
INTAKE DESIGN
NOT E :
T he following s ump des ign recommendations are C alculated low average velocity is not always a proper bas is
bas ed on the Hydraulic Ins titute S tandards 14th E dition for judging the excellence of an intake. High local velocities
1983. T hes e recommendations are not to be cons idered in currents and in s wirls may be pres ent in intakes which
exact as there are many des ign cons iderations to evaluate have very low average velocity. Indeed, the uneven
in arriving at a properly des igned s ump which do not dis tribution which they repres ent occurs les s in a higher
appear in this s ection. velocity flow with s ufficient turbulence to dis courage the
gradual built-up of a larger and larger vortex in any region.
G E NE R AL Numerous s mall s urface eddies may be pres ent without
T he function of the intake is to s upply an evenly dis tributed caus ing any trouble.
flow of water to the pump s uction bell or s uction cas e. An
uneven flow is characterized by s trong local currents , favors T he ideal intake des ign is a direct channel going directly
the formation of vortices , and under certain s ubmergence to the pump. Any turn or obs tructions are detrimental
conditions will res ult in the introduction of air into the pump s ince they may caus e eddy currents and tend to initiate
with a res ulting los s of pump performance, accompanied by deep-cored vortices .
nois e, als o uneven dis tribution can increas e or decreas e the
power cons umption with a change in total dynamic head. Water s hould not flow pas t one pump to reach another.
T here can be vortices which do not appear on the s urface, If pumps mus t be placed in line of flow, it may be
and thes e als o may have advers e effects . neces s ary to cons truct an open front cell around each
pump or to put turning vanes under the pump to deflect
Uneven velocity dis tribution leads to rotation of portions of the water upward. S treamlining s hould be us ed to reduce
the mas s of water about a centerline called vortex motion. the trail of alternating vortices in the wake of the pump
T his centerline may als o be moving. Uneven dis tribution or of other obs tructions in the s tream flow.
of flow is caus ed by the geometry of the intake and the
manner in which water is introduced into the intake from
the primary s ource.
F IG UR E 1 S UMP DIME NS IONS V E R S US F LOW

300,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
80,000
)
NDO
60,000
G ALLONS P E R MINUT E P E R P UMP
EC
R S
PE
40,000
ET
FE
30,000
H
C
Y
=2
Vc
20,000
A(
15,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
3,000
5 6 8 10 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 80 100 150 250 400 700 1000
200 300 500
R E C OMME NDE D S UMP DIME NS IONS IN INC HE S
P age 6
INTAKE DESIGN
F IG UR E 2 S UMP DIME NS IONS V E R S US F LOW

T he amount of s ubmergence for a s ucces s ful operation will
depend greatly on the approaches to the intake and the s ize MULT IP LE S UMP
of the pump. While s pecific des ign is generally beyond S
S S
the s cope of the pump manufacture's res pons ibility, he may 2
comment while the intake layout is s till preliminary if he is
provided with the neces s ary intake drawings reflecting the
phys ical limitations of the s ite.
S UMP DIME NS IONS B
F igures 1, 2 & 3 provide general s ump dimens ion information
for s ingle and s imple multiple pump arrangements . T hes e
guidelines cover pumps in the 3,000 to 300,000 G P M range.
Additional information for s maller capacity pumps can be
found at the end of this dis cus s ion. All of the dimens ions S
in F igures 1, 2 & 3 are bas ed on the rated capacity of the
Y 2
pump at des ign head. If the pump is to operate for
s ignificant periods at a higher capacity, the higher capacity
s hould be us ed as the bas is for determining dimens ions . S S S ING LE ^S UMP ;
Dimens ion C (dis tance from lip of s uction bell to s ump floor)
is an average value bas ed on the analys is of many pumps .
T he manufacturer s hould be cons ulted prior to determining SCREEN
a final value
Dimens ion B (dis tance between pump centerline and back

wall) is a s ugges ted maximum dimens ion. If the pos ition A
of the back wall is dictated by other factors , it may be
neces s ary to ins tall a "fals e" wall for proper intake des ign. S ING LE P UMP
ILLUS T R AT ION
Dimens ion S (minimum s ump width for a s ingle pump) can
be increas ed, but if it is to be made s maller the MULT IP LE P UMP
manufacturer s hould be cons ulted or a model cons tructed ILLUS T R AT ION
to determine the adequacy of the des ign.
Dimens ion H (normal low water level) takes into account

friction los s es through the inlet s creen and approach
channel. T he pump s hould be operated only momentarily
or infrequently when the s ump water level falls below this
level.
NOTMinimum
E: s ubmergence (provided with bowl
performance data) is normally s pecified as "Dimens ion T R AS H R AC K
H minus Dimens ion C ".
Dimens ions Y and A are recommended minimum values .

T hes e dimens ions can be as large as des ired but s hould
be res tricted to the limitations indicated on the curve. If S T R E AM F LOW
the des ign does not include a s creen, dimens ion A s hould Vc
be cons iderably longer. T he s creen or gate widths s hould
not be s ubs tantially les s than S , and heights s hould not be
les s than H. If the main s tream velocity is more than two
feet per s econd, it may be neces s ary to cons truct F IG UR E 3 S UMP DIME NS IONS
s traightening vanes in the approach channel, increas e
dimens ion A, conduct a s ump model tes t of the ins tallation, P UMP ING WAT E R LE V E L
or work out s ome combination of thes e factors .
On multiple pump ins tallations the information pres ented in

F igures 1, 2 & 3 applies , with the addition of the following
factors :
F igure 4 (low velocity and s traight line flow to all units )

repres ents the recommended s tyle of pit for multiple pump H
ins tallations . Velocities in the pump area s hould approximate
one foot per s econd, although with careful des ign velocities
of two feet per s econd or higher may produce s atis factory
res ults . Not recommended would be any des ign feature that
would introduce eddying (s uch as an abrupt change in s ize
of inlet pipe to s ump or inlet on one s ide.) C
P age 7
INTAKE DESIGN
F IG UR E 4
B Y
ALT.
P
D V1
S W Vp W
D
D
Ve = 1fps Ve
D
S = 1 1/2 TO 2D A Ve = 2fps
& UP S Y
IF A = Les s
T han 8D
B affles , grating or s trainer s hould NOT R ecommended Unles s :
R E C OMME NDE D NOT R E C OMME NDE D be introduced acros s inlet channel
at beginning of maximum width W = 5D or more, or
s ection. V1= 0.2fps or les s AND
F igure 5 (multiple pumps in s ame s ump) indicates bes t Y = S ame as chart to
operation without s eparating walls . If all pumps are in W/P 1.0 1.5 2.5 4.0 10.0 left
operation at the s ame time, the us e of s eparating walls S = is greater than 4D
Y 3D 5D 8D 10D 15D
will improve operation. If walls are to be us ed for
s tructural purpos es , and pumps will operate intermittently, VP 1 2 4 6 8
flow s pace s hould be left behind each wall from the pit
floor up to at leas t the minimum water level. T he wall R E C OMME NDE D NOT R E C OMME NDE D
s hould not extend ups tream beyond the rim of the
s uction bell. P umps s hould NOT be placed around F igure 8 illus trates ins tallation in a tunnel or pipe line.
the edge of a s ump either with or without dividing walls . T he intake des ign mus t incorporate an inlet "ell" (s uitable
for flows up to 8 feet per s econd) or s uction bell with
the pump located at leas t two pipe diameters above the
F IG UR E 5 top of the tunnel. T he tunnel mus t be free of air or it
may be neces s ary to lower the s coop.
B
Add wall thicknes s
to C dis t. R ound or F IG UR E 8
ogive wall ends .
D G ap at rear of wall D
approx. D/3.
R E C OMME NDE D NOT R E C OMME NDE D
F igure 6 correctly s hows a s mall pipe emptying into a

large pump pit with a gradually increas ing taper s ection.
Abrupt changes in s ize are not des irable. T he angle
s hould be as large as pos s ible, preferably not les s than
45 degrees . P it velocities s hould be kept at les s than
one foot per s econd.
F IG UR E 6
Y A
A
D 2
MAX. a = 15°
a P R E F E R R E D a = 10° MIN. 2' F
R E C OMME NDE D NOT R E C OMME NDE D
V UP TO 8fps
F igure 7 demons trates how an abrupt change from inlet R E C OMME NDE D
pipe to pit con be accommodated. P it velocities mus t be NOT E S :
kept below one foot per s econd and the length mus t equal 1. T he dimens ion D is generally the diameter of the s uction
or exceed the values s hown. As ratio W/P increas es , the bell meas ured at the inlet. T his dimens ion may vary
inlet velocity at P may be increas ed up to an allowed depending upon pump des ign. C ontact factory for s pecific
maximum of eight feet per s econd at W/P = 10. In line dimens ions .
pumps are not recommended unles s the ratio of pit to 2. F igures apply to s umps for clear liquid. C ontact factory
pump s ize is quite large, and pumps are s eparated by a for fluid/s olids mixtures .
generous margin longitudinally.
P age 8
INTAKE DESIGN
C OR R E C T ION OF E XIS T ING S UMP S In F igure 14 s harp corners at gates , s creens , etc., are
eliminated to allow a s mooth flow.
Vortexing in pump s uction pits is harmful to pit s tructures
and the pumps thems elves . While it is pos s ible to eliminate In F igure 15 velocity and vortexing is reduced by adding a
s ump problems in the des ign phas es , it is much more bell extens ion s uction plate and s plitter to the s uction bell.
difficult and often expens ive to s olve problems in exis ting T he s plitter is attached in line with the flow.
s umps or modified s umps S ump model tes ts are
recommended to tes t the effectivenes s of propos ed changes
before cons truction begins . F igures 9 through 19 illus trate F IG UR E 15 P UMP ING
typical s ump problems with pos s ible s olutions . WAT E R LE V E L
In F igure 9 the inlet velocity s hould be reduced by s preading
the inflow over a larger area or by adding baffling to change
its direction and s peed. T he baffles may be floor mounted F IG UR E 14
extending above the minimum water level or ceiling mounted Das hed lines
extending clos e to the floor. s how enlarged
bell and
Added s plitter.
In F igure 10 the location of the pumps s hould be changed
in relation to the direction of inflow.
F IG UR E 9 G ate
Original
R elocated S plitter mus t be in-line with

flow to prevent s ubmerged
Add perforated baffle vortexing.
approximately as indicated.
F igure 16 s hows the us e of floating rafts around the pump
column to prevent s urface vortices .
In F igure 11 a cone is added to reduce the pos s ibility of F igure 17 s hows the us e of floating large s pheres to prevent
s ubmerged vortex formation. s urface vortices .
F IG UR E 11 F IG UR E 16
P UMP ING WAT E R LE V E L
F loating rafts are us ed Large s pheres are us ed to

around the pump column prevent s urface vortexes .
to prevent vortexing.
In F igure 18 the clearance between the back wall and the

pump was reduced to improve the velocity pattern to the
pump and to reduce the pos s ibility of vortex formation.
In F igure 19 the direction of inlet flow was changed gradually
by means of parallel turning vanes .
C one added to reduce pos s ibility
of s ubmerged vortex formation.
In F igures 12 and 13 the "no-flow" bays are modified by
either breaking them open at the back and rounding the 3/4D Max.
edges (F igure 12) or by removing them altogether (figure
13).
Original R emoved
C orrected back wall V = 3fps and over
Original back wall
T he velocity pattern to the pump
can often be improved to reduce
the pos s ibility of vortex formation.
C orrected
P age 9
MAXIMUM BEARING SPACING ON
OPEN LINESHAFT PUMPS
SPEED S HAF T DIAME TE R (INC HE S )

(rpm) 3/4 1 1 3/16 1 1/2 1 11/16 1 15/16 2 3/16
880 R 120 120 120 120 120

SB 60 84 90 96 100
1200 R 120 120 120 120 120 120 120

SB 60 60 60 72 78 84 88
1460 R 120 120 120 120 120 120 120

SB 42 48 54 66 66 72 76
1760 R 120 120 120 120 120 120 120

SB 42 48 48 60 60 66 70
2900 R 60 60 60 60 60 60 60
SB 30 36 36 42 48 48 52
3600 R 60 60 60 60 60 60 60
SB 30 30 36 36 42 48 48
Note: R - S tandard R ubber B earing

S B - S olid B earing (brass, carbon, graphite, teflon, etc.)
The above chart is to aid in the selection of lineshaft bearing spacing for pump column on
vertical turbine pumps.
These recommendations are based on manufacture standards and first critical frequency
shaft calculation.
S olid type bearings tend to have a slight running noise.
P age 10
SUCTION BARREL SELECTION
R ecommended capacity for a suction barrel can be

determined by calculation of the fluid velocity. R ecommended
flow past the largest portion of the pump should not exceed
5 ft/sec. (V.)
TO C ALC ULAT E :
V= GPM x Q
2 2
(D 1) - (d 2)
where: G P M - amount of flow required

Q - constant 0.4085 (cubic feet per sec)
D - I.D. 1of barrel in inches
d - O.D.2 of bowl in inches
E XAMP LE :
12 3/4" steel suction barrel with a wall
thickness of 0.375 would have an I.D. of 12"
10MC bowl with an O.D. of 9 1/2"
F low design of 500 G P M
TO C ALC ULAT E :
V= GPM x Q
2 2
(D 1) - (d 2)
V= 500 x 0.4085
2 2=
(12) - (9 1/2)
500 x 0.4085 =
144 - 90.25
204.25 = 3.8 ft/sec.

53.75
This indicates that this bowl will work in this size barrel.
1. NP S H should always be considered when placing any
pump into a suction can.
2. The pump suction should be located (2) barrel
diameters below barrel inlet or (2) suction diameters
above the barrel inlet, never allow the suction inlet of
the pump to be set in the area of the suction barrel
inlet.
3. S uction inlet size should have an inlet velocity of equal
to or less than 5 ft/sec.
4. If the suction of the barrel is below the suction inlet

of the pump, the fluid velocity can be disregarded in
barrel selections.
5. If there is sufficient NP S H and efficiency is not
important, it is permissible to exceed 5 ft/sec. -
the maximum recommended ever would be 9 ft/sec.
P age 11
A SIMPLE METHOD OF
SURVEYING A DEEP WELL
F IG UR E NO. 1 F IG UR E NO. 2
E LE VAT ION OF
DAT UM P OINT
S HIF T
P UR P OS E OF S UR V E Y ING A WE LL
(1) - It is advantageous to R E ADING R E ADING
know whether or not a pump will fit in a well and operate S T R AIG HT E DG E S T R AIG HT E DG E
normally. S ince the pump column can be curved, within limits ,
without being detrimental to pump operation, a well is s urveyed
to find out in what directions and how s harply it curves throug-
hout its length.
OF C AG E
OF C AG E
DE P T H
DE P T H
E QUIP ME NT NE C E S S AR Y
(2) - T he equipment to be us ed is lis ted
below.
(a) A reel of s mall s teel cable long enough to reach to the
des ired depth.
(b) A cage about two feet long with a diameter about 1/4"
s maller than the I.D. of the well cas ing.
(c) A s mall pulley for the s teel cable, having a frame which
can be bolted to a board.
E QUIP ME NT S E T -UP DIS P LAC E ME NT OF C AG E
(3) - Attach the pulley to a board thick F R OM C E NT E R LINE
enough to carry the weight of the cage and line without bending.
S upport the board horizontally at leas t ten feet above the top of A
the well cas ing. T he board and s upports s hould be arranged s o
that the location of the pulley can be s hifted at leas t two feet in F IG UR E NO. 3 F IG UR E NO. 4
any horizontal direction by s liding the board. A derrick is the NOR T H WE S T WE S T
mos t convenient s upport, but if there is no derrick a tripod or N R E ADING N
R E ADING DIS P LAC E ME NT
other s tructure mus t be cons tructed.
R un the cable through the pulley and attach the end to the center W E W E
of the cage. Hang the cage s lightly above the well cas ing and NOR T H
move the pulley until the axis of the cage is in line with the C AB LE DIAG ONAL
DIS P LAC E ME NT
center of the well. S S
Next, es tablis h with a s traightedge four marks on the well cas ing the datum point s o that the cable will not touch the cas ing. If
or floor which can be us ed to determine two horizontal lines at the crook is above the water level, this condition can be obs erved.
right angles to each other, pas s ing as near to the center of the If it is below the water level, it may be s us pected if the location
well as the cable will permit without the cable being deflected from of the cable remains cons tant as the cage is lowered. It
its center pos ition. To s implify the procedure, one of thes e lines occas ionally happens , however, that the well is actually s lanting
s hould be parallel to the board carrying the pulley. Us ually the or curving s o that it will give a cons tant reading for a while and,
lines are laid off as North-S outh and E as t-Wes t lines . s ince s hifting the pulley is apt to introduce errors unles s great
C AG E P OS IT ION R E ADING S care is us ed, it is bes t to be s ure that the cable is touching
(4) - Lower the cage ten feet at a before any s hifts are made. If the well is s o crooked that the
time and meas ure deflections in the North, S outh, E as t or Wes t cable touches at a s econd point after being s hifted, it is
directions from the center, as s hown in F igure No. 3, at each impos s ible to s urvey it beyond this point by us ing this method.
ten-foot interval. T he vertical dis tance of the center of the pulley
above the level of the place where deflection meas urements are If the data is worked up and plotted, it is pos s ible to s ee whether
made mus t als o be meas ured. T he center of the pulley is called or not any of the above difficulties are pres ent. Us ually, a s hift
the datum point. in one direction will be s ufficient, but s ometimes it is neces s ary
to s hift in the other direction als o. T he pulley s hould be s hifted
F igure No. 1 s hows an elevation of a well with a cage in the well, as far as the s urveyor deems neces s ary and for every s hift it is
and F igure No. 3 s hows a plan view of the top of the well with important that the pos ition (vertically and in both directions
a s traightedge in its two pos itions . In making the meas urements horizontally) of the datum point be accurately determined. F igure
indicated, it mus t be remembered that the s traightedge was No. 2 s hows a well being s urveyed with the datum point s hifted.
located by the s ide of the cable ins tead of the center. S ince the P LOT T ING T HE C AG E P OS IT IONS
cable was in the center of the well, the s traightedge does not lie (6) - After the data has been
exactly on a diameter and deflections mus t always be meas ured calculated it s hould be plotted on graph paper. T he deflections
on the s ame s ides of the cable that determined the North-S outh for the true view are determined graphically by drawing the
and E as t-Wes t lines . diagonals of parallelograms produced by plotting the dis placement
S HIF T ING T HE DAT UM P OINT readings as s hown in F igure No. 4. C ros s -s ection paper with
(5) - T he cable mus t not be one-inch s quares , divided into ten s maller s quares to the inch, is
touching the s ide of the well cas ing when readings are taken. B y convenient for laying out the well. If the depth is laid out with
refering to F igure No. 1 it is evident that if the well is crooked ten feet to the inch and the cage dis placement with ten inches to
the cable can touch the well cas ing when the cage is lowered the inch, it us ually res ults in a s atis factory repres entation of the
pas t a bend or s piral. When the cable touches the cas ing, any well. T he horizontal s cale s hould be large enough to s how the
readings beyond this point are valueles s . It is neces s ary to s hift defects in the well clearly, but at the s ame time it mus t be
P age 12
SAMPLE DATA, CALCULATIONS
AND PLOT 18" WELL
E levation of datum point 20 ft. Water level 60 ft.

Datum point s hifted 12" North at 80 ft.
recognized that unles s the well diameter is plotted to exactly the
s ame s cale as the s ide deflection, the well plot will be mis leading
and of practically no value. Depth R eadings of Displacement
C age Deflections of C age
On the plot a s traightedge can be us ed to repres ent the cable and F eet of C able Inches
to indicate whether or not the cable was touching the cas ing at Inches
any point. N S E W N S E W
If it is determined from the plot that the cable probably did not 10 0.10 0.15
touch the well cas ing at any of the readings , during the s urvey,
it is an indication that the readings were accurate. In order to 20 0.15 0.10 0.30 0.20
determine what s ize of column pipe and bowl diameter can be
s afely operated in the well, cons truct from cardboard a cros s - 30 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50
s ection of the column and bowl unit to the s ame s cale as us ed
in plotting the s urvey. If the model of column and bowl unit can 40 0.10 0.30 0.30 0.90
be placed in the well without binding on the well cas ing, when
ins erted on the plot of the true view of the s urvey, it is a good 50 0.35 1.25
indication that the actual pump will do likewis e.
60 0.50 0.37 0.20 1.48
70 1.10 0.40 6.75 1.80
80 8.00 0.40 8.00 2.00
90 7.80 0.42 11.10 2.30
C E NT E R LINE S INDIC AT E C E NT E R OF 100 7.50 0.44 15.00 2.64
T HE WE LL AT IT S S UR FAC E
F OR MULA
No. 1 Displacement of cage from center line =

TR UE R eading x (depth of cage + E l. of Datum)
0 N S E W
VIE W E l. of Datum
10
S ample C alculation at 10 ft. depth:
20
0.10 x (10 + 20)
C age displacement = = .15"
30 20
DE P TH OF WE LL
40
No. 2 Displacement of cage from center line when
50 datum point is shifted =
60 WATE R (C age Depth + E l. of Datum)

LE VE L *(shift = reading) x - shift
70 DATUM P OINT E l. of Datum
S HIF TE D 12°
80 AT 80 F t. *Add the reading to the shift when shift and reading are on
opposite sides of center line: S ubtract when shift and reading
90 are on same side of center line.
100 S ample C alculation at 80 ft. depth:
C age diplacement =
(80 + 20)
DIS P LAC E ME NT (12 - 8) x - 12 = 8"
OF C AG E 20
S ince dis tance A (s ee F igure No. 2 ) is greater than the s hift,

it is evident that the cage dis placement is s outh from the
center line.
F ormula No. 1 is us ed in all E AS T calculations in this cas e,

but if there is a s hift in the E as t-Wes t direction, F ormula
No. 2 would have to be us ed in the s ame manner as for the
North-S outh direction.
P age 13
PRELUBRICA
PRELUBRICATION RECOMMENDATION
RECOMMENDA FOR WATER
LUBRICATED OPEN SHAFT TURBINE PUMPS
Open line shaft pumps utilize neoprene line shaft bearings lubrication. On deeper settings, however, it is necessary that
which must be kept wet when the unit is operating. After the bearings receive prelubrication as outlined below.
the pump liquid fills the column pipe, the bearings are
kept lubricated by this liquid. At start-up and shut-down, S HUT-DOWN: Non-R everse R atchet mechanisms mounted in
however, certain precautions must be taken to provide the driver are recommended on units with settings of 50 feet
lubrication to these bearings. or more. The Non-R everse R atchet prevents reverse rotation
due to backflow, thus eliminating post lubrication requirements.
S TAR T-UP : Under normal conditions if the static water If Non-reverse ratchets are not employed, post lubrication
level is 30 feet of less, prelubrication is not required since must be provided using methods similar to those outlined
the bearings will hold enough moisture to provide initial below.
P UMP ING P UMP ING

P LANT PANE L P LANT PANE L
T IME DE LAY
R E LAY
B UTTE R F LY B UTTE R F LY
G ATE VALVE VALVE
P R E -LUB E VALVE F LOAT
TANK VALV E
S OLE NOID VALV E C HE C K
P UMP ING
P LANT PANE L
T IME DE LAY
R E LAY
C HE C K VALVE
C AB LE (1)
S OLE NOID
G ATE VALVE
S OLE NOID VALVE AND F ITTING S TIME DE LAY R E LAY
OUTE R C OLUMN S IZE S TATIC WATE R LE VE L TIME DE LAY
(INC HE S ) (F E E T) (MINUTE S )
P R E S S UR E ON 5" 10" AND 0'-30' 1/2 min.
S MALLE R 6" AND 8" LAR G E R
S OLE NOID
VALVE 31'-70' 1 min.
S OLE NOID VALVE AND F ITTING S IZE
INC HE S 71'-150' 1-1/2 min.
1-10 P S I 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 2-1/2" 151'-250' 2-1/2 min.
11-75 P S I 1" 1-1/4" 2" 251'-350' 3-1/2 min.
76-150 P S I 3/4" 1" 1-1/2" 351'-450'
TANK & F ITTING S IZE S
S IZE NOTE S :
OUTE R TIME DE LAY S E TTING B AS E D
F ITTING S TANK F ITTING S TANK F ITTING S TANK
C OLUMN ON P R OP E R S OLE NOID
1" 50 G AL. 1-1/2" 100 G AL. 2" 200 G AL.
S IZE S E LE C TION
S TATIC WATE R LE VE L (F E E T)
0-30 F T. S E TTING NO
2-1/2" TO 4" 30'-300' 300'-400' P R E -LUB R IC ATION R E QUIR E D.
4-1/2" TO 6" 30'-200' 200'-400'
8" TO 10" 30'-125' 125'-300' 300'-400'
12" 30'-70' 70'-200' 200'-400'
14" 30'-50' 50'-150' 150'-300'
WATER LEVEL TESTING
T here are two commonly us ed methods to determine the

water level in wells - airline and gauge, or an electric
s ounder.
AIR LINE ME THOD:

T he airline method can us e a s tandard pres s ure gauge,
indirect reading depth gauge, or direct reading depth
gauge.
INS TALLAT ION: T he airline is ins talled s o that the lower end is approx.
2' from the inlet of the pump - for reliable readings the airline s hould
extend 20' below low water level if pos s ible. All airline joints mus t
be air tight for proper operation. T he upper end of the airline is
connected to a gauge and s nifter valve. E xact vertical length of the
R E ADING G AUG E airline mus t be recorded at ins tallation, by noting on the face of the
gauge. Us e as many nylon ties as neces s ary to firmly attach the airline
S NIF T E R
NIP P LE to the column and bowl as s embly without collaps ing the airline.
VALV E
ME T HOD OF OP E R AT ION: A tire pump is us ed to expel all water
T IR E
from the airline, when this point is reached the gauge reading will
P UMP
remain cons tant. T he maximum maintained pres s ure is equal to
the height of water above the end of the airline (DIM Z).
INDIR E C T R E ADING DE P T H G AUG E (F IXE D DIAL): P ump up airline
until maximum pres s ure (all water is expelled from airline) is
reached, reading on gauge will be dis tance "Z". Water level (below
s urface) is obtained by s ubtracting "Z" from "Y " (W.L. = Y - Z).
AIR LINE DIR E C T R E ADING DE P T H G AUG E (MOVAB LE DIAL): S et the movable
B US HING
F IT T ING gauge dial s o that the length of airline (Y ) is at the pin s top
(gauge pointer pos ition at 0 pres s ure). P ump airline to maximum
TE E pres s ure, gauge will read water level (Y - Z) direct.
P R E S S UR E G AUG E : A pres s ure gauge can be us ed by converting
P S I to feet of water as follows :
F eet of Water = P S I x 2.31
X
Operation would be identical to indirect reading gauge.
E LE C TR IC S OUNDE R ME THOD
T he electric s ounder cons is ts es s entially of a battery, a s pool
of well ins ulated waterproof wire and a millivolt meter. One
terminal of the battery is connected to the pump head and the
WATE R other through the potentiometer to one end of the s pool of
LE VE L wire. T he other end of the wire from the s pool mus t be
Y protected s o that it will not clos e the circuit, if it s hould bump
agains t the pump in being lowered into the well, but at the
s ame time s o arranged that the circuit will be clos ed when
the end of the wire contacts the water in the well. T he wire
from s pool, then, is lowered into the well until; the needle of
the potentiometer deflects , indicating that the water level
has been reached and the contact clos ed. T he wire is then
properly marked, pulled from the well and meas ured with a
s teel tape to determine the water level. (It is pos s ible to
calibrate the s pool of wire s o that it is direct reading.)
X = Depth to water in feet (this is unknown).

AIR LINE Y = Length of air line in feet (this was measured at installation).
Z = Water pressure on airline, in feet head of water. S tandard
gauge reads in lb./sq. in. Multiply reading by 2.31 to convert
Z to feet of water. Altitude type gauge reads directly in feet
of water.
NY LON T IE S
E XAMP LE :
X =Y -Z
Y = 100 ft.
Z = 15 lb./sq. in.
= 15 x 2.31 = 34.65 ft.
X =?
AP P R OX. 2' AB OVE X = 100 - 34.65
INLE T TO P UMP = 65.35 ft.
*If the effective length of the airline is not known, it may be
determined by meas uring the actual water level. When the
pump is idle by s ome other method, and comparing it to the
maximum reading obtained on the direct reading gauge or
adding to the maximum reading of the indirect gauge.
P age 15
FORMULA FOR CHANGING PUMP SPEED
CHANGES IN PERFORMANCE
P ump curves are generally based on standard motor

speeds. F or performance of pumps at speeds other than F OR MULAS :
those published, it is necessary to calculate new C apacity, N2
Head, and B HP. Q2 = Q1
N1
The following "Affinity Laws" are used in speed variation
calculations: N2
2
1. The capacity of a turbine pump varies in direct

H2 = H1 (N ) 1
proportion to the speed.

3
2. The head of a turbine pump varies in proportion to the
square of the speed. B HP 2 = B HP 1 ( NN ) 2
1
3. The horsepower varies in proportion to the cube of the
speed. Q = Quantity in G P M
H = Head in F eet
In general, it is good engineering practice not to increase B HP = B rake Horsepower
the speed of a turbine pump designed for 1760 R P M to N 1= S peed in R P M (published)
more than 2200 R P M. At higher R P M harmonic or shaft N 2= S peed in R P M (required)
vibration may occur causing excessive wear in the pump.
NOTE : DO NOT E XC E E D MINIMUM TR IM DIAME TE R
INDIC ATE D ON S TANDAR D C ATALOG C UR VE .
E XA MP L E
An impeller operating at 1760 R P M is rated to deliver 900 G P M at 76 F eet of Head, and requires
20.3 B HP to drive it. What will the effect of changing the speed to 1460 R P M?
1460
The direct ratio of speeds will be: = 0.82955
1760
1460 R P M C APAC ITY will be: 0.82955 x 900 = 746.59 G P M
The square of the ratio will be: 0.82955 x 0.82955 = 0.68815
1460 R P M HE AD will be; 0.68815 x 76 = 52.30 F eet of Head
The cube of the ratio will be: 0.82955 x 0.82955 x 0.82955 = 0.57085
1460 R P M B R AK E HOR S E P OWE R will be: 0.57085 x 20.3 = 11.59 B HP

The efficiency is still another factor to be considered, but is not seriously altered for
small changes in speed. If the above pump had an efficiency of 85% at 900 G P M when operating
at 1760 R P M, the efficiency would still be approximately 85% at 746.59 G P M when operating at 1460 R P M.
MULTIP LIE R S F OR P UMP P E R F OR MANC E AT VAR IOUS S P E E DS US ING

1760 R P M AS R E F E R E NC E S P E E D
R PM GPM HE AD HP R PM GPM HE AD HP
1400 0.7955 0.6327 0.5033 2500 1.4205 2.0177 2.8660
1450 0.8239 0.6788 0.5592 2550 1.4489 2.0992 3.0415
1500 0.8523 0.7264 0.6191 2600 1.4773 2.1823 3.2239
1550 0.8807 0.7756 0.6831 2650 1.5057 2.2671 3.4135
1600 0.9091 0.8264 0.7513 2700 1.5341 2.3534 3.6104
1650 0.9375 0.8789 0.8240 2750 1.5625 2.4414 3.8147
1700 0.9659 0.9330 0.9012 2800 1.5909 2.5310 4.0266
1760 R E F E R TO P E R F OR MANC E C UR VE 2850 1.6193 2.6222 4.2462
1800 1.0227 1.0460 1.0697 2900 1.6477 2.7150 4.4736
1850 1.0511 1.1049 1.1614 2950 1.6761 2.8094 4.7090
1900 1.0795 1.1654 1.2581 3000 1.7045 2.9055 4.9525
1950 1.1080 1.2276 1.3601 3050 1.7330 3.0031 5.2043
2000 1.1364 1.2913 1.4674 3100 1.7614 3.1024 5.4645
2050 1.1648 1.3567 1.5802 3150 1.7898 3.2033 5.7332
2100 1.1932 1.4237 1.6987 3200 1.8182 3.3058 6.0105
2150 1.2216 1.4923 1.8230 3250 1.8466 3.4099 6.2967
2200 1.2500 1.5625 1.9531 3300 1.8750 3.5156 6.5918
2250 1.2784 1.6343 2.0893 3350 1.9034 3.6230 6.8960
2300 1.3068 1.7078 2.2317 3400 1.9318 3.7319 7.2094
2350 1.3352 1.7828 2.3805 3450 1.9602 3.8425 7.5322
2400 1.3636 1.8595 2.5357 3500 1.9886 3.9547 7.8644
2450 1.3920 1.9378 2.6975 3520 2.000 4.000 8.000
P age 16
IMPELLER DIAMETER TRIM PROCEDURE
CHANGES IN PERFORMANCE
The effect of changing the outer diameter is to decrease The efficiency is still another factor to be considered. It is
the peripheral speed of the impeller which has exactly the not seriously altered for small changes in diameter. R efer
same effect as reducing the rotative speed without altering to bowl performance curves for actual change in efficiency.
the diameter. The effect is to change the Head generated
in proportion to the square of the speed, or the square of S ince a pump is made of several bowls with impellers, it is
the diameter, according to the fundamental formula: only necessary to figure one impeller. The new head is
multiplied by the number of stages for the whole pump. The
V 2 = 2G H quantity and efficiency, however, will be as calculated for
G = G ravity (32.17 feet per second) the single impeller, as all will perform the same in series.
H = Head (in feet)
This procedure applies in the same way to open and
When the peripheral speed is changed, however, the enclosed impellers.
velocity of the water flowing through the impeller is changed
in direct proportion. S ince this changes the quantity of water
delivered, both changes must be considered when trimming
an impeller.
There is still a third factor to be considered. Assuming there
is no major change in the speed (with the quantity in direct
proportion to the diameter, and the head in proportion to
the square) the work done (or power required) will be as
the product of the two which is proportional to the cube of
the diameter.
E XAMP LE :
An impeller of 9.313 inch outside diameter (of vanes) is rated
to deliver 900 G P M at 76 F eet of Head, and requires a driver
of 20.3 B HP. (Data taken form a published curve.) What will
be the effect of changing the diameter to 8.750 inches?
S OLUTION:
The direct ratio of diameters will be: 8.750 - 9.313 = 0.93955
S o the new Quantity will be: 0.93955 x 900 = 845.59 G P M
The square of the ratio will be: 0.93955 x 0.93955 = 0.88275
S o the new Head will be: 0.88275 x 76 = 67.09 F eet of Head
The cube of the ration will be: 0.93955 x 0.93955 x 0.93955 = 0.82938
S o the new power will be: 0.82938 x 20.3 = 16.84 B HP
*All impellers require lower shroud removal for all trim

diameters. S emi-open impeller trim diameters are
measured the same way.
A
T R IM DIA
F ULL DIA
P age 17
EFFECTS OF RAISING
SEMI-OPEN IMPELLERS
160
A = IDE AL
B = .040"
140
C = .080"
D = .160"
120
E = .240"
HE AD IN %
F = .320"
100
B R AK E HOR S E P OWE R IN %
80
60
F E D C B A
40
100
A
B 90
80
D
E
F
70
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
C APAC IT Y IN %
T he above chart indicates the approximate effect of rais ing s emi-open impellers from their
ideal (A) operating pos ition. R ais ing the impellers increas es the clearance between impeller
and bowl s eat and reduces the performance accordingly. T he chart is general and will not
be exactly correct for any particular pump model s ince each model will react differently. 100%
head and capacity are to be taken as the head and capacity of the pump at peak efficiency. -
E XAMP LE : If a particular pump delivers 250 G P M at 50' head at peak efficiency when the
impellers are properly adjus ted, rais ing the impellers 0.080" would reduce the capacity to
approximately 181 G P M (72 1/2% of 250 G P M) while maintaining the 50' head - or convers ely,
the pump would deliver 250 G P M at 37 1/2' head (75% of 50'.) T he hors epower would be
about 91 1/2% of the previous hors epower.
P age18
VELOCITY HEAD
T he Velocity Head (Head due to Velocity) of moving water at a given velocity is the equivalent Head through
which it would have to fall to acquire the s ame velocity, or the Head neces s ary to accelerate water. T he
Velocity head mus t always be cons idered when accurate tes ting is required, but normally is s uch a negligible
amount that its factor is a s mall value when figuring total Head conditions . It is important to cons ider Velocity
Head when your Total Head values are low, which occurs in Axial F low pumps or when S uction Lift valves are
high, s uch as in centrifical pump applications .
The formula for Velocity Head is:

hv = v 2 where "g" is the acceleration due to where hv = velocity head
2g gravity (32.174 feet per second)
v = velocity in feet/second
B y knowing the head we can transpose the formula to read:
G P M = G allons per minute
v= 2gh this obtains the velocity.
D = I.D. of column pipe
Velocity can also be obtained by applying the values to these formulas.
d = O.D. of shaft or oil tube
hv = 0.0155v 2 where v = 0.4085 x G P M or v = 0.321 x G P M
D2 Area A (area) = 0.7854 x (D+d)(D-d)
hv = 0.00259 (G P M) 2
D4
E xample
C alculations B ased on: G P M = 1219.35

D = 10" (P ipe O.D. = 10.750, Wall thickness 0.330)
d = 1.6875
0.00259 x G P M 2 or 2
hv = 0.0155v where v= 0.321 x G P M 2
hv =
D4 ( AR E A (
0.00259 x 1219.35 2
hv = 2 0.321 x 1219.35 2
10 4 hv = 0.0155v where v=
( (
77.72353
0.00259 x 1486814.422
hv =
10,000 2
hv = 0.0155v where v= 391.41135 2
( 77.72353 (
3850.849354
hv = = 0.38508
10,000
hv = 0.0155 (5.035944) 2 = 0.39309
Notes :
to calculate velocity in column pipe with
lines haft or oil tubing the following formula
is us ed to determine the area.
P age 19
SPECIFIC SPEED
S pecific s peed is the s peed in R P M at which a given impeller would operate if reduced proportionally
in s ize s o as to deliver a capacity of one G P M at one foot of head.
TO C ALC ULAT E :
.5
R /MIN x (G AL/MIN) R /MIN x G AL/MIN
Ns = or Ns =
F T .75 F T .75
WHE R E : R /MIN = P ump rotational speed in revolutions per minute.

G AL/MIN = P ump discharge in U.S . gallons per minute
FT = Total bowl head per stage in feet of liquid pumped
F OR ME T R IC :
3 .5
R /MIN x (M /H)
Ns = .75
M
WHE R E : M 3/H = P ump discharge in cubic meters per hour

M = Total bowl head per stage in meters of liquid pumped
1. T he capacity and head s hould be s elected at the bes t efficiency point of the larges t diameter
impeller us ed in the pump.
2. S pecific S peed (Ns ) is always calculated for a s ingle s tage.
3. S pecific S peed (Ns ) of any given pump is the s ame at all rotative s peeds .
4. Low s pecific s peed (Ns ) indicates the pump des ign is for low capacity and high head.
5. High s pecific s peed (Ns ) indicates the pump des ign is for high capacity and low head.
E XAMP LE
WHE R E : R /MIM = 1780
G AL/MIN = 200
F T = 14.375
.5
R /MIN x (G AL/MIN) R /MIN x G AL/MIN
Ns = Ns =
F T .75 F T .75
.5
1780 x (200) 1780 x 200
Ns = or Ns =
14.375 .75 14.375 .75
25173.00141 25173.00141
Ns = = 3409.80 Ns = = 3409.80
7.38254 7.38254
P age 20
MOTOR VIBRATION LIMITS
0. 3
0. 1
0. 2
0. 4
1. 0
0. 8
0. 6
"/S
"/S
"/S
"/S
"/S
"/S
"/S
EC
EC
EC
EC
EC
EC
EC
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
15
20' 10
P OINT OF ME AS UR E ME NT-F E E T*
8
DIS TANC E F R OM B AS E TO
P E AK TO P E AK -MILS (0.001")
10'
6
DIS P LAC E ME NT
0. 5G
5' OR LE S S
5' 5
1. 0G
1. 5G
0. 01
0. 1G
0. 00
G 5'
4
1G
20
10
'
'
3
V E E AK
(P
LO )
AC C (P E AK
2
CI
G 's
TY
E LE )
R AT
ON I
60 200 400 600 1000 1500 1800 3000 4000 6000
100 300 500 800 1200 2000 3600 5000
Vibration F requency C ycles P er Minute (R eadings F iltered)
*Measure Vibration at top motor bearing AC C E P TAB LE F IE LD VIB R ATION LIMITS F OR VE R TIC AL P UMP S
(NON-R IG ID S TR UC TUR E S ) - B ased on Hydraulic Institute
S tandards, 14th E dition, 1983
P IC K UP P OINT
( S 90° F R OM DIS C HAR G E ^OF P UMP ; )
T he chart and illus tration repres ented is the recommended
acceptable vibration limits for vertical pumps . Vibrations in
exces s of the chart values may be acceptable if they s how
no continued increas e over long periods of time and there
is no other indication of damage, s uch as an increas e in
bearing clearance or nois e level. C onvers ion formulas for MOTOR
vibration readings are as follows :
4 v
D = 1.910 x 10 where,
f
3 a D = Displacement, peak to
v = 3.696 x 10 peak, in mils (0.001 inches)
f
-4
a = 2.704 x 10 vf v = Velocity, peak, in inches
per second
a = Acceleration, peak, in G 's
f = F requency in cycles per DIS C HAR G E

HE AD
minute
P age 21
TORQUE REGUIRED TO
ACCELERA TE A REVOLVING BODY
Torque (lb. ft.) = WR2 N

307 x t
W = weight in lbs. (weight of impeller + weight of taper lock)
R = radius of gyration in feet OUT E R R ADIUS
N = change in R P M S HAF T
DIA
t = time of acceleration in seconds
Inertia of a cylinder about its axis
Weight (lbs.) x [radius (ft.)] 2
2
WR =
2
Inertia of an impeller about its axis
2 2
2 Weight (lbs.) x [(outer radius in ft.) - (shaft diameter) ]
WR =
2
C ONV E R T ING LINE AR TO R OTAT IONAL INE R T IA
2 W V 2
(
E quivalent WR = ( N
39.48
W = Weight in pounds (lbs.)
V = Linear Velocity in feet per min. (fpm) = 0.262 x Dia. (in.) x R P M
N = Motor speed in R P M when load is moving at velocity V
2
E QUIVALE NT WR F OR B E LT E D OR G E AR E D LOADS
N load 2
WR2 = WR2
(
E quivalent (
(at Motor S haft) (load) N motor
2 Actual C alculated
WR =
WR2 of load
N load = F ull S peed of Load (R P M)
N motor = F ull S peed of Motor (R P M)
P age 22
THRUST
T here are two types of thrus t in a vertical turbine. It's very important to unders tand thes e types and
their effects on performance and failures of pumps and drivers .
In a vertical turbine the water or liquid is picked up by a vaned impeller and dis charged thru a
number of equally s paced diffus ion vanes . S ometimes , if this vane s pacing is not equal or the inlet
angles are not equal, you will have a s mall amount of unbalance radial thrus t due to the hydraulic
forces .
Axial thrus t is created from the pres s ure difference of the impeller and is normally in the downward
pos ition. However, the mos t important is the upward force coming form the velocity of liquid entering
the impeller eye. T he liquid flow enters axially and is turned by the vanes , leaving the impeller in a
s emi-radial direction. T he angle of exit depends on the s pecific s peed. T he upward dynamic force in
the low-s pecific s peed impeller is s ignificant enough to overcome the effect of pres s ure difference,
therefore caus ing a net upthrus t, which will s tart at 120% of B E P. T his is not unus ual for enclos ed
impellers .
In a normal operating pump, the upthrus t is us ually momentary and much s maller than the downthrus t.
B ecaus e the predominant force is downward, driver manufactures des ign their units (whether electric
motors or right angle gear drives ) for continuos downthrus t operation. Mos t drivers are des igned to
handle 30% momentary upthrus t loads . S ometimes , when a pump is run at a very high capacity, the
upthrus t can be greater than the downthrus t, es pecially on clos e coupled turbines .
In a typical deep well turbine, the s tatic weight of the drives haft s erves as s ufficient s tatic head to
offs et mos t upthrus t s ituations . C los e-coupled barrel pumps s hould be s tarted agains t a clos ed valve
or s ys tem head which eliminates the momentary upthrus t problem.
When a pump mus t fill a long pipeline, the initial s tartup head is low and it may run in upthrus t until
the s ys tem head develops . And in s ome applications the NP S HR may exceed the NP S HA allowing it to
run in upthrus t. A throttling valve or temporary orifice plate is a good s olution. T his is es pecially
important in a s ubmers ible pump.
S ome of the problems caus ed by continuous operation in upthrus t are:
1. Mechanical s eal failure caus ed when the s haft moves upward in an exces s amount.
T his changes the adjus tment between the s tationary face and the rotating face.
2. B ent lines haft caus ed by compres s ion loads which caus e rapid bearing wear and
vibration.
3. Impellers can rub or bump the top of the bowls hub caus ing wear on the bowl and
impellers . S ometimes enough pres s ure is applied to loos en the taperlock and allow the
impeller to s pin freely on the s haft.
4. Damage to thrus t bearings in the drivers .
P age 23
THRUST LOADS
(T he total downthrus t produced is the s um of the hydraulic thrus t

plus the s tatic thrus t (dead weight) of the s haft and impellers .
S HAF T WE IG HTS AND AR E AS
DIA. (IN's) 3/4 1 1 3/16 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 11/16 1 15/16 2 3/16 2 1/4 2 7/16
LB S ./F T. 1.50 2.67 3.77 4.17 6.01 7.60 10.02 12.78 13.52 15.87
AR E A 0.44 0.78 1.11 1.23 1.77 2.24 2.95 3.76 3.97 4.67
TOTAL T HR US T F OR MULA
TOTAL THR US T = (K x H x S G ) + (W x S ) + (Imp. Weight x No. of S tages)

K = Thrust F actor for P ump
H = B owl Head (Total Head + C olumn F riction Loss) in F eet
W = Weight of S haft in P ounds
S = S etting (Total C olumn Length) in F eet
S G = S pecific G ravity of Liquid
E XAMP LE : The total thrust for a 12K C A-4 stage pump with a 1 1/2" line shaft with a total
head of 304 feet and a setting of 250 feet, would be calculated as follows:
TOTAL THR US T = (K x H x S G ) + (W x S ) + (Imp. Weight x No. of S tages)
K = 6.50 H = 306 W = 6.01 S = 250 S G = 1.00
TOTAL THR US T = (6.50 x 306 x 1) + (6.01 x 250) + (16 x 4)
= 1989 + 1502.5 + 64 = 3555.5
NOT E S :
T he driver s elected mus t have thrus t capacity greater than the total thrus t value.
T hrus t factors (K ) and impeller weights can be found on the performance curve page for the s pecific model.
F R IC TION H.P. LOS S P E R 100 F E E T

R E VOLUTIONS P E R MINUTE
S HAF T S IZE 3600 2900 1800 1500 1200 1000 900
3/4 0.60 0.52 0.32 0.26 0.20 0.17 0.15

1 1.10 0.88 0.55 0.44 0.35 0.29 0.26
1 3/16 1.45 1.30 0.75 0.61 0.48 0.40 0.36
1 1/4 1.33 0.79 0.67 0.52 0.44 0.39
1 1/2 1.90 1.20 0.96 0.75 0.60 0.55
1 11/16 2.36 1.40 1.20 0.94 0.78 0.70
1 15/16 1.90 1.60 1.20 1.00 0.90
2 3/16 2.30 2.00 1.50 1.30 1.15
2 1/4 2.50 2.07 1.60 1.41 1.26
2 7/16 2.90 2.40 1.90 1.60 1.40
P age 24
NPSHR CALCULA TIONS
NP S H
(NE T P OS IT IV E S UC T ION HE AD) Is the total s uction head in feet of the liquid being pumped (abs olute at the pump
centerline or impeller eye) les s the abs olute vapor pres s ure (in feet) of the liquid being pumped. It mus t always
have a pos itive value and can be calculated by the following equations : To help explain the conditions two
expres s ions
will be us ed: the firs t expres s ion is bas is for when the s uction lift-liquid s upply level is below the pump
centerline
or impeller eye; the s econd expres s ion is bas is for pos itive s uction, (flooded), where the liquid s upply level is
above
the pump centerline or impeller eye. F or S uction Lift: F or P ositive (flooded) S uction:
NP S H = ha - h vpa - h st - h fs NP S H = ha - h vpa + h st - h fs
NP S HR
(NE T P OS IT IV E S UC T ION HE AD R E QUIR E D) Is the amount of s uction head, over vapor pres s ure, required to
prevent more than 3% los s in total head to the firs t s tage of the pump at a s pecific capacity. NP S HR
is obtained by laboratory tes ting, (clos ed loop s ys tem). In a clos ed-loop tes t facility you can obtain deareated
water, which can not be accomplis hed in a open pit ins tallation. Deareation occurs in a clos ed-loop s ys tem
when the s tatic pres s ure is below atmos pheric pres s ure and it increas es at higher water temperature.
T herefore, it is neces s ary to run comparable NP S HR tes t at the s ame water temperature. Als o a clos ed-loop
s ys tem can be us ed in s pecial requirement s ituations when pumping liquids other than water.
*C alculations with regard to NP S HR as follows :

NP S HR = h a - hvpa + ( Zi - Ze )
2.31 2.31 Vs 2
Zs = NP S HR - Pa + P vpa - Z st - + h 3+ h 4
S .G . S .G . 2g
NP S HA
(NE T P OS IT IV E S UC T ION HE AD AVAILAB LE ) Is the total s uction head in feet (meters ) of liquid abs olute, determined
at the firs t s tage impeller datum, les s the abs olute vapor pres s ure of the liquid in feet (meters ).
*C alculations with regard to NP S HA as follows :
2.31
NP S HA = h a - hvpa + Zs OR NP S HA = (P a - P vpa) + Z s
S .G .
S Y MB OLS AND DE F INIT IONS
Zi (R equired s ubmergence ) =NP S HR - h a + hvpa + Zs
ha = abs olute pres s ure (in feet of the liquid being pumped) on the s urface of the liquid s upply level (this will be
barometric pres s ure if s uction is from an open tank or s ump; or the abs olute pres s ure exis ting in a clos ed
tank s uch as a condens er hotwell or deareator).
hvpa = Vapor pres s ure of pumped liquid, ft (m) abs olute, at pumping temperature.
hst = S tatic height in feet that the liquid s upply level is above or below the pump centerline or impeller eye.
hfs = All s uction line los s es (in feet) including entrance los s es and friction los s es through pipe, valves and fittings ,
Zs = ect.
Water depth over impeller eye or the vertical dis tance from the s uction pipe centerline to the eye
of the bottom impeller, ft (m).
Ze = the vertical dis tance from the s uction inlet to the impeller centerline.
Zst = the vertical dis tance from the pumping water level to the dis charge centerline.
Ps = S uction pres s ure, lb/in2 (K P a), above atmos pheric pres s ure. T his may be pos itive or negative.
h3 = F riction los s between pres s ure tap connection and s uction flange.
h4 = S ummation of friction and s hock los s es in s uction elbow and barrel.
Pa = Atmos pheric pres s ure in lb/in2 (K P a) abs olute.
P vpa = Vapor pres s ure of water in lb/in 2(K P a) abs olute at pumping temperature.
S .G . = S pecific gravity of liquid at pumping temperature.
Vs2/2 g = the velocity head in s uction pipe at point of pres s ure tap or piezometer connection.
g = 32.16 feet per s econd (acceleration of gravity).
NOT E S :
T he typical pump curve depicts NP S HR or NP S H with the NP S HR ris ing as the capacity ris es .
P age 25
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
A LT IT UDE vs . AT MOS P HE R IC P R E S S UR E A LT IT UDE OF S OME MA J OR C IT IE S
ALT IT UDE P S IA F T. OF WAT E R C IT Y AP P R OX. ALT IT UDE
0 14.7 34.0 ALB UQUE R QUE 5,200

500 14.4 33.3 ATLANTA 1,100
1,000 14.2 32.8 AMAR ILLO 370
1,500 13.9 32.1 C ALG AR Y 3,440
2,000 13.7 31.5 C HE Y E NNE 6,100
2,500 13.4 31.0 C HIC AG O 600
3,000 13.2 30.4 C INC INNATI 550
3,500 12.9 29.8 C LE VE LAND 700
4,000 12.7 29.2 DE NVE R 5,270
4,500 12.4 28.8 DE TR OIT 580
5,000 12.2 28.2 E DMONTON 2,200
5,500 12.0 27.6 F OR T WOR TH 700
6,000 11.8 27.2 IDAHO FALLS 4,700
6,500 11.5 26.7 K ANS AS C ITY 800
7,000 11.3 26.2 MINNE AP OLIS 900
7,500 11.1 25.7 MONTR E AL 100
8,000 10.9 25.2 NAS HVILLE 500
8,500 10.7 24.7 OMAHA 1,000
9,000 10.5 24.3 OTTAWA 290
9,500 10.3 23.8 P HOE NIX 1,100
10,000 10.1 23.4 P ITTS B UR G H 800
10,500 9.9 22.9 R E G INA 1,900
11,000 9.7 22.4 R OS WE LL 3,570
11,500 9.5 22.0 S ALT LAK E C ITY 4,250
12,000 9.3 21.6 S P OK ANE 1,900
12,500 9.1 21.1 TOR ONTO 350
15,000 8.3 19.2 TULS A 800
WINNIP E G 760
P age 26
ESTIMATING FLOW FROM
HORIZONTAL OR INCLINED PIPES
Where no instruments are available to accurately Using an ordinary rule of carpenters square, measure
measure the flow of water from a pump, the the horizontal distance from the end of the discharge
following method will serve as an approximation. pipe to a point exactly 12 inches above the falling
stream of water. The discharge pipe must be level
and running full of water when the reading is taken.
Multiply this distance (in inches) by the cross sectional
area of the pipe in square inches and the answer
Horizontal Distance = D will be the approximate capacity in gallons per minute.
By checking this method of estimation using accurate
flow meters it has been found a correction factor of
1.015 should be applied.
12"
Flow (GPM)
(GPM ) = A x DD xx 1.105
Where: A = Area of pipe in square inches
D = Horizontal distance in inches
Flow from Full Horizontal Pipe 1.015 = Correction Factor
D Where: A = 78.54 (10" pipe)

D = 20"
12" EXAMPLE: A x D xx 1.105

78.54 x 20 x 1.105
GPM = 1736
Flow from Inclined Pipe
PAR TIALL Y FILLED PIPES
RA TIO EFF . AREA RA TIO EFF . AREA

FF/D
/D = R FACT OR FF/D
/D = R FACT OR
% F % F
5 0.981 55 0.436
10 0.948 60 0.373
15 0.905 65 0.312
20 0.858 70 0.253
Horizontal Distance = D 25 0.805 75 0.195
F
30 0.747 80 0.142
35 0.688 85 0.095
12" 40 0.627 90 0.052
45 0.564 95 0.019
50 0.500 100 0.000
EXAMPLE: D = 20 Inches - Pipe inside diameter = 10 inches -

Flow From Horizontal Pipe (Partially Filled) F = 2 1/2 inches
A = 10 x 10 x 0.7854 = 78.54 square inches
Flow (GPM)
(GPM ) = A x DD xx 1.039 x F
R == 22 11/2
/2 - 10 = 25%
Where: A = Area of pipe in square inches
F = 0.805
D = Horizontal distance in inches
F = Ef
E ffective
fective area factor shown below Flow = 78.54 x 20 x 1.039 x 0.805 = 1314 GPM
Area of pipe equals inside Dia. x 0.7854 2
Page 27
ORIFICE METHOD OF
MEASURING WATER
DIA. OF OR IF IC E IN INC HE S
R =
DIA. OF DIS C HAR G E P IP E
G .P.M. = K A 2gh = K A x 8.025 h
AR E A OF OR IF IC E
A=
IN S QUAR E INC HE S
HE IG HT OF WATE R IN G LAS S
h=
AB OVE C E NTE R OF P IP E
IN INC HE S
NOT LE S S
T HAN 20 IN.
NOT LE S S T HAN
3 F T. F R OM ANY
OB S T R UC T ION
0.5
0.6
C ONS TANT K US E D IN F OR MULA
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
R atio of Dia. of Orifice to Dia. of Discharge P ipe = R
piece of pipe is s crewed into this hole until the inner

T he orifice method is a s imple way to meas ure the end is jus t flus h with the inner wall of the dis charge
flow of water from a pipe dis charging horizontally in- pipe. A piece of rubber hos e is s lipped over this pipe
to open air without bends or obs truction in the las t
three feet. T he s ketch s hows the arrangement. and als o over one end of a piece of glas s tubing s up-
ported in a vertical pos ition.
A plate is clamped over the end of the pipe with the
circular orifice located at the exact center of the pipe. T he diameter of the orifice divided by the ins ide pipe
T he s ize of the orifice s hould preferably be from one- diameter gives the ratio "R " and from the curve the
half to three-quarter the s ize of the pipe, but mus t be proper value of "K " is found. In the formula "A" is
s elected of s uch s ize that it will be running full of figured as the area of the orifice in s quare inches ,
water. "G " equals 32.2, and "H" is read as the height of the
At a point on the s ide of the dis charge pipe not les s water column in the glas s tube above the center of
than 20 inches back from the orifice a hole s hould be the pipe in inches . G allons per minute "G .P.M." can
drilled and tapped for an 1/8" or 1/4" pipe. A s hort then be figured. T his method is s impler than a weir
and fully as accurate.
P age 28
ORIFICE METHOD OF
MEASURING WATER
G ALLONS P E R MINUTE G ALLONS P E R MINUTE
H. 3" 4" 6" 6" 8" 10" H. 3" 4" 6" 6" 8" 10"
H P IP E P IP E P IP E P IP E P IP E P IP E H P IP E P IP E P IP E P IP E P IP E P IP E
INC HE S INC HE S
1 3/4" 2 1/2" 3" 4 3/4" 6" 8" 1 3/4" 2 1/2" 3" 4 3/4" 6" 8"
OR IF IC E OR IF IC E ORIFIC E ORIFIC E OR IF IC E OR IF IC E OR IF IC E OR IF IC E OR IF IC E OR IF IC E OR IF IC E OR IF IC E
1 1.000 11.3 24.0 31.7 101.6 154.5 296.5 61 7.810 88.3 187.5 248.1 793.0 1207.0 2314.0
2 1.414 16.1 33.9 44.9 143.8 218.5 419.0 62 7.874 89.2 189.0 250.1 799.0 1217.0 2332.0
3 1.732 19.6 41.6 55.2 176.0 267.6 513.0 63 7.937 89.8 190.5 252.1 806.0 1227.0 2352.0
4 2.000 22.7 48.0 63.5 203.3 309.0 593.0 64 8.000 90.6 192.0 254.1 813.0 1237.0 2371.0
5 2.236 25.3 53.6 71.1 227.4 345.5 692.0 65 8.062 91.3 193.5 256.1 819.0 1247.0 2389.0
6 2.449 27.8 58.8 77.8 249.0 378.5 727.0 66 8.124 92.2 195.2 258.1 826.0 1256.0 2408.0
7 2.646 30.0 63.5 84.0 268.7 409.0 785.0 67 8.185 92.7 196.4 260.1 832.0 1265.0 2426.0
8 2.828 32.0 67.9 89.9 287.2 437.0 838.0 68 8.246 93.4 198.0 262.0 837.0 1274.0 2442.0
9 3.000 34.0 72.0 95.4 305.0 463.0 889.0 69 8.307 94.1 199.5 264.0 844.0 1284.0 2461.0
10 3.162 35.9 76.0 100.6 321.2 488.0 938.0 70 8.367 94.8 201.0 265.9 850.0 1293.0 2479.0
11 3.317 37.6 79.6 105.4 337.0 512.0 982.0 71 8.426 95.5 202.3 267.9 856.0 1303.0 2496.0
12 3.464 39.3 83.2 110.2 352.0 530.0 1027.0 72 8.485 96.1 203.9 269.9 862.0 1312.0 2518.0
13 3.606 40.8 86.6 114.6 367.0 557.0 1069.0 73 8.544 96.8 205.0 271.9 868.0 1321.0 2538.0
14 3.742 42.3 89.8 119.0 381.0 577.5 1108.0 74 8.602 97.5 206.6 273.8 874.0 1330.0 2550.0
15 3.873 43.9 93.0 123.1 394.0 598.0 1148.0 75 8.660 98.2 208.0 275.6 880.0 1339.0 2565.0
16 4.000 45.3 96.0 127.2 407.0 618.0 1186.0 76 8.718 98.8 209.3 277.2 886.0 1348.0 2583.0
17 4.123 46.7 98.9 131.0 419.0 637.0 1222.0 77 8.775 99.4 210.6 279.0 892.0 1356.0 2605.0
18 4.243 48.1 101.8 135.0 432.0 655.0 1258.0 78 8.832 100.1 211.9 280.8 898.0 1365.0 2619.0
19 4.359 49.3 104.7 138.5 442.0 673.0 1291.0 79 8.888 100.7 213.2 282.7 903.0 1374.0 2632.0
20 4.472 50.7 107.4 142.3 454.0 692.0 1327.0 80 8.944 101.3 214.6 284.0 908.0 1383.0 2653.0
21 4.583 52.0 110.0 145.8 466.0 708.0 1359.0 81 9.000 102.0 216.0 286.0 914.0 1392.0 2664.0
22 4.690 53.2 112.6 149.3 477.0 725.0 1391.0 82 9.055 102.6 217.3 287.8 920.0 1400.0 2682.0
23 4.796 54.3 115.0 152.5 487.0 740.0 1421.0 83 9.110 103.2 218.6 289.4 926.0 1408.0 2700.0
24 4.899 55.5 117.6 155.7 497.0 757.0 1452.0 84 9.165 103.8 219.9 291.0 932.0 1416.0 2713.0
25 5.000 56.7 120.0 159.0 508.0 772.0 1482.0 85 9.220 104.4 221.2 292.6 937.0 1424.0 2731.0
26 5.099 57.7 122.3 162.0 518.0 788.0 1512.0 86 9.274 105.2 222.6 294.6 942.0 1433.0 2748.0
27 5.196 58.8 124.8 165.2 528.0 802.0 1539.0 87 9.327 105.7 223.9 296.6 947.0 1441.0 2764.0
28 5.292 60.0 127.0 168.4 538.0 817.0 1568.0 88 9.381 106.3 225.2 298.2 953.0 1449.0 2780.0
29 5.385 61.1 129.2 171.3 547.0 833.0 1598.0 89 9.434 106.9 226.4 300.0 958.0 1457.0 2798.0
30 5.477 62.1 131.5 174.2 557.0 846.0 1623.0 90 9.487 107.5 227.6 301.6 964.0 1465.0 2812.0
31 5.568 63.0 133.8 177.0 566.0 860.0 1651.0 91 9.539 108.0 228.9 303.2 970.0 1473.0 2827.0
32 5.657 64.0 135.9 180.0 575.0 874.0 1675.0 92 9.592 108.7 230.2 304.8 975.0 1481.0 2845.0
33 5.745 65.1 137.9 182.7 584.0 887.0 1702.0 93 9.644 109.3 231.5 306.4 980.0 1489.0 2859.0
34 5.831 66.1 140.0 185.5 593.0 900.0 1729.0 94 9.695 109.8 232.7 308.0 985.0 1497.0 2875.0
35 5.916 67.0 141.8 188.0 602.0 913.0 1751.0 95 9.747 110.4 233.9 309.6 990.0 1505.0 2890.0
36 6.000 68.0 144.0 190.8 610.0 927.0 1779.0 96 9.798 111.0 235.2 311.2 995.0 1513.0 2905.0
37 6.083 68.9 146.0 193.5 617.0 940.0 1802.0 97 9.849 111.6 236.5 312.8 1000.0 1521.0 2920.0
38 6.164 69.8 148.0 196.0 626.0 952.0 1828.0 98 9.900 112.2 237.6 314.7 1006.0 1529.0 2936.0
39 6.245 70.7 149.9 198.5 634.0 964.0 1850.0 99 9.950 112.7 238.8 316.2 1011.0 1537.0 2950.0
40 6.325 71.7 151.9 201.0 643.0 977.0 1875.0 100 10.000 113.3 240.0 317.7 1017.0 1545.0 2965.0
41 6.403 72.5 153.8 203.5 651.0 989.0 1899.0 101 10.050 113.9 241.2 319.3 1022.0 1553.0 2980.0
42 6.481 73.4 155.7 206.0 659.0 1001.0 1921.0 102 10.100 114.4 242.4 321.0 1027.0 1560.0 2995.0
43 6.557 74.2 157.5 208.5 666.0 1013.0 1942.0 103 10.149 115.0 243.8 322.6 1032.0 1568.0 3010.0
44 6.633 75.0 159.2 211.0 674.0 1025.0 1965.0 104 10.198 115.5 244.8 324.0 1037.0 1573.0 3025.0
45 6.708 75.9 161.0 213.5 681.0 1037.0 1987.0 105 10.247 116.2 246.0 325.9 1042.0 1583.0 3039.0
46 6.782 76.8 162.8 215.7 689.0 1049.0 2010.0 106 10.296 116.6 247.2 327.0 1047.0 1591.0 3052.0
47 6.856 77.7 164.9 218.0 696.0 1060.0 2032.0 107 10.344 117.2 248.4 328.8 1052.0 1598.0 3068.0
48 6.928 78.5 166.4 220.0 704.0 1071.0 2050.0 108 10.392 117.7 249.4 330.0 1057.0 1606.0 3079.0
49 7.000 79.2 168.0 222.5 712.0 1082.0 2073.0 109 10.440 118.3 250.6 332.0 1062.0 1613.0 3095.0
50 7.071 80.0 169.9 224.7 718.0 1093.0 2095.0 110 10.488 118.8 251.7 333.6 1067.0 1620.0 3110.0
51 7.141 80.8 171.5 227.0 725.0 1104.0 2118.0 111 10.536 119.4 252.8 335.0 1071.0 1628.0 3128.0
52 7.211 81.6 173.1 229.0 732.0 1114.0 2135.0 112 10.583 119.9 254.0 336.5 1076.0 1635.0 3140.0
53 7.280 82.5 174.9 231.5 740.0 1125.0 2157.0 113 10.630 120.4 255.2 338.0 1081.0 1642.0 3152.0
54 7.349 83.2 176.3 233.5 747.0 1135.0 2178.0 114 10.677 121.0 256.2 339.5 1086.0 1650.0 3163.0
55 7.416 83.8 178.0 235.5 753.0 1145.0 2195.0 115 10.724 121.3 257.5 341.0 1090.0 1657.0 3179.0
56 7.483 84.8 179.5 238.0 761.0 1156.0 2219.0 116 10.770 122.0 258.5 342.5 1095.0 1664.0 3193.0
57 7.550 85.5 181.4 240.0 767.0 1167.0 2239.0 117 10.817 122.5 259.6 344.0 1100.0 1671.0 3210.0
58 7.616 86.2 182.8 242.0 773.0 1177.0 2253.0 118 10.863 123.1 260.7 345.5 1105.0 1678.0 3219.0
59 7.681 86.8 184.2 244.2 781.0 1187.0 2278.0 119 10.909 123.6 261.8 347.0 1109.0 1685.4 3235.0
60 7.746 87.7 186.0 246.2 787.0 1197.0 2297.0 120 10.955 124.1 262.9 348.3 1114.0 1693.0 3243.0
To arrive at capacities in G allons per Minute when the reading of H is more than 120" us e the following formulas :
G .P.M. 3" pipe 1 3/4" orifice = 11.329 x the square root of H. G .P.M. 6" pipe 4 3/4" orifice = 101.69 x the square root of H.
G .P.M. 4" pipe 2 1/2" orifice = 24.00 x the square root of H. G .P.M. 8" pipe 6" orifice = 154.50 x the square root of H.
G .P.M. 6" pipe 3" orifice = 31.77 x the square root of H. G .P.M. 10" pipe 8" orifice = 296.50 x the square root of H.
P age 29
SHAFT ADJUSTMENT
11 12
P
10
"-
2P
6
/1
1 1 2P
-1
2P
11
P
1
/2 "
1
9
-1
3 /4 " - 1 6
P
"-
12
12P
/1 6
"-
"
NUMB E R OF T UR NS OF A DJ US T ING NUT
/1 6
6
17
/1
1" -
15
13
8 P
1 12
"-
/1 6
7 23
P age 30
6
P
- 12
5 16"
2 7/
- 8P
/1 6 "
4 2 11 8P
16" -
2 15/
3
2
NOT E : P = pitch = threads per inch
F or 16P each turn = 1/16" = .062"
1
F or 12P each turn = 1/12" = .083"
F or 8P each turn = 1/8" = .125"
0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
C = (MILLION)
SHAFT STRETCH
THRUST LOAD
T herefore the thrus t is well within the permis s ible load for the
s tandard heavy thrus t motor. If the thrus t load exceeded the
T he turbine pump lines haft s tretches when the pump is in motor rating, and extra heavy thrus t bearing would be required.
operation due to a downward pull or hydraulic thrus t. T he
s tretch due to this thrus t may be determined and the S ee R evers e for S haft Adjus tment C hart.
impellers rais ed by that amount s o that they will operate in
the des ired location with res pect to the bowls when the pump
is running. S haft Weight P er F oot
Diameter (Lbs.)
C areful adjus tment mus t be made, particularly with s emi-open
impellers where optimum performance is obtained with only a 3/4" 1.50
few thous ands of an inch clearance between the bottom of
the impeller and the bowl face. F or s ide s eal or combination 1" 2.70
s eal impellers , the location is not critical, and they are us ually 1 3/16" 3.80
s et s o there is adequate clearance to prevent rubbing.
1 7/16" 6
T he E nd P lay (Lateral) - T hrus t C ons tant table s hows the
thrus t cons tant (K ) for each bowl s ize repres enting the 1 1/2" 6
pounds thrus t for each foot of pumping head.
1 11/16" 7.60
F ollowing is a curve s heet indicating the turns of the 1 15/16" 10.00
adjus ting nut to equal the s haft s tretch as a function of "C "
for various s haft s izes . 2 3/16" 13
"C " is the product of bowl thrus t cons tant (K ), the total 2 7/16" 15.90
pumping head and the s haft length or s etting. 2 11/16" 19.30
2 15/16" 23
The following is an example of how the shaft stretch is
determined: B owls 12MC
S haft S ize 1 3/16"
S etting 400'
Total Head 180'
"C " = B owl thrust constant (K ) x total pumping head x
setting = 10.6 x 180 ft. x 400 ft. = 763,200.
F rom chart for "C " on back = 763,200 and 1 3/16" shaft,
number of turns = 3.25.
T he s haft s hould be rais ed 0.85 turns after the impellers jus t

clear the bowl face to allow for the s haft s tretch due to
hydraulic thrus t.
T HR US T B E AR ING LOAD
T he thrus t-bearing load that the driver thrus t bearing mus t

carry can be determined by adding the weight of the
lines hafting to the product of the thrus t cons tant (K ) and the
total pumping head plus the weight of impellers .
T he table below s how the weight of the lines hafting for
common s izes .
E xample: B owls 12MC B 3
Total Head 180'
S etting 400'
S haft S ize 1 3/16"
Motor 75 Hp 1750 R P M
Hydraulic T hrus t = thrus t cons tant (K ) times total head (ft.).

T hrus t cons tant from the table for 12MC = 10.6 Lbs . per
foot.
Hydraulic T hrus t = 10.6 Lbs ./ft. x 180 ft. = 1,908 Lbs .
S haft weight per foot for 1 1 3/16" s hafting from Data
S heet E 210A = 3.8 Lbs . per foot.
Total s haft weight = 3.8 Lbs ./ft. x 400' = 1520 Lbs .
Total Impeller weight = 3 x 15 = 45 Lbs .
Total load on thrus t bearing equals hydraulic thrus t plus s haft
weight plus impeller wt. 1908 Lbs . + 1520 Lbs . + 45 Lbs . =
3,473 Lbs .
F rom the motor manufacture's s pecification, allowable thrus t
load for 75 Hp, 1,750 R P M motor is 4,800 Lbs .
31
SHAFT SELECTION CHART
P UMP THR US T (LB S )

S HAF T 1,000 2,000 3,000 5,000 7,500 10,000 15,000 20,000 30,000
SPEED
DIAME TE R (rpm) P OWE R R ATING (H.P.)
(in.) 1045 S S 1045 S S 1045 S S 1045 S S 1045 S S 1045 S S 1045 S S 1045 S S 1045 S S
3450 114 140 114 140 113 139 111 139 107 134
2900 95 117 94 117 94 116 92 115 88 112
2200 72 89 72 89 71 88 70 87 67 85
1 1760 57 70 57 70 57 70 56 69 53 67
1460 47 58 47 58 47 58 46 57 44 55
1160 38 46 37 46 37 46 36 55 35 44
880 N/A 34 N/A 34 N/A 34 N/A 33 N/A 32
3450 203 248 202 248 202 247 200 245 196 243 191 238
2900 168 208 168 208 167 207 166 205 162 204 158 200
2200 127 158 127 158 127 157 125 156 123 154 120 151
1760 102 124 101 124 101 124 100 123 98 122 96 120
1 3/16
1460 84 102 84 102 84 102 83 102 82 101 80 99
1160 67 82 67 82 67 82 66 81 65 80 63 79
880 61 60 60 60 59 58
770 48 47 47 47 46 46
3450 433 530 432 528 429 526 425 523 413 514
2900 359 445 357 443 355 442 352 439 342 432
2200 272 337 271 336 269 335 267 333 260 327
1760 217 266 217 265 215 264 213 263 208 258
1 1/2
1460 180 220 180 219 179 218 177 218 172 214
1160 143 175 143 175 143 174 140 173 137 170
880 106 130 106 129 105 129 104 128 101 126
700 103 102 101 101 100
2200 485 485 483 482 476
1760 318 388 317 388 316 387 314 386 309 381 302
1460 263 321 263 321 262 321 260 320 256 316 250
1 11/16
1160 209 256 209 256 208 255 207 254 204 251 199
880 155 190 155 189 154 189 153 188 151 186 147
700 151 150 150 149 147
1760 493 603 492 602 490 601 486 597 480 592 578
1460 409 500 408 499 407 498 403 495 398 491 384 479
1 15/16 1160 325 397 324 397 323 396 320 394 316 390 305 381
880 241 294 240 294 239 293 237 292 234 289 226 282
700 233 233 233 232 229 224
1760 724 885 723 884 721 883 718 880 712 876 697 863
1460 600 734 599 733 598 732 595 729 591 726 578 715
2 3/16 1160 477 583 476 582 475 582 473 580 469 577 459 569
880 353 432 353 432 352 431 350 430 348 428 340 422
700 280 343 280 343 279 342 278 342 276 340 270 335
1760 951 1163 949 1162 946 1159 941 1155 927 1144
1460 788 964 787 963 785 961 782 958 769 948
2 7/16 1160 626 766 626 765 623 764 620 761 611 754
880 464 568 464 567 462 566 460 560 453 558
700 369 568 369 450 367 450 365 445 360 443
1760 2106 2103 2100 2091
1460 1746 1744 1741 1734
2 15/16 1160 1387 1385 1383 1377
880 1053 1051 1050 1045
700 837 836 835 831
*Determine pump thrust from the thrust constant and shaft stretch thrust load pages of this section.
P age 32
SHAFT ELONGA TION
Inches per 100 F t. of S haft

US E OF THIS TAB LE IS LIMITE D TO 500 F T. S E TT
TTING
ING . F OR DE E P E R S E TTING , C ONS ULT THE FAC TOR Y
S HAF T DIAME TE R
HY DR AULIC
3/4 1 1 3/16 1 1/2 1 11/16 1 15/16 2 3/16 2 7/16 2 11/16 2 15/16 3 3/16 3 7/16 3 11/16 3 15/16
THR US T
500 0.047 0.026 0.018 0.012 0.009 0.007
600 0.056 0.032 0.022 0.014 0.011 0.008 0.006
800 0.075 0.042 0.030 0.019 0.015 0.011 0.009
1000 0.094 0.053 0.037 0.024 0.019 0.014 0.011 0.009
1200 0.112 0.063 0.045 0.028 0.022 0.017 0.013 0.011
1400 0.131 0.074 0.052 0.033 0.026 0.020 0.015 0.012 0.010
1600 0.150 0.084 0.060 0.038 0.030 0.022 0.018 0.014 0.012
1800 0.169 0.095 0.067 0.042 0.033 0.025 0.020 0.016 0.013 0.011
2000 0.187 0.105 0.075 0.047 0.037 0.028 0.022 0.018 0.015 0.012
2400 0.225 0.127 0.090 0.056 0.044 0.034 0.026 0.021 0.018 0.015 0.012
2800 0.262 0.148 0.105 0.066 0.052 0.039 0.030 0.025 0.020 0.017 0.015
3200 0.169 0.119 0.075 0.059 0.045 0.035 0.028 0.023 0.020 0.017 0.014
3600 0.190 0.135 0.085 0.067 0.051 0.040 0.032 0.026 0.022 0.019 0.016
4000 0.211 0.150 0.094 0.074 0.056 0.044 0.036 0.029 0.025 0.021 0.018 0.016
4400 0.240 0.164 0.103 0.081 0.062 0.048 0.039 0.032 0.027 0.024 0.020 0.017
4800 0.253 0.179 0.113 0.089 0.067 0.053 0.043 0.035 0.029 0.025 0.021 0.019 0.016
5200 0.274 0.194 0.122 0.096 0.073 0.057 0.046 0.038 0.032 0.027 0.023 0.020 0.018
5600 0.209 0.131 0.107 0.079 0.062 0.050 0.041 0.034 0.029 0.025 0.022 0.019
6000 0.224 0.141 0.111 0.084 0.066 0.053 0.044 0.037 0.031 0.027 0.023 0.020
6500 0.243 0.153 0.120 0.091 0.071 0.058 0.047 0.040 0.034 0.029 0.025 0.022
7000 0.260 0.164 0.129 0.098 0.077 0.062 0.051 0.043 0.036 0.031 0.027 0.024
7500 0.176 0.139 0.105 0.082 0.067 0.055 0.046 0.039 0.033 0.029 0.026
8000 0.188 0.148 0.112 0.088 0.071 0.058 0.049 0.042 0.036 0.031 0.027
9000 0.211 0.167 0.126 0.098 0.080 0.066 0.055 0.047 0.040 0.035 0.031
10,000 0.234 0.185 0.140 0.110 0.089 0.073 0.061 0.052 0.045 0.039 0.034
12,000 0.281 0.222 0.168 0.132 0.106 0.088 0.073 0.062 0.054 0.047 0.041
14,000 0.259 0.196 0.154 0.124 0.102 0.086 0.073 0.062 0.055 0.048
16,000 0.296 0.224 0.176 0.142 0.117 0.098 0.083 0.071 0.062 0.054
18,000 0.252 0.198 0.160 0.131 0.110 0.093 0.080 0.070 0.061
20,000 0.280 0.220 0.176 0.146 0.122 0.104 0.089 0.078 0.068
22,000 0.242 0.195 0.160 0.134 0.114 0.098 0.086 0.074
24,000 0.264 0.213 0.175 0.147 0.124 0.107 0.094 0.082
26,000 0.286 0.230 0.190 0.159 0.135 0.116 0.102 0.088
28,000 0.248 0.204 0.171 0.145 0.125 0.109 0.095
30,000 0.266 0.219 0.183 0.156 0.134 0.117 0.104
32,000 0.283 0.233 0.196 0.166 0.143 0.125 0.109
34,000 0.248 0.208 0.176 0.152 0.133 0.116
36,000 0.262 0.220 0.187 0.160 0.140 0.122
38,000 0.277 0.232 0.197 0.170 0.148 0.129
40,000 0.292 0.245 0.207 0.178 0.156 0.136
Downthrus t due to the hydraulic thrus t of the pump caus es the s haft and column to s tretch after the pump is in operation. Unles s the impellers can be and
are rais ed off the impeller fit in the bowls enough to allow for this s tretch plus s ome running clearance, the impellers will rub, caus ing the pump to wear and
increas e the hors epower required. With the total hydraulic downthrus t known and the C olumn E longation determined from this C hart the total s tretch of the
column tube for the s etting in ques tion can be determined. To find the net elongation s ubtract the s haft elongation from column elongation.
Where:
e = E longation (in inches )
L x 12 x H.T. L = S haft Length (feet)
e= E = Modulus of E las ticity (29,000,000)
E x G .S .A. H.T. = Hydraulic T hrus t (pounds )
G .S .A. = G ros s S haft Area (s q. inches )
P age 33
COLUMN AND TUBE
ELONGATION
Inches per 100 Ft. of Column (For open Line Shaft Column multiply values by 1.3)
USE OF THIS TABLE IS LIMITED TO 500 FT . SETTING. FOR DEEPER SETTING, CONSUL T THE FOACT OR Y
COLUMN DIAMETER
Standard pipe, nominal I.D. except as indicated by*
HYDRAULIC 3" 4" 5" 6" 8" 10" 12" 14" 16"
THRUST
500 0.007 0.005 0.004 0.003
600 0.008 0.006 0.005 0.004
800 0.01 1 0.008 0.006 0.005
1000 0.013 0.010 0.008 0.006 0.004
1200 0.016 0.012 0.009 0.007 0.005
1400 0.019 0.014 0.01 1 0.008 0.006
1600 0.021 0.016 0.012 0.009 0.007 0.005
1800 0.024 0.018 0.014 0.01 1 0.008 0.006
2000 0.027 0.020 0.015 0.012 0.009 0.007
2400 0.032 0.023 0.019 0.014 0.010 0.008 0.006
2800 0.037 0.027 0.022 0.016 0.012 0.010 0.007
3200 0.043 0.031 0.025 0.019 0.014 0.01 1 0.008
3600 0.048 0.035 0.028 0.021 0.016 0.012 0.009 0.008
4000 0.039 0.031 0.023 0.017 0.014 0.010 0.008
4400 0.043 0.034 0.026 0.019 0.015 0.01 1 0.009
4800 0.047 0.037 0.028 0.021 0.016 0.013 0.010 0.009
5200 0.051 0.040 0.030 0.023 0.018 0.014 0.01 1 0.010
5600 0.055 0.043 0.033 0.024 0.019 0.015 0.012 0.01 1
6000 0.046 0.035 0.026 0.020 0.016 0.013 0.01 1
6500 0.050 0.038 0.028 0.022 0.017 0.014 0.012
7000 0.054 0.041 0.030 0.024 0.018 0.015 0.013
7500 0.058 0.044 0.033 0.025 0.020 0.016 0.014
8000 0.062 0.047 0.035 0.027 0.021 0.017 0.015
9000 0.053 0.039 0.030 0.023 0.019 0.017
10,000 0.059 0.043 0.034 0.026 0.021 0.019
12,000 0.070 0.052 0.041 0.031 0.025 0.023
14,000 0.082 0.061 0.048 0.036 0.029 0.026
16,000 0.094 0.070 0.054 0.042 0.034 0.030
18,000 0.078 0.061 0.047 0.038 0.034
20,000 0.087 0.068 0.052 0.042 0.037
22,000 0.096 0.075 0.057 0.046 0.041
24,000 0.104 0.082 0.063 0.050 0.045
26,000 0.113 0.088 0.068 0.055 0.049
28,000 0.095 0.073 0.059 0.052
30,000 0.102 0.078 0.063 0.056
32,000 0.109 0.083 0.067 0.060
34,000 0.115 0.089 0.071 0.064
36,000 0.122 0.094 0.076 0.068
38,000 0.129 0.099 0.080 0.071
40,000 0.136 0.104 0.084 0.075
Downthrust due to the hydraulic thrust of the pump causes the shaft and column to stretch after the pump is in operation. Unless
the impellers can be and are raised off the impeller fit in the bowls enough to allow for this stretch plus some running clearance, the
impellers will rub, causing the pump to wear and increase the horsepower required. With the total hydraulic downthrust known and the
Column Elongation determined from this Chart the total stretch of the column tube for the setting in question can be determined. To To
find the net elongation subtract the shaft elongation from column elongation.
e = Elongation (in inches)

L x 1122 x H
H.T
.T.. L = Shaft Length (feet)
e= E = Modulus of Elasticity (29,000,000)
E x G.S.A. H.T . = Hydraulic Thrust (pounds)
G.S.A. = Gross Shaft Area (sq. inches)
Page 34
THRUST BEARING
HORSEPOWER
T he publis hed efficiencies of drivers do not include any

external thrus t on rotor. T he thrus t load as a unit operating
los s mus t be added to the brake hors epower along with
mechanical friction in B HP to arrive at the actual pump brake
hors epower requirements of a pump (field B HP ).
F OR MULA:
C onvert total thrust to loss in H.P. by the following formula:
Thrust B earing H.P. = 0.0075 x x R PM THR US T
100 1000
E xample: Total Thrust of 4457.3
Thrust B earing H.P. = 0.0075 x x 1770 4457.3

100 1000
= 0.6 Thrust B earing H.P. Loss.
THR US T B E AR ING LOS S E S

TOTAL THR US T B E AR ING LOS S
THR US T
R PM
IN
P OUNDS 3500 1770 1170 880
1000 0.262 0.133 0.088 0.066

2000 0.525 0.268 0.175 0.132
3000 0.790 0.400 0.263 0.198
4000 1.05 0.532 0.350 0.264
5000 1.32 0.665 0.438 0.330
6000 1.58 0.796 0.525 0.396
7000 1.84 0.930 0.615 0.460
8000 2.10 1.06 0.700 0.528
9000 2.36 1.20 0.79 0.593
10,000 2.62 1.33 0.88 0.66
15,000 3.95 1.98 1.40 0.99
20,000 5.25 2.68 1.75 1.32
25,000 3.32 2.20 1.65
30,000 4.00 2.63 1.98
35,000 4.65 3.07 2.30
40,000 5.32 3.50 2.64
45,000 5.98 3.95 2.97
50,000 4.38 3.30
NOT E :
T HE AB OV E E XP R E S S ION IS B AS E D ON ANG ULAR
C ONTAC T ANT I-F R IC T ION B E AR ING S ONLY.
P age 35
POWER CONSUMPTION
AND COST
P OWE R C ONS UMP TION OF E LE C TR IC MOTOR S 5. F or convenience the following table may be used to
There are two methods commonly used to check the power estimate power consumption and cost of operation when
consumption of an electric motor. the overall efficiencies are known. The table gives power
consumed pumping 1000 G P M at one foot total head at
The first of these requires the use of an ammeter and various overall pump efficiencies.
voltmeter. The following formula is then used utilizing the
instrument readings:
OVE R ALL K ILOWATTS OVE R ALL K ILOWATTS
K ilowatts = I x E x P.F. x C E F F IC IE NC Y P E R 1000 E F F IC IE NC Y P E R 1000
1000 P UMP G ALLONS AT P UMP G ALLONS AT
UNIT ONE F OOT TDH UNIT ONE F OOT TDH
where I = amperes (meter reading) 32 0.00980 62 0.00506
E = volts (meter reading) 33 0.00951 63 0.00498
34 0.00922 64 0.00490
P.F. = P ower F actor (S ee manufacturer's 35 0.00896 65 0.00482
published operating characteristics for 36 0.00871 66 0.00475
vertical motors.) 37 0.00848 67 0.00468
C = 1 for single phase current 38 0.00826 68 0.00461
= 2 for two phase, four wire control 39 0.00804 69 0.00454
= 1.73 for three phase current 40 0.00784 70 0.00448
41 0.00765 71 0.00442
The second method commonly used to determine power 42 0.00747 72 0.00435
consumption utilizes the watt-hour meter in the power line. 43 0.00730 73 0.00430
The exact time for a given number of revolutions of the meter 44 0.00713 74 0.00424
disc is measured with a stopwatch and the following formula 45 0.00697 75 0.00418
used: 46 0.00682 76 0.00413
47 0.00667 77 0.00407
K ilowatts = 3.6 x K x M x R /t 48 0.00653 78 0.00402
where K = Disc constant, representing watt-hours per 49 0.00640 79 0.00397
revolution. This factor is found on the meter 50 0.00627 80 0.00392
nameplate or painted on the disc. 51 0.00615 81 0.00387
52 0.00603 82 0.00382
M = P roduct of current transformer ratio and
53 0.00592 83 0.00378
potential transformer ratio. (When either 54 0.00581 84 0.00373
transformer is not used the equivalent ratio 55 0.00570 85 0.00369
is 1.)
56 0.00560 86 0.00365
R = Total revolutions of watt-hour meter disc. 57 0.00550 87 0.00360
58 0.00541 88 0.00356
t = Time for total revolutions of disc in seconds.
59 0.00532 89 0.00352
C OS T OF P UMP ING US ING AN E LE C TR IC MOTOR 60 0.00523 90 0.00348
The cost of operating a vertical turbine pump may be 61 0.00514
determined by several different methods.
Overall efficiency as indicated is the input-output efficiency
1. If the cost of operation per hour is desired, the power including all losses in the pump unit, pumping 1000 gallons
consumption as determined by use of the methods of clear water one foot of total head. Therefore, in
previously described may be used: determining the kilowatts per 1000 gallon pumped, it is
only necessary to multiply the factor corresponding to the
C ost/hour of operation = K W's consumed x cost per K Wh. overall efficiency by the number of feet head at which the
total dynamic head has been calculated.
2. The cost of operation may be estimated by determining
the input horsepower and converting it to kilowatts: E XAMP LE : Assume an overall efficiency of 65% and a total
head of 200 feet.
C ost/hour of operation = 1 HP x 0.746 x cost per K Wh.
K ilowatts per 1000 gallons = 0.00482 x 200 = 0.964
3. A somewhat less accurate estimate may be made by
using the following formula:
C ost/hr. of operation = G P M x Tot. Hd. x 0.746 x C ost/K Wh
3960 x P ump E ff. x Motor E ff.
4. It is often desirable to express the cost of operating a
pump in terms of "cost per 1000 gallons". To do this the
above figures of cost per hour of operation may be used
with the rated capacity of the pump as follows:
C ost per 1000 G allons = C ost per Hour
1000
P age 36
PUMP SPEED TORQUE
CURVE AND FORMULA
100
90
80
70
% TORQUE
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
% SPEED
The driver must be capable of supplying more torque at each successive speed from
zero to full load RPM than what is required by the pump in order to reach rated speed.
This means that the Speed - Torque curve of the driver must not intersect the pump
torque curve anywhere on the curve before 100% speed is reached.
(5250) (BHP)
Torque (ft. lbs.) =
RPM
Torque varies as the square of the speed; therefore, to obtain torque at:
3/4 speed - multiply full speed torque by 0.563
1/2 speed - multiply full speed torque by 0.250
1/4 speed - multiply full load speed torque by 0.063
1/8 speed - multiply full load speed torque by 0.016
NOTE: If the pump starts against a closed valve, use the shut off BHP for torque calculation.
*Based on Hydraulic Institute Standards.
Page 37
CORROSION
Webs ter defines it as the "action or proces s or effect of corroding" and corroding is defined as "eating away by
degrees by chemical action". P ertaining to pumps , we s hould think of corros ion as any action which is detrimental
to
its performance. T hus , a pump's performance can be des troyed by corros ion, abras ion or plugging action of s olids ,
or a combination of the above.
12/15 P S I above the maximum des ign pres s ure. T he s haft

T he us ual is to think in terms of only one of thes e s hould be in an enclos ed tube or with fluid injected
conditions being pres ent and affecting the pump's through the s pider to the line s haft bearing. B y bringing a
performance. In the cas e of metallic corros ion where flus hing line down to the tail bearing and rifle drilling the
this is true, the s olution is one of s election of s haft, bearing holes can be bored at each of the bowl
materials in contact with the fluid which will corrode bearings . T his will ins ure that clean fluid is being us ed for
very s lowly. Vertical pumps pres ent additional lubrication at each bearing. T his flow will be away from
cons iderations in that becaus e of cos ts , further the bearing, thus keeping all abras ives out in the main
refinement between rotating and non-rotating, wetted fluid flow pas s age.
parts may require examination. Many coatings have
been developed and we will not attempt to advis e One of the mos t difficult corros ive fluids to handle and
on the proper s election or application in this writing. unders tand is s ea water. T his is becaus e of s everal
variables which can alter the effects of this fluid upon
T he area where we notice the greates t difficulties are different metals being employed. T he firs t cons ideration
thos e where corros ion and abras ion are pres ent. All is temperature. All corros ive fluids are more active as the
metals gain their projection agains t corros ive agents temperature is elevated. T herefore, where cas t iron might
by a thin s kin of corros ion. If this s kin is wiped be us ed s ucces s fully at 30°F, the s tory changes at 90°F.
clean, the metal will recorrode, forming a new s kin. T he other chemicals in s ea water can caus e difficulty
T hus , if minor amounts of abras ion are found in the if their pres ence is not known. Around oil docks , drilling,
corros ive fluid, it is pos s ible for thes e to caus e this etc., s ulfides might be pres ent. E ven though found in
wiping action. T his will occur whenever the pumped s mall quantities , this can caus e the fluid to be much more
fluid abras ive content is harder than the s kin corros ion corros ive than jus t the primary fluid. T he other
or coating when it is us ed. T hus , s oft abras ives can cons ideration is the quantity of s and pres ent. Offs hore
be pres ent in large quantities without caus ing exces s ive ins tallations are s ubject to tides and wave action. T his
wear. T his condition is further activated by the velocity can caus e the s and content to continually change and
within the pump. B y s lowing the pump s peed or therefore, pres ent a difficult s ys tem to analyze. T he
overs izing the pump for the des ign conditions , the electolitic action of dis s imilar metals in the pres ence of
internal velocity is lowered. T his will reduce the the s ea water mus t als o be taken into account.
abras ive wear and can be cons idered on s ome
corros ion-abras ion problems . T he bes t corros ive defens e is your own experience on any
given unit. T hus , good records are a neces s ity. E ach
T his brings us to the s econd combination which can pump s hould be checked for vibration and amperage
caus e difficulties . A vertical pump utilizes s leeve periodically. T his information, along with the s hut-off
bearings ins ide a bearing retainer for proper s haft head, s hould be noted in the permanent record. Any
s upport. T he s traightnes s of this s hafting is the s ecret changes s hould be caus e for inves tigation. Any repairs
of long vertical pump life. E ach s haft runs with a s hould be noted with complete des cription of parts us ed,
thin film of fluid around it. B y centrifugal force, this materials and conditions of the parts being replaced.
film is kept even in all bearings , thus as s uring With this type of record, it is pos s ible to as certain
lubrication and balance in the pump. Anything which improvements in performance and be aware of what
ups ets this balance can caus e difficulties . T hus , materials or action brought them about. Without this
abras ion can wipe away bearing s urfaces caus ing the information it is not pos s ible to be certain that the
bearing to become elliptical. T he s haft then tends to s olution is correct for a particular application and
des troy all bearings by its own out-of balance action expens ive parts can be los t. C orros ion is a never-ceas ing
and the pump fails . T his s ame difficulty can develop battle to extend the life of equipment to acceptable
in chemical fluids which tend to precipitate out. T hen economic limits , and good records are es s ential for
this s olid material falling into the pump's path in large proper determination. A qualified J -Line s ales engineer
quantities caus es an imbalance within the pump. T his s tands ready to as s is t you in this endeavor at all times -
will des troy it over a period of time even when the give us a call.
material has a lower brinell number than the pump
components .
T he lack of lubricating qualities within the fluid can
caus e the s ame difficulties in the bearings . T his is
overcome by injection of a fluid with good lubricating
qualities at each bearing journal. T his injected fluid
mus t be compatible with the fluid being pumped even
though only s mall quantities are us ed. When abras ives
are pres ent in corros ive fluids , this s ys tem can be
utilized by taking the pumped fluid through a s mall
centrifugal s eparator, building the pres s ure with a s mall
pump and lubricating the packing nut and the enclos ed
line s haft. T his pres s ure s hould be approximately
P age 38
CONVERSION TABLES
UNIT S OF P R E S S UR E A ND HE A D
LB S . P E R FE E T ME TE R S INC HE S K ILOG R AMS

S QUAR E OF OF OF ATMOS - PER
U NITS
INC H WATE R WATE R ME R C UR Y P HE R E S S Q. C .M.
1 LB . P E R S Q. INC H 1. 2.31 0.704 2.04 0.0681 0.0703
1 F T. OF WATE R 0.433 1. 0.305 0.882 0.02947 0.0305
1 ME TE R OF WATE R 1.421 3.28 1. 2.89 0.0967 0.1
1 INC H OF ME R C UR Y 0.491 1.134 0.3456 1. 0.0334 0.0345
1 ATMOS P HE R E
(AT S E A LE VE L) 14.70 33.93 10.34 29.92 1. 1.033
1 K ILOG R AM P E R S Q. C .M. 14.22 32.8 10. 28.96 0.968 1.
E quivalent units are based on density of fresh water from 32° to 62°F.
E quivalent units are based on density of mercury from 32° to 62° F. - sufficient accuracy.
E ach 1000 ft. of ascent decreases pressure about 1/2 lb./sq. in.
UNIT S OF V OL UME A ND WE IG HT
U.S . IMP E R IAL C UB IC C UB IC AC R E * C UB IC LITE R S

UNITS
G ALLONS G ALLONS INC HE S FE E T FE E T P OUNDS ME TE R S
1 U.S . G ALLON 1. 0.833 231. 0.1337 0.00000307 8.35 0.003785 3.785
1 IMP E R IAL G ALLON 1.201 1. 277.4 0.1605 0.00000369 10.02 0.004546 4.546
1 C UB IC INC H 0.00433 0.00360 1. 0.000579 0.0361 0.0164
1 C UB IC F OOT 7.48 6.23 1728. 1. 0.0000230 62.4 0.02832 28.32
1 AC R E - F OOT 325.850 271.335 43.560 1. 1233.5
1 P OUND 0.120 0.0998 27.7 0.0160 1. 0.454
1 C UB IC ME TE R 264.2 220. 61.023 35.314 0.000811 2205. 1. 1000.
1 LITE R 0.2642 0.220 0.061023 0.0353 2.205 1.
*WTS . S hown based on maximum density of fresh water at 39° F ahrenheit.
UNIT S OF A R E A
S QUAR E
S QUAR E S QUAR E S QUAR E AC R E S S QUAR E C E NTI- S QUAR E HE C TAR E S
UNITS
INC H FE E T YAR D MILE S ME TE R ME TE R S
1 S QUAR E INC H 1. 0.00694 0.00077 6.452
1 S QUAR E F OOT 144. 1. 0.111 929. 0.0929
1 S QUAR E YAR D 1296. 9 1. 0.000207 8361. 0.836
1 AC R E 43,560. 4840. 1. 0.00156 4049. 0.405
1 S QUAR E MILE 27,878,400. 3,097,600. 640. 1. 2,593,388.16 258.
1 S QUAR E C E NTIME TE R 0.155 0.001076 1. 0.0001
1 S QUAR E ME TE R 1549. 10.76 1.196 0.000247 10.000 1. 0.0001
1 HE C TAR E 107,639. 11,960. 2.471 0.00386 99,996,631. 10,000. 1.
P age 39
CONVERSION TABLES
UNIT S OF F LOW
U.S . MILLION C UB IC C UB IC LITE R S MINE R 'S INC H*

G ALLONS U.S . FE E T ME TE R S PER
UNITS
PER G ALLONS PER PER S E C OND
MINUTE P E R DAY S E C OND HOUR I II III
1 U.S . G ALLON 1. 0.001440 0.00223 0.2270 0.0631 0.0891 0.1114 0.0856

P E R MINUTE
1 MILLION U.S . G ALLONS 694.5 1. 1.547 157.73 43.8 61.9 77.4 59.4
P E R DAY
1 C U. F OOT P E R S E C . 448.8 0.646 1. 101.9 28.32 40. 50. 38.4
1 C U. ME TE R P E R HOUR 4.403 0.00634 0.00981 1. 0.2778
1 LITE R P E R S E C . 15.85 0.0228 0.0353 3.60 1.
I 11.22 0.01618 0.0250
1 MINE R 'S INC H* II 8.98 0.01294 0.0200
III 11.69 0.01682 0.0260
IV 12.58 0.01811 0.0280
*The Miner's Inch varies in definition in different areas. S tate laws have set the value as follow:
I. 40 M.I. = 1 C F S . in Arizona, C alifornia, Montana and Oregon
II. 50 M.I. = 1 C F S . in Idaho, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, K ansas, S . Dakota, N. Dakota
III. 38.4 M.I. = 1 C F S . in C olorado
IV. 35.7 M.I. = 1 C F S . in B ritish C olumbia
Usual practice in S outhern C alifornia, 50 M.I. = 1 C F S = 448.8 G P M
UNIT S OF P OWE R
F T.-LB S . ME TR IC B .T.U.
HOR S E - PER WATTS K ILOWATTS HOR S E - PER
UNITS
P OWE R MINUTE P OWE R MINUTE
1 HOR S E P OWE R 1. 33,000. 746. 0.746 1.014 42.4
1 F T.-LB . P E R MINUTE 0.0000303 1. 0.0226 0.0000226 0.0000307 0.001285
1 WATT 0.001340 44.2 1. 0.001 0.001360 0.0568
1 K ILOWATT 1.341 44,250. 1000. 1. 1.360 56.8
1 ME TR IC HOR S E P OWE R 0.986 32,550. 736. 0.736 1. 41.8
1 B TU P E R MINUTE 0.0236 778.4 17.6 0.0176 0.0239 1.
UNIT S OF LE NG T H
1 Inch = 0.0833 ft. = 0.0278 yd. = 25.4 millimeters = 2.54 centimeters

1 F oot = 12 inches = 0.333 yd. = 30.48 centimeters = 0.3048 meters
1 Yard = 36 inches = 3 feet = 91.44 centimeters = 0.9144 meters
1 Mile = 5280 ft. = 1760 yds . = 1.61 kilometer = 1609 meters
1 Meter = 3.281 ft. = 39.37 in. = 0.000622 miles = 0.001 kilometers
1 K ilometer = 1000 meters = 1093.61 yds . = 0.62137 miles = 3281 feet
P age 40
C OL. C OL.
S IZE
3" 4" 5" 6" 8" 10" 12" S IZE
S HAF T S HAF T
S IZE
3/4" 3/4" 1" 1 3/16" 3/4" 1" 1 3/16" 1" 1 3/16" 1 1/2" 1 3/16" 1 1/2" 1 15/16" 1 3/16" 1 1/2" 1 15/16" 1 3/16" 1 1/2" 1 15/16" 2 3/16" S IZE
TUB E TUB E
S IZE
1 1/4" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3" 2" 2 1/2" 3' 2" 2 1/2" 3" 3 1/2" S IZE
G .P.M. C OLUMN F R IC TION LOS S (IN F E E T) P E R 100 F E E T OF C OLUMN G .P.M.
25 1.8 25
50 4.6 0.65 0.86 1.6 50
75 9.0 1.3 1.7 3.3 75
100 14.0 2.2 2.8 5.3 0.54 0.65 0.94 100
125 3.2 4.2 7.8 0.81 0.96 1.4 125
150 4.4 5.8 10.6 1.1 1.3 1.9 150
175 5.8 7.5 13.8 1.5 1.7 2.5 175
200 7.3 9.4 17.1 1.8 2.2 3.1 0.73 0.96 1.4 200
225 9.0 12.0 21.1 2.3 2.7 3.9 0.90 1.2 1.7 225
250 10.9 14.0 2.7 3.3 4.7 1.1 1.4 2.0 250
275 13.0 16.8 3.3 3.9 5.6 1.3 1.7 2.4 275
300 15.2 19.2 3.8 4.5 6.4 1.5 2.0 2.8 300
325 19.8 4.4 5.2 7.4 1.7 2.3 3.2 325
350 5.0 6.0 8.4 2.0 2.6 3.6 350
375 5.6 6.7 9.5 2.2 2.9 4.1 375
400 6.3 7.5 10.6 2.5 3.3 4.6 0.61 0.74 1.0 400
450 7.8 9.3 13.1 3.1 4.1 5.7 0.77 0.91 1.3 450
500 9.2 11.2 15.7 3.7 5.0 6.9 0.93 1.1 1.5 500
550 11.0 13.2 18.6 4.4 5.8 8.1 1.1 1.3 1.8 550
600 12.9 15.5 5.2 6.8 9.5 1.3 1.5 2.1 600
P age 41
650 14.8 20.3 6.0 7.9 11.0 1.5 1.8 2.5 650
700 16.8 6.9 9.1 12.5 1.7 2.0 2.8 700
750 19.0 7.9 10.3 14.1 1.9 2.3 3.2 750
800 8.8 11.5 15.7 2.2 2.6 3.6 0.57 0.65 0.77 800
850 9.9 12.8 17.7 2.4 2.9 4.0 0.63 0.72 0.86 850
900 11.0 14.3 19.5 2.7 3.2 4.5 0.70 0.80 0.96 900
950 12.1 15.8 21.5 2.9 3.5 4.9 0.77 0.88 1.1 950
1000 3.2 3.9 5.4 0.85 0.97 1.2 0.34 0.38 0.44 0.50 1000
1200 4.5 5.4 7.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 0.47 0.54 0.62 0.71 1200
1400 6.0 7.2 10.0 1.6 1.8 2.2 0.62 0.71 0.82 0.94 1400
1600 The following table will serve as a guide in 7.6 9.1 13.0 2.0 2.3 2.8 0.80 0.90 1.1 1.2 1600
1800 figuring column friction losses to allow for 9.4 11.0 15.7 2.5 2.8 3.4 0.99 1.1 1.3 1.5 1800
2000 condition of pipe: 11.0 13.0 19.2 3.0 3.5 4.2 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2000
2200 13.2 16.5 22.9 3.6 4.1 5.0 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.1 2200
2400 Approx. Age of Use F riction Loss 15.5 19.3 4.2 4.9 5.8 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.5 2400
C ondition
P ipe in Ordinary F igures from table
2600 of P ipe 17.9 22.4 4.9 5.6 6.8 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.9 2600
Use for C old multiplied by the
Inside
2800 C lear Water following factor 20.5 5.6 6.4 7.8 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.3 2800
3000 6.4 7.4 8.8 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.8 3000
Very
TURBINE COLUMN
3200 New 1.00 7.1 8.1 9.9 2.8 3.2 3.7 4.3 3200
S mooth
3400 7.9 9.0 11.1 3.2 3.6 4.2 4.8 3400
3600 F airly 8.8 10.0 12.4 3.5 4.0 4.7 5.3 3600
1 - 5 years 1.51
FRICTION LOSS TABLE
3800 S mooth 9.8 11.1 13.7 3.9 4.4 5.1 5.9 3800
4000 6 or more 10.7 12.2 15.0 4.3 4.9 5.6 6.4 4000
R ough 2.35
4200 years 11.8 13.4 16.4 4.7 5.3 6.2 7.1 4200
4400 12.9 14.6 17.9 5.1 5.8 6.7 7.7 4400
4600 13.9 15.8 19.3 5.6 6.3 7.4 8.4 4600
4800 15.0 17.2 21.0 6.0 6.8 7.9 9.0 4800
FRICTION LOSSES IN STEEL
PIPES-3 THROUGH 36 INCH
3 INC H 4 INC H 5 INC H 6 INC H

3" 3.00 I.D. 4" 4.026 I.D. 5" 5.00 I.D. 6" 6.065 I.D.
F R IC TION LOS S F R IC TION LOS S
U.S . VE LOC ITY HE AD LOS S U.S . VE LOC ITY F T. HE AD/100 F T. P IP E U.S . VE LOC ITY HE AD LOS S U.S . VE LOC ITY
G ALLONS F T. P E R F T. HE AD/ G ALLONS F T. P E R S TE EL P VC G ALLONS F T. P E R F T. HE AD/ G ALLONS F T. P E R F T.
S
HE AD/100 F T. P IP E
TE E L P VC
P E R MIN. S E C OND 100 F T. P E R MIN. S E C OND C =100 C =150 P E R MIN. S E C OND 100 F T. P E R MIN. S E C OND C =100 C =150
40 1.82 0.91 50 1.26 0.33 0.16 75 1.22 0.24 100 1.11 0.16 0.07
60 2.72 1.94 75 1.89 0.70 0.34 100 1.63 0.42 150 1.67 0.34 0.16
80 3.63 3.30 100 2.52 1.19 0.58 125 2.04 0.63 200 2.22 0.58 0.28
100 4.54 4.98 125 3.15 1.80 0.87 150 2.45 0.88 250 2.77 0.89 0.42
120 5.45 6.98 150 3.78 2.53 1.22 175 2.86 1.17 300 3.33 1.24 0.58
140 6.35 9.28 200 5.05 4.29 2.08 200 3.27 1.50 400 4.44 2.11 0.99
160 7.26 11.9 250 6.30 6.45 3.12 250 4.09 2.27 500 5.55 3.19 1.50
180 8.16 14.8 300 4.90 3.17 600 6.66 4.46 2.10
200 9.08 18.0 300 7.57 9.09 4.41 400 6.54 5.39 700 7.78 5.93 2.79
250 11.3 27.1 350 8.82 12.0 5.82 500 8.17 8.15 800 8.90 7.60 3.60
300 13.6 38.0 400 10.1 15.5 7.52 600 9.80 11.7 900 10.0 9.44 4.46
350 15.9 50.5 500 12.6 23.4 11.3 700 11.4 15.2 1000 11.1 11.5 5.44
400 18.2 64.7 600 15.1 32.8 15.9 800 13.1 19.4 1200 13.3 16.1 7.62
450 20.5 80.5 700 17.6 43.6 21.1 1000 16.3 29.4 1400 15.6 21.4 10.1
500 22.7 97.8 800 20.2 55.8 27.0 1200 19.6 41.1 1600 17.8 2 7.4 13.0
900 22.7 69.3 33.6

8" S TD. WT. S TE E L 7.981" I.D. 10" S TD. WT. S TE E L 10.02" I.D. 12" S TD. WT. S TE E L 12.000" I.D. 14" S TD. WT. S TE E L 13.25" I.D.
F LOW VE LOC ITY VE LOC ITY HE AD F LOW VE LOC ITY VE LOC ITY HE AD F LOW VE LOC ITY VE LOC ITY HE AD F LOW VE LOC ITY VE LOC ITY HE AD
G ALLONS F T. P E R HE AD F T. P E R G ALLONS F T. P E R HE AD F T. P E R G ALLONS F T. P E R HE AD F T. P E R G ALLONS F T. P E R HE AD F T. P E R
P E R MIN. S E C OND F T. 100 F T. P E R MIN. S E C OND F T. 100 F T. P E R MIN. S E C OND F T. 100 F T. P E R MIN. S E C OND F T. 100 F T.
130 0.83 0.01 0.069 180 0.73 0.01 0.042 200 0.57 0.01 0.021 300 0.70 0.01 0.028
140 0.90 0.01 0.079 200 0.81 0.01 0.051 250 0.71 0.01 0.032 400 0.93 0.01 0.047
150 0.96 0.01 0.091 220 0.89 0.01 0.061 300 0.85 0.01 0.045 500 1.16 0.02 0.071
160 1.03 0.02 0.102 240 0.98 0.01 0.071 350 0.99 0.02 0.059 600 1.40 0.03 0.100
170 1.09 0.02 0.114 260 1.06 0.02 0.083 400 1.14 0.02 0.076 700 1.63 0.04 0.132
180 1.15 0.02 0.126 280 1.14 0.02 0.095 450 1.28 0.03 0.095 800 1.86 0.05 0.170
190 1.22 0.02 0.140 300 1.22 0.02 0.108 500 1.42 0.03 0.115 900 2.09 0.07 0.211
200 1.28 0.03 0.154 350 1.42 0.03 0.143 550 1.56 0.04 0.137 1000 2.33 0.08 0.256
220 1.41 0.03 0.183 400 1.63 0.04 0.183 600 1.70 0.05 0.161 1100 2.56 0.10 0.306
240 1.54 0.04 0.215 450 1.83 0.05 0.228 700 1.99 0.06 0.214 1200 2.79 0.12 0.359
260 1.67 0.04 0.250 500 2.04 0.06 0.277 800 2.27 0.08 0.275 1300 3.02 0.14 0.416
280 1.80 0.05 0.286 550 2.24 0.08 0.330 900 2.56 0.10 0.341 1400 3.26 0.17 0.477
300 1.92 0.06 0.325 600 2.44 0.09 0.388 1000 2.84 0.13 0.415 1500 3.49 0.19 0.542
350 2.24 0.08 0.433 650 2.64 0.11 0.450 1100 3.12 0.15 0.495 1600 3.72 0.22 0.611
400 2.57 0.10 0.554 700 2.85 0.13 0.516 1200 3.41 0.18 0.581 1700 3.95 0.24 0.684
450 2.88 0.13 0.689 800 3.25 0.16 0.660 1300 3.69 0.21 0.674 1800 4.19 0.27 0.760
500 3.20 0.16 0.838 900 3.66 0.21 0.821 1400 3.98 0.25 0.773 1900 4.42 0.30 0.840
550 3.52 0.19 0.999 1000 4.07 0.26 0.998 1500 4.26 0.28 0.878 2000 4.65 0.34 0.924
600 3.85 0.23 1.170 1100 4.48 0.31 1.190 1600 4.55 0.32 0.990 2500 5.81 0.52 1.400
650 4.17 0.27 1.360 1200 4.89 0.37 1.400 1800 5.11 0.41 1.230 3000 6.98 0.76 1.960
700 4.49 0.31 1.560 1300 5.30 0.44 1.620 2000 5.68 0.50 1.500 3500 8.15 1.03 2.600
750 4.81 0.36 1.770 1400 5.70 0.50 1.860 2200 6.25 0.61 1.780 4000 9.31 1.35 3.320
800 5.13 0.41 1.990 1500 6.10 0.58 2.110 2400 6.81 0.72 2.100 4500 10.5 1.70 4.130
850 5.45 0.46 2.230 1600 6.51 0.66 2.380 2600 7.38 0.85 2.430 5000 11.6 2.10 5.030
900 5.77 0.52 2.480 1700 6.92 0.74 2.660 2800 7.95 0.98 2.780 6000 14.0 3.00 7.050
950 6.09 0.58 2.740 1800 7.32 0.83 2.960 3000 8.52 1.13 3.170 7000 16.3 4.10 9.380
1000 6.41 0.64 3.020 1900 7.73 0.93 3.270 3500 9.95 1.54 4.210 8000 18.6 5.40 12.000
1100 7.05 0.77 3.600 2000 8.14 1.03 3.600 4000 11.4 2.00 5.390 9000 20.9 6.80 14.900
1200 7.69 0.92 4.230 2200 8.95 1.24 4.290 4500 12.8 2.50 6.700 10000 23.3 8.40 18.100
1300 8.33 1.08 4.900 2400 9.76 1.48 5.040 5000 14.2 3.10 8.150 11000 25.6 10.2 21.600
1400 8.97 1.25 5.620 2600 10.60 1.70 5.840 5500 15.6 3.80 9.720 12000 27.9 12.1 25.400
1500 9.61 1.44 6.390 2800 11.40 2.00 6.700 6000 17.0 4.50 11.400 13000 30.2 14.2 29.500
1600 10.30 1.70 7.200 3000 12.20 2.30 7.610 6500 18.4 5.30 13.200 14000 32.6 16.5 33.800
1800 11.50 2.10 8.950 3200 13.00 2.70 8.580 7000 19.9 6.20 15.200 15000 34.9 18.9 38.400
2000 12.80 2.50 10.900 3400 13.80 3.00 9.600 7500 21.3 7.10 17.300 16000 37.2 21.5 43.300
2200 14.10 3.10 13.000 3600 14.60 3.30 10.700 8000 22.7 8.00 19.400 17000 39.5 24.2 48.400
2400 15.40 3.70 15.200 3800 15.50 3.70 11.800 8500 24.2 9.10 21.700 18000 41.9 27.3 53.800
2600 16.70 4.30 17.700 4000 16.30 4.10 13.000 9000 25.6 10.2 24.200 20000 46.5 33.6 65.400
2800 18.00 5.00 20.300 4500 18.30 5.20 16.100 9500 27.0 11.3 26.700 22000 51.2 40.7 78.000
3000 19.20 5.70 23.000 5000 20.30 6.40 19.600 10000 28.4 12.5 29.400 24000 55.8 48.4 91.600
3500 22.40 7.80 30.600 5500 22.40 7.80 23.400 11000 31.2 15.1 35.000
4000 25.60 10.20 39.200 6000 24.40 9.30 27.500 12000 34.1 18.1 41.200
4500 28.80 12.90 48.800 6500 26.40 10.8 31.800 13000 36.9 21.2 47.700
5000 32.00 15.90 59.300 7000 28.50 12.6 36.500 14000 39.8 24.6 54.700
5500 35.30 19.40 70.700 7500 30.50 14.5 41.500 15000 42.6 28.2 62.200
P age 42
PIPES-3 THROUGH 36 INCH (CONT.)

16" S TD. WT. S TE E L 16.000" I.D. 18" S TD. WT. S TE E L 17.18" I.D. 20" S TD. WT. S TE E L 19.18" I.D. 24" S TD. WT. S TE E L 24" I.D.
F LOW VE LOC ITY VE LOC ITY HE AD F LOW VE LOC ITY VE LOC ITY HE AD F LOW VE LOC ITY VE LOC ITY HE AD F LOW VE LOC ITY VE LOC ITY HE AD
G ALLONS F T. P E R HE AD F T. P E R G ALLONS F T. P E R HE AD F T. P E R G ALLONS F T. P E R HE AD F T. P E R G ALLONS F T. P E R HE AD F T. P E R
P E R MIN. S E C OND F T. 100 F T. P E R MIN. S E C OND F T. 100 F T. P E R MIN. S E C OND F T. 100 F T. P E R MIN. S E C OND F T. 100 F T.
500 0.88 0.01 0.036 500 0.69 0.01 0.020 800 0.89 0.01 0.028 350 0.252 0.00 0.002
600 1.05 0.02 0.050 600 0.83 0.01 0.028 1000 1.11 0.02 0.042 700 0.495 0.00 0.007
700 1.23 0.02 0.067 700 0.97 0.01 0.037 1200 1.33 0.03 0.059 1000 0.712 0.01 0.014
800 1.41 0.03 0.086 800 1.11 0.02 0.048 1400 1.55 0.04 0.079 1400 0.999 0.01 0.026
900 1.58 0.04 0.106 900 1.25 0.02 0.060 1500 1.78 0.05 0.101 1700 1.210 0.02 0.038
1000 1.76 0.05 0.129 1000 1.38 0.03 0.072 1800 2.00 0.06 0.126 2000 1.420 0.03 0.051
1200 2.11 0.07 0.181 1200 1.66 0.04 0.101 2000 2.22 0.08 0.153 2400 1.700 0.045 0.071
1400 2.46 0.09 0.241 1400 1.94 0.06 0.135 2500 2.78 0.12 0.231 2700 1.920 0.060 0.089
1600 2.81 0.12 0.308 1600 2.21 0.08 0.173 3000 3.33 0.17 0.323 3100 2.210 0.080 0.114
1800 3.16 0.16 0.383 1800 2.49 0.10 0.215 3500 3.89 0.24 0.430 3400 2.410 0.090 0.136
2000 3.51 0.19 0.466 2000 2.77 0.12 0.261 4000 4.45 0.31 0.551 3800 2.700 0.113 0.167
2500 4.39 0.30 0.704 2500 3.46 0.19 0.394 5000 5.55 0.48 0.832 4200 2.990 0.130 0.200
3000 5.27 0.43 0.987 3000 4.15 0.27 0.553 6000 6.67 0.69 1.170 4500 3.200 0.160 0.226
3500 6.15 0.59 1.310 3500 4.85 0.37 0.735 7000 7.78 0.94 1.550 4800 3.410 0.180 0.255
4000 7.03 0.77 1.680 4000 5.54 0.48 0.941 8000 8.89 1.20 1.980 5200 3.690 0.210 0.298
4500 7.91 0.97 2.090 4500 6.23 0.60 1.170 10000 11.1 1.90 3.000 5500 3.910 0.240 0.329
5000 8.79 1.20 2.540 5000 6.92 0.74 1.420 12000 13.3 2.70 4.200 5900 4.190 0.270 0.377
6000 10.5 1.70 3.560 6000 8.31 1.10 1.990 14000 15.5 3.70 5.590 6200 4.410 0.320 0.413
7000 12.3 2.40 4.730 7000 9.70 1.50 2.650 15000 16.7 4.30 6.350 6500 4.620 0.330 0.450
8000 14.1 3.10 6.060 8000 11.1 1.90 3.390 16000 17.8 4.90 7.150 6900 4.900 0.370 0.502
9000 15.8 3.90 7.530 9000 12.5 2.40 4.220 18000 20.0 6.20 8.900 7600 5.400 0.500 0.603
10000 17.6 4.80 9.150 10000 13.8 3.00 5.120 20000 22.2 7.70 10.800 8300 5.900 0.540 0.713
11000 19.3 5.80 10.900 12000 16.6 4.30 7.180 22000 24.4 9.30 12.900 9000 6.400 0.640 0.820
12000 21.1 6.90 12.800 14000 19.4 5.80 9.550 24000 26.7 11.1 15.100 9700 6.900 0.740 0.950
13000 22.8 8.10 14.900 16000 22.1 7.60 12.200 25000 27.8 12.0 16.300 10000 7.110 0.790 1.000
14000 24.6 9.40 17.100 18000 24.9 9.60 15.200 26000 28.9 13.0 17.600 11000 7.820 0.950 1.190
15000 26.3 10.7 19.200 20000 27.7 11.9 18.500 28000 31.1 15.0 20.100 12000 8.550 1.140 1.400
16000 28.1 12.3 21.800 22000 30.3 14.3 22.000 30000 33.3 17.2 22.900 12500 8.860 1.220 1.520
18000 31.6 15.5 27.100 24000 33.2 17.1 25.900 32000 35.6 19.7 25.800 13000 9.250 1.340 1.630
2 0000 35.1 19.1 33.000 26000 36.0 20.1 30.000 34000 37.8 22.2 28.900 14000 9.950 1.540 1.860
22000 38.7 23.3 39.300 28000 38.8 23.4 34.400 35000 38.9 23.5 30.400 15000 10.630 1.770 2.110
24000 42.2 27.7 46.200 30000 41.5 26.8 39.100 36000 40.0 24.9 32.100 16000 11.380 2.020 2.420
25000 43.9 30.0 49.900 32000 44.3 30.5 44.100 38000 42.2 27.7 35.400 18000 12.800 2.570 2.980
26000 45.7 32.6 53.600 34000 47.1 34.5 49.400 40000 44.5 30.8 39.000 19000 13.500 2.850 3.280
28000 49.2 37.6 61.500 36000 49.9 38.7 54.800 45000 50.0 38.9 48.500 20000 14.200 3.160 3.610
30000 52.7 43.2 69.800 38000 52.6 43.0 60.600 50000 55.5 47.9 58.900
32000 56.2 49.1 78.700 40000 55.4 47.1 66.600 55000 61.1 58.0 70.300
34000 59.8 55.6 88.300 42000 58.2 52.6 72.900 60000 66.7 69.0 82.300
36000 63.3 62.3 97.600 44000 61.0 57.8 79.400 65000 72.2 81.0 95.700
38000 66.8 69.3 108.000 46000 63.7 63.0 86.300 70000 77.8 94.0 110.000
30 INC H 36 INC H
30" S TD. WT. S TE E L 30" I.D. 36" S TD. WT. S TE E L 36" I.D.
F LOW VE LOC ITY VE LOC ITY HE AD F LOW VE LOC ITY VE LOC ITY HE AD
G ALLONS F T. P E R HE AD F T. P E R G ALLONS F T. P E R HE AD F T. P E R
P E R MIN. S E C OND F T. 100 F T. P E R MIN. S E C OND F T. 100 F T.
700 0.322 0.00 0.002 1400 0.44 0.00 0.004
1000 0.450 0.00 0.004 1700 0.53 0.00 0.005
1300 0.590 0.01 0.008 2000 0.63 0.01 0.007
1700 0.780 0.01 0.013 2400 0.75 0.01 0.010
2000 0.910 0.01 0.017 2800 0.88 0.01 0.015
2400 1.095 0.02 0.023 3400 1.07 0.02 0.019
2700 1.230 0.02 0.030 4000 1.26 0.02 0.026
3100 1.430 0.03 0.039 4800 1.51 0.04 0.036
3400 1.550 0.04 0.046 5600 1.76 0.05 0.048
3800 1.740 0.05 0.057 6200 1.95 0.06 0.057
4100 1.870 0.06 0.065 7000 2.20 0.07 0.072
4500 2.050 0.07 0.077 7600 2.39 0.09 0.084
4800 2.190 0.08 0.087 8300 2.61 0.10 0.098
5200 2.370 0.09 0.101 9000 2.83 0.12 0.114
5500 2.510 0.10 0.112 9700 3.05 0.14 0.131
5900 2.690 0.11 0.127 10000 3.14 0.16 0.139
6200 2.830 0.12 0.139 11000 3.46 0.19 0.164
6900 3.120 0.15 0.170 12000 3.78 0.22 0.193
7600 3.470 0.18 0.203 13000 4.09 0.26 0.226
8300 3.790 0.22 0.240 14000 4.40 0.30 0.260
9000 4.100 0.26 0.278 15000 4.71 0.34 0.294
9700 4.420 0.306 0.319 16000 5.03 0.39 0.330
10000 4.560 0.325 0.337 18000 5.66 0.50 0.412
11000 5.010 0.392 0.401 19000 5.98 0.56 0.454
12000 5.470 0.47 0.473 20000 6.30 0.61 0.504
12500 5.700 0.51 0.510 21000 6.60 0.67 0.544
13000 5.940 0.55 0.550 22000 6.92 0.74 0.590
14000 6.400 0.64 0.630 23000 7.24 0.81 0.640
15000 6.850 0.73 0.710 24000 7.55 0.88 0.695
16000 7.300 0.83 0.810 26000 8.18 1.04 0.806
18000 8.200 1.05 1.000 28000 8.80 1.20 0.935
19000 8.670 1.17 1.110 30000 9.44 1.38 1.065
20000 9.120 1.30 1.220 34000 10.70 1.77 1.340
24000 10.090 1.89 1.730 38000 11.95 2.20 1.650
28000 12.750 2.46 2.270 42000 13.20 2.70 1.990
P age 43
PIPES-3 THROUGH 30 INCH
F R IC TION LOS S E S AS E QUIVALE NT LE NG THS OF P IP E - F E E T

Nominal S ize of P ipe and F itting
Type of fitting and application 3" 4" 5" 6" 8" 10" 12" 14" 16" 20" 24" 30"
E LB OWS -
90° S tandard E lbow - or R un of Tee reduced by 1/2 7.7 10 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 61 76
90° Long R adius - or R un of S tandard Tee 5.2 6.8 8.5 10 14 17 20 24 27 34 40 50
45° S tandard 3.6 4.7 5.9 7.1 9.4 12 14 17 19 24 28 35
S tandard Tee through S ide Outlet 16 20 26 31 40 51 61 71 81 101 121 151
G ate Valve (fully open) 1.6 2.1 2.7 3.2 4.3 5.3 6.4 7.5 8.5 11 13 16
S wing C heck Valve (fully open) 20 26 33 39 52 65 77 90 104 129 155 193
Ordinary E ntrance 4.5 6.0 7.3 9.0 12 15 17 20 22 28 35 43
F ITTING S - F riction losses expressed as equivalent lengths of pipe (feet)

Type of F itting Material 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3" 3 1/2" 4" 5" 6" 8" 10" 12"
90° S tandard E lbow, S teel 3 4 4 5 6 8 - 10 13 15 20 25 30
or run of tee reduced
to half size P lastic 6 7 8 9 10 14 - 17 - 25 - - -
C opper 3 4 4 5 6 8 9 10 13 15 20 - -
45° E lbow S teel 1.3 1.7 2.1 2.6 3 3.6 - 4.7 5.9 7.1 9.4 12 14
P lastic 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 - 9 - 13 13 - -
C opper 1.3 1.7 2.1 2.6 3 3.6 4.1 4.7 5.9 7.1 9.4 - -
S tandard Tee with S teel 6 8 9 11 14 16 - 20 26 31 40 51 61

flow through branch
P lastic 9 12 13 17 20 23 - 29 - 45 - - -
C opper 6 8 9 11 14 16 18 20 26 31 40 - -
90° long radius S teel 1.7 2.3 2.8 3.6 4.2 5.2 - 6.8 8.5 10 14 17 20
elbow, or run of
standard tee P lastic 3 4 5 7 8 10 - 12 - 17 - - -
C opper 1.7 2.3 2.8 3.6 4.2 5.2 6.1 6.8 8.5 10 14 - -
Adapter-slip/solder S teel 3 3 3 3 3 3 - 3 - 3 - - -
fitting to thread
Insert coupling P lastic 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - -
C opper 3 3 3 3 3 3 - 3 - 3 - - -
G ate Valve (fully open) 0.60 0.80 0.95 1.15 1.4 1.6 1.85 2.1 2.7 3.2 4.3 5.3 6.4
S wing C heck Valve
Ordinary entrance 7 9 11 13 16 20 23 26 33 39 52 67 77
1.5 2.0 2.4 3.0 3.7 4.5 5.2 6.0 7.3 9.0 12 15 17
P age 44
CAST DISCHARGE HEAD
FRICTION LOSS CHART
C AS T DIS C HAR G E HE AD F R IC T ION LOS S C HAR T

C apacity in G allons P er Minute
Discharge S ize
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 1000 1200 1400
6" 0.016 0.062 0.140 0.248 0.388 0.558 0.760 0.922 1.550
8" 0.078 0.125 0.176 0.226 0.312 0.488 0.703 0.958
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000
10" 0.048 0.192 0.433 0.769 1.202 1.731
12" 0.091 0.204 0.363 0.565 0.861 1.110 1.145
14" 0.201 0.314 0.452 0.615 0.803 1.017 1.255
V E R T IC AL T UR B INE FAB DIS C HAR G E HE AD F R IC T ION LOS S C HAR T

Discharge S ize
40 80 100 140 180 200 300 400 500 600 700
2" 0.517 2.069 3.233
3" 0.419 0.655 1.283 2.122 2.620
4" 0.534 0.675 0.834 1.875 3.333
6" 0.220 0.355 0.630 0.990 1.419 1.932
800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2500 3000 4000 5000
8" 0.812 1.216 1.827 2.487 3.248
10" 0.545 0.786 1.069 1.396 1.767 2.182 3.409
12" 0.488 0.638 0.807 0.996 1.557 2.242
14" 0.523 0.646 1.009 1.453 2.584
16" 0.554 0.798 1.419 2.217
P age 45
MECHANICAL FRICTION IN
TURBINE PUMP LINE SHAFTS
ME C HANIC AL F R IC TION IN TUR B INE P UMP LINE S HAF TS

(HOR S E P OWE R /100 F E E T S HAF T LE NG TH)
S HAF T DIA. B .H.P. AT R .P.M.
(inches) 3450 2900 2200 1760 1460 1160 880 700
3/4 0.38 0.30 0.25 0.22
1 1.04 0.87 0.65 0.52 0.45 0.35
1 3/16 1.44 1.20 0.90 0.72 0.60 0.44
1 1/2 2.30 1.92 1.44 1.15 0.95 0.74 0.56
1 11/16 1.40 1.20 0.92 0.70
1 15/16 1.80 1.50 1.20 0.90 0.72
2 3/16 2.30 1.90 1.50 1.15 0.92
2 7/16 2.85 2.40 1.85 1.40 1.13
S HAF T WE IG HTS (WT./F T. - LB S .)

S HAF T DIAME TE R E NC LOS E D *(1) OP E N
3/4 1.50 1.30
1 2.60 2.30
1 3/16 3.80 3.30
1 11/16 6.00 5.30
1 15/16 7.60 6.30
2 3/16 10.00 8.80
2 7/16 12.80 11.20
*NOT E : (1) Oil lubricated s haft does not dis place

liquid above the pumping water level and therefore
has a greater net weight.
P age 46
HARDNESS OF MATERIAL
Hardnes s is one of the phys ical properties generally cons idered to be an important factor in the s election of the
bes t
material for given s ervice. Numerous methods have been developed to des cribe the degree of hardnes s of a material.
B rinell, R ockwell, Vickers and S hore are the mos t widely us ed s cales and can be compared by us e of the convers ion
tables on the following pages . As you will note, various s cales mus t be us ed with the B rinell and R ockwell methods
in order to cover the full range of hardnes s . Only the more commonly us ed s cales are lis ted in the table. A hard
material (high hardnes s number) is likely to have a high tens ile s trength and be s omewhat brittle. T he tens ile
s trength
of s teel can be roughly approximated by multiplying the B rinell hardnes s by 500.
T he approximate range of B rinell hardnes s for a number of the metals commonly us ed are:
(Typic a l)
ME TAL T E NS ILE S T R E NG T H (P S I) B R INE LL HAR DNE S S R ANG E
C AS T IR ON 30,000 190 - 210
40,000 210 - 250
50,000 230 - 280
410 - 416 S TAINLE S S S TE E L 75,000 - 135,000 155 - 290
DUC TILE IR ON 60,000 132
1045 S TE E L 80,000 - 120,000 160 - 240

316 S TAINLE S S S TE E L 80,000 - 90,000 150 - 190
304 S TAINLE S S S TE E L 85,000 - 125,000 212 - 277
MONE L 400 84,000 - 120,000 160 - 225
K MONE L 135,000 - 185,000 255 - 370
17-4 P H S TAINLE S S S TE E L 145,000 - 200,000 311 - 420

ALUMINUM B R ONZE 80,000 - 110,000 150 - 250
S AE 40 B R ONZE 26,000 - 42,000 60 - 80
NIC K E L ALUMINUM B R ONZE 85,000 159
T he hardnes s and tens ile s trength of many materials can be changed cons iderably by heat-treating or cold-working.
An example of the latter is cold-drawn s hafting which has harder and s tronger metal near the s urface of the s haft
than in the center.
It is difficult to obtain accurate hardnes s meas urements of thin s ections of materials s uch as coatings and overlays
applied over a s ofter material. T he actual hardnes s is not of great importance in this ins tance as the wear
characteris tics of a material are more likely to be related to its "toughnes s " or the mating s urface than to the
hardnes s . T his is not to s ay that materials with low hardnes s ratings have excellent wear res is tance.
P age 47
TROUBLE SHOOTING
OPERA TING SYMPTOMS
INS UF F IC IE NT P R E S S UR E US ING TOO MUC H P OWE R

1. S peed too slow (check voltage.) 1. S peed too high.
2. Impeller trimmed incorrectly. 2. Improper impeller adjustment.
3. Impeller loose. 3. Improper impeller trim.
4. Impeller plugged. 4. P ump out of alignment.
5. Wear rings worn. 5. C oupling out of alignment.
6. E ntrained air in pump. 6. P umping sand, silt, or foreign
7. Leaking joints or bowl casings. material.
8. Wrong rotation. 7. Lubricating oil too heavy.
9. Incorrect impeller adjustment. 8. B ent shaft.
9. Tight bearing or packing.
NO LIQUID DE LIV E R E D 10. S pecific gravity or viscosity of
fluid higher than design.
1. P ump suction broken (water level) 11. Worn pump.
below inlet.) 12. Damaged pump.
2. S uction valve closed. 13. P artial freezing of pump liquid.
3. Impeller plugged.
4. S trainer clogged.
5. Wrong rotation. AB NOR MAL NOIS E
6. S haft broken or unscrewed. 1. Motor noise.
7. Impeller loose. 2. P ump bearing running dry.
8. B arrel or discharge not vented. 3. B roken column bearing retainers.
9. Driver inoperative. 4. B roken shaft or shaft enclosing
tube.
V IB R AT ION 5. Impellers dragging on bowl case.
6. C avitation due to insufficient
1. Motor imbalance-electrical. N.P.S .H.A. and/or submergence.
2. Motor bearing not properly seated 7. F oreign material in pump.
or worn. 8. E xcessive fluid velocity in pipe
3. Motor drive coupling out of system.
balance or alignment.
4. Misalignment of pump, casings,
discharge head column, or bowls. INS UF F IC IE NT C APAC IT Y
5. Discharge head misaligned by
improper mounting or pipe strain. 1. S peed too slow.
6. B ent shafting. 2. Impeller trimmed incorrectly.
7. Worn pump bearings. 3. Impeller loose.
8. C logged impeller or foreign 4. Impeller or bowl partially plugged.
material in pump. 5. Leaking joints.
9. Improper impeller adjustment. 6. S trainer or suction pipe clogged.
10. Vortex problems in sump. 7. S uction valve throttled.
11. R easonance-system frequency at 8. Low water level.
or near pump speed. 9. Wrong rotation.
12. C avitation. 10. Insufficient submergence.
13. Impeller out of balance. 11. Insufficient N.P.S .H.A.
12. Incorrect impeller adjustment.
13. Worn pump.
14. S ystem pressure higher than
P age 48 design.
COMPONENT PROBLEM
SOLVING
B E AR ING S
TR OUB LE S OUR C E P R OB AB LE C AUS E R E ME DY
P remature bearing wear Abrasive action C onsider converting to fresh water flushing
on all bearings or pressure grease or oil
lubrication.
B earing seized or galling R unning dry without lubrication. C heck lubrication, look for plugged suction
on shaft or evidence of flashing.
B earing failure or bearing High temperature failure. C heck pump manufacturer for bearing
seized temperature limits.
E xcessive shaft wear under R ubber bearings will swell in hydro-carbon, C hange bearing material.
rubber bearings H2S & High temperature.
Uneven wear on bearings, P ump non-rotating parts C heck mounting & discharge pipe
uniform wear on shaft. misaligned. connection, dirt between column joints.
C orrect misalignment, replace bearings &
repair or replace shaft.
Uniform wear on bearing Abrasive action. R eplace parts, consider changing material
and shaft or means of lubrication.
Uniform wear on bearings, 1. S haft runnout caused by bent shafts, 1. S traighten shaft or replace, clean &
uneven wear on shaft shafts not butted in couplings, dirt or assemble correctly.
grease between shafts. 2. F ace parallel & concentric.
2. S haft ends not properly faced.
S HAF T AND C OUP LING S

B ent shaft Mishandling in transit or assembly. C heck straightness. C orrect to 0.0005/ft.
total runout or replace.
S haft coupling unscrewed. P ump started in reverse S hafts may be bent; check shafts &
rotation. couplings. C orrect rotation.
S haft coupling elongated. 1. Motor started while the pump was 1. Look for faulty check valve. C ould
(neck down) running in reverse. also be momentary power failure or
2. C orrosion. improper starting timers.
3. P ipe wrench fatigue on reused 2. R eplace couplings.
couplings. 3. R eplace couplings.
4. P ower being applied to shafts that 4. C heck for galling on shaft ends.
are not butted in coupling.
B roken shaft or coupling. 1. C an be caused by same reasons 1. S ame as above.
listed for coupling elongation. 2. S ame as above for bearing seizure.
2. C an also be caused by bearings 3. Add strainers or screens.
seized due to lack of lubrication. 4. C heck alignment of pump
3. F oreign material locking impellers components to eliminate vibration.
or galling wear rings. 5. S ee S ections on Impeller Adjustment
4. Metal fatigue due to vibrations. and Upthrusting.
5. Improper impeller adjustment or
continuous upthrust conditions, causing
impeller to drag.
INNE R C OLUMN
Water in inner column 1. B ypass ports plugged. 1. R emove cause.
2. B adly worn bypass seal or bearings. 2. R eplace worn parts.
3. Tubing joint leaking. 3. E nsure tubing joint face is clean and
4. C rack or hole in tubing. butted squarely.
4. R eplace section affected.
P age 49
COMPONENT PROBLEM
SOLVING
IMP E LLE R S
TR OUB LE S OUR C E P R OB AB LE C AUS E R E ME DY
Wear on exit vanes and Abrasive action R eplace impeller if excessive. C onsider coating
shrouds or upgrading material.
P itting on entrance vanes C avitation: C orrect condition or upgrade material to extend

of impeller life.
P itting on impellers and C orrosion/E rosion. Investigate cost of different materials vs.
bowl casting. frequency of replacements.
Wear on impeller skirts 1. Abrasive action or excess wear 1. Install new bearings and wear rings.
and/or bowl seal ring allowing impeller skirts to function as Upgrade material if abrasive action.
area. bearing journal. 2. R e-ring & adjust impellers correctly.
2. Impellers set to high.
Impeller loose on shaft 1. R epeated shock load by surge in 1. R e-fit impellers. If collet mounted, consider
(extremely rare occurrence) suction or discharge line. (C an changing to key mounting.
loosen first or last stage impellers.) 2. R emove cause of jamming.
2. F oreign material jamming 3. If collet mounted, consider changing to key
impeller. (May break shaft or trip mounted. Avoid sudden thermal shock.
overloads before impeller becomes 4. C orrect parts if necessary and re-fit.
loose.) 5. Add keyway to collet mounting.
3. Differential expansion due to
temperature.
4. P arts improperly machined
and/or assembled.
5. Torsion loading on submersible
pumps.
PAC K ING HOUS ING
P acking Housing overheating 1. Improper packing procedure. 1. R epack correctly.
2. P acking too tight. 2. R elease gland pressure.
3. Insufficient lubrication. 3. R epack correctly.
4. Incorrect type of packing. 4. R epack with correct grade for service.
P acking wears prematurely 1. Improper packing procedure. 1. R epack correctly.
2. Insufficient lubrication. 2. R epack correctly.
3. S haft or sleeve scored. 3. R emachine or replace scored parts.
4. Incorrect type of packing. 4. R epack with correct grade for service.
5. Abrasives in liquid. 5. R emove source of abrasives.
E xcessive leakage 1. Improper packing procedure. 1. R epack correctly.
2. Incorrect type of defective 2. R epack with correct grade for service.
packing. 3. R emachine or replace scored parts.
3. Worn shaft or sleeve.
B OWLS
Wear on bowl vanes Abrasive action C oat bowls, upgrade materials, or rubber line.
P age 50
WATER LUBE BOWL
REPLACEMENT
S HAF T: TAP E R C OLUMN

DIA. S HAF T P R OJ E C TION (B ) IN.
THR E ADS /IN. L.H. C OLUMN MAK E -UP (C ) IN.
THR E AD LE NG TH. B B1
B UTT C OLUMN
C S HAF T P R OJ E C TION (B 1) IN.
MAK E -UP P OINT
TAP E R OUTE R C OLUMN B UTT J OINT THR E ADS

C OLUMN S IZE I.D. O.D. C OLUMN S IZE I.D. O.D.
THR E ADS /IN. THR E ADS /IN.
TAP E R : 3/16 3/8 3/4
F LANG E D C OLUMN
S HAF T:
DIA. S HAF T P R OJ E C TION
THR E ADS /IN.
THR E AD LE NG TH. (B ) IN.
B
P UR C HAS E R
MODE L
P.O. NUMB E R
P age 51
OIL LUBE BOWL
REPLACEMENT
S HAF T: TAP E R C OLUMN

DIA. TUB E P R OJ E C TION (A) IN.
THR E ADS /IN. L.H. S HAF T P R OJ E C TION (B ) IN.
THR E AD LE NG TH. C OLUMN MAK E -UP (C ) IN.
C OUP LING O.D.
B UTT C OLUMN
TUB E P R OJ E C TION (A1) IN.
LINE S HAF T B E AR ING : B B1 S HAF T P R OJ E C TION (B 1) IN.
O.D.
THR E ADS /IN.
THR E AD LE NG TH.
RH
LH
A A1
MAK E -UP P OINT

TAP E R OUTE R C OLUMN B UTT J OINT THR E ADS
C OLUMN S IZE I.D. O.D. C OLUMN S IZE I.D. O.D.
THR E ADS /IN. THR E ADS /IN.
TAP E R : 3/16 3/8 3/4
F LANG E D C OLUMN
S HAF T: P R OJ E C TION
DIA. TUB E P R OJ E C TION (A) IN.
THR E ADS /IN. S HAF T P R OJ E C TION (B ) IN.
THR E AD LE NG TH.
C OUP LING O.D.
LINE S HAF T B E AR ING :

O.D. P UR C HAS E R
A
THR E ADS /IN.
THR E AD LE NG TH. MODE L
RH
LH P.O. NUMB E R
P age 52
CAPACITY OF PIPE FOR
WATER PER FOOT
DIAME TE R OF P IP E NUMB E R OF WE IG HT
(INC HE S ) G ALLONS (P OUNDS )
2" 0.16 1.335
4" 0.65 5.421
6" 1.50 12.510
8" 2.60 21.684
10" 4.10 34.194
12" 5.90 49.206
14" 8.00 66.72
16" 10.50 87.57
18" 13.20 110.08
20" 16.30 135.94
22" 19.80 165.13
24" 23.50 195.99
26" 27.60 230.18
28" 32.00 266.88
30" 36.70 306.07
36" 52.90 441.18
NOT E S :
A gallon of water (U.S . S tandard) contains 231 cubic inches and weights approximately
8 1/3 lbs .
To find the pres s ure in pounds per s quare inch of a column of water, multiply the
height of the column in feet by 0.434.
Doubling the diameter of a pipe increas es its capacity four times .
T he weight of water (in pounds ) in any length of pipe is obtained by multiplying the
length in feet by the s quare of the diameter and by 0.34.
T he capacity of a pipe in gallons is equal to the s quare of the diameter in inches
times the length times 0.0034.
P age 53
CABLE SELECTION FOR SINGLE
AND THREE PHASE MOTORS
S ingle P hase C able, 60 HZ (S ervice E ntrance to Motor - Maximum Length in F eet)

Motor R ating Maximum F eet of AWG C opper Wire S ize
Volts HP 14 12 10 8 6 4 3 2 1 0 00 000 0000
Two or Three Wire C able, 60 HZ
1/2 130 210 340 540 840 1300 1610 1960 2390 2910 3540 4210 5060
3/4 100 160 250 390 620 960 1190 1460 1780 2160 2630 3140 3770
1 250 400 630 990 1540 2380 2960 3610 4410 5360 6520
1 1/2 190 310 480 770 1200 1870 2320 2850 3500 4280 5240
230V 2 150 250 390 620 970 1530 1910 2360 2930 3620 4480
S ingle P hase 3 120* 190 300 470 750 1190 1490 1850 2320 2890 3610
5 0 0 180* 280 450 710 890 1110 1390 1740 2170 2680
7 1/2 0 0 0 200* 310 490 610 750 930 1140 1410 1720
10 0 0 0 0 250* 390 490 600 750 930 1160 1430 1760
15 0 0 0 0 170* 270* 340 430 530 660 820 1020 1260
Lengths without the as teris k* meet the U. S . National nameplate voltage under normal load conditions , 50% additional
E lectrical C ode ampacity for either individual conductors or length is permis s ible for all s izes .
jacketed 60° C cable. T his table is bas ed on copper wire. If aluminum wire is to
Lengths marked* meet the NE C ampacity only for individual be us ed; it mus t be two s izes larger. E xample: If the table
conductor 60° C cable in free air or water, not in conduit. If calls for #12 copper wire, #10 aluminum wire would be required.
cable rated other than 60° cable is us ed, lengths remain T he portion of the total cable length which is between the
unchanged, but the minimum s ize acceptable for each rating s upply and s ingle phas e control box with line contractor s hould
mus t be bas ed on the NE C table column for that temperature not exceed 25% of the maximum allowable, to ens ure reliable
cable. contactor operation. S ingle-phas e control boxes without line
F lat molded cable is cons idered jacketed cable. contactors may be connected at any point in the total cable
Maximum lengths s hown maintain motor voltage at 95% of length.
s ervice entrance voltage, running at maximum nameplate Lengths repres ent a 5% voltage drop. If 3% is required,
amperes . If s ervice entrance voltage will be at leas t motor multiply by 0.6 for maximum feet.
Three P hase C able, 60 HZ (S ervice E ntrance to Motor - Maximum Length in F eet)

Motor R ating AWG C opper Wire S ize
Volts HP 14 12 10 8 6 4 3 2 1 0 00 000 0000
1 1/2 420 670 1060 1670 2610 4050 5030 6160 7530 9170 0 0 0
2 320 510 810 1280 2010 3130 3890 4770 5860 7170 8780 0 0
3 240 390 620 990 1540 2400 2980 3660 4480 5470 6690 8020 9680
5 140 230 370 590 920 1430 1790 2190 2690 3290 4030 4850 5870
230V
60 HZ 7 1/2 0 160* 260 420 650 1020 1270 1560 1920 2340 2870 3440 4160
Three P hase 10 0 0 190* 310 490 760 950 1170 1440 1760 2160 2610 3160
Three Wire
15 0 0 0 210* 330 520 650 800 980 1200 1470 1780 2150
20 0 0 0 0 250* 400 500 610 760 930 1140 1380 1680
25 0 0 0 0 0 320* 400 500 610 750 920 1120 1360
30 0 0 0 0 0 260* 330* 410* 510 620 760 930 1130
1 1/2 1700 2710 4270 6730
2 1300 2070 3270 5150 8050
3 1000 1600 2520 3970 6200
5 590 950 1500 2360 3700 5750
7 1/2 420 680 1070 1690 2640 4100 5100 6260 7680
10 310 500 790 1250 1960 3050 3800 4680 5750 7050
15 0 340* 540 850 1340 2090 2600 3200 3930 4810 5900 7110
20 0 0 410* 650 1030 1610 2000 2470 3040 3730 4580 5530
460 V 25 0 0 0 530* 830 1300 1620 1990 2450 3010 3700 4470 5430
60 HZ 30 0 0 0 430* 680 1070 1330 1640 2030 2490 3060 3700 4500
Three P hase
Three Wire 40 0 0 0 0 500* 790 980 1210 1490 1830 2250 2710 3290
50 0 0 0 0 0 640* 800 980 1210 1480 1810 2190 2650
60 0 0 0 0 0 540* 670* 830* 1020 1250 150 1850 2240
75 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 680* 840* 1030 1260 1520 1850
100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 620* 760* 940* 1130 1380
125 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 740* 890* 1000*
150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 760 920*
175 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 810*
200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
P age 54
SUBMERSIBLE MOTOR
FLOW RATE
To calculate the flow required to keep a s ubmers ible motor cool, us e the following formula:
G P M x 0.408
V F=
(W ID) -2(M ) OD 2
WHE R E : V F= VE LOC ITY F LOW

G P M = G ALLONS P E R MINUTE
W ID= WE LL C AS ING INS IDE DIAME TE R
M OD
= MOTOR OUTS IDE DIAME TE R
At a maximum temperature of 86°F (30°C ) the minimum Velocity F low pas t motor would be:
0.25 ft/sec (7.62 C M/sec) - 4" diameter motor

0.50 ft/sec (15.24 C M/sec) - 6" diameter and larger motor)
If the flow pas t the motor is les s than the minimum velocity, the motor needs to be ins talled
in a flow s leeve.
When the water temperature is greater than 86°F (30°C ) the flow rate pas t the motor s hould not
be les s than 3.0 ft/s ec.
To calculate Hors epower required at temperature greater than 86°F (30°C ):

H P =R P xHP
HF
WHE R E : H P =R HOR S E P OWE R R E QUIR E D

P HP
= P UMP HOR S E P OWE R AT DE S IG N
HF = HE AT FAC TOR MULTIP LIE R AT 3 ft/sec F LOW
Heat F actor Multiplier at 3 ft/s ec flow
MAXIMUM WATE R TE MP E R ATUR E up to 5 H.P. up to 30 H.P. over 30 H.P.
140°F (60°C ) 1.25 1.62 2.00
131°F (55°C ) 1.11 1.32 1.62
122°F (50°C ) 1.00 1.14 1.32
113°F (45°C ) 1.00 1.00 1.14
104°F (40°C ) 1.00 1.00 1.00
95°F (35°C ) 1.00 1.00 1.00
NOT E : (T he above chart is for can type s ubmers ible motor, for water proof wire type cons ult factory.)
P age 55
CABLE SPLICING
S elect firs t correct cable copper cros s -s ection bas ed on motor rating and length required.
600V TAP E S P LIC ING

A) S trip individual conductor of ins ulation only as for as neces s ary to provide room for a s take type connector.
Tubular connectors of the s taked type are preferred. If the connector O.D. is not as large as the cable
ins ulation,
build-up with rubber electrical tape.
B ) Tape the individual joints with rubber electrical tape, us ing two layers : the firs t extending two inches beyond
each
end of the conductor ins ulation end, the s econd layer two inches beyond the ends of the firs t layer. Wrap
tightly, eliminating air s paces as much as pos s ible.
C ) Tape over the rubber electrical tape with #33 S cotch electrical tape, (Minnes ota Mining C o.) or equivalent,
us ing
two layers as in s tep "B " and making each layer overlap the end of the preceding layer by at leas t two inches .
NOT E S :
In the cas e of a cable with three conductors encas ed in a s ingle outer s heath, tape the individual conductors as
des cribed,
s taggering joints .
Total thicknes s of tape s hould be no les s than the thicknes s of the conductor ins ulation.
S TAC K E D C ONNE C TOR
2" 2"
R UB B E R TAP E (s tep B )
2"
2"
P V C E LE C T R IC AL TAP E
(s tep C )
P age 56
CABLE SPLICING
AT T E NT ION
The key factor of success is to follow exactly the manufacturer's application instructions for the splicing kits. The
basis for a good splice is the connection of the copper wires for which we recommend the use of crimping connectors
available for almost any common wire size.
S pecial attention should be given that the crimp connectors match the wire sizes used in order to get an electrically
low resistance joint.
AT T E NT ION
In cas e of s plicing cables of a s ix-lead motor for Y s tart, be s ure that the extens ion cables continue with the
s ame
lead colors and phas e des ignation as the original motor cables . T his will eas e up above ground connections to the Y
panel or an external connection for DOL s tart.
AT T E NT ION
Loos e wire connections can caus e the burn out of the s plice and s hort circuit, leading to pos s ible motor failure.
INS ULAT ION R E S IS TANC E R E ADING S

NOR MAL OHM AND ME G OHM VALUE S B E T WE E N ALL LE ADS AND G R OUND
Ins ulation res is tance varies little with rating. Motors of all H.P., voltage, and phas e rating have s imilar values
of
ins ulation.
C ONDITION OF MOTOR AND LE ADS OHM VALUE ME G OHM VALUE

A new motor (without drop cable) 20,000,000 (or more) >20.0
A used motor which can be reinstalled in the well 10,000,000 (or more) >10.0
MOTOR IN WE LL. Ohm readings are for drop cable plus motor. OHM VALUE ME G OHM VALUE
A new motor in the well. 2,000,000 (or more) >2.0
A motor in the well in reasonably good condition 500,000-2,000,000 0.5-2.0
A motor which may have been damaged by lightning or which may 20,000-500,000 0.02-0.5
have damaged leads. Do not pull the pump for this reason.
A motor which definitely has been damaged or with damaged cable. 10,000-20,000 0.01-0.02
The pump should be pulled and repairs made to the cable or the
motor replaced. The motor will not fail for this reason alone, but it
will probably not operate for long.
A motor which has failed or with completely destroyed cable insulation. less than 10,000 0-0.01
The pump must be pulled and the cable repaired or the motor
replaced.
P age 57
DEALING WITH THREE
PHASE UNBALANCE
S TE P 2 S Y S T E M R E QUIR E ME NT S
C urrent unbalance, particularly in rural areas with heavy s ingle- S elect the proper s ize magnetic s tarter or pump panel
phas e loads , can caus e premature motor failure - a res ult of for the H.P. rating of the motor.
reduced s tarting and breakdown torque, exces s ive and uneven
heating, and exces s ive vibration. Us e ambient compens ated extra quick trip heaters on all
three legs . T he recommended heater s ize for the make of
It is important that the electrical load to the s ubmers ible motor be panel is provided with the motor.
reas onable balanced. It is als o important that the ins tallation be
made properly. Here's how to make a proper electrical ins tallation Manufacturer's recommended cable s ize mus t be followed
and what to do if you can't. from the trans former to the pump panel and from the panel
S TE P 1 P R E -INS TALLAT ION to the motor, bas ed on H.P. and voltage rating. Make s ure
that the length of cable in each cas e is no longer than the
manufacturer's recommendation for that s ize of cable.
P rior to ins tallation, the power company s hould be notified of
the motor data, plus other loads that are on the trans former bank. If the pump is to operate properly on a s ys tem with two
trans formers , it is good practice to us e both the next higher
You s hould know if the s ervice provided is a true three-phas e, H.P. motor rating and the nes t larger cable s ize. Taking
three trans former s ys tem or a two trans former s ys tem. T his can thes e s teps gives a greater margin of s afety and provides
be determined by counting the trans formers if the s ervice is in, or more tolerance to current unbalance.
by ques tioning the power company if s ervice is not yet in. Here is
an open-delta or wye s ys tem (on the left), with a true three-phas e,
three trans former s ys tem (on the right).
S TE P 3 S TAR T UP
While the pump is s till above ground check the ins ulation
res is tance of the motor to make s ure that it is at leas t two
million or more ohms (two megohms ).
After the drop cable has been s pliced to the motor leads
and the pump is ins talled in the well, check the ins ulation
res is tance again to determine if your s plice and cable are
good.
OP E N DE LTA OR WY E TR UE THR E E P HAS E
If ins ulation res is tance is s till one million ohms or more,
voltage can be applied to the motor.
Make s ure that the trans former rating, in K VA, is adequate for
the motor load by referring to this chart which references the K VA Whatever you do, remember "S AF E T Y F IR S T !" B efore
requirement by hors epower. Note that the minimum K VA rating, working ins ide the pump panel or magnetic s tarter, always
at the right on the chart, refers to "each" trans former us ed. T his dis connect the line to the panel or s tarter. B e s ure it is off.
chart, incidentally, covers only the motor K VA requirements and Double-check this with a voltmeter.
does not make allowances for other loads .
C heck for correct rotation of the motor by running it
firs t in one direction and then the other. Us e a dis charge
valve and pres s ure gage. T he rotation that gives the
S MALLE S T K VA R ATING highes t pres s ure is always the correct one.
S UB ME R S IB LE "E AC H TR ANS F OR ME R "
3" DIA MOTOR TOTAL E F F E C TIVE OP E N WY E OR
R otation can be changed by s witching any two of the
K VA R E QUIR E D WY E OR DE LTA three motor leads at the pump panel.
H.P. R ATING DE LTA 3 TR ANS F OR ME R S
2 TR ANS F OR ME R S Now that correct rotation is es tablis hed, the amount of
current unbalance between legs s hould be calculated.
1 1/2 3 2 1
C UR R E NT UNB ALANC E B E T WE E N LE G S S HOULD NOT
2 4 2 1 1/2 E XC E E D 5% OF T HE AV E R AG E .
3 5 3 2 T he percent of current unbalance is defined and calculated
as follows :
5 7 1/2 5 3
7 1/2 12 7 1/2 5
P ercent current unbalance =
10 15 10 5
maximum current difference from average current
x 100
15 20 15 7 1/2 average current
20 27 15 10
C urrent readings in amps s hould be checked on each leg
25 32 20 10 us ing the three pos s ible hookups s hown in the illus tration.
T he bes t hookup is the one that has the lowes t percentage
of unbalance.
30 40 25 15
To prevent changing motor rotation when taking thes e
40 53 30 20 readings , the motor leads s hould be rolled acros s the s tarter
terminals by always moving them in the s ame direction as
50 65 37 1/2 25 s hown in the illus tration. (0n next page).
P age 58
DEALING WITH THREE
PHASE UNBALANCE
1st Hookup 2nd Hookup 3rd Hookup

L1 L2 L3 L1 L2 L3 L1 L2 L3 S UP P LY
S TAR TE R
T2 T1 T3
T1 T3 T3 T2 T2 T1 MOTOR
Us e s imple arithmetic to calculate the percentage of current unbalance for all three hookups .
Here is an example of current readings at maximum pump loads on each leg of a three-wire hookup.
To s tart with, add up all three readings for hookup number 1.
Hookup 1 Hookup 2 Hookup 3

T 1= 51 Amps T 3= 50 Amps T 2= 50 Amps
Total for each of the three hookups are as follows:

T 1= 51 Amps
B y obs erving where the highes t current reading is for each leg
T 2= 46 Amps on the3 various hookups , you can now determine if the unbalance
is caus ed by the power s ource or the electric motor. F or example,
T 3= 53 Amps note in the example that the highes t leg was always on the s ame
leg, L ; this indicates that mos t of the unbalance was from the
TOTAL 150 Amps power s ource.
Divide the total by three to obtain the average. If the high current were on a different leg each time the motor
leads were changed, you would know that the motor or a poor
150 Amps - 3 = 50 Amps connection caus ed mos t of the unbalance.
C alculate the greatest amp difference from the average. S ince loads on a trans former bank may vary during the day,
readings s hould be taken at leas t twice - once during the day in
50 Amps what would be cons idered the normal load period and once in the
-46 Amps evening during the us ual peak load period. T he ins tallation s hould
then be connected for the lowes t percentage of current unbalance
4 Amps (again, not to exceed 5%.)
Divide this difference by the average to obtain the S hould you continue to have problems with balance or if you
percentage of unbalance. encounter heater trip problems . contact your power company for
help.
4.00 Amps - 50 = 0.08 or 8%
S o you can fully explain the s ituation to the power us e engineer,
or to your pump s upplier, keep a complete log of your pump
ins tallation.
In this cas e, the current unbalance for hookup number
1 is 8%. You s hould keep a record of:
If you us e the s ame method of calculation, the maximum Well location and owner
current unbalance for hookup number 2 is 4% and for Depth to water
hookup number 3 is 2%. Hors epower
Next, compare the percentage of unbalance for all three Motor make
hookups . T he firs t hookup exceeds 5% current unbalance S ize of control panel
and s hould not be us ed. T he s econd and third hookups Heaters us ed
did not exceed 5%, s o either would be s atis factory. C able s izes and lengths
However, the third hokup had the lowes t percentage of C urrent and voltage readings , by leg
current unmbalance and it s hould be us ed, s ince the
motor will then be operating at maximum efficiency and With this type of log, you will be on s olid ground when you
reliability. dis cus s the current unbalance problem with your power company.
You can s how what you did and why. T his will help pinpoint the
problem.
Pa ge 59
COMPONENT PROBLEM SOLVING
SUBMERSIBLE PUMP AND MOTOR
P R OB LE M: MOTOR DOE S NOT S TAR T

C AUS E OF TR OUB LE C HE C K ING P R OC E DUR E R E ME DY
No power or incorrect voltage. Using voltmeter check the line terminals. C ontact power company if voltage is
+
Voltage must be 10%
- of rated voltage. incorrect.
F uses blown or circuit breakers C heck fuses for recommended size and R eplace with proper fuse or reset circuit
tripped. check for loose, dirty or corroded breaker.
connections in fuse receptacle. C heck
for tripped circuit breaker. Look for
damage from heat, lightning or surge.
Defective pressure switch. C heck voltage at contact points. R eplace pressure switch or clean points.
Improper contact of switch points can
cause voltage less than line voltage.
C ontrol panel malfunction. F or detailed procedure, see panel
manufacturers instructions.
Defective wiring. C heck for loose or corroded connections. C orrect faulty wiring or connections.
C heck the motor lead terminals with a
voltmeter for power.
B ound pump. Locked rotor conditions can result from S and bound pumps can sometimes be
misalignment between pump and motor corrected by temporarily reversing any
or sand bound pump. Amp readings 3 two leads in the control panel. If pump
to 6 times higher than normal will be does not rotate freely, it must be pulled.
indicated. Well may be crooked.
Defective cable or motor. C heck insulation resistance. R epair or replace.
P R OB LE M: MOTOR S TAR T S TOO OF T E N

P ressure switch. C heck setting on pressure switch and R eset limit or replace switch.
examine for defects.
C heck valve, stuck open. Damaged or defective check valve will R eplace if defective.
not hold pressure.
Waterlogged tank (air supply) C heck air volume control or snifter valve C lean or replace. Drain and recharge
for proper operation. tank.
Leak in system. C heck system for leaks. R eplace damaged pipes or repair leaks.
P R OB LE M: MOTOR R UNS B UT OV E R LOAD P R OT E C TOR T R IP S

Incorrect voltage. Using voltmeter check the line terminals. C ontact power company if voltage is
+
Voltage must be 10%
- of rated voltage. incorrect.
Overheated protectors. Direct sunlight or other heat source can S hade box, provide ventilation or move
make control box hot causing protectors box away from heat source.
to trip. The box must not be too hot
to touch.
C ontrol panel malfunction. F or detailed procedure, see panel
manufacturers instructions.
Defective cable or motor. C heck insulation resistance. R epair or replace.
Worn pump or motor. C heck running current. R epair or replace pump and/or motor.
Water system malfunction. C heck for waterlogged tank or defective R epair or replace.
pressure switch.
P ump load too great. Incorrect pump for motor.
Operating too far out on curve.
R otation backwards.
P age 60
P R OB LE M: MOTOR R UNS C ONT INUOUS LY

P ressure switch. S witch points may be "welded" in closed C lean points or replace switch, or
position. P ressure switch may be set readjust setting.
too high.
Low level well. P ump may exceed well capacity. S hut Throttle back pump output or reset
off pump, wait for well to recover. pump at a lower level. Do not lower if
C heck static and draw-down levels sand may clog pump.
from well head.
Leak in system. C heck system for leaks. R eplace damaged pipes or repair leaks.
Worn P ump. S ymptoms of worn pump are similar to P ull pump and replace worn impellers,
those of drop pipe leak or low water casing or other close fitting parts.
level in well. R educe pressure switch
setting, if pump shuts off, worn parts
may be at fault. S and is usually
present in tank.
Loose or broken motor No or little water will be delivered if C heck for damaged shafts if coupling
shaft. coupling between motor and pump shaft is loose and replace worn or defective
is loose or if a jammed pump has units.
caused the motor shaft to shear off.
P ump screen blocked. R estricted flow may indicate a clogged C lean screen and reset at less depth.
intake screen on pump. P ump may be It may be necessary to clean well.
installed in mud or sand.
C heck valve stuck closed. No water will be delivered if check valve R eplace if defective.
is in closed position.
C ontrol panel malfunction. S ee panel manufacturers instructions.
P ump performance P ump selection incorrect for system. R ecalculate R equirements.
P R OB LE M: NO WAT E R DE LIV E R E D
P ump not turning. C heck for broken pump/motor shaft or R epair or R eplace.
coupling. Motor is not running.
Discharge line restricted. C heck valve could be installed backwards R eplace if defective.
or could be stuck closed.
Inlet restricted. S creen could be plugged, well may be R epair or change well locations.
collapsed or the water level may be too
low.
Wrong rotation. R otation of three phase motor. R epair or R eplace.
Wrong pump selection. R ecalculate requirements. R eplace.
P R OB LE M: LOW WAT E R DE LIV E R Y

P ump speed or selection. R otation could be backwards. C heck for R ecalculate requirements.
low voltage or low phase. Wrong speed,
pump vs. motor.
R estricted discharge. Line clogged, corroded or ruptured. R epair or R eplace.
C heck valve stuck partially closed.
R estricted inlet. P artially clogged inlet screen. Well R epair or change well locations.
partially collapsed. Water level too low
in well. P lugged impeller.
Mechanical problem. P ump worn or loose impeller. R epair or R eplace.
P age 61
P R OB LE M: E LE C T R IC S HOC K
G rounding Improper (or absence of) ground on R epair or R eplace.
electrical system, controls or motor.
Wiring C heck for improper wiring, grounded R epair or R eplace.
motor or cable.
C ontrols Defective or burned out component. R epair or R eplace.
Moisture Wet controls or wiring. R epair or R eplace.
C AUT ION!E lectric shock from contact with any pumping system part is never safe to ignore! F ind and correct the cause!
AMME T E R ANALY S IS OF MOTOR P R OB LE MS

OP E R ATION AND WHAT TO LOOK F OR :
C ONDITION INDIC ATE D
AMME TE R R E ADING S 1 P HAS E MOTOR 3 P HAS E MOTOR
Motor won't start. Ammeter P ower is not connected to motor. Dead power line. S ame
reads zero on all lines. B lown fuses. S ame
Tripped overload. S ame
Defective pressure S ame
switch.
Defective control box. S ame
S eparated motor leads. S ame
Motor won't start. Ammeter P ower is connected to only part Defective control box. S ame
reads high on two lines, zero of motor windings. C ontrol box not One blown fuse
on other line. mounted vertically.
Very low voltage. One lead in power
supply
Damaged cables or S ame
splice.
Motor won't start. Ammeter P ower is connected to motor but Tight motor bearings. S ame
reads several times normal on something prevents starting. Tight pump bearings. S ame
all leads. Damaged cables or S ame
splice.
Very low voltage. S ame
S ingle phase motor runs but C ontrols are not switching out C ontrol box not Not applicable
ammeter reads high, especially start capacitor. mounted vertically.
on red lead. Overload may Defective relay.
trip. Very low voltage.
Motor connected to
wrong phase or voltage.
Motor runs but ammeter reads Motor is overloaded or voltage is F aulty motor. S ame
high on some or all leads. incorrect. F aulty pump. S ame
Overload may trip. Low or high voltage. S ame
Incorrect pump for S ame
motor.
P age 62
END PLAY (LATERAL)
-THRUST CONSTANT
CLOSED IMPELLER BOWLS SEMI-OPEN

IMPELLER SEAL - BOTT OM FACE AND SKIR T TO MATCHING BOWL SECTION IMPELLER SEAL - BOTT OM OF VANES TO MATCHING BOWL
SECTION
END PLA Y END PLA Y
BOWL MODEL ST ANDARD *SPECIAL THRUST CONST ANT BOWL MODEL END PLA Y SPECIAL THRUST CONST ANT
(inches) (inches) K (Lbs./Ft. Head) (inches) K (Lbs./Ft. Head)
6JC M4 3/8
3/8 1.56 1.50
6LC H4 1/4
6MC
1/2 2.24
6HC N/A
6XC 5/8 2.83
6WC 3/8 4.13
6YC 1/4 4.10
8JC 8JS 3.52
23/32 2.98
8LC 8LS 3.34
7/16 7/16
8KC 8KS 4.42
11/16 3.93
8MC 8MS 4.28
8EHC 3/8 5/8 5.40 8EHS 3/8 5.40
8WC 1/2 5/8 6.20
8YC 3/8 5/8 8.00 8YS 3/8 8.00
10JC 3.98
1/2 3/4
10KC 4.20
10LC 10LS
7/8 6.60 7.50
10MC 5/8 10MS 5/8
10HC 1 8.10 10HS 9.20
10WC 7/8 1 1/4 10WS 7/8 11.20
10.30
10YC 3/4 1 1/8 10YS 3/4 11.40
10ZC 1/2 7/8 13.60 10ZS 1/2 13.50
12JC 5/8 7/8 6.60
12IC 5/8 7/8 6.75 12IS 5/8 8.20
12KC 5/8 7/8 6.50 12KS 1/2 7.75
12LC 1 3/8 12LS 7/8
10.60 12.50
12MC 12MS 3/4
3/4 1 1/4
12HC 16.50 12HS 3/4 19.00
12XC 7/8 1 1/4 18.20 12XS 7/8 20.80
12WC 3/4 1 3/16 16.20 12WS 3/4 17.40
12YC 7/8 1 1/2 14.20 12YS 7/8 16.50
13M 15/16 1 3/16 8.00
14LC 17.20 14LS 19.70
14MC 14MS 23.40
14HC 7/8 1 3/8 21.80 14HS 7/8 25.20
14XC 14XS 23.40
14WC 24.80 14WS 26.20
14YC 1/2 5/8 24.00
14ZC 1/2 5/8 24.70
15KC 11/16 1 1/8 28.00 15KS 11/16 30.00
18LC 1/2 3/4 21.75
18MC 1/2 3/4 21.75
18HC 1/2 3/4 23.50
20MC 3/4 1 29.40
20HC 5/8 1 58.00
*Special End Play may reduce performance.
NOTE: CONSUL T FACT OR Y if additional end play is required.
Page 63
Dimensional
Information
TURBINE BOWL DIMENSIONS
G
F E
D A
B Bowl Shaft
C
OPEN LINESHAFT
Available Pipe
All Dimensions Are In Inches Diameter
Bowl Bowl Std. A Alt. A B C D E F G
Size Model Bowl Add Suction First Stage First Stage
Bowl Max. Turbine Shaft Shaft Suction Column
Stage Bell Without With
Dia. Dia. Projection
Dia. Length Dia. Suction Bell Suction Bell
6JL N/A 3/4 3-3/4 N/A 12.750 N/A
6 5-9/16 7-1/2 4 4
6MHXWY 1 4-3/4 13.750 N/A
7-1/4 16.938 5 5
8JL 7-7/8 5-5/8
9-1/4 17.438 6 6
13.875
8KM 7-1/2 7-1/4 16.938 5 5
7-13/16 1 5-5/8
9-1/4 17.438 6 6
8 7-1/2
8EH 7-1/4 17.563 5 5
7-11/16 6-1/4 14.500
9-1/4 18.063 6 6
7-1/4 5 5
T8RW 7-3/4 7-5/8 1-3/16 7-1/2 16.688 20.250
9-1/4 6 6
10JK 9-1/4 23.313 6 6
7-1/4 19.750
11-1/4 24.188 8 8
1-1/2
10LMH 9-1/2 7 9-1/4 23.063 6 6
10 9-7/8 7-1/2 19.500
11-1/4 23.938 8 8
9-1/4 24.563 6 6
10WYZ 1-11/16 8-1/2 21.000
11-1/4 25.438 8 8
11-1/4 11-1/4 24.813 8 8
12J 11-9/16 9 20.375
13-1/4 26.125 10 10
11-1/4 21.375 25.813 8 8
12IK 12 11-1/2 10
13-1/4 22.250 27.125 10 10
11-1/4 21.875 26.313 8 8
12 12LMHX 11-9/16 11-1/4 1-11/16 10-1/2
13-1/4 7-1/2 22.750 27.625 10 10
12W 11-1/4 22.625 27.063 8 8
12-3/16 11-1/4
13-1/4 23.500 28.375 10 10
11-3/4
12Y 11-1/4 23.125 27.563 8 8
12-1/4 11-3/4
13-1/4 24.000 28.875 10 10
13M 11-1/4 22.125 26.563 8 8
13 12-1/2 12-1/8 1-11/16 10-3/4 7-1/2
13-1/4 23.000 27.875 10 10
13-1/2 13-1/4 25.563 30.438 10 10
14LMHX 13-1/4 12-1/2
15-1/4 26.313 32.813 12 12
13-1/4 13-1/4 26.313 31.188 10 10
14 14W 1-15/16 7-1/2
14 13-3/4 15-1/4 27.063 33.563 12 12
13-1/4 25.375 30.250 10 10
14YZ 12-5/16
15-1/4 26.125 32.625 12 12
13-1/4 28.313 33.188 10 10
15 15K 14-3/4 N/A 1-15/16 15-1/4 7-1/2
15-1/4 29.063 35.563 12 12
No discharge cases on models 18" and up
18 18LMH 17-1/2 N/A 2-3/16 14 18 7-1/2 28.125 N/A 12
20M 19-1/4 N/A 2-7/16 19 20-7/8 7-1/2 N/A 33.500 N/A 14
20
20H 19-3/4 N/A 2-7/16 19-1/2 23-5/16 7-1/2 36.375 N/A 16
Note: Dimensions subject to change without notice
TURBINE BOWL DIMENSIONS
H E
G F
Inner Column Adapter
(R.H.Thread)
D A
B Bowl Shaft
C
ENCLOSED LINESHAFT
Available Pipe
All Dimensions Are In Inches Diameter
Bowl Bowl Std. A Alt. A B C D E F G H
Size Model Bowl Add Suction First Stage First Stage
Bowl Max. Shaft Shaft Tube Suction Column
Turbine Stage Bell Without With
Dia. Dia. Projection Proj.
Dia. Length Dia. Suction Bell Suction Bell
6JL N/A 3/4 3-3/4 N/A 14.250 N/A
6 5-9/16 22 9-1/2 4 4
6MHXWY 1 4-3/4 15.250 N/A
7-1/4 18.063 5 5
8JL 7-7/8 5-5/8
9-1/4 18.563 6 6
15.000
8KM 7-1/4 18.063 5 5
7-13/16 7-1/2 1 5-5/8
9-1/4 9-1/2 18.563 6 6
8 22
8EH 7-1/4 18.688 5 5
7-11/16 6-1/4 15.625
9-1/4 19.188 6 6
7-1/4 N/A N/A 5 5
T8RW 7-3/4 7-5/8 1-3/16 7-1/2
9-1/4 17.063 20.625 6 6
9-1/4 25.313 6 6
10JK 7-1/4 21.750
11-1/4 26.188 8 8
1-1/2 9-1/4
9-7/8 7 25.063 6 6
10 10LMH 9-1/2 22 9-1/2 21.500
11-1/4 25.938 8 8
9-1/4 26.563 6 6
10WYZ 1-11/16 8-1/2 23.000
11-1/4 27.438 8 8
11-1/4 26.313 8 8
12J 11-9/16 11-1/4 9 21.875
13-1/4 25.438 10 10
11-1/4 22.875 27.313 8 8
12IK 12 11-1/2 10
13-1/4 23.750 28.625 10 10
11-1/4 23.375 27.813 8 8
12 12LMHX 11-9/16 11-1/4 10-1/2
13-1/4 24.250 29.125 10 10
11-1/4 22 9-1/2 8
12W 24.125 28.563 8
12-3/16 1-11/16 11-1/4
13-1/4 25.000 29.875 10 10
11-3/4 11-1/4
12-1/4 24.625 29.063 8 8
12Y 11-3/4
13-1/4 25.000 30.375 10 10
10-3/4 11-1/4 23.625 28.063 8 8
13 13M 12-1/2 12-1/8
13-1/4 24.500 29.375 10 10
13-1/2 12-1/2 13-1/4 27.438 32.313 10 10
14LMHX 13-1/4
15-1/4 28.188 34.688 12 12
14 14W 1-15/16 13-1/4 13-1/4 28.188 33.063 10 10
14 15-1/4 28.938 35.438 12 12
13-3/4 22 9-1/2
13-1/4 27.250 32.125 10 10
14YZ 12-5/16
15-1/4 28.000 34.500 12 12
13-1/4 30.188 35.063 10 10
15 15K 14-3/4 N/A 1-15/16 15-1/4
15-1/4 30.938 37.438 12 12
Note: Dimensions subject to change without notice
SUBMERSIBLE TURBINES
C
G H D E
NPT Thread
B F
All Dimensions Are In Inches

Nom. Bowl Bowl Available
Bowl Bowl Dia. Dia. Discharge Motor
Model Shaft A B C D E F G H Size
Size Max. Turned Conn.
O.D. O.D. N.P.T.
6" NS6JL 5.875 5.563 3/4" 17.625 5.875 5.375 3.750 8.500 3.750 1.625 3.750 4" 4"
6" NJ6JL 5.875 5.563 3/4" 18.625 5.875 5.375 3.750 9.500 5.375 1.625 3.750 4" 6"
6" NS6MHX 5.813 5.563 1" 18.625 5.875 5.375 4.750 8.500 3.750 1.625 3.750 4" 4"
6" NS6MHX 5.813 5.563 1" 19.625 5.875 5.375 4.750 9.500 5.375 1.625 3.750 4" 6"
6" NS6WY 5.875 5.563 1" 18.625 5.875 5.375 4.750 8.500 3.750 1.625 3.750 4" 4"
6" NS6WY 5.875 5.563 1" 19.625 5.875 5.375 4.750 9.500 5.375 1.625 3.750 4" 6"
8" NS8JLKM 7.875 7.500 1" 22.563 7.813 5.250 5.625 11.688 5.375 1.750 3.500 6" 6"
8" NS8JLKM 7.875 7.500 1" 23.875 7.813 5.250 5.625 13.000 7.375 1.750 3.500 6" 8"
8" NS8EH 7.688 7.500 1" 23.188 7.813 5.250 6.250 11.688 5.375 1.750 3.500 6" 6"
8" NS8EH 7.688 7.500 1" 24.500 7.813 5.250 6.250 13.000 7.375 1.750 3.500 6" 8"
8" NS8Y 7.875 7.500 1-3/16" 24.438 7.813 5.250 7.500 11.688 5.375 1.750 3.500 6" 6"
8" NS8Y 7.875 7.500 1-3/16" 25.750 7.813 5.250 7.500 13.000 7.375 1.750 3.500 6" 8"
8" NS8RW 7.750 7.625 1-3/16" 24.688 7.813 5.625 7.500 11.563 5.375 1.750 3.875 6" 6"
8" NS8RW 7.750 7.625 1-3/16" 26.000 7.813 5.625 7.500 12.875 7.375 1.750 3.875 6" 8"
Note: Drawing depicts flanged bowl assembly. Dimensions are representative of both flanged or threaded conditions.
OPEN LINESHAFT
TURBINE PUMP COLUMN DIMENSIONS
Standard Duty - High Profile
With Threaded Inlet
L2
Heavy Duty - Low Profile C
With Head Column Flange
G
B
L1 G E
Z
9' 11-1/4" Top
C Column Pipe
E
8' 9-7/8"
Top Shaft
10' Standard
Lineshaft 10' Column
Pipe And
Spider Assembly
Notes:
"CD" dimension is to be obtained from the appropriate gear
drive or motor vendor catalog.
"E" HIGH PROFILE = From top outer column (butt joint) to
bottom of discharge head.
HIGH PROFILE
Head Shaft Couples Above The Packing Housing Kit
(Inches)
TR4A TR6B/BC TR8C TR10C TR10HD TR12HD

G 15-7/8 16-7/8 20-7/16 21-7/16 22-3/8 23
C 2-7/8 3-3/8 4-3/16 4-11/16 4-1/8 4 10' Standard
E 1-5/8 1-3/4 2 2-1/2 2-1/2 2-1/2 Lineshaft
10' Bottom Column
L2 "C" + "CD" + 2" = Head Shaft Length
Pipe And Spider
B 123-1/2 123-1/2 126 126 127-1/2 128-1/4
Assembly
LOW PROFILE
Head Shaft Couples Below Head
(Inches)
F4A F6C F8C F10C F12C

Z 17-3/16 18-15/16 18-11/16 20-9/16 22-15/16
G 13-1/4 15-1/4 15-1/2 18-3/8 20-3/4
E 2-1/2 2-1/2 3 4 4 7-1/2" Shaft
Projection
L1 "Z" + "CD" + 2" = Head Shaft Length
C 3-15/16 3-11/16 3-3/16 2-3/16 2-3/16
Note: Discharge Case

Top and Bottom Standard is 9' 11-1/4" (or 4' 11-1/4" at customers request.)
ENCLOSED LINESHAFT TURBINE PUMP COLUMN DIMENSIONS
Standard Duty - High Profile
With Threaded Inlet
Heavy Duty - Low Profile L2
With Head Column Flange C
L1 G
Z E
28"**
E (See notes)
2' Top
Column
B Top Shaft Pipe
28"**
(See notes)
B Topshaft
5" Inner
Column 5' Inner
Extension Column
Extension
Notes:
"CD" dimension is to be obtained from the appropriate gear 10' Column
or motor vendor catalog. Pipe
"E" HIGH PROFILE = From top outer column (butt joint) to
bottom of discharge head.
**28" is provided by the factory. Customer is to cut to
length at installation.
HIGH PROFILE
Head Shaft Couples Above The Packing Housing Kit
10' Standard 5' Inner
(Inches) Lineshaft Column
TR4A TR6B/BC TR8C TR10C TR10HD TR12HD
G 15-7/8 16-7/8 20-7/16 21-7/16 22-3/8 23
C 2-7/8 3-1/8 5 4-11/16 4-1/8 4
E 1-1/2 1-3/4 2 2-1/2 2-1/2 2-1/2
10' Bottom
L2 "C" + "CD" + 2" = Head Shaft Length Column
B 110 110 111-7/16 112-1/4 112-1/4 114-1/2 Pipe
LOW PROFILE
Head Shaft Couples Below Head 5' Inner
(Inches) Column
F4A F6C F8C F10C F12C 22" Shaft
Z 13-1/16 15-1/16 14-13/16 16-11/16 19-1/16 Projection
G 13-1/4 15-1/4 15-1/2 18-3/16 20-3/4 9-1/2"
E 2-11/16
Projection
2-3/16 2-3/16 3-11/16 3-11/16
L1 "Z" + "CD" + 2" = Head Shaft Length
B 120" 120" 120" 120" 120"
Discharge Case
STANDARD DUTY - HIGH PROFILE DISCHARGE HEADS
AND FOUNDATION PLATES
Standard Duty - High Profile Discharge Heads
Discharge Dimensions (In Inches)
Head Inner Outer
Discharge A B C D E F G H J
Model Column Column
TR4A 4 2 4 10 9-1/8 8-1/4 7/16 1-5/8 6-3/4 15-7/8 4 9
TR6B 6 2 6 12 9-1/8 8-1/4 7/16 1-3/4 8-3/8 16-7/8 4-1/8 9-1/8
TR6C 6 2 6 16-1/2 14-3/4 13-1/2 11/16 1-3/4 8-3/8 16-7/8 4-1/8 9-1/8
TR8C 8 2-1/2 8 16-1/2 14-3/4 13-1/2 11/16 2 10-11/16 20-7/16 3-13/16 12-1/4
TR10C 10 2-1/2 10 16-1/2 14-3/4 13-1/2 11/16 2-1/2 10-11/16 21-7/16 4-5/16 10-7/8
TR10HD 10 3-1/2 10 20 14-3/4 13-1/2 11/16 2-1/2 11-5/16 22-3/8 5-1/16 11-1/16
TR12HD 12 3-1/2 12 20 14-3/4 13-1/2 11/16 2-1/2 11-15/16 23 5-3/16 11
Standard Duty - High Profile Discharge Heads

Head
K L M N P Q R S T X Z
Model
TR4A 8 5/8 Tap 8-3/4 16 10-1/16 7-1/2 3/4 1-1/8 1 6-7/8 3-1/8
TR6B 8 3/4 Tap 7-7/8 19 12-1/32 9-1/2 3/4 1 1 7-3/4 3-1/8
TR6C 8 3/4 Tap 7-7/8 19 12-1/32 9-1/2 3/4 1 1 7-3/4 3-3/4
TR8C 8 3/4 Tap 10 21 13-1/4 11-3/4 3/4 1 1-1/8 8-3/16 3-3/4
TR10C 12 7/8 Tap 10 21 13-1/4 14-1/4 3/4 1 1-1/8 10-9/16 3-3/4
TR10HD 12 7/8 Tap 10 23-1/2 15-1/32 14-1/4 3/4 1-11/16 1-1/8 11-5/16 5
TR12HD 12 7/8 Tap 14 25 16-3/32 17 3/4 2-3/16 1-1/4 12 5
NOTE: Dimensions are subject to change without notice.
A Dia.
B B.C. Dia.
(4) D Dia. Holes C Dia. Foundation Steel Plates
(Standard Threaded Discharge Heads)
Disch. Head Approx. Plate Dimensions
125 # A.S.A Model Weight A B C D E
Disch. Flange TR4A 130 24.000 12.000 12.500 10.500 5.031
K L TR6BC 130 24.000 12.000 13.000 10.500 6.016
Z
On Q B.C. TR8C 130 24.000 12.000 16.500 10.500 6.625
J TR10C 130 24.000 12.000 16.750 10.500 6.625
TR10HD 165 26.000 13.000 17.500 11.500 7.516
R N.P.T TR12HD 180 28.000 14.000 18.500 12.500 8.047
Thread
G Foundation Steel Plates
(Standard Threaded Discharge Heads)
Disch. Head Plate Dimensions
Model F G H J
TR4A 1-1/8 49/64 7/8-9UNC-2B 1.000
X F TR6BC 1-1/8 49/64 7/8-9UNC-2B 1.000
TR8C 1-1/8 7/8 1-8UNC-2B 1.000
H TR10C 1-1/8 7/8 1-8UNC-2B 1.000
E TR10HD 1-1/8 7/8 1-8UNC-2B 1.000
S S TR12HD 1-1/4 63/64 1-1/8-7UNC-2B 1.250
"All Dimensions in inches"
M
N
(4) T Dia. Holes
(4) "F" Dia. Holes Thru

B (4) "G" Dia Holes Thru
A
Tap "H" Thru
D
E
P Square C
J
E
D
A
B
HEAVY DUTY - LOW PROFILE DISCHARGE HEADS
AND FOUNDATION PLATES
Heavy Duty - Low Profile Discharge Heads

Head Inner Outer
A B C D E F G H
Model Discharge Column Column
F4A 4 2 5 10 9-1/8 8-1/4 3/8 2-1/2 6-1/2 13-1/4 5
F6B 6 2 6 12 9-1/8 8-1/4 3/8 2-1/2 8-5/16 15-1/4 5-7/16
F6C 6 2 6 16-1/2 9-1/8 13-1/2 3/8 2-1/2 8-5/16 15-1/4 5-7/16
F8C 8 2-1/2 10 16-1/2 14-3/4 13-1/2 5/8 3 7-7/8 15-1/2 6-1/4
F12C 12 2-1/2 12 16-1/2 14-3/4 13-1/2 5/8 4 10-7/8 20-3/4 7-3/4
Heavy Duty - Low Profile Discharge Heads

Head
J K L M N P R S T Z
Model
F4A 5-1/2 10 12-3/4 7-1/8 14-1/4 11-1/2 1-1/2 1-1/8 3/4 3-1/8
F6B 6-1/4 11 14-3/4 8-3/16 16-3/8 13-1/8 1-1/2 1-3/8 7/8 3-1/8
F6C 6-1/4 11 14-3/4 8-3/16 16-3/8 13-1/8 1-1/2 1-3/8 7/8 3-1/8
F8C 6-1/2 15 17-1/4 9-3/4 19-1/2 15-1/2 2-1/2 1-1/2 1-1/8 3-3/4
F12C 8-1/4 17-1/2 20-1/4 11-3/4 23 18 2-1/2 2 1-1/4 5
NOTE: Dimensions are subject to change without notice.
A Dia.
B B.C. "D" - NC Thrd.
C Dia.
125 # A.S.A.
J Disch. Flange
Z Bore Dia.
Through Head
G
"R" - N.P.T.
0.063
F
H
E
S
(4) "T" Dia. Holes K Dia. P Square

L Square N Square
M
(4) "G" Dia. Holes Thru

B Tap "H" Thru
A
D
E (4) "F" Dia. Holes Thru
J
E
D
A Foundation Steel Plates (Heavy Duty - Low Profile Discharge Heads)

B
Disch. Head Approx. Plate Dimensions
Model Weight A B C D E F G H J
F4A 55 18.000 9.000 12.500 7.750 5.750 3/4 17/32 5/8-11UNC-2B 1.000
F6A/F6C 86 20.000 10.000 12.500 8.750 6.563 7/8 21/32 3/4-10UNC-2B 1.000
F8C 108 24.000 12.000 16.000 10.500 7.750 1-1/8 7/8 1-8UNC-2B 1.000
F12C 173 26.000 13.000 16.000 11.500 9.000 1-1/4 63/64 1-1/8-7UNC-2B 1.250
"All dimensions in inches"

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Vertical Turbine

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Booster, Supply Water

Bowl Assembly Cast Iron Cast Iron Bronze

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- Your Local Authorized Distributor -

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Bowl Assembly Cast Iron Cast Iron Bronze

Quench Water, Filtration, Transfer,

Filter Backwash, Circulation

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BRONZE FITTED ALL IRON ALL BRONZE

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Filter Backwash, Circulation

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Minimum acceptable bowl efficiency, (%):

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BRONZE FITTED ALL IRON ALL BRONZE

Bowl Assembly Cast Iron Cast Iron Bronze

Quench Water, Filtration, Transfer,

Filter Backwash, Circulation

Minimum acceptable bowl efficiency, (%):

Suction Pressure (PSIG)

- Your Local Authorized Distributor -

Sales & Marketing:

HVAC, Booster, Supply Water

BRONZE FITTED ALL IRON ALL BRONZE

Bowl Assembly Cast Iron Cast Iron Bronze

Quench Water, Filtration, Transfer,

Filter Backwash, Circulation

Minimum acceptable bowl efficiency, (%):

Suction Pressure (PSIG)

- Your Local Authorized Distributor -

Sales & Marketing:

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BRONZE FITTED ALL IRON ALL BRONZE

Bowl Assembly Cast Iron Cast Iron Bronze

Quench Water, Filtration, Transfer,

Filter Backwash, Circulation

PUMPING CONDITIONS: MUNICIPAL

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BRONZE FITTED ALL IRON ALL BRONZE

Bowl Assembly Cast Iron Cast Iron Bronze

Quench Water, Filtration, Transfer,

Minimum acceptable bowl efficiency, (%):

Suction Pressure (PSIG)

- Your Local Authorized Distributor -

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