Mat Sci Problems and Solution - Group-8 PDF

Question Problems with Solution (1-50) Test- Material Science
● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 6, Page 5-19) ● Material Science and Enigineering by Callister 9e, (Chapter 9)
1. How many protons (P) and neutron are there in the nucleus are 10. What is the carbon concentration of an iron–carbon alloy for which
present in a Pb nucleus of atomic mass of 206? the fraction of total ferrite is 0.94?
a. P = 92, N = 156 b. P = 85, N = 160 a. 0.42wt% b. 0.46wt%
c. P = 82, N = 124 c. P = 82, N = 150 c. 0.44wt% d. 0.50wt%
● Ex. Problem 2.2 , Chapter 2, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Page 34-35) ● Material Science and Enigineering by Callister 9e, (Chapter 9)
2. The atomic radii of 𝐾 + and 𝐵𝑟 − ions are 0.138 and 0.196 nm, 11. Compute the mass fractions of proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite that
respectively, calculate the force of attraction between these two ions at form in an iron–carbon alloy containing 0.25 wt% C
their equilibrium interionic separation a. 0.96 and 0.41 b. 0.56 and 0.51
c. 0.69 and 0.31 d. 0.89and 0.21
a. 3.07 × 10−9 N b. 2.07 × 10−9 N
c. 4.07 × 10−9 N c. 5.07 × 10−9 N ● Ex. Problem 9.3 Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Chapter 9)
12-13. For a 40 wt% Sn–60 wt% Pb alloy at 150°C (300°F)
● Ex. Problem 2.3, Chapter 2, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Page 44)
3. Compute the percent ionic character (%IC) of the interatomic bond 12. Calculate the relative amount of each phase present in terms of
that forms between carbon and hydrogen. mass fraction.
a. 14.6 % b. 16.4 % a. 0.30 and 0.68 b. 0.20 and 78

c. 9.3 % d. 3.9 % c. 0.33 and 0.67 c. 0.23 and 0.77
● Problem 2.3, Chapter 2, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 8e, (Page 41)
4. How many grams are there in one amu of a material? 13. Calculate the relative amount of each phase present in terms of
volume fraction
a. 1.66 × 10−24 b. 2.66 × 10−24 a. 0.42 and 0.58 b. 0.43 and 0.59
c. 3.22 × 10−24 d. 4.22 × 10−24
c. 0.44 and 0.57 d. 0.45 and 0.56
5. Calculate the force of attraction between a 𝐾 + and an 𝑂 2− ion whose ● Ex. Problem 10.2 Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Chapter 10)
centers are separated by a distance of 1.5 nm. 14. It is known that the kinetics of recrystallization for some alloy
obeys the Avrami equation and that the value of n is 3.1. If the fraction
a. 2.04 × 10−9 N b. 2.04 × 109 N recrystallized is 0.30 after 20 min, determine the rate of
c. 2.05 × 10−10 N d. . 2.05 × 1010 N recrystallization.
a. 3 × 10−2 b. 4 × 10−2
● Problem 3.2, Chapter 3, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 8e, (Page 84) c. 5 × 10 −2
d. 6 × 10−2
6. If the atomic radius of aluminum is 0.143 nm, calculate the volume
of its unit cell in cubic meters. ● Material Science and Enigineering by Callister 9e, (Chapter 10)
15. Compute the rate of some reaction that obeys Avrami kinetics,
a. 6.62 × 10−29 𝑚3 b. 6.062 × 10−19 𝑚3 assuming that the constants n and k have values of 3.0 and 7 × 10−3 ,
c. 6.62 × 10−39 𝑚3 c. . 6.62 × 10−9 𝑚3 respectively, for time expressed in seconds
a. 0.135/s b. 0.28/s
7. Calculate the radius of an iridium atom, given that Ir has an FCC c. 0.251/s d. 0.216/s
crystal structure, a density of 22.4 g/𝑐𝑚3, and an atomic weight of ● Material Science and Enigineering by Callister 9e, (Chapter 10)
192.2 g/mol. 16. It is known that the kinetics of recrystallization for some alloy obey
the Avrami equation and that the value of n in the exponential is 2.5.
a. 0.216 nm b. 0.316 nm If, at some temperature, the fraction recrystallized is 0.40 after 200
c. 0.126 nm d. 0.136 nm min, determine the rate of recrystallization at this temperature.
a. 4.5 × 10−3 /𝑚𝑖𝑛 b. 4.40 × 10−3/𝑚𝑖𝑛
8. Rhodium has an atomic radius of 0.1345 nm and a density of 12.41 c. 4.52 × 10−3 /𝑚𝑖𝑛 d. 4.42 × 10−3/𝑚𝑖𝑛
g/𝑐𝑚3. Determine crystal structure.
● Material Science and Enigineering by Callister 9e, (Chapter 10)
a. hexagonal close-packed b. face-centered cubic 17. If copper (which has a melting point of 1085°C) homogeneously
c. body-centered cubic d. none of the above nucleates at 849°C, calculate the critical radius given values of
– 1.77 × 109 𝐽/𝑚3 and 0.200 𝐽/𝑚2, respectively, for the latent heat
● Problem 3.15, Chapter 3, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 8e, (Page 84-85) of fusion and the surface free energy.
9. The unit cell for tin has tetragonal symmetry, with a and b lattice
a. 1.22 𝑛𝑚 b. 1.32𝑛𝑚
parameters of 0.583 and 0.318 nm, respectively. If its density, atomic
weight, and atomic radius are 7.27 g/𝑐𝑚3, 118.71 g/mol, and 0.151 c. 1.20 𝑛𝑚 d. 1.30 𝑛𝑚
nm, respectively, compute the atomic packing factor.
a. 0.345 b. 0.435
c. 0.453 d. 0.534
Test- Material Science
● Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, Questions and Problems (Chapter 14, Page equal to r = d√𝑵. A linear polyethylene has a number-average
578/14.16)
molecular weight of 300,000 g/mol; compute average values of L and
18. The number-average molecular weight of a poly(acrylonitrile-
r for this material.
butadiene) alternating copolymer is 1,000,000 g/mol; determine the
average number of acrylonitrile and butadiene repeat units per
a. L = 2568.58 nm b. L = 2586.58 nm
molecule.
r = 21.45 nm r = 21.54 nm
a. 8,928 c. 8,929
c. L = 2668.58 nm d. L = 2686.5 nm
b. 8,930 d. 8,931
r = 22.45 nm r = 22.54 nm
● Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, Questions and Problems (Chapter 14, Page
577/14.2)
● Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e , Questions and Problems (Chapter 14, Page
19. Compute repeat unit molecular weights for the following: 578/14.20)
(a) polytetrafluoroethylene 23. Crosslinked copolymers consisting of 35 wt% ethylene and 65 wt%
(b) poly(methyl methacrylate propylene may have elastic properties similar to those for natural
(c) nylon 6,6 rubber. For a copolymer of this composition, determine the fraction of
(d) poly(ethylene terephthalate) both repeat unit types.
a. 99 g/mol. b. 100 g/mol. a. 0.55 f(ethylene) b. 0.50 f(ethylene)

100 g/mol 101 g/mol 0.45 f(propylene) 0.50 f(propylene)
223 g/mol 225 g/mol c. 0.45 f(ethylene) d. 0.60 f(ethylene)
189 g/mol 191 g/mol 0.55 f(propylene) 0.40 f(propylene)
c. 101 g/mol d. 100 g/mol ● Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e , Questions and Problems (Chapter 14, Page
101 g/mol 100 g/mol 578/14.10)
224 g/mol 226 g/mol 24. Using the definitions for total chain molecule length L and average
190 g/mol 192 g/mol chain end-to-end distance r, determine the following for a linear
polytetrafluoroethylene:
● Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, Questions and Problems (Chapter 14, Page (a) the number-average molecular weight for L = 2000 nm
577/14.3)
(b) the number-average molecular weight for r = 15 nm
20. The number-average molecular weight of a poly-styrene is 500,000
g/mol. Compute the degree of polymerization.
a. (a) 794,600 g/mol b. (a) 796,600 g/mol
(b) 477,400 g/mol (b) 475,400 g/mol
a. 4,807 b. 4,808
c. (a) 795,600 g/mol d. (a) 797,600g/mol
c. 4,809 d. 4,810
(b) 476,400 g/mol (b) 474,400 g/mol
577/14.5) ● Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e , Questions and Problems (Chapter 14, Page
578/14.17)
21. The following table lists molecular weight data for a
25. Calculate the number-average molecular weight of a random
polytetrafluoroethylene material. Compute the following:
poly(isobutylene-isoprene) copolymer in which the fraction of
(a) the number-average molecular weight
isobutylene repeat units is 0.25; assume that this concentration
(b) the weight-average molecular weight
corresponds to a degree of polymerization of 1500.
(c) the degree of polymerization
a.96,000 g/mol b. 96,500 g/mol
c. 97,000 g/mol d. 97,500 g/mol
● (Callister Material Science and Engineering an Introduction 8 th ed. Page 796)

26. To what temperature would 25 𝑙𝑏𝑚 of a 1025 steel specimen at
25°𝐶 (77°𝐹) be raised if 125 Btu of heat is supplied?
a. 48°C
b. 49°C
c. 50°C
a. (a) 49,800 g/mol b. (a) 48,800 g/mol d. 51°C
(b) 55,200 g/mol (b) 56,200 g/mol
(c) 498 (c) 497 ●Callister Material Science and Engineering an Introduction 8 th ed. Page 796)
c. (a) 47,800 g/mol d. (a) 46,800 g/mol 12π4 𝑅
27. The constant A in Equation is ? where R is the gas constant
5(θD3
(b) 57,200 g/mol (b) 58,200 g/mol
and 𝜃𝐷 is the Debye temperature (K). Estimate 𝜃𝐷 for copper, given
(c) 496 (c) 495
that the specific heat is 0. 78 𝐽/𝑘𝑔 − 𝐾 𝑎𝑡 10 𝐾.
a. 325K
577-578/14.9)
22. For a linear, freely rotating polymer molecule, the total chain b. 330K
c. 335K
length L depends on the bond length between chain atoms d, the total
d. 340K
number of bonds in the molecule N, and the angle between adjacent
𝜽
backbone chain atoms u, as follows: L = Nd sin( ) Furthermore, the
𝟐
average end-to-end distance for a series of polymer molecules r is
● (Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 8 th ed. Page 796) ● (Callister Material Science and Engineering an Introduction 8 th ed. Page 797)
28. An aluminum wire 10 𝑚 (32.8 𝑓𝑡) long is cooled from 38 𝑡𝑜 − 34. To what temperature must a cylindrical rod of tungsten 10.000
1°𝐶 (100 𝑡𝑜 30°𝐹). How much change in length will it experience?
mm in diameter and a plate of 316 stainless steel having a circular
𝛼𝑙 = 23.6 × 10 − 6/°𝐶
hole 9.988 mm in diameter have to be heated for the rod to just fit
a. 0.36 into the hole? Assume that the initial temperature is 25°C. where;
b. -0.36 𝛼(316 stainless steel) =16.0𝑥10−6 /°𝐶 , 𝛼(Tungsten)=4.5𝑥10−6 /°𝐶
c. 0.40
d. -0.40 a. 129.5°C
b. 130°C
● (Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 8 th ed. Page 797) c. 130.5°C
29. A 0.1 m (3.9 in.) rod of a metal elongates 0.2 mm (0.0079 in.) on d. 131°C
heating from 20 to 100°C (68 to 212°F). Determine the value of the
linear coefficient of thermal expansion for this material. ● Ex. Problem 6.1, Chapter 6, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Page 177)
35. A piece of copper originally 305 mm (12 in.) long is pulled in
a. 25.0𝑥10−6/°C tension with a stress of 276 MPa (40,000 psi). If the deformation is
b. 26.0𝑥10−6/°C entirely elastic, what will be the resultant elongation?
a. 0.77 mm b. 0.66 mm
c. 27.0𝑥10−6/°C
c. 0.76 mm d. 0.67 mm
d. 28.0𝑥10−6/°C
● (Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 8 th ed. Page 797)
36. A cylindrical specimen of steel having an original diameter of 12.8
30. Calculate the heat flux through a sheet of steel 10 mm (0.39 in.)
mm (0.505 in.) is tensiletested to fracture and found to have
thick if the temperatures at the two faces are 300 and 100°C (572 and
engineering fracture strength 𝜎𝑓 of 460 MPa (67,000 psi). If its cross-
212°F); assume steady-state heat flow. The thermal conductivity for
steel is 51.9 W/m-K sectional diameter at fracture is 10.7 mm (0.422 in.), determine the
ductility in terms of percentage reduction in area and the true stress at
a. 1.04𝑥10^6 𝑊/𝑚2 fracture.
b. 1.04𝑥10^ − 6 𝑊/𝑚2 a. 30%, 660 MPa b. 60%, 330 MPa
c. 30%, 360 MPa d. 60%, 630 MPa
c. 1.14𝑥10^5 𝑊/𝑚2
d. 1.14𝑥10 − 5 𝑊/𝑚2
37. Compute the strain-hardening exponent n for an alloy in which a
● (Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 8 ed. Page 797)
th
true stress of 415 MPa (60,000 psi) produces a true strain of 0.10;
31. What is the heat loss per hour if the area of the sheet is 0.25 m2
assume a value of 1035 MPa (150,000 psi) for K.
(2.7 ft2)?
a. 0.10 b. 0.20
c. 0.30 d. 0.40
a. 8.9x10^4 Btu/h
b. 8.9x10^5 Btu/h
● Design Ex. 6.1, Chapter 6, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Page 200)
c. 8.9x10^6 Btu/h
38. A tensile-testing apparatus is to be constructed that must withstand
d. 8.9x10^7 Btu/h
a maximum load of 220,000 N (50,000 lbf). The design calls for two
cylindrical support posts, each of which is to support half of the
● (Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 8 th ed. Page 798)
maximum load. Furthermore, plain-carbon (1045) steel ground and
32. A copper wire is stretched with a stress of 70 MPa (10,000 psi) at
polished shafting rounds are to be used; the minimum yield and tensile
20°C (68°F). If the length is held constant, to what temperature must
strengths of this alloy are 310 MPa (45,000 psi) and 565 MPa (82,000
the wire be heated to reduce the stress to 35 MPa (5000 psi)? Using
psi), respectively. Specify a suitable diameter for these support posts.
value for 𝐸= 110 𝐺𝑃𝑎 and 𝛼 = 17.0𝑥10−6/°𝐶.
a. 45.7 mm b. 74.5 mm
c. 54.7 mm d. 47.5 mm
a. 101°F
b. 121°F
c. 131°F
39. A specimen of copper having a rectangular cross section 15.2
d. 141°F
mm×19.1 mm (0.60 in.× 0.75 in.) is pulled in tension with 44,500 N
(10,000 lbf) force, producing only elastic deformation. Calculate the
● (Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 9th ed. Page 798). resulting strain .
33. A brass rod is to be used in an application requiring its ends to be a. 1.93𝑥10−3 b. 1.39𝑥10−3
−3
held rigid. If the rod is stress-free at room temperature [20°C (68°F)], c. 3.19𝑥10 d. 9.31𝑥10−3
what is the maximum temperature to which the rod may be heated
without exceeding a compressive stress of 172 MPa (25,000 psi)? ● Ex. Problem 7.2 , Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Page 235)
Assume a modulus of elasticity of 100 GPa (14.6x10^6psi) for brass. 40. Compute the tensile strength and ductility (%EL) of a cylindrical
Where ; copper rod if it is cold worked such that the diameter is reduced from
𝛼 = 20 × 10−6/°𝐶 15.2 mm to 12.2 mm (0.60 in. to 0.48 in.).
a. 45.6% b. 35.6%
a. 222°F c. 55.6% d. 65.6%
b. 223°F
c. 224°F
d. 225°F
● Problem 7.1 , Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 6Ed. ● Problem 8.1 , Chapter 8, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 6Ed.
41. To provide some perspective on the dimensions of atomic defects, 49. What is the magnitude of the maximum stress that exists at the tip
consider a metal specimen that has a dislocation density of 104 𝑚𝑚2 . of an internal crack having a radius of curvature of 2.5x10−4mm
Suppose that all the dislocations in 1000 𝑚𝑚3 (1𝑐𝑚3) were somehow (10−5in.) and a crack length of 2.5x10−2mm (10−3 in.) when a tensile
removed and linked end to end. How far (in miles) would this chain stress of 170 MPa (25,000 psi) is applied?
extend? Now suppose that the density is increased to 1010 𝑚𝑚−2 by a. 2303 MPa b. 2404 MPa
cold working. What would be the chain length of dislocations in 1000 c. 2202 MPa d. 2102 MPa
𝑚𝑚3 of material?
a. 6.1 mi, 6.2𝑥106𝑚𝑖 b. 6.3 mi, 6.2𝑥106 𝑚𝑖 ● Problem 8.31, Chapter 8, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 6Ed.
c. 6.2 mi, 6.2𝑥106𝑚𝑖 d. 6.4 mi, 6.2𝑥106 𝑚𝑖 50. A cylindrical component constructed from an S-590 alloy has a
diameter of 12 mm (0.50 in.). Determine the maximum load that may
● Ex. Problem 8.1 , Chapter 8, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Page 260) be applied for it to survive 500 h at 9258C (1700°F).
42. A relatively large plate of a glass is subjected to a tensile stress of a. 6555N b. 5555N
c. 5655N d. 5565N
40 MPa. If the specific surface energy and modulus of elasticity for
this glass are 0.3𝐽/𝑚2 and 69 GPa, respectively, determine the
maximum length of a surface flaw that is possible without fracture.
a. 0.0028mm b. 0.0032mm
c. 0.0082mm d. 0.0042m
43. An aluminum bar 125 mm long and having a square cross section
16.5 mm on an edge is pulled in tension with a load of 66,700 N and
experiences an elongation of 0.43 mm. Assuming that the deformation
is entirely elastic, calculate the modulus of elasticity of the aluminum.
a. 1.175𝑥109 𝑁/𝑚2 b. 1.571𝑥109 𝑁/𝑚2
9 2
c. 1.715𝑥10 𝑁/𝑚 d. 1.751𝑥109 𝑁/𝑚2
44. Consider a cylindrical nickel wire 2.0 mm (0.08 in.) in diameter
and 3𝑥104 𝑚𝑚 (1200 in.) long. Calculate its elongation when a load of
300 N (67 lbf) is applied. Assume that the deformation is totally elastic.
a. 0.0277 mm b. 0.0727 mm
c. 0.0772 mm d. 0.2077 mm
45. Consider a cylindrical specimen of some hypothetical metal alloy
that has a diameter of 10.0 mm (0.39 in.). A tensile force of 1500 N
(340 lbf) produces an elastic reduction in diameter of 6.7x10−4mm
(2.64 x10−5in). Compute the modulus of elasticity for this alloy,
given that Poisson's ratio is 0.35.
a. 1.018𝑥1010 𝑃𝑎 b. 9.977𝑥1010 𝑃𝑎
10
c. 8.114𝑥10 𝑃𝑎 d. 7.705𝑥1010 𝑃𝑎
● Problem 6.D1, Chapter 6, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Page 213)
46. A large tower is to be supported by a series of steel wires; it is
estimated that the load on each wire will be 13,300 N (3000 lbf).
Determine the minimum required wire diameter, assuming a factor of
safety of 2.0 and a yield strength of 860 MPa (125,000 psi) for the
steel.
a. 8.28 mm b. 6.28 mm
c. 2.88 mm d. 8.62 mm
● Problem 7.18 , Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 6Ed.

47. The critical resolved shear stress for iron is 27 MPa (4000 psi).
Determine the maximum possible yield strength for a single crystal of
Fe pulled in tension.
a. 54 MPa b. 68 MPa
c. 32 MPa d. 44 MPa
● Problem 7.30 , Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 6Ed.

48. A cylindrical specimen of cold-worked copper has ductility (%EL)
of 25%. If its cold-worked radius is 10 mm (0.40 in.), what was its
radius before deformation?
a. 11.5 mm b. 10.8 mm
c. 11.4 mm d. 10.6 mm
Key Answer to the Question Problems with Solution (1-50) Test- Material Science
1. C- P= 82, N = 124 7. D. 0.136 nm

Solution Solution
The number of protons (P) = 82
The number of neutron (N) = 206-82= 124
P= 82, N = 124
2. B. 2.07 × 10−9 N
Solution
8. B. face-centered cubic
Solution
9. D. 0.534
3. D- 3.9 % Solution
Solution
4. A 1.66 × 10−24
Solution
10. A- 0.42wt%
Solution
Application of the lever rule
𝑐𝐹𝑒3𝑐 − 𝑐𝑜 6.70 − 𝑐𝑜
𝑊𝛼 = 0.94 = =
𝑐𝐹𝑒3𝑐 − 𝑐𝛼 6.70 − 0.022
5. C 2.05 × 10−10 N
Solution
𝐶𝑜 = 0.42𝑤𝑡%
11. C- 0.69 and 0.31

Solution
Application of lever rule expression for computation of pearlite mass fraction
𝐶𝑜 − 0.022 0.25 − 0.022

𝑊𝑝 = = = 0.31
0.74 0.74
Application of lever rule expression for computation of proeutectoid ferrite mass fraction
0.76 − 𝐶𝑜 0.76 − 0.25

𝑊𝛼 = = = 0.69
0.74 0.74
6. A. 6.62 × 10−29 𝑚3
Solution
12. C-0.33 and 0.67
13. A-0.42 and 0.58
15. D-0.216/s
14. B-4 × 10−2

16. D-4.42 × 10−3/𝑚𝑖𝑛

17. D- 1.30 nm
18. C- 8,929
Solution
Since it is an alternating copolymer, the number of both types of repeat units will be the
same. Therefore, consider them as a single repeat unit, and determine the number-
average degree of polymerization. For the acrylonitril repeat unit, there are three carbon
atoms, three hydrogen atoms and one nitrogen atom, while the butadiene repeat consists
of four carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms. Therefore, the styrene-butadiene
combined repeat unit weight is just
m = 7(AC) + 9(AH) + 1(AN )
= (7)(12 g/mol) + (9)(1 g/mol) + (1)(19 g/mol) = 112 g/mol
The degree of polymerization is just
1,000,000 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
DP = = 8,929
112 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
Thus, there is an average of 8,929 of both repeat unit types per molecule.
19. . D. (a) 100 g/mol; (b) 100 g/mol; (c) 226 g/mol; (d) 192 g/mol
Solution
(a) For polytetrafluoroethylene, each repeat unit consists of two carbons, and
four fluorines. If Ac and AF represent the atomic weights of carbon and
fluorine, respectively, then
m = 2(Ac ) + 4(AF)
m = (2)(12 g/mol) + (4)(19 g/mol) = 100 g/mol
(b) For poly(methyl methacrylate), each repeat unit has five carbons, eight
hydrogens, and two oxygens. Thus,
m = 5(Ac ) + 8(A H) + 2(AO)
m = 5(12 g/mol) + (8)(1 g/mol) + (2)(16 g/mol) = 100 g/mol
(c) For nylon 6,6, each repeat unit has twelve carbons, twenty-two hydrgens,
two nitrogens, and two oxygens. Thus,
m = 12(Ac ) + 22(AH) + 2(AN ) + 2(AO)
m = (12)(12 g/mol) + (22)(1 g/mol) + (2)(14 g/mol) + (2)(16 g/mol) = 226

g/mol
(d) For poly(ethylene terephthalate), each repeat unit has ten carbons, eight
hydrogens, and four oxygens. Thus,
m = 10(Ac ) + 8(AH) + 4(AO)
m = (10)(12 g/mol) + (8)(1 g/mol) + (4)(16 g/mol) = 192 g/mol

20. B- 4,808 g/mol total number of chain bonds in the molecule, N, is just (2)(10,714) = 21,428 bonds.
Solution Furthermore, assume that for single carbon-carbon bonds, d = 0.154nm and 𝜃 = 109°,
We asked to compute the degree of polymerization for poly-styrene, given that the therefore,
number-average molecular weight is 500,000 g/mol. The repeat unit molecular weight of
𝜃
poly-styrene is just L = Nd sin ( )
2
109°
L = (21,428)(0.154 nm)[𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( )] = 2,686.5 nm
m = 8(Ac) + 8(AH) 2
m = (8)(12 g/mol) + (8)(1 g/mol) = 104 g/mol It is now possible to calculate the average chain end-to-end distance, r, as
𝑀𝑛 500,000 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 r = d√𝑁

DP = = = 4,808
𝑚 104 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
r = (0.154 nm) √21,428 = 22.54 nm
23. C. 0.45 f(ethylene); 0.55 f(propylene)

21. A- (a) 49,800 g/mol; (b) 55,200 g/mol; (c) 498 Solution
Solution
For copolymer consisting of 35 wt% ethylene and 65 wt% propylene, we are asked to
(a) From the tabulated data, we asked to compute Mn, the number-average molecular
determine the fraction of both repeat unit types.
weight. This is carried out below In 100 g of this material, there are 35 g of ethylene and 65 g og propylene. The ethylene
(C2H4) molecular weight is
Molecular weight Mean Mi xi xiMi
range m(ethylene) = 2(AC) + 4(AH)
10,000 – 20,000 15,000 0.03 450 m(ethylene) = (2)(12 g/mol) + (4)(1 g/mol) = 28 g/mol
20,000 – 30,000 25,000 0.09 2,250
30,000 – 40,000 35,000 0.15 5,250 The propylene (C 3H6) molecular weight is
40,000 – 50,000 45,000 0.25 11,250
m(propylene) = 3(AC) + 6(AH )
50,000 – 60,000 55,000 0.22 12,100
m(propylene) = (3)(12 g/mol) + (6)(1 g/mol) = 42 g/mol
60,000 – 70,000 65,000 0.14 9,100
70,000 – 80,000 75,000 0.08 6,000
Therefore, in 100 g of this material, there are
80,000 – 90,000 85,000 0.04 3,400
Mn = ∑ 𝑥iMi = 35 𝑔
= 1.25 mol of ethylene
49,800 g/mol 28 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
and
(b) From the tabulated data, we are asked compute Mw, the weight-average molecular
weight 65 𝑔
= 1.55 mol of propylene
Molecular weight Mean Mi wi w i Mi

Thus, the fraction of the ethylene repeat unit, f(ethylene), is just
range
10,000 – 20,000 15,000 0.01 150 1.25 𝑚𝑜𝑙
f(ethylene) = = 0.45
20,000 – 30,000 25,000 0.04 1,000 1.25 𝑚𝑜𝑙 + 1.55 𝑚𝑜𝑙
30,000 – 40,000 35,000 0.11 3,850
Likewise,
40,000 – 50,000 45,000 0.23 10,350
50,000 – 60,000 55,000 0.24 13,200 1.55 𝑚𝑜𝑙
60,000 – 70,000 65,000 0.18 11,700 f(propylene) = = 0.55
1.25 𝑚𝑜𝑙 + 1.55 𝑚𝑜𝑙
70,000 – 80,000 75,000 0.12 9,000
80,000 – 90,000 85,000 0.07 5,950
Mw = ∑ 𝑤 iMi = 24. D. (a) 797,600 g/mol; (b) 474,400 g/mol
55,200 g/mol Solution
(a) This portion of the problem asks for us to calculate the number-average molecular
(c) Now we are asked to compute the degree of polymerization, which is possible. For weight for a linear polytetrafluoroethylene for which L is 2000 nm. It is first necessary to
polytetrafluoroethylene, the repeat unit molecular weight is just compute the value of N, where, for the C – C chain bond, d = 0.154 nm, and 𝜃 = 109°.
Thus
m = 2(AC) + 4(AF)
m = (2)(12) + (4)(19) = 100 g/mol 𝜃
L = Nd sin ( )
2
𝐿
N= 𝜃
𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑛(2 )
49,800 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
DP = = 498
100 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 2000 𝑛𝑚
N= 109° = 15,952
(0.154 𝑛𝑚) 𝑠𝑖𝑛( )
2
Since there are two C – C bonds per polytetrafluoroethylene repeat unit, there is an
22. D- (a) L = 2686.5 nm; (b) r = 22.54 nm average of N/2 or 15,952/2 = 7,976 repeat units per chain, which is also the degree of
Solution
polymerization, DP. In order to compute the number-average molecular weight, we must
This problem first of all asks for us to calculate the average total chain legth, L, for a
first determine m for polytetrafluoroethylene. Each polytetrafluoroethylene repeat unit
linear polytetrafluoroethylene polymer having a number-average molecular weight of
consists of two carbon and four fluorine atoms, thus
300,000 g/mol. It is necessary to calculate the degree of polymerization, DP. For
polyethylene, each reapeat unit has two carbons and four hydrogens. Thus, m = 2(AC) + 4(AF)
m = (2)(12 g/mol) + (4)(19 g/mol) = 100 g/mol
m = 2(AC) + 4(AH)
m = (2)(12) + (4)(1) = 28 g/mol Therefore
and
Mn = DP(m) = (7,976)(100 g/mol) = 797,600 g/mol

300,000 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
DP = = 10,714 (b) Next, we are to determine the number-average molecular weight for r = 15 nm.
Solving for N leads to
which is the number of repeat units along an average chain. Since there two carbon atoms
per repeat unit, there are two C – C chain bonds per repeat unit, which means that the
r = d√𝑁 12π4𝑅
𝑟2 (15 𝑛𝑚)2 𝐴=
N=
𝑑2
=
0.154 𝑛𝑚) 2
= 9,487 5(θD3
1/3
which is the total number of bonds per average molecule. Since there are two C – C
12π4𝑅
𝜃𝐷 = ( )
bonds per repeat unit, then DP = N/2 = 9,487/2 = 4,744. Now 5𝐴
𝐽 1/3
Mn = DP(m) = (4,744)(100 g/mol) = 474,400 g/mol 12π4 8.3145
𝑚𝑜𝑙−𝐾
𝜃𝐷 =( 𝐽 ) =340K
5×4.96
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾4
25. D. 97,500 g/mol
Solution
28. B. -0.36
This problem asks for us to calculate the number-average molecular weight of a
poly(isobutylene-isoprene) copolymer. For the isobutylene repeat unit there are four
carbon and eight hydrogen atoms. Thus, its repeat unit molecular weights is given:
L0=10m
mib = 4(AC) + 8(AH) ∆T= (-1-38) °C
mib = (4)(12 g/mol) + (8)(1 g/mol) = 56 g/mol
The isoprene repeat unit is composed of five carbon and eight hydrogen atoms. Thus, its Solution:
∆L
repeat unit molecular weights is = α∆T
Lo
mip = (5)(12 g/mol) + (8)(1 g/mol) = 68 g/mol ∆L= Loα∆T
∆L=(10m) (23.6 × 10−6/°C)(-1-38)°C
The average repeat unit molecular weight is just ∆L=-9.2𝑥10−3m= -9.22mm= -0.36inch
m = fibmib + fipmip
m = (0.25)(56 g/mol) + (0.75)(68 g/mol) = 65 g/mol 29. A. 25.0𝑥10−6/°C
Since DP = 1,500 (as stated in the problem), Given:
∆𝐿 = 0.2𝑚𝑚 = 0.2𝑋10−3m
𝐿𝑜 = 0.1𝑚
𝑇𝑓 = 100°𝐶
= (65 g/mol)(1,500) = 97,500 g/mol
𝑇𝑜 = 20°𝐶
26. B.49°C Solution:
∆L
= α∆T
Lo
Given: α=
∆𝐿
∆Q= 125 Btu 𝐿𝑜∆𝑇
0.2x10 −3
∆T= 25°C (77°F) α=
(0.1)(100°C−20°C)
𝐶𝑝=486 J/kg-K (1025 steel) ---- table 9.1. (8 edition, material science
by Callister) α=25.0x10^-6/°C
Solution: 30. A.1.04𝑥10^6 𝑊/𝑚2

∆Q
∆T = Given:
𝑚𝐶𝑝
𝐽 ∆T=100°C-300°C
1 ⁄𝑘𝑔 − 𝐾 = 2. .39𝑥10^ − 4 𝐵𝑡𝑢⁄𝑙𝑏𝑚 − °F ∆x=10𝑥10−3m
2.39x10 −4 𝐵𝑇𝑢 k=-51.9 W/m-K
J 𝑙𝑏𝑚−°F 0.116Btu
Cp = 1 ( 1𝑗 )=
𝑘𝑔−𝐾 lbm−°F
𝑘𝑔−𝐾
125
The steady-state heat flux through the plate may be computed using
∆T = = 43.1°F Equation;
(25)(0.1160)
k∆T
Tf = T0 + ∆T = 77°F + 43.1°F = 120.1°F (49°C) q=-
∆x
(51.9 W/m−K)×((100°C+273)−(300°C+273))
q=-
10𝑥10 −3 m
27. D. 340K q=1.04𝑥106W/𝑚2
Given:
𝑀𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 = 63.55𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 31 B. 8.9x10^5 Btu/h
𝐶𝑣 = 0.78 𝐽/𝑘𝑔 − 𝐾
𝑇 = 10𝐾 Let 𝑑𝑄/𝑑𝑡 represent the total heat loss such that
𝑅 = 8.3145 𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙 − 𝐾 𝑑𝑄/𝑑𝑇 = 𝑞𝐴𝑡
Solution: where A and t are the cross-sectional area and time, respectively.
Let us determine the magnitude of A, as Thus,
𝐶𝑣
𝐴= 3 60 𝑠 60 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑇 𝑑𝑄/𝑑𝑇=(1.04 × 106 J/s - 𝑚2)(0.25 𝑚2 )( )( )
(0.78 J/kg − K)(63.55g/mol)/(10K) 5
1𝑚𝑖𝑛 1ℎ
𝐴= 𝑑𝑄/𝑑𝑇 = 9.3 × 108 J/h = 8.9 × 10 Btu/h
(10𝐾)3
𝐽
𝐴 = 4.96X10−5 4 mol−K
As stipulated in problem statement or solving for 𝜃𝐷

32. A. 101°F 16.0𝑥10−6

9.988 𝑚𝑚 ((1 + ( )(𝑇𝑓 − 25℃))
°𝐶
Given: 4.5𝑥10−6
𝐸 = 110 𝐺𝑃𝑎=110𝑥103𝑀𝑝𝑎 =10.000 𝑚𝑚 ((1 + ( )(𝑇𝑓 − 25℃))
°𝐶
𝛼 = (17.0𝑥10−6/°𝐶)
Solution: 𝑇𝑓 = 129.5℃
We want to heat the copper wire in order to reduce the stress level
from 70 MPa to 35 MPa; in doing so, we reduce the stress in the wire 35. A. 0.77 mm
by 70 MPa – 35 MPa = 35 MPa, which stress will be a compressive ∆𝑙
𝜎 = 𝜖𝐸 = ( ) 𝐸
one (σ = –35 MPa) 𝑙𝑜
𝜎𝑙𝑜
𝜎 ∆𝑙 =
𝑇𝑓 = 𝑇𝑜 – 𝐸
𝐸𝛼 (276 𝑀𝑃𝑎)(305𝑚𝑚)
−35𝑀𝑝𝑎 ∆𝑙 = = 0.77 𝑚𝑚
𝑇𝑓 = 20°𝐶 − ( ) 110𝑥103𝑀𝑃𝑎
(110𝑥103𝑀𝑝𝑎)(17.0𝑥10−6/°𝐶)
𝑇𝑓 = 20°𝐶 + 19°𝐶 = 39°𝐶 (101°𝐹) 36. A. 30%, 660 MPa
33. 223°F
given:
𝜎 = −172𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸 = 100 𝐺𝑃𝑎 = 100𝑥103𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑇𝑜 = 20°𝐶
𝛼 = 20 × 10−6/°𝐶
solution:
Where the stress of 172 MPa is taken to be negative. Also, the initial
temperature T0 is 20°C, and the magnitude of the linear coefficient of
thermal expansion is 20 × 10−6/°𝐶 Thus, solving for the final
temperatures yields.
𝜎 37. D. 0.40
𝑇𝑓 = 𝑇𝑜 –
𝐸𝛼
−172𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑇𝑓 = 20°𝐶– ( )
20 × 10−6
(100𝑥103𝑀𝑝𝑎)( )
°𝐶
𝑇𝑓 = 20°𝐶 + 86°𝐶 = 106°𝐶(223°𝐹)
38. D. 47.5 mm
34. A. 129.5°C
Given:
𝑇 = 25°𝐶
𝑑𝑓 = 9.988 𝑚𝑚
𝛼(316 stainless steel) =16.0𝑥10−6 /°𝐶
𝛼(W)=4.5𝑥10−6 /°𝐶
𝑑𝑓 = 10.000 𝑚𝑚
Solution:
𝑑𝑓 − 𝑑𝑜
= 𝛼(𝑇𝑓 − 𝑇𝑜) 39. B. 1.39𝑥10−3
𝑑𝑜
𝜎 𝐹
Solving for 𝑑𝑓 yields 𝜀= =
𝐸 𝐴0 𝐹
𝑑𝑓 = 𝑑𝑜(1 + 𝛼(𝑇𝑓 − 𝑇𝑜))
44500𝑁
𝜀= = 1.39𝑥10−3
(2.9032𝑥10−4𝑚2 )(110𝑥109 𝑁/𝑚2 )
40. B. 35.6%
Now all need do is to establish expression for 𝑑𝑓(316 stainless) and
𝑑𝑓(𝑊) set them equation solve for 𝑇𝑓.
𝑑𝑓(316 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙) = 𝑑𝑓(𝑊)

50. C. 5655 N
41. C. 6.2 mi, 6.2𝑥106𝑚𝑖
42. C. 0.0082 mm
43. A. 1.175𝑥109 𝑁/𝑚2

Flo
E=
b2o ∆l
(66700)(0.125)
𝐸=
(0.0165)(4.3𝑥10−4)
𝐸 = 1.175𝑥109 𝑁/𝑚2
44. A. 0.0277 mm
4𝑙𝑜 𝐹
∆𝑙 =
𝐸𝜋𝑑𝑜2
4(30)(300)
∆𝑙 = (207𝑥109 )(𝜋)(2𝑥10 −3 )
∆𝑙 = 0.0277𝑚𝑚
45. B. 9.9𝑥1010 𝑃𝑎
4𝐹𝑣
𝐸=
𝜋𝑑𝑜 ∆𝑙
(4)(1500)(0.35)
𝐸 = (𝜋)(0.01)(6.7𝑥10−7) = 9.9𝑥1010 𝑃𝑎
46. B. 6.28 𝑚𝑚
𝜎𝑦 860
𝜎𝑤 = = = 430 𝑀𝑃𝑎
2 2
4𝐹 4(13300)
𝑑𝑜 = √ =√ = 6.275𝑥10−3 𝑚
𝜋𝜎𝑤 𝜋(430𝑥106 )
𝑑𝑜 = 6.28 𝑚𝑚
47. A. 54 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝜎𝑦 = 2 𝜏𝑐𝑟𝑠𝑠 = 2(27) = 54 𝑀𝑃𝑎
48. D. 10.6 mm
𝜋𝑟𝑜2 −𝜋𝑟02
%𝐶𝑊 = [ ]
𝜋𝑟𝑜2
rd
ro = %CW
√r−
100
ro = 10
=10.6 mm
11.0
√1−
100
49. B. 2404 MPa

Questions without Solution (1-50) Test- Material Science
● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-17) ● Material Science and Enigineering by Callister 9e, (Chapter 10)
1. The engineering materials known as “Plastics” are more correctly 10. It is easier for nucleation to occur at surfaces and interfaces than
called ______. at other sites called ______.
a. Heterogenous Nucleation b. Homogenous Nucleation
a. Polyvinyl Chloride b. Polymers c. Growth d. Nucleation
c. Polyethylene d. Mers
● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 7, Page 7-1) 11. It begins once an embryo has exceeded the critical size, r*, and
2. What type of bond result in form the sharing of electrons by two becomes a stable nucleus?
atoms? a. Heterogenous Nucleation b. Homogenous Nucleation
c. Growth d. Nucleation
a. Atomic Bond b. Covalent Bond
c. Metallic Bond d. Ionic Bond ● Material Science and Enigineering by Callister 9e, (Chapter 10)
12. For many alloy systems and at some specific temperature, there is
● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 7, Page 7-4) a maximum concentration of solute atoms that may dissolve in the
3. Which of the following is the strongest type of bonds? solvent to form a solid solution?
a. Phase b. Solubility Limit
a. Van der Waals b. Metallic c. Phase Equilibria d. Free Energy
c. Covalent d. Ionic
● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-15) 13. It is a function of other thermodynamic parameters, of which one
4. What do you call the distinct pattern in space which the atoms of is the internal energy of the system and another is a measurement of
metal arranged themselves when they combine to produce a substance the randomness or disorder of the atoms or molecules?
of recognizable size? a. Free Energy b. Solubility Limit
c. Heterogenous d. Growth
a. Space-Lattice b. Crystals
c. Grain d. Unit Cell ● Material Science and Enigineering by Callister 9e, (Chapter 10,)
14. It is characterized by the number of phases present, their
● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-46) proportions, and the manner in which they are distributed or
5. What is another term for tempering? arranged?
a. Phase Equilibria b. Free Energy
a. Recrystallization b. Annealing c. Microstructure c. Nucleation
c. Spheroidizing c. Toughening
● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-31) 15. It is a homogeneous portion of a system that has uniform physical
6. What do you add to compensate for the remaining high iron oxide and chemical characteristics?
content of the steel? a. Phase Equilibria b. Solubility Limit
c. MicroStructure d. Phase
a. Deorizers b. Deoxidizers
c. Deterrent d. Detoxifiers ● Material Science and Enigineering by Callister 9e, (Chapter 10)
16. It is nuclei of the new phase form uniformly throughout the parent
● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-33) phase?
7. What field of study encompasses the procurement and production of a. Homogenous Nucleation b. Heterogenous Nucleation
metals? c. Free Energy c. Nucleation
a. Metallurgy b. Geology ● Material Science and Enigineering by Callister 9e, (Chapter 10)
c. Material Science c. Metalgraphy 17. Refers to equilibrium as it applies to systems in which more than
one phase may exist?
● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-41) a. Phase Equilibria b. Phase
8. What structure is formed when transformation occurs at c. Phase Equilibrium d. Solubility Limit
temperatures down to the knee curve?
● Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 9 th ed. Page 782)
a. Pearlite b. Bainite 18. A solid material, when heated, experiences an increase in
c. Austenite d. Martensite temperature, signifying that some energy has been absorbed.
● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-24) a. Heat capacity
b. Thermal expansion
9. What mechanical property of a material which is a time-dependent
c. Thermal conductivity
permanent strain under stress? d. Temperature
● Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 9 th ed. Page 782).
a. Elongation b. Elasticity 19.Thermal property refers to the response of a material to the
c. Creep d. Rupture application of?
a. expansion
b. Heat
c. conductivity
d. temperature
● Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 9 th ed. Page 789). ● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-44)
20. The transport of thermal energy from high- to low-temperature 28. Yellow brass contains approximately how many percent of zinc?
regions of a material is termed thermal conduction. a. 20 % b. 50%
c. 30% d. 40%
a. Heat capacity
b. Thermal expansion ● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-45)
c. Thermal conductivity 29. The Portland cement is manufacture from the following elements
d. Temperature except:
● (Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 9 th ed. Page 785).
a. Lime b. Silica
21. Are stresses induced in a body as a result of changes in c. Alumina d. Asphalt
temperature.
● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-41)
a. Thermal expansion 30. What refers to the ability of steel to be hardened through to its
b. Thermal conductivity center in large section?
c. Thermal stresses a. Malleability b. Hardenability
d. Heat capacity c. Spheroidability c. Rigidity
● (Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 9 th ed. Page 792). ● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-38)
22. Most solid materials expand upon heating and contract when 31. What refers to a shape achieved by allowing a liquid to solidify in
cooled a mold?
a. Thermal conductivity a. Casting b. Molding
b. Thermal stresses b. Forming d. All of the above
c. Heat capacity
d. Thermal expansion ● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-15)
32. What are considered as the ‘building block’ for engineering
● (Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 9 th ed. Page 790). materials?
23. Non-metallic materials are thermal insulators inasmuch as they a. Atoms b. Elements
lack large numbers of free electrons. c. Matters d. Compounds
a. metal
b. ceramics ● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-17)
c. polymers 33. When a solid has a crystalline structure, the atoms arranged in
d. non metal repeating structures called?
a. lattice b. unit cell
● (Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 9th ed. Page 792). c. crystal d. domain
24. Are often used as thermal insulators because of their low thermal ● 2001 Solved Problems Engineering Science and Applied Subjects (Chapter 5, Page 5-17)
conductivities. 34. What refers to a crystal imperfection characterized by regions of
severe atomic misfit where atoms are not properly surrounded by
a. metal neighbor atoms?
b. ceramics a. Discrystallization b. Dislocation
c. polymers c. Slip step d. Dispersion
d. non metal
● Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9E
● (Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 9 th ed. Page 789) 35. It is the total dislocation length per unit volume of material. Its
25. In high-purity metals, the electron mechanism of heat transport is units are per square millimeter.
much more efficient than the phonon contribution because electrons a. Density b. Dislocation Density
are not as easily scattered as phonons and have higher velocities. c. Slip Plane d. Resolved Shear Stress
a. non metal ● Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9E

b. metals 36. It is the formation of a new set of strain-free and equiaxed grains
c. polymers that have low dislocation densities and are characteristic of the
d. ceramics precold-worked condition.
a. Recovery b. Strain Hardening
● (Callister material science and Engineering an Introduction 9 th ed. Page 787) c. Recrystallization d. Solid-Solution Strengthening
26. A single quantum of vibrational energy is called a ____?
a. Thermal shock ● Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Page 242)
b. Phonon 37. A stress resulting from an applied tensile stress that is resolved onto
c. Expansion a plane that is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the stress direction.
d. Linear coefficient of thermal expansion a. Resolved Shear Stress b. Shear Stress
c. Strain Stress d. Critical Resolved Shear Stress
27. All are steel surface hardening processes except one. Which one? ● Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Page 242)
a. Carburizing 38. It is the minimum resolved shear stress required to initiate
b. Flame hardening dislocation motion (or slip) and depends on yield strength and
c. Nitriding orientation of slip components.
d. Annealing a. Resolved Shear Stress b. Critical Resolved Shear Stress
c. Strain Stress d. Shear Stress
● Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Page 242)

39. It is the increase in average grain size of polycrystalline materials,
which proceeds by grain boundary motion.
a. Grain Growth b. Plastic Deformation
c. Strain Hardening d. Slip System
● Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9E

40. It is a measure of the degree of plastic deformation that has been
sustained at fracture.
a. Shear Stress b. Brittle
c. Ductility d. Anelasticity
● Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9E

41. One of the most common mechanical stress-strain tests performed.
a. Torsion b. Tension
c. Yielding d. Ductility
● Chapter 8, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9E

42. A form of failure that occurs in structures subjected to dynamic and
fluctuating stresses.
a. Fatigue b. Simple Fracture
c. Cyclic Stresses d. Case Hardening
43. What is a measure of rigidity
a. Stiffness b. Hardness
c. Strength d. Modulus of Elasticity
44. The use of acids to remove oxides and scale on hot-worked steels
is known as ______.?
a. Tempering b. Pickling
c. Machining d. Galvanizing
45. Which of the following cast irons is heat-treated for ductility?
a. Gray Iron b. Malleable Iron
c. White Iron d. Ductile Iron
46. What field of study encompasses the procurement and production
of metals?
a. Metallurgy b. Geology
c. Material Science d. Metalgraphy
47. What is the advantage of quench hardening?
a. Improved Strength b. Hardness
c. Wear Characteristics d. All of the choices
48. What is the most common reinforcement for polymer
composites?
a. Boron b. Ceramic
c. Graphite d. Glass Fiber
49. What is the chief ore of titanium?
a. Sphalerite b. Limanite
c. Bauxite d. Cassiterite
50. What is a coal that has been previously burned in an oxygen-poor
environment?
a. Tuyere b. Coke
c. Diamond d. Hematite
Key Answer to the Questions without Solution (1-50) Test- Material Science
1. B- Polymers
2. B- Covalent Bond
3. C- Covalent
4. A- Space-Lattice
5. D- Toughening
6. B- Deoxidizers
7. A- Metallurgy
8. A- Pearlite
9. C- Creep
10. A Heterogenous Nucleation
11.C- Growth
12. B- Solubility Limit
13. A- Free Energy
14. C- Microstructure
15. D- Phase
16. A- Homogenous Nucleation
17. C- Phase Equilibrium
18. A. Heat capacity
19. B. Heat
20. C. Thermal conductivity
21. C. Thermal stresses
22. D. Thermal expansion
23. B. ceramics
24. C. polymers
25. B. metals
26 B. Phonon
27.D. Annealing
28. C. 30%
29. D. Asphalt
30. B. Hardenability
31. A. Casting
32.A. Atoms
33. B. unit cell
34. B. Dislocation
35. B. Dislocation Density
36. C. Recrystallization
37. A. Resolved Shear Stress
38. B. Critical Resolved Shear Stress
39. A. Grain Growth
40. C. Ductility
41. B. Tension
42. A. Fatigue
43. D. Modulus of Elasticity
44. B. Pickling
45. B. Malleable Iron
46. A. Metallurgy
47. D. All of the choices
48. D. Glass Fiber
49. B. Limanite
50. B. Coke

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Question Problems with Solution (1-50) Test- Material Science

a. 14.6 % b. 16.4 % a. 0.30 and 0.68 b. 0.20 and 78

a. 99 g/mol. b. 100 g/mol. a. 0.55 f(ethylene) b. 0.50 f(ethylene)

● (Callister Material Science and Engineering an Introduction 8 th ed. Page 796)

● Problem 7.18 , Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 6Ed.

● Problem 7.30 , Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 6Ed.

1. C- P= 82, N = 124 7. D. 0.136 nm

11. C- 0.69 and 0.31

𝐶𝑜 − 0.022 0.25 − 0.022

0.76 − 𝐶𝑜 0.76 − 0.25

12. C-0.33 and 0.67

13. A-0.42 and 0.58

14. B-4 × 10−2

16. D-4.42 × 10−3/𝑚𝑖𝑛

m = 7(AC) + 9(AH) + 1(AN )

= (7)(12 g/mol) + (9)(1 g/mol) + (1)(19 g/mol) = 112 g/mol

The degree of polymerization is just

m = (2)(12 g/mol) + (4)(19 g/mol) = 100 g/mol

m = 5(Ac ) + 8(A H) + 2(AO)

m = 5(12 g/mol) + (8)(1 g/mol) + (2)(16 g/mol) = 100 g/mol

m = 12(Ac ) + 22(AH) + 2(AN ) + 2(AO)

m = (12)(12 g/mol) + (22)(1 g/mol) + (2)(14 g/mol) + (2)(16 g/mol) = 226

m = 10(Ac ) + 8(AH) + 4(AO)

m = (10)(12 g/mol) + (8)(1 g/mol) + (4)(16 g/mol) = 192 g/mol

𝑀𝑛 500,000 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 r = d√𝑁

23. C. 0.45 f(ethylene); 0.55 f(propylene)

Molecular weight Mean Mi wi w i Mi

Mn = DP(m) = (7,976)(100 g/mol) = 797,600 g/mol

Solution: 30. A.1.04𝑥10^6 𝑊/𝑚2

27. D. 340K q=1.04𝑥106W/𝑚2

As stipulated in problem statement or solving for 𝜃𝐷

32. A. 101°F 16.0𝑥10−6

𝑑𝑓(316 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙) = 𝑑𝑓(𝑊)

41. C. 6.2 mi, 6.2𝑥106𝑚𝑖

43. A. 1.175𝑥109 𝑁/𝑚2

𝜎𝑦 = 2 𝜏𝑐𝑟𝑠𝑠 = 2(27) = 54 𝑀𝑃𝑎

49. B. 2404 MPa

a. non metal ● Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9E

● Chapter 7, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9e, (Page 242)

● Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9E

● Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9E

● Chapter 8, Material Science and Engineering by Callister 9E

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