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Question 1
Skandia in their bid to make intellectual capital (IC) tangible treated IC systematically
through they highlighted two broad category of these assets, firstly the competence base
Skandia’s IC classification
on various categories based on Sveiby (1997), MERITUM (2002), and Bontis (2002).
logistics
Question 2
For AFS, IC is important because it increases the company’s value and makes their
organizational survival.
a. The expenditures in IC increased the company value and makes business operations
more efficient, consistent and productive. It also energized and charged both the national
b. Having a reduced startup time for a new office by one third or more results to a savings
that could have gone into cost. Secondly reduction travelling and training expenditure in
network. The savings each year are projected to be several times the cost of developing
the systems. Others benefit include increased speed of strategic learning, systematic
focusing of leadership, and increases in valuation of the company over the book value.
Question 3
IC is measure and managed in AFS through a method in which each of the operating
units of Skandia located in different region identify the five most relevant and critical
intellectual capital items for itself, and from these sets, a set of three major intellectual
capital categories is derived. Which were customer capital ratios, human capital ratios,
and structural capital ratios. Within each of these dimensions, several intellectual capital
ratios can be defined. Each intellectual capital item is then discussed with management
and accounting division to establish a baseline ratio. The ratio is now used to measure
how well the business is doing in terms of that intellectual capital item. IC is managed
through investment in training and development of its employees, placing value on their
applied experience and competence, and seeks cross-fertilization within the organization.
Question 4
a. The Director of Intellectual Capital at Skandia AFS is charged with enhancing and
systematically developing the intellectual capital of the division, with the mission to identify
and improve the visibility of intangible and non-material items, to capture and package
these items for transfer to users, to cultivate and develop these items through training
and knowledge networking, and to capitalize and economize on these items through rapid
b. What led Skandia AFS to the concept of intellectual capital and development of the
position is the concern with speed of learning, recycling of applied experience, and
international transfer of skill. IC was not assigned any value in the organization despite it
been the essential backbone. This they did by consciously making sure that the transfer
of skills, learning, and experience takes place through the procedures it puts in place.
Reference
Bontis, N. (2002), World Congress on Intellectual Capital Reading, Butterworth-
Madrid.