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Linear Algebra
Lecture 8:
Inverse matrix (continued).
Elementary matrices.
Transpose of a matrix.
Inverse matrix
−1
d1 0 . . . 0 d1−1 0 ... 0
0 d ... 0 0 d −1 ... 0
2 2
=
.. .. . . .
. .. .. . . . ...
. . . . . .
−1
0 0 . . . dn 0 0 . . . dn
Inverting 2-by-2 matrices
Definition.
The determinant of a 2×2 matrix
a b
A= is det A = ad − bc.
c d
a b
Theorem A matrix A = is invertible if
c d
and only if det A 6= 0.
If det A 6= 0 then
−1
a b 1 d −b
= .
c d ad − bc −c a
Fundamental results on inverse matrices
1
... O
1
E = r row #i
1
...
O
1
1
... ... O
0 ··· 1 row #i
E = ... .. . . .
.
0 ··· r ··· 1 row #j
... .. .. . . .
. .
0 ··· 0 ··· 0 ··· 1
1
O
...
0 ··· 1 row #i
.. . . . ..
E = . .
1 ··· 0 row #j
...
O 1