Sample Problems
5 x
1. At a potential hydraulic plant site, the
average gross head is 73 m and the fluid
friction loss equal to 3% of the gross used.
Determine the penstock efficiency.
2. An impulse (Pelton) hydraulic turbine has a
leakage loss equal to 5% of the discharge
flow. Determine the volumetric efficiency.
3. At a potential hydraulic plant site, the
average gross head is 73 m and fluid
friction loss equal to 3% of the gross head
used. The head utilized by the turbine
blades is 60 m. Determine the hydraulic
efficiency.
4. In Francis turbine, the pressure gage
leading to the turbine casing reads 380 Kpa
and center of spiral casing is 3 m above the
tailtrace.
A. If velocity of water entering the turbine is 8
m/sec, what is the net head of the turbine?
B. If the water leaving the turbine is 2 m/sec,
what is the utilized head by the turbine?
5. A hydro-electric power plant uses a 9 m
wide rectangular gate with a depth of 1.5 m
and average water velocity of 4.5 m/s.
Assume coefficient of discharge of 60.5%,
leakage loss equal to 5% of the discharge
flow, and head utilized by the turbine blades
is 60m. the mechanical loss in the turbine is
75 kW.
A. Determine the mechanical efficiency.
B. If it has a generator efficiency of 95%,
determine the electric power generated
6. A hydro-electric plant having 50 km2
reservoir area and 100 m head is used to
generate power. The energy utilized by the
consumers whose load is connected to the
MLAB-512: ME LABORATORY 3 | Engr. Renz Michael S. Magat
power plant during a 5 hour period is 13.
106 kW-hr. The over-all generation
efficiency is 75%. Find the fall in the height f
water in the reservoir after the 5 hour
period.
7. 45 kW of the shaft power is developed by a
turbine working under an available head of
40 m. The energy transferred from the
water to the runner is 350 J. Assuming a
mechanical efficiency of 95%, what is the
discharge through the turbine in m3/s.
Assume hydraulic efficiency of 87%.
8. Water flows steadily with a velocity of 3.05
m/s in a horizontal pipe having a diameter
of 15.24 cm. At one section of the pipe, the
temperature and pressure of the water are
21oC and 689.3 kPa respectively. The
pressure in the other section is 516.9 kPa,
and the length of the pipe is 304.8 m. What
is the friction factor?
9. A pelton type turbine has a gross head of
40 m and a friction head loss of 6 m. What
is the penstock diameter if the penstock
length is 90 m and the coefficient of friction
head loss is 0.001 (Morse).
10. The specific speed of turbine is 85 rpm and
running at 500 rpm. What is the maximum
power delivered by the generator if the
head is 25 m and a generator efficiency is
90 %.
11. A pelton wheel in a hydro-electric plant has
an output f 17600 hp at 300 rpm under a
head of 510 m with 29 m3/s flow. Calculate
its critical speed.
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