NEW FORMS OF LITERATURE
(PART 1) CONTEMPORARY POETRY, writers and
Poetry
 “poesis” – create or to make
 meaning goes beyond words
 language is highly creative
 key aspects are structure, language,
tone, sound, rhythm, emotional
appeal
 3s = sense, sound, structure
 Poets have freedom to frame one’s
work
Characteristics of the 4 types of poets
 Traditional - Typically traditional
poetry is anything written with a
fixed verse.
 Modern - Typically modern poetry
is infused with diction and rhythm.
However, it is established by non-
metrical means.
 Post-modern - Post-modern
poetry emphasizes the role of the
poet, the role of the reader, and
highlights the cultural place the
poem is read. The poem is seen as
a cultural artefact.
 Contemporary - Typically moves
back towards traditional forms.
However, it also may include other
characteristics.
Contemporary poetry is…
 NOT found on social networking
websites
 NOT a coping mechanism for whiny
teens
 NOT a string of words stuck
together without thought or planning
 NOT without rules and guidelines
 NOT the same thing as modern
song lyrics
WHEN REFERRING TO
critics tend to be discussing a style of poetry
that follows a specific series of traits and
literary tools, such as..
 inconsistent meter
 variations upon standard rhyme
 abandonment of a classical
―musical style
 variations on the conventions of
poetic lines
 an otherwise inconsistent regard for
standard poetic structure
Free Verse
 verse whose meter is irregular in
some respect or whose rhythm is not
metrical
Good free verse poetry
 free verse is not without rules
 some free verse is absolutely better
than others
 it has to align with the same poetic
tools that traditional uses
Qualities of good free verse poetry
 Imagery
 Rhythm
 metaphor, simile, and conceits
 internal rhyme
 alternative rhyming
 slant rhyme
 off rhyme
 alliteration, consonance, and
assonance
 Onomatopoeia
 creative use of ―white space
 Caesura
 Enjambment
 end-stopped lines
CHARACTERISTICS OF  Old Balagtasan
CONTEMPORARY POETRY  Poetic Debate
 Poetic Jousting
 Contemporary poetry is often written  Poetic Wrestling
in free verse (unrhymed and with no  Combination of theatre, poetry, and
specific metrical rhythm). music
 Readers know and can associate  Meant to be heard or listened to
with the language.  Promotes:
 It is brief. – freedom of expression
 The poet laces the poem with –freedom from censorship
images using all the reader’s
3 IMPORTANT ELEMENTS OF
senses.
FLIPTOP/RAP BATTLES
 It invites the reader to interpret the
poem without yelling from the 1. Content
rooftops the true meaning of the 2. Flow
poem. 3. Delivery

CHARACTERISTICS OF FLASH FICTION

1. Brevity
2. A beginning, middle and an end
3. A surprise or twist at the end

HOW TO WRITE FLASH FICTION

1. Jump into the action

2. Figure out the ending before writing
3. Try not to worry too much about
word count until you hit the editing
process

TEXTULA

 Traditional Tagalog form of poetry

called Tanaga
 four lines with 7/8/9 syllables each
 Rhyme Schemes:
– AAAA (Basic)
– ABBA (Enclosed/Inipit)
– ABAB (Alternate/Salitan)
– AABB (Sunuran)
 Describes something
 Emulates an opinion or feeling about
a topic
 Employs communication technology NEW FORMS OF LITERATURE
in sharing tanaga (PART 2)
 Tanaga shared through texting
BLOG “WEB LOG”
FLITOP OR RAP BATTLES
  Regularly updated journal on the
internet
 “Weblog” coined by John Barger
in 1997
 Shortened to “blog” by Peter
Merholz in 1999
 “blogger” – person with a blog
 Diary, letter, short story, vignette,
poems, journalistic narrative,
novels, etc.
 May be classified according to
purpose
Art blog, Food blog, Photo blog and
Music blog
LYRICAL ESSAY
1. Combines prose and poetry
2. Constructed from a distillation of
ideas
3. Mentions but doesn’t expound
4. Suggestive but not exhaustive
5. Relies on association, imagery, and
connotations
6. Makes references to other genres,
such as film, music, literature
7. Arranged in fragments as a mosaic
8. Based on stories that are metaphors
9. Based on intimate voice
10. Crafted with lyrical language
PHOTOGRAPHIC ESSAY
 A series of pictures that evoke an
emotion, conveys an idea, or tells a
story
 Expresses an artist’s personal ideas
through narration or exposition in the
same way an essay does, but it
does so through photographs
 Title, captions, some details to
indicate context (when and where
the photos were taken, or other
pieces of information)
 May propose an argument,
challenge our beliefs, or encourage
us to reflect on our values, think
critically and form opinions
2 TYPES OF PHOTOGRAPHIC ESSAY
1. Narrative Photo Essay – tells a
story through a sequence of events
or actions. It may follow an individual
or activity over a period of time and
present this story in chronological
order.
2. Thematic Photo Essay – focuses
on a central theme and presents
photos relevant to that theme
ELEMENTS OF PHOTOGRAPHIC ESSAY
1. The story
2. The range of photos
3. The order of the photos
4. Information and emotion
5. Captions
SPECULATIVE FICTION
 “What ifs” of what is possible in the
world
 The author creates a world entirely
different from ours and speculates upon
the results of changing what is real or
possible.
SCIENCE FICTION
 Deals mainly with the impact of
actual or imagined science upon
society or individuals
 Premise may either be based on or
flatly contradict scientific facts and
principles.
 Example: Robo cop, Jurassic park,
Gravity
FANTASY
 Uses magic and supernatural
elements in plot, theme, and setting
 Magic is central to the fantasy genre
  Often include journeys and quests
 Example: Harry potter, Game of
thrones, Twilight, The Hobbit, The
Lord of the Rings
APOCALYPTIC FICTION
 Deals with the end of civilization
either through nuclear war, plague,
or some other general disaster
 Example: Birdbox, A quiet place, The
5th wave
POST-APOCALYPTIC FICTION
 Set in a world or civilization after
such disaster
 Time frame may be immediately
after the catastrophe, focusing on
the struggles of survivors, or some
time later when the existence of
civilization before the catastrophe
has been forgotten
 Example: Wall-e, I am legend
ALTERNATE HISTORY
 Set in worlds in which one or more
historical events unfold differently
from how it did in reality
 Based on the idea that for every
event that occurs or a decision made
in our reality, there is another place
where the event or decision turned
out differently
 Example: Dogma, Titanic, The
Mummy, Inglorious basterds
UTOPIAN FICTION
 Presents a world that is ideally
perfect in all aspects of society
 Example: Black panther, Uglies
DYSTOPIAN FICTION
 Presents futuristic, imagined world in
which there is only an illusion of
perfect society, but is in fact one
which is oppressed through
corporate, bureaucratic,
technological, moral, or totalitarian
control.
 Example: Hunger games, Divergent
 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
DYSTOPIAN SOCIETY:
1. The citizens of society are
controlled using propaganda.
2. Information, independent thought,
and freedom are restricted.
3. A figurehead or concept is
worshipped by the citizens of the
society.
4. Citizens are perceived to be
under surveillance.
5. Citizens have a fear of the outside
world.
6. Citizens live in a dehumanized
state. 7. The natural world is
banished and distrusted.
8. Citizens conform to uniform
expectations. Individuality and
dissent are bad.
9. The society is an illusion of a
perfect utopian world.
COMIC BOOK / GRAPHIC NOVELS
 Comic books - Refers to any format
that uses a combination of frames,
words, and picture to convey
meaning and tell a story
 Graphic novel - A comic book which
exceeds 50 pages and is bound in
either soft or hard cover
 Uses static images, sectioned into
panels, to convey meaning
 In some cases, there are no words
at all (McCloud, 1993)
 PARTS OF A COMIC
BOOK/GRAPHIC NOVELS
 1. Cover Image – meant to catch on a computer or an e-book
reader’s attention. Usually reader
depicts a scene from the book 4. Digital Story
2. Publisher – company  Multimedia movie that uses a
responsible for publishing the combination of pictures,
book video, audio, text, narration,
3. Main title – title of the comic and sometimes animation
denoting the series it belongs to 5. Vlog
4. Credits – lists the contributors to  A blog that contains video
the book. Usually writer first, content (video blog)
followed by the artist and the
inker
5. Subtitle – title of the individual
issue
6. Caption – speech box that
contains narration
7. Panel – single image is
contained within a panel
8. Gutter – space between the
panels
9. Thought bubble – thoughts of the
indicated character. Words
represent dialogue internal to the
character
10. Dialogue balloon – words
spoken by indicated character

DIGITAL MEDIA TEXTS

1. Digital Media
 Digitized content-texts,
audio, video, and graphics –
that can be transmitted over
the internet or computer
networks.

2. Podcast
 Similar to radio program, but
listeners can tune in to the
show at their convenience
and listen directly on any
devices that can play the
audio file
3. E-books
 An electronic version of a
printed book that can be read