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Posted Wednesday, Oct 15

Vedic Math for Quant CAT 2008 at 1:48 AM

Tanvi
Posts: 16
1 2 3 4 5 1. Squares of numbers ending with 5: (xy) = (x *
2

(x+1)) 25
Rate this
message Eg: 35 = 1225 (3 * 4 = 12)
2

Avg. rating: 3.0 1152 = 13225 (11*12 = 132)

2. Squares of numbers from 51 to 59: (5x)2 =

(25+x) x2
Eg: 542 = 2916 (25+4 = 29, 42 = 16)
572 = 3249 (25 + 7 = 32, 72 = 49)

3. Squares of numbers from 26 to 75: (x)2 = (x –

25) |50-x|2 (If the square results in 3 digits, carry over
leftmost to the 1st part)
Eg: 432 = 1849 (43 – 25 = 18, |50 – 43|2 = 49)
712 = 5041 (71 – 25 = 46, |50 – 71|2 = 441, carry over 4 to 1st
part, 46 + 4 = 50)
This concept can be continued for numbers greater than 75 as well but
for that, you need to remember squares of more than 25 numbers.

4. Multiplication of numbers such as (x5) * [(x+1)5]: (x+1)2 –

1 75
Eg: 35 * 45 = 1575 (42 – 1 = 15)
115 * 125 = 14375 (122 – 1 = 143)
5. Multiplication with 9s:
(i) When no. of 9s are same as the other no.: (xyz) * 999 = (xyz –
1) (9 – x) (9 – y) (10 – z) (Subtract the last digit from10, rest all
from 9)
Eg: 47 * 99 = 4653 (47 – 1 = 46, 9 – 4 = 5, 10 – 7 = 3)
4853 * 9999 = 48525147 (4853 – 1 = 4852, rest similar as above)

(ii) When no. of 9s are more than the other no.: (xyz) * 9999 =
(xyz – 1) 9 (9 – x) (9 – y) (10 – z) (Insert the no. of extra 9s in
between)
Eg: 45 * 9999 = 449955 (45 – 1 = 44, 2 extra 9s, 9 – 4 = 5, 10 – 5 =
5)
345 * 9999 = 3449655

(iii) When no. of 9s are less than the other no.: (xyz) * 99 = (xyz
– 1 – x) (9 – y) (10 – z) (Subtract the extra digits from the no. as well,
take from left)

(Don’t consider the extra digits for subtraction

from 9)
Eg: 354 * 99 = 35046 [354 – 1 – 3(extra digit) = 350, 9 – 5 = 4, 10 –
4 = 6)
48367 * 999 = 48318633 (48367 – 1 – 48 = 48318, 9 – 3 = 6, 9 –
6 = 3, 10 – 7 = 3)

6. Approximate Division:
Eg: 4021/203: Consider it as 4021/200(an error of 3). It’s
relatively simpler and the answer is roughly 20.1. Now to remove the
error we created, we divide 3/203. We can do this through %ages. We
know 1% of 203 ~ 2. Thus, 1.5% ~ 3(the error we have to remove).
Now we find 1.5% of 20.1, roughly around 0.3. Now because we
subtracted from 203 to create an error, we have to subtract from the
result as well. So, 20.1 – 0.3 = 19.8. And the actual answer is,
19.81….. quite close, right???

Another Eg: 204/486:

<!--[if !supportLists]-->(a) <!--[endif]-->204/500 ~ 0.408 (just
do 204 * 2 = 408 and put adequate decimals)
<!--[if !supportLists]-->(b) <!--[endif]-->14/486
<!--[if !supportLists]-->(c) <!--[endif]-->1 % ~ 5
<!--[if !supportLists]-->(d) <!--[endif]-->3 % ~ 14
<!--[if !supportLists]-->(e) <!--[endif]-->3 % of 0.408 ~ 0.01224
~ 0.01
<!--[if !supportLists]-->(f) <!--[endif]-->0.408 + 0.01 (because
we added to 486 to create an error)
<!--[if !supportLists]-->(g) <!--[endif]-->0.418 (Actual answer
0.419, not very close but is still quite helpful, with slightly
distant options. Atleast much better than normal division)
 Just practice a few more problems like these and you’ll be able to get
this right. This method is quite useful but you have to be quick with
numbers. Keep trying!!!

7. Using digit sum to check accuracy of a problem:

When doing either addition or multiplication, we can just check it’s
correctness by calculating the digit sums of individual numbers and
performing similar operations on them. When adding digits, you don’t
have to add 9s or any combination that add up to 9, it’s simply not
required and keep on adding digits till you get a single digit.(Eg. 384 =
3 + 8 + 4 = 15 = 1 + 5 = 6)
Eg: 24 * 37 = 888
2 + 4 = 6, 3 + 7 = 10 = 1
Thus, 6 * 1 = 6
8 + 8 + 8 = 24 = 2 + 4 = 6

Eg: 564 + 386 = 950

5 + 6 + 4 = 15 = 6 (5 + 4 need not be counted and you get 6
directly)
3 + 8 + 6 = 8 (same here, 3 + 6 not counted)
6 + 8 = 14 = 5
950 = 5 (9 not counted)

Note that this method will only tell if you have erred in addition or
multiplication. If both the checksums are identical, you maybe right,
and that’s not confirmed as there maybe other combinations giving the
same checksum(like in case of 950, 959 will also give the same
checksum of 5). But still atleast it can tell you if you have erred. Don’t
rely on this!!! It’s just an add - on that I thought I should share.

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