DC POWER-GENERATING

LUGGAGE
A Research Paper Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of
Research IV

Jhasel A. Amorcillo
Aaron Marc B. Baril
Alan Louise P. Bualat
Jessa Tresha Marie B. Beloy
Monique Loreen T. Cañacao
Je Ann P. Gumapit
Adrian G. Lumasag
Lea Marie D. Luzano
Kristlyner B. Santiago
RESEARCHERS

Mrs. Rea Malou C. Saren

Research Adviser
Misamis Occidental National High School
S.Y 2017-2018
 Abstract
This study aimed to develop Direct Current (DC) Power-generating Luggage.
Specifically it aimed to determine the actual minimum speed, that the luggage travels
enough to supply energy and determine the charging rate (in terms of Power= current •
voltage) of the DC Power-generating Luggage.

The device was created by recycling a 5V brushless motor that will serve as a
pulley in setting the motor in motion. Wires were used in transporting the electricity
generated. A multi-tester was used in measuring the current and voltage. The tests
conducted on testing the device are measuring the Minimum and Actual Minimum
Speed. The calculation of power produced is also conducted.

The results implied that the overall average minimum speed for the DC Power-
generating Luggage to charge continuously within 10m is 3.9m/s. Within 15 meters, the
speed obtained is 1.52 m/s. Lastly, within a 20-meter distance the average minimum
speed obtained is 2.52 m/s. All of these, can charge the power bank continuously up to
25%. The actual minimum average speed needed to supply energy to the power bank is
0.83 m/s at 14.03 seconds. The Researchers also found out that the current produced is
1mA and the voltage is up to 5V. Thus, the power generated by the device is 5 watts.

After the testing, the Researchers concluded that within a distance of 10, 15, 20
meters, it could continuously charge the power bank up to 25%. And in 0.83 m/s it could
be enough to supply energy. The power generated is 5 watts that is enough to charge a
power bank.
 Definition of Terms

Operational Definition

Power- is the range of how much amount of power was generated by the luggage.

Mechanism- a device used to help the motor to turn and generate electricity.

Brushless Motor- a device used to generate electricity while the wheel is spinning.

USB Port-used to place the charging cable to the power bank.

Conceptual Definition

Power-work done or energy transferred per unit of time. (Merriam Webster Dictionary)

Mechanism=an assembly of moving parts performing a complete functionalmotion, o

ften being part of a large machine; linkage. (Merriam Webster Dictionary)

Brushless motor- BLDC motors lack brushes. But their design differences are bit more

sophisticated. A BLDC motor mounts its permanent magnets, usually four or more,

around the perimeter of the rotor in a cross pattern. (Dijish, 2012)

USB Port-a type of serial port for connecting peripheral devices in a system. (Merriam

Webster Dictionary)
 Acknowledgements

Innovations are always made with the combined efforts of those who helped behind the

success. That’s why, the Researchers would like to thank the following:

First and foremost, we would like to thank the God Almighty, for giving us guidance to

follow which path. Without him, no success would be made.

To the Researchers’ Parents whom supported us not only moral support but also

financially. We would like also for trusting us whenever we attend group meetings even

outside the school.

To our Mentor, Mrs. Rea Malou Saren for giving us advices and tips on how to be a

better Researcher.

To our Panelists, Mr. Jovivre Babol, Mrs. Renalyn Villaraiz and Engr. Dhea Roselle

Balaga for giving us tips and critics on how to make our Research Paper better.

We would also like to thank Ernie Santiago and Daryl Jake Gomez for helping us in

making the device. And for giving us tips and instructions on conducting the study.

To everyone, who had taken part in helping the Researchers behind their success, we

would like to express our heart-felt gratitude to them.

- The Researchers -
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page i
Abstract ii
Definition of terms iii
Acknowledgements iv
Table of Contents v
List of Tables vii
List of Figures viii

CHAPTER PAGE

I Introduction

Background of the Study 1-2

Objectives 2
Significance of the Study 2-3
Scope and Limitation 3-4
Review of Related Literature 4-6

II Methodology
Collection of materials 7

Making of the Power Generator 7

Assembling the Power Generator 7
Installing the brushless motor to the Luggage 8

Connecting the brushless motor to the USB Port 8-9

Determining the minimum speed 9

Determining the actual minimum speed 9

Calculate Power Generated 10

Data Analysis 10
III. Results and Discussions 13-16
 IV. Conclusion and Recommendations
Conclusions 18
Recommendations 18

REFERENCES
APPENDICES
 LIST OF TABLES

TITLE PAGE
Table 1. The Minimum Speed that can generate continuous charging at 10 meters 13
Table 2. The Minimum Speed that can generate continuous charging at 15 meters 13
Table 3. The Minimum Speed that can generate continuous charging at 20 meters 13
Table 4. The Actual Minimum Speed that can produce electricity 15-16
Table 3. Calculating Power generated 16
 LIST OF FIGURES

TITLE PAGE
Figure 1. Assembled mechanism of the brushless motor/power-generator 8
 Chapter I

Introduction

Background of the Study

Electricity is one of the most important blessings that science has given to mankind. It

has also become a part of modern life and one cannot think of a world without it. Electricity

has many uses in our day to day life. It is used for lighting rooms, working fans and

domestic appliances like using electric stoves, A/C and more (Lekshmis, 2010).

All these gives comfort to people. In factories, large machines are worked with the help

of electricity. Essential items like food, cloth, paper and many other things are the product

of electricity (Lekshmis, 2010).

Travelling bags had evolved through the years. Before, proper travel required a hefty

trunk built of wood, leather, and often a heavy iron base. The best trunks were waterproofed

with canvas or tree sap, as steamships were a reigning mode of travel. Without this

protection, a suitcase in the hold of a heaving, leaky ship would probably have been wet

within a few hours, and crushed by sliding trunks within a few more (Gross, 2014).

Travelers nowadays are adventurous and prefer to travel freely and completely empty-

handed. However, luggage is an almost indispensable part of traveling (Catherine, 2014).

Travelers tend to bring many bags to store their things towards their destinations whether

they like it or not. But the hassle of charging of devices before traveling will also remain

constant.

In line with this, the researchers came up of an upgrade towards the luggage that will

produce electricity while strolling. Instead of wasting energy expended during strolling
 2

your luggage at the same time it can charge your power bank. A DC Power-generating

Luggage is a type of a portable device that can be used in a place where there is no

electricity like far from the city. This can charge some gadgets or devices by pulling the

luggage, it generates electrical energy that is caused by the rotation of wheels. The

generated energy was directly stored in a power bank for storage.

Objectives

This study aims to develop a DC power-generating Luggage. Specifically, it aims to;

1. Determine the minimum speed at 10, 15, 20 meters, that the luggage travels,

enough to charge the power bank continuously.

2. Determine the actual minimum speed, that the luggage travels, enough to supply

energy.

3. Calculate Power generated by the Luggage.

Significance of the Study

This study is beneficial as it provides an alternative power source enough to charge

smartphones and power banks. This study also benefits the following sectors:

To Travelers, that are always on a rush and they tend to forget things like charging their

phones which is essential for their trip. In short, the hassle of charging before a trip remains

constant. With this study, it utilizes the energy expended while strolling converting it to

useful energy like electrical energy.

 3

In a way, it can also help travelers to solve their problems about their uncharged phones

and/or power banks. Also, it is useful when they are on a place that is from civilization like

islands and provinces---that has a scarcity with electricity.

Society may benefit in our research in a way that they can make an alternative power

source that can assist them when they experience blackout, which is common nowadays.

The people in the society may also benefit in this research as it is able to help them lessen

their problem about their electricity.

The product of this research also benefit parents since this study aims to charge the

smartphones and power banks, using an alternative source, which will decrease the amount

of consumption of electricity to their household. Because in this study, they can get easily

get access to it and can also develop new innovations in relating with our study.

To the present and future researchers, for which they can propose new set of ideas and

innovations that could create a new evolution of alternative power source that is hassle-

free and useful to the community.

Scope and Limitations

This study aimed to develop a DC Power Generating Luggage. The 10050.mAh power

bank was utilized in order to test the minimum and actual minimum speed of the luggage

to charge continuously or enough to supply energy. The testing of the device were only

limited on smooth plain surface. Only a two-wheeled luggage is used for this study. The

device were intended for charging only the power bank that require small quantity of

electricity. Cellphones are not advisable for charging in this device because the current or
 4

the production of electricity is not stable (e.g. discontinuation of motion of the

wheels) in which wheels help generate electricity.

Review of Related Literature

Travelling is common since Christ was born. Travelers move from one place to

another, bringing stuffs they only need. Nowadays, global travelers are interested in a

home-away-from-home experience when they stay at a hotel. We see more travelers

impressed by simplicity and convenience rather than luxury and impractical

amenities. Travelers want to stay at a hotel that offers familiarity and convenient

amenities that would make for a relaxing and stress-free stay. With a new wave of young

travelers coming into the scene, we are now seeing more priority placed

on community. Young travelers want to feel at home and feel connected with other

guests and the hotel staff. They want to become part of the experience. Travelers do not

want guest experience and want to feel like they are in a corporate setting but rather feel

comfort in the presence of others. (Ciria, 2013)

Electricity is one of the most important blessings that science has given to

mankind. It has also become a part of modern life and one cannot think of a world

without it. Electricity has many uses in our day to day life. It is used for lighting rooms,

working fans and domestic appliances like using electric stoves, A/C and more. All these

provide comfort to people. In factories, large machines are worked with the help of

electricity. Essential items like food, cloth, paper and many other things are the product

of electricity (Lekshmi, 2010).

 5

We use electricity virtually every minute of every day. We use electricity in our

homes, transportation, commercials and in our industry. Modern means of transportation

and communication have been revolutionized by it. Electric trains and battery cars are

quick means of travel. Electricity also provides means of amusement, radio, television and

cinema, which are the most popular forms of entertainment, are the result of electricity.

Modern equipment like computers and robots has also been developed because of

electricity. Electricity plays a pivotal role in the fields of medicines and surgery too, such

as X-ray, ECG. The use of electricity is increasing day by day (Lekshmi, 2010).

A DC Generator is an electrical machine which converts mechanical energy into

direct current electricity. This energy conversion is based on the principle of production of

dynamically induced emf. This article outlines basic construction and working of a DC

generator (Daware,2013).

A DC generator can be used as a DC motor without any constructional changes

and vice versa is also possible. Thus, a DC generator or a DC motor can be broadly

termed as a DC machine. These basic constructional details are also valid for

the construction of a DC motor. Hence, let's call this point as construction of a DC

machine instead of just 'construction of a dc generator'. (Daware, 2013)

The principle behind the internal working of both a brushless DC motor and a

brushed DC motor are essentially the same. When the motor windings become

energized, a temporary magnetic field is created that repels (and/or attracts) against

permanent magnets. This force is converted into shaft rotation, which allows the motor

to do work. As the shaft rotates, electric current is routed to different sets of

 6

windings, maintaining electromotive repulsion/attraction, forcing the rotor to continually

turn (Jim, 2014).

Brushes inside electric motors are used to deliver current to the motor windings

through commutator contacts. Brushless motors have none of these current carrying

commutators. The field inside a brushless motor is switched via an amplifier triggered by

a commutating device, such as an optical encoder. Windings are on the rotor (Rotating

part of motor) for brush motors and on the stator (stationary part of motor) for brushless
motors (Jim, 2014).

Luggage is a bag and suitcases that a person carries when travelling. The suitcase

as we know it today hardly existed. In Verne's day, proper travel required a hefty trunk

built of wood, leather, and often a heavy iron base. The best trunks were waterproofed

with canvas or tree sap, as steamships were a reigning mode of travel. Without this

protection, a suitcase in the hold of a heaving, leaky ship would probably have been wet

within a few hours, and crushed by sliding trunks within a few more. (Jim, 2014).
 Chapter II
Methodology
Collection of materials

Different materials will be used in conducting this study. Instruments will be also

collected in order to be used during experimentation. See in Appendix A- Materials and

instruments used.

Making of the Power Generator

In order to completely conduct the study, gathering of complete materials should

be considered. Familiarization of precautionary measures should also be considered.

The researcher’s safety should be also prioritized. Use working gloves to avoid

damage to take contact on your hands. Maintain carefulness to avoid harm on your body.

If all materials are all ready, proceed to the making of the power generator.

Assembling the Power Generator

The assembling of the power generator starts with a 5V brushless motor, since the

required voltage for power banks is only 5V. A recycled mechanism will be used in setting

the brushless motor into motion. Using set of gears and a rubber belt that will act as an

instrument that lets the brushless motor produce electricity. The motor’s pulley will have

a circular motion if the wheel of the luggage will spin. Its purpose is for the bronze inside

the motor will spin. Thus, producing electricity.

 8

Figure 1. Assembled mechanism of the brushless motor/power-generator.

Installing the brushless motor to the Luggage

First, the researchers placed the gear from the mechanism be in contact with the

wheels of the Luggage. The mechanism’s metal frame was attached to lower portion of the

Luggage by putting a screw on the power generator. The researcher made sure that the

rubber belt and its gears be in contact directly to the Luggage’s wheels so that while they

are spinning the motor will also spin and generates electricity afterwards. Thus, converting

mechanical energy to electrical energy.

Connecting the brushless motor to the USB Port

. In connecting the brushless motor to the USB Port, wires will be used in

transporting the electricity generated. The lower portion of the Luggage was holed so that

the wires will be inside the Bag itself. And to secure the safety of being tangled or

stepped on the outside. Then, the wires were connected to the USB Port with a larger

capacitor. Soldering Lead

 9

and Soldering Gun were also used in connecting the wires to the capacitor and the USB

Port. Tapes were also used to cover it.

Testing

Determining the minimum speed at given distances, that the luggage travels, enough to

charge the power bank continuously.

To get the minimum speed of the DC power-generating Luggage, the Researchers

pulled the luggage using their hands to determine the minimum speed that the system can

charge the USB post-charged Power Banks with a distance of 10,15,20 m measured by a

meter tape. All of these are replicated into three trials. The LED indicator of the power

bank would serve as a signal that the power bank is charging. A stop watch was used in

measuring the time that Luggage travelled in a given distance. After testing, the speed was

calculated by the formula of speed (v=d/t). The method was replicated in three trials.

Determining the actual minimum speed, that the luggage travels, enough to supply energy.

The luggage was pulled by the researcher to measure the actual speed that could start

charging the power bank. The Researchers observed the power bank’s LED indicator so

that they could know if it is already charging. A USB connector was connected from the

USB port to the input portion of the power bank to produce charging. During testing, the

researcher measured the distance by a meter tape and measure the time with a stopwatch.

Then the Researchers calculated the speed. These were all done in three trials.
 10

Calculate Power Generated

The Researchers measured the voltage and current by using a multi-tester. Alligator wires

were attached in contact with the positive and negative terminal near the USB hub. When

the voltage and current is measured. The Researchers proceeded in calculating the power

generated by the DC Power-generating Luggage by using the formula.

Data Analysis

To analyze the Data obtained the following formula are used:

Speed

v=d/t

d=distance

t=time

Measures of Central Tendency

Σx
Mean : 𝑥̅ = n

Calculation of Power

P= (I) (V)

I=Current

V=Voltage
 11

Legend:

25% 75%

50% 100%/Complete

Waste Disposal

The wastes were disposed properly at Barangay Layawan’s MRF (Material

Recovery Facility). They were segregated properly by the researchers in their respective

bins.
 12

FLOW OF EXPERIMENTAL CHART

Collection of Testing
Materials
Determining the minimum speed at given

distances, that the luggage travels,

enough to charge the power bank

continuously.
Assembling the
Power-generator Determining the actual minimum speed,

that the luggage travels, enough to supply

energy.

Calculate Power Generated

Installing the
brushless motor
to the Luggage

Data Analysis

Connecting the
brushless motor to
the USB Port
Waste Disposal
 Chapter III
Results and Discussions

Table 1 shows the minimum speed of the Luggage that can generate continuous

charging of the power bank. The DC Power-generating Luggage is a type of portable

device that can generate continuous charging while strolling. According to the definition,

speed is the rate of which an object moves was measured in given distances.

Table 1. The Minimum Speed that can generate continuous charging at 10 meters.

Trial Distance Time Minimum Charging

(m) (s) Speed Rate
(m/s)

1 10 12.91 0.77 25%

2 10 6.72 1.49 25%

3 10 6.10 1.64 25%

Average 10 8.58 3.9 25%

Table 1 shows the minimum speed within 10-meter distance. It shows that in trial

1 the speed obtained is 0.77 m/s. In trial 2 the speed obtained is 1.49 m/s. Also, in trial 3,

the speed obtained is 1.64 m/s. And the Average Minimum Speed is 3.9 m/s. In line with

these, it implied that the average minimum speed that the DC Power-generating Luggage

is 3.9 m/s that is enough to generate continuous charging at 25%

 14

Table 2. The Minimum Speed that can generate continuous charging at 15 meters.

Trial Distance Time Minimum Speed

(m) (s) (m/s)

1 15 12.91 1.16

2 15 9.31 1.61

3 15 8.32 1.80

Average 15 10.18 1.52

Table 2 shows the minimum speed travelled by the DC Power-generating

Luggage within 20 meters. In trial 1 the minimum speed obtained is 1.16 m/s. And in trial

2, the minimum speed obtained is 1.61 m/s. In trail 3, the speed obtained is 1.80 m/s.

Finally, the average minimum speed obtained is 1.52 m/s. These implied, that the

minimum speed travelled by the within 20 meters can generate charging up to 25%.

Table 3. The Minimum Speed that can generate continuous charging at 20 meters.

Trial Distance Time Minimum Speed Charging

(m) (s) (m/s) Rate

1 20 8.32 2.40 25%

 15

2 20 9.39 2.13 25%

3 20 6.60 3.03 25%

Average 20 8.10 2.52 25%

Table 3 shows the minimum speed travelled by the DC Power-generating

Luggage within 20 meters. In trial 1 the minimum speed obtained is 2.40 m/s. And in trial

2, the minimum speed obtained is 2.13 m/s. In trail 3, the speed obtained is 3.03 m/s.

Finally, the average minimum speed obtained is 2.52 m/s. These implied, that the

minimum speed travelled by the within 20 meters can generate charging up to 25%.

Table 4. The Actual Minimum Speed that can produce electricity

Trial Distance Time Actual Minimum Speed

(m) (s) (m/s)

1 3.25 m 4.22 s 0.77 m/s

2 7.48 m 7.85 s 0.95 m/s

3 5.50 m 5.89 s 0.93 m/s

TOTAL 16.23 m 17.96 s 2.65 m/s

Average 5.41 m 14.03 2.65 m/s

 16

Based on the table above, distance, time and speed is needed to be measured in

ensuring that the Luggage can generate electricity. The obtained average of distance is

5.41 meters. Also, the obtained average of time is 14.03 seconds. Thus the calculated

average of speed is 0.88 meters per second, respectively.

Table 3. Calculating Power generated

Current Voltage Power

(mA) (V) (W)

1 5 5

Table 3 shows the calculation of the power produced. It was calculated by the

formula of power which is obtained multiplying the current and the voltage produced

using a multi-tester. The current is 1mA since the diode used was also 1mA. The voltage

produced is 5V because the motor used can only charge up to 5V. Thus, the range of the

voltage output is from 0V to 5V. Based on the calculations above, it implies that the DC

power Luggage produces 5 watts of power. Which is enough to charge small devices like

power banks.
 Chapter IV

Conclusions and Recommendations

Conclusions

The making of the DC Power-generating Luggage was done at San Vicente Alto,

Oroquieta City. The device undergone multiple tests that the Researchers conducted. The

result of the average minimum speed within a 10-meter distance, enough to charge the

powerbank continuously is 3.9 m/s. The average minimum speed in a 15-meter distance

is 1.52 m/s and within a 20-meter distance is 2.52 m/s. All of these can charge the power

bank up to 25%. The results also implies that the greater the force and speed exerted the

greater the energy is generated. The Voltage produced by the DC Power-generating

Luggage is 5V that is enough to charge power banks. The Current was also measured by

the Researchers and it showed that it produces a current of 1mA. Thus, using it for

calculating the power generated it implied that the DC Power-generating Luggage

produces 5 watts of Power.

Recommendations

1. Use a 4-wheeled Luggage to test the device

2. Conduct a test about the possible weight that can be placed inside that could help

in producing electricity.

3. Use brushless motors above 5V.

4. Conduct a test on the DC Power-generating Luggage that can charge the power

bank fully.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Ciria, M., (2014). Understanding the Modern Day Traveler. Retrieved November 27,

2013 from,

https://www.e-marketingassociates.com/blog/understanding-modern-day-traveler.

Daware, K. (2013). Basic Construction and working of a DC Generator. Retrieved N.D

from,

http://www.electricaleasy.com/2012/12/basic-construction-and-working-of-dc.html

Jim (2014). Brushless Motors vs Brush Motors, what's the difference? Retrieved August

27 from,

http://www.quantumdev.com/brushless-motors-vs-brush-motors-whats-the-difference/

Lekshmi, S. (2010). Importance of Electricity. Retrieved March 08 2010 from,

http://www.thehindu.com/features/kids/Importance-of-electricity/article16544961.ece.

Adlaon, J.,et al. (2015). DC Power Generating Skateboard.

Sermon., Richard Jr. (2015). Prototype Bicycle Power Kit.

 APPENDICES
Appendix A- Materials and Instruments used

Materials for the Establishing the Testing Other Materials

assembling of the Voltage Instrument
power-generator
Regulator
 5V  2 Rectifier  Multi  Wire
brushless Diodes meter Cutters
motor  1 filter  Wires with  Soldering
 10050 capacitor alligator Gun
mAh  Wires clips  Soldering
Power  Luggage Lead
bank  Meter stick  Extension
 USB Wire
connector  Work
 Gears gloves
 Rubber  Screwdriver
Belt

Collection of Materials
Assembling the Power Generator

Installing the brushless motor to the Luggage

Connecting the brushless motor to the USB hub

Testing
 Researchers’ Profile

Name: Kristlyner B. Santiago

Age: 16 yrs. old
Birthday: August 29, 2001
Hobbies: Reading Books, Watching Anime and Making Poems
Ambition: To be a Veterinarian
Name: Jhasel A. Amorcillo
Age: 16 yrs. old
Birthday: August 1, 2001
Hobbies: Reading Wattpad, Watching Animes and Korean Dramas
Ambition: To be a Certified Public Accountant
Name: Je Ann P. Gumapit
Age: 15 yrs. old
Birthday: September 3, 2002
Hobbies: Listening to Music, Reading books and Wattpad
Ambition: To be a Certified Public Accountant
Name: Adrian G. Lumasag
Age: 15 yrs. old
Birthday: May 5, 2002
Hobbies: Watching K-Dramas, Listening to Music and Reading Stories
Ambition: To be a Civil Engineer
Name: Monique Loreen T. Canacao
Age: 17 yrs. old
Birthday: January 15, 2001
Hobbies: Playing and Cooking
Ambition: To be a Certified Public Accountant and Lawyer
Name: Aaron Marc B. Baril
Age: 16 yrs. old
Birthday: March 2, 2001
Hobbies: Singing and Dancing
Ambition: To be a Medical Technologist

Name: Alan Louise P. Bualat

Birthday: October 6, 2001
Age: 15
Hobbies: Listening to music, Surfing the Net
Ambition: Surgeon

Name: Jessa Tresha Marie B. Beloy

Age: 16 yrs. old
Birthday: August 4, 2001
Hobbies: Eating, Reading and Listening, Playing and Making Music
Ambition: To be a Medical Technologist

Name: Lea Marie D. Luzano

Birthday: March 10, 2002
Age: 15
Hobbies: Reading Books, Watching Animes and Korean Dramas
Ambition: Cardiologist or Heart Surgeon