Philippine Normal University

Taft Avenue, Manila

Faculty of Science, Technology and Mathematics

A Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 8

on Relations

Submitted by:
MACABULIT, LYN D’ AMOR M.
Practice Teacher

Submitted to:
Mrs. Elizabeth D. Salido
Cooperating Teacher

November 7, 2018
 I. Objectives
At the end of 40-minute period, 80% of the students with 75% level of mastery
should be able to:
A. determine other ways of representing relation aside from ordered pair, input-
output table and mapping; and
B. determine the domain and range of a relation.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Relations and Functions
Materials: Visual aids, and Frayer model
References:
Nivera, G. C. (2014). Relations and Functions. In G. C. Nivera, Grade 8 Mathematics
(pp. 258-274). Makati: Don Bosco Press.

III. Instructional Strategies

A. Preparatory Activity
1. Prayer
2. Greeting
B. Developmental Activity
1. Motivation
Tell whether the relation is one-to-one, many-to-one, and one-to-many relation.
Find the domain and range.
2.
Y X
X Y X X
1. 2. 3. Y 4. Y
1 4
1 2 4 5
2 25 2
-2 8 -5
3 8
4 12 6
4 36 3
5 -4 16 -6
9
 3. Lesson Proper
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
You learned yesterday the three ways to The three ways to express a relation are as an
express a relation and what are those? ordered pair, as input-output table and
mapping diagram.

We are about to learn the fourth and last way

to express a relation which is through
graphing.
x y
To start our discussion, I want you to express -4 2
the relation {(-1,3), (3,4), (4,3), (-4,2), (5,-1)} -1 3
as a input-output table and mapping diagram. 3 4
Can I have two volunteers? 4 3
5 -1

Using the ordered pair in the relation above,

let's use a cartesian plane and plot the points.

To determine the domain and range, we must

look to the coordinates given. It is called
domain if this is set of all first coordinates or
in short it is the input value. Range, on the
other hand is the set of all second coordinates.
It is known as the output value.

By our definition, what is the domain and The domain is {-4, -1, 3, 4, 5}. The range is
range in a given relation? {2, 3, 4, -1}.

Let's try to turn the tables. What if the graph is

being shown? And you need to express the
relation shown on the graph as a set of ordered
pairs and in a table. Then find the domain and Set of ordered pairs: {(0,4), (-2,1), (-3,0), (-1,-
range. 2), (2,-3)}
Input-output table:
x y
0 4
-2 1
-3 0
-1 -2
2 -3
Domain: {0, -2, -3, -1, 2}
Range: {4, 1, 0, -2, -3}

Let's have our yesterday's problem about Daily

Waste. If we are to express the relation in a
graph, we need to plot points first in the
cartesian plane. So we will have
As you can see, each value of x is mapped to One-to-one relation
exactly one value of y. What kind of relation is
this?

List the domain and range of a relation. Domain: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

Range: {4, 8, 12, 16, 20}

3. Generalization
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
To sum it up, I want you to bring out your My Definition
frayer model (my definition, characteristics, A relation is a set of ordered pairs. The set of
and example) and complete the model. all first coordinates is the domain of the
relation. The set of all second coordinates is
the range of the relation.
Characteristics
There are multiple ways to represent a
relation:
- ordered pairs
- input-output table
My definition part: You need to answer that
- mapping diagram
question 'What is it all about?' It can be your
- graphing
own definition or copied from your notes.
Example
{(4,7), (3,2), (0,0)}
Characteristics part: You need to right the
essential properties of the topic. X Y

1 2
Example part: You need to give an example 5 3
7 9
based on what is written from your 3 4
characteristics. 9 5
 4. Application
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Let's have a word problem and answer the
following questions.
A.
No. of 1 2 3 4 5 6
A computer center charges Php 3 for each page pages
printed. printed (x)
No. of 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cost (y) 3 6 9 12 15 18
pages
B. Ordered pair: {(1,3), (2,6), (3,9), (4,12),
printed (x)
(5,12), (6,18)
Cost (y) 3 Input-output table
x y

a. Complete the table. 1 3

b. Express the relation as an ordered pair, table 2 6

and graph of the number of pages printed to the 3 9

cost. 4 12

c. Determine the domain and range of the 5 15

relation. 6 18

d. What kind of relation is it? Graph:

C. Domain: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
Range: {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18}
IV. EVALUATION
Graph each of the following relations. List the domain and range of each relation.