Hackers Grammar Start-9강

[9강 Warm-up 문제]

1. Volcanic rock who forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is called pillow lava.

A B C D

2. Fertilizer is any substance added to the soil to provide chemical

elements essential for plant nutrition.

A) that it can be B) whom it can be

C) that can be D) it can be

3. Sports heroes in the United States earn salaries that is amazingly high in

A B

comparison with those of other occupations.

C D

[9강 Review 문제]

1. The sources that will probably tell contemporary historians most about women in

A B

the ancient world is social documents.

C D

2. Turtles are cold-blooded animals body temperature is influenced by the outside

environment.
A) which B) what C) whose D) its

3. A full-time undergraduate student is expected to take courses twelve to

eighteen credit hours.

A) that total B) that is total C) that totals D) that to total

4. Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles which controlled by the nervous system.

A B C D

5. Settlement houses were institutions what were established to improve living

A B C

conditions in poor city neighborhoods.

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Hackers Grammar Start-9강

[9강- Hand out]

Lesson 13. 형용사절 (1)

◈형용사절(꾸며주는 절)을 표시하는 종속접속사:

1)
2)

◈선행사: 관계사절의 수식을 받는 명사 (대부분 관계사 바로 앞에 놓여 있슴)

1. 관계대명사의 종류
who 선행사: 사람/사물, 동물 종속절에서 주격/목적격

Whom 선행사: 사람/사물, 동물 종속절에서 주격/목적격

Which 선행사: 사람/사물, 동물 종속절에서 주격/목적격

that 선행사: 사람/사물, 동물 종속절에서 주격/목적격

관계대명사 that을 쓰지 못하는 곳:

whose 선행사: 사람/사물, 동물 종속절에서

[예문] 1. The man ( ) bought all the books by Hemingway died.

2. That is the boy ( ) I invited to the party.
3. There is the house ( ) I’d like to buy.
4. She wants to buy the house ( ) roof is red.
= She wants to buy the house of which the roof is red.

= She wants to buy the house the roof of which is red.

5. Mr. Smith is the man whose house I painted.

[정리1] 주격/목적격 관계대명사 뒤의 절은 (완전/불완전)하다.

☞ 주격 관계대명사 + ( ) + 동사

☞ 목적격 관계대명사 + 주어 + 타동사 + ( )

목적격 관계대명사는 생략이 가능하다

[정리2] 소유격 관계대명사 “whose” 뒤에는 반드시 (관사없이) 명사가 나오며,

그 명사가 뒤 절의 주어, 목적어 혹은 보어로 쓰인다.

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Hackers Grammar Start-9강

☞ 소유격 관계대명사 + 명사(주어) + 동사

☞ 소유격 관계대명사 + 명사(목적어) + 주어 + 동사

2. 한정적 용법 vs. 계속적 용법

[예문] 1. Jane who is my best friend is getting married next month.

Jane, who is my best friend, is getting married next month.

2. The kitchen table is very old, which was once used by my grandmother.

(선행사: )

3. Tom didn’t buy anything for Jane’s birthday, which made her disappointed.

(선행사: )

3. 관계대명사 what : ~한 것 (선행사 – the thing - 를 포함)

Tom told me what he saw last night. (그가 지난 밤에 본 것을: 목적어 역할)

= the thing [which(that) he saw last night].

사물선행사 앞의 선행사를 꾸며주는 절 (which / that은 목적격 관계대명사  뒤에 목적어 없음)

관계대명사 what은 선행사를 포함하고 있으므로, 그 선행사(명사)를 또 둘 수 없다.

즉, 관계대명사 what절은 명사를 꾸며주는 형용사절이 아니라,
그 안에 명사가 포함되어 있어, 명사절 의 기능을 한다!!
관계대명사의 특성상, 뒤는 불완전한 절 이 나온다.

Cf) Tom told me what he saw last night. (그가 지난 밤에 무엇 을 보았는지를: 목적어 역할)
의문사 what + 불완전한 절  명사절

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