SHEAR AND BENDING MOMENT

DIAGRAMS
BEAMS
• horizontal structural members designed to support vertical loads

STATICALLY DETERMINATE STATICALLY INDETERMINATE

SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM PROPPED BEAM

OVERHANGING BEAM FIXED / RESTRAINED BEAM

CANTILEVER BEAM CONTINUOUS BEAM

CONVENTIONS
• Consider a beam with an arbitrary loading:

POSITIVE INTERNAL SHEAR

POSITIVE INTERNAL BENDING MOMENT
AREA METHOD
• Consider a portion of the loaded beam shown.
AREA METHOD
• Consider a portion of the loaded beam shown.
AREA METHOD
AREA METHOD
METHOD OF SECTIONS
• This method is ADVANTAGEOUS when the shear and bending
moment at a SPECIFIC POINT is to be determined.

• GENERAL PROCEDURE:
– Pass a cutting plane on the desired portion of the beam.
– Isolate the FBD of the segment (left or right) that will be more practical
to analyze.
– Indicate the positive internal shear and internal bending moment as
per convention.
– Set a variable distance x for which the equilibrium equations will be
valid.
– The equation for SHEAR V is obtained by SUMMING FORCES ALONG
THE VERTICAL; for BENDING MOMENT M, by SUMMING MOMENTS
ABOUT THE CUTTING PLANE.
IMPORTANT POINTS
• The degree-of-curve n of the
DISTRIBUTED LOAD will
correspond to a degree-of-curve
(n+1) for the SHEAR DIAGRAM and
a degree-of-curve (n+2) for the
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM.

• The point where the shear

diagram crosses the horizontal
axis is a POINT OF ZERO SHEAR,
where there is a RELATIVE
MINIMUM / MAXIMUM BENDING
MOMENT.
IMPORTANT POINTS
• INTERNAL HINGES can be treated like an ordinary hinge support.
Because of the internal hinge at B, the PROPPED BEAM AC below
can be separated into TWO BEAMS AB and BC.
IMPORTANT POINTS
• When a point load acts indirectly on the beam, it must be
TRANSFERRED to the as an EQUIVALENT FORCE AND MOMENT.
IMPORTANT POINTS
• SPANDRELS are areas beneath an nth-degree curve with one of the
corners being the vertex of the said curve.

NOT A
SPANDREL
http://www.britannica.com/technology/spandrel-architecture

SPANDREL
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
• Draw the SHEAR and BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAMS of the
following beams:
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
• Draw the SHEAR and BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAMS of the
following beams:
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
• Draw the SHEAR and BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAMS of the
following beams:

negligible pulley weights

sphere weight = 500 lb