IB Math Applications Probability Practice Test

1. One day the number of customers at three cafés, “Alan’s Diner” (A), “Sarah’s Snackbar” (S) and “Pete’s
Eats” (P) was recorded and are given below.
17 were customers of Pete’s Eats only
27 were customers of Sarah’s Snackbar only
15 were customers of Alan’s Diner only
10 were customers of Pete’s Eats and Sarah’s Snackbar but not Alan’s Diner
8 were customers of Pete’s Eats and Alan’s Diner but not Sarah’s Snackbar
(a) Draw a Venn Diagram, using sets labelled A, S and P, that shows this information.
(3)
There were 48 customers of Pete’s Eats that day.
(b) Calculate the number of people who were customers of all three cafés.
(2)
There were 50 customers of Sarah’s Snackbar that day.
(c) Calculate the total number of people who were customers of Alan’s Diner.
(3)
(d) Write down the number of customers of Alan’s Diner that were also customers of Pete’s Eats.
(1)
(e) Find n[(S È P) Ç A′].
(2)
(Total 11 marks)

2. (a) Shade (A È B) Ç C ′ on the diagram below.

U
A B C

(2)
(b) In the Venn diagram below, the number of elements in each region is given.
Find n ((P Ç Q) È R).

U
P 2 3 1 Q

6
4 5

R
(2)
+
(c) U is the set of positive integers, .
E is the set of even numbers.
M is the set of multiples of 3.
(i) List the first six elements of the set M.
(ii) List the first six elements of the set E′ Ç M.
(2)
(Total 6 marks)

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3. The Venn diagram shows the numbers of pupils in a school according to whether they study the sciences
Physics (P), Chemistry (C), Biology (B).

(a) Write down the number of pupils that study Chemistry only.
(1)
(b) Write down the number of pupils that study exactly two sciences.
(1)
(c) Write down the number of pupils that do not study Physics.
(2)
(d) Find n[(P È B) Ç C].
(2)
(Total 6 marks)

4. Nene and Deka both play netball. The probability that Nene will score a goal on her first attempt is 0.75. The
probability that Deka will score a goal on her first attempt is 0.82.
Calculate the probability that
(a) Nene and Deka will both score a goal on their first attempts;
(b) neither Nene nor Deka will score a goal on their first attempts.
(Total 4 marks)

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5. Neil has three dogs. Two are brown and one is grey. When he feeds the dogs, Neil uses three bowls and
gives them out randomly. There are two red bowls and one yellow bowl. This information is shown on the
tree diagram below.
2 Red
3

2 Brown 1
3 Yellow
3
2 Red
1
Grey 3
3

1
Yellow
3
(a) One of the dogs is chosen at random.
(i) Find P (the dog is grey and has the yellow bowl).
(ii) Find P (the dog does not get the yellow bowl).
(3)
(b) Neil often takes the dogs to the park after they have eaten. He has noticed that the grey dog plays with
a stick for a quarter of the time and both brown dogs play with sticks for half of the time. This
information is shown on the tree diagram below.
Stick

2
Brown
3 No
stick

1 Stick
3 Grey

No
stick

(i) Add the four missing probability values on the branches that refer to playing with a stick.

During a trip to the park, one of the dogs is chosen at random.

(ii) Find P (the dog is grey or is playing with a stick, but not both).
(iii) Find P (the dog is grey given that the dog is playing with a stick).
(iv) Find P (the dog is grey and was fed from the yellow bowl and is not
playing with a stick).
(9)
(Total 12 marks)

6. In a group of fifteen students, three names begin with the letter B and four begin with a G. The remaining
eight names begin with A, C, D, E, F, H, I and J respectively.
The 15 names are placed in a box. The box is shaken and two names are drawn out.
Find the probability that
(a) both names begin with any letter except G or B;
(b) both names begin with the same letter;
(c) both names begin with the letter H.
(Total 6 marks)

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7. Given a universal set U = {cars}, S = {sports cars}, G = {green sports cars}.
(a) Draw a Venn diagram to illustrate this information.
(3)
(b) Shade the set S Ç G′ on your diagram.
(1)
(c) Write in words the meaning of S Ç G′.
(2)
(Total 6 marks)

8. The following histogram shows the house prices in thousands of Australian dollars (AUD) of a random
sample of houses in a certain town in Australia.

(a) How many houses are there in the sample?

(b) Write down the modal group for house prices.
(c) Find the probability of choosing a house at random that costs less than 60 000 AUD or more than
240 000 AUD.
(d) Given that a house costs more than 120 000 AUD, find the probability that it costs between 180 000
and 240 000 AUD.
(Total 6 marks)

9. Events A and B have probabilities P(A) = 0.4, P (B) = 0.65, and P(A È B) = 0.85.
(a) Calculate P(A Ç B).
(b) State with a reason whether events A and B are independent.
(c) State with a reason whether events A and B are mutually exclusive.
(Total 6 marks)

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ANSWERS IB Math Applications SL Probability Practice Test
1. (a)

(A1) for rectangle and three labelled intersecting circles

(A1) for 15, 27 and 17
(A1) for 10 and 8 (A3)

(b) 48–(8 + 10 + 17) or equivalent (M1)

= 13 (A1)(ft)(G2)

(c) 50 – (27 + 10 + 13) (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for working seen.
=0 (A1)
number of elements in A = 36 (A1)(ft)(G3)
Note: Follow through from (b).

(d) 21 (A1)(ft)
Note: Follow through from (b) even if no working seen.

(e) 54 (M1)(A1)(ft)(G2)
Note: Award (M1) for 17, 10, 27 seen. Follow through from (a).
[11]

2. (a)

not shading C or shading A È B (A1)

correct shading (A1) (C2)

(b) Identifying the correct 5 numbers 3, 4, 5, 6, 9 (A1)

27 (A1) (C2)

(c) (i) M = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18} brackets not required. (A1)
(ii) E′ Ç M = {3, 9, 15, 21, 27, 33} (ft) from (i). (A1)(ft) (C2)
[6]

5
3. (a) 9 (A1) (C1)
(b) 12 (A1) (C1)

(c) 8+3+9+6 (M1)

= 26 (A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for 20 seen if answer is incorrect.
(d) 5+2+3 (M1)
= 10 (A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for 29 or 19 seen if answer is incorrect. [6]

4. (a) 0.75 × 0.82 (M1)

æ 123 ö
= 0.615 ç accept 61.5 % or ÷ (A1)
è 200 ø

(b) 0.25 × 0.18 (M1)

æ 9 ö
= 0.045 ç accept 4.5 % or ÷ (A1) [4]
è 200 ø

5. (a) (i) P (a dog is grey and has the yellow bowl)

1 1 1
= ´ = (= 0.111) (M1)(A1)(G2)
3 3 9
Note: The (M1) is for multiplying two values along any branch of the tree.
2
(ii) P (dog does not get yellow bowl) = (= 0.667 (3 sf) or 0.6) (A1) 3
3

1 1
(b) (i) The tree diagram should show the values , for the brown branch (A1)
2 2
1 3
and , in the correct positions for the grey branch. (A1)(ft)
4 4

Note: Follow through if the branches are interchanged.

(ii) P (the dog is grey or is playing with a stick, but not both)
1 3 2 1
= ´ + ´ (M1)
3 4 3 2
7
= ( = 0.583) (A1)(ft)(G1)
12
Notes: The (M1) is for showing two correct products (whether added or not).
Follow through from b(i).
1 1
Award (M1) for + (must be a sum).
3 4
(iii) P (dog is grey given that it is playing with stick)
1 1
´
p (G Ç S ) 3 4 1 5
= or (M1)(A1)(ft)
P( S ) æ 2 1 ö æ 1 1 ö 12 12
ç ´ ÷+ç ´ ÷
è3 2ø è3 4ø
Note: (M1) for substituted conditional probability formula, (A1) for correct substitutions.
1
= ( = 0.2 ) (A1)(ft)(G2)
5
(iv) P (grey and fed from yellow bowl and not playing with stick)
1 1 3 1 3
= ´ ´ = ( = = 0.0833 3 sf). (M1)
3 3 4 12 36
(A1)(ft)(G1) 9
Note: (M1) is for product of 3 reasonable probability values. [12]

6
 æ8 7ö
6. (a) ç ´ ÷ (M1)
è 15 14 ø
56 4
= = (0.267 ) (A1) (C2)
210 15
Note: (M1) is for a product including at least one correct fraction.

æ4 3ö æ3 2ö
(b) ç ´ ÷+ç ´ ÷ (M1)(M1)
è 15 14 ø è 15 14 ø
Note: (M1) is for adding two products, the other (M1) is if both products attempt to deal with
non-replacement and the numbers are not ridiculous.
18 3
= or (0.0857) (A1) (C3)
210 35
Note: If one correct product is doubled this receives (M1)(M0)(A0)

(c) The probability is 0. (Allow answer “impossible” or equivalent.) (A1) (C1)

[6]

7. (a)

(A1)(A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for rectangle, (A1) for S drawn and named, (A1) for G completely inside S.

(b) shading on diagram (A1)(ft)

(c) sports cars that are not green (A2)

Note: Award (A1) for sports cars intersecting with not green cars.
[6]

8. (a) 109 (A1) (C1)

(b) 60–120 thousand dollars (A1) (C1)
32
(c) For correct numerator (A1)
109
For correct denominator (A1) (C2)
10
(d) For correct numerator (A1)
39
For correct denominator (A1) (C2)
[6]

9. (a) For solving for P(A Ç B) from the formula in their tables (M1)
P(A Ç B) = 0.2 (A1) (C2)

(b) Because 0.4 × 0.65 ¹ 0.2 need to see the numbers, not just a statement (R1)
Therefore no, not independent (A1) (C2)
Note: Cannot award (A1) if (R1) not awarded.

(c) Because P(A Ç B) ¹ 0 (R1)

Not mutually exclusive (A1) (C2)
Note: Cannot award (A1) if (R1) not awarded.
[6]