PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 603 Second.
In cases falling within subdivision 4 of Article 11, the
THE CHILD AND YOUTH WELFARE CODE
Article 58. Torts. - Parents and guardians are responsible for the
damage caused by the child under their parental authority in
accordance with the Civil Code.
Article 201. Civil Liability of Youthful Offenders. - The civil liability
for acts committed by a youthful offender shall devolve upon the
offender's father and, in case of his death or incapacity, upon the
mother, or in case of her death or incapacity, upon the guardian.
Civil liability may also be voluntarily assumed by a relative or family
friend of the youthful offender.
THE FAMILY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
Art. 218. The school, its administrators and teachers, or the
individual, entity or institution engaged in child are shall have special
parental authority and responsibility over the minor child while under
their supervision, instruction or custody.
Authority and responsibility shall apply to all authorized activities
whether inside or outside the premises of the school, entity or
institution.
Art. 219. Those given the authority and responsibility under the
preceding Article shall be principally and solidarily liable for
damages caused by the acts or omissions of the unemancipated
minor. The parents, judicial guardians or the persons exercising
substitute parental authority over said minor shall be subsidiarily
liable.
The respective liabilities of those referred to in the preceding
paragraph shall not apply if it is proved that they exercised the
proper diligence required under the particular circumstances.
All other cases not covered by this and the preceding articles shall
be governed by the provisions of the Civil Code on quasi-delicts.
Art. 221. Parents and other persons exercising parental authority
shall be civilly liable for the injuries and damages caused by the acts
or omissions of their unemancipated children living in their company
and under their parental authority subject to the appropriate
defenses provided by law.
Art. 233. The person exercising substitute parental authority shall
have the same authority over the person of the child as the parents.
In no case shall the school administrator, teacher of individual
engaged in child care exercising special parental authority inflict
corporal punishment upon the child.
THE REVISED PENAL CODE
Article 101. Rules regarding civil liability in certain cases. - The
exemption from criminal liability established in subdivisions 1, 2, 3, 5
and 6 of Article 12 and in subdivision 4 of Article 11 of this Code
does not include exemption from civil liability, which shall be
enforced subject to the following rules:
First. In cases of subdivisions 1, 2, and 3 of Article 12, the civil
liability for acts committed by an imbecile or insane person, and by a
person under nine years of age, or by one over nine but under
fifteen years of age, who has acted without discernment, shall
devolve upon those having such person under their legal authority or
control, unless it appears that there was no fault or negligence on
their part.
Should there be no person having such insane, imbecile or minor
under his authority, legal guardianship or control, or if such person
be insolvent, said insane, imbecile, or minor shall respond with their
own property, excepting property exempt from execution, in
accordance with the civil law.
persons for whose benefit the harm has been prevented shall be
civilly liable in proportion to the benefit which they may have
received.
The courts shall determine, in sound discretion, the proportionate
amount for which each one shall be liable.
When the respective shares cannot be equitably determined, even
approximately, or when the liability also attaches to the Government,
or to the majority of the inhabitants of the town, and, in all events,
whenever the damages have been caused with the consent of the
authorities or their agents, indemnification shall be made in the
manner prescribed by special laws or regulations.
Third. In cases falling within subdivisions 5 and 6 of Article 12, the
persons using violence or causing the fears shall be primarily liable
and secondarily, or, if there be no such persons, those doing the act
shall be liable, saving always to the latter that part of their property
exempt from execution.
A.M. No. 02-1-18-SC
RULE ON JUVENILES IN CONFLICT WITH THE LAW
Section 5. Determination of Age. - The child in conflict with the law
shall enjoy the presumption of minority and shall enjoy all the rights
of a child in conflict with the law until proven to be eighteen years old
or older at the time of the commission of the offense. The age of the
child shall be determined according to the following rules:
(1) The best evidence to prove the age of a child is an original or
certified true copy of the certificate of live birth;
(2) In the absence of a certificate of live birth, similar authentic
documents such as baptismal certificates and school records or any
pertinent document that shows the date of birth of the child;
(3) In the absence of the documents under paragraphs 1 and 2 of
this section due to loss, destruction or unavailability, the testimony of
the child, the testimony of a member of the family related to the child
by affinity or consanguinity who is qualified to testify on matters
respecting pedigree such as the exact age or date of birth of the
child pursuant to Sec.40, Rule 130 of the Rules on Evidence, the
testimonies of the other persons, the physical appearance of the
child and other relevant evidence, shall suffice.
REPUBLIC ACT No. 9344
Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006
SEC. 6. Minimum Age of Criminal Responsibility. - A child fifteen
(15) years of age or under at the time of the commission of the
offense shall be exempt from criminal liability. However, the child
shall be subjected to an intervention program pursuant to Section 20
of this Act.
A child above fifteen (15) years but below eighteen (18) years of age
shall likewise be exempt from criminal liability and be subjected to
an intervention program, unless he/she has acted with discernment,
in which case, such child shall be subjected to the appropriate
proceedings in accordance with this Act.
The exemption from criminal liability herein established does not
include exemption from civil liability, which shall be enforced in
accordance with existing laws.