Diversity of Oganization

Agenda
• Diversity
• Biographical Characteristics
• Ability
• Implementing Diversity Management Strategies
• Global Implications
➢ Demographic Characteristics of the U.S. Workforce
• U.S. workforce become diversity today.
• In order to adapt this shift, organizations need to make diversity management a
central component of their policies and practices.
➢ Level of Diversity
➢ Surface-level diversity:
• Difference in easily perceived characteristics.
• It can lead employees to perceive one another through stereotype and
assumption.
• Such as race, age, gender...
➢ Deep-level diversity:
• More important for determining similarity as people get to know one another.
• Such as vales, personality, and work preferences.

Discrimination
• Discrimination means we allowing our behavior to be influence by
stereotypes about groups of people.
• Unfair discrimination is often very harmful to organization and employees, such
as reduced productivity, negative conflicts, and increased turnover.
➢ Discrimination type
• Discriminatory policies or practices
• Sexual harassment
• Intimidation
• Mockery and insults
• exclusion
• incivility

➢ Biographical characteristics
Biographical characteristics means personal characteristics that are objective and easily
obtained from personal records.
• Surface-level diversity
• such as age, gender, race, and length of tenure

Age

Dose age and job performance have relationship?

• An employee is older, who is less likely to quit.
• Older employee have lower rater of avoidable absence than do younger
employees, but they have higher rates of unavoidable absence.

Dose age and job satisfaction have relationship?

• Satisfaction tends to continually increase among professionals as they age.
• However, satisfaction tends to decrease among nonprofessionals during middle
age and then rises again in the later years.

Gender
Whether women perform as well on jobs as men do?

• There are few differences between men and woman in job performance.
• Work schedules seem to differ between genders.
• A one study point out woman more liking to turn out than men. But now??
• Parents were rated lower in job commitment, achievement striving,
dependability than individuals without children.

Race and Ethnicity

Race means biological heritage people, Ethnicity is additional set of cultural

characteristics that often overlaps with race.

• People tend to favor colleagues of their own race.

 • Substantial racial differences exist in attitudes toward affirmative action.
• African Americans generally fare worse than Whites in employment decisions.

Disability
• Workers with disabilities receive higher performance evaluations
• But they also encounter lower performance expectations and are less likely to be
haired.

Other Biographical Characteristics

➢ Tenure means seniority as time on a particular job.
• Tenure is a good predictor of employee productivity.
• Tenure on an employee's previous job is a powerful predictor of that employee's
future turnover.
➢ Religion
➢ Sexual orientation and gender identity

Ability:
Ability is an individual's current capacity to perform the various tasks in a job .

Intellectual Abilities
Intellectual abilities are abilities needed to perform mental activities — thinking,
reasoning, and problem solving.

General mental ability(GMA) is an overall factor of intelligence, as

suggested by the positive correlations among specific intellectual ability dimensions.

• Wonderlic Personnel Test

• The correlation between intelligence and job satisfaction is about zero.

Physical Ability
➢ Physical ability is the process and programs by which managers make everyone
more aware of and sensitive to the needs and differences of others.

Implementing DiversityManagement Strategies

Diversity Management:
 ➢ Diversity management is a process and programs by which managers make
everyone more aware of and sensitive to the needs and differences of others.

Attracting, Selecting, Developing,and Retaining Diverse

Employees
• Attract diverse employees : target recruiting messages to specific demographic
group underrepresented in the workforce.
➢ The selection process is one of the mos important
places for diversity efforts.
• Fair and objective, qualifications are more important!
➢ Similarity in personality does appear to affect career advancement.
• Collectivistic cultures & individualistic cultures
• Deep-level diversity is more important than surface-level diversity.

Attracting, Selecting, Developing, and Retaining Diverse

Employees-2
• Individuals who are demographically different from their co-works are more likely
to feel low commitment and turn out.
• All workers appeared to prefer an organization that values diversity .

Diversity in Group
• Diversity will help or hurt group performance.
• Trait diversity or Demographic diversity

Effective Diversity Programs

➢ Organization use a variety of efforts to capitalize on

diversity
• Teach managers about the legal framework for equal employment opportunity
• Teach managers how a diverse workforce will be better able to serve a diverse
market of customers and clients.
• Foster personal development practices that bring out the skills and ability of all
workers.

Global Implications
➢ Biographical Characteristics
• Some biographical vary across culture.
➢ Intellectual Ability
• Evidence strongly supports the idea that the structures and measures of
intellectual abilities generalize across culture.
➢ Diversity Management