UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

MANAGEMENT THEORY AND PRACTICES

PROJECT REPORT

SUBMITTED TO: SIR UMER AYUB

SUBMITTED BY: MAHEEN ASIF MIRZA

MARYAM AFZAL

AMMARAH LATIF

IRUM IDREES CH

ID:

DATED: 20.1.2018
 FOUR FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

The major functions that a manager completes can be categorized into four different functions known
as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.

Planning

Planning involves deciding where to take a company and selecting steps to get there. It first requires
managers to be aware of challenges facing their businesses, and it then it requires managers to forecast
future business and economic conditions. They then formulate objectives to reach by certain deadlines and
decide on steps to reach them. They re-evaluate their plans as conditions change and make adjustments as
necessary. Planning helps allocate resources and reduce waste as well.

Organizing

Managers organize by bringing together physical, human and financial resources to achieve objectives.
They identify activities to be accomplished, classify activities, assign activities to groups or individuals,
create responsibility and delegate authority. They then coordinate the relationships of responsibility and
authority.

Leading

Leading requires managers to motivate employees to achieve business objectives and goals. It requires the
use of authority to achieve those ends as well as the ability to communicate effectively. Effective leaders
are students of human personalities, motivation and communication. They can influence their personnel to
view situations from their perspectives. Leading also involves supervision of employees and their work.

Controlling

Controlling is a function of management that involves measuring achievement against established

objectives and goals. It also requires managers to be able to identify sources of deviation from
successful accomplishment and to provide a corrective course of action. Managers first establish
objectives and goals, then measure achievement of them, identify anything that is keeping the
company from achieving them, and provide means of correction if necessary. Controlling does not
necessarily involve achieving only monetary goals and objectives. It can also relate to nontangible
goals and objectives like meeting a production quota or reducing customer complaints by a certain
amount.
Organization Chosen for the Project: Rapid Group Of Companies
Company’s Name:

The Company name is Rapid group of Companies.

Company’s Industry:

Rapid group of companies falls in oversea employment, travel and tourism, Askari training center,
reliance enterprises and rapid real estate and builders. Giving products in the form of property
dealers and services like visa and man power.

Interview Details:

We took the interview from Syed Ghazanfar Ali who is the Chairman of Rapid group. Also we
have taken interview from the middle manager Jameel of Rapid group Travel and tourism.

Office Address : 21-F, 1st Floor, Commercial Area, Phase I,

D.H.A. Lahore, Pakistan.

Company’s Background:

Muhammad Idrees Chaudry is the President of Rapid group of companies and the founder & CEO of Rapid
group (Pvt.) ltd. Lahore, Pakistan. He aims to become active partner not only in enhancing the employment
opportunities of skilled and semi-skilled manpower but ensure provision of Right Man for the Right Job to
their clients. Rapid has requisite capacity and highly professional staff to address the demands of industrial
and commercial concerns along with other multi-national and corporate clients.

Executive summary:

Rapid group was established in 2000. Its first branch was open in Lahore, and now it has opened more than
six branches in three different countries like UAE, Jeddah and Saudi Arab has organized itself in the
versatile fields of five companies that are somewhat interlinked with each other. The company oversea
employment, travel and tourism, Askari test & training center, reliance enterprises and rapid real estate and
builders. The oversea company has an IATA travel agency it provides man power according to the job
description whether it is skilled labor or semi-skilled require or qualification labor force. Travel and tourism
give packages e.g. Hajj and Umraah packages. Askari technical trade test and training center provides
complete services to clients and potential candidates under one roof thus saving a lot of time and fatigue.
Reliance enterprise is collaborated with steel mill of Pakistan. Lastly the Rapid real estate and builders are
property dealers who help in dealing with businesses and personal properties.
SWOT Analysis

External Environments

Rapid group of companies is a group of companies which we have discussed above and provide us with the
services of Hajj and Ummrah, ticketing and visa services, group tours to different countries in the whole
world (IATA agency), train labor and refining their skills, selling and purchasing of property, distribute raw
steel from Pakistan Steel Mill to different factories and Supplying manpower ranging from well qualified
engineers to highly skilled technicians, semi-skilled workers and HR specialists to different counties like
KSA, UAE, Qatar, Malaysia and Bahrain.

 Opportunities:

 Creation of jobs:

Since Rapid group of companies( Rapid Overseas Employment Promoters) have IATA agency and supply
man power to the different counties like KSA, UAE, Qatar, Malaysia and Bahrain after provide them full
training in Askari Technical Test & Training Center. So it will create the opportunities for our clients or
the people who have skills but need to refine them, to get jobs in different countries like job in Bin Ladin
Group.

 Security level of Pakistan:

Since the security level of Pakistan has increased due to the successful operation against the terrorism like
Zarb-e-Azab. It provides Rapid group of companies an opportunity to invite foreign delegations to the
Pakistan and have different contracts with them. It will also provide Rapid an opportunity to create new
jobs for the people of Pakistan.

 Events of Pakistan in Foreign Countries:

Lux Style Awards show and PSL were the great events of Pakistan in foreign countries and a lot of people
fly to watch that events live. So the events like that provide Rapid an opportunity to make suitable packages
for them to increase its customers, sales, revenue and customers satisfaction, because the customers
satisfaction is very important of Rapid group of companies.

 Decrease in the Value of Riyal:

The economic condition of Pakistan is getting better day by day and due to this reason the value of Saudi
Riyal has decreased and it proved Rapid the opportunities to pay most of their payments in Riyal.
  Technology:

Rapid group of companies have highly skilled employees and specialist in their companies and especially
in Askari Technical Test & Training Center who have the ability to easily adapt the change in technology
and provide training to its clients with latest instruments and technology. They have two kind of information
systems in their company one is Backars which is used for booking and other one is Galileo. All the
information regarding routing, group and travel related information is available on it. It has increased the
efficiency and effectiveness of the Rapid Travel & Tourism (Pvt) Limited. They can see that how many
applications for Hajj, and Ummrah has received to Rapid group of companies and take certain decisions
according to that to provide the visa to our clients on time so that they can trust us and satisfy from our
services. If there are a certain changes in technology then the all departments and the companies have
connected to each other that how to deal with this change in situation. They take the advices from their
directors who are the retired Brig General Syed Ghazanfar Ali and CEO Muhammad Idrees Chaudary,
senior managers and the employees of the company then take decision how to handle this change. They
have latest cameras and security systems that monitor all the employees and activities of the organization.
Technology changes do not have a major impact on Rapid Group of Companies because they have
everything to deal with this change.

 Threats:

 Media:

Media is one of the greatest threats for every successful business and also for the Rapid group of companies.
Rapid provides the visas and overseas employment. There were some issues in Saudi Arab and they send
all the workers back to the Pakistan. That was not the fault of the Rapid because they have made their
agreement with the companies in Saudi Arab and fulfilled their duties well. But the media violate this
information badly that Rapid was the responsible for that return the money of the people and all that,
because they wanted to increase their ratings.

 Pakistan’s Relations with Saudi Arab:

Pakistan’s relationships with Saudi Arab are up and down now a day. Because Pakistan has refused to send
its army in the Yemen war and then Saudi Arab (KSA) has started implementing certain restrictions and
government regulations on Pakistani workers by canceling their visas, working contracts and sometimes
sending them back to Pakistan.
  Malaysian Visa policy:

Since the visa polices in Malaysia has changed and there are certain additions in it and it had put some
restriction and government regulations over the overseas employment of the Pakistan. And it is also a major
challenge for Rapid group of companies.

 Limited Hajj Quota:

In Masjid Al-Haram the work of construction is going on for the expansion by Bin Ladin Group. Due to
this reason the government of Saudi Arab (KSA) has limited the quota of Hajj pilgrims for every country
for this year.

 Customer Satisfaction:

Rapid Travel & Truism provide the services of tickets and visas then it is also a big challenge for Rapid
because the price of ticket is continuously changes day by day. Today the price of ticket is 200000 and
tomorrow it will be 250000. It create the challenge for Rapid that how to satisfy our customers with same
price.

 Competitors:

Rapid group of companies is one of the five companies in Pakistan who is connected with “Bin Ladin
Group” in Saudi Arab. The competitors of Rapid are National man power and MPS. The competitive
advantages of Rapid over their competitors are fastest ticketing and visa services, flights details are also
communicated to the clients at least 72 hours prior to the departure of selected candidates, dedicated IATA
accredited agency and a training center with the name of Askari Technical Test and Training Center. The
reason that Rapid is leading in its field is that they are very fair, transparent and honest with their customers
and clients. They try to satisfy the needs and requirements of their customers by the mixture of feedback
and feed forward. They take the feedback from their customers after they reached their destination that what
kind issues you face Sir? Then they make improvements according to the feedback.
Internal Environment

In Rapid group of companies the Selection of employees, managers are totally based upon merit. All people
who is eligible and have skills to do a particular job are preferred. This policy makes sure that only that
person is getting job in Rapid who is eligible and skilled enough to do it.

 Strengths:

The strength of rapid group of companies can be measured by these factors:

 Strong Alliances:

Rapid group of companies has formed some really strong alliances. It is one of the only 5 companies in
Pakistan who are working with “Saudi Bin Ladin Group” which is the largest construction company in
Saudi Arab (KSA). Rapid has also signed a contract with Sheikh Hamdan-bin-Mohammed Al Maktoum
who is Crown Prince of Dubai to supply manpower for upcoming government projects in Dubai.

 Highly Specialist and Qualified Staff:

Rapid have highly specialist and qualified staff in all the five companies. The competitive advantage of
Rapid Travel & Tourism is that all of the ticketing staff is IATA Certified which means you accepted
worldwide. They have specialist people in their Askari Technical Test & Training Center which provide
training to their clients and make them available and ready to go to foreign countries and do the best job.

 Branches in other countries:

Rapid Group of Companies was founded in 2000. The first branch was opened in Lahore, Pakistan. Now it
has opened more than 6 branches in 3 different countries like Jeddah KSA and Dubai UAE etc. This gives
them advantage that is our customer face any kind of problem in other countries then Rapid can contact
with them and can solve the issues by reference and by every possible way because the customer satisfaction
is very important.

 Fair, Honest and Transparent:

Rapid group of companies are very fair and honest with their customers and provide them visas, tickets and
property papers on time. One of the reasons Rapid is leading in their field is that they are very honest with
their customers and never commit fraud with them. They have very flexibility in customers dealing if the
customers are saying wrong that due to your reason I faced this this problems then they have to accept it
like Sir you are write, because we cannot lose the customers.
  Protocol for foreign delegations:

Rapid provides all kind of facilities to their foreign delegations. Rapid provides 5-Star accommodation,
luxury transport, meals & beverages, city tour and Shopping all free of cost to its foreign delegations.

 Weaknesses:

 Advertisement:

The technology is getting advanced day by day and there are a lot of new and attractive ways to advertise
your products and services. But Rapid is still using old means of advertisement like newspapers. That is the
weak point of it.

 Retired Directors:

The Chairman and directors of Rapid group of companies is retired people they cannot oversee the work
activity and cannot take the full or extra time to the organization.

 Available managers:

There are not sufficient numbers of managers available in Rapid to carry out the company’s operations,
activities and make decisions. That is also the main reasons that the processing system is slow.

 Planning:

 Organizational Goals:

Every organization has its goals and the purpose that the organization exists is its goals. Rapid group of
companies also has it some goals. The current long term goal of the Rapid is to enhance their business and
goodwill among the people of Pakistan. They wanted to have good relationships with clients, tour operators,
markets and domestic airlines.

The long-term organizational goal of Rapid Group of Companies as tour operators is to enhance the good
will of the company by creating good relations with their clients. Their aim is to target maximum companies
to deal with in order to get maximum profit. Rapid group of Companies has highly professional staff to
meet the demands of industrial and commercial concerns along with other multi-national and corporate
clients. They follow the ethics that they should remain honest with their customers. To them the meaning
of success is the inner satisfaction, and inner satisfaction can only happen when company’s all managers
and employees are satisfied from their work and if their customers are fully satisfied then only their
organization can run successfully. They follow a simple principle of Right Man for the Right Job. The
strategy they use to satisfy their customer and employee’s demand is:

 Surety for the Job applied

 Affordable cost package

 Free consultancy and guidance

When the size of the organization increases the organization becomes more mechanistic. The same is the
case here. Since it is a huge organization, the departments have become mechanistic and requires a lot of
work specialization. So the workers are trained according to their field so that they become experts in their
department.

 Strategy:

Establishing an overall strategy for achieving these goals is that this company and his manager developing
plans to coordinate their activities. Their strategy is quite simple that is to provide the best quality of services
of ticketing to the peoples and to their customer in low prices. They also follow the ethics that they are
honest with their customers.

 Satisfactions of customers:

One of their strategies is to satisfy the customers’ demands so they can also sign contract with them in the
future as well. The manager clearly knows that by doing hard work and showing loyalty towards the
customer leads them to fulfill their organization goals. In this organization managers plan for fulfill their
customer’s requirements. For that they use to provide best facilities to the customers.

 Forecasting:

A problem occurs in stated and real goals, when commitment is made to a client i.e. the client’s requests
for visa and if the manager gives him/her a time of 10 days to fulfill their request but due to some problem
from outside the visa delays for 5 more days, this creates problem when dealing with customers. For this
forecasting is done in which future events and weather conditions are predicted for booking tickets.
  Involved persons:

Top management and Middle management are involved in the strategic planning. These managers do their
works according to the strategies and SOP.

 Organizing:

After planning their goals and make strategies according to them Rapid moved towards the implementing
all the strategies that how the tasks are going to divide in jobs and where we have to make changes according
to change in environment. They organize their plans and strategies according to the nature of work, targets,
situation and the company whose work it is. There long term goal is to enhance our business and it goodwill
among the people of Pakistan and different countries, and wanted to have a very good relationships with
their clients, tour operators and domestic air lines. In this situation they organize their planes in this way
that the divide the task and make the jobs according to them make departments that this department will
deal with the customers and their issues, this department ensure the quality of services etc. and make
changes according to the situation or change in external environment. They have to make certain decisions
on the spot for example if other companies wanted to have contract with the large group of companies then
they have to make agreement with some compromise.

 Departments (Departmentalization):

They combine different jobs and make the departments of that particular job. Following departments are
available in the Rapid Group of Company:

 Department of visas tickets sales.

 Administration Department

 HR Department

 Accounts & finance Department

 Security departments

 Departments for Tours in all over the world

There are a lot of people are working in the different departments of the Rapid. And every department has
their own managers to make decisions and to repot only manager.
  Span of Control:

There is also a span of control in the (rapid group of companies) that which number of employees can
efficiently and effectively manage by the manager. The managers also play and participate their full role in
controlling the employees.

 Organization type:

It is a mixture of organic and mechanistic type of organization that is highly adaptive and flexible. They
have mixed of that mechanistic and organic, because Rapid is a huge company and with the increase in size
it goes to mechanistic. They provide a work about mechanistic and also give training about the work
properly. They have many types of work in their organization. They also do a work in organic system to
provide properties and visas and ticketing to people.

 Work specialization

Some people are there who do work on a specific work, because they only know about that work. For
example the ticketing department who do the work of (Ummrah) tickets these members of our organization
who do a work about (Ummrah) ticket they can only do this work and they don’t know about other works.
Because they only have experience in this work so we always assign only this work to them. Some people
do general work and can do many type of work. So we give all type of work to do for these people.

 LEADING:

 Communication:

The communication done inside the organization is through internet via emails or even through personal
interactions. The communication outside the company is done by video conferencing, emails, Skype and
by phone calls. The organization has open door friendly behavior.

 Motivation:

They also motivate their employees to become the future leaders of the world. The managers give the tasks
to the employees and observe them. He provides them proper guidance then if he does any mistake
highlights it. When manager highlight the mistake, the employee learn from it and also learn some
experience from it. So, he doesn’t do that mistake again. If the employees do well then for his motivation
company gives him incentives, awards, cash and also verbal appreciation in front of others.
  Leadership Style:

In the organization there is democratic style of leadership which involving the sub-ordinates, delegating,
authority and encouraging participation.

Mangers get the feedback from his team but do according to his own decision. The manager has the leader
member relations with his team. The employees have confidence, trust and respect for their managers.

 Identification of leaders:

They identify the leaders on the basis of values, ethics, honesty and trust. The manager help the employees
to establish their behavioral qualities of drive, honesty & integrity, self-confidence, intelligence, job
relevant knowledge and extraversion.

 Assessment:

The company analyzes its performance through their annual reports about revenue & expenses and through
customer behavior. Customer behavior means if customers are happy and satisfy with their work they will
come back to them. It is employee oriented as well as product oriented, meaning that with getting their task
done they also take care of the employees. During the interview we found out that they don’t fire their
employees with changing in trends they instead try to improve their performances and skills through
trainings, via Askari training center.

 Conflicts:

The conflicts are resolved by mutual cooperation. As the participation is involved in the decision making
therefore in case of any conflict the issues are resolved by taking in view the consideration of other members
of organization too.

 Controlling

It is a process of controlling monitoring, comparing and improving the organizational problems.

Monitoring:

Ghulam Rasool the head of accounts department keeps monitoring all the employees. For monitoring what
activities are being done and to ensure that every worker is doing their job with honesty and dedication,
certain measures are taken. Since it is a computerized world they use CCTV to monitor and keep check on
the workers activities. Moreover biometric system is used to keep the record of attendance of employees.
Latest Computers are used to store data and records of all important information.
Comparing:

They take feedbacks on regular bases from customers. For example feedback from the customers is taken
after their journey whether they faced any difficulty or they have any issues related to the journey. Other
than that, feed forward is also taken that is that a specific number of stock for tickets is kept so in case it is
more than or less than the required then next time the right number is ordered.

Improving:

If a customer has any queries from a foreign country and if it’s a serious issue then it should be solved by
a visit to that country and a minor issued could be resolved by talking. Backars are used for booking of
ticket and Galilio is used for keeping traveling and routing information other than that open source systems
provide information e.g. newspapers and airlines itself. Due to these systems the problems are being
resolved.

Analysis:

The rapid group of companies is one of the leading organizations providing development of Manpower
expert in a transparent and efficient manner by matching demands of clients and worker in befitting manner.
The company is known for its quality man power services and the hospitality towards their customers
throughout the journey till the customer satisfaction. Moreover the organizational design of the organization
is smooth and is organic in nature. The company is flexible and can adapt to the change that is brought in
the environment. Employees do carry some authorities and participate in the decision making of the firm.
Formal rules are less practiced and the decentralization is also practiced providing more motivation and
participation to the employees. The democratic style of leadership is being followed by the managers
allowing the subordinates to present their point of opinion which really does weighs while making decision.
The employees are recognized and appreciated for the work done well. As they believe that manager plays
a vital role in success or failure of an organization and knows much more about the internal organization
and as well as the dealings of customer so it is essential to take their advice while making a decision. They
are being rewarded monetarily as well as non-monetarily. Planning is done and future strategies of the
organization are also planned which are further trickled down to the different levels of the organization and
the managers do control and monitor the efficiency and productivity of the employees and etc.

There key to success is the honest and delivering of goodwill which enhances their inner strength and keep
them self-motivated.