Running Head: LAKE FRED EXERCISE 1

LAKE FRED EXERCISE

BY: Trinity Good

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY (Sust 2100)

FALL 2019

STOCKTON UNIVERSITY

SUSTAINABILITY, ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOLOGY PROGRAMS

Instructor: Dr. Tait Chrienje

LAKE FRED EXERCISE 2

Table of Contents

Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………....3

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………..4-5

Method…………………………………………………………………………………………….6

Results……………………………………………………………………………………………..7

Discussion…………………………………………………………………………………………8

Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………...9
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Abstract

This lab write up discusses the importance of water quality and how it is essential for

humans to understand where there water comes and how it is regulated. Through data taken from

special instruments, this paper displays the pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and temperature. This

paper contrasts results achieved within a classroom, and results shown from the Environmental

Protection Agency(EPA). There are three major sections in this lab paper: introduction, method,

results, discussion, and conclusion. Each part serves as an important purpose. The introduction

uses brief knowledge on water quality and the experiment done. The method then discusses how

the results were achieved through different techniques. Following the method is the results which

explain whether or not the results were accurate compared to the EPA’s findings. The discussion

and results tie together to understand the mistakes that could have occurred and how to improve

them. Lastly, the conclusion explains all the findings and what actions should be taken in the

future.

Keywords: ​Environmental Protection Agency, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen,

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Introduction

Water quality is essential to the life on this Earth. This paper discusses the importance of

clean water and the initiatives people take to ensure the water people bathe, swim, and

especially, drink is safe. It is important for humans to understand where they are getting their

water from and make sure it is free of pollutants. Water quality is governed under two major

acts, the Safe Water Drinking Act, 1974, and the Clean Water Act, 1972. The SWDA, ensures

that the water humans drink is safe through specific processes that include: screening,

coagulation/ flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, and other additional steps. The

CWA which implements the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEA), to enforce

programs that control pollution.

This paper assesses the findings on Lake Fred in Galloway, New Jersey. In this study

there were four different parameters to understand different aspects of Lake Fred. It is essential

to find measurements for certain parameters in certain bodies of water because it allows the

scientist or researcher, to understand potential differences in the water body. Due to a variety of

water runoff sources such as, storm sewers or water sewage, it is essential to measure different

areas of a water body for accurate results. Based on other studies done on different selected

areas, certain findings demonstrate how multiple water sources are impacted by eutrophication,

sewage, and the medium-to-high density residences.

In order to understand the water quality of Lake Fred, certain measurements were put into

place. The results demonstrate the pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) in mg/L and percent, salinity, and

temperature. The temperature of water indicated a lot of information of the body of water. For

example, if the temperature is high, there is greater biological activity. Most water-living
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organisms tend to navigate to areas that allow them to survive and thrive. The dissolved oxygen

levels in water is also crucial to species survival, especially at the bottom water. Oversaturated

areas can create an oxygen demand and resources will be exceeded. This results in the death of

certain bottom-life species. DO can be measured using a DO probe. Lastly, the pH of water

allows the researcher to understand how basic, or acidic the body of water is. It can indicate

factors such as phytoplankton bloom, due to uptake of CO2. The most common trend throughout

the several lake/pond research studies is how the development of the suburbs affects the water

quality of each body of water. The main point of this paper is to stress the importance of water

quality and to use data to help understand the differences and effects of water quality.
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Method

To acquire the results shown in the results and discussion section, certain steps had to be

achieved. Before finding the measurements done in Lake Fred, there had to be four unique sites

chosen in order to receive accurate results. Each site served a purpose of either being a water

mouth to another water body entrance, under two bridge passes, and lastly the edge of the water

body. Within each site five different measurements were taken along with the longitude and

latitude of each site, and the time recorded. To discover these results a Yellow Springs

Multiparameter Probe (Model YSI Pro2030) was used.

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Results

Figure 1.: Data shown from class findings on Lake Fred, Galloway, NJ.

Figure 2: Data graph taken from the EPA’s assessment on Lake Fred, Galloway, NJ.

Discussion

In order to achieve more accurate results, the sites used to obtain these measurements

could have varied more efficiently. There is currently no data on the EPA’s assessment to

understand which impairments to improve compared to the ones done in class.

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Conclusion

Based off the data and research done in this report, it is now known the importance of

understanding water quality. It is also essential to understand the work behind maintaining

bodies of water, even a small lake or pond. Humans as a species have a significant effect on this

planet and the water systems. Increase in population in suburbs, creates a huge backlash to the

water sources around it. The pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and salinity have a more

significant impact on water than one may think. Lake Fred is safe for swimming, fishing, and

other water activities, yet it should not be trusted as a water consumption source. The water

humans consume needs to be almost completely clear and pass all water tests fully.