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DEPARTMENT OF INSTRUMENTATION

KURUKSHETRA UNIVERSITY
KURUKSHETRA
INTRODUCTION:
Rain Alarm is a device which is used to
give the information is the rain is
occurring as it gives sound when rain falls
between the two aluminium rods. As the
rain drop comes between the two rods
the circuit gets completed and a sound is
produced from the speaker indicating the
falling of rain. It can be used in factories,
open godowns where the goods need to
be protected from rain. It can also be used
as a water level indicator by fixing the two
rods at desired level when water will
reach that level it will automatically
produce sound.
REQUIRED COMPONENTS:

# Plain PCB (Printed Circuit Board) x 1


# PCB Etching Solution (Ferrous Chloride)
# Transistor - (BC547) x 2
# Resistor - (10k) x 1 (100 ohm) x 1
# Polyester Film Capacitor - (0.22uF) x1
# LED (Light Emitting Diode) x 1
# Buzzer - x 1
# DC Switch - x 1
# Battery - (9v) (with battery cap) x 1
# Sencer Probe - (Any Two Wires)
# Small Thermocol - x 1
# Small Scotch-Brite - x 1
# Double Sided Tape - x 1
Explain Circuit :- The circuit diagram of
rain alarm using a Dailigton transistor pair
(BC457 transistor) is shown circuit
diagram. The rain alarm ckt is built with
the following active components such as
sensor using two any wires, Darligton
transistor pair. These transistors are
mainly use to increse the capacity of
current amplification enormously. When
water drops or rain drops fell on the
sensor, then the base of the transistor will
connect to the positive supply to activate
the alarm.
Circuit diagram:
Working of Rain Alarm :
The aluminium tubes (rain sensors) are
fixed on plastic plate with a small distance
between them. The plastic plate is
immersed in water taken in a beaker.
Presence of water between the aluminium
tubes effects circuit adjustment.
When switch P is closed current flows
through the speaker and an audible note is
produced. The alarm is on.
When water is removed from the beaker or
the tubes are taken out of water, alarm
becomes dead.
When a rain alarm is set up according to
circuit diagram and is connected to input
A-C source then its working starts.
Since when there is no water droplet
complete and speaker doesn’t produce
sound. But as soon as rain starts water
drop comes between the two rods the
circuit gets completed and speaker starts
giving sound.

Applications of Rain Alarm Project:


1.In the irrigation, it will detect the rain
and immediately alert the farmer.

2.In automobiles, when the rain


detector detects the rain it will
immediately active the wipers and
inform to the driver.

3.In communications, it will boost the


power of the antenna and increase the
signal strength to send or receive the
signals.

4.In normal house hold, with the help


of rain water detector we can
automatically save the rain water.
(This can be done only when home
automation is done and equipment to
save the rain water. In this, rain water
detector will detect the rain and helps
to switch ON the equipment which will
automatically save rain water for
different purposes.)

5.This can also be used if there is a


chemical rain also. This is very
common in industrial area.
Advantages:
1.It is very cheap.
2.The battery last very much.
3.Not risky.
4.No harmful effect.
5.The circuit can be made by everyone
Disadvantages:
1.It doesn’t tell about the speed of the
rain which is fallen on the roof.
2.It will send signal or the led will be
glowing until the detector becomes wet
3.It something is over that then the
detector will not work until it gets wet.
4.There are so many problem that you
will face when you will make this circuit
THANK YOU

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