7.

0 Recording the Cadastral Data

7.1 EDM Calibration Form
7.2 recording methods
7.2.1 Angle and bearing observation
The observation is start by using assumed from Pre-comp
values. When angle and bearing is being observed it must be observe
on 2 faces. Bearing and angle observation must be nearest to 01”. If
there is a different when you make a reading on both faces, the
different in reading must below than 20”. If the difference exceeded
20”, you need to re-observe because there is something wrong when
you make the first observation. Vertical angle must be recorded on the
first reading at the new day of doing survey works.
7.2.2 Distance observation
Distance measurement is make in direct measurement but only
horizontal distance will become final distance. Distance must be
observe in both faces where it cannot be exceeds 4mm. if the distance
observation is exceeds 4mm, observation must be do again on distance
measurement.
7.2.3 Angle and Distance Checking
Boundary line and hanging line must be checked except if there
is a prove that prove these boundary and hanging line is still in the
actual position. All distance can be checked by changing the vertical
angle or observing in different directions.
7.2.4 Method of Data Recording Using Fieldwork Book
Each observation must be recorded using the standard format as
regulated that provided from DSMM. When observer record their work
they need to fill in some of requirement in Fahrasat. Recorded data
must be fill in, at the real time using black ball pen only. Pencil is not
allowed when recorded the data in field book. Overwriting the data
also prohibited in recording cadastral data.

7.3 numbering the stations

When we do the re-survey works, we need to number the station on the field
work. Integer is used to numbering the station. When numbering the station, it must
be according to the order they are observed. When the station number is used, it can’t
be used for another station. Station number only can be used once for each survey.
 7.4 Fieldwork diagram

8.0 Corrections
8.1 Correction on Bearing Misclosure ‘C’
C correction is calculated when there is a different between the actual
bearing and the bearing that being observed. After the traverse worked is
complete, it must be checked if there is C correction needed to be calculated.
C correction is only can be used in closed traverse. When correction is
calculated, C correction will be written likebelow:

Statement of “C” correction:

‘ Line ___ to ___ read as ___o ___’ ___”
Should be read as ___o ___’ ___”
Bearing Misclosure is ___o ___’ ___” in ___ stations from
__,__,__,__, & __
“C” correction ± ___o ___’ ___” per station

Bearing misclosure can be checked by the formula:

Bearing misclosure + Last observed bearing – 1st observed bearing

 8.2 Correction on meridian ‘M’
There is two type of M correction which are M correction with solar
and ‘M’ correction from solar. ‘M’ correction be applied if there is any
difference between traverse meridian and actual meridian. ‘M’ correction is
done to make sure that the observed bearing referred to a true meridian by the
True north. Meridian misclosure can be checked by Meridian Misclosure =
Assumed Bearing – True Bearing. ‘M’ correction will be write like below
after being calculated:

Statement of “M” correction:

Line ___ to ___ read as ___o ___’ ___”

Adp. Az with solar ___o ___’ ___”
“M” correction ± ___o ___’ ___” each station

9.0 Solar observation

Solar observation is the scientific endeavour of studying the Sun and its
behaviour and relation to the Earth and the reminder of the Solar System. Azimuth
determination from solar observation has been practiced by surveyor for centuries.
Solar observation is done by point to a reference mark and the sun and read the
azimuth of the line instantly. Solar observation must be done when carry out a
cadastral work because it is to determine the datum. Apart from determine the datum,
it also used to determine the true bearing before starting the Cadastral work. It is
advisable to refer to certified plan or pre-comp. True Bearings are used when we want
to re-fix the damaged or lost boundary stones.

Solar observation can be carried out either in the morning or afternoon. This is
because the azimuth of the sun is changing slowly. During noon, the azimuth and
altitude always changes which make it difficult for the observer to observe the sun.
When the sun is too low in the altitude, refraction in the atmosphere causes accurate
targeting not possible. The vertical angle observed must be between 15 – 30
exceptions to certain cases. Each solar observation requires 2 set of observation and
each set consist of 2 observation of the sun.