yy KIPS|SS.2"5 Rejaicing Years of Glory With 3 00-+Givil Servants and Counting ENGLISH ESSAY | NOTES ‘The Largest OSS Preparaary network Patistan Labore| Faisalabad | Mulan | Rewind Felamabad | Pestawar | Kareci| Abbotabad Ti Aibak Glock, Garden Town, Lahore. [| @ Kpscsnet : HOPS C5 Network [Near Muake Azam Banauet Halllx - Ph cars coe © restawan cases need Kipsies 225 Remubengtod | a PREPARATION = University owen, —osreunivan une sss Aejicing Years of Glory With 1200 + Gil Servants ae Cuming. ; Syllabus PAPER: ENGLISH ESSAY (100 MARKS) Candidates will be required to write one or more Essay in English. A wide choice of topics | will be given. | Candidales-are expected lo reflect comprehensive and research based knowledge on a selected topic. Candidate's arficulalion, expression and technical treatment of the style of English Essay writing will be examined, | Mn it SS Pe atry Hater in PROTA 2a AALABO INR MarR eARNE pence | OFFICE 5 | Block Gosden Town, Lahore. @ kipscesnet gle Ac Barut al) HAs cas awarewy lapsi¢ Rejoiang Years af Glory Wiff200 1 Givil Servants and Counting jow to Write an Essay parte: Writing Your Essay Revising Voue Essay | Writing a Persuasive Ussay Writing an Expository Essay Write a Narcative Essay | FAQ's i ‘Throughout your acadeanie career, you will usually be asked to write an essay. You may work On an assigned essay for class, enter an essay contest or write essays fer college admissions. Similarly, {athe arena of Competitive Examinations the candidates are asked to rite a standard Essay. This article will show you the writing and revision pracesses For all types af essays. Then, it will explore how to ywrite narrative, persuasive andl expository essays. | Writing Your Essay 1 i i Research the fopi. Before you enter the examiration hall you ust acquaint yourself with sufficient information and equip yoursell'with enough knowledge fo write essays om 2 wide ange of topics. Go onfine, head to the library. or search an academic: database or read newspapers. Get hold of the wae papers Practice a few essays. Kary which sources are acceptable. Get equipped with a certain number of primary sources and secondary sousées? ‘Can you use: Wikipedia? Wikipedia is oftcn a good starting point for learning about 2 topic, but srany examiners won't let you cite because they want you fo find more authoritaive sources. “Take derailed riotes, Keeping: track of which facts come froin which sources. Write down your Sources in the correct citation format so that you do not ave to go back and look them up again later. Never ignore facts and claims that seem to disprove your original idea or claim. A good essay writer either includes the contrary evidence and shows why such evidence Is aot valid or alter: his or her point of view in light of the evidence. : Page No | [OSS Peta eta Pin | Rev. aahadl Peshawar Nar | taba eeeae Ls, = si IPS CSS= PMS ”* wa K | PREPARATION " Rejicing Year of Gory With 1300% Cll Serv, 6 and Counting. 2 | a ‘Analyze well-written essays. In your research, you will probainly come seross really well wiiton (and "ot 59 well written) arguments about your topie. Do some analvzis 16 Sce what iakes them work. + What claims does the author make? aes ° | Wie’ do they sound good? \s it the logic. the sources, the wri vg, the structure? Ig if saméthing, | else? F + What evidence does the author present? a © | hy does the evicenee sound credible? How do the autor present facts, and what ixhishher | approach telling a stor with fc? : : | 1s the logic sound or faulty. and! why? | Floris the fogie sound? Docs the author back wp hisMhercinrns with examples that re easy | Follow? 3 —Sestnstorm your own ideas-Surc, you can use the arguments of others te hack up what you want t9 say. However, you need to come up with ‘Your original spin on the topic to inake tt uniquely yours. + (Make lists of ideas. You can also ny mind maepins [Take your time. Walk in your neighborhood or Local Par and think about your topic. Be [prepared for ideas to come to you when you feast expect thin, ae Piet your thesis statement. * Look atthe ideas that you generated. Choose ane fo three of your strongest ideas that support your topic. You should be able to support these ideas with evidence from your research. + Weitoa thesis staesnent that summarizes che ideas that you plan to present. Essential by. For the teader know where you're going and why 7 + Athesis statement skould havea narrow focus include hoth your topic and what ‘you plan to present. Forexample, “Although Eli Whiteey's cotton gin ushered! in cr neve erin ef American Prosperity; else widened the gap in suffering for African-American slerwes eho would soon ‘Be mare in demand_ are! more exploited than ever. e A thesis statement should not.ask a question. be written in First person (*I"). roam 6fE-topie ar Be combative.eR Ff a as a KIPSIGIS oo er PREPARATION 7 oicing Years of Glory Wil 2004+ Civil Servants. ‘gud Counting. 5 Plan your essav- the choughts that you brainstormed and assemble them into an Ouline Write @ topié sentence for your mai undemeati, make bullet points and list your supporting | - ts or picces of evidence to support each main idea. evidence. Generally, you want three argument life hardier om African Araerican sleres. + Topic sentence: “Eli Fhitmey's custom gin ered i harder for slaves to purchase their own freedom. g- "The success of cotton mad: Eg. "Many northera slaves were in danger oF being kidriapped and brought down south to | work in the eaton fields” min 1780, before the cotton gin, slaves in America torated about 700.000. I million. a 70% increase." | Take! ideas. Then, + Eg. Jn 1810. after the cotton gin had beon adopted, slaves totaled about | i 6 ‘Write the body of your essay. ner wants quality material. Hoveever, you should free write pages and pages ‘You do want to think about fensth here; do n rlae to let your thoughts reveal Examit themselves, You ean always make therm mors concise. <<". Avoid sweeping generalizations. Statements such as" can cause your reader fo dismiss your position out of hand if helshe ‘ "ig a sianificand global problem” is more Facing the world today,” Gigagreas WHR you fn the other hand," accurate | «Do mol use "I" statements such as It Likewise, avoid the personal pronouns "you" i we," my." "your or “owe”. Simply stating your argument with supporting facts makes ya sound auch more authoritative Instead of writing, “| found Kim to have 2 conservative bles” tell the reader why your statement is true: “Kim displays a conservative bias when he writhi. EE jatreduetion. Your title and introduction make people want to cr will read the whole piece. However, iFyou are submitting sction have ta hook: ‘Come up with a compelling tithe an cad your essay. Of course, your exa to anessay contest oF writing an essay for vall reader if' you want to meet your objectives. | «= Skip obvious expressions such as, “This essiy is about, “The topic of this cssay is" or“ “i now show that”. bes oe “Tey the inverted pyri formula, Star with a wecy Bruad description of your topic and | thesis statement. Try 10 use no more than 3 {03 lege admissions. your title and iatradu gradually narrow it down fo your specific sentenecs for short essays. md no more than one pau Tor longer essays. Page NO 2: ated Faisal | Minden awalpi stomabad | Peshawar | ata | Abbetiaba.WP KIPS|cscens PREPARATION Rejricing Years of Glory With 1200 ¢. Gil Servaints and Counting . Ina sense, you are sur concluding paragraph by Keiping the reader io Keep the punetuations accurste. To Properly use quotation marks, # exchunation. paints, Checks pour statements. + Lbok for mistakes in volving (tnafthen. youriysut ~ toluse apostrophes corrceityRejuicang Years Kat 200+ ae sence Counting... Remove any repetitive or vunccessary words. Vary your language. Mater your skills with the heip ofa thesaurus. Also, covsull a dictionary co make sure that you ave using unfamiliar words eaeraetly in an examination situation. | + Atthe same time, try tokcep your languaye short, sweet, and (0 the point. A thesaurus is a feat ool but donot jest use big wards to sound faney. Te best essays axe clear, concise, and easily understood by a wide audience, | + Focuson writing killer verbs for sentences, Veris conunuaicate the action in a sentence and drive the action. A great verb can be the difference between a bland sentence and a beautiful ‘one. | + Use adjectives lightly. Adjectives are great descriptive words, but when used indiscriminately. they can burden an cssay and make it less readable. Try.to let the verbs and nouns do stele the heavy lifting before you focus on adjectives. a sae Avoid colloquial (informal) writing, 9 not use contractions oF abbreviations (e-g..dos't. can, wont, shouldn't, could've, or havent). Youressay should have a serious tone. évén if itis wrilien|ina—— light or lyrical style. | 6 Analyse how your essay flows. Does cach sentence lead smoothly to the next? Does each = flow logically to the next? Good connections will help your ideas to flow: + When events happen in chronologies! sequence | ‘+ [fsentences elaborate on each other. + When an idea contrasts with another idea. : | + Ifyou are relaying a cause-and effet lationship * When coniecting similar ideas a | | Fr esi : i ‘Cut inforniation that is not specifically related to your {opic. You do not want your essay to rainble fF topic. Any information that does not directly or indirectly support your thesis should be cur out Page No 3 | CSS Pega meteor it Patil ls File Rip | seer Echte ¢ i W KIPSisscrms : PREPARATION = rs Reqaicng Years of Glory With 12004 Civil Servatics and Counting & 2 : g Rewrite any problematic body passaged. (needed, rearrange sentences and paragraphsintoa Giffereat order, Make sure that both yout conelusion and inérodueiion match the chaages that you make rode body. : ae eer clear purpase. A persuasive essay is designed to sway the reader to. adopt YOUF int oF view abour atopic. These aie gocd examples of persuasive essay topics you might write about: ~. + Whether love isa virtue or 4 vice. ech «Why cilizens shoold be foreea ti vor : * Education makes people eaty to lead. bucdifficutt w drive, easy io govcen, but impossible to enslave, : é 2 Write your essay as though yOu are conducting a debate. When you speak in adebate, pou introduce your topic, list your evidence and draw a concluston for the peaple who are listening: A persuasive essay has a similar structure, i: f s : : < : ere ‘Collect faets from-200d sources to ily Your opinians. Support your argument with reasoned facts./A well-written essay is great, but a well-argued essays undeniable : * Me adsition to doing research, you can perform empirical experiments including taking” sirveys; ‘doing interviews or conducting experinents. Survcy results or interviews could be great picces of information to staet your essay, im + | Tella story about the facts. Do not just list the facts; tell u story! Par ckamplc: "Since thé death | penalty has been reinsiated, more than 140 iimates om death cow have been released ater | evidence proved them innocent. Ask youre? How would yu like tbe on fos 14 wrongfully convicted inmates?” 7 ;“Rejoicing Years of Glory With 1200+ Givil Servants and Counting... 4 : 2 Discuss conflicting opinions. Present the other side of your argument and use logic and facts to show why the other side's opinion is either inaccurate of not up-to-date. T For example: "Some people argue that dhe death penalty acts as a deterrent (0 crime, Time affer|time, evidence has disproved this theory. The death penalty, in fuer, does nolactas a deterrent to ciaye! The South in USA accounts for 80% of US executions and has the highest regional murder rate." | 5 ie all your ideas together ia a gripping conclusion. Be sure to stress your thesis. or what you are arguing for or against, ong last fime. Use some of the information you have discussed. or a story you Writing an Expository Essay 1 | + ~-Choase a subjest for your essay. You will be investigating 3 topic and presenting an argument bout the topie based on evidence. } Expository essays differ {rom pessasieeessrrrbeesuse you are not stating an opinion. Yau are! stating facts that you can back up with research. 2 ‘Select your strategy and stcueture. Some ‘common strategies and structures for expository wrt ‘include; i + Definitions. Detinition essays explain the meaning of terms or concepts. | ‘+ Classification. Classification essays organize a topic into groups starting with the most general ‘group and narrowing down to groups that are mare specific. + Compare aad eoatrast. ta this ype of essay. you will describe either the siitarities and differences (or both) between ideas or concepts. | ‘Cause and effect. These essays explain how topies affect each othér and how they are | . How-to essayi explain the steps required for completing.a task ora procedure wit of instructing the reader, ng ‘ Page No7 | | | . | inPlian Lene frintat |Meat | Postwar SitarcSS—PMS « 2 sc | ee KIPS PREPARATION Rejaiang Years of Glary With 1200+. Crl Servants and Counting. 3 Keep your views unbiased. Expository essays aré aot about opinions: ‘They are abour drawing a condlusion based on Verifiable evidence, This menus keeping youit perspective balaneed and focusing ‘on what the facts tell you, 8 bunch of scientific evidence supportin ig global Warming, vou ut least have to-consider revising what YyOur essay is about. 4 Use the Excts to felt the story. The fats will tell the sory itsell'i you let them ‘Think lke 9 journalist when writing an expository ‘say. Ifyou put down all the facts like a reporter. the story should tel itself Write a Narrative Essay 1 | ; ‘Tell your story vividly and accurately. A narrative essay recounts am incident that either you or others have experienced. Ina narrative essay, you could describe a personal experience in whieh Tncludd all of the elements of pod storytelling. You charactérs, climax and conclusion, 2 : = Introduction; ‘The beginning. How are you going to sot. the story wp? Is there something useful 4c important here that gets mentioned later on? oy bs Setting: Where the action takes place, What does it Isak like? Which wondé.can you use te 1 Make the reader feel like they are there when they read it? 5 5 = Flot: What happens? The neat Ste: story, the essential sction.-Whiy is the Hoey worth telling? + Characters: Who is i the story? What does the story fell us bout the characters? What dp te laced un introduction, setting, plot.af KIPS|/ccecems Refacing Years of Gly With 1200+ Givil Servantsand Counting _ + Clima: The suspenseful bit before anything is fesolved’ Are we left hanging on the edges of our seat? Da we need to know what happens next? i + Conclusion: How everything resuives. What does the story mean in the end? How have. sings, people, ideas changed now tat the cnd is sevcaled? 3 Mave a clear poiat of view, Most narrative essays are written fram the author's point of view, bs can also consider other perspectives as long as your point of view is consisteiit. = Utilize the pronoun "I if you ure the narrator. In a narrative essay, you can use first However, make sure that you do not averd ‘you state facts or opinions in third person 1m all essays, you sound more authoritative if | 4 Make a point. You are telling & story, but the purpose of the story is to make a specifi point. Introduce your main idea in your thesis statement, and make sure thar all of your story elements! back fo your thesis stat What did! vou Fearn? How is your essay an exploration of the things that you ledmed? | + Haw have you changed? How is the "you" that started the essay different from the “you"|now? Related to, but different from, the “what did you learn?" question. | S-Choose your language carefully. You will use words to evoke cmotions in your reader, so chp ‘your words deliberately. AQ’: ase 1 { | Mow da you begin the introduction? - I Start with a great fact, story, quotation or compelling idea, and then grow from there. If you are stuck, many writers save their intro until the end once they knove the actual direetion and evidence in the rest of the essay. Uow many paragraphs are in an essay? : Itdepends on what the topic is about, Navitally all essays have en Introduction, paragraphs explaining "the most iimpartant things abost the theme and «conclusion. ‘How do [conclude the bady parageaph? | “You do not have to conclude the body paragraph in any particular way, That is what the conclusion graph is for 5 Page No 9 - | ato ais | Mabon Ravapin | Isamalad | Pestawar [Nara Shbouabat, aiAS KIPSicscems Rejoicing Years of Gory Wien 200% Gui Servants and Counting” 3¢¢ ane of the hallmarks of éiTeetive writing. Whee | phrased repeatedly. You do net have to be a the sau Sparkle > ey Sea oF hen" AEi sane cin eis ogi Sentences the dull Paitcrn of “subject +. verb + direct object.”- * = Practice! Practice! Practice! ; a In dhe end, though, remember that sood writing dats not happen hy accident ‘Although we have endeavored 10 explain everything that oes I preetive essay weiting ia as clear and eqneise a way 25 hossible, itis much casier in theary than itis fe, practice. Sestcipieges at first. a bit of regular practice will soon cl when it comes to the real thing, : More Tips Do not procrastinate ar you will fied no tiene to fineRefer to all illuswariyns and i urns us Figure |. 2, 3. ete. You can refer to tables and charts as Table |. 2,3. etc. or as figures. Photos can be referred to as Photo |, 2, 3. te., oras figures. Avoid including a figure hae you do nat specilically mentign in the body of the essay, Avoid the following: Making colunins of paint: tari lists. | | Making a comma-spliced fist an ide a parcigaph. Using et cetera (etc.) at the end of list. When exantingrs See “etc.", they interpret it to mean, “and f can’t think of aiything clse." Bullet point every idea that you have before weiting each section. This gives you a good point to look for ideas, rather thar being reliant on memory and risking losing useful points. Bo not rush every. - bur also do not take toe loag to weite your essay. Think about the! main _a, ideas as a priority before tackling the less iamportant parts.~“"+-— . Do not divert your attention c9 otter ays while wei am essay, I Make your essay interesting. si that people understand and-wkew keer micros ii——— ‘Suarting and ending can help the most. Imagine yourself tw be the person who is reading aa write it the way it would have impressed you, : Make sure you are very clear and your-essay makes sense Make sure that there are no grammatical enrors. i Warning | Avoid pla iarism. Parenthetically reference or footnote all borrowed quotes, facts and ideas that are fat your owa eves if you are rewording them. Most examiners ean quickly spot plagiarism, wiicl can be verified either by search engine or plagiarism-detection software. You ean even be charged with plagiarism for reusing mareriat that you ime already writ as you are expected to crete new coheat “every time. Plagiarism is @ scrious offense in the academic world; candidates can be penalized for ate asd Man | ain | saad | Pestavarl Marr Abbott | | | | | $ |KiPs ess-— EMSs PREPARATION Rejoicing Years ceclec With 1200+ Civil Servants and Counting. Essay Topics . CSS Past Papers Education - Meaning and purpose of Education Co-edutation (Merits and Demerits) Education and ecovemy ducation and religion ducation in Pakistan | Education and globelization | Education policy in Pakistan and the wortd viii, Role of media in Edveation ix. Education of freedom x. Education of Peace xi, Teatheds role sii, Leadership and! Education Examination system (reforms) ‘Women Education and itsrole in social development Education and internationalism co poe ‘Agreaethaal Education in Pakisan | Spare the rod and spoil the child | Education and knowledge rise___Siduration ic the panaeea for all evils [xc Edis makes peopl easy to lead, bu ficult so drive a8y 10 gover, bet impossibe tn lave Education and formation of character! character building, ‘Objectives of education Mhigher education Higher education’ education a sn agent of change xeiv. Edusatign and discipline [xxv. Privatizing tighee education- generating hnowledgc-oc making more money fthe opent vail, Separate universities for women xix. The education industry soot. Education for varied talents sose, Wht is wrong with our Education system? Give a charter of impravement Critical analysis of Baucation system of Pakistan 1. Our fares in the: Education system vec. English as medium of Education 5 ‘Nation is raised in the classroom 2oowii. Campus violence and declining Education standards zoo. Only a progressive education atall levels can ensure national progress. 2. Knowledge - Knowledge explosion in Modem World Js knowledge like vituc its own reward? fii, Knowledge demands love as its compliment Ti agent SS Prapartoe hetroek PESTA sf a 9 | RARELY AAD PIO EAC DOFCE | @ psesinet 12 Aibsk Block, Garden Town, Lahore, S 2SS KIPS/sss— ems Rejoicing Years of Glory With 1200+ Civil Servants and Counting... -equal to men in Pakistan / World? Vil. He ideology of Pakistin ee s i. Women Rights in Islam z : : ‘nc: Education of Women : z : x Role of Women in Economic Prosperity xi, Role of Women in i 3 f.Men are from Mars and Women are fiom Venus ig xiv. Frilty, Thy faame is woman 2Y. Are sports sultable for womsn or not? : xvi, Women Sports Persar as ambassadors of soft image of Pakistan Separate Universities for Women. ’ Eeminism it not really athird world iseise g os bx: Wontcr in sports-a new challenge to cope with. Soke ballin aid Morticy- ee oe * Hii, Disadvantages of being a gentleman ; 2 iv. Self Estcere z : v. Piety at Public Expense a S vi. Role of Sports in Character Building + vii, Moral Depravity is the root cause af poverty ésh Unpaet of Socio Cultural factors on personality development Dynamic Developments in Pakistan's Social Structures ‘iv. Social Evits a ¥. Popular Suporstitions vi, 18 Small family a prosperous family? fe eases = 1 Pak i soiety. is woman angel in the house or toot of all evils? © ill. iiucation and Social Development srs i “Shcial ole of a writer 3 . Alfist leader of civilized society oe xi, Formal and ensual dressing codes. =| ee Xt, Homan development must be objective ofall other development = if. is backward because its poople'are backward? |.4, Civiliatioa ie maulded by books 7 ii, Pakistan's Culaural Situation ili. Process of Modemization in Pakistan iv. Gast iscast and West is west and never the twain shall mest ‘y._ laflusnce of religion on civilization \ vi. Postmodern ethas-a challenge tothe West Vii, Lookcto the East for holistic progress viii-Our cultural heritage ix. Cyber culture: a mixed blessing. . | E., Spiritual suffering — ‘The sick soul ‘Suffering of soul in scientific age Materialism is the death of spirituality . Life- Purpose af life on earth Reverenee for life iii, Lie ig a tale told by an idiot iv. Philosophy in life ~ y. Alife isa game of power. The subjest of the game ‘want and to get it G. Enviegamentisisaster Global warming i Industrial development and envirenenental pollution i Deforestation ‘Govt Should eliminate subsidies and incentives for manufacturers and consumers of electric cars they are costly and do nat do enough to protect environment Floods in Pakistan | Disaster management Earth quakes | Disaster and end of time e | Manis condemned to be free | ‘Manas part of design waster than himself | Blow, blow thou winter wind i “Thou art at so kind i ‘As man’s in gratitude: | Man is the slave of habit , i (Child is the father of man | Man propose and God disposes | ‘What a piece of work is man says tagedy what a picce of wark indead says comedy | Man was bom free but everywhere in chains | Man ges what he strives for (Al Quran) | Man docs not live by bread alone | ‘Human is born equal in dignity and sights but shackles, | a : | rece ta ur SasUCAD PEARARN @ripscssnet -| ELIPS C55 Netwoskcss — PMS PREPARATIO Nw Servants and Counting. ‘The apparel oft proctaims thie man ‘ ‘Human kind cannot bear much of reality {It winter comes can spring be fi behind » When life throws lemon make lemonade aeier A living dog is better than a dead lion. i A ing of boauty is joy forewer ‘There fs in affairs of men which ten at the Moods leads onto fortine - Blessings and joys of adversity Sweet are the uscs of adversity Prosperity is a great teacher, adversity is greater etter to reign in hell than fo serve in beaven | United we stand divided we fall xi. | The way to hell is paved with goad intentions xi, | How sharper than a serpents tooth its to have a thankless | Ball may a flower is born to unseen ‘And waste its sweetness on the desert air xiv.| And eat and drink, but be not prodigal, Lo! Fie leveth nat the prodigal (Al Quran) | Not everyone chains is subdued (Cowands dhecmameIESESTEPITE their death—The: valiant ncwer taste of death but once ‘Hankering after the past is an admission of one's ability to shape the fature Nothing is so selfbinding ae self-ightcousness None but the brave deserves the far ‘And who is saved from narrow miodedness such are they wiho are successful (Al Quran) We never know the worth of water tll the well is dry ‘Tom aoc te check in scom towards the fo nor wae with permess in the Find (Al Quran) Justice delayed is justice denied Revenge is a wild kind of justice Uf you withthe symtty of broad manes then you muse hem the cra nd nos pi ings Experience is the name every one gives to their mistakes tis not only fine feathers that make fine birds Self-conceft may lead to self destruction Hie who eats the fruit should at least plant the seed ‘The best plase to find a helping; hand is atthe end of your arin Tih time we lve iis the winter ofthe world Only the wisest and stupidest of men never change (Confucius) i. Young habits die hard ‘A long dispate means both parfics are wrong Brains like hearts go where they are appreciated “There comics time to put aside principles and do what i right We grow too soon old and tpo late smart és Every solution breeds now problems * s : [Dreams for Tature ely on the ware play oF today Time management isthe key note fo success, Health is nota condition of matter butof mind “(~~ ‘There is no grest geciis without a mixture of madiness : ‘Beggars cannot be choosers = IE gold rust what shall fron do- 3wey KIPS|S8255"5 Servants and Counting. Rejoicing Years of Glory With 1200+ lv. - Letine take care of today tomorrow shall ke care of itself xdvi.Ofall the needs a book has, the chie( need is that it be readable dvi, One today is worth too tamorraws xiv Our sweet songs are those that tell of saddest thoughts lie. 1 —_Necessity is the mother of invention ‘All that gtivers is aot gold ‘Tne higher you go up, the harder you Fall S Desioeriy - Gensral philosoplny. reality and facts about Demecracy Evolution of Demoersey and the present age Democratic society Democracy is 3 culture not a process. Democracy in Pakistan Education and Democracy are intertwined Democracy and mass illiteracy do not go together For Democracy to survive let Press (Media suffer no curbs Local govemment system self-government Institations and Democracy Democratic thoughe a | Links of freedom of expression and Democracy | Desncctnay al jc | Democracy and human rights. | ‘An un-tslanié government can survive burartyranaycan not | | islam and Democracy! Democracy in Islam 1s Democracy to more suited to Muslim genius Democracy and seqnomic- prosperity Role of Deraoeracy in developing counsries omocsacy is the panacea forall economic and politica evils Party system in Democracy is Democracy out of dale? - For forras of government, lai fools contest; whatever is administered best is best Buture of Democracy in Pakistan and world Votes of vicious end stupid Benevolent despotisa Politics Politics is the art af possible | Strategy of political warfare | Personalization of Pakistani politics | Colitis isthe only profession for which no profesional waiing and thought ts oocssary | | | ‘Statcsmen and diplomats ‘Effects of Politics an common man * Blectoral reforms fs Imperialist designs ‘Concept of national sovereignty is out of date Purification of Politics isan iridescent dream | Being aminority is a fate no-one wants, can nationalism be really inclusive? | 35 Preparatory etorcin ARSTAN oyu tir ALA AAD PEARS AA OFFICE i { ic Block Garden Tou. Lahore. Bhkipscssnet fj RPS CSS Network| zs 3 eo asta to KIPS | Sss.,PMs y i PREPARATION Rejoicing Years of Glory With 1200+ Civil Servants and Counting... 7. Istam/Religion/Mustica Ummah — (slamiyat Prep) i Tne : ii) Relevance of Islam to Science Mustien Ummah atthe crass roads Religious Toleration : i Hoes Faith unites — Dogma divides 2 Renaissance of the Muslim World ~ Prospects and Perils | Social Justice in fslam viii Value of faith in a computerized world in, | alam wis West x, |Ighal’s reinterpretation of islam: d. |The image of isan in nestem warld and Responsibilities of Maslin Ummah Pluralistic Vision OF islam xiiijRole of Zakat in Society Building iviPence and Love the essential message of Ista vw. Religion and Seience xvi slam in the post-modern world. Cifrent Afisirs i Global Bnergy Crisis ii Energy Crisis in Pakistami: Causes and Consequences Conservation Poliey and Politics: Management Peacefil uses of nuclear energy vil. Solar enespy i. Water Crisis and National Unity ix. End of cheap gi} x. Oilglut and implications on balance of power xi, Nuclear Technology and third world war 2a Nuclear weapons nat only a great peril but2 great hape crit, Nuclear Power Program in Pakistan B. Meta Truth ‘Truth is a rare commodity despite media freedom ‘The search for truth i. Truth in short supply iv. Media and opinion formation Vv. Power of Media in World and Pakistan vi. Role of Media i Society Vii. Social Media and end to true relations Vill Social Media an arent of change ; “ix. Media Politics i ae 1 disapprove of what: say but will defend to death your rigit to Say it(Vltsie) cmon Dg tee et an : Tie atof convention fhe a oftearing well bring hod.wey KEP SISSEREN Rejoicing Years of Gtory With 1200+ Civil Servants and Counting... iv, Free spocch should have limitations | ¥. Press freedom and responsibility | i. Liberalism Eternal vigilance is the price of libexty Personal liberty is the paramount essential to human dignity ‘errorism- fntecnasional Crisis in Terrorism Rarharic Ethnic Cleansing ‘The War da terror has contributed to the growing abuse of human rights v. Seourge of Sectarian military and etlnic violence in Pakistan and World ¥v.. Dialogue isthe best course to combat terrorism vi. War on Terror end its impact on our psyche. on politica sacia ecanamic fronts i, Violence is the last refuge of the ineompeteat E, International Relations / Globalization— (LR PREP) i, International Morality |. Sino — American Relations Pakistan's response to-changing regional situation iv. Necd of Moral Standands in Inicmalional Relations vv. Pakistan ard The Muslin World ise vi. Muslim World is burning, ae vii. National Dynarism and islamic Internationalist viil-Past and Future Prospootive of Nuclear Disarinament, | ix, Balance of Power x. My proposal fora peacefil world | ad is Right at adventof 21" Century | xxii. Muslim perceptions of West and Vice Versa | xiii World as 2 global village: Learning to live together. {i srcean oon anche athe og ening wil en ei ater | “xv. Globalization: 2 new form of eolosialism -xvi-Orient in is new mood. ‘F. War and Nuclear Weapons — (ER PREF, i Sectarian Wars Nuclear Contamination Pakistan's Nuclear Energy Program alternative sconaries iv. Danger of Nuclear War vy, Non Proliferation Treaty and Pakistan fand Warld vi. Great Natioas win without Fighting vil, Let there be tight says God, And there was light Let There'be blood says mn and there 628 iL The more developed a.country, the more lethally itis armed ix, Are modem wars not Holy wars? G. United Nations - (LR Prep) i. UNO as failed to measure up to the demands ofits chatter B UN in 21° Century ~ Obligations and Limitations 2 Reforms in UNO iv, 70 years of UNO— A critical evatuation | ¥, UN triumphs and failures vi. Role of" world in UNO A | Melagert 5 Preparatory Merwe nPAST AO EASALABAO UH ALR LAA APEC AR HEAD OFFICE z e a @hipscrenet STabek dock, Garten Town. tore eee eee ‘Mugle Azam Banquet HallWHR 1200+ Civil Servants and Countin, ait Mote ard more miliary eozagements ry the United Nations, isthe world moving towards peace? HL Aainoiistration ALarif Cortuption- 3 _ : Goad Governance ace e ‘Crisis of g00d governance in Pak ‘The Sanctty of Law Need for cforms end insiution building.” indulge in Bribery, ane fepotism and tustice and extortion and deceotion without ni; puting an eyelid iThe believes inhereaher? ‘confuse bad management with destiny” Ce Bone Beonomy righ, get tha pales igye ~~ Competitive reaits of planned Eronoy New Economic world order” Progress =. ‘Growing debt problem of 3* word Role of agriculture in Pakistan's Con capitalism survive without interest roe nt and population growth ivigation in Pakistan's Economy Industialization in Pakistan Economic and political Sevclopment by social tansformation A | WTO — implication for developing economies 5 | Advancement in science and techyvee xxix: Pronjotion of tax culture in Pakist 9. History- | ‘IP in History | The value ofthe sauly oF history | it History a5 the biography of great ment | iv, All recorded history is contemporaneous ¥. Conupted history vis Those who wilt not learn (fom history shall reive it vii. Modemity is an unending process : Perspective, prospects and challenges. f 10. National’ Pakistan ~ (Pak Aftairs Prep) i Ideology of Pakistan i. Pakistan's eonstitutional debate Nationalism and super erationalisat in our times Heological frontiers and its preservation Freedom movement and establishment of Pakistan Pakistan's achievements towards islamization Federalism and ational integration | ‘The character of nation ean be judged by its symbolic narratives | Pakistan is rich in natural resources but very poor in managedent- 4 ‘The hurdles in our way to becoming a tly independent state | Profile of Pakistani voters | Lack of discipline a natural disaster pees oti Patriotism j xxiv. Water crisis and national unity. Xv, Tre blac of Urdu ia Pakistn and Supreme Courts ring on making Urdu theofficial langumge of tive country. xe The creation of new provinces ia Pakistan: plications for an integrated country. xvii.__l colonial mentality impeding Pakistan's progress? U, Literature (Art ‘The influence of Westem literature Aesthetic values ‘Writer's role in an ideotogical stave Value of tiveraaure and its influence on life Arts a vehicle of social recanstruction Art and moralisy Uf poetry comes not naturally as leaves toa tree, it had betier not come:at al [zan® transmits incontrovertible condensed experienced to generation to generac. In this ae lizerarure becomes the living memary of @ nation | Literacure is a great cultural artifact | Every art is an imitation of nature : | Act critic and reviewers Humanism = Humour in Urdu licerature ‘Contemporary Pakistani literature | Literature isthe best criticism of life | | asp PreperatayRatworkin Aa {uA care SAO SNE AE Black, Garden home oe | ee ee BLWRS C5 Newrork |Ti Pinos aed ayehotogy é Fo iach and emotions ‘Weather forecasting i ‘Seience and morality ik : ‘Seience and religion Islam @ | Science and its conscientious use wi) The computer age Wii) Information technoloy internet a bons or bane E Impact af science on socicty The iatrodtction | ov ne dtl techaotaes bas rail alered idee Screen trsaslation boss or gin Labor seving devices sre more troublesome: thar they worthy "A litte philosophy inclined a1man's mind to athcism but depth in philosophy. about to religion Paychoantalysis Psychology and its social meaning Z Conscience versus commands ~ i Psychotherapy Brain washing “The dived self and its process of unification ‘Measurement of personality ‘Man’s physiological and psychological relation with ania, Insanity in individuals is rare but in group, parties and nations it's rule ‘The amuscment mania Lie without controversy it no lif, but why one should not choose save haven of onfoymism, 14. MARGEeons — 2 ‘Some fashionable follies of modem world The evilé of prosperity ‘The: ity of labour . ~ On being a pessimist 5 : 2 On tolerance ‘Small is beautiful “ ‘Tourist broacher of scenic places in Pakistan Qvercrowded professions Table manners “Attitude of indifference i Neda. 3 ee aaaxxi Literature is a lonely planet for idealists = KIPS| S245" Language is a fit data for research in humanities and social sciences ‘Weather forecasting, Science and morality ~ Science and religion! Islam Science and ils conscientious use ‘The computer age Information techaotogy Iotemet 2 bonus ora bane Impact of science on society “The introduction of new ‘Serten wanslation-loss or Ein Labor seving devices.are more troublesome than they worth sophy amd Psychology "A lide philosopty inclinet 2 mai's mind to atheism but depth in philosophy bringeth man's mind about to religion Psychoanalysis Paychology and its sovial meaning (Conscience versus commands Psychothermpy Brain washing “The divided self and its process of unification Measurement of personality ‘Man’s physiological and psychological relation with aaieials, Insanity in individuals is rare but in group, parties and nations it's 2 ule ‘The amusement mania Life without controversy i 9 if, but why ape shoul not choose save haven of pmfomiem, iat echoologies has radially altered identities 14. WiiRgEllapons — : ‘ ‘Some fashionable follies of modem world . The evilé of prosperity iy The dignity of labour esa: On being a pessimist ae . Qn tolerance ‘Small is beautiful : ‘Tourist braacher of scenic places in Pakistan Qvercrowded professions ‘Tobie manners _ Attitude of indifference Pee ceaseee KIPS Scares Rejoicing Years of Glory With 1200 + Ci il Secvants and Countin Longing tr tove Food crisis- challenge and opportunities Punctuality is virtue of bovcd Luxury of predecessors becomes the necessity of successors In a hierarchy every employee tends to rise-to is level of incompetence Weave to leara ta be our own best friends because we fall 9 easily into the tap oF being opr own ‘worst enemies. Idealogics thrive on the novion of resistance, yet change isa simulation ‘TOTAL 437 TOPICS a7 PAST PAPERS 1971-2017 | ———— = SSS SE EEE SS Pee peratny RecwarkinPASTAN ‘ORE Fan sc eONPIMDY SL UNBID| PSLRA RIC Block. Garciem Town Lahore. @ kipscesser | cle Azam Banquet all HL KIPS.CSSNetwork | beAy KIPSIOe ee Rejaicing Years of Glory With 1200+ Civil Servants and Counting _ Militarization of space and its impacts on current global warfare Introduction " | Space; from pristine place of peace to am uadeniably contested arena | ization of space in retrospect 3, Space; an ultimate strategic high ground §) Major players in militarization of space li) US space endeavors ; an effort at protecting its hegemony in new arena of watinre i) China"s space ambitions; the rising dragon | iv) Russia's growing space capabilities 2. Milt Conceivable impacts of mil ization of space on current warfare Space-based capabilities like GPS, communications and reconsiaissinte satellites an inevitable for militaries of 21* century. ii) Balance of power dragged to the fourth arena of warfare iii) New strengths; new vulnerabilities ivy ‘Space weapons and missile defense system technologies ¥) Dual uso of satellites; « peaceful purpose and poteatial military application = Political impacts 2 i) “Acconllict started in space could casily translate into a full blown war on Ea:th i) Tt would increase expenses based on threat perception rather than concrete intimidation. iit) Politicians would have fo convince the taxpayers to spend a huge amount of tony or ‘weaponization of space with litle short term goals. | _ Economicimpacts _ i) Tt will cajole major powers to spend more on space programs ii) Already amplified military expenses would further soar ‘Space for’ useful purposes; global endorsements and a shared dream Q Existing and proposed legal instruments ii) Need for global conseasus to lay down rules for un-nuled space iii) Bridging the trust deficit among adversaries iv) - Improved and effective role of United Nations to ensure a peaceful space Conclusion’: = s How to deal with these impacts for promising future prospects. Page No 1 est CSS Preparaiory netec ‘Labor [sisal |u| nl tas etre ht 12 Aibak Block, Garden Town, Lahore, @ kipsessnet (NearMugle Azam Banquet Hal) i I dbs FestaKIPS(S5,.2"8 mA @ | PREPARATION . Refolcing Years of Glory With 1200+ Civil Servants and Counting Essay: ea | wrasta pacar: over the decades, have besa purniing dovainance in the outer space’on pretext of purposes anid for larger good of huimanity: Ostensibly, these space rograris are projected to reap ‘benefits of weather monitoring, help in rescarch and rescue, for detection .of natural disasters, for. advancement in science and technology and to deal with ‘space debris, However, this is an Oper secret that 3 world |powers. are seeking: more military prowess in this erstwhile peaceful arena, this increased’ militarization of space bas brought the modern age warfare to the‘ultinaie high grind andi has profound ‘impacts on cconomic, strategic and political arenas of modern warfare and is undoubtedly a potential existential threat. Space -a no man’s land- is no moré a neutral playground, super power Le. United States has. fully extended its hegemony and establiched its dominance in ultimate swategic high ground of i ‘and China are contesting for their share of power in the space ‘space. major powers inch > | Barth's orbit wasn't always such a dangerous place. The Soviet Union destroyed a satellite for the Inst tche ia an eiipeciment ia 1982. The United States tested its fat Cold War antinsstlit wii, launched by # vertically fying F-19 fighter, in 1985, For the next three decades, both countries refrained. from deploying weapons ia ‘space. The “unofficial moratorium,” put the brakes’on the militarization of space. Thett in 2002, President George W. Bush withdrew the United States Grom a weaty with Russia prohibiting the development of antiballistic-missile weapons. The move cleared the way for Bush to deploy interceptor missiles that administration officials claimed would protest the United States from nuclear attack: by “rogue” states suchas North Korea. But withdrawing from the teaty also undermined the consensus-on the stricily peaceful use of spice. Five years lator, in January 2607, China struck one ofits own olf satellites with a ground-launched rocket as part of a test of a mudimentary mi-setellite system. ‘This seattered thousands of potentially dangerous pieces of debris across low jing’s antisatcllite text ceelerated the milirization of spuee. ‘The United States, in particular, pee fis oppoppaat tm‘ejoicing Years ef Glory With 1260-+ Civil Servants and Counting... navigation with the Global Positioning System, Therefore, “peacefial uses” of outer space include militar tse, even those which are not at all peaccful—such as using satellites to direet bombing mis anywher around the globe. Quietly and without most people noticing, the world's leading’space powers — th United States, China und Russia — have been deploying new and more sophisticated weaposry in Space Earth's orbit is looking more and more like the planet's surface — heavily armed and primed For war. 1 growing number of “inspection” satellites lurk in orbil, possibly awaiting conunands to sneak up on an disable or destray other satellites, Down on the surface, more and more warships and ground installation Pack powerful rackets that, with securate guidance, could reach into orbit to ester enemy spaecrate United states seek to be the undisputed power ia space too. However, China 4nd Russi aggressively seek fo challenge US. superiority in space with ambitious military space progralns of thei own, the powcr strugele risks sparking 2 conflict that could cripplt the entire planet's space bases ‘nfistructure, And though it might begin in spacs, such a conifict could easily ignite tao we o ae oe Berea tal Russia and China are increasingly pursuing the ability to attack America’s peat assets Russia's 2010 military doctrine -emplasiztt-ipace-as-x-ceuciat component of its defense strategy, aac Russia has publicly stated they are rescarching and developing counterspace capabilities to deprade isnupt and deay other users of space. Russia's leadess also openly assert that Russian anmed forces have snt-satellite (ASAT) weapons. conduct ASAT resedrch and employ satellite jammer | ‘The gm Poteat challenge for America in militarization of space comes from china like ‘Russia, has advanced ‘directed ‘nergy’ capabilitics that could be used to track or blind satell anc ‘recntly, kas demonstrated the ability to perform complex maneuvers in space. In November 2015, Chine Sonducted its sixth test of a hypersonic stike vehicle, and an ani-satcllte (ASAT) weapons ia Lecember 2015. There is visible unrest in power coridors of world regarding ASAT test in-2007, which created more than 3,000 pieces of debris, adding significantly o the congested space envirpament. | However, to challenge ULS strength in this fourth arena of warfare would not be casy. U.S. Srnpnaiss nnd government agencis havea east 500 setelites — roughly as many a the rest of the world fombined. At least 100 of them are primarily militery in aature. Most are for co ication or jpervcliance. In other words, they're oriented downward, toward Earth. Today, the United Stuics has of Aceis-couipped warships carying hundreds of SMC3 missiles, mor than enough to gui ly wipe ‘2 approximately $0 sitllites apiobe that Rusia and China lop in low orbit. . . | Page No3 j O88 Prepac tink Pais aoc sath ate) Rawal 24 Pstani|ci Abbot 12 Albak Block, Garden Town, Lahore. — @ kipsesinet {Near Mugle Azam Ban Hall) ia MPS ChsNer,wy KIPSISSO Aejotcing Years of Glory With 1200 Cll Serva tts and Counting ‘This growing competition has profound and lasting “impacts on new-age warfare. With © more: just a fiction ‘but is an imminent possibility. In order weaponizaation of space, star wars is no analyze fe iemacts of milfaization of space, i is pertinent '0 disdzct the issue in strategie, pal if domains Stitcgic domain being the most celerant has undergoné deep fefurbishing due 10 re. § ilitics like. GPS, communications and Mitharies on gsound depend on these and maintain a sizeable influence ction of this fourth arena in current wartare. Spare-based expab iesance satellites arc inevitable far militaries of 217 century. satelite positioned in the spece to carty out tieir operatioas. So, to hol lacona is inevitable to maintain military power oa earth too. the concept of balance of power fo the fourth arens of warfare. scientific, and goonomic activities of in space| ay litarization of space bas dragged Space chpabilties are incxtricably woven iato the fabric of security, mnodem|day states. Today, Space assis no longer just tell us where Owe enemies tro and. what they mre doing: fuey are integrated with the weapon systems used to target and destroy. Now rival states have to keep aq eye on the enemy"s space endeavors t00, and being oblivious to this crucial area-could Inter translate into an existential threat for them. Inerabilities. Now, states have to prevect their 10 on the carth, Space weapons calls for any wars in space missle defense system tochaclogies ‘This would further aggravate already current warfare as most |vew strengihs in space have also exposed new vl gatellites as it won't just affect their dominance in space but als missile defense system technologies too, in case of nd maintain a functioning. space system. are cxjcial to protect = soaring weapon race in space. Dual use of sotellites fs “another strategic threat 10 satellites have potential military application besides the slated peaeetal purpose.This eats for ultra vigilans confi vnighadled political situation could lead t6 devastating chain reactioRejoicing Years of Glory With 1200+ Civil Servants and Counting... In addition to political and strategic impacts militarization of space also has deep economic impact on curreat warfare. Growing militarization of space would eajole major powers to spend even more © space programs. A repart by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (ORCD) state that the United States already spends on space programs - both civilian and defense-related + more tha every other country combined. {n 2015, the US spent about $40 billion on ts space program, while China’ space budget being the second largest in the world, was about $12 billion in 2015; the next, Russia's, wa foughly $8.6 billion; and [ndia's, the fourth largest, was about $4.3 billion. These budgets are expected t farther buige given the growing arn race in space. Thus, this increased space budget would hive a dirce impact on already amplified military expenses. Tmonder to ensure use of space for peaceful purposes, global community has to make eogcerted anu well atganized efforts to halt and preferably rollback milittiation of space. In order to athieve thi -To-enset falam-baced-taws, : ue =) Biagphemoys atacks add fire tothe, ful. i ise, 43% Ethnopolitical parties % a) To show concems over maximum shares of resources; by, Chanting slogans of disintegration. Rage Street power —a challenge to democracy not bcs Su At national. level a) _.. Multi-national politics undermines nation-state, ') * Saboging economic developments for their interests. ic, ANP protests aguinst bring th CPEC.-’-~ ©) Partisanship hinders justice and'democracy 2016, ¥ | d) Sit-ins outside the democratic institutions. ic. ee eet goveram, | as piri eae eee ee E nmone 5.3. ~Atindividual level ae Project by me a ee es mapeatnnlaa ea ce |b). Disenchantment with the elected civilian ruling, stan by “2 c) °° Midille-class revolt duit to-stagflation create impasse) ~*~ Init “@) © Victims of wage incidents question fom goverument fir ighs. te, Gadi | "* incident, plane crash ‘ample, th 9 rise nun vermis tora sown peopl fe many others folds, = r Highlighted cise stu ses etnies amongst {vw ssp ar PREBARATION Rejoicing Years of Glory With 1200+ Civil Servants and Counting... 8 Way forward a). Providing equal opportunities to provinces in all mega projects. 5) Curbing the influence of exiled parties <) Proper fuactioning ef democratic institutions. ESSAY Street power emerges when people are deprived of their civil rights. Thic leads to aggressio against the ruling goverament, which results in dismantling democracy. However, sroct power takes it roots ftom the eras of martial low administration, since the first National Snudent Federation (MSE launched in the Inte [960s. Since, thea it was prevailed in Pakistan by the subsequent political partic: Some take advantage of its to gain their vested interests while others due to their dissatisfaction |from thei lected civilian ruling. However, this results into nothing except mass injuries, arsons, eae an isons no vandalism. Hence, political parties use street power to deter democratic institutions as their Gily impede econoinic development but also jeopardize justice aid democracy. Moreover. individuals dw to the lack of egalitarianism and foreign factors to undergo their hidden agendas are: ismantling democracy in Pakistan | When political parties ex their muscles, democratic institutions get netted and becbme quite fragile to perfonn their operations. AS Chief Justice-designate of Pakistan pledged that the judiciary woule not bear any pressure and expediency, and that the judges would undergo justice without any fear, - Moreover, partisanships of political parties undergo sit-ins outside the democratic inctitutions tc bring ther to their knees. For example, PTI leadership intended ta lockdown Islamabad on November 2 2016, Whereas Islamabad High Court (IHC) allowed PTI to hold protests at Democracy Paik. It is ¢ government designated place for sit-ins and rallies. Moreover, the Chinese ambassador to| Pakistar summoned PTI leadership and urged not to jeopardize the China-Pakistan Econorni¢ Comidos (CPEC) project by locking dawn the capital. Not only political partis have brought challenges to dempcracy it Pakistan but the individuals as well, owing to the lack of egalitarianism. Individuats|question the goverament when they are not provided with justice ind secpriy, Fox example, the Gadani incident of the ship-breaking industry look the lives of over twenty-six workers and many others injured, has grieved their families as they were the sole breadwinners. Moreover, thif industry en's is amongst the world's largest industries and it contributes to about 12 billion mupess in economy. But this industry docs not provide: any safety measures to the workers. The grotesiors underscored the government to give 5 million mupees to the families of each deceased person besides Page No7 Largest (3S Pepa newosin Pin Lahr Fatal |atan| Rawabi itamabal aici natn 12 Aibak Block, Garden Town, Lahore. é @ hapséssnet [Meat Muale Azaon Ranaivat Hall Teedand the * : wW KIPsis. a | PREPARATION Rejoicing Years of Glory With 12004 Clvil Servants and Courting. security, In such 2 situation, foreign factors easily intrude.the already devastating state of llurs Foreign factors that dismaatle democracy in Pakistan include cxiled members of political partics Indian factor. For etample, Former Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari of Pakisten peoples Pert ~ (EPP) sfaumod to Pakisten after fifteen mouths of his selfexile He has promulgated to put his four demands to be fulfilled by the goverment and has threatened to protest otherwise. He also demanded to As cases. | not onl Zadar I. Asim Hussian, who is facing legal charges due (o his involvement in corruption snd terrorism Exiled members of political parties are also involved in the cases of corruption and terrorism. This hampers judiciary but also sows the secds of antagonism in indigedous people in a country. Mr himself confessed to have ties with the Karachi-beced businessman Anwar Majeed, who is wanted under Anti-Terrorism Act. On the other hand, Indie is taking advantage of this situation in Pakistan, ih a ‘of people by bringing uarest. As social mediruvtworks have arising impact on socicty. this has toler paved the way for India to easily pollute the minds of Balochis to impede the CPEC project. She ce mobile-based applications to provide radio sécvites to the people of Balochistan. It was intended Balochis know that they are being deprived of their rights im the CPEC project. reover, it engrossed their minds to démand a stparate nation state. Mr. Modi used this as his weapon to divert the attention of the international community form the atrocity of the Indian army in Indian gccupied Kashmir (IOK). This was a major backlash for Pakistan. Hence, National integrity and solidarity are pivotal elements for the democratic government of Pokistan. Therefore, political parties nced to put aside their grievances over their interest and cease using street power. Their coopération would llet the democratic institutions operate in a free and just manner. , their solidarity would also lessen the foreign factors to undergo their ulterior motives. This also of hope for Pakistan to flourish in the international community. democratic government needs its three pillars-executive, legislature and judiciary to undergo ‘without any fear. A single pillar is unable to bear the weight ifthe others are fragile. Wherefore, Pakistan aceds all of her pillars te be strong in tandem. Moreover, Pakistan needs to : sskindl fox policies fo addres the grievances of common man as demoeraty eases the civil Hoey. ‘Only then, the street power that as put shackles an democratic inatittions 9a bs rooted out« KIPS|S0e a b ).| PREPARATION Rejoicing Years of Glory With 1200+ Civil Servantsand Counting... It has become appallingly obvious that our technology has superseded our humanity 1. Introduetion a Deciphering the key terms b. How technology has superseded humanity 2, How technology has superseded humanity at various levels a, Atintelligence level i) Machine's computational power has surpassed human intelligence it) Human being’s growing dependence on machines erodes its intellectual capabilities iii) Furure is “robot * rive of “artificial intelligence” b, Atsocio-ceonomic level 2) Teshaology replasine manpower a case of growing uremployreat = “Atificial intelligence’ machines; moral fatloats iii) In medical field ignoring emotional aspect of healing iv) Advancement in communication technology; limiting real life interactions. © In stcategicdomain 3) Warfare technology: no regard for human suffering ‘Nuclear bombs and weapons of mass destruction Military and intelligence surveillance; encroachment of privacy Space surveillance and drone attacks; an onslaught oa state sovere|gznty V1 Guided missiles and misguided souls 3. Experts" warnings about future of technology being detrimental to humanity 4. Albert Einstein’s caveat b. Stephen Hawking’ admonition es 6. Norbert Wiener’s warning 4. Conclusion 5. How can technology be made ta augment humanity a. By keeping technology subservieat to sam -b, By utilizing technolegy for alleviation of human suffering ©. - | Moral and ethical ehecks on technological advancement Page No 9 J 198 Preparer networkin Patan Latore [aisatahad| Muka |®atapindi Ismanad | Peshawar [Karachi Abbttabx 12 Aibak Block, Garden Town, Lahore. °@ lopscssnet Wear Mugle Azam n ae Netwy KIPS PREPARATION Rejoicing Years of Glory With 12004 Servants and Counting. Essay “Our scientific power. Bist eras or learnt pewser 4 “we have guided missiles and misguided souls” : x “Martin buthier Hing Je Lieehiological advancement; over the las few decades hes taken ge strides bu alas! Not always for|g’od Molem-day man has leaned to fly like birds, to be fist like robots, to be efficient like mashines but regrettably has forgotten how to live like a.man. Scientific advancenieats in the fields of into # slave of technology. Growing dependenec on technology has imbedded in him callousness, " meer insensitivity and has effectively taken away “humanness" of human beings. In sired abjecive analyte of fess 3.1 Disputed regions [cad to unending wars among couritriee fe; Kashmir issue; ‘Si conti, Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. 3.2 Historieal rivalries due to unsatisfied demarcation among countries. ic; Paks Afghan Lem line, : Palestine [srael conflict. | 3.3 Economic disparities among countries. ie; India use water as weapon against Pakistan and { discourages WT agreement, Israeli settlements in West Bank. : | 4. Disturbed borders ~ case-study of ongoing civil wars ia war-torn countries | | 41 Banned ants (ISIL, Al-Qaeda, Taliban) wage war by taking the benefits of war-tom situation. of countries. i.c; Afghanistan, rag, Syria | 42 Powerful cquntrics to fiex their military shuscles use poor countrics. ic; US and Russia backed forces in Syria, Russian invasion in Ukraine 4.3 Military interventions by using the agenda of Responsibility to Protect (R2P). Le; Libya war, US troops in Afghanistan and Iraq. : 5. How disturbed borders lead to threat of human lives ; Pak-India, Pake-Alfphan, 3.1 Border skinmishes aad cross-border terrorism lead to masa carsaltion. Ammenia-Azerbaijan 52 Ongoing civil wars as powerful countries flex their military muscles lead to refiagee and humanitarian crises. L<; Syrian refugee crisis ac the largest one after the WWII, Yemen casualties due to war, droughts and famine. (6. Interaational community efforts to ease border tensions .L UNSC resolutions to provide peaceful scitiements of disputes. ic; Resolutions adopted bj since 1946.i.c; Resolutions on Kashmir, Israel-Palestine ee i Page No 35 Largest CSS Preparatary networkin Paksian ‘Gakore] Faisalabad|Mutan [tatiana nt 12 Albak Block Garden fawn, Lahore. «8 @ kipscsanet (Near Mugle Azam Sanquet Hall) IAPs Essenoj i ‘cc. e KIPS|S.08 IF | PREPARATION : Rejoicing Years of Glory With 1200+ Civil Servants and Counting... 2 fold Bank peovides arbitration courts to solve disputes peacefully due-to ceanomie disparities ng countries. ie; Indus vrater treaty (IWT) : i 63 SS a ee ee (es Tateran Rass nreantceda on “62 Way Rorward BI Pome coumis ned eat ie hit a povide ao m pts with ay 82 fmol mma caw ome mit pian tose em a6 oi tom, 83 fereeecnons community t0 provide solutions on refugee crisis. i.e; millions of Syrian refugees died jn Mediterrancan Sea as neighboring countries closed their borders for them. ©) Page No 36oes ; PS CSS —PMS aan -Fkel PREBAR ATION ~~ Rbjoiding Years of Glory With 1200+ Civil Servants and Counting... Impacts of climate change on Pakistan as one of the worst hit regions A. Introduction 11 Climate change has affested all regions of the world due t0 the man-made activities which contribute fo greenhouse gascs. iz Climate change has affected the most vulnerable regions by posing threat to the lives of living beings, polluting the environment and damaging the agriculture. 2. How vulnerable is the world duc to climate change 2.1. Melting of glaciers has resulted in the rising of sea levels. 22 Less rainfall has resulted in droughts, famines and epidemies.i.c; Thar in Pakistan, 3. The most worst hit regions due to climate change 3.L Tropical regions of the world are facing extreme weather conditions that have resulted in Hoods, bigh intensity storms and ever pollutiohi"@: Smog engulfed whole Punjab]of India and Pakistan, 3.2 Pakistan ranks as 8° most vulnerable country in the world duc to climate change. 33 Rise in temperature of African countries resulted in drought and tasune. 4, Impacts of climate change oa worst hit regions 4.1 Impacts on environment.. 4.1.1 Intense temperature has resulted in sea level rise and more intense heat waves, i.e; Karachi the most populous city of Pakistan suffers from heat waves 4.12 Increasing of chemical particles have polluted the atmosphere. ie; heavy smog in the whole Punjab of India and Pakistan 4.2 [pasts on agriculture 42. Intense droughts and famine have reduced land's fertility i.e; severe: droughts in Thar and Balochistan. 42.2 Lose cainfall and intense heat waves resulted in fire of wild forests. ic; forest resin - Israel due to continuous drought. | 2 | | 43 Impactson living beings 4.3.1 Increase in viral diseases and épidemics resulted in casualties. ie; skin is tion im animals and humen beings, o.g: Chikangunya— mosquito bom disease in Paki 43.2 Inerease in physical sbnormalities of individuals. ie; Polio virus. i Page No 37 - esl CSS Preparalery network i Pakistan ‘Labor [Faisalabad | Multan) Rawat ian abaé] Pashawar| Kerehi apveltbat 12Aibak Glock, Garden Town, Lahore. — : @ kipsessnet | > (Near Mugle Azam Banduet Hall) # 8 KPSicssNen. Ww KIPS/&s-2™5 : at PREPARATION. Refoicing Years of Glory With 1200+ Civil Servants and Counting. 5. | How international community has helped to lessen the impacts of climate change SL» Copenhagen Climate Change Conference in Dec, 2009 forged an agreement as mascimmum increase in global tenaperature as 20. S2 21* Conference of the Parties (COP21) to-the UNFCCC, held in 53° Kigali deal in Rwanda to phase out greenhouse gases 6. | Conclusionbed Kl PS CSS — PMS ra H PPREPARATION Rejaicing Years of Glory With 1200+ Civil Servants arid Counting. Culture of Corruption in Pakistan its impacts on economy and human eapital 1. Latreduetion 1.1 Rampant culture of corruption in Pakistan is a scourge aot only to the democratic insfitutions ‘but also to the state of economy that hampers economic growth (ie GDP) and human) capital. L2 Historical overview of corruption in Pakistan 5 ber a) Practicing of corrupt policics by the exiled members of political partic ‘movement led by Mr, Altaf Hussain gave extortion to his workers to undergo violence. b). Rental power plant case, Hajj Scam are some of other examples 2. The rampant culture of corruption in Pakistan 2.1 Corruption prone institutions af national level = ZL Pressure and fear on judiciary result in unjast practices and delayed justice. | unlimited power exercised by feudal lords and political partics. Ex-PPP scnaioc Faisal Raza Abidi acquitted on bail. Ere —Tuproper accountability by agile democratic institutions results in-affehore investments by the political parties. ic; Panama leaks, Bahamas leaks, NAB plea bargaining on the case of former finance secretary of Balochistan — any Alsat Raisani. 2.1.3 Weak parliamentary decisions lead to provincial imbalances to undergo their duties. \dividual level 2.2 Corruption prone institutions 22.1 Private working organizations contribute to cofuption practices ie; Axact cage 22.2 Religious partisafiships undergo corrupt practices to gain their interests. ic; Lal masjid. and Haj corruption case. 2.23 Comupt practices by feudal lords. Le; Sirga and Panchayat systems in Pakistan| 3. Impacts on economy dué to corruption 3.1 Impact on economic growth . L 3.L1 Bribery acts impede firm performance and economic regulations in a country. Pakistan is under the debt of approx... Rs.22 trillion. 3.4.2° Depreciation in FDI (foreign direct investments) and import/expoms. ie; Pakibtan is the 67" largest export economy and ranks at 106" most complex economy. 3.13. Coruption affects GDP growth rate which Leads to uncven distribution of weakh among individuals. ic; Pakistan's GDP rate is 4.7%in 2016. 3.2 Impact on human capital - 9 Page No 39 Largest €8$ Preparlorynebuok in Pakistan ator |Fisalabad| Muza |Rawapini tamabad| Peshawar sale 12. Aibak Block, Garden Town, Lahore. @ _ (Neat Mugle Azam Banquet Hal) EL KPSICSS Net.wy KIPS icssrms pS RARER SERE eae. Lg: al industry is deprived of security and safety measures. Curbing the expenses of governmental ofgenizations lend to the = ptviteton of ‘companies. i,¢; devastated situations of Pakistan Air Lines LO td Pakistan Sea aes 323 4, |Conetusion 5. |Way Forward [5.1 Effective democratic instinutions to-root out comuption. [2-2 Spending money to provide incentives to workers which ars the assets of economy. 33 Promoting national cconomy through a hydropower projects. Belicia nee. 2 KIP css - PMS | PREPARATION Rejoicing Vears of Glory With 1200+ Civil Servants and Counting... ‘The Implications of sectarian Militancy and Ethnic Violence in Masti World. Out 1 Introduction 1.1) In modemmage of global-integrating politics, Muslim world is fast disimegrating 0. sectarian Lines. . 1.2) Scetarian decision has now exacerbated by taking ethnic and intra-sect forms posing dice