PANITIA UJIAN TENGAH SEMESTER GENAP 2017/2018

FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

Mata Kuliah : ESP (Reading 2) Jurusan : Bahasa Indonesia

Pengajar : Tim LC Semester/Kelas : 2/ A, B, dan C
Waktu : 60 menit Sifat : Tutup buku & kamus

Read the text carefully and answer the questions.

The Rise of Fake News

In December 2016 Edgar M. Welch drove six hours from his home to Washington DC,
where he opened fire in pizzeria with an assault rifle. He had previously read an online news
story about the restaurant being the headquarters of a group of child abusers run by Hillary
Clinton. He decided to investigate for himself; unfortunately, no one has hurt.
The story about Hillary Clinton is one of the most famous example of the growing
phenomenon dubbed ‘fake news’. The conspiracy theory about the pizzeria began to appear on
websites and social networks in late October, before the US election. This was quickly
denounced by publications such as The New York Times and The Washington Post. However,
many people thought that these papers themselves lying for political ends and instead of
disappearing, the fake story snowballed. Tweets from Representative Steven Smith of the 15 th
District of Georgia claimed that the mainstream media were telling falsehoods. Even though
both this name and district were invented, the message was re-tweeted many times. A YouTube
refutation of The New York Times article got 250.000 hits.
Fake news stories can be hard to control because many people mistrust established news
sources and others just don’t read them, so the debunking of fake story by a serious newspaper
on or TV channel has limited effect. In addition, the internet is very hard to police. When users
are caught misusing one media platform, they simply got to another one or start up a website
themselves.
People create fake news usually have some political motives, to belittle or incriminate
their opponents. Other websites, like The Onion, deliberately publish fake news as satire –
humorous comment on society and current affairs. Another group is in it for profit: many people
clicking on entertaining fake news stories can bring in a lot of advertising revenue. There are
also those, like the small-town teenagers in Macedonia who wrote fake news stories about
Donald Trump, who seem to be motivated partly by money and partly by boredom.
To stop fake news spreading, you have to make sure that the websites you read are
legitimate by checking at the domain name and the About Us section. Check the sources of any
quotes or figures given in the story. Only share stories you know are true and let your friends
know, when they unknowingly share fake news.
Adapted from: britishcouncil. 2017. The Rise of Fake News

A. Answer the following questions based on the text. (SKOR 70)

1. Why did Elgar Welch go to the pizzeria?
2. What are the motives for creating fake news?
3. What does the word them in line 14 refer to?
4. Why did many people not believe The Washington Post and The New York Times when they
denounced the pizzeria story?
5. How can we dismiss a fake news story spreading?
6. Who is Steven Smith?
7. How does the author feel about stopping fake news spreading?
8. What will happen if fake news keep spreading?
B. Complete the following paragraph using appropriate “verbs” provided in the box.
(SKOR 30)

taken achieved get called

see needed pretended treated

Elizabeth Cochrane Seaman was an American journalist at the turn of the century who
wrote for the newspaper New York World under the pen name Nellie Bly, a name which was
_____  from the Stephen Foster song Nelly Bly. She  _____  fame for her exposes and in
particular for the bold and adventuresome way that she obtained her stories.
She felt that the best way to _____ the real story was from the inside rather than as an
outside observer who could be treated to a petrified version of reality. On one occasion she
_____ to be a thief so that she would get arrested and _____ for herself how female prisoners
were really treated. On another occasion she faked mental illness in order to be _____ to a
mental hospital to get the real picture on the treatment of mental patients.
Explicit: Factual informative
1. Who has the mysterious ability to master new technology?
2. What do parents worry about?
3. What does the word this in line 6 refer to?
Explicit: Factual exploratory
4. Why are screens considered not harmful for children?
5. How will children react when they get bored with one type of media?
Implicit/ Implied
6. Who is probably Prof Marsh?
7. Does Prof Marsh agree that screens are harmful? Why?
8. Who might get panicked if they see children playing with gadgets all the time?

A. Complete the following paragraph using appropriate “verbs” provided in the box. (SKOR 30)

Adjust Focuses Recover Fixes Regain

Enable Affect Centered Related
Physiotherapy is a comprehensive treatment that helps patients...................the abilities they had
prior to injury. Physiotherapy may also reduce the amount of pain you’re in from various conditions
that cause chronic pain. On the other hand, chiropractic care...................on the nervous system, skeletal
system, and the muscles in the body that...................movement. Unlike physiotherapy, chiropractic
therapy is also...................around the spine, regardless of whether or not the patient has a back injury.
In most cases, chiropractors will...................the spine even if the injury is...................to an arm or a
leg, but a therapist who practices physiotherapy will not unless it’s necessary. Physiotherapy wins this
round of comparison between physiotherapy vs. chiropractic therapy because it focuses on a wide range
of problems, from sports-related injuries to weakness caused by strokes.

~ Good Luck ~