FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

DAA2612
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

ASSIGNMENT
WATER TREATMET PLANT (PANCHING PLANT)

STUDENT NAME ID
MOHAMAD AFFIZ BIN AHMAD AB18307
MUHAMAD HAKIMI BIN HUSAHIRI AB18255
MUHAMMAD FADHLI BIN MARZUKI AB18312
MOHAMAD ZAKWWAN ARIF BIN RASLI AB18214
MUHAMMAD AMIRUL HAFIZ BIN OSMAN AB18305
MOHAMAD ISLAHUDDIN BIN MOHAMMAD HADI AB18013

PREPARED FOR:
PUAN NADIAH BT MOKTAR

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 22 NOVEMBER 2019

1|Page
 TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE PAGE

INTRODUCTION 3

DETAIL OF FLOWRATE 4

DETAIL OF EXISTING WATER 4-15

TREATMENT PLANT

DETAIL OF ILLUSTRATION 16
DIAGRAM

CONCLUSION 17

APPENDICES 18

2|Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION

On last Tuesday, we went to Panching Water Treatment Plant in Felda Panching Timur,
Kuantan, Pahang. This water treatment plant was built in August 2010 and operated in early
March 2014. Panching Water Treatment Plant is conventional type. SCADA system has been
practically implemented in recent water treatment system and it required only 2 staffs to monitor
the whole process at once! SCADA system was used by operations and management for process
monitoring and automation for the water treatment procedures. SCADA stands for "Supervisory
Control and Data Acquisition". SCADA communication network is spread throughout the water
distribution system. Workstations which typically PC-based using ABB trial software and
located in a control room at the main building that allow staffs to view the entire process and
perform control actions. Within the plant, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) which is the
ABB supervise unit processes, such as the filters and chemical treatments. A local area network
(LAN) links the controllers to the workstation as well to the whole system process. The raw
water flows from Sungai Kuantan to the water treatment plant. The plant is able to treat raw
water until the turbidity of the water 3000 NTU. The plant has 10 deposition tank and 12 filter
tank that process the raw water.

3|Page
2.0 WATER TREATMENT PROCESS

Detail of flowrate

Based on site visits and research conducted at Panching Water Treatment Plant, A 160 MLD or
35 MGD with 10 flocculation tanks and 12 filtering tanks. The Panching Water Treatment Plant
intake is from Kuantan River. Kuantan River has the quantity of water demand intake structure
as well as adversely affect water intake potential. The capacity of the pump was 1750 𝑚3 /h and 8
pumps are using to transport water to reservoir balancing tank at a flow rate of 1600 𝑚3 /h each
pump. Only 4 pumps will be active every 6 hours alternately.

BASIC COMPONENT

1. Intake
2. Aerator
3. Mixing Chamber
4. Flocculation Tank
5. Clarifier Tank
6. K-Flour Rapid Gravity Filter
7. Contact Balancing Tank
8. Treated Water Pump House
9. Reservoir Balancing Tank

4|Page
2.1 WATER INTAKE

Used for collecting water from the surface sources such as river, lake and reservoir and
conveying it further to the water treatment plant.
Screens
To remove suspended, huge and hard materials from water that can damage pumps and other
mechanical devices; including leaves, debris and other sizable clogging material. They used
aluminum sulphate to collect substance as flocculation agent.

Figure 1: screening process

5|Page
2.2 AERATION

Using Aerator, we can eliminate unneeded dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide, iron,
manganese and other organic substances that easily to volatile. It is also, increasing the dissolved
oxygen content.

Figure 3: Aerator

6|Page
2.3 COAGULATION

Coagulation is the process in which chemicals are added to water. The main purpose of
coagulation is to destabilize the particles so that they may be removed in subsequent processes.
The component we used is; Mixing chamber.

Figure 3: Mixing Chamber

7|Page
2.4 FLOCCULATION
It is a slow mixing process in which particles are brought into contact in order to promote their
agglomeration. The positions of the baffle plates are different. The location of floc (fine dust) is
produced as a result of Aluminum Sulphate reaction. The reactions affect the degree of turbidity
and color.

Figure 4: Flocculation tank

8|Page
2.5 SEDIMENTATION

To remove the suspended material from water by the action of gravity. Large and heavy flocc
will be deposited at the bottom of the tank, the perfect deposition process will produce clear
water.

Figure 5: Sedimentation Tank

9|Page
2.6 FILTRATION

Filtration is a passage of water through a porous medium to remove suspended solids. Needed
for most surface waters in order to provide a second barrier against the transmission of water
borne diseases.

Figure 6: Filtration Process

10 | P a g e
2.7 DISINFECTION
To destroy pathogenic microorganisms, to produce safe drinking water.

Figure 7: Tank that contains chlorine gas

11 | P a g e
2.8 WATER DISTRIBUTION

After the water are archiving the quality standard, the water are clean and safe to supply to the
public user. The public water system depends on distribution system to provide an interrupted
supply of pressurized water. Also, depending on the topography of the distribution areas.
1. Gravity system. (low cost and effective)
2. Direct pumped system. (expensive and less effective)
3. Gravity and Pumped Combination. (Economical, pump is used at a constant rate)

Figure 8: Reservoir Tank

12 | P a g e
2.9 DRINKING WATER QUALITY STANDARD

13 | P a g e
14 | P a g e
15 | P a g e
3.0 THE DETAIL OF ILLUSTRATION DIAGRAM

16 | P a g e
4.0 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, we have learned and experienced ourselves about the water treatment process
when we visit Water Treatment Plants at Panching. We studied a lot about how the management
doing their work consistently and also how they managed the water treatment process. Some of
the water treatment process are aeration, mixing chamber, flocculation, clarification and
filtration.
Next, we also gained some new findings at the water treatment plants. We just knew that the
management of water treatment have the control system to run the process of filtration as shown
in Figure 1.Besides, we learn about the tank that consist of hydrated lime as shown in Figure 2.
The function of hydrated lime is to increase pH value of water. Then, we also learned about the
system as shown in Figure 3. It is neutralised chlorine gas before it released to the air surface. If
the gas was not completely neutralised before it released, the gas will harm for human.
Last but not least, we were very satisfied about the visiting to Water Treatment Plants at
Panching. We gained a lot of experience and knowledge that given by conductor who guide us
from the start until the end of our visits. By visiting the water treatment plants, it increased our
understanding about the topic water treatment process of Environmental Engineering.

Figure 1 Figure 2

Figure 3 17 | P a g e
5.0 APPENDIX

18 | P a g e