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1. The sum of the radii of two circles is 100 cm. If one circle has a radius of x cm, then
(a) show the sum of areas of the two circles is A = 2π (x2 - 100x + 5000)
(b) Find the value of x for which the sum of areas is the least.
2. What are the dimensions of a cylindrical can of its greatest volume if the can is made from 150π
cm2 of sheet aluminium?
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2 Unit and 3 Unit Maths Year 11 and 12 Maxima / Minima problems
3. An open tank is to be constructed with a square base of side x metres and with four rectangular
sides. The tank is to have a capacity of 32 cubic metres.
(a) determine an expression for the height (h) in terms of x
(b) Find the least area of sheet metal from which the tank can be constructed.
2
4. The cost per hour of running John’s Pleasure Cruiser is $ ( V + 10) where V is speed in knots.
40
V2
(a) for a trip of D nautical miles, show the total cost (in $) to be C = D ( 40 + 10)
V
(b) What is the most economic speed (knots = nautical miles per hour) for running the cruiser on
this trip?
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2 Unit and 3 Unit Maths Year 11 and 12 Maxima / Minima problems
5. A rectangular crate is required to have a volume of 24 cubic metres and its length to be double
its width. Also it is to be strengthed by a strip of abgle iron running along all its edges. Find the
dimensions of the crate if the total length of the angle iron is to a minimum.
6. A piece if wire 10cm long is cut into 2 pieces. One piece is bent to form a circle and the other is
bent to form a square. (a). What is the circumference of the circle if the sum of the areas is to
be a minimum. Leave your answer in terms of pi (π).
(b) What are the maximum areas (when all the wire is used either as a circle or a square.)
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2 Unit and 3 Unit Maths Year 11 and 12 Maxima / Minima problems
75 - r 2
2. Area = 150π = 2πr2 + 2πrh therefore h =
r
Max Vol = πr2h and substitute h then differentiate so that dV/dr = 75π - 3πr2 = 0
Thus r = 5 and h = 10. d2V/dr2 = – 6πr which < 0 so is a maximum SP.
3. a) h = 322 (b) Area = x2 + 4xh sub in h then dA/dx = 2x - 128 x-2 = 0. d2A/dx2 > 0
x
so x = 4 and h = 2m So area = 48 m2
4. a) speed = dis / time, therefore t = D/V and cost per hour x time = total cost = cost per hr x D/V.
b) C = D( V + 10 ) and Cost per nautical mile c = V/40 + 10V-1 so dc/dV = 1/40 – 10 V-2
40 V
As d2c/dV2 = 20V-3 > 0, so is a minimum when dc/dV = 0 and V = 20 knots
10π
(c) when circumference = 4 + π = 4.40 and r = 0.7 m
so square perimeter is 5.6m and each side is (10 - 4.4) /4 = 1.40 m
thus when sum of areas is a minimum, the area of circle is πr2 = π 0.72 = 1.54 m2 and
area of square is s2 = 1.4 2 = 1.96
3.50 m2
All Square
7.96 m 2
All Circle
6.25 m 2
Area
3.50 m2
0 4.4 10 m
part of wire that is circumference of circle
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