Orientation

 What is Electrical Installation and Maintenance NCII?

 3 Core Competencies
 Progress Chart
 Achievement Chart
 Rules as Trainee and Trainer
 Rules and Regulation in classroom and school
 Different Areas and Learning Materials

Note: Safety First

Transmission and Distribution System

Transformer = An electrical device that convert low voltage to high voltage or vice versa.

Two types of Transformer

Step-Up Transformer = An Electrical device that convert low voltage to high voltage.

Step-down transformer = An electrical device that convert high voltage to low voltage.
 Definition of Terms
Electricity- is a form of energy generated by friction, induction and chemical reaction.

William Gilbert- Father of electricity

Electron- is the negatively charged particle of an atom sometimes referred as the negative
charge of electricity.

Proton- is the negatively charged particle of an atom sometimes referred as the negative
charge of electricity

Neutron- is the particle of an atom which is not electrically charged and weights slightly more
than the proton.

Ion- is the term applied to an atom or molecule which is not electrically balanced.

Voltage- electromotive force, electrical pressure that causes the electrons to move through a
conductor

Ampere- is the standard unit used in measuring the strength of an electric current

Watt- rate or measure of power used or consumed

Circuit- refers to the wire installation that supply current to light and convenience outlet.

Electric Current- is the flow or rate of flow of electric force in a conductor.

Electric Current is Classified as:

Direct Current (DC)

 Flows in one direction

 Ex. Dry cell

Alternating Current (AC)

 Constantly reverse its direction of flow.

 Universally accepted bec. Of its unlimited number of applications with the following advantages.

1. It is easily produced

2. Cheaper to maintain

3. Could be transformed into higher voltage

4. Could be distribution to far distance with low voltage drop.

OHM`S LAW

 Staets that the current is directlyt proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the
resistance by its load.

 The higher the voltage, the larger the current, and the higher the resistance, the lower the current.

I= Current

V= Voltage

R= Resistance for DC

Z= Impedance for AC

Determine the current flow in a circuit having a resistance of 5 ohms on a 120 volts and 240 volts
current supply.

For 120 v0lts

= 120/5

I= 24 amperes

For 240 Volts

=240/5

I=48 amperes
 SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRCUIT

Series Circuit

 Single path exist for current flow.

Voltage Total Vt= V1+V2+V3………..

Resistance Rt= R1+R2+R3……….

Current It= I1=I2=I3……

Example:

Two automobile headlights are connected in series to a 12 Volts battery each having a rtesistance of 1.0
ohm.What is the current flowing in the circuit?

V=12 Volts

Rt=R1+R2

=12V/2.0

I= 6 amperes

Parallel Circuit

 Multiple Connection where the loads are placed acroos the same voltage contituting a separate
circuit.

Voltage Total Vt= V1=V2=V3………

Current It= I1+I2+I3………

Resistance Rt=
Volt Transformation
Transformer

 Is a simple static device consisting of a magnetic core wherein the primary and secondary
windings are made.

 The voltage is directly proportional to the number of windings or turns.

 Electrical equipment that convert high voltage to low voltage or vice versa.
Energy Calculations

Detrmine the monthly energy consupmtion of the following appliances

Appliances Load Daily Used

Electric Iron 1200 watts 2 hours

Water Heater 1000 watts 3 hours

Toaster 2300 watts 30 minutes

Solution:

Electric iron 1200w = 1.2 kw x 2 hrs. = 2.4 kwh

Water heater 1000w= 1.0 kw x 3 hrs= 3.0 kwh

Toaster= 1300w= 1.3 kw x 0.5 hrs= .65 kwh

Total………………………………… ….6.05 kwh

If the average cost of energy is P5.00 per kwh, for 30 days consumption, multiply

30 x 6.05 = 181.50 kwh per month

X 5.00

Total cost P 907.50