WORD GAME (5 minutes)

1. Look into the labyrinth of letters and look for

words that best describe you.
2. With a partner, share the words that you find
and elaborate on your characteristics to explain
your description.
3. Be ready to share in class.
 PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
RES 001

Prepared by:
Antonio Salido
Research Teacher
artikulouno.shs@gmail.com
Nature and Inquiry of Research
Learning Outcomes
• shares research experiences and knowledge
• explains the importance of research in daily life
• describes characteristics, processes, and ethics of
research
• differentiates quantitative from qualitative research
• provide examples of research in areas of interest
(arts, humanities, sports, science, business,
agriculture and fisheries, information and
communication technology, and social inquiry)
What is Research?
What is Research?
- includes any gathering of data,
information and facts for the
advancements of knowledge
What is Research?
• A procedure done to support a demonstrable fact in
answering a question or resolving a problem (Leedy,
2009).
• The systematic controlled, empirical and critical
investigation of hypothetical propositions about
presumed relations among natural phenomena
(Kerlinger, 2008).
• Thomas Kuhn (1987) has shown that the most
important precondition for science is that researhers
possess a wide range of practical skills for carry out
scientific work following an inquisitive thinking.
What is Research?
• Thomas Kuhn (1987) has shown that the most
important precondition for science is that researchers
possess a wide range of practical skills for carry out
scientific work following an inquisitive thinking.
• Collins Dictionary (1999) defines as “systematic
investigation to establish facts or collect information
on the subject or based on word derivative which
means to search again taken from the prefix re –
denoting a repetitive action and search, meaning to
seek”
What is Research?

• Etymologically the word research is derived from the

Middle French “recherche” which means “to go about
seeking”
4 Phases of Systematic Procedure
1. The Design – starts with a problem, then
conceptualizes into variables and measures with
theorizing as support
2. The Implementation – from actual data gathering to
analysis and interpretation, bringing the research to
its conclusions and reconceptualization with
recommendations as end in view
3. The Presentation/sharing – effective presentation
and sharing of results
4. The Packaging – writing of the full research
manuscripts following the APA documentation
ACTIVITY
Definition of Research

• According to Leedy (2009)……

• According to Kerlinger (2008)…..
• Thomas Kuhn (1987)…..
• Collins Dictionary (1999) defines as……
• Etymologically the word research….
4 Phases of Systematic Procedure

1.
2.
3.
4.
QUESTIONS?
 IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH

While watching the video, list down the importance of

research on your notebook.
 ETHICS OF RESEARCH
- The conduct of any inquiry must be treated with
candor and care.
- Research in the pursuit of knowledge and truth should
observe ethics such as voluntary participation to fair
selection and justice.
 Significant Events Leading To
Research Ethics
• Nuremberg Code, 1948 states that “voluntary consent of the
human subject is absolutely essential”

• Helsinki Declaration developed by the World Medical Association

and contains all the basic ethical elements designed to address
any possible harm on subjects who participate in research.

• Belmont Report of 1979 from the National Commission for the

Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral
Research on the concepts of respect of persons and in assessing
risks and benefits (beneficience) and subject selection (justice)
 Significant Events Leading To
Research Ethics

• The FULL and VOLUNTARY informed consent ensures

that all researchers involving human subjects must
seek for their voluntary participation.

• A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH involving human subjects

without any permission lacks n adequate moral basis
(Gregory, 2005).
 Significant Events Leading To
Research Ethics
Three (3) Requirements of Informed Consent in Qualitative
Research

1. Disclosure – to be sincere in supplying the human subjects with

the information necessary in a language that is clearly
understood to make a free decision.
2. Capacity – comprehension and ability of the human subjects to
understand the information provided and form a reasonable
judgment based on the potential consequences of the decision
to participate in the study.
3. Voluntariness – the free will of human subjects in decission
making without being subjected to external pressure such as
coercion, manipulation, or undue influence.
 ETHICS OF RESEARCH
- Mukherji and Albon (2010) includes a “set of principles
which relate to correct conduct and standards related
to a moral code specifying right from wrong.” It is a
branch of philosophy concerned with the meaning of all
aspects of human behavior based on some ethical
guidelines applied to research (Albon, 2007).
 ETHICS OF RESEARCH
• Deception - know the study all about.
• Protection of participants from harm – protects the
participants from psychological and physical harm.
• Right to withdraw - the right to discontinue their
participation.
• Debriefing - be informed of the nature and purpose
of the research
 ETHICS OF RESEARCH
• Confidentiality – information obtained is
confidential.
• Privacy – Respect for participants privacy and
psychological well-being must be obsessed.
• Concern – any unethical practice of
researchers may be reported in observance of
ethics in research.
 ASSIGNMENT

1. Research about the differences between Qualitative

and Quantitative Research
2. Roles of Qualitative Research across fields
 QUALITATIVE
VS.
QUANTITATIVE
 GROUP ACTIVITY
20 minutes:
With a group of 5 members, differentiate
qualitative research and quantitative research
using the format below:
Quantitative Quantitative
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
ACROSS FIELDS
 GROUP ACTIVITY
With your group, list down how qualitative research
relevant to the following fields:

• Information and Communication Technology(ICT)

• Education
• Science and Medicine
• Agriculture