A Junkbox Touch Key, p.

34
KWWSZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 
WK

<HDU

C
COMMUNICATIONS & TECHNOLOGY
SEPTEMBER 2019
 BEST SERVICE. BEST WARRANTY. BEST VALUE. NO ONE BEATS LDG! CONTACT YOUR FAVORITE DEALER TODAY!

WHERE TO USE LDG

BALUNS & UNUNS
Not sure which balun or unun is right for your antenna? See our handy chart
below to help you determine which is the best fit for your set-up. All LDG
baluns and ununs handle up to 200 Watts PEP and cover frequencies from
1.8 to 30MHz. Visit us at www.ldgelectronics.com or see your favorite dealer
today to learn more and to see our full line of products.

 HD 
200 Watts PEP
1.8-30MHz

DIPOLE LADDER LINE/TWIN LEAD

Length = 468/freq

1:1 4:1
Balun Balun

Coax Coax

18' THRU 43' GROUND END FED WIRE

VERTICAL PLANE 30' - 135'

9:1
Unun
4:1
Unun
Coax

Coax >30' Coax Cable

1:1 Choke
Coax Unun Coax

VXSSRUW#OGJHOHFWURQLFVFRPZZZOGJHOHFWURQLFVFRP
Do You Need a Desktop
OR
A Remote Auto Tuner?
A LONG COAX RUN CAN BE SURPRISINGLY LOSSY,
ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU USE YOUR TUNER TO
MANAGE A HIGH SWR. LDG MAKES REMOTE
TUNERS THAT ELIMINATE MOST OR ALL OF THAT
LOSS BY MATCHING AT OR NEAR THE
ANTENNA’S FEED POINT.

1. PUT UP YOUR ANTENNA, UP TO 10:1 SWR

2. CHOOSE AN LDG DESKTOP TUNER FOR LESS THAN 100 FEET OF COAX

< 100’ COAX

RADIO DESKTOP
TUNER

OR CHOOSE AN LDG REMOTE TUNER FOR MORE THAN 100 FEET OF COAX.

> 100’ COAX

+ RADIO REMOTE
TUNER

3. DELIVER MAXIMUM POWER TO YOUR ANTENNA

FOR MAXIMUM ON-THE-AIR FUN!

FROM THE 2005 ARRL HANDBOOK SWR DESKTOP REMOTE

FIGURES 21.4 AND 21.5 1.5:1 1.0db 1.0db
10:1 3.0db 1.0db
100 FEET RG-8 COAX, 30MHz, 100 WATTS,
DELIVERED 50W 80W
ANTENNA SWR 10:1 POWER

SUPPORT@LDGELECTRONICS.COM 410-586-2177 WWW.LDGELECTRONICS.COM

BEST PRODUCTS. BEST VALUE. BEST WARRANTY. CONTACT YOUR FAVORITE DEALER TODAY!
 ANNOUNCEMENTS EDITORIAL STAFF
5LFKDUG60RVHVRQ:98(GLWRU
-DVRQ)HOGPDQ.',:00DQDJLQJ(GLWRU
6(37(0%(5 6XVDQ0RVHVRQ(GLWRULDO&RQVXOWDQW
%2;%2528*+0$66$&+86(776²)(0$5$ ZLOOKROGWKH1RUWKHDVW+DP;SRVLWLRQDW%R[ERUR DQG CONTRIBUTING EDITORS
$55/1HZ(QJODQG6HFWLRQ&RQYHQWLRQ IURPQRRQWRSP)ULGD\6HSWHPEHUDPWRSP .HQW%ULWDLQ:$9-%$QWHQQDV
6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDQGDPWRQRRQ6XQGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH%R[ERURXJK5HJHQF\+RWHO
(GGLH'H<RXQJ$($$ $ZDUGV
$GDPV 3ODFH &RQWDFW 0LNH 5DLVEHFN .7:)   (PDLO NWZI#DUUORUJ! :HEVLWH
*HUU\/'H[WHU 7KH/LVWHQLQJ3RVW
ZZZER[ERURRUJ!7DONLQ3/3/9(H[DPVVSHFLDOHYHQWVWDWLRQ:1
&('$5%85*:,6&216,1²7KH2]DXNHH5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGLWVWK $QQXDO)DOO$PDWHXU5DGLR -RH(LVHQEHUJ.Ø1(%.LW%XLOGLQJ
DQG +REE\ 6ZDSIHVW IURP  DP WR QRRQ 6DWXUGD\ 6HSWHPEHU  DW WKH &HGDUEXUJ )LUHPDQ¶V 3DUN 7RQ\(PDQXHOH.=59+)
 :DVKLQJWRQ $YHQXH &RQWDFW :,35   RU   :HEVLWH ZZZR]DXNHH 7RPDV+RRG1:86 3URSDJDWLRQ
UDGLRFOXERUJ! -RKQ/DQJULGJH.%1-'0)/)2SHUDWLQJ
0(1$$5.$16$6²7KHWK 4XHHQ:LOKHOPLQD+DPIHVW DQG$55/$UNDQVDV6WDWH&RQYHQWLRQ $QWKRQ\/XVFUH.=70LFURFRQWUROOHUV
ZLOOEHKHOG)ULGD\6HSWHPEHUDQG6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH4XHHQ:LOKHOPLQD6WDWH3DUN+LJKZD\ ,UZLQ0DWK:$1'0 0DWK¶V1RWHV
:HVW&RQWDFW-DPHV&DUQDWKDQ1$'QDG#DWWQHW!:HEVLWHZZZPHQDKDPIHVWQHW!9(H[DPV -RH0RHOO.Ø29 +RPLQJ,Q
2.(0260,&+,*$1²7KH&HQWUDO0LFKLJDQ$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGLWV+DPIHVW IURP (ULF1LFKROV./$-$QDORJ$GYHQWXUHV
DPWRSP6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH2NHPRV&RQIHUHQFH&HQWHU%DOOURRP8QLYHUVLW\3DUN'ULYH 5RQ2FKX.2Ø= /HDUQLQJ&XUYH
(PDLOKDPIHVW#FHQWUDOPLDUFFRP!:HEVLWHZZZFHQWUDOPLDUFFRPKDPIHVW!7DONLQ3/ -HII5HLQKDUGW$$-50RELOH5DGLR0DJLF
9(H[DPV 6FRWW5RXJKW.$60$453
586+&,7<0,11(627$²7KH(DVW&HQWUDO0LQQHVRWD$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGWKHWK $QQXDO 'RQ5RWROR1,5='LJLWDO
5XVK&LW\5DGLR5HQGH]YRXV IURPDPWRQRRQ6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDW5XVK&LW\+LJK6FKRRO 5REGH6DQWRV.5.' &RPPXQLFDWLRQV+RUL]RQV
)DLUILHOG$YHQXH:HEVLWHZZZPDJLFUHSHDWHUQHW!7DONLQ3/ :DOW3DOPHU:$/7(PHUJHQF\&RPPXQLFDWLRQV
6+(3+(5'69,//(.(178&.<²7KH*UHDWHU/RXLVYLOOH+DPIHVW$VVRFLDWLRQ ZLOOKROGWKH*UHDWHU
%RE6FKHQFN122';
/RXLVYLOOH+DPIHVW IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH3DURTXHW6SULQJV&RQIHUHQFH
'DYLG6LGGDOO.=-&RQWHVWLQJ
&HQWUH3DURTXHW6SULQJV'ULYH&RQWDFW*/+$32%R[/RXLVYLOOH.<:HEVLWH
KWWSORXLVYLOOHKDPIHVWFRP! 7DONLQ  3/  RU  3/  9( H[DPV ';&& FDUG -DVRQ7RJ\HU.%&10 6SXULRXV6LJQDOV
FKHFNLQJ *RUGRQ:HVW:%12$6KRUW&LUFXLWV
635,1*),(/'1(%5$6.$²7KH$N6DU%HQ$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGLWV)/($(67$$QQXDO :D\QH<RVKLGD.+:=7KH+DP1RWHERRN
+DP5DGLR)OHD0DUNHW IURPDPWRQRRQ6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH6DUS\&RXQW\)DLU*URXQGV
0DLQ6WUHHW(PDLOIOHD#DNVDUEHQDUFRUJ!:HEVLWHZZZDNVDUEHQDUFRUJ! AWARD MANAGEMENT
635,1*/$.(1(:-(56(<²7KH2FHDQ0RQPRXWK$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGLWV)DOO+DPIHVW -RKQ%HUJPDQ.&/. :$=$ZDUG
IURPDPWRQRRQ6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDW7KH6SULQJ/DNH+HLJKWV)LUH&RPSDQ\1R6L[WK %ULDQ%LUG1;‘; 86$&$&XVWRGLDQ
$YHQXH&RQWDFW-RH.UXV]HZVNL.&696(PDLOMRHNUX#KRWPDLOFRP!7DONLQ 6WHYH%ROLD1%-4:3;$ZDUG
3/9(H[DPV .HLWK*LOEHUWVRQ.‘.* &4';$ZDUG
9,5*,1,$%($&+9,5*,1,$²7KH9LUJLQLD%HDFK+DPIHVWDQG&RQYHQWLRQ ZLOOEHKHOGIURPDP
WRSP6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH9LUJLQLD%HDFK&RQYHQWLRQ&HQWHUWK 6WUHHW&RQWDFW%LOO CONTEST MANAGEMENT
+ROODQG :$(8/  (DUO RI &KHVWHUILHOG /DQH 9LUJLQLD %HDFK 9$  (PDLO ZDHXO#DUUOQHW! $QG\%ODQN117&40HWHU&RQWHVW
:HEVLWHZZZYLUJLQLDEHDFKKDPIHVWFRP!7DONLQ3/9(H[DPV -RKQ'RUU.$5&4::';&RQWHVW
:<20,1*0,&+,*$1²7KH*UDQG5DSLGV$PDWHXU5DGLR$VVRFLDWLRQ ZLOOKROGWKH*5$+DPIHVW -..DOHQRZVN\.-. &49+)&RQWHVW
 IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDW7KH+RPH6FKRRO%XLOGLQJ%XUOLQJDPH$YHQXH (G0XQV:Ø<.&4 577<&RQWHVW
6:&RQWDFW.&1.$:HEVLWHZZZZGFRUJ!7DONLQ3/9(H[DPVFDUG -RKQ6ZHHQH\.(/&4 ';0DUDWKRQ
FKHFNLQJ 7HUU\=LYQH\17=&4:::3;&RQWHVW
%87/(53(116</9$1,$²7KH%XWOHU&RXQW\$PDWHXU5DGLR$VVRFLDWLRQ ZLOOKROGLWV6ZDSIHVW IURP
DPWRSP6XQGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH8QLRQYLOOH)LUH'HSDUWPHQW0DKRRG5RDG&RQWDFW-RH BUSINESS STAFF
6FLXOOL1:+(PDLOQZKMRH#JPDLOFRP!:HEVLWHKWWSZXG[RUJ!7DONLQ 5LFKDUG$5RVV.0*$3XEOLVKHU
9(H[DPV
'RURWK\.HKZLHGHU$VVRFLDWH3XEOLVKHU
),1'/$<2+,2²7KH)LQGOD\5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGLWVWK $QQXDO+DPIHVW EHJLQQLQJDP6XQGD\
$GYHUWLVLQJ
6HSWHPEHUDWWKH+DQFRFN&RXQW\)DLUJURXQGV(6DQGXVN\6WUHHW3KRQH(PDLO
KDPIHVW#ILQGOD\UDGLRFOXERUJ!:HEVLWHZZZILQGOD\UDGLRFOXERUJ! 5LFKDUG60RVHVRQ:98$VVRFLDWH3XEOLVKHU
5,&+021' .(178&.< ² 7KH &HQWUDO .HQWXFN\ $PDWHXU 5DGLR 6RFLHW\ ZLOO KROG WKH 5LFKPRQG (GLWRULDO
+DPIHVW IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH0DGLVRQ&RXQW\)DLUJURXQGV2OG.< (PLO\/HDU\6DOHV&RRUGLQDWRU
:HEVLWHZZZFNDUVRUUJ!7DONLQ3/9(H[DPV 'RULV:DWWV$FFRXQWLQJ'HSDUWPHQW
67&+$5/(6,//,12,6²7KHWK $QQXDO:';&&';&RQYHQWLRQ ZLOOEHKHOGIURPDPWRSP
6DWXUGD\ 6HSWHPEHU  DW WKH 3KHDVDQW 5XQ 5HVRUW  ( 0DLQ 6WUHHW &RQWDFW /DUU\ *UHHQEXUJ CIRCULATION STAFF
ZDPDJ#DPHULWHFKQHW! :HEVLWH ZZZZG[FFFRP! ';&&  :$6  98&& DQG &4 $ZDUG FDUG &KHU\O'L/RUHQ]R&XVWRPHU6HUYLFH0DQDJHU
FKHFNLQJ
$'5,$10,&+,*$1²7KH$GULDQ$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGLWVWK $QQXDO+DPIHVWDQG&RPSXWHU PRODUCTION STAFF
6KRZ EHJLQQLQJDP6XQGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH/HQDZHH&RXQW\$LUSRUW:&DGPXV5RDG(PDLO (OL]DEHWK5\DQ $UW'LUHFWRU
FTQX]#FRPFDVWQHW!:HEVLWHZZZZWTHFRP!7DONLQ3/ 'RURWK\.HKUZLHGHU3URGXFWLRQ'LUHFWRU
&$0%5,'*(0$66$&+86(776²7KH+DUYDUG:LUHOHVV&OXE0,7(OHFWURQLFV5HVHDUFK6RFLHW\ (PLO\/HDU\ 3URGXFWLRQ0DQDJHU
0,78+)5HSHDWHU$VVRFLDWLRQDQGWKH0,75DGLR6RFLHW\ ZLOOKROGWKH)OHDDW0,7 IURPDPWRSP +DO.HLWK,OOXVWUDWRU
6XQGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH3DUNLQJ*DUDJHRQWKHFRUQHURI$OEDQ\DQG0DLQ6WUHHWV3KRQH /DUU\0XOYHKLOO:%=3, 6WDII3KRWRJUDSKHU
:HEVLWHZZZVZDSIHVWXV!7DONLQ3/
72:$0(1&,172:16+,33(116</9$1,$² 6SHFLDOHYHQWVWDWLRQ:/ ZLOOEHRSHUDWLQJEHJLQQLQJ $SXEOLFDWLRQRI
0RQGD\6HSWHPEHUWKURXJK:HGQHVGD\6HSWHPEHUWRFRPPHPRUDWHWKHQG DQQLYHUVDU\RIVDY &4&RPPXQLFDWLRQV,QF
LQJ7KH/LEHUW\%HOO)UHTXHQFLHVLQFOXGH0+]IRU66%DQG0+]IRU&: :HVW-RKQ6WUHHW
DQG0+]IRU)7:HEVLWHZZZZOLQIR! +LFNVYLOOH1<86$
$/%848(548( 1(: 0(;,&2 ² 7KH 'XNH &LW\ +DPIHVW DQG  $55/ 1HZ 0H[LFR 6WDWH
&RQYHQWLRQ ZLOOEHKHOG)ULGD\6HSWHPEHUWKURXJK6XQGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH,VOHWD5HVRUW &DVLQR &4 $PDWHXU 5DGLR ,661 ; 9ROXPH  1R 
&RQIHUHQFH &HQWHU  %URDGZD\ %RXOHYDUG 6( (PDLO LQIR#GXNHFLW\KDPIHVWRUJ! :HEVLWH 3XEOLVKHGPRQWKO\E\&4 &RPPXQLFDWLRQV,QF:HVW-RKQ
6WUHHW+LFNVYLOOH1<7HOHSKRQH(PDLO
ZZZGXNHFLW\KDPIHVWRUJ!9(H[DPVFDUGFKHFNLQJ FT#FTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP )D[  :HE VLWH
0$',621:(679,5*,1,$²7KH&RDO&RXQWU\$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGWKHUG $QQXDO&&$5& ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 3HULRGLFDOV 3RVWDJH 3DLG DW
+DPIHVW EHJLQQLQJDP6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH0DGLVRQ&LYLF&HQWHU:DVKLQJWRQ$YHQXH +LFNVYLOOH 1<  DQG DW DGGLWLRQDO PDLOLQJ RIILFHV
&RQWDFW.HQ&UHJJHUNGFUHJJHU#JPDLOFRP!:HEVLWHZZZZYFFFRUJ!7DONLQ9(
H[DPV
%/220,1*721,1',$1$²7KH%ORRPLQJWRQ$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGLWV+DPIHVW IURPDP
WRSP6XQGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH0RQURH&RXQW\)DLUJURXQGV1$LUSRUW5RDG&RQWDFW-LPP\
6XEVFULSWLRQ SULFHV  DOO LQ 86 GROODUV 'RPHVWLFRQH \HDU
 WZR \HDUV  WKUHH \HDUV  &DQDGD
0H[LFRRQH \HDU  WZR \HDUV  WKUHH \HDUV
)RUHLJQ$LU3RVWRQH\HDUWZR\HDUV
WKUHH \HDUV  6LQJOH FRS\  86 *RYHUQPHQW
.&53;   (PDLO NFUS[#DUUOQHW! :HEVLWH ZZZEORRPLQJWRQKDPIHVWRUJ! 7DONLQ $JHQFLHV 6XEVFULSWLRQVWR&4 DUHDYDLODEOHWRDJHQFLHVRIWKH
3/9(H[DPVIR[KXQW 8QLWHG6WDWHVJRYHUQPHQWLQFOXGLQJPLOLWDU\VHUYLFHVRQO\RQ
D FDVK ZLWK RUGHU EDVLV 5HTXHVWV IRU TXRWDWLRQV ELGV FRQ
3(25,$,//,12,6²7KH3HRULD$UHD$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGWKH3HRULD6XSHUIHVW DQG WUDFWVHWFZLOOEHUHIXVHGDQGZLOOQRWEHUHWXUQHGRUSURFHVVHG
$55/,OOLQRLV6WDWH&RQYHQWLRQ IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDQGIURPDPWRSP (QWLUHFRQWHQWVFRS\ULJKWHGE\&4 &RPPXQLFDWLRQV,QF
6XQGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH([SRVLWLRQ*DUGHQV:1RUWKPRRU5RDG3KRQH(PDLO &4 GRHVQRWDVVXPHUHVSRQVLELOLW\IRUXQVROLFLWHGPDQXVFULSWV
ZXYL#DUUOQHW!:HEVLWHZZZZXYLRUJ!7DONLQ3/9(H[DPVEDOORRQODXQFK $OORZVL[ZHHNVIRUFKDQJHRIDGGUHVV
81,21 *$3 :$6+,1*721 ² 7KH 1<5& 7DLOJDWH  6ZDSPHHW ZLOO EH KHOG IURP  DP WR  SP
6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH<DNLPD2IILFHRI(PHUJHQF\0DQDJHPHQWSDUNLQJORW6RXWKWK 6WUHHW 3ULQWHGLQWKH86$
32670$67(56HQGDGGUHVVFKDQJHVWR
&RQWDFW5RG5DWK.&945(PDLONFYTU#DUUOQHW!
&4$PDWHXU5DGLR:-RKQ6WUHHW+LFNVYLOOH1<
&RQWLQXHGRQSDJH
 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH
 HAM RADIO NEWS
NOAA: Prepare for Above-Normal Hurricane LQJDSSURDFK´WKDWSUHFOXGHGWKHPIURPPRYLQJIRUZDUGHYHQ
Activity RQDUHDVLQZKLFKWKH\IRXQGFRPPRQJURXQG,WZLOOQRZEHXS
7KH 1DWLRQDO 2FHDQLF DQG $WPRVSKHULF $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ¶V WRWKH)&&WRVRUWLWDOORXWDQGPDNHDGHFLVLRQ
12$$¶V&OLPDWH3UHGLFWLRQ&HQWHUKDVLVVXHGDUHYLVHGIRUH
FDVWIRUWKH$WODQWLFKXUULFDQHVHDVRQVXJJHVWLQJWKDWLW
PLJKWEHPRUHDFWLYHWKDQRULJLQDOO\SUHGLFWHG12$$VD\VWKH
(O1LxRSDWWHUQLQWKH3DFLILF²ZKLFKW\SLFDOO\VXSSUHVVHVKXU
ULFDQH DFWLYLW\ LQ WKH $WODQWLF ² KDV HQGHG DQG PRUH QDPHG
VWRUPVDUHQRZOLNHO\7KHQHZIRUHFDVWSUHGLFWVWKHUHZLOOEH
QDPHGVWRUPVRIZKLFKDERXWKDOIPD\EHFRPHKXUUL
FDQHV LQFOXGLQJ  PDMRU KXUULFDQHV ZLWK VXVWDLQHG ZLQGV
1HZ+DPSVKLUH7RZHU&ROODSVH.LOOV2QH+DP
,QMXUHV$QRWKHU
7ZR KDPV GLVPDQWOLQJ D WRZHU LQ 'HHUILHOG 1HZ
+DPSVKLUHLQODWH-XO\IHOOVRPHIHHWWRWKHJURXQGZKHQ
WKHWRZHUFROODSVHG7KH$55//HWWHUUHSRUWVWKDW\HDU
ROG-RVHSK$UH\]DJD.-*$ZDVNLOOHGLQWKHIDOOZKLOH
\HDUROG0LFKDHO5DQFRXUW.(((ZKRRZQHGWKHWRZHU
JUHDWHUWKDQPLOHVSHUKRXU+XUULFDQHVHDVRQUXQVWKURXJK
1RYHPEHU  ZLWK $XJXVW 6HSWHPEHU DQG 2FWREHU W\SLFDOO\
EHLQJWKHPRVWDFWLYHPRQWKV,I\RXOLYHLQDKXUULFDQHSURQH
DUHDEHVXUHWKDWERWK\RXUSHUVRQDODQGKDPUDGLRSUHSDUHG
QHVVNLWVDUHUHDG\DVQHHGHG
Hamvention Attendance Tops 30,000
$WWHQGDQFHUHERXQGHGDWWKH'D\WRQ+DPYHQWLRQŠFRP
LQJ LQ DW  DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH 'D\WRQ $PDWHXU 5DGLR
$VVRFLDWLRQ7KDW¶VDQLQFUHDVHRIPRUHWKDQSHRSOHRYHU
 ZKLFK KDG VHHQ D GHFUHDVH LQ DWWHQGDQFH IURP 
2IILFLDOV VDLG WKHLU IUHH 6XQGD\RQO\ DGPLVVLRQ H[SHULPHQW
DFFRXQWHGIRUDERXWDGGLWLRQDODWWHQGHHVEXWFRQVLGHULW
VXFFHVVIXOHQRXJKWRUHSHDWLWQH[W\HDU7KHLGHDZDVWRJLYH
QRQKDPVIURPWKH;HQLD2KLRDUHDDQRSSRUWXQLW\WRVHHZKDW
+DPYHQWLRQDQGKDPUDGLRDUHDOODERXW$FFRUGLQJWR'$5$
WKLV\HDU¶VDWWHQGHHVFDPHIURPDOO86VWDWHVDQGWHUULWRULHV
DVZHOODVRWKHUFRXQWULHVDURXQGWKHZRUOG
FT4 Released as “Finished Protocol” for Digital
Contesting
7KHODWHVW³JHQHUDODYDLODELOLW\´SDFNDJHRIWKH:6-7;GLJLWDO
PRGHVXLWH²YHUVLRQ²ZDVUHOHDVHGLQPLG-XO\DQG
LQFOXGHVWKHQHZ)7PRGHDV³DILQLVKHGSURWRFROIRU+)FRQ
WHVWLQJ´DFFRUGLQJWRWKH:6-7'HYHORSPHQW*URXS7KH$55/
/HWWHU DOVRUHSRUWVWKDWWKHQHZSDFNDJHLQFOXGHVRWKHUEXJIL[HV
DQGJHQHUDOLPSURYHPHQWVLQFOXGLQJDQXSJUDGHWR)7ZDYH
IRUPJHQHUDWLRQLPSURYHGXVHULQWHUIDFHULJFRQWURODQGFRQ
WHVW ORJJLQJ IHDWXUHV $V ZLWK RWKHU PDMRU XSGDWHV WR :6-7
XVHUVDUHVWURQJO\HQFRXUDJHGWRLQVWDOOWKHQHZYHUVLRQDQG
VWRS XVLQJ SUHYLRXV RQHV LQFOXGLQJ ³UHOHDVH FDQGLGDWH´ YHU
VLRQV7KHQHZYHUVLRQRI:6-7;PD\EHGRZQORDGHGIURP
KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\WJIZS!DORQJZLWKWKHXVHUJXLGHLQVHY
HUDOODQJXDJHV
2QDUHODWHGQRWHWKH$55/UHSRUWVWKDW/RJERRNRIWKH:RUOG
KDVEHHQXSGDWHGWRSHUPLW)7FRQWDFWVWRFRXQWIRULWV'LJLWDO
ZDVVHULRXVO\LQMXUHG5HSRUWVVDLGWKHWLOWRYHUWRZHUKDG
EHHQEROWHGWRWKHKRXVHWRNHHSLWIURPIDOOLQJGXULQJWKH
GLVDVVHPEO\EXWLWDSSHDUHGWKDWWZRRILWVWKUHHOHJVVSOLW
RSHQDQGWKHWKLUGEHQWMXVWDERYHWKHWLOWEDVH,Q-XQHD
KDPLQ3HQQV\OYDQLDZDVDOVRNLOOHGLQDWRZHUFROODSVH
Hams Help in Search for Missing Teen
+DPUDGLRRSHUDWRUVSOD\HGDPDMRUUROHLQDQXOWLPDWHO\VXF
FHVVIXOVHDUFK-XO\IRUD\HDUROG3HQQV\OYDQLDER\ZLWK
DXWLVP0RUHWKDQWZRGR]HQKDPVZHUHDPRQJWKHPDQ\SUR
IHVVLRQDO DQG YROXQWHHU VHDUFKHUV DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH $55/
/HWWHUVHUYLQJDVWHDPOHDGHUVDQGSURYLGLQJ³VROLGFRPPXQL
FDWLRQ´DPRQJVHDUFKHUV$IWHUDERXWVL[KRXUVWKH\RXQJPDQ
ZDVIRXQGVDIHDQGUHXQLWHGZLWKKLVIDPLO\LQ6LQNLQJ6SULQJ
3HQQV\OYDQLD DERXW KDOIZD\ EHWZHHQ 3KLODGHOSKLD DQG
+DUULVEXUJ
New FAA Rules Exempt Most Ham Towers from
Marking Requirements; Add Regulation of Drones
7KH )HGHUDO $YLDWLRQ $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ 5HDXWKRUL]DWLRQ $FW RI
ZKLFKUHFHQWO\EHFDPHODZLQFOXGHVQHZPDUNLQJUHTXLUH
PHQWVIRUPDQ\DQWHQQDWRZHUVDQGDGGVQHZUHTXLUHPHQWVIRU
RSHUDWRUVRI³UHFUHDWLRQDOGURQHV´+RZHYHUWKH$55//HWWHU
UHSRUWVWKDWZKLOHDIHZKDPWRZHUVZLOOQHHGWREHPDUNHGDQG
UHJLVWHUHGXQGHUWKHQHZODZWKRVHLQUHVLGHQWLDO\DUGVRUZLWK
LQIDUPODQGDUHVSHFLILFDOO\H[HPSWHG0RUHLQIRUPDWLRQLVDYDLO
DEOHIURPWKH$55/DWKWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\NG\E!
7KHVDPHODZDOVRDGGVQHZUHVWULFWLRQVRQWKHUHFUHDWLRQDO
XVHRIGURQHVZKLFKWKH$55/VD\VZRXOGLQFOXGHPRVWXVHV
E\KDPV5HTXLUHPHQWVLQFOXGHUHJLVWHULQJDVD³PRGHOHU´DQG
ODEHOLQJ\RXUGURQHZLWK\RXU)$$UHJLVWUDWLRQQXPEHUSDVVLQJ
DQDHURQDXWLFDONQRZOHGJHDQGVDIHW\WHVWNHHSLQJWKHGURQH
ZLWKLQVLJKWRIWKHRSHUDWRURURIDQRWKHUSHUVRQLQGLUHFWFRP
PXQLFDWLRQZLWKWKHRSHUDWRUDQGQHYHUIO\LQJRYHUJURXSVRI
SHRSOHRUQHDUHPHUJHQF\RUGLVDVWHUUHFRYHU\VLWHV7KHDGYL
:RUNHG$OO6WDWHVDZDUG$FFRUGLQJWRWKH$55//HWWHU ³QR
DGGLWLRQDOHQGRUVHPHQWVDUHXQGHUFRQVLGHUDWLRQDWWKLVWLPH´
ARRL “Symbol Rate” Mediation Efforts Fail
7KH $55/ UHSRUWV LW ZDV QRW VXFFHVVIXO LQ LWV DWWHPSW WR ILQG
VRU\ FLUFXODU ZLWK GHWDLOV RQ WKH UHTXLUHPHQWV ² KWWSV
WLQ\XUOFRP\K][!²GRHVQRWDGGUHVVWKHXVHRI³UHFUH
DWLRQDO´GURQHVLQDVVRFLDWLRQZLWKDPDWHXUUDGLRHPHUJHQF\RU
SXEOLFVHUYLFHDFWLYLWLHV,I\RXUJURXSXVHVGURQHVIRUWKHVHSXU
SRVHVZHVXJJHVWWDONLQJZLWK\RXUORFDOGLUHFWRURIHPHUJHQF\
PDQDJHPHQWDERXWKRZDQGZKHWKHUWKH\PD\EHXVHG
FRPPRQ JURXQG EHWZHHQ SURSRQHQWV RI $XWRPDWLFDOO\
&RQWUROOHG'LJLWDO6WDWLRQV$&'6RQ+)²SULPDULO\XVHUVRI
WKH:LQOLQNUDGLRHPDLOSURWRFRO²DQGDPDWHXUVZKRZDQWWKH
IUHTXHQFLHVDYDLODEOHWRWKRVHVWDWLRQVOLPLWHGWRSUHYHQWSRVVL
EOHLQWHUIHUHQFH7KH)&&LVFXUUHQWO\FRQVLGHULQJD1RWLFHRI
3URSRVHG5XOH0DNLQJRQWKHPDWWHUDQGWKH$55/KDGDVNHG
IRUDPRQWKGHOD\LQWKHSURFHHGLQJVRLWFRXOGWU\WRILQGFRQ
VHQVXVEHWZHHQWKHRSSRVLQJYLHZSRLQWV$VHULHVRILQSHUVRQ
PHHWLQJV DQG WHOHFRQIHUHQFHV IROORZHG EXW GHVSLWH UHDFKLQJ
DJUHHPHQWRQVRPHRIWKHLVVXHVQHLWKHUJURXSZDVZLOOLQJWR
PDNH D VXEPLVVLRQ WR WKH )&& EDVHG RQ WKHLU DUHDV RI FRQ
VHQVXV $FFRUGLQJ WR WKH $55/ /HWWHU /HDJXH :DVKLQJWRQ
&RXQVHO'DYLG6LGGDOO.=-ERWKJURXSVKDGDQ³DOORUQRWK
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
Application Period Open for ARRL Foundation
Scholarship Program
<RXQJKDPVVHHNLQJVFKRODUVKLSVIRUSRVWVHFRQGDU\HGXFD
WLRQPD\DSSO\WRWKH$55/)RXQGDWLRQ6FKRODUVKLS3URJUDP
IRU RQH RU PRUH RI WKH PDQ\ JUDQWV LW DGPLQLVWHUV EHWZHHQ
6HSWHPEHUDQG'HFHPEHUIRUWKHDFD
GHPLF \HDU 5HTXLUHPHQWV IRU HDFK DZDUG YDU\ ZLWK VRPH
RIIHUHGRQO\WRUHVLGHQWVRIFHUWDLQ$55/GLYLVLRQVRUSXUVXLQJ
FHUWDLQDFDGHPLFPDMRUVVRLWLVLPSRUWDQWWRUHDGWKURXJKWKH
VSHFLILFV 'HWDLOHG LQIRUPDWLRQ LV DYDLODEOH DW ZZZDUUORUJ
VFKRODUVKLSSURJUDP!
6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 
 CONTENTS
SEPTEMBER 2019 • VOLUME 75 NUMBER 9

&29(5 5(68/762)
7+(&4:::3;
66%&217(67
2YHU&RPSHWLWRUV%DWWOH
LW2XW)RU7RS+RQRUVLQWKH

3UHIL[:DU

%\7HUU\=LYQH\17=

6HUJH\%DEDNKLQ(8$RSHUDWHVWKH
&4:::3;66%&RQWHVWDWKLVVLQ
JOHRS WZRUDGLR 625 VWDWLRQ LQ
0LQVN %HODUXV 'HWDLOV RQ SDJH 
FRQWHVWUHVXOWVRQSDJH



FEATURES )2&86 21 &RPSHWLWLRQVWDUWVKHDWLQJXSLQ6HSWHPEHUZKHWKHU\RXDUH

 $0(5,&$¶692,&(
$7RXURIWKH9RLFHRI$PHULFD
0XVHXPLQ2KLR
%\%RE+RSNLQV:%8'&
 86,1*$5$',2¶6648(/&+$6$
67$7,21&21752//(5
:%<%06KDUHV7LSV)RU8VLQJ$
5DGLR¶V6TXHOFK&LUFXLW7R&RQWURO
2WKHU3LHFHVRI6WDWLRQ(TXLSPHQW
%\.ODXV6SLHV:%<%0
 &4 &/$66,&
:KDW<RX&DQ'R:LWK0LFURZDYHV
FKDVLQJWKHWRSVSRWLQDFRQWHVWRUDGGLQJPRUHZDOOSDSHUWR\RXUVKDFN
&4 KDV\RXFRYHUHG)LUVWUHDGDOODERXWWKHUXQQLQJRIWKH&4::
:3; 66%&RQWHVWRQSDJHDQGVHHWKHIXOOVFRUHVRQSDJH&RQWHVW
(GLWRU'DYLG6LGGDOO.=-WHOOXVDOODERXWWKHXSFRPLQJFRQWHVWVRQSDJH
 $QGZHZHOFRPHRXUQHZ$ZDUGV(GLWRU(GGLH'H<RXQJ$($$RQ
SDJH
 .,7%8,/',1*&XULQJ$0%URDGFDVW  $:$5'6,QWURGXFWLRQ2XU1HZ
/RXGPRXWKVDQGD1HZ'XPP\ $ZDUGV(GLWRUDQG³%DFNWRWKH
%\-RH(LVHQEHUJ.Ø1(% &4XWXUH´
 &20081,&$7,216+25,=216 %\(GGLH'H<RXQJ$($$
'LJLWDOO\6SHDNLQJ  ';7KH&DUHDQG)HHGLQJRI46/
%\0*%HOO-DQLVVXH %\5RQ'H6DQWRV.5.' 0DQDJHUV
 7+( +$0 127(%22.0DNHU)DLUH %\%RE6FKHQFN122
 7+(/,%5$5<7+,1*$1'
7,1<&$7:‘5:¶621/,1(+$0 %D\$UHD5HFDS  &217(67,1*$OO$VLD3KRQH$$
5$',2/(1',1*/,%5$5< 7KH/DVW2QH" DQG:RUNHG$OO(XURSH';3KRQH
:‘5: ([SODLQV+RZWR2UJDQL]HDQG
6KDUH<RXU'LJLWDO/LEUDU\
%\3DXO6LJQRUHOOL:‘5:
 $-81.%2;728&+.(<
1(50¶V3URMHFW:LOO+HOS<RX0DNH
<RXU2ZQ.H\HU3DGGOHV)URP
6XUSOXV3DUWV
%\%XUW9DQGHUFOXWH1(50
 &203/(7(6&25(6 2) 7+(
&4:::3; 66% &217(67
%\7HUU\=LYQH\17=
%\:D\QH<RVKLGD.+:=
 0,&52&21752//(56,1
$0$7(85 5$',27KH³0´V+DYH,W
0HPRU\&RPPDQGHU0RUVHDQG
0LFURFRQWUROOHUVDQGD0DJ3L
%\$QWKRQ\$/XVFUH.=7
 /($51,1* &859(,QWURGXFWLRQ
WR'05
%\5RQ2FKX.2Ø=
 ',*,7$/&211(&7,21 2XWGRRU
(TXLSPHQW
%\'RQ5RWROR1,5=
:$('&&RPSHLWLRQV/HDGRIIWKH
)DOO &RQWHVW6HDVRQ
%\'DYLG6LGGDOO.=-
 3523$*$7,21$ERXW7KLV
+RW6XQ
%\7RPDV+RRG1:86
2 $11281&(0(176
3 +$05$',21(:6
5, 9, 70 NEWSBYTES
8 =(52%,$6

COLUMNS 37 WHAT’S NEW

DEPARTMENTS 43 2855($'(566$<
 0$7+¶6 127(63RZHU6XSSOLHV 51 6385,286 6,*1$/6
5HYLVLWHG  (0(5*(1&<&20081,&$7,216 60 21 7+( &29(5
%\,UZLQ0DWK:$1'0 'R:H3UDFWLFH:KDW:H3UHDFK" 90 %(+,1'7+(%</,1(6
 7+( /,67(1,1* 3267$OO,QGLD %\:DOW3DOPHU:$/7
110 /22.,1* $+($'
5DGLR8QGHU7KUHDWRI&ORVXUH  9+) 3/869+) ';3HGLWLRQV
%\*HUU\'H[WHU %\7RQ\(PDQXHOH.=5 112 +$0 6+23
 NEWS BYTES
LQ-XO\ZKHUHWKH3-<WHDPPDGH )RXQGDWLRQ¶V³6XSUHPH´ DZDUGZKLFK
DUHFRUGFRQWDFWVZLWKFRXQ LV SUHVHQWHG DV D UHSOLFD RI WKH ERDW
WULHVRYHUILYHGD\V'KUXYKDVHDUQHG <$60(RQZKLFK';SHGLWLRQHU'DQQ\
1HZVOLQH<RXQJ+DPRIWKH<HDU
'KUXY5HEED.&=-;RSHUDWLQJIURP
&XUDFDR DV 3-< DV D PHPEHU RI
WKH'DYH.DOWHU0HPRULDO<RXWK
';$GYHQWXUHWHDP3KRWRFRXUWHV\
PDQ\DFFRODGHVIRUKLVDPDWHXUUDGLR :HLO939%6.VDLOHGWKHZRUOGLQ
SXUVXLWV LQFOXGLQJ WKH ³<RXQJ +DP WKHVDQG¶VDQGIRUZKLFKWKH
/HQGV $ +DQG´ DZDUG DW WKH  IRXQGDWLRQ LV QDPHG 7KH DZDUG LV
'D\WRQ +DPYHQWLRQ <RXWK )RUXP LVVXHG IRU PDNLQJ FRQILUPHG FRQWDFWV
³3UHVLGHQWLDO$ZDUG´ IURP$06$7DQG ZLWK  GLIIHUHQW <$60( RIILFHUV RU
WKH³<RXQJ$FKLHYHUV$ZDUG´ IURPWKH ERDUGPHPEHUVRUZLWK';SHGLWLRQVRQ
5DGLR&OXERI$PHULFD ZKLFKD<$60(RIILFLDOLVDSDUWLFLSDQW
+HDOVRKDVWUDYHOHGWR,QGLDWRSUR ,W¶VRQHRIWKHPRUHLPSUHVVLYHORRNLQJ
PRWH DPDWHXU UDGLR DZDUHQHVV DQG DZDUGVZH¶YHVHHQ«
VWDUWHG WKH ³8QLYHUVDO +HOS )RXQG
DWLRQ´ WRKHOSXQGHUSULYLOHJHGVWXGHQWV
RQ D JOREDO VFDOH 'KUXY DOVR KDV DQ
LQWHUHVWLQURERWLFVDQGKDVZRUNHGDV
D PHQWRU KHOSLQJ HOHPHQWDU\ VFKRRO
VWXGHQWVEXLOGURERWV
'KUXYVD\VDYLVLWWRWKH$06$7ERRWK
DW WKH  'D\WRQ +DPYHQWLRQ
.&=-; SURPSWHG KLP WR VLJQ RQ IRU WKH
Dhruv Rebba, KC9ZJX, Named
2019 Amateur Radio Newsline
Young Ham of the Year
'KUXY 5HEED .&=-; RI 1RUPDO ,OOL
QRLVKDVEHHQVHOHFWHGDVWKH%LOO
3DVWHUQDN :$,7) 0HPRULDO $PDWHXU
5DGLR1HZVOLQH<RXQJ+DPRIWKH<HDU
'KUXY  LV WKH VRQ RI +DUL 5HEED
9863= DQG 6KDLODMD 3DQ\DP +H LV
HQWHULQJ KLV VRSKRPRUH \HDU DW WKH
1RUPDO&RPPXQLW\+LJK6FKRROWKLVIDOO
'KUXY HDUQHG KLV 7HFKQLFLDQ &ODVV
OLFHQVHDWDJHDQGIROORZHGLWXSD\HDU
ODWHU E\ SDVVLQJ WKH *HQHUDO &ODVV
OLFHQVHH[DP
$IWHU JHWWLQJ KLV OLFHQVH 'KUXY
EHFDPHLQYROYHGLQ)LHOG'D\DQGSXE
OLF VHUYLFH HYHQWV ZLWK WKH &HQWUDO
,OOLQRLV 5DGLR &OXE LQFOXGLQJ WKH ³:H
&DUH 7ZLQ &LWLHV 0DUDWKRQ´ DQG WKH
³+RS RQ IRU +RSH %LNH 5LGH:DON´
'KUXYVD\VKHIRXQGDZD\WRFRPELQH
KLV LQWHUHVW LQ VSDFH DQG HQJLQHHULQJ
ZLWKKLVQHZKREE\+HMRLQHG$06$7
³$PDWHXU 5DGLR ([SORUDWLRQ RQ WKH
0RRQ´ SURMHFW ³:H¶UH GHVLJQLQJ DQ
DPDWHXU UDGLR V\VWHP WR EH RQ WKH
*DWHZD\6SDFH6WDWLRQDQGWKH0RRQ´
KHVD\V
7KH<RXQJ+DPRIWKH<HDU$ZDUG
DGPLQLVWHUHGE\$PDWHXU5DGLR1HZV
OLQH LV FRVSRQVRUHG E\ 1HZVOLQH
<DHVX&4 PDJD]LQH+HLO6RXQGDQG
5DGLRZDY]$QWHQQDV'KUXYZDVSUH
VHQWHG ZLWK KLV DZDUG DQG YDULRXV
SUL]HVGXULQJWKH+XQWVYLOOH+DPIHVWLQ %LOO+HQU\.*:7
$ODEDPDRQ$XJXVW
HAL Communications Co-
CQ’s DX Editor Earns YASME Founder Bill Henry, K9GWT, SK
“Supreme” Award $PDMRUSOD\HULQHDUO\DPDWHXUUDGLR
&4';(GLWRU%RE6FKHQFN122LV GLJLWDO FRPPXQLFDWLRQV KDUGZDUH DQG
WKH ODWHVW UHFLSLHQW RI WKH <$60( VRIWZDUH² DQGDORQJWLPHIULHQGRI&4
² KDVEHFRPHD6LOHQW.H\*HRUJH:
³%LOO´ +HQU\.*:7SDVVHGDZD\LQ
PLG-XO\DWDJH
+HQU\ZDVFRIRXQGHURI+$/'HYLFHV
LQ WKH PLGV DQG HYHQWXDOO\ EH
FDPH SUHVLGHQW RI +$/ &RPPXQL
FDWLRQV&RUS7KHFRPSDQ\¶VILUVWPDMRU
VXFFHVVZDVD577<GHPRGXODWRUIRO
5DGLR$PDWHXU6DWHOOLWH&RUSRUDWLRQ ORZHG E\ D ORQJ OLQH RI GLJLWDO GHYLFHV
DQGSXUVXHGKLVGUHDPRIDVFKRROFRQ DQG VRIWZDUH LQFOXGLQJ &/29(5
WDFW ZLWK DQ DVWURQDXW DERDUG WKH +HQU\ VROG +$/ WR $XVWUDOLDEDVHG
,QWHUQDWLRQDO6SDFH6WDWLRQ %DUUHWW&RPPXQLFDWLRQVLQ
,Q 2FWREHU  KH VHUYHG DV WKH $OLIHORQJUHVLGHQWRI,OOLQRLV%LOOJUDG
OHDG FRQWURO RSHUDWRU IRU DQ $PDWHXU XDWHGIURPWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI,OOLQRLVDW
5DGLR RQ WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 6SDFH &KDPSDLJQ8UEDQD ZLWK D PDVWHU¶V
6WDWLRQ$5,66FRQWDFWZLWKVWXGHQWV
DWKLVVFKRRO7KHQLQODWH-XO\RIWKLV
\HDU'KUXYKHOSHGWRIDFLOLWDWHDQRWKHU
$5,66 FRQWDFW ZLWK LQWHUQDWLRQDO
6FRXWVDWWHQGLQJWKH:RUOG-DPERUHH
LQ:HVW9LUJLQLD
,Q'KUXYZDVVHOHFWHGIRUWKH
'DYH .DOWHU 0HPRULDO <RXWK '; $G
122¶V YHU\ LPSUHVVLYH <$60(
6XSUHPH $ZDUG 3KRWR FRXUWHV\
GHJUHH LQ HOHFWULFDO HQJLQHHULQJ ,Q
DGGLWLRQ WR DPDWHXU UDGLR %LOO SOD\HG
WKHFODULQHWHQMR\HGPRGHOUDLOURDGLQJ
DQGKHOGDSULYDWHSLORW¶VOLFHQVH
%LOOOLYHGLQ0RQWLFHOOR,OOLQRLVDQGLV
VXUYLYHGE\KLVZLIH/LQGDRQHGDXJK
WHUWKUHHVWHSGDXJKWHUVJUDQGFKLO
GUHQDQGRQHJUHDWJUDQGGDXJKWHUDV
YHQWXUH+HWUDYHOHGWR&XUDFDR,VODQG 122 ZHOODVKLVVLVWHU'LDQD

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 ZERO BIAS: A CQ Editorial
BY RICH MOSESON,* W2VU

A Tapestry of Our Own “Making”

0
\RULJLQDOSODQIRUWKLVPRQWK¶VFROXPQZDVWRORRNDWWKH RIVROLGVWDWHWHFKQRORJ\LQWHJUDWHGFLUFXLWVDQGWKHPLQLDWXUL]DWLRQ
VWDWHRIWKH³PDNHU´PRYHPHQWERWKJHQHUDOO\DQGZLWKLQ WKDWIROORZHGZHUHIRUHLJQWRKDPVZKRJUHZXSRQGLVFUHWHFRP
KDPUDGLRDVDUHVXOWRIWKHFORVLQJDQGSRVVLEOHUHELUWK SRQHQWVDQGSRLQWWRSRLQWZLULQJ3OXVWKHJURZLQJFRPSOH[LW\RI
RI0DNH PDJD]LQHDQGWKHFDQFHOODWLRQRIWKLVPRQWK¶VVFKHGXOHG KDPJHDUPDGHLWHDVLHUDQGPRUHHFRQRPLFDOWREX\FRPPHUFLDO
:RUOG0DNHU)DLUHLQ1HZ<RUN&LW\.+:=GLVFXVVHVWKLVLQKLV O\PDGHUDGLRVWKDQWREXLOG\RXURZQ7KHDJHRIWKH³DSSOLDQFH
³+DP1RWHERRN´FROXPQWKLVPRQWKDVZHOO RSHUDWRU´ DSSHDUHGWREHRYHUWDNLQJKDPUDGLR¶VEXLOGLQJWUDGLWLRQ
7KHQZHJRWQHZVRIWKHSDVVLQJRIWZRPDMRUILJXUHVLQKDPUDGLR DQGE\WKHODWHV+DP5DGLRZDVORVLQJWKHFULWLFDOPDVVRI
WHFKQRORJ\RYHUWKHSDVW\HDUVDORQJZLWKWKHVHOHFWLRQRIWKH UHDGHUVKLSDQGDGYHUWLVLQJWKDWDQ\PDJD]LQHQHHGVWRVXUYLYH,Q
1HZVOLQH<RXQJ+DPRIWKH<HDUVHHVHSDUDWHLWHPVLQ³1HZV 6NLS7HQQH\VROGWKH+DP5DGLR3XEOLVKLQJ*URXSWR&4
%\WHV´ DQG , WKRXJKW WKDW , QHHGHG WR ZULWH DERXW ZDV ZKDW DQG WKH PRQWKO\ +DP 5DGLR PDJD]LQH ZDV UHERUQ DV &RP
1HZVOLQH¶V %LOO 3DVWHUQDN :$,7) 6. XVHG WR UHIHU WR DV WKH PXQLFDWLRQV 4XDUWHUO\ ZKLFK WKULYHG IRU DQRWKHU GHFDGH EHIRUH
³FKDQJLQJRIWKHJXDUG´:KLFKGLUHFWLRQVKRXOG,JR" EHLQJVROGWR$55/DQGPHUJHGLQWR4(;
%XW WKHQ , UHDOL]HG WKDW , GLGQ¶W UHDOO\ QHHG WR PDNH D FKRLFH
EHFDXVHDOORIWKHVHSHRSOHDQGHYHQWVDUHLQWHUZRYHQHOHPHQWVRI
WKHVDPHVWRU\WKHKXPDQLPSXOVHWRXQGHUVWDQGKRZWKLQJVZRUN
WR³EXLOGLW\RXUVHOI´DQGRIKDPUDGLR¶VFHQWUDOUROHLQWKDWVWRU\DW
OHDVWZKHQLWFRPHVWRHOHFWURQLFV6ROHW¶VWDNHDTXLFNORRNDWHDFK
HOHPHQWDQGWKHQVHHKRZWKH\DOOFRPHWRJHWKHULQDWDSHVWU\WKDW
RIFRXUVHZHDUHZHDYLQJRXUVHOYHV
)LUVW0DNHU0HGLDIRXQGHU'DOH'RXJKHUW\DQQRXQFHGWKDWHFR
QRPLFVZHUHIRUFLQJKLPWRFHDVHSXEOLFDWLRQRI0DNH PDJD]LQH
DQG VKXW GRZQ WKH 0DNHVSRQVRUHG 0DNHU )DLUHV ,W ORRNHG DV
WKRXJKWKHILUVWRIWKRVH²WKH%D\$UHD0DNHU)DLUHLQ&DOLIRUQLD
²ZRXOGDOVREHWKHODVW7KHQ'RXJKHUW\DQQRXQFHGWKDWKHZDV
JRLQJWRWU\WRUHLQYHQWWKH0DNHU0HGLDHQWHUSULVHDVDPHPEHU
VKLS³FRPPXQLW\´ZLWKLQGLYLGXDOGXHVRID\HDUKRSHIXOO\SUR
YLGLQJWKHEDVHIURPZKLFKWRUHVWDUWSXEOLFDWLRQRI0DNH DQGWR
UHVXPHVSRQVRUVKLSRI0DNHU)DLUHVDURXQGWKHZRUOG
0RYLQJEDFNLQWRKDPUDGLRRYHUWKHFRXUVHRIWZRZHHNVWKLV
VXPPHU ZH ORVW +$/ &RPPXQLFDWLRQV FRIRXQGHU %LOO +HQU\
.*:7DQG+DP5DGLR PDJD]LQHFRIRXQGHUDQGSXEOLVKHU6NLS
,QWKHVDPHWLPHIUDPHUDGLRWHOHW\SH577<FDPHRIDJHLQWKH
¶V DQG ¶V DQG %LOO +HQU\ .*:7 FRIRXQGHG +$/ &RP
PXQLFDWLRQVWREXLOG577<GHPRGXODWRUVDQGDVVRFLDWHGGHYLFHV
$VSHUVRQDOFRPSXWHUVFDPHRQWKHVFHQHDQG577<JDYHELUWKWR
SDFNHWDQGDOHJLRQRIRWKHUGLJLWDOPRGHV+$/EURXJKWOHDGLQJ
HGJHKDUGZDUHDQGVRIWZDUHWRWKHPDUNHWSODFHZLWKWKHPLOLWDU\
DQG FRPPHUFLDO VHFWRUV DV SULPH FOLHQWV EXW DOZD\V NHHSLQJ WKH
KDPUDGLRPDUNHWDVSDUWRIWKHPL[
“I Void Warranties”
$V WKH V UROOHG DURXQG DQG SHUVRQDO HOHFWURQLFV EHFDPH D
JUHDWHUSDUWRIHYHU\GD\OLIHIRUPRVW$PHULFDQVPDQ\WHFKQLFDOO\
RULHQWHG SHRSOH ZKR OLNHG WR WLQNHU ZLWK WKH LQQDUGV RI HOHFWURQLF
GHYLFHVDQGWU\WR³LPSURYH´ WKHPVWDUWHGJHWWLQJIUXVWUDWHGZLWKWKH
JURZLQJQXPEHURIVHDOHGGHYLFHVZLWKODEHOVWKDWZDUQHGWKDWWKHUH
ZHUH³QRXVHUVHUYLFHDEOHSDUWVLQVLGH´ DQGWKDW³RSHQLQJFDVHZLOO
YRLGZDUUDQW\´ 7KHEDFNODVKWRWKLVZDVWKHELUWKRIWKHPDNHUPRYH
PHQWZKLFKUHOHDVHGOD\HUVRIFUHDWLYLW\WKDWUHVXOWHGLQHQWLUHQHZ
LQGXVWULHVVXFKDV'SULQWLQJMXVWDVDPDWHXUUDGLRFUHDWLYLW\KDV
7HQQH\:1/%%LOODQG6NLSZHUHPDMRUIRUFHVLQKDPUDGLRWHFK OHGWRWKHFUHDWLRQRIWKHFXEHVDWLQGXVWU\'DOH'RXJKHUW\ODXQFKHG
QRORJ\LQWKHODVWTXDUWHURIWKHWK FHQWXU\²+$/ZDVDOHDGHU 0DNHWRWU\WREULQJWRJHWKHUGLYHUVHHOHPHQWVRIWKHJURZLQJPDNHU
LQGLJLWDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQVKDUGZDUHDQGVRIWZDUHEHIRUH-RH7D\ORU FRPPXQLW\IROORZHGE\WKHVWDUWRIZLOGO\VXFFHVVIXO0DNHU)DLUHV
WXUQHGKLVDWWHQWLRQWRUHVKDSLQJRXUGLJLWDOPRGHVDQG+DP5DGLR
LVVWLOOFRQVLGHUHGWKHILQHVWDPDWHXUUDGLRWHFKQLFDOPDJD]LQHHYHU
SXEOLVKHG)LQDOO\WKH1HZVOLQH<RXQJ+DPRIWKH<HDU$ZDUGIRU
 ZDV DQQRXQFHG DV JRLQJ WR \HDUROG 'KUXY 5HEED
.&=-;'KUXYZDVOLFHQVHGDWDJHDQGLVDFWLYHLQSXEOLFVHU
YLFHVDWHOOLWHFRPPXQLFDWLRQ$PDWHXU5DGLRRQWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO
6SDFH6WDWLRQKH¶VFRRUGLQDWHGWZR$5,66FRQWDFWVRQHUHPRWH
DQGPLQL0DNHU)DLUHVDURXQGWKHZRUOG
+DPVZHUHSDUWRIWKLVSKHQRPHQRQDVZHOOZLWKWKHUHVXUJHQFH
RILQWHUHVWLQNLWEXLOGLQJSRUWDEOHORZSRZHURSHUDWLQJDQGWKHPDU
ULDJHRIDPDWHXUUDGLRZLWKPLFURFRQWUROOHUVDORQJZLWKWKHSRSX
ODULW\RIFROXPQVRQWKHVHWRSLFVLQ&4DQGHOVHZKHUH
³+DP1RWHERRN´ HGLWRU:D\QH<RVKLGD.+:=ZKRKDVEHHQ
ZULWLQJ DERXW ³PDNLQJ´ DQG H[KLELWLQJ DW 0DNHU )DLUHV IRU \HDUV
O\DQGLVDPHPEHURI$06$7¶V³$PDWHXU5DGLR([SORUDWLRQRQ
WKH0RRQ´SURMHFW$VQRWHGKHUHODVWPRQWKOXQDURUELWLQJDPDWHXU
VDWHOOLWHVDUHQRZVFLHQFHIDFWQRWVFLHQFHILFWLRQ
6RKRZGRDOORIWKHVHGLVSDUDWHSHRSOHDQGHYHQWVWLHWRJHWKHU"
/HW¶VWDNHDORRNDQGVWDUWZHDYLQJRXUWDSHVWU\
Throwaway Society
$PHULFD¶VSRVW:RUOG:DU,,WUDQVLWLRQWRD³WKURZDZD\VRFLHW\´ LV
FHQWUDOWRWKHVWRU\0DQ\³PDNHUV´ KDYHGHVFULEHGKDPVDV³WKH
RULJLQDOPDNHUV´ DVLQGHHGZHDUH$QGRXUWUDGLWLRQRIEXLOGLQJRXU
RZQJHDURUPRGLI\LQJHTXLSPHQWGHVLJQHGIRURWKHUXVHVWRPHHW
RXUQHHGVJRHVEDFNWRWKHHDUOLHVWGD\VRIUDGLRZKHQLWZDVD
QHFHVVLW\ &RPPHUFLDOO\PDQXIDFWXUHG UDGLRV EHJDQ WR EHFRPH
DYDLODEOHLQWKHVDQGFDPHEDFNVWURQJDIWHUWKHZDU%XWFKHDS
PLOLWDU\VXUSOXVJHDUDOVRIORRGHGWKHPDUNHWDQGKDPVNHSWWKHLU
EXLOGLQJVNLOOVVWURQJE\PRGLI\LQJVXUSOXVUDGLRVWRRSHUDWHRQWKH
KDPEDQGV7KHKDPUDGLREXLOGLQJHWKLFUHPDLQHGVWURQJWKURXJK
WKH¶VDQG¶VZKLFKLQFOXGHGWKHILUVW³JROGHQDJHRINLWEXLOG
LQJ´ DQGWKHODXQFKRI+DP5DGLR PDJD]LQHLQE\6NLS7HQQH\
QRZDVNVLQKLVFROXPQWKLVPRQWKZKHWKHUWKHDSSDUHQWILQDQFLDO
IDLOXUHRI0DNHPDJD]LQHDQGLWVDVVRFLDWHG0DNHU)DLUHVVXJ
JHVWVWKDW³PDNLQJ´ ZDVMXVWDIDGWKDWLVQRZEHJLQQLQJWRIDGH,
GRQ¶WWKLQNVR,GRWKLQNWKDWWKH0DNHU)DLUHVKDGEHJXQWRORVH
WKHLUZD\DQGEHFDPHWRRFRUSRUDWHZLWKDUHGXFHGIRFXVRQLQGL
YLGXDOFUHDWLYLW\DQGPDNLQJWHFKQRORJ\DFFHVVLEOHWRSHRSOHIURP
DOOLQFRPHOHYHOV,KRSHWKDWWKHUHLPDJLQHG0DNHU)DLUHVUHVWRUH
WKHLURULJLQDOIRFXV
$VIRU0DNHPDJD]LQHWKHVHDUHGLIILFXOWWLPHVIRUDQ\QLFKHPDJ
D]LQHEURXJKWRQE\DFRPELQDWLRQRIIDFWRUVPRVWRIZKLFKKDYH
OLWWOHLIDQ\WKLQJWRGRZLWKXQGHUO\LQJLQWHUHVWLQWKHVXEMHFWPDWWHU
RUWKHTXDOLW\RIWKHDUWLFOHV(YHU\SXEOLVKHUIDFHVDQRQJRLQJFKDO
OHQJHWRILQGDQGPDLQWDLQWKHHTXLOLEULXPWKDWNHHSVWKHUHDGHUVRQ
ERDUGDQGNHHSVWKHOLJKWVRQDVZHOO:HZLVK'DOHWKHEHVWRIOXFN
LQKLVUHODXQFKRI0DNH
)LQDOO\ZHZDQWWRDFNQRZOHGJHWKHDVFHQGDQFHRIDQHZJHQ
HUDWLRQRIOHDGHUVKLSLQRXUKREE\DVH[HPSOLILHGQRWRQO\E\WKH
\RXQJPDQVHOHFWHGDV<RXQJ+DPRIWKH<HDUEXWE\WKHRWKHU
QRPLQHHVDVZHOO,WLVQRWHZRUWK\WKDWWKH<RXQJ+DPRIWKH
DQG-LP)LVN:'7<ODWHU:+5QRZ6.7KHPDJD]LQHIRXQG
D ODUJH DQG GHYRWHG UHDGHUVKLS RI WHFKQLFDOO\RULHQWHG KDPV
WKURXJKRXWWKH¶VDQGLQWRWKHV%XWWKHJURZLQJGRPLQDQFH
(PDLOZYX#FTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP!
<HDULVQRZ$ODEDPD¶V$VVLVWDQW6HFWLRQ0DQDJHUIRU<RXWKDQG
WKDWRWKHU<+27<ZLQQHUVRIWKHSDVWKDYHJRQHRQWROHDGHUVKLS
SRVLWLRQVLQWKH$55/DQGHOVHZKHUH6RZKLOHZHPRXUQWKHORVV
RISDVWOHDGHUVLQRXUKREE\ZHZHOFRPHWKHDUULYDORIQHZRQHV
ZKRZLOODGGWRRXUWDSHVWU\DQGFDUU\DPDWHXUUDGLRLQWR\HWXQLPDJ
LQHGIXWXUHGLUHFWLRQV± 5LFK:98

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 NEWS BYTES
ZDV D IDUPHU LQ ERWK :DLVWILHOG 9HUPRQW DQG )UDQFHVWRZQ
1HZ+DPSVKLUH+LVZLIH3HJSDVVHGDZD\HDUOLHUWKLV\HDU
± 7Q[&UDLJ&ODUN.4;

Solar Minimum = High Tide?

7KRVHRIXVRIDFHUWDLQDJHZLOOUHFDOOWKDWZKHQ-XSLWHUDOLJQV
ZLWK0DUVDQGWKH0RRQLVLQWKH6HYHQWK+RXVHDQDJHRISHDFH
DQGORYHLVVXSSRVHGWREHJLQ1RZVRPHVFLHQWLVWVDUHVXJ
JHVWLQJWKDWZKHQ-XSLWHUDOLJQVZLWKERWK9HQXVDQGWKH(DUWK
WKHLU FRPELQHG JUDYLWDWLRQDO SXOO RQ WKH 6XQ LV VXIILFLHQW HYHQ
WKRXJKWLQ\WRWRXFKRIIDQHZVXQVSRWF\FOH$FFRUGLQJWRDSDSHU
SXEOLVKHG LQ WKH 0D\  LVVXH RI 6RODU 3K\VLFV WKUHH
6NLS7HQQH\:1/%DQGKLVGRJ3RSSHUKHDGLQJRXWRQ6NLS¶V UHVHDUFKHUVLQ*HUPDQ\FRUUHODWHGWKHSODQHWDU\DOLJQPHQWV²
PRWRUF\FOHIRUWKHLUQH[WDGYHQWXUH3KRWRFRXUWHV\.4; ZKLFKRFFXUHYHU\\HDUVVRXQGIDPLOLDU"²ZLWKWKHWLPHV
RIVRODUPLQLPXPJRLQJEDFNVRODUF\FOHV²FRYHULQJPRUH
“Ham Radio” Magazine Co-Founder
WKDQ\HDUV²DQGFDPHXSZLWKDPDWFK7KHLUK\SRWK
“Skip” Tenney, W1NLB, SK HVLVLVWKDWWKHUHODWLYHO\WLQ\SXOORIWKHWKUHHSODQHWV¶FRPELQHG
7KRUYDOG ³6NLS´ 7HQQH\ :1/% EHFDPH D 6LOHQW .H\ RQ JUDYLW\KDVDWLGDOHIIHFWRQWKH6XQWKDWVHWVRIIVRPHWKLQJFDOOHG
$XJXVWDIWHUDSHULRGRIGHFOLQLQJKHDOWK,Q7HQQH\DQG D7D\OHULQVWDELOLW\ZKLFKLQWXUQOHDGVWRWKHUHYHUVDORIWKH6XQ¶V
-LP)LVN:'7<6.MRLQHGIRUFHVWRSXEOLVK+DP5DGLR PDJ
D]LQH WKH ILUVW PDJD]LQH GHGLFDWHG VROHO\ WR VWDWHRIWKHDUW
DPDWHXUUDGLRDUWLFOHV)RU\HDUV+DP5DGLR VHWWKHZRUOG
ZLGHVWDQGDUGIRUDPDWHXUUDGLRWHFKQRORJ\
(DUO\LQWKH¶V6NLSODXQFKHG+DP5DGLR5HSRUWZULWWHQE\
PDJQHWLFILHOGWKDWLVW\SLFDOO\DVVRFLDWHGZLWKWKHELUWKRIDQHZ
VRODUF\FOH:KLOHWKHLUUHVHDUFKLVFRQWLQXLQJWKHUHVHDUFKHUVIHHO
WKLVDVVRFLDWLRQZLOOPDNHLWPXFKHDVLHUWRSUHFLVHO\SUHGLFWWKH
VWDUWRIHDFKQHZF\FOH7KH\GRQRWKRZHYHURIIHUDQH[SODQD
WLRQRIZK\VRPHVRODUF\FOHVDUHPXFKVWURQJHURUZHDNHUWKDQ
-RH6FKURHGHU:-896.ZKLFKZDVDZHHNO\QHZVOHWWHU
WKDWFRYHUHGEUHDNLQJQHZVLQWKHDPDWHXUEXVLQHVVZRUOG';
KDSSHQLQJVDQGWKHODWHVWQHZVIURPWKH)&&,QUHDFW
LQJ WR JURZWK LQ WKH DPDWHXU VHUYLFH +DP 5DGLR 3XEOLVKLQJ
*URXSEHJDQSXEOLVKLQJ+DP5DGLR+RUL]RQVZKLFKDSSHDOHG
WRDEURDGHUEDVHRIDPDWHXUUDGLRRSHUDWRUVDVZHOODVROG
WLPHUVORRNLQJIRUOHVVFRPSOLFDWHGDUWLFOHV
RWKHUV7Q[WRWKH+$06FLUHIOHFWRU
1RWHV
)RU\RX\RXQJZKLSSHUVQDSSHUVRXWWKHUHWKDWZDVIURPWKHRSHQ
LQJ OLQH RI WKH VRQJ ³$TXDULXV  /HW WKH 6XQ 6KLQH ,Q´ E\ WKH WK
'LPHQVLRQIURPWKHVPXVLFDO³+DLU´2EYLRXVO\ZH¶UHVWLOOZDLWLQJ
IRUWKDWDJHRISHDFHDQGORYH
 ³$ 0RGHO RI D 7LGDOO\ 6\QFKURQL]HG 6RODU '\QDPR´ 6WHIDQL )
,Q-XQHZDQWLQJWRFKDQJHJHDUV6NLSVROG+DP5DGLR *LHVHFNH $ :HLHU 7 6RO 3K\V   KWWSVGRLRUJ
3XEOLVKLQJ*URXSWR&4&RPPXQLFDWLRQV,QKLVUHWLUHPHQW6NLS V!

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

3KRWR$7KLVLVWKHHQWUDQFHWRWKHDUWGHFREXLOGLQJWKDWKRXVHGWKH%HWKDQ\UHOD\VWDWLRQDQGFXUUHQWO\LVWKHKRPHRI
WKH9RLFHRI$PHULFDPXVHXP%DFNLQWKHGD\WKHEXLOGLQJKHDWZDVSURYLGHGE\WKHKHDWJHQHUDWHGE\WKHWUDQVPLWWHUV
1RZRQHRIWKHLUPDMRUSURMHFWVLVWRXSJUDGHWKHLQGHSHQGHQWKHDWLQJDQGDLUFRQGLWLRQLQJV\VWHP3KRWRIURP92$
0XVHXPZHEVLWH

Thousands of hams go to Ohio each year for the Dayton Hamvention®.

But as WB2UDC shares, there are other attractions of interest to radio
hobbyists as well, including the National Voice of America Museum of
Broadcasting at the station’s former Bethany relay site.

America’s Voice
A Tour of the Voice of America Museum in Ohio
BY BOB HOPKINS,* WB2UDC

)
RUPHDWOHDVWWKHGXULQJWKHODVW\HDUVRQHZHHN
HQGHDFK0D\KDVEHHQUHVHUYHGIRUWKHDQQXDOSLO
JULPDJH WR WKH 'D\WRQ 2KLR DUHD IRU WKH +DP
YHQWLRQŠ 7KLV FHOHEUDWLRQ RI KDPGRP LV VRPHWKLQJ WKDW ,
VKDUHZLWKP\\RXQJHVWVRQ.HYLQ.&.)3:HJHWWRJHWK
HUIRUWKHGULYHIURP1HZ-HUVH\WKURXJK3HQQV\OYDQLDWR
'D\WRQDQGPRVWUHFHQWO\;HQLD2KLR(YHU\WULSKDVLWV
VWRULHVDQGWKH\EHFRPHWKHWDONLQJSRLQWVRIWKHWUXHEHOLHY
HUVHYHU\WLPHZHJDWKHU
2Q)ULGD\WKH+DPYHQWLRQ¶VRSHQLQJGD\ZHYLVLWHGWKH
:HVW&KHVWHU$PDWHXU5DGLR$VVRFLDWLRQ2QWKHLUWDEOHZDV
DVWDFNRIIO\HUVVWDWLQJ³7KH1DWLRQDO9RLFHRI$PHULFD
0XVHXPRI%URDGFDVWLQJDQQRXQFLQJRQ2SHQ+RXVH
GXULQJ+DPYHQWLRQ´
7KHIO\HUSURYLGHGGHWDLOHGGLUHFWLRQVIURPWKH+DPYHQWLRQ
VLWHWRWKHORFDWLRQRIWKHPXVHXP,WDOVRVWDWHGWKDWWKHVLWH
ZRXOGEHRSHQIURPWRSPWKDWHYHQLQJDQGVQDFNVDQG
EHYHUDJHVZLOOEHSURYLGHG.HYLQDQG,GHFLGHGWKDWDWWKH
HQGRIRXUODVWVHVVLRQZHZRXOGKHDGRXWWR:HVW&KHVWHU
2KLRWRYLVLWWKHPXVHXPZKLFKZDVWKHIRUPHUVLWHRIWKH
H[KLELWEXLOGLQJVDQGDWWHQGHGPDQ\H[FHOOHQWSUHVHQWDWLRQV %HWKDQ\5HOD\6WDWLRQRIWKH9RLFHRI$PHULFD92$
RQWKHGLYHUVHDVSHFWVRIRXUKREE\(DUO\RQDVZHWUDYHOHG
WKURXJKDQH[KLELWKDOOZHFDPHXSRQWKHERRWKUXQE\WKH
HPDLOZEXGF#JPDLOFRP!
%HWKDQ\5HOD\6WDWLRQ3KRWR$RFFXSLHVRQHVTXDUHPLOH
RIIODWODQG,WZDVLQRSHUDWLRQIURPXQWLO$WRQH
SRLQWLQWLPHLWKRXVHGVL[NLORZDWWEURDGFDVWWUDQVPLW
WHUVIHHGLQJDDQWHQQDDUUD\FDSDEOHRIGLUHFWLQJWKHVLJ
QDOWR(XURSH$IULFDRU6RXWK$PHULFD7KLVZDVWUXO\DQ

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

3KRWR%7KLVZDVWKHDQWHQQDVZLWFKVWUXFWXUHZKHUHWKHUHOD\VWDWLRQ¶VUKRPELFDQWHQQDVZHUHVZLWFKHGLQRURXWRI
WKHIHHGOLQHE\KDQG7KHKDPDQWHQQDVLQWKHIRUHJURXQGVHUYHWKHFOXEZKLFKKRSHVWRSXWXSDUKRPELFDQWHQQDLQWKH
IXWXUH3KRWRV%)E\WKHDXWKRU

LQWHUHVWLQJDQWHQQDIDUP3KRWR%2QHFRXOGRQO\LPDJLQH ,SHUVRQDOO\UHFDOORQHHYHQLQJZKHQ,ZDVPDNLQJDSUH

ZKDWLWZRXOGWDNHWRVZLWFKEHWZHHQWKHGLIIHUHQWDQWHQQDV VHQWDWLRQDERXWUDGLRWRDJURXSRIVFRXWVDQGWKHLUSDU
:HZHUHJLYHQDQLQGHSWKWRXURIWKHVLWHE\YHU\HQWKX HQWV DQG , EURXJKW LQ P\ WUXVW\ +HDWK UHFHLYHU 7XQLQJ
VLDVWLFDQGGHGLFDWHGYROXQWHHUGRFHQWVKLJKO\VNLOOHGWRXU DURXQGWKHPHWHUEDQGZHKHDUGDYDULHW\RIVLJQDOV
JXLGHVW\SLFDOO\IRUPXVHXPV0DQ\RIWKHVHGRFHQWVDFWX
DOO\VHUYHGDVHQJLQHHUVDWWKHVLWHLQWKHODWWHU\HDUVRILWV
RSHUDWLRQ7KDWHYHQLQJDOOWKHYROXQWHHUVZHUHPHPEHUVRI
WKH :HVW &KHVWHU $PDWHXU 5DGLR $VVRFLDWLRQ 7KH WRXU
EHJDQZLWKDVKRUWYLGHRWHOOLQJWKHVWRU\RIWKH92$
“Tell the Truth and Let the World Decide”
,Q WKH HDUO\ \HDUV RI :RUOG :DU ,, 3UHVLGHQW )UDQNOLQ
5RRVHYHOWIHOWWKH8QLWHG6WDWHVQHHGHGWRSURYLGHLQIRUPD
WLRQQHZVDQGSURJUDPPLQJWRWKRVHLQWKHZRUOGVHDUFK
LQJIRUIDFWXDODQGIDLUUHSRUWV%URDGFDVWUDGLRLQWKHHDUO\
VZDVWKHPDLQVRXUFHRILQIRUPDWLRQDQGWKHRQO\HOHF
WURQLF IRUP RI PHGLD 3UHVLGHQW 5RRVHYHOW UHDFKHG RXW WR
UDGLRJUHDWVLQFOXGLQJ(GZDUG50XUURZ$FFRUGLQJWRWKH
YLGHR0XUURZDQGRWKHUVPDGHLWFOHDUWRWKH$GPLQLVWUDWLRQ
WKDWWKHEURDGFDVWVPXVWEHWUXWKIXODQGIDLU
:KLOHWKHSULPDU\IRFXVRIWKHSURJUDPPLQJZDVWKHQHZV
RIWKHGD\WKHUHZHUHDOVRPDQ\HQWHUWDLQPHQWSURJUDPV$W
WKHWLPH$PHULFDQMD]]ZDVQRWRIWHQKHDUGLQ(XURSHDQG
MD]]SURJUDPVEHFDPHYHU\SRSXODURIIHULQJVIRUWKH92$¶V
OLVWHQHUV7KLVH[SODLQVZK\SDLQWLQJVRI/RXLV$UPVWURQJDQG
&RXQW%DVLHZHUHDPRQJWKHPDQ\SRUWUDLWVKXQJLQWKHSXE
OLFDUHDVRIWKHPXVHXP&HUWDLQO\3UHVLGHQW5RRVHYHOWZDV
DOVRSUHVHQWLQWKHJDOOHU\
7KHPDLQVWXGLRVRIWKH92$UHPDLQLQ:DVKLQJWRQ'&
DQG WKH EURDGFDVWHUV ZRUNLQJ IRU WKH 9RLFH LQFOXGH SHRSOH
ZLWKJUHDWWDOHQWVLQGHOLYHULQJWKHPHVVDJHLQWKHPDQ\ODQ
JXDJHVRIWKHWDUJHWDXGLHQFHVLQFOXGLQJIHOORZKDPDQG92$
LQFOXGLQJ&:66%DQGWKHFXULRXVRWKHUQRLVHVIRXQGRQ
WKHDLUZDYHV:HFDPHDFURVV5DGLR0RVFRZRQHRIPDQ\
VKRUWZDYHEURDGFDVWVWDWLRQVHDVLO\KHDUGLQ1HZ-HUVH\
DWWKHWLPH7KHPDMRUHYHQWRIWKHGD\ZDVWKHVKRRWLQJ
GRZQRI.RUHDQ$LUIOLJKWE\D6RYLHW0L*:HILUVWOLV
WHQHGWRWKHQHZVIURP0RVFRZWKHQWXQLQJWRWKH92$
IUHTXHQF\ JDYH D VLJQLILFDQWO\ GLIIHUHQW UHQGLWLRQ RI ZKDW
KDGKDSSHQHG7KLVZDVDOVRWUXHZKHQZHWXQHGWRWKH
%%&:RUOG6HUYLFHDQGOLVWHQHGWRD%ULWLVKQHZVEURDG
FDVW 7KLV PDGH IRU D WUHPHQGRXV GHPRQVWUDWLRQ WR WKH
VFRXWVDQGWKHLUSDUHQWVRIWKHDGYHQWXUHRIOLVWLQJWRVKRUW
ZDYH/LVWHQLQJWRWKHIDGLQJLQDQGRXWRIWKHVLJQDOVDV
ZHOO DV WKH WRWDOO\ GLIIHUHQW WRQH DQG SUHVHQWDWLRQ RI WKH
VDPHVWRU\ZDVYHU\FRPSHOOLQJWRHYHU\RQH
:K\2KLR"
7KH%HWKDQ\UHOD\VLWHLQ2KLRZDVFKRVHQIRULWVORFDWLRQLQ
WKHFHQWHURIWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV7KLVZDVDVWUDWHJLFFKRLFH
DVLWZDVIHOWWKDWWKHJUHDWGLVWDQFHIURPHLWKHUFRDVWRIWKH
86PDGHWKHSRVVLELOLW\RIFDSWXUHRUGHVWUXFWLRQRIWKHIDFLO
LW\OHVVOLNHO\$GGLWLRQDOO\QHDUE\&LQFLQQDWLZDVWKHKRPH
RI3RZHO&URVOH\-UDYHU\VXFFHVVIXOLQYHQWRULQGXVWULDO
LVW DQG HQWUHSUHQHXU $W WKDW WLPH &URVOH\¶V FRPSDQLHV
RZQHGDQGRSHUDWHG:/:³WKH9RLFHRI&LQFLQQDWL´&URVOH\
KLPVHOIZDVYHU\LQWHUHVWHGLQUDGLRDQGEHJDQRSHUDWLQJ
:/:LQ:/:JUHZWREHDVLJQLILFDQWPHGLDRXWOHWLQ
WKH0LGZHVW,QWKH)HGHUDO5DGLR&RPPLVVLRQWKH
SUHGHFHVVRURIWKH)&&DXWKRUL]HG&URVOH\WREHJLQEURDG
:KLWH+RXVH%XUHDX&KLHI6WHYH+HUPDQ:92$±HG FDVWLQJDWNLORZDWWV&URVOH\ZDVDWHFKQRORJ\JXUXQRW

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

RQO\LQUDGLREXWDOVRLQWKHDXWRPRWLYH NLORZDWWWUDQVPLWWHU2XUJURXSOLW FRLOV JRLQJ WR D ODUJH SLSH FRQWDLQLQJ
LQGXVWU\ 3KRWR & FRQVXPHU UDGLR HUDOO\ ZDONHG LQWR D ODUJH URRP WKDW VRPHVRUWRIFRD[WRVKLSWKH5)RXWWR
DSSOLDQFHVDPDFKLQHWRSURPRWHKDLU KRXVHGWKHPRGXODWRUWKHGULYHUDQG WKHDQWHQQDDUUD\,KDGWKHIHHOLQJWKDW
JURZWK DQG PDQ\ PRUH SURGXFWV ,Q ILQDOVWDJHRIWKHUHDOO\UHDOO\ELJWUDQV VRPHKRZ,KDGEHFRPHDPLQLDWXUL]HG
 KH DOVR RZQHG WKH &LQFLQQDWL PLWWHU2QHPLJKWVD\WKDWWKHVFKHPDW YHUVLRQRIP\VHOIDQGPDQDJHGWRJHW
5HGV EDVHEDOO WHDP ,W LV QRW WRR VXU
SULVLQJWKDW3RZHO&URVOH\-UEHFDPH
WKHFKRLFHWRJXLGHWKHGHVLJQDQGLPSOH
PHQWDWLRQRIWKH%HWKDQ\5HOD\VLWH
The Actual Tour
7KHWRXUEHJLQVZLWKDYLVLWWRWKHILQDO
VWDJH RI WKH UHPDLQLQJ &ROOLQV $
3KRWR & 7KLV LV D &URVOH\ +RW 6KRW DXWRPRELOH 3RZHO &URVOH\ ZDV D ELJ
SOD\HU LQ WKH GHVLJQ RI WKH UHOD\ VWDWLRQ DQG D YHU\ LQWHUHVWLQJ LQYHQWRU DQG
LQGXVWULDOLVWRIKLVGD\
3KRWR'7KLVLVWKHVFKHPDWLFGLDJUDPIRUWKH&ROOLQV$NLORZDWWSRZHU
DPSOLILHU:KHQLQRSHUDWLRQWKHUHZHUHVL[RIWKHVHPRQVWHUVWUDQVPLWWLQJDJUHDW
GHDORI5)
 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH
LFGLDJUDP3KRWR'ZDVWKHWUHDVXUH
PDS RI WKH URRP ,Q IDFW WKH ILODPHQW
FLUFXLW RI WKLV WXEH WUDQVPLWWHU ZDV
GHVLJQHG WR SURGXFH  YROWV DW 
DPSV 7KHWUDQVPLWWLQJWXEHHQFORVHG
LQDODUJHFDJHZDVELJDQGWKHUHZHUH
YDFXXPFDSDFLWRUVWKDWGLGWKHPDWFK
LQJ LQ FRQMXQFWLRQ ZLWK WKH YHU\ ODUJH
LQVLGH RI WKH ILQDO VWDJH RI RQH RI WKH
PDQ\³ERDWDQFKRUV´RQVDOHDWWKHKDP
IHVW¶VIOHDPDUNHW
7KHUH ZHUH RWKHU URRPV ZH YLVLWHG
UHODWHGWRWKLVNLORZDWWPRQVWHU$OO
KDG LQWHUORFNLQJ GRRUV WKDW ZHUH
GHVLJQHGWR³SXOOWKHSOXJ´LIRSHQHGWR
SURWHFWDQ\RQHZLWKWKHFRXUDJHWRSHU
IRUPDQ\VHUYLFHRQWKHWHFKQRORJ\7KH
WUDQVPLWWHUVZHUHFDSDEOHRIVZLWFKLQJ
IUHTXHQFLHV WR FLUFXPYHQW MDPPLQJ
IURPWKHIRUHLJQJRYHUQPHQWV7KLVRI
FRXUVHUHTXLUHGDUHWXQHDQGWKDWZRUN
ZDVGRQHLQWKHODUJHFRQWUROURRPVHHQ
LQ3KRWR(
0RQLWRULQJWKHKHDOWKRIWKHWUDQVPLW
WHUVWRRNSODFHLQWKHFRQWUROURRP7KH
FRPSXWHUPRQLWRUZDVFOHDUO\DQDGGL
WLRQLQWKHODWH¶VRUEH\RQGEXWDOO
WKH PHWHUV DQG FRQWUROV DQG VZLWFKHV
YLVLEOHZHUHXVHGE\KLJKO\VNLOOHGDQG
GHGLFDWHGWHFKQLFDOSHRSOHWKURXJKRXW
WKHKLVWRU\RIWKLVUHOD\VWDWLRQ
:H ZHUH WROG WKDW QR SURJUDPPLQJ
RULJLQDWHGDWWKLVORFDWLRQ%DFNLQWKH
RSHUDWLRQDO GD\V PLFURSKRQHV WKDW
FRXOGEHXVHGZLWKWKHELJV\VWHPZHUH
QRWDOORZHGRQWKHSUHPLVHVWRHQVXUH
WKDWLIWKHVLWHZDVWDNHQRYHULWFRXOG
QRW HDVLO\ EH XVHG WR WUDQVPLW ERJXV
LQIRUPDWLRQ
2QHRIP\ILUVWH[SHULHQFHVZLWK92$
ZDVEDFNLQWKH¶VZKHQ,GHFLGHGZLWK
DQRWKHUKDPIULHQGWR³JRRXWLQWKHILHOG´
DQGGR)LHOG'D\2XUULJZDVD+HDWKNLW
+:453WUDQVFHLYHUZKLFK,KDGD
JRRGDPRXQWRIVXFFHVVRSHUDWLQJIURP
KRPH RQ   DQG  PHWHUV 7KH
UHFHLYHUZDVDGLUHFWFRQYHUVLRQW\SH
DQG VDGO\ VXEMHFW WR RYHUORDG IURP
VWURQJ VLJQDOV :H ZHUH DEOH WR FRS\
92$DOORYHUWKHEDQGDWRXU1HZ-HUVH\
ORFDWLRQ:HGLGQ¶WKDYHPXFKVXFFHVV
ZLWKWKLVVHWXS,WGRHVPDNHPHZRQ
GHUWKRXJKZKDWVLGHHIIHFWVWKHQHLJK
ERUV RI WKH 92$ LQ 2KLR H[SHULHQFHG
IURP$PHULFD¶V9RLFHWUDQVPLWWLQJQHDU
E\ZLWKVXFKSRZHU
The Ham Station
7KH RQO\ 5) QRZ FRPLQJ IURP WKH
%HWKDQ\5HOD\6WDWLRQLVIURPFOXEVWD
WLRQ:&92$,ZDVWROGWKDWWKHKDP
VWDWLRQ LV LQ RSHUDWLRQ ZKHQHYHU WKH
PXVHXPLVRSHQDQGWKHVWDWLRQLVWKH
ILUVWSDUWRIWKHWRXUZKHUHWKHYLVLWRUV
DUHJLYHQDWDONDERXWWKHZRQGHUVRI
UDGLRRXUKREE\DQGFRPPXQLFDWLRQ
$OOKDPVYLVLWLQJWKHPXVHXPDUHLQYLW
HGWRVLWGRZQDQGPDNHDIHZ462V
7KHUH ZDV D YLQWDJH &ROOLQV VWDWLRQ
3KRWR(7KLVLVWKHYHUVLRQRIWKHFRQWUROURRPWKDWZDVLQXVHDWWKHVWDWLRQZKHQLWZDVWDNHQRIIWKHDLULQ

3KRWR)WKDWJDYHDOORIXVDWKULOODORQJ HDVLHU DQG FKHDSHU PHWKRGV RI LQIRU LQWKHGLJLWDOZRUOGLWGRHVJHWDELWH[FLW

ZLWKWKHSHUVRQDOFROOHFWLRQRI5REHUW/ PDWLRQH[FKDQJH92$VWLOOOLYHVLQWKH LQJZKHQVRPH³FULWLFDOOLQN´VXFFXPEV
'UDNH 5/ 'UDNH RI 'UDNH $PDWHXU
5DGLRSURGXFWV
Past, Present and Future
%HWKDQ\¶V WUDQVPLWWHUV ZHUH YHU\
LPSRUWDQWLQ:RUOG:DU,,DVZHOODVWKH
&ROG:DU7RGD\¶VQHZHUWHFKQRORJLHV
KDYH FKDQJHG WKH PDVV PHGLD ODQG
VFDSH7KHVWUHDPLQJRISURJUDPPLQJ
RQ WKH LQWHUQHW DQG VDWHOOLWH UDGLR DUH
3KRWR ) $ SUHWW\ FRRO DQG ZRUNLQJ &ROOLQV KDP VWDWLRQ LV D IRFDO SRLQW RI WKH
PXVHXP¶VKDPVWDWLRQ:&92$
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
GLJLWDOZRUOGDQG$PHULFD¶V9RLFHFDQ
VWLOOEHKHDUGRQVKRUWZDYHEXWRQO\LQ
(QJOLVKODQJXDJHEURDGFDVWVWDUJHWLQJ
$IULFD(OVHZKHUHLQWKHZRUOGWKRXJK
DQG LQ RWKHU ODQJXDJHV FDQ LW VWLOO EH
KHDUGLQSODFHVZKHUHWKHDXWKRULWLHVLQ
FKDUJHGRQ¶WZDQWLWWREHKHDUG"7KH
GLJLWDO QHWZRUN FDQ EH EORFNHG RU GLV
UXSWHGHVSHFLDOO\E\WKHIRONVLQFKDUJH
RIWKHQHWZRUN,QP\\HDUVRIZRUNLQJ
WR0XUSK\¶V/DZ&RQQHFWLYLW\ORVVKDS
SHQVDQGXVHUVJHWXSVHW
6KRUWZDYHUDGLRZDVDJDWHZD\IRUPH
WRJHWLQWRDJUHDWKREE\DQGSXUVXHD
WHFKQLFDOFDUHHU1RZDGD\VVKRUWZDYH
EURDGFDVWLQJ FDQ EH YHU\ H[SHQVLYH
IURPDWHFKQLFDOSRLQWRIYLHZDQGVDGO\
PD\ QRW EH FRQVLGHUHG WKH LQWULJXLQJ
P\VWHU\LWZDVZKHQ,ZDV\RXQJ
7KH 92$ PXVHXP LV D WULEXWH WR DOO
WKRVH ZKR VHUYHG RXU FRXQWU\ E\ SUR
YLGLQJDFFHVVWRLQIRUPDWLRQ7KHSHRSOH
ZKRZRUNDQGYROXQWHHUDWWKHPXVHXP
DUH JLYLQJ D JLIW RI HGXFDWLRQ DERXW
$PHULFD¶VKLVWRU\DQGKRZWKHWHFKQROR
JLHVRIWKDWGD\JDYH$PHULFDDYRLFH
'XULQJWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIWKLVVWRU\
,VSRNHWRPDQ\SHRSOHDERXWWKH92$
DQGLWVPLVVLRQ2QHRIWKHPVXUSULVHG
PHJUHDWO\E\VD\LQJWKDWLQVKH
ZRXOGOLVWHQWRWKH9RLFHRI$PHULFDZLWK
KHUJUDQGIDWKHULQ+XQJDU\6KHHYHQ
UHPHPEHUHG WKH GLIIHUHQW IUHTXHQFLHV
WRZKLFKWKH\ZRXOGWXQHWKHLUUHFHLYHU
WR KHDU WKH SURJUDPV +HU IDPLO\ OHIW
+XQJDU\WKDW\HDUDVUHIXJHHV
*RRG WKLQJV DUH KDSSHQLQJ LQ 2KLR
HVSHFLDOO\ ZLWK DPDWHXU UDGLR 7KH
+DPYHQWLRQ ZDV SHUIHFW IRU XV 7KH
ZHDWKHU ZDV JUHDW WKH SDUNLQJ ZDV
JUHDWWKHSHRSOHZHUHJUHDW;HQLDLVD
YHU\ZHOFRPLQJSODFH$QGLI\RXKDYH
VRPHH[WUDWLPHDVLGHWULSWRWKH92$
PXVHXPZLOOEHDZRUWKZKLOHDGGLWLRQWR
\RXUYLVLW
6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 
Results of the 2019 CQWW WPX
SSB Contest
BY TERRY ZIVNEY,* N4TZ

1
RVXQVSRWV"$JRRGFRQWHVWPDNHVLWVRZQSURSDJD
WLRQ2YHUORJVZHUHVXEPLWWHGWKLV\HDUZLWK
PRUHWKDQRIWKHPIURPRXWVLGHWKH866WLOOLW
ZDVHDVLHUWRZRUNVRPHSODFHVWKDQRWKHUVDQGDORWRIVWDWH
VLGHVWDWLRQVQRWHGWKHDEVHQFHRI-DSDQHVHVWDWLRQVLQWKHLU
ORJV<HWWKHQXPEHURIORJVUHFHLYHGIURP-DSDQWUDLOHGRQO\
WKH86DQG*HUPDQ\$QGDOWKRXJK\RXFRXOGQ¶WWHOOLWIURP
P\ORJ<%KDPVVXEPLWWHGWKHLUORJVIRUVFUXWLQ\
1RWRQO\ZHUHPRUHORJVVXEPLWWHGEXWWKHPHGLDQORJKDG
PRUH462VYHUVXVODVW\HDUDQGWKHSUHYLRXV
\HDU,QDGGLWLRQORJVKDGDWOHDVWFRQWDFWVDIWHU
ORJFKHFNLQJXSIURPODVW\HDU:KRQHHGVWKRVHVWLQN
LQJVXQVSRWV"
<RXFDQILQGRXWKRZ\RXDQG\RXUFRPSHWLWRUVGLGRQ
SDJHRUDWZZZFTZS[FRP!ZKHUHWKHIXOOOLQHVFRUHV
RIDOOWKHFDWHJRULHVZLOOEHSRVWHGDORQJZLWKDVHDUFKDEOH
GDWDEDVHRIVFRUHVIRUDOOSDVW&4:3;FRQWHVWV<RXZLOO
DOVRILQGSXEOLFORJVIURPDOOWKHFRPSHWLWRUVWRKHOS\RXLGHQ
WLI\PLVVHGRSSRUWXQLWLHV
3KRWR$,WGRHVQ¶WJHWPRUHEDVLFWKDQ6WHIDQR¶VVHWXSDW
Single-Operator All Band ,=1953 +LV EDWWHU\SRZHUHG 453 VWDWLRQ ZDV DPRQJ
'LPLWUL 5$&2 RSHUDWHG &1&2 WR EHDW 3-. 5LFK PRUHWKDQHQWULHVRSHUDWLQJZLWKZDWWVRUOHVV
1.7 RS LQ WKH PRVW SUHVWLJLRXV FDWHJRU\ LQ FRQWHVWLQJ
7KHWRSVL[ILQLVKHUVFDPHIURPVL[GLIIHUHQWFRQWLQHQWV7DON
DERXW VKDULQJ WKH IXQ ./= .-2 RS EHVWHG 11'; ZRUOGKLJKSRZHUDVVLVWHGFKDPS7KHWRSWKUHH86DVVLVW
:5(RSLQWKH86ZKLOH(';SODFHGILUVWLQ(XURSH HGVFRUHVFDPHIURPWKH:HVW&RDVWZLWK..3EHDWLQJ
18* DQG .8&: 3: :*' RS KDG WKH WRS ORZ
Single-Operator Single Band SRZHUDVVLVWHGVFRUHLQWKHZRUOGZKLOH1*5:4.RS
WRSSHGWKRVHLQWKH86
7KHKLJKHVWVLQJOHEDQGVFRUHZDVDJDLQRQPHWHUV $ORWRIDFWLYLW\WRRNSODFHLQWKHDVVLVWHGVLQJOHEDQGFDW
ZKHUHDOOWKHLQWUD(XURSHDQ462VFRXQWIRUSRLQWVHDFK HJRULHV DV ZHOO $V LQ WKH XQDVVLVWHG FDWHJRULHV 6RXWK
('6($65RSUDQDZD\ZLWKWKDWFDWHJRU\6‘.ZRQ $PHULFDZDVWKHSODFHWREHRQWKHKLJKEDQGVDQG(XURSH
WKHPHWHUSODTXHZKLOH&96&;66RXWSDFHGIURP RQWKHORZEDQGV61$63*(0RSXVHGPHWHUVWR
WKHFURZGRQPHWHUV635639&RSEHDWODVW\HDU¶V SRVWWKHODUJHVWDVVLVWHGVLQJOHEDQGVFRUH
PHWHUZLQQHU8;;87;4RS9<=0VHHPHGWREH
FRPSHWLQJZLWKRQO\KLPVHOIRQWKHWRSEDQGPHWHUV
7KDWZDVDJRRGVWUDWHJ\HQDEOLQJKLPWRVHWDQHZ1RUWK
Single-Operator QRP
$PHULFDQUHFRUG 7KHUH ZHUH  453  ZDWWV RU OHVV ORJV UHFHLYHG
2.)' EHDW RXW (65: IRU ZRUOGKLJK 453 DOO EDQGV
Single-Operator Low Power :.8ZDVWKHWRS86ILQLVKHU57:ZDVWKHWRSDVVLVW
HG453DOOEDQGVFRUHU453DSSHDOVWRWKHPLQLPDOLVWRSHU
6LQJOHRSHUDWRUXQDVVLVWHGORZSRZHUDOOEDQGUHPDLQVWKH DWRU6HHWKHEDWWHU\SRZHUHGSRUWDEOHVWDWLRQRI,=1953
PRVW SRSXODU FDWHJRU\ E\ D KXJH PDUJLQ -RKQ ..$ 3KRWR$
UHSHDWHGDVFKDPSLRQRSHUDWLQJDV3-515$$11%
RS WDONHG KLV PRXQWDLQWRS VWDWLRQ WR VHFRQG SODFH LQ WKH
ZRUOGEHDWLQJGHIHQGLQJFKDPS.6.17=RSRSHUDW
LQJIURPWKH0LGZHVWIODWODQGVIRU86KRQRUV,I\RXUDQ
ORZSRZHUWKHQ6RXWK$PHULFDZDVWKHRQO\SODFHWREHRQ
DQGZKLOH(XURSHDQVSUHWW\PXFKKDGWKHLUZD\RQ
WKHUHPDLQLQJEDQGV
Overlay Categories
7KH5RRNLHRYHUOD\FDWHJRU\ZDVHVWDEOLVKHGWRHQFRXU
DJHUHFHQWO\OLFHQVHGKDPVWRGDEEOHLQWKHFRQWHVWH[SHUL
HQFH7KLV\HDUHQWULHVFKHFNHGWKLVRYHUOD\FDWHJRU\
DQLQFUHDVHRIRYHUODVW\HDU92,';RSHUDWHGDOOEDQG
KLJKSRZHUDVVLVWHGWRZLQWKH:RUOG5RRNLHSODTXHVHH
Single-Operator Assisted 92,';VLGHEDU&KULVZDVWKHRQO\5RRNLHWRWRSPLOOLRQ
SRLQWVWKLV\HDU-DFN:=<OHGWKH86URRNLHVVHH:=<
-XVWRYHURQHWKLUGRIWKHVLQJOHRSHUDWRUVUHSRUWHGWKHXVH VLGHEDU
RI DVVLVWDQFH GXULQJ WKH FRQWHVW ()= ($/= RS ZDV 7KH 7ULEDQGHU  6LQJOH(OHPHQW RYHUOD\ FDWHJRU\ ZDV
LQWHQGHGWRSURYLGHDPHDVXULQJWRROIRUDYHUDJHVWDWLRQV
HPDLOQW]#FTZS[FRP 6WLOO RXWVWDQGLQJ RSHUDWRUV ZLWK JRRG ORFDWLRQV IRU WKHLU

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH


WORLD
Single Op All Band High Power
CN2CO (RA3CO) ..............26,749,056
PJ4K (N6KT) ....................23,580,003
4LØA (UB7K)....................15,483,480
VB3E (VE3AT) ..................15,005,133
KH7XS (K4XS) .................14,787,585
Single Op 28 MHz High Power
ZW5B (PY5CC)......................224,236
LW7DX..................................170,500
KZ5MM (W5PR)......................37,536
Single Op 21 MHz High Power
CV7S (CX7SS)....................2,762,980
ZS6TVB .................................316,932
9M8YY (JR3WXA).................188,859
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
S5ØK..................................5,204,000
OE6Z (OE6MBG) ................4,894,373
OK7W.................................3,845,961
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
ED5S (EA5SR)....................7,227,081
RK3AW...............................1,970,318
NQ2F (KD2RD) ...................1,784,160
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
SP8R (SP7VC) ...................2,597,652
UX2X (UT2XQ) ...................2,261,250
DR5ØDIG (DL3BQA) ..........1,756,676
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power
VY2ZM ...............................1,144,650
4L2M.......................................78,810
LY2PAD...................................61,533
Single Op All Band Low Power
PJ4R (KK9A) ......................6,754,440
NR4AA (N9NB)...................2,630,961
S53MM ..............................2,342,010
LY4L...................................2,285,865
US2YW...............................2,242,023
Single Op 28 MHz Low Power
PU2UAF...................................45,593
CE7VPQ...................................29,260
CX8DS.....................................22,413
Single Op 21 MHz Low Power
PY2UD ..................................846,906
ZV2C (PY2CX).......................707,808
HK3TK...................................567,528
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
EE8K (EA8AV) ....................1,398,216
PY2NY................................1,209,040
IW1FRU.................................888,811
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
RC7KY................................1,061,340
LY5Q .....................................906,704
TA7MHZ ................................551,060
Single Op 3.7 MHz Low Power
PGØØT (PA2TMS)..............1,130,875
CQ3J (CT3MD) ......................847,280
4Z5UN...................................757,344
Single Op 1.8 MHz Low Power
YT8A .....................................179,456
E74R .......................................93,060
OK1JOK...................................70,176
Single Op All Band High Power
Assisted
EF9Z (EA9LZ) ...................16,170,196
ZX5J (PP5JR) ..................14,582,585
EB8AH (EA8RM) ..............14,115,568
IO4X (IT9RGY) .................12,686,548
LY29A (LY4A) ..................11,680,650
Single Op 28 MHz High Power
Assisted
PY2TMV ..................................42,120
WN1GIV (N4BP)......................10,494
LW3EK ......................................7,068
 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH
&4:::3;66%7236&25(6
Single Op 21 MHz High Power
Assisted
PY2KJ ...................................781,050
PY8WW.................................415,324
YF9CDL .................................175,026
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
Assisted
DL2ARD .............................6,274,105
YT3X ..................................4,140,436
RTØF ..................................3,542,656
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
Assisted
SN3A (SP3GEM) ................8,049,132
LY1FW ...............................4,508,740
RA9Y..................................4,421,898
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
Assisted
OL4C ..................................4,339,440
S54ZZ.................................2,454,834
S51YI .................................1,859,840
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power
Assisted
S573G (S56M) ......................627,944
YT6K (YU7KW) .....................214,816
SP3GTS.................................151,369
Single Op All Band Low Power
Assisted
P44W (W2GD) ...................4,407,080
IQ8SN (IZ8FWN) ................3,422,991
TM3Z (F4DSK) ...................3,205,395
RL6M .................................1,920,293
YO3APJ..............................1,760,243
Single Op 28 MHz Low Power
Assisted
LU1DX.....................................67,195
9Z4Y........................................49,560
PP5KC.....................................20,680
Single Op 21 MHz Low Power
Assisted
PY2CP...................................201,238
YBØJS...................................120,032
YFØTUR ..................................58,201
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
Assisted
CN4P (CN8NK)...................2,687,364
UR3GU ...............................1,349,365
UR2Y (USØYW) ....................763,040
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
Assisted
OK6T (OK1WCF) ................1,115,604
IZ4REF ...............................1,051,830
LY5W ....................................888,879
Single Op 3.7 MHz Low Power
Assisted
OL9R..................................1,129,968
SP4DZT.................................542,660
UY7C.....................................490,000
Single Op 1.8 MHz Low Power
Assisted
HGØR (HAØNAR) ..................370,272
LY4ZZ (LY2BMX) ..................154,287
OK6Y (OK2PTZ) ......................82,260
Single Op All Band QRP
OK2FD...................................594,280
ES6RW..................................552,672
HG6C (HA6IAM) ....................335,280
UT5EOX.................................274,050
UR5FEO.................................258,352
Single Op 28 MHz QRP
LV4V (LU4VZ) ...........................7,080
CA3GCA ....................................1,540
Single Op 21 MHz QRP
JR1NKN ....................................3,395
LU7DUE ....................................2,847
Single Op 14 MHz QRP
LY2OU...................................118,560
LY5G .......................................94,367
MØHMJ ...................................77,660
Single Op 7 MHz QRP
LZ1DM ..................................164,478
LY2NK...................................154,940
Single Op 3.7 MHz QRP
OK6K (OK5IM) ......................142,922
Single Op 1.8 MHz QRP
HA1TI ......................................38,250
EU1AA.....................................32,886
W2MF......................................17,775
Single Op All Band QRP Assisted
RT4W ....................................211,888
RA5AD (R3AP)......................168,840
YU1LM/QRP..........................167,577
9A4OP...................................165,312
MM3AWD..............................117,249
Single Op 28 MHz QRP Assisted
3G3O (CE3OP) ..........................1,104
Single Op 21 MHz QRP Assisted
LZ24M (LZ3DX) ......................10,136
CO6LE .......................................7,742
Single Op 14 MHz QRP Assisted
HI8JSG....................................50,274
IZ3NVR....................................22,220
YU3VIP....................................20,458
Single Op 7 MHz QRP Assisted
F4BKV ...................................282,744
LZ8U .......................................73,584
UT3EK .....................................67,767
Single Op 3.7 MHz QRP Assisted
9A9J (9A7ZZ) ........................171,028
E74O .....................................144,333
Multi-Single High Power
P33W ...............................29,692,172
TM6M...............................22,136,170
P4ØL ................................21,965,832
PS2T ................................16,954,000
UP2L ................................16,833,999
Multi-Single Low Power
ZW8T .................................3,015,482
HI3K ...................................2,573,125
ED9E ..................................2,352,000
BD7DT................................1,653,733
IR9K ...................................1,629,920
Multi-Two
EI19RE .............................27,584,865
OM7ØKAP ........................25,557,933
IR6T .................................24,330,240
K3LR ................................22,032,965
II9P ..................................18,011,415
Multi-Multi
CN3A................................54,907,556
D4C ..................................47,748,204
9A1A ................................32,819,200
LZ9W ...............................22,652,608
PJ2T.................................17,391,897
Rookie
Single Op All Band High Power
VO1IDX ..............................1,493,064
WZ1Y ....................................453,120
SQ3M ....................................382,570
W4BBT ..................................348,320
RU8T (R8TA).........................340,990
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
ED3C (EA3IBV)......................667,926
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
W4IPC...................................223,652
SP7MU....................................45,064
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
LY71A .....................................54,683
Single Op All Band Low Power
E71AZ....................................608,328
OM4IK...................................504,576
R2ARR ..................................372,618
S55BA ...................................347,026
AA4LS ...................................227,751
Single Op 21 MHz Low Power
PY2CP...................................201,238
YFØTUR ..................................58,201
YY2WTF ..................................33,128
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
EM9Q (UR9QQ).......................60,888
YC8EJ......................................60,656
CS7APD ..................................56,472
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
YU4TDX ................................184,847
YL2LW ..................................108,252
IU5ICR ....................................57,663
Single Op 3.7 MHz QRP
DO1WHU.................................33,528
Tribander/Single Element
Single Op All Band High Power
EW5Z (EU1A) .....................7,304,638
RJ4P ..................................6,312,705
PJ4DX ................................5,862,180
ZZ2T (PY2MNL) .................5,124,704
RT9S ..................................3,643,920
Single Op 21 MHz High Power
L77D (LU6DC).........................36,160
4XØA (4X1VF) .........................18,164
KM4HI.....................................18,000
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
V31VP (WBØTEV) ..............2,593,899
R5AJ ..................................1,443,924
RU5TT...................................581,910
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
DL4RCE.................................708,750
MM4D (GM4ATA) .................534,447
LY2UU (LY2BUU)..................490,044
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
EU4E ..................................1,147,770
MØMCV.................................519,170
DL6DH ..................................373,464
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power
YT6K (YU7KW) .....................214,816
UX5IS......................................91,945
IKØXBX ...................................69,255
Single Op All Band Low Power
4Z4AK ................................1,697,280
RZ3Z ..................................1,428,306
S58WW..............................1,099,800
OE2S (OE2VEL)..................1,089,491
EW1P ....................................995,220
Single Op 21 MHz Low Power
ZV2C (PY2CX).......................707,808
CE1UGE.................................120,186
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
EE8K (EA8AV) ....................1,398,216
UR2Y (USØYW) ....................763,040
YV5GPA ................................674,137
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
IZ4REF ...............................1,051,830
LY5Q .....................................906,704
IW2BZY.................................541,044
Single Op 3.7 MHz Low Power
OL9R..................................1,129,968
SQ6H (SQ6PLH)....................118,035
M6BIR.....................................50,460
Single Op 1.8 MHz Low Power
YT8A .....................................179,456
HA1TI ......................................38,250
E77EE......................................22,000
UNITED STATES
Single Op All Band High Power
K1LZ (K3JO) ....................13,216,527
NN2DX (W2RE)................11,625,520
NN3W...............................11,392,826
WA1Z ...............................11,360,277
WU2X (N5DX) ..................10,526,812
Single Op 28 MHz High Power
KZ5MM (W5PR)......................37,536
NA4W (K4WI) .........................13,080
Single Op 21 MHz High Power
N7RQ ......................................34,592
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
KJ4QHL..............................1,509,121
K8FF ......................................115,872
K8LX .....................................111,555
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
NQ2F (KD2RD) ...................1,784,160
AG4W.................................1,368,918
W6AFA ..................................909,720
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
ND8DX ...............................1,361,504
W3BGN .................................831,620
WIØWA (WØEWD) ................622,080
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power
WN2O (N2GC).........................18,144
K2XA .......................................17,475
Single Op All Band Low Power
NR4AA (N9NB)...................2,630,961
KS9K (N4TZ) ......................1,228,039
K8PGJ ...................................908,960
KQ1F (K1XM) ........................746,496
KU2M ....................................728,424
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
W2AW (N2GM) .....................639,580
N5JJ......................................335,989
KØEA.....................................201,758
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
NM2R....................................151,194
WA2JQK..................................77,190
KT3RR.....................................64,815
Single Op 3.7 MHz Low Power
AB1J........................................27,169
KC4WQ....................................12,948
K7DR.........................................6,780
Single Op All Band High Power
Assisted
KK6P ..................................5,293,254
NJ6G (N7MH) ....................4,419,260
KU1CW...............................4,130,200
W8MJ.................................3,836,635
N3QE..................................3,400,950
Single Op 28 MHz High Power
Assisted
WN1GIV (N4BP)......................10,494
Single Op 21 MHz High Power
Assisted
KM4HI.....................................18,000
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
Assisted
KG1E .....................................540,690
W7RN (K5RC) .......................330,368
NK3Y.....................................219,450
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
Assisted
WA3C ....................................467,712
KB1W ....................................237,876
N1RR ....................................197,398
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
Assisted
W3LL .................................1,119,744
W3NO....................................528,520
K2LE........................................81,650
Single Op All Band Low Power
Assisted
NG1R (W1QK)....................1,074,645
N2SQW .................................853,678
WO1N....................................538,752
N3HEE...................................532,532
WZ8T ....................................300,199
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
Assisted
AA4XA (HK1A) ......................535,925
N9TGR ..................................299,541
WA5WFE .................................61,875
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
Assisted
WA1FCN................................455,598
NØAG ....................................212,256
AA4NP...................................101,384
Single Op 3.7 MHz Low Power
Assisted
N3SD.......................................33,390
K7XC .......................................21,978
Single Op All Band QRP
WK9U....................................214,969
NDØC ....................................130,200
W6QU (W8QZA) ......................94,772
N5TZH.....................................70,493
W7YAQ....................................39,732
Single Op 14 MHz QRP
WE6EZ ....................................60,516
Single Op 1.8 MHz QRP
W2MF......................................17,775
Single Op All Band QRP Assisted
K2GMY....................................24,472
K8ZT........................................13,986
Single Op 14 MHz QRP Assisted
W5NN (K5NZ) .........................10,665
Multi-Single High Power
NV9L ..................................8,769,583
NW1P.................................8,021,790
KT5J...................................6,662,031
W5MX ................................4,453,720
KZ1W .................................3,917,230
Multi-Single Low Power
WK1DS..................................565,841
N8YXR ..................................531,846
W8AJT ..................................155,092
W5GAD .................................143,360
Multi-Two
K3LR ................................22,032,965
K9CT ..................................9,415,488
WC6H.................................8,289,190
WQ6X.................................3,547,600
KT7E...................................3,325,675
Multi-Multi
NE1C ..................................9,867,598
WX3B .................................9,000,480
NR6O .................................7,508,700
Rookie
Single Op All Band High Power
WZ1Y ....................................453,120
W4BBT ..................................348,320
AG7GP ....................................87,528
NØEHX ....................................34,776
AG5SO ....................................19,694
KD8NKY ..................................19,656
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
W4IPC...................................223,652
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
Single Op All Band Low Power
AA4LS ...................................227,751
N8EV .....................................105,265
KX4BI ....................................105,078
K2CAB.....................................64,144
AC9TO.....................................52,220
W3SPC....................................52,216
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
W2ASC....................................29,792
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
KI5AXG......................................5,148
Tribander/Single Element
Single Op All Band High Power
N3QE..................................3,400,950
NF4A (N4PN)......................3,023,163
N6AR..................................2,440,270
K4BAI .................................1,820,594
KR4Z (N4OX) .....................1,758,315
Single Op 21 MHz High Power
KM4HI.....................................18,000
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
KG1E .....................................540,690
WD5K....................................104,796
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
WTØDX ...................................90,640
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power
WN2O (N2GC).........................18,144
Single Op All Band Low Power
N2SQW .................................853,678
NGØC ....................................619,887
K5FUV ...................................584,440
WO1N....................................538,752
N3HEE...................................532,532
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
N5JJ......................................335,989
W9ILY ...................................119,970
WE6EZ ....................................60,516
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
NM2R....................................151,194
KT3RR.....................................64,815
N9OU ......................................34,100
Single Op 3.7 MHz Low Power
AB1J........................................27,169
EUROPE
Single Op All Band High Power
E7DX ................................14,213,126
ES5TV ..............................11,085,280
UW2M (URØMC)..............10,531,599
EC2DX................................9,593,768
9A73A (9A1UN)..................9,327,546
Single Op 21 MHz High Power
I5MXX .....................................60,006
IU5FFM....................................14,912
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
S5ØK..................................5,204,000
OE6Z (OE6MBG) ................4,894,373
OK7W.................................3,845,961
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
ED5S (EA5SR)....................7,227,081
RK3AW...............................1,970,318
GM5X (GM4YXI) ................1,284,916
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
SP8R (SP7VC) ...................2,597,652
UX2X (UT2XQ) ...................2,261,250
DR5ØDIG (DL3BQA) ..........1,756,676
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power
LY2PAD...................................61,533
G4WPD ...................................49,274
DL1AOB ..................................39,468
Single Op All Band Low Power
S53MM ..............................2,342,010
LY4L...................................2,285,865
US2YW...............................2,242,023
Single Op 21 MHz Low Power
LZ9V........................................21,014
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
IW1FRU.................................888,811
II8M (IZ8EYP) .......................561,959
RU4SS ..................................438,048
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
RC7KY................................1,061,340
LY5Q .....................................906,704
IW2BZY.................................541,044
Single Op 3.7 MHz Low Power
PGØØT (PA2TMS)..............1,130,875
LY9A .....................................692,038
SP4SHD ................................296,660
Single Op 1.8 MHz Low Power
YT8A .....................................179,456
E74R .......................................93,060
OK1JOK...................................70,176
Single Op All Band High Power
Assisted
IO4X (IT9RGY) .................12,686,548
LY29A (LY4A) ..................11,680,650
CR6K (CT1CJJ) ................10,477,080
OM3BH.............................10,460,880
LY7Z...................................9,491,697
Single Op 21 MHz High Power
Assisted
YT3PL .....................................43,904
II9Y (IT9IQQ)...........................43,044
DL1WA....................................33,984
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
Assisted
DL2ARD .............................6,274,105
YT3X ..................................4,140,436
UD4F ..................................2,760,988
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
Assisted
SN3A (SP3GEM) ................8,049,132
LY1FW ...............................4,508,740
OL9Z (OK2PVF)..................4,269,680
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
Assisted
OL4C ..................................4,339,440
S54ZZ.................................2,454,834
S51YI .................................1,859,840
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power
Assisted
S573G (S56M) ......................627,944
YT6K (YU7KW) .....................214,816
SP3GTS.................................151,369
Single Op All Band Low Power
Assisted
IQ8SN (IZ8FWN) ................3,422,991
TM3Z (F4DSK) ...................3,205,395
RL6M .................................1,920,293
YO3APJ..............................1,760,243
RO5F (UA3FQ)....................1,680,783
Single Op 21 MHz Low Power
Assisted
I1WXY.....................................16,872
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
Assisted
UR3GU ...............................1,349,365
UR2Y (USØYW) ....................763,040
IT9XTP ..................................573,420
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
Assisted
OK6T (OK1WCF) ................1,115,604
IZ4REF ...............................1,051,830
LY5W ....................................888,879
Single Op 3.7 MHz Low Power
Assisted
OL9R..................................1,129,968
SP4DZT.................................542,660
UY7C.....................................490,000
Single Op 1.8 MHz Low Power
Assisted
HGØR (HAØNAR) ..................370,272
LY4ZZ (LY2BMX) ..................154,287
OK6Y (OK2PTZ) ......................82,260
Single Op All Band QRP
OK2FD...................................594,280
ES6RW..................................552,672
HG6C (HA6IAM) ....................335,280
UT5EOX.................................274,050
UR5FEO.................................258,352
Single Op 14 MHz QRP
LY2OU...................................118,560
LY5G .......................................94,367
MØHMJ ...................................77,660
Single Op 7 MHz QRP
LZ1DM ..................................164,478
LY2NK...................................154,940
UT5UUV ..................................29,998
Single Op 3.7 MHz QRP
OK6K (OK5IM) ......................142,922
Single Op 1.8 MHz QRP
HA1TI ......................................38,250
EU1AA.....................................32,886
Single Op All Band QRP Assisted
RT4W ....................................211,888
RA5AD (R3AP)......................168,840
YU1LM/QRP..........................167,577
9A4OP...................................165,312
MM3AWD..............................117,249
Single Op 21 MHz QRP Assisted
LZ24M (LZ3DX) ......................10,136
Single Op 14 MHz QRP Assisted
IZ3NVR....................................22,220
YU3VIP....................................20,458
EA4GRZ...................................12,525
Single Op 7 MHz QRP Assisted
F4BKV ...................................282,744
LZ8U .......................................73,584
UT3EK .....................................67,767
Single Op 3.7 MHz QRP Assisted
9A9J (9A7ZZ) ........................171,028
E74O .....................................144,333
IZ1ANK....................................16,380
Multi-Single High Power
TM6M...............................22,136,170
UA5L ................................16,586,764
IO5O.................................15,760,875
RU1A................................14,191,905
9A5Y ................................11,679,745
Multi-Single Low Power
IR9K ...................................1,629,920
LY8ØØSMG........................1,430,572
UW6E .................................1,320,936
4U1A ..................................1,212,888
OL1Z ..................................1,020,096
Multi-Two
EI19RE .............................27,584,865
OM7ØKAP ........................25,557,933
IR6T .................................24,330,240
II9P ..................................18,011,415
HG7T................................16,823,641
Multi-Multi
9A1A ................................32,819,200
LZ9W ...............................22,652,608
OT5A ................................11,524,116
II2S ..................................10,991,019
IK2YCW............................10,071,512
Rookie
Single Op All Band High Power
SQ3M ....................................382,570
OK2XDD ................................264,576
UR5KIT....................................69,720
6HSWHPEHU
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
ED3C (EA3IBV)......................667,926
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
SP7MU....................................45,064
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
LY71A .....................................54,683
Single Op All Band Low Power
E71AZ....................................608,328
OM4IK...................................504,576
R2ARR ..................................372,618
S55BA ...................................347,026
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
EM9Q (UR9QQ).......................60,888
CS7APD ..................................56,472
F4IEX.......................................25,312
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
YU4TDX ................................184,847
YL2LW ..................................108,252
IU5ICR ....................................57,663
Single Op 3.7 MHz QRP
DO1WHU.................................33,528
Tribander/Single Element
Single Op All Band High Power
EW5Z (EU1A) .....................7,304,638
RJ4P ..................................6,312,705
IO3F (IZ3SQW)...................3,213,243
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
R5AJ ..................................1,443,924
RU5TT...................................581,910
ED3B (EA3BOX) ....................498,400
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
DL4RCE.................................708,750
MM4D (GM4ATA) .................534,447
LY2UU (LY2BUU)..................490,044
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
EU4E ..................................1,147,770
MØMCV.................................519,170
DL6DH ..................................373,464
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power
YT6K (YU7KW) .....................214,816
UX5IS......................................91,945
IKØXBX ...................................69,255
Single Op All Band Low Power
RZ3Z ..................................1,428,306
S58WW..............................1,099,800
OE2S (OE2VEL)..................1,089,491
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
UR2Y (USØYW) ....................763,040
TM5T (F5VKT).......................345,538
HG6R ....................................281,536
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
IZ4REF ...............................1,051,830
LY5Q .....................................906,704
IW2BZY.................................541,044
Single Op 3.7 MHz Low Power
OL9R..................................1,129,968
SQ6H (SQ6PLH)....................118,035
M6BIR.....................................50,460
Single Op 1.8 MHz Low Power
YT8A .....................................179,456
HA1TI ......................................38,250
E77EE......................................22,000
‡ &4‡ 
 &4:::3;66%3/$48(:,11(56$1''21256
D X Wo r l d 6,1*/(23(5$725$//%$1'
:25/' 7RP*HRUJHQV:6&3ODTXH:RQE\&1&2RSHUDWHGE\'LPLWUL.U\XNRY5$&2
:25/'/RZ3RZHU &DULEEHDQ&RQWHVWLQJ&RQVRUWLXP3ODTXH:RQE\3-5RSHUDWHGE\-RKQ%D\QH..$
:25/'453 3KLO.ULFKEDXP1‘.(3ODTXH:RQE\.DUHO.DUPDVLQ2.)'

Guide 86$ $WLODQRGH2PV3<(*3ODTXH:RQE\./=RSHUDWHGE\9HOLPLU'HULF.-2

86$/RZ3RZHU 7HUU\=LYQH\17=3ODTXH:RQE\15$$RSHUDWHGE\7HG5DSSDSRUW11%
86$453 'RXJ=ZLHEHO.543ODTXH:RQE\-DVRQ/HVOLH:.8
86$=RQH/RZ3RZHU %X]5HHYHV.*/0HPRULDO3ODTXH:RQE\3DXO'RUH\:1.

New 4th Edition! 86$=RQH+LJK3RZHU -HUU\5RVDOLXV:%=DQG9DO+RW]IHOG19/3ODTXH:RQE\:=)RSHUDWHGE\/DUU\

&ULP.$%
86$=RQH/RZ3RZHU-HUU\5RVDOLXV:%=DQG9DO+RW]IHOG19/3ODTXH:RQE\.6.RSHUDWHGE\7HUU\
By Franz Langner, DJ9ZB =LYQH\17=
86$=RQH+LJK3RZHU &KDUOHV:RRWHQ1)$3ODTXH$ZDUGHGWR11';RSHUDWHGE\5D\+LJJLQV:5(

(8523(+LJK3RZHU 'DYH6LGGDOO.=-3ODTXH:RQE\(PLU%UDFR0HPLF(';
(8523(453 :DOWHU6NXGODUHN'-470HPRULDOE\5KHLQ5KXU';$VVRFLDWLRQ$ZDUGHGWR5HLQ.RON(65:

$)5,&$ 3HWHU6SUHQJHO3<&&3ODTXH$ZDUGHGWR8OULFK$QQ=5$
th
Buy Bo E!
$6,$ &KULV7HUNOD1;63ODTXH:RQE\/‘$RSHUDWHGE\$QG\.D]DQWVHY8%.
1257+$0(5,&$ $OEHUW&UHVSR)9+-3ODTXH:RQE\)*.+RSHUDWHGE\%DUURX[)UDQFLV)$66
V
and SA
2&($1,$+LJK3RZHU 3KLOOLS)UD]LHU.=00HPRULDO3ODTXH:RQE\%LOO.ROOHQEDXP.+;6
6287+$0(5,&$ $QGUHZ)DEHU$(<3ODTXH:RQE\3-.RSHUDWHGE\5LFK6PLWK1.7
6287+(51&21(&(&;/8/RZ3RZHU /8&RQWHVW*URXS3ODTXH:RQE\&ODXGLR/XQD/8'.
&$1$'$+LJK3RZHU 6DVNDWFKHZDQ&RQWHVW&OXE3ODTXH:RQE\9%(RSHUDWHGE\5RQ9DQGHU.UDDWV9($7
&$1$'$/RZ3RZHU 3DXO&DVVHO9(6<0HPRULDO3ODTXHE\&RQWHVW&OXE2QWDULR:RQE\(G5LFKDUGVRQ
9(97
-$3$1 +DPDG$OQXVLI.+13ODTXH:RQE\0DVDNL2NDQR-+8<%
$6($1:09'8+69;8;:;=<%+LJK3RZHU $JXV:LELVRQR<%7;3ODTXH:RQE\95+
RSHUDWHGE\+DMLPH.DWR-2585
$6($1:09'8+69;8;:;=<%/RZ3RZHU <%/DQG';&OXE3ODTXH:RQE\<RKDQHV
%XGKLRQR<%';
Known throughout the DX
and DXpedition world as a 6,1*/(23(5$7256,1*/(%$1'
:25/'0+] 0DPXND.RUG]DNKLD/03ODTXH:RQE\=:%RSHUDWHGE\3HWHU6SUHQJHO3<&&
meticulous and tireless operator, :25/'0+]/RZ3RZHU 6L[6WDUV&RQWHVW6WDWLRQ/6'3ODTXH:RQE\)UDQFLVFR)DJRWWH388$)
Franz Langner, DJ9ZB, is also :25/'0+] 6WXDUW6DQWHOPDQQ.&)0HPRULDO*HQH6KDEO\JLQ:8$5$$$VSRQVRU3ODTXH:RQE\
&96RSHUDWHGE\(XJHQLRGH0DULQR&;66
noted as one of the most :25/'0+] /\QQ6FKULQHU:)20HPRULDOE\15=3ODTXH:RQE\0DUNR0XQLK6‘.
knowledgeable individuals in :25/'0+] .DUVRQR6X\DQWR<%‘1'73ODTXH:RQE\('6RSHUDWHGE\$QJHO7XUSLQ*XLOODPRQ($65
Amateur Radio in terms of :25/'0+] 5RJHU0LQHU.'493ODTXH:RQE\635RSHUDWHGE\3U]HP\VODZ*ROHPERZVNL639&
:25/'0+] 'PLWUL*RUVKNRY8$)%3ODTXH:RQE\-HIIUH\%ULJJV9<=0
documenting DXCC entities.
86$0+] 0DXULFH6FKLHWHFDWWH1/=3ODTXH:RQE\.=00RSHUDWHGE\&KXFN'LHW]:35
This is the fourth edition of his 86$0+] 0DXULFH6FKLHWHFDWWH1/=3ODTXH:RQE\6DQG\)DUOH\154
series of books bearing the title 86$0+] &KDUOHV:RRWHQ1)$3ODTXH:RQE\<DQFR5RTXHGH(VFREDU.-4+/
DX World Guide. It was first 86$0+] <DQNHH&OLSSHU&RQWHVW&OXE3ODTXH:RQE\14)RSHUDWHGE\-RKQ%DJQR.'5'
86$0+] %HUQLH:HOFK:,0=0HPRULDO3ODTXH:RQE\.DUO%UDQGW1'';
published in Germany in 1988
and followed by a second (8523(0+] &KXFN'LHW]:353ODTXH:RQE\*7RPPDVR,:‘+%<
(8523(0+] 6-:&RQWHVW7HDP3ODTXH$ZDUGHGWR2(=RSHUDWHGE\0LFKDHO6FKZDE2(0%*
edition, also in Germany in 1977. (8523(0+] 5DQNR%RFD2$3ODTXH$ZDUGHGWR8;;RSHUDWHGE\7RO\0HOQLN87;4
The third edition, published in the
U.S.A in 2012 was the first to use
color throughout. This 380-page,
fourth edition, also full color
throughout, includes information
on well over 300 DX entities.
Whether used as a desk
reference for the DXer of any
level of proficiency or as a “wish
book” for DXers just starting his or
her DXCC journey, the new DX
World Guide is a worthy and
pleasant companion!
This 380-page, Fourth Edition is
available in paperback and on CD!
6 X 9 Paperback – only $49.95
Book on CD – only $34.95
Buy both the Paperback and CD –
only $68.95
3OXVDSSOLFDEOHVKLSSLQJDQGKDQGOLQJFKDUJH
6LQJOHLWHPVKLSSLQJFKDUJHDSSOLHVZKHQ\RXSXU
FKDVHERWKWKHERRNDQG&'WRJHWKHU

CQ Communications, Inc.
17 W. John St., Hicksville, NY 11801 FAX 3KRWR%(:=¶VVWDWLRQLVORFDWHGLQDQDSDUWPHQWEXLOGLQJ+HWRRNILUVWSODFH
516 681-2926 LQWKH7ULEDQGHURYHUOD\
http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 From MILLIWATTS
To KILOWATTS
SM
6,1*/(23(5$725$66,67('
:25/' '&0RQWHYHUGH&RQWHVW7HDP3ODTXH:RQE\()=RSHUDWHGE\-RUJH7DERDGD3DUHMD($/=
86$ $ODEDPD&RQWHVW*URXS3ODTXH:RQE\3DXO0HUULOO..3
(8523( 0DUWLQ+XPO2/<3ODTXH:RQE\,2;RSHUDWHGE\*DEU\,XOLDQL,75*<
$6,$ 5DIDO'XQDO64&113ODTXH:RQE\==RSHUDWHGE\6HWK/HYLWDWV;';
2&($1,$ 6LG&DHVDU1+&3ODTXH:RQE\.HQ%DZGHQ9.4+
,1'21(6,$6LQJOH2SHUDWRU$Q\&DWHJRU\ $QGD<XGDV<%+$,3ODTXH:RQE\<DQD.RU\DQD<%$5
In Stock Now!
29(5/$<&$7(*25,(6
:25/'7ULEDQGHU6LQJOH(OHPHQW 1DWH0RUHVFKL1<'83ODTXH:RQE\(:=RSHUDWHGE\6HUJH\%DEDNKLQ
(8$
Semiconductors
86$7ULEDQGHU6LQJOH(OHPHQW -RH0LOOHU.-23ODTXH:RQE\7LP6KRSSD14(
86$7ULEDQGHU6LQJOH(OHPHQW/RZ3RZHU $OH[0-RV]D.*(3ODTXH:RQE\.HQ*RHW]164:
(8523(7ULEDQGHU6LQJOH(OHPHQW 5RJHU0LQHU.'493ODTXH$ZDUGHGWR,JRU9DFKHYVNL5-3
:25/'5RRNLH 9DO(GZDUGV:.,&0HPRULDO./5VSRQVRU3ODTXH:RQE\&KULVWRSKHU+LOOLHU92,';
for Manufacturing
08/7,23(5$7256,1*/(75$160,77(5
:25/' /DWYLDQ&RQWHVW&OXE3ODTXH:RQE\3:RSHUDWHGE\5.)'=/$/=+05'&;5)28$)(5
and Servicing
5::5DQG5$$88
:25/'/RZ3RZHU 0LNH*RRGH1160HPRULDO+RRVLHU';DQG&RQWHVW&OXEVSRQVRU3ODTXH:RQE\=:7
RSHUDWHGE\36+)361)DQG36%5
Communications
86$ 6WHYH%ROLD1%-43ODTXH:RQE\19/RSHUDWHGE\19/.'5+.7..15DQG:%=
86$ /RZ 3RZHU 0DWW 7DWUR 10& 3ODTXH :RQ E\ :.'6 RSHUDWHG E\ :;79 1=4= :;79- $()+
.0,3)DQG.07;7
(8523( 7RQQR9DKN(6793ODTXH:RQE\700RSHUDWHGE\)$..)';:DQG)'%)
1257+$0(5,&$ -HUU\5RVDOLXV:%=DQG9DO+RW]IHOG19/3ODTXH:RQE\933RSHUDWHGE\$).
DQG:77

08/7,23(5$7257:275$160,77(5 9LVLW
:25/' .HQ$GDPV..$0HPRULDO3ODTXH:RQE\(,5(RSHUDWHGE\,.4(,,.6*&2.582.))8
DQG2010
2XU
WH
86$ )ORULGD&RQWHVW*URXS3ODTXH:RQE\./5RSHUDWHGE\.0$7711&9('=2+$57.-2DQG :HEVL
.*+92
(8523( 5LFK6WUDQG./5$0HPRULDO3ODTXH$ZDUGHGWR20‘.$3RSHUDWHGE\2.%)120,%203$
2000205:20=:DQG63/-'

08/7,23(5$72508/7,75$160,77(5
:25/' 6WHYH³6LG´&DHVDU1+&3ODTXH:RQE\&1$RSHUDWHGE\,.4(,,.6*&2.5,2.))82010
,='/9,==2=DQG&1:: •
86$ 'DOH+RSSH.8$0HPRULDO3ODTXH:RQE\1(&RSHUDWHGE\.,:$*=:,0.;;.1=17.
DQG.777
(8523( 5LFN 'RXJKHUW\ 14, 3ODTXH :RQ E\ $$ RSHUDWHG E\ $: $$ $5 $( $& $$
$5$$606$$$(8$'5DQG6.

&217(67(;3(',7,21
• Semiconductors
:25/'*DLO06KHHKDQ.5('3ODTXH 1RWDZDUGHG

'HQRWHVDZDUGHGWRUXQQHUXSLQFDWHJRU\
•

WULEDQGHUV FDQ DFKLHYH KXJH VFRUHV

7KHUHZHUHHQWUDQWVLQWKLVRYHUOD\
(:= (8$ ZRQ IURP KLV VWDWLRQ
3KRWR&(:=GRHVQ¶WQHHGDORWRI
VSDFHRUDKXJHDQWHQQDWRFRPSHWH
LQFRQWHVWVDVHYLGHQFHGE\KLVZLQQLQJ
WKH7ULEDQGHURYHUOD\
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
3KRWRV% &LQDQDSDUWPHQWEXLOG
LQJZKLOH=$.EHDW5==LQWKHORZ
SRZHU FURZG 14( EHDW SHUHQQLDO
•
FKDPS131LQWKH867ULEDQG:LUHV
UDFH WR FRPSOHWH KLV ³7%:LUHV WULSOH
SOD\´ ² :3; SODTXHV IRU 66% &:
DQG577<7%:LUHV)%7LP
(Orders only) 800-RF PARTS
Multi-Operator
3:ZRQWKH0XOWL2SHUDWRU6LQJOH Website: www.rfparts.com
7UDQVPLWWHUSODTXH(,5(WRSSHGWKH Fax: 760-744-1943
FRPSHWLWLYH PXOWLWZR FDWHJRU\ WKLV 888-744-1943
\HDU&1$UHWXUQHGWRWKH0XOWL0XOWL
FDWHJRU\EHVWLQJ'&7KHUHZHUH Email: rfp@rfparts.com
HQWULHVLQWKHPXOWLVLQJOHORZSRZHUFDW
HJRU\ZLWKWKHWHDPDW+,.DJDLQFRP
LQJLQVHFRQGWKLVWLPHWRWKHJDQJDW
=:7
19/ DJDLQ ZRQ WKH VWDWHVLGH 06
KLJKSRZHUSODTXH7KHIDPLO\FOXEVWD
WLRQ :.'6 ZDV DJDLQ WKH 86 ORZ
6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 
 SRZHU 06 ZLQQHU 7KH ³7HDP ([
VO1CBL’s Tale XEHUDQFH´ \RXWKDW./5IHOOMXVWVKRUW
RI VHWWLQJ D QHZ : UHFRUG EXW HDVLO\
VXUSULVHG ZKHQ WKH IRRW YHUWLFDO SRVWHG WKH KLJKHVW VWDWHVLGH PXOWLWZR
VWRRGWDOODQGSHUIRUPHGDVZHOODVLW VFRUH
GLG,LQLWLDOO\ZDVJRLQJWRSOD\DOLWWOH
EXWDVPHDOWLPHVDSSURDFKHGP\ZLIH Records
EURXJKWP\PHDOVWRWKHVKDFNZKLFK 7KHUHZHUHQRQHZZRUOGUHFRUGVWKLV
HQFRXUDJHGPHWRJHWDOLWWOHPRUHVHUL \HDULQWKHPDMRUFDWHJRULHVDQGRQO\
RXVDQGWU\,DGPLW,GLGZDQGHUDZD\ RQH QHZ FRQWLQHQWDO PDUN ,W LV ILWWLQJ
IURPWKHUDGLRDFRXSOHWLPHVWRSOD\ WKDW9<=0VHWDQHZ1RUWK$PHULFDQ
ZLWKP\NLGVEXWZLWKLQDQKRXU,ZDV PHWHUPDUNLQDSHULRGZLWKPLQL
EDFNRQWKHDLUDQGFDOOLQJDJDLQ,WZDV PDOVRODUDFWLYLW\
DORWRIIXQWRZRUNQHDUO\FRXQWULHV 5HFRUGV IRU DOO RI WKH YDULRXV FDWH
LQMXVWWZRGD\V,ORRNIRUZDUGWRSOD\ JRULHV DQG FRXQWULHV FDQ EH IRXQG DW
LQJDJDLQQH[W\HDU ZZZFTZS[FRPUHFRUGVKWP!
± 9\&KULV92,';
Final Observations
:HDUHJODGWRDJDLQLQFOXGHWKHFRP
SOHWHOLVWLQJRIVWDWLRQVVXEPLWWLQJWKHLU
92,';HDUQHGKLV&DQDGLDQOLFHQVH
ORJVDQGWKHLUOLQHVFRUHV$VVLVWHGVWD
WZR\HDUVDJRDQGORYHGLWVRPXFK
KHZHQWRQWRSDVVDOOWKUHHOLFHQVH
FODVVHVLQWKH86 N2SQW’s Tale
,KDYHRQO\EHHQDKDPIRUWZR\HDUV .HQ 164: ZULWHV ³0\ WZR
,HDUQHGP\ILUVWOLFHQVHLQ-XQH IDYRULWH LWHPV UHJDUGLQJ KDP UDGLR
DV D EDVLF DPDWHXU ZLWK KRQRUV LQ DUHFRQWHVWLQJDQG';LQJ:KLOH,GR
&DQDGDDQGXSJUDGHGWR$GYDQFHG KDYHDQDYDLODEOHDPSOLILHU,XVXDO
WKH IROORZLQJ PRQWK DQG EHFDPH O\GRPRVWFRQWHVWVXVLQJORZSRZHU
NQRZQDV92,';-XVWODVWPRQWK, , IRXQG WKDW P\ OLPLWLQJ IDFWRU ZDV
ZURWHDOOWKUHH)&&H[DPVWRDFKLHYH PRUHRIZKDW,FRXOGKHDUUDWKHUWKDQ
DQ$PDWHXU([WUD&ODVVOLFHQVHLQWKH ZKR FRXOG KHDU PH , FDQ EH PRUH
86 DQG REWDLQHG WKH YDQLW\ FDOO FRPSHWLWLYHLQWKHORZSRZHUFDWHJR
.,'; +DYLQJ UHWLUHG WKUHH \HDUV U\ZKHUH,DPQRWFRPSHWLQJZLWKWKH
DJR,KDGDORWRIWLPHRQP\KDQGV PDVVLYH DQWHQQD IDUPV VRPH VWD
DQGZDQWHGWRPDLQWDLQP\VNLOOVHWVR WLRQVDUHIRUWXQDWHHQRXJKWRKDYH
,FKRVHWRJHWLQWRKDPUDGLR ,W¶VDOVRYLWDOWREHZHOOUHVWHG<RX
6LQFH WKHQ , KDYH HQWHUHG LQWR D FDQ¶W PDNH FRQWDFWV LI \RX DUH QRW
FURVVERUGHU UDGLR SURMHFW ZLWK P\ VSHQGLQJWLPHµLQWKHFKDLU¶´
$PHULFDQPHQWRU6DP../&DND
92&%/ZKRKDVWDXJKWPHDORW+H
DOVRKHOSHGPHILQDQFHDQGEXLOGDQLFH
UHPRWH QHWZRUN RI )OH[ UDGLRV LQ 92,';NHHSVKLVVWDWLRQLQDVKDFN
&DQDGDDQGWKH86WKDWZHFDOOWKH LQ KLV EDFN\DUG ZKLFK LV LQ 1HZ
1RUWK $WODQWLF 5DGLR 3URMHFW 1$53 IRXQGODQG&DQDGD
DVZHOODVDFRPSHWLWLYHFRQWHVWVWDWLRQ
RQWKH,VODQGRI1HZIRXQGODQG
,VWDUWHGFRQWHVWLQJMXVWDERXWD\HDU
DJRDQGWKLVZDVP\ILUVWWLPHHQWHU
LQJ &4:: :3; 66% FRQWHVW 7KH
HTXLSPHQW ZDV D )OH[  QRZ
XSJUDGHG WR  WKDW VLWV LQ P\
JDUDJHIHHWEHKLQGP\KRXVHDQG
, RSHUDWH UHPRWHO\  RI WKH WLPH
7KHDPSOLILHULVDQ(OHFUDIW.3$
ZLWKPDWFKLQJ.$7FRXSOHUSXVK
LQJZDWWVWRD';(QJLQHHULQJ
IRRWYHUWLFDOZLWKMXVWUDGLDOVDW
PHWHUVORQJHDFK1RUPDOO\,UXQD
0RVHO\ 3UR% KRZHYHU MXVW GD\V
EHIRUHWKHFRQWHVWLWVXVWDLQHGGDP
DJHIURPKLJKZLQGVDQGLFH 92,';RSHUDWHVKLVVWDWLRQUHPRWH
1HZIRXQGODQGLVDWRXJKSODFHWREH O\ IURP KLV KRXVH ZKLOH WKH WUDQV 164:¶VVHWXSORRNVSURIHVVLRQDO
DKDPDQGPDLQWDLQDQWHQQDV,DOVR PLWWHU LV LQ KLV EDFN\DUG VKDFN  DQGKHORRNVUHDG\WRFRPSHWHLQWKH
ORVWDFRXSOHRIZLUHDQWHQQDVVRZDV IHHWIURPWKHKRXVH &4:::3;66%&RQWHVW

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 WZ1Y’s Tale
-DFN :=< VDLG KH ³XVHG DQ ,&20 ,&  ([SHUW
/LQHDU¶V.)$DPSZLWKDKH[EHDPIRUPHWHUVLW
KDVDPHWHUDGGRQNLWDWDQHOHYDWLRQRIIHHWDQG
WKH+XVWOHU%79IRUP\IHZFRQWDFWVRQPHWHUV,PRVW
O\VHDUFKHGDQGSRXQFHGDQGWKHIHZVKRUWUXQV,KDGZHUH
ILOOHGZLWKVWDWHVLGHFRQWDFWV,WZDVWKHELJJHVWHIIRUW,¶YH
SXWLQWRDFRQWHVWVRIDU,KDGWRQVRIIXQDQGFDQ¶WZDLWIRU
WKHQH[WRQHV$QG,¶P\HDUVROG´ :KDWDJUHDWVWDUW
IRUWKH865RRNLHFKDPSLRQ

:=<LVUHOD[HGDIWHUZLQQLQJILUVWSODFHLQWKH865RRNLH
RYHUOD\

WPX SSB with the Girl Scouts in Manila

7KH 0DQLOD *LUO 6FRXW &RXQFLO $PDWHXU 5DGLR &OXE XS:HSURYLGHEDVLFUDGLRWUDLQLQJDWWKHVWDUWRIWKHVFKRRO
0*6&$5&ZLWKVWDWLRQFDOOVLJQ';0*6LVFRPSRVHG \HDUVRZHFDQKDYHWKHPOLFHQVHGLQDIHZPRQWKV
RIDGXOWOLFHQVHGYROXQWHHUVPDOHDQGIHPDOH*LUO6FRXWV
DQGDGXOWOHDGHUVIURPGLIIHUHQWVFKRROVLQWKHFDSLWDORIWKH
3KLOLSSLQHV0DQLOD2XUPDLQREMHFWLYHLVWRSURPRWHDPD
WHXUUDGLRDPRQJRXU*LUO6FRXWVZKRDUH\HDUVROGDQG
7KH0DQLOD*LUO6FRXW&RXQFLO$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE0*6&
2Q0DUFK0*6&$5&VWDUWHGDVVHPEOLQJLWVPHP
EHUVDQGWKH*LUO6FRXWVDWLWV0DQLOD&RXQFLO+DP6KDFN
$IHZOLFHQVHG*LUO6FRXWVZHUHJDWKHUHGDURXQGWKHUDGLRV
2QHJLUOZDVWUDQVPLWWLQJDQGRQHZDVORJJLQJZKLOHRWKHUV
OLVWHQHG6RPH*LUO6FRXWVZKRZDQWHGWRZLWQHVVKRZWKH
FRQWHVWZRUNHGEHFDPHREVHUYHUV
2XUHTXLSPHQWLQFOXGHVDQ,&20DQGDQ8OWUDEHDP
WKUHHHOHPHQW<DJLPRXQWHGRQDIRRWWRZHUWKDWZDV
FRQVWUXFWHGDQGGRQDWHGE\DKDPIULHQG+LWRVKL)XMLZDUD
-),67'8,67IURP-DSDQ
,WZDVDYHU\HQMR\DEOHH[FLWLQJH[SHULHQFHIRURXUJLUOV
PDQ\RIZKRPZHUHPRVWO\ILUVWWLPHUVRQ+)DQG';LQJ
:H VWD\HG LQ WKH FRXQFLO IRU D VOHHSRYHU WDNLQJ WXUQV WR
ZRUN';DQGPDNHFRQWDFWVWRJHWKHUZLWKRXUHOPHUV
$PRQJ WKRVH ZKR SDUWLFLSDWHG ZHUH /LQGD 0LVRQ
'9&'<7DVKD0LVRQ,%$7-XGHVVD%DOGLD*'(6
0LFKHOOH(GXDUWH+0&+(O\VD-DQD/DVDS*-$1
:LQIUH\ 3DGODQ +:%3 $UQROG 5DYDJR ,, '<<-5
$UQROG5DYDJR,9':9'1+HUEHUW*XLQWR':;1*
-DLPH 3DUHGHV ':691 3DXO 0DUF 5DxRQ ':3'&
DQG3DWULFN+XOLSDV)3+
± 7DVKD0LVRQ,%$73UHVLGHQW0*6&$5&
$5&XVHGWKH&4:::3;66%FRQWHVWDVDOHDUQ
LQJH[SHULHQFHIRUVHYHUDO*LUO6FRXWVLQWKH3KLOLSSLQHV¶
FDSLWDOFLW\

0*6&$5&SRVHVIRUDJURXSVKRWRXWVLGHRIWKHLUKDP
7KHJLUOVWRRNWXUQVRSHUDWLQJORJJLQJDQGREVHUYLQJ VKDFN

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

i7610
HF / 6M Direct Sampling SDR Transceiver

• 100 Watt Output Power*

• Independent Dual Receiver
• DIGI-SEL Preselector
• 7” Color Touch Screen display with High-speed,
real-time spectrum/FFT scope
• Ethernet port with RS-BA1 internal server
*40W on AM

i7300
HF / 6M Direct Sampling SDR Transceiver

• 100 Watt Output Power*

• 4.3” Color Touch Screen
display with High-speed,
real-time spectrum/FFT scope
*40W on AM

:::,&20$0(5,&$&20

)RUWKHORYHRIKDPUDGLR
‹,FRP$PHULFD,QF7KH,FRPORJRLVDUHJLVWHUHGWUDGHPDUNRI,FRP,QF$OORWKHU
WUDGHPDUNUHPDLQWKHSURSHUW\RIWKHLUUHVSHFWLYHRZQHUV$OOVSHFLILFDWLRQVDUHVXEMHFWWR
FKDQJHZLWKRXWQRWLFHRUREOLJDWLRQ
WLRQV¶ OLQHVFRUHVDUHIRXQGLPPHGLDWH
O\DIWHUWKHVLQJOHRSHUDWRUXQDVVLVWHG &4:::3;66%&217(67
OLQHVFRUHVIRUHDFKFDOODUHDRUFRXQ $//7,0(5(&25'6
WU\/RJVUHFHLYHGDIWHUWKHRIILFLDOGHDG 7KHFRQWHVWLVKHOGHDFK\HDURQWKHODVWIXOOZHHNHQGRI0DUFK7KH$OO7LPH5HFRUGVZLOOEHXSGDW
OLQHDUHVKRZQLQLWDOLFVLQWKHOLQHVFRUHV HGDQGSXEOLVKHGDQQXDOO\'DWDIROORZLQJWKHFDOOV\HDURIRSHUDWLRQWRWDOVFRUHDQGQXPEHURI
SUHIL[PXOWLSOLHUV
DQGDUHQRWHOLJLEOHIRUDQ\DZDUGV,Q
DGGLWLRQVHDUFKDEOHGDWDEDVHVRIWKH
:25/'5(&25'+2/'(56 86$5(&25'+2/'(56
HQWLUH KLVWRU\ RI WKH &4:: :3; 6LQJOH2SHUDWRU 6LQJOH2SHUDWRU
&RQWHVW UHVXOWV DUH DYDLODEOH RQ WKH  &15¶    .=0¶  
FRQWHVWZHEVLWHZZZFTZS[FRP!  &15¶    .82¶  
7KHUH DUH D QXPEHU RI YROXQWHHUV  ()5¶    :8$¶  
PDNLQJWKLVFRQWHVWSRVVLEOH.='DQG  &15¶    .40¶  
 &15¶    .40¶  
17= SURYLGHG WKH VNLOOHG SHUVRQDO
 '&¶    .40¶  
DQDO\VLV RI WKH ORJV WKDW FRPSXWHUV $% &15¶   $% ./=µ  
DORQH FDQQRW SURYLGH 7KH VRIWZDUH /3 )<)<¶   /3 ::<¶  
VXSSRUWIURP.($DQG.07HQDEOHV 453 +&$¶   453 .54¶  
WKH WLPHO\ SURFHVVLQJ RI \RXU ORJV $VVLVWHG &4/¶   $VVLVWHG .,*¶  
'RXJ.'*KDQGOHVWKHSODTXHVLQD
0XOWL2SHUDWRU6LQJOH7UDQVPLWWHU 0XOWL2SHUDWRU6LQJOH7UDQVPLWWHU
YHU\ WLPHO\ PDQQHU 3DSHU ORJV ZHUH
&1$$¶  ::';¶  
PDQXDOO\HQWHUHGE\.&(24:74
:,:, .-& DQG 17= .=' KDV 0XOWL2SHUDWRU7ZR7UDQVPLWWHU 0XOWL2SHUDWRU7ZR7UDQVPLWWHU
DJDLQ XSGDWHG WKH RXWVWDQGLQJ &4 '&¶   ./=¶  
:3;ZHEVLWH
7KH&4:3;66%&RQWHVWZLOO 0XOWL2SHUDWRU0XOWL7UDQVPLWWHU 0XOWL2SHUDWRU0XOWL7UDQVPLWWHU
&1$$¶  14,¶  
EHKHOG0DUFK7KHORJGHDGOLQH
LVILYHGD\VDIWHUWKHFRQFOXVLRQRQWKH
FRQWHVW $SULO  DW = 8SGDWHG &/8%5(&25' 4535(&25' :3;3UHIL[5(&25'
&RQWHVW&OXE)LQODQG¶  +&$¶  (6&¶ 
UXOHV ZLOO EH SXEOLVKHG LQ WKH -DQXDU\
LVVXHRI&4 DQGZLOOEHSRVWHGRQWKH
ZHEVLWHVPHQWLRQHGDERYH7KDQNVWR &217,1(17$/5(&25'+2/'(56
DOO RI RXU SDUWLFLSDQWV WKLV \HDU DQG ,
KRSHWRKHDU\RXRQWKHDLULQ $)5,&$  .+1'¶  
 &15¶    $+';¶ 
 &15¶    7;Ø';¶  
The NEW Shortwave  ()5¶   $% .+;¶  
 &15¶  
Propagation Handbook  &15¶   6287+$0(5,&$
 '&¶    +..<5¶  
The single most comprehensive $% &15¶    <:'¶  
source of information on HF  +.7¶  
propagation is once again $6,$  +.;¶  
available from CQ!  <0Ø7¶    =;-¶  
 +7¶    3;(¶  
 %.&7,=¶   $% +&$¶  
‡ 3ULQFLSOHVRILRQRVSKHULF  3:¶  
SURSDJDWLRQ  /$
   08/7,23(5$7256,1*/(75$160,77(5
‡ 6RODUF\FOHSUHGLFWLRQV  ++¶   $) '&¶  
$% 3:¶   $6 3:¶  
‡ 6WXQQLQJSKRWRJUDSK\
(8 (,0¶  
‡,RQRVSKHULFIRUHFDVWLQJ (8523( 1$ 93(&¶  
‡ $QDO\VLVRI+)SURSDJDWLRQ  615¶   2& .+;¶  
SUHGLFWLRQVRIWZDUH  (,0¶   6$ +&$¶  
‡ ([SDQVLYHUHIHUHQFHVDQG  700¶  
GDWDVRXUFHV  6-:¶   08/7,23(5$7257:275$160,77(5
 &57¶   $) (%$+¶  
‡ 6FRUHVRIFKDUWVWDEOHVDQGVXPPDU\
 *09¶   $6 83/¶ 
LQIRUPDWLRQ
$% &4;¶   (8 2/$¶  
; 3DSHUEDFN 1$ :3=¶ 
&' 9HUVLRQ 1257+$0(5,&$ 2& 9..:¶  
%X\ERWKIRURQO\  9<=0¶  6$ 3-=¶  
 =)$¶  
Shipping & Handling: USA - $7 for 1st book, $3.50 for 2nd,  7,:¶   08/7,23(5$72508/7,75$160,77(5
$2 for each additional.  .3$¶   $) &1$$¶ 
CN/MX - $15 for 1st, $7 for 2nd, $3.50 for each additional.
All Other Countries - $25 for 1st, $10 for 2nd, $5 for each  93(+¶   $6 3$¶  
additional.  .3$¶   (8 (6&¶  
$% 3$¶   1$ ./5$¶  
Order Today! 2& .+5¶  
&4&RPPXQLFDWLRQV,QF 2&($1,$ 6$ +.1$¶ 
 .+1'¶  
:-RKQ6W+LFNVYLOOH1<  :+=¶   /RZ3RZHU
3KRQH‡)$;  =/$¶  
http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

WB9YBM shares tips (and circuits) for using a radio’s squelch circuit to
control other pieces of station equipment … either locally or remotely.

Using a Radio’s Squelch as a

Station Controller
BY KLAUS SPIES,* WB9YBM

,
QDVRFLHW\WKDW¶VDOZD\VRQWKHPRYH²EHLWDVVLPSOH FHUWDLQDXWRSDWFKIXQFWLRQVHWF,¶YHHYHQKHDUGRIRQHKDP
DVSXWWHULQJLQWKHEDFN\DUGRUDVH[RWLFDVD';SHGLWLRQ ZKR ZDQWHG KLV FRIIHH EUHZHU WR DXWRPDWLFDOO\ WXUQ RQ VR
RU DQ\WKLQJ LQ EHWZHHQ ² WKHUH¶V EHHQ DQ LQFUHDVLQJ
GHPDQGWRKDYHWKHDELOLW\WRXWLOL]HRXUKDPVKDFNVZKLOH
DZD\ IURP KRPH ,Q WKH SUHLQWHUQHW GD\V WKLV ZDV SUHWW\
PXFKOLPLWHGWR'70) FRQWURORIRXUUDGLRV1RZRXUKRPH
FRPSXWHUV QRW RQO\ FDQ FRQWURO RXU VWDWLRQV EXW ZH KDYH
KH¶GKDYHDFXSUHDG\DWWKHVWDUWRIDQHW7KHSRLQWLVWKDW
LI\RXFDQWKLQNRIDQDFFHVVRU\\RXFDQSUREDEO\GULYHLW
IURPWKHUDGLR¶VVTXHOFK
'LYHUVLW\UHFHSWLRQ²FKHFNLQJZKLFKUHFHLYHULVKHDULQJ
WKHVWURQJHVWVLJQDODQGOLVWHQLQJWRWKDWRQHE\KRRNLQJERWK
UHPRWHDFFHVVWRRXUUDGLRVYLDDYDULHW\RILQWHUQHWRSWLRQV LQSXWVRIWKHRSDPSWRWZRGLIIHUHQW6PHWHUV
7UDQVPLWWHUV²VRREYLRXV,¶OOEHW\RXZHUHZRQGHULQJ
An Underutilized Approach ZKHQ,¶GJHWDURXQGWRPHQWLRQLQJLWEXW\HV\RXFDQXVH
$WOHDVWRQHFRQWUROPHWKRGKDVEHHQXQGHUXWLOL]HGLIXVHG RQHUHFHLYHU¶VVTXHOFKVLJQDOWRHQDEOHD377RQDQRWKHU
DWDOODQGLWFRXOGVWDQGDELWPRUHH[SORUDWLRQ$UHFHLYHU¶V
VTXHOFK<HV\RXKHDUGPHULJKW7KHVTXHOFKFLUFXLWLQRXU
UHFHLYHUV6RPXFKHPSKDVLVKDVEHHQSXWRQWKHWUDQVPLW
VLGHRIWKHHTXDWLRQEHWWHURUVWURQJHUVLJQDOVNH\LQJWUDQV
PLWWHUVLQUHPRWHEDVHVRUUHSHDWHUVWRJHWRXUVLJQDOVRXW
UDGLRLQ\RXURZQSHUVRQDOOLQNUHPRWHEDVHRUUHSHDWHU
V\VWHP
«DQGPRUH²OHW\RXULPDJLQDWLRQEH\RXUJXLGHWKHUH
DUHSOHQW\RIDGGLWLRQDOLGHDVRXWWKHUH
IDUWKHUHWFWKDWLW¶VEHHQHDV\WRLJQRUHWKHUHFHLYHKDOIRI How to Make it Happen
RXUWUDQVFHLYHUV/HW¶VWDNHDORRNDWVRPHRIWKHWKLQJVWKDW 1RZWKDWZH¶YHH[SORUHGZKDW WRDFFHVVZLWKDUHFHLYHU¶V
FRXOGEHFRQWUROOHGZLWKDVTXHOFKVLJQDO VTXHOFKOHW¶VH[SORUHKRZ WRPDNHLWKDSSHQ,¶YHH[DPLQHG
([WHUQDO 0XWH FRQWURO ² GLVDEOH VHFRQGDU\ DXGLR VHYHUDOGLIIHUHQWVTXHOFKFLUFXLWGHVLJQVLQYDULHW\RIWUDQV
VRXUFHVFUHDWLQJEDFNJURXQGQRLVHLHORFDOVWHUHRDXGLR FHLYHUVDQGIRXQGWKHWHFKQLTXHVXVHGWRDFFRPSOLVKWKLV
VHFRQGDU\KDPUHFHLYHUVHWF WDVNZHUHYDULHG7KHRQO\FRQVWDQWZDVWKDWWKHUHZHUHVHO
$OHUWV²GULYHIRUH[DPSOHDEOLQNLQJOLJKWLQ\RXUKDP GRPLIHYHUGLJLWDOVLJQDOVDYDLODEOHWKDWFRXOGEHWDSSHGWR
VKDFNZLQGRZWROHW\RXNQRZGXULQJ\DUGZRUNWKDWWKHUH¶V WXUQVRPHWKLQJ³RQ´RU³RII´,QVWHDGRQHVWDWH²OHW¶VVD\
WUDIILFRQ\RXUIDYRULWHUHSHDWHU ³VTXHOFKRSHQ´²ZRXOGKDYHDORZYROWDJHYROWVDQG
(QDEOLQJDFFHVVRULHV²IRUH[DPSOHDUHFRUGHUWKDWZLOO ³VTXHOFKFORVHG´KDGDKLJKHUYROWDJHYROWV7KLVFRXOG
FDSWXUHUDGLRWUDIILFZKLOHWKHRSHUDWRU¶VDZD\IURPWKHVKDFN EHUHYHUVHGVTXHOFKRSHQFRXOGKDYHWKHKLJKHUYROWDJH
DQGWKHYROWDJHOHYHOVYDULHGGHSHQGLQJRQWKHSUHIHUHQFHV
RIWKHHQJLQHHUZKRGHVLJQHGWKHUDGLRDQGRUWKHFRPSR

HPDLOZE\EP#\DKRRFRP! QHQWVDYDLODEOH&DUHIXOFKHFNLQJRI\RXUUDGLR¶VVFKHPDWLF

)LJXUH  ,Q WKLV FRQILJXUDWLRQ LI WKH VTXHOFK VLJQDO JRHV )LJXUH  ,Q WKLV FRQILJXUDWLRQ LI WKH VTXHOFK VLJQDO JRHV
DERYHWKHYROWDJHUHIHUHQFHVHWE\3WKHRSDPSZLOO EHORZWKHYROWDJHUHIHUHQFHVHWE\3WKHRSDPSZLOO
VZLWFK VZLWFK

1RWHV,QERWK)LJXUHDQG)LJXUHWKHRSDPSZLOOQRWVZLWFKWR]HURYROWV7KXVD6FKPLGWWULJJHUWKHLVQHHG

HGRQWKHLURXWSXWV6LQFHWKH6FKPLGWWULJJHULVLQWKHIRUPRIDQLQYHUWHUWKHVHFRQGRQHLQWKHFLUFXLWLVXVHGDVDQLQYHUW
HURQO\WRSURYLGHSRVLWLYHORJLF3LQVDQGRQWKHVDUHXQXVHGDQGVKRXOGJRWRJURXQG

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 9 6TXHOFKRXW
$
9

9
4

}
%
9 /HDGLQJHGJH
9 WULJJHU
& 4
9

9

}
' 4 )LJXUH/HDGLQJHGJHWULJJHU
9 /DJJLQJHGJH
WULJJHU
UHWULJJHUDEOH
9
( 4
9

)LJXUH7ULJJHULQJWLPLQJFKDUWIRUVTXHOFKFLUFXLW,2LQSXWRXWSXW6HHWH[W

IRUGHWDLOV

DQG XVLQJ D VXLWDEOH YROWPHWHU DV WKH LQJJDLQZH¶UHJRLQJWRXVHLWDVDTXDVL

VTXHOFKLVDGMXVWHGZLOOSURYLGHWKHYROW GLJLWDOFLUFXLW,¶OOH[SODLQWKH³TXDVL´SDUW
DJHUHDGLQJVZHQHHG,¶YHIRXQGWKDW
WXUQLQJWKHVTXHOFKVHQVLWLYLW\NQRERQ
WKHIURQWRIDUDGLRKDVWKHVDPHHIIHFW
DVDVLJQDOEHLQJUHFHLYHGE\WKHUHFHLY
HU LI \RX¶UH DW WKH FRUUHFW SRLQW LQ WKH
VKRUWO\ /HDYLQJ RXW WKH IHHGEDFN
UHVLVWRUZHKDYHDYHU\KLJKRSHQORRS
JDLQVRWKDWZKHQZHDSSO\DYHU\VPDOO
VLJQDOWKHRSDPSRXWSXWZLOOJRYHU\
FORVHWR9RULQWKHFDVHRIDQLQYHUW )LJXUH/DJJLQJHGJHWULJJHU
VTXHOFKFLUFXLWU\ LQJ DPSOLILHU FRQILJXUDWLRQ YHU\ ORZ UHWULJJHUDEOH
$W WKLV SRLQW DOO ZH QHHG LV WR WXUQ RXWSXWYROWDJHYHU\PXFKOLNHDQHOHF
WKHVH YROWDJHV LQWR VRPHWKLQJ PRUH WURQLFVZLWFK7KHRXWSXWVLJQDOLVHLWKHU
GHILQLWLYHVXFKDVDGLJLWDOVLJQDO9RU WKHUHRULW¶VQRW
9LQVWHDGRIVRPHLQEHWZHHQVWDWH 6LQFHWKHLVDQDQDORJQRW GLJL
WKDWZHFDQXVHGRZQVWUHDPWRFRQWURO WDO GHYLFH LW ZRQ¶W VZLWFK WR 9 DV D
ZKDWHYHULWLVWKDWZHZDQWWRWXUQRQRU PLQLPXP²RQP\H[SHULPHQWVLWZHQW
RII (QWHU WKH  RSDPS ,QVWHDG RI DV ORZ DV  YROWV ZKLFK PD\ YDU\
XVLQJLWDVDQDQDORJDPSOLILHURIYDU\ GHSHQGLQJRQHDFKRSDPSDOWKRXJK

2015, 2016, 2017 & 2018 )LJXUH/HDGLQJHGJHWULJJHU

Buy a QRQUHWULJJHUDEOH
%DFNLVVXHVRI for $1 ll 4
1
&4$PDWHXU5DGLR and S 2.00
AVE!
DUHQRZDYDLODEOH
RQGLVNLQ
3')IRUPDW

Four years of CQ Amateur Radio magazine— 2015,

2016, 2017 and 2018—are now available in easy-to-
access PDF format for you to read and refer to again
and again!
Buy a single year for only ...............$35.95
Two years for ....................................$65.00
Three years for ................................$92.00 )LJXUH/DJJLQJHGJHWULJJHU
QRQUHWULJJHUDEOH
All 4 Years for only $112.00!
S&H-USA $3; CN/MX $5; All Other Countries $10 1RWH IRU )LJXUHV  (DFK  ,&
SDFNDJH FRQWDLQV WZR PRQRVWDEOH
CQ Communications RVFLOODWRUV ³$´ DQG ³%´ ,Q DOO FDVHV
:-RKQ6WUHHW+LFNVYLOOH 1< DQGVLWXDWLRQV9SRZHULVRQSLQ
3KRQH‡)$; DQGSRZHUJURXQGLVRQSLQ
KWWSVWRUHFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH


WHAT IS THE BUDDIPOLE?
THE BUDDIPOLE™ PORTABLE DIPOLE FITS
IN YOUR TRAVEL BAG AND ASSEMBLES IN
MINUTES. THE BUDDIPOLE IS MORE THAN
AN ANTENNA, IT’S A VERSATILE SYSTEM
FOR LAUNCHING YOUR SIGNAL. OPTIMIZED
FOR TRANSMIT POWER AND PROVEN
FOR DX WORK, THE BUDDIPOLE IS THE
SECRET WEAPON USED BY HF PORTABLE
OPERATORS ALL OVER THE WORLD.
See our videos
www.youtube.com/buddipole info@buddipole.com
DUHQ¶WJRLQJWRFRRSHUDWHE\IDOOLQJLQWR
WKDWUDQJHRIYROWDJHVZLWKLQZKLFKWKH
Secure online ordering at:
www.buddipole.com
BUDDIPOLE FEATURES
• Multi-band design works 9 bands
(40 meters thru 2 meters) with one set
of adjustable coils!
• Rated from QRP to 250 watts PEP
• Modular Design – create dozens of
different antennas with interchangeable
parts
• Rotatable/Directional
• Lightweight, rugged components
• Rotating Arm Kit allows users to
instantly change antenna configurations
• Used by Emergency Services Groups
throughout the world
MINI BUDDIPOLE ™
Same quality and performance as the
standard Buddipole in a more compact
package which easily fits inside a
daypack or small suitcase.
tel: (503) 591 8001
fax: (503) 214 6802
(QWHUWKH,&)LJXUH VKRZVWKH
UHODWLRQVKLS EHWZHHQ RXWSXWV FUHDWHG
6FKPLWWWULJJHUZLOOGRLWVWULJJHULQJ7KH E\MXVWWKHVTXHOFKOLQH³$´WKHOHDG
SURYLGHVWKHIOH[LELOLW\RIEHLQJDEOH LQJHGJHWULJJHUOLQH³%´WKHLQYHUWHG
WREHVHWDW\RXUGHVLUHGYROWDJHOHYHOV OHDGLQJHGJHRXWSXWOLQH³&´DQGWKH
7KLVEULQJVXVWRWKHQH[WSRLQW:KHUH VDPHIRUODJJLQJHGJHWULJJHUOLQHV³'´
WRVHWWKHWULJJHUYROWDJH3LQ)LJXUHV DQG³(´)LJXUHV VKRZWKHGLIIHUHQW
 DQG,UHFRPPHQGWKHKDOIZD\SRLQW PHWKRGVRIWULJJHULQJWKH,&WRSUR
EHWZHHQWKHPHDVXUHGYROWDJHVRIWKH YLGH WKH VLJQDOV VKRZQ LQ )LJXUH 
VTXHOFK FLUFXLW )RU H[DPSOH LI WKH DORQJZLWKKRZWRZLUHXQXVHGVHFWLRQV
VTXHOFK WXUQV RQRII EHWZHHQ  DQG  RIWKDWPRQRVWDEOHRVFLOODWRU)LJXUH
)LJXUH&RQQHFWLRQVRIXQXVHGJDWHV YROWVVHW3DWYROWV7KDWZD\LIHLWKHU :H QRZ KDYH ILYH GLIIHUHQW RSWLRQV
RQDOOFRQILJXUDWLRQV)LJXUHV YROWDJH VKRXOG IOXFWXDWH GXH WR WKH DYDLODEOH WR RSHUDWH DOPRVW OLPLWOHVV
UDGLRJHWWLQJZDUPSRZHUVXSSO\IOXF RSWLRQV RI IXQFWLRQV WKDW FDQ EH FRQ
WXDWLRQVHWF\RX¶OOEHULJKWLQWKHPLG WUROOHGE\DUHFHLYHU¶VVTXHOFKFLUFXLW
LWJHWVSUHWW\FORVHWR9ZKHQLWVZLWFK GOHRID³VDIH]RQH´DQGWKHFLUFXLWZH¶UH $ IHZ PLQRU SRLQWV VKRXOG EH RE
HV7KLVPHDQVZHQHHGDGLJLWDO,&WR DGGLQJZRQ¶WWRJJOH VHUYHG GXULQJ RSHUDWLRQ VXFK DV
³FOHDQXS´WKHVLJQDO,FKRVHWKH 7KHUHLVRQHILQDOWKLQJWKDWQHHGVWR HQFORVLQJ HYHU\WKLQJ LQ D VKLHOGHG
6FKPLWW WULJJHU 0RWRUROD SDUW QXPEHU EHFRQVLGHUHG'RHVWKHVTXHOFKRSHQ JURXQGHGER[DQGWKHXVHRIVKLHOGHG
0&% &' IRU VRPH RWKHU RUFORVHZKHQWKHFRQWUROYROWDJHZH¶YH FDEOLQJ ZLWK WKH FDEOHV¶ VKLHOGV DOVR
PDQXIDFWXUHUVVXFKDVWKRVHVRXUFHGE\ IRXQGJRHVXSRUGRZQ"7KLVZLOOGHWHU JURXQGHGVRWKDWZHFDQPDNHVXUHZH
-DPHFRRU'LJL.H\6LQFHWKHLV PLQHZKHWKHUZHXVHWKHFLUFXLWLQ)LJXUH GRQ¶WLQWURGXFHVWUD\5)IORDWLQJDURXQG
DOVRDQLQYHUWHU,XVHGWZRJDWHVWKHUH  RU)LJXUH%RWKFLUFXLWVRSHUDWHLGHQ WKH KDPVKDFN LQWR D VTXHOFK FLUFXLW
DUHVL[SHUSDFNDJHLQVHULHVLQRUGHUWR WLFDOO\H[FHSWWKDWRQHVZLWFKHVRQYROW 7KLVFRXOGGHSHQGLQJXSRQWKHFLUFXLWV¶
PDLQWDLQSRVLWLYHORJLFLQP\GHVLJQV
$WWKLVSRLQW\RXPD\DVNZK\,GRQ¶W
XVH D 6FKPLWW WULJJHU RQO\ DQG IRUJHW
HYHU\WKLQJHOVH6LPSOH$6FKPLWWWULJ
JHU,&KDVDIL[HGSUHVHWYROWDJHZLQ
GRZ ZKHUHLQ LW ZLOO VZLWFK 7KDW¶V LW
\RX¶UHVWXFNZLWKLW8QIRUWXQDWHO\WKHUH
DUH FLUFXPVWDQFHV ² VXFK DV VTXHOFK
FLUFXLWV²LQZKLFKWKHDYDLODEOHYROWDJHV
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
DJHVDERYH WKHVHWUHIHUHQFHSRLQWVHW
E\3DQGWKHRWKHUEHORZ WKHVHWSRLQW
1RZZHKDYHDEDVLFGLJLWDOVLJQDO²
DVLPSOH³RQ´RU³RII´WHOOLQJXVZKHQWKH
VTXHOFK RSHQV 7KLV ZLOO EH JRRG
HQRXJK IRU D FHUWDLQ SHUFHQWDJH RI
WKLQJVWKDWZHZDQWWRGR³GRZQVWUHDP´
DOWKRXJK RWKHU RSWLRQV ZLOO UHTXLUH D
SXOVH LQVWHDG RI VWHDG\VWDWH VLJQDO
GHVLJQ OHDG WR XQSOHDVDQW UHVXOWV
2XWSXWVRIWKH6FKPLWWWULJJHUPD\QHHG
WREHEXIIHUHGWKURXJKDWUDQVLVWRULIGUL
YLQJVRPHWKLQJUHTXLULQJPRUHFXUUHQW
WKDQDQ,&FDQSURYLGH
1RWHV
'70) 'XDO7RQH0XOWL)UHTXHQF\EHW
WHU NQRZQ E\ 0D %HOO¶V WUDGHPDUNHG QDPH
7RXFKWRQHŠ
6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 
 CQ CLASSIC
$VRXUWK DQQLYHUVDU\DSSURDFKHVQH[W\HDUZH¶YHEHHQ
GRLQJTXLWHDELWRIORRNLQJEDFNRYHUWKHSDVWWKUHHTXDUWHUV
RI D FHQWXU\ ZRUWK RI &4 PDJD]LQH 2QH RI WKH PRVW
FRQVLVWHQWWKLQJVZH¶YHQRWLFHGLVWKHH[WHQWWRZKLFK²
IURP WKH YHU\ ILUVW LVVXH ² &4 KDV EHHQ DW WKH IRUHIURQW RI WHFKQLFDO DQG RSHUDWLQJ
GHYHORSPHQWVLQDPDWHXUUDGLR2YHUWKHFRPLQJPRQWKVZH¶UHJRLQJWRVKDUHZLWK\RX
VRPHRIWKHDUWLFOHVWKDWKDYHMXPSHGRXWDWXVIURPRXUSHUVSHFWLYHIDULQWKHIXWXUHDV
EHLQJSDUWLFXODUO\QRWHZRUWK\
:H¶UHJRLQJWRVWDUWDWWKHYHU\EHJLQQLQJZLWKWKLVDUWLFOHRQPLFURZDYHVIURP9ROXPH
,VVXH-DQXDU\)RUPRVWKDPVRIWKHWLPHDQ\WKLQJDERYH0+]ZDV
FRQVLGHUHGSUHWW\H[RWLF,WLVLPSRUWDQWWRUHDOL]HWKDWODWHLQZKHQWKLVDUWLFOHZDV
ZULWWHQ:RUOG:DU,,ZDVVWLOOUDJLQJDQGKDPUDGLRZDVVWLOOVKXWGRZQ7KHUHKDGEHHQ
YHU\OLWWOHSUHZDUPLFURZDYHDFWLYLW\DQGPXFKRIZKDWZDVGHYHORSHGGXULQJWKHZDU
ZDVVWLOOFODVVLILHG1RQHWKHOHVVWKHDXWKRUZDVVSRWRQLQWHUPVRIGLVKDQWHQQDVZDYHJXLGH
XVLQJSOXPELQJ.O\VWURQWXEHVDQGPRUH+HHYHQSUHGLFWHGZRUNLQJPRRQERXQFHYLDPLFURZDYHV
:HWKLQNWKHRQO\WKLQJWKDWZRXOGVXUSULVHWKHDXWKRUWRGD\LVWKDWPRVWKDPVVWLOOFRQVLGHUPLFURZDYHFRPPXQLFDWLRQ
WREHSUHWW\H[RWLF± :98

0*%(//

7 +(5(LVQRSRLQWLQPDNLQJZKHWKHURUQRWWKHUDGLR
DPDWHXUZLOOZRUNLQWKHQHZSDUWRIWKHVSHFWUXPZKHUH
ZDYHOHQJWKVDUHRQO\DIHZFHQWLPHWHUVORQJDQGZKLFK
KDV EHFRPH JHQHUDOO\ NQRZQ DVWKH PLFURZDYH EDQG +H
UHTXLUHVRQO\WZRWKLQJVWRWU\RQO\DOPRVWDQ\WKLQJSHU
WDLQLQJWRUDGLRWKHDYDLODELOLW\RIDIHZSDUWVDQGDYLVWDRI
LQWHUHVWLQJSRVVLELOWLHV+HZLOOVXUHO\JHWWKHSDUWVRQFHWKH
GHPDQGV RI WKH DUPHG IRUFHV UHDOO\ GURS RII EHFDXVH WKH
ZKROHHOHFWURQLFLQGXVWU\KDVH[SDQGHGWRWKHSRLQWWRZKLFK
LWFDQDQGZLOOVXSSO\HYHQUDWKHUFRPSOLFDWHGLWHPVDWD
UHDVRQDEOHFRVW7KHLQWHUHVWLVDOVRVXUHO\WKHUHEHFDXVHRI
WKHPDQ\WKLQJVWKDWDUHSRVVLEOHZLWKWKHVHPLQLDWXUHZDYHV
7KHDPDWHXUZLOOIRUH[DPSOHILQGWKDWDWPLFURZDYHIUH
TXHQFLHVKHFDQKDYH4¶VRIRUPRUHLQVWHDGRI
RUDDQGWKDWKHFDQUHDOO\NQRZZKHUHKLVUDGLDWHG
HQHUJ\LVJRLQJLQVWHDGRIMXVWVHQGLQJLWXSWRWKHDQWHQQD
DQGWKHQZRQGHULQJ
7KLVPDWWHURIFRQWURORYHUUDGLDQWHQHUJ\LVUHDOO\WKH
KHDUWRIWKHZKROHPLFURZDYHEXVLQHVV5DGLRZDYHVRIDQ\
NLQG DUH GHILQLWHO\ D WKUHHGLPHQVLRQDO SURSRVLWLRQ $W
EURDGFDVW IUHTXHQFLHV D YHUWLFDO KDOIZDYH DQWHQQD LV D
GLUHFWLRQDOGHYLFHRIVRUWLQDVPXFKDVLWWUDQVPLWVPRVWRI
WKH HQHUJ\ RXW KRUL]RQWDOO\ EXW LW GRHV QRW GR D YHU\
WKRURXJK MRE DQG DV HYHU\RQH NQRZV WKH FRYHUDJH RI D
JLYHQVWDWLRQLVDIIHFWHGE\DOOVRUWVRIPHWHRURORJLFDOFRQ
GLWLRQVDOOWKHZD\IURPWKHQLJKWDQGGD\HIIHFWWRWKHFRQ
GLWLRQVRIWKHVRLOQHDUWKHWUDQVPLWWLQJDQWHQQD,IWKHJURXQG
LVZHWRUFRYHUHGZLWKVQRZWKHHQHUJ\VWULNLQJLWLVUHIOHFW )LJ7\SLFDOVKDSHVRIZDYHJXLGHSOXPELQJ

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

HGTXLWHGLIIHUHQWO\DQGWKHRYHUDOOSDWWHUQRIWKHWUDQVPLW
WLQJDQWHQQDLVUDGLFDOO\FKDQJHG$VLQJOHFRQGXFWRUDKDOI
ZDYHOHQJWKORQJRUHYHQDFRPELQDWLRQRIVXFKFRQGXFWRUV
DVWKH\DUHXVHGLQDUUDQJHPHQWVVXFKDVWKHUKRPELFW\SH
RIDQWHQQDLVVLPSO\QRWHQRXJKWRJLYHWKHFRQWURORYHU
UDGLDQWHQHUJ\WKDWZHZRXOGOLNH:LWKWKHYHU\VKRUWZDYHV
RIPLFURZDYHUDGLRKRZHYHUDQWHQQDVFDQEHEXLOWIRUWKH
URRIRIDQ\KRXVHDQGPDGHVHYHUDORUPDQ\ZDYHOHQJWKV
ELJQRWLQMXVWRQHGLPHQVLRQEXWLQWZRRUWKUHH7KHVH
VDPHDQWHQQDVFKHPHVLIXVHGZLWKPRUHRUGLQDU\UDGLR
ZRXOGEHPRQVWURXVGHYLFHVLQGHHG%HFDXVHPLFURZDYHV
DUHWKLQJVWKHVL]HRIVPDOOODERUDWRU\REMHFWVWKH\FDQEH
SHQQHGLQDQGPDGHWRJRZKHUHWKH\DUHZDQWHG$KXQ
GUHGPHWHUUDGLDQWZDYHRQWKHRWKHUKDQGFDQ¶WHYHQEH
JRWWHQLQWRWKHZRUNVKRSWRVD\QRWKLQJRIKDQGOLQJLW
%HFDXVHPLFURZDYHVFDQEHFDJHGDQGKDQGOHGLQFRQ
WDLQHUVRIUHDVRQDEOHVL]HWKHUHLVPXFKWREHOHDUQHGDERXW
KRZWKHDFWXDOZDYHVZRUNDQGZKDWWKHLUSURSHUWLHVDUHLQ
VSDFH(YHQLIWKH³KDP´QHYHUUHDOO\JHWVRQWKHDLUKHPD\
ZDQWWRXVHWKHVHPLGJHWZDYHVWRVHWXSGLSROHDQWHQQDV
DQGWKHOLNHLQRUGHUWRPDNHSDWWHUQPHDVXUHPHQWV,WKDV
EHHQIRXQGIRUH[DPSOHWKDWKROORZSLSHPD\EHXVHGWR
FDUU\WKHUDGLRZDYHVDURXQGWKHODERUDWRU\7KHDWWHQXD
WLRQLQZDYHJXLGHVDVWKLVKROORZSLSHLVIUHTXHQWO\FDOOHG
PD\EHH[FHSWLRQDOO\ORZ7KHVL]HRIWKHSLSHPXVWEHDUD
GHILQLWHUHODWLRQWRWKHZDYHOHQJWKEXWWKDWUHODWLRQLVQRW
FULWLFDO7KHZDYHJXLGHPXVWLQJHQHUDOEHODUJHHQRXJKRU
VHYHUHDWWHQXDWLRQLVH[SHULHQFHGEXWLWPD\EHDQ\DPRXQW
ODUJHU ZLWKRXW YHU\ EDG UHVXOWV H[FHSW WKDW D FRQGLWLRQ
DQDORJRXVWRWXUEXOHQFHLVILQDOO\HQFRXQWHUHGDQGWKHHIIL
FLHQF\RIWKHZDYHJXLGHJRHVGRZQEHFDXVHZDYHVJHWWR
WUDYHOLQJDURXQGLQVLGHLQMXVWHYHU\ZKLFKZD\
6RDIWHUWKHZDUZKHQ\RXEXLOGDPLFURZDYHULJ\RX
PD\EHGHDOLQJZLWKWKHKDUGZDUHPDQDELWDQGEX\LQJFRS
SHUSLSHRQHWZRRUWKUHHLQFKHVLQGLDPHWHU<RX¶OOGR
VRPHRIWKDWMXVWIRUWKHIXQRILWEHFDXVH\RXEHOLHYH\RX
FDQIL[XSDFRUQHUWKDWZLOOFDUU\WKHHQHUJ\DURXQGLQVWHDG
RIUHIOHFWLQJSDUWRILWWKDWLVDOLWWOHEHWWHUWKDQWKHVWXIIWKH\
WU\WRVHOO$OVRKRZHYHU\RXVKRXOGEHDEOHWREX\DOOVRUWV
RI SUHIDEULFDWHG SLHFHV RI SLSH DQG SXW LW WRJHWKHU ZLWK
VFUHZVWRVXLW\RXUVHOI7KHVDPHSLSHFDQZLWKRXWGRXEWEH
EURDGEDQGHGHQRXJKWRFRYHUDQ\DPDWHXUEDQGWKDWLVVHW
XS)LUVWRIFRXUVHWKHEDQGGRHVKDYHWREHVHWDQGDIHZ
PDQXIDFWXUHUVKDYHWRJHWDOOWKHVHQLFHSDUWVUHDG\IRUWKDW
EDQGVRLWZLOOEHDIHZGD\V\HWDWWKHOHDVW
7KH YDFXXP WXEHV WKDW JHQHUDWH WKHVH PLFURZDYHV DUH
DOPRVWDVPXFKPHFKDQLFDODIIDLUVDVHOHFWULFWRR:KHQ
\RXZRUNZLWKZDYHVVPDOOHQRXJKWRNHHSSHUFKHGRQWKH
ZRUNEHQFK\RXKDYHWRKDYHKRXVHVIRUWKHP7KH\DUHQRW
FRQWUROOHG ZLWK RUGLQDU\ WDQN FLUFXLWV VWUXQJ RXW RQ WKH
EHQFKLQVWHDGWKHWDQNFLUFXLWKDVWREHULJKWLQWKHWUDQV
PLWWLQJWXEHDQGDZKROHZDYHLVLQWKHUHWRR<RXZLOOSURE
DEO\WXQHE\PHFKDQLFDOO\FKDQJLQJWKHWXEH,W¶VDOOJRLQJ
WREHDPHFKDQLFDOMREDVPXFKRUPRUHVRWKDQZDVWHOHYL
VLRQLQWKHGD\VRIWKHVSLQQLQJVSLUDOFDUGEXWWKHUHVXOWV
ZLOOEHEHWWHUDQGWKHSRVVLELOLWLHVPXFKPXFKJUHDWHU
%HIRUHJRLQJDELWIXUWKHUZLWKZKDWLVVRIDUTXLWHDEXLOG
XSIRUPLFURZDYHUDGLRZHKDGEHWWHUORRNDWWKHRWKHUVLGH
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
)LJ&URVVVHFWLRQDOYLHZVRIPLFURZDYHFRD[DQGUDGLDWRU
RIWKHSLFWXUH7ZRWKLQJVFRPHWRPLQGZKLFKPLJKWEH
FRQVLGHUHGDVGLVFRXUDJLQJ2QHRIWKHVHKDVWRGRZLWKWKH
UHODWLYH FRPSOH[LW\ RI PLFURZDYH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQG WKH
FRQWURO RI LWV IUHTXHQF\ WKH SULQFLSOHV LQYROYHG LQ WKH
FRQVWUXFWLRQRIWKHFRPSRQHQWVDUHPDQ\DQGPRVWO\XQ
IDPLOLDU $OO WKLV , GLVFRXQW FRQVLGHUDEO\ EHFDXVH RI P\
FRQILGHQFHLQWKHLQJHQXLW\RIWKHDYHUDJH³KDP´7KHRWKHU
IDFWKRZHYHUPD\VSRLOWKHILHOGIRURQHFRPSOHWHO\,WLV
DOOWLHGXSZLWKWKHOLWWOHSKUDVH³PLFURZDYHVIROORZOLQH
RIVLJKWWUDQVPLVVLRQSDWKV´7KLVVHHPVWRVD\WKDWXQOHVV
\RXFDQGUXPDFRQWDFWZLWKWKHPDQLQWKHPRRQRUD0DUWLDQ
KDP\RXUFKDQFHVIRU';DUHSUHWW\QLO7KHIDFWLVWKDW
WKHUHLVYHU\VWURQJHYLGHQFHWKDWWKHVHYHU\KLJKIUHTXHQ
F\ZDYHVFDQJRRQO\ZKHUHOLJKWFDQJRDOWKRXJKWKH\FDQ
RIFRXUVHWUDYHOLQIRJJ\DQGVWRUP\ZHDWKHUDVZHOODVLQ
FOHDU7KLVGRHVQ¶WTXLWHPHDQWKDW\RXFDQRQO\WUDQVPLWDV
IDUDV\RXFDQVHHEHFDXVHWKHUHLVVRPHWHQGHQF\IRUWKH
ZDYHVWREHQGZLWKWKHHDUWK¶VVXUIDFHVR\RXPD\JHWRXW
DPLOHVDQGDORWPRUHLI\RXOLYHRQWKHVLGHRUWRSRI
D PRXQWDLQ 1R WUDFH RI D WUXH VN\ ZDYH KDV HYHU EHHQ
REVHUYHGDQGWKHUHLVWKHRUHWLFDOUHDVRQWREHOLHYHWKDWWKH
LRQRVSKHUHGRHVQ¶WGRPXFKRIDQ\WKLQJWRPLFURZDYHVEXW
OHWWKHPJRULJKWRQWKURXJK7KXVLWVHHPVOLNHO\WKDWRXU
VLJQDOVGRUHDFKWKHPRRQDOWKRXJKFDOFXODWLRQVVKRZWKHP
WREHPLJKW\ZHDNXSRQWKHLUDUULYDO,QRUGHUIRUWKHPWR
UHDFKWKHPRRQLQHQRXJKVWUHQJWKWREHUHIOHFWHGDQGWKHQ
GHWHFWHGRQWKHLUUHWXUQWRHDUWKDQDQWHQQDRIJUHDWVL]HDQG
D WUDQVPLWWHU RI FRQVLGHUDEOH SRZHU LV UHTXLUHG HYHQ D
PLFURZDYHV
Privacy
$PXFKEHWWHUZD\WRZRUNXSHQWKXVLDVPIRUDQDPDWHXU
EDQGDWPLFURZDYHVLVWRUHDOL]HVRPHRIWKHDGYDQWDJHVRI
OLQHRIVLJKWWUDQVPLVVLRQ<RXUPLFURZDYHFRQVHUYDWLRQV
ZLOOKDYHDOPRVWWKHSULYDF\RIDWHOHSKRQHQRWMXVWEHFDXVH
6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

)LJ  $ W\SLFDO PLFURZDYH UDGLDWRU V\VWHP 7KH KHPLVSKHUH
DQGSDUDEROLFUHIOHFWRUVPDNHLWKLJKO\GLUHFWLRQDODQGHIILFLHQW
\RXU VLJQDO FDQ¶W WUDYHO KDOIZD\ DURXQG WKH ZRUOG EXW
EHFDXVH\RXVHQG\RXUVLJQDORYHUWRZDUGV-RH¶VKRXVHDQG
QR ZKHUH HOVH 2QO\ -RH DQG WKH SHRSOH OLYLQJ RQ D OLQH
EHWZHQ \RXU VWDWLRQV FDQ ILQG \RXU FDUULHU DW DOO %\ WKLV
WRNHQ\RXZRQ¶WKDYHWRZRUU\DERXWWKHUHEHLQJWRRPDQ\
VWDWLRQVRQWKHEDQG,QIDFW\RXDQGDOO\RXUIULHQGVPD\
DJUHHWRXVHMXVWRQHIUHTXHQF\7KHQLI\RXDOOXVHSHQFLO
EHDPWUDQVPLWWLQJDQWHQQDVDQGQRQGLUHFWLRQDOUHFHLYHUV
FDOOLQJDVWDWLRQPD\EHRQO\DPDWWHURISRLQWLQJDWLWDQG
EHJLQQLQJWRWDON%HFDXVH\RXUDQWHQQDKDVDOPRVWFRP
SOHWHFRQWURORIWKHUDGLDWHGHQHUJ\DQGGRHVQ¶WDOORZDQ\
WREHZDVWHGE\UHIOHFWLRQIURPWKHJURXQGDQGEHFDXVHDOO
HYLGHQFHWRGDWHLQGLFDWHVWKDWPLFURZDYHVDUHFRPSOHWHO\
IUHHIURPERWKPDQPDGHDQGQDWXUDOVWDWLF\RXZLOONQRZ
WKDW-RHLVUHFHLYLQJ\RXZLWKWKHVDPHVLJQDOVWUHQJWKDV
\HVWHUGD\SURYLGHGKHKDVOHIWKLVUHFHLYHUDORQH$JDLQWR
NHHSIURPSDLQWLQJWRRURV\DSLFWXUHKRZHYHULWVKRXOGEH
PHQWLRQHGWKDWYLROHQWWHPSHUDWXUHJUDGLHQWVLQWKHDWPRV
SKHUHPD\EHQGWKHEHDPEXWLWLVQRWEHOLHYHGWKDWWKLVZLOO
KDSSHQRIWHQ
0DQ\ TXHVWLRQV PD\ OHJLWLPDWHO\ EH LQLWLDOO\ DVNHG E\
DQ\RQHZKRLVWKLQNLQJRIWDNLQJXSPLFURZDYHVDVDKREE\
RUDVDVLGHOLQHWRKLVDPDWHXU¶VVWDWLRQDWPRUHFRPPRQ
ZDYHOHQJWKV7KHVHLQFOXGHTXHULHVDVWRZKDWVRUWRIWXEH
FDQSURGXFHVXFKIUHTXHQFLHVKRZWKHIUHTXHQFLHVFDQEH
FRQWUROOHGZKDWVRUWRIPRGXODWLRQLVXVHGZKDWWKHUHFHLY
HULVOLNHDQGZKDWVRUWRIWHVWHTXLSPHQWLVQHHGHG7KHVH
DUHGLIILFXOWWRDQVZHULQDIHZZRUGVDQGVRPHRIWKHIDFWV
DUHFRYHUHGXSE\PLOLWDU\VHFUHF\EXWWKDWZKLFKIROORZV
ZLOOJLYHVRPHLQGLFDWLRQ
Special Tubes
7KHWUDQVPLWWLQJWXEHVWKDWDUHQRZDWOHDVWSDUWLDOO\IUHH
IURPVHFUHF\RUGHUVDQGZKLFKFDQEHPDGHWRSHUIRUPDW
IUHTXHQFLHV ZKLFK DUH QHDU RU HTXDO WR WKRVH RI WKH
PLFURZDYHVEDQGLQFOXGHVWKH*HQHUDO(OHFWULF/LJKWKRXVH
 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH
WXEHWKH6SHUU\.O\VWURQDQGFHUWDLQW\SHVRIVSOLWDQRGH
PDJQHWURQV$OOKDYHVRPHWKLQJVLQFRPPRQDQGWKHUHDUH
WKHGLVWLQJXLVKLQJIHDWXUHVWKDWPDNHVXFKKLJKIUHTXHQFLHV
SRVVLEOH7KHFUX[RIWKHVLWXDWLRQOLHVLQWKHIDFWWKDWLWLV
LPSRVVLEOHWRPDNHRUGLQDU\WDQNFRLOVRILQGXFWDQFHDQG
FDSDFLWDQFHZKLFKZLOOWXQHWRIUHTXHQFLHVRIWKRXVDQGVRI
PHJDF\FOHVEHFDXVHGLVWULEXWHGFDSDFLW\LQWKHYDFXXPWXEH
HOHPHQWVRIDOORUGLQDU\WXEHVDPRXQWVWRPRUHWKDQWKHWRWDO
QHHGHGIRUWKHWDQN$QDSSDUHQWVWHSWRZDUGDVROXWLRQPD\
EHPDGHE\UHGHVLJQLQJWKHWXEHVLQVXFKDZD\DVWRUHGXFH
WKLVFDSDFLW\7KLVVFKHPHKDVEHHQFDUULHGWRLWVORJLFDOOLPLW
LQWXEHVVXFKDVWKH5&$DFRUQW\SHDQGWKH:HVWHUQ(OHFWULF
³GRRUNQRE´VHULHVEXWGRHVQRWJHWYHU\IDUIRUWKHVLPSOH
UHDVRQWKDWDVWKHWXEHHOHPHQWVDUHPDGHVPDOOHUDQGVPDOO
HUWRUHGXFHWKHLUFDSDFLW\WKHLUDELOLW\WRDEVRUESRZHUDOVR
EHFRPHVVPDOOHUVRWKDWDOOWRRVRRQWKHSRLQWLVUHDFKHG
ZKHUHWKHUHPD\EHDKLJKIUHTXHQF\EXWLIWKHUHLVWKHUHLV
SUDFWLFDOO\QRQHRILW
Resonant Cavities
7KHVROXWLRQRIWKLVGLOHPPDOLHVLQWKHXVHRIUHVRQDQW
FDYLWLHV WR WDNH WKH SODFH RI FRLOV DQG FRQGHQVHUV 7KHLU
DFWLRQ PD\ EH LQWHUSUHWHG LQ VHYHUDO ZD\V 7R NHHS IURP
WKLQNLQJRIDQ\WKLQJQHZZHPD\HYHQSXVKWKHGLIILFXOWLHV
MXVWGHVFULEHGEDFNLQWRRQHFRUQHURIRXUPLQGDQGSUHWHQG
WKDWWKHFDYLWLHVDUHRQO\WDQNFRLOVDQGFDSDFLWLHVDIWHUDOO
:HPD\GHILQH4¶VVKXQWUHVLVWDQFHDQGHYHQLQGXFWDQFH
DQGFDSDFLWDQFHIRUWKHFDYLWLHVLIZHZLVK
2QWKHRWKHUKDQGKRZHYHULWLVDWOHDVWPRUHLQWHUHVWLQJ
WRMXPSLQWRWKHPLGGOHRIWKHWKLQJDQGORRNDWUHVRQDQW
FDYLWLHVIRUZKDWWKH\DUH²KROORZPHWDOER[HVZKLFKFRQ
WDLQ D PLFURZDYH MXVW DV WKH VSDFH DORQJVLGH D EURDGFDVW
DQWHQQDFRQWDLQVDORQJHUUDGLRZDYH7KHHOHFWURQEHDPLQ
WKHWUDQVPLWWLQJWXEHDFWXDOO\UDGLDWHVPLFURZDYHVPXFKDV
GRHV WKH FKDUJH PRYLQJ XS DQG GRZQ DQ DQWHQQD 7KHVH
PLFURZDYHVWKHQPRYHEDFNDQGIRUWKDFURVVWKHFRQILQHV
RIWKHUHVRQDQWFDYLW\ZKLFKLVDGMDFHQWRUFRXSOHGWRWKH
HOHFWURQEHDP7KHZDYHVDUHPXOWLSO\UHIOHFWHGDWWKHZDOOV
RIWKHFDYLW\DQGLQGRLQJVRWKH\EXLOGXSVWURQJHOHFWUR
PDJQHWLFPLFURZDYHILHOGVZKLFKFDQEHWDSSHGRIIZLWKD
FRD[LDOOLQHRUZDYHJXLGH
7KH WKLQJ LV WKDW D UDGLR ZDYH LV JHQHUDWHG ZKHQHYHU
FKDUJH LV VXGGHQO\ DFFHOHUDWHG ,Q RUGLQDU\ UDGLR WKLV LV
WKRXJKWRIDVRFFXUULQJRQO\DWWKHDQWHQQDDQGWKHWUDQV
)LJ$VHFWLRQRIDZDYHJXLGHVORWWHGIRUPHDVXULQJVWDQGLQJ
ZDYHUDWLR

)LJ'LDJUDPRIDGRXEOHFDYLW\.O\VWURQ<RX¶OOEHXVLQJWKLV
W\SHRIWXEHLQPLFURZDYHULJV
PLWWHULVGHVFULEHGRQO\LQWHUPVRIFXUUHQWDQGYROWDJHV$W
PLFURZDYHIUHTXHQFLHVWKLVVRUWRIORJLFUXQVLQWRWURXEOHDW
WKHWUDQVPLWWLQJWXEHEHFDXVHFXUUHQWVDQGYROWDJHVFDQQRW
EHFRQILQHGWRZLUHVDWVXFKIUHTXHQFLHV:KHQKRZHYHU
ZHDOORZRXUVHOYHVWRWKLQNRIUDGLRZDYHVEHLQJFUHDWHGDW
WKHWUDQVPLWWLQJWXEHUDWKHUWKDQDWWKHDQWHQQDZHVHHKRZ
WRRYHUFRPHWKHGLIILFXOWLHV:HPDQDJHWRPDNHWKHHOHF
WURQVWUHDPRIWKHWXEHDFFHOHUDWHDQGVORZGRZQLWVHOHF
WURQVVRDVWRJHQHUDWHWKHUDGLRZDYHVZHZDQWDQGWKHQ
LPPHGLDWHO\LWEHFRPHVSRVVLEOHWRXQGHUVWDQGWKDWYDULRXV
W\SHVRIKROORZER[UHVRQDWRUVPD\EHDEOHWRVWRUHXSWKLV
UDGLDWLRQDQGEXLOGLWXSWRWKHOHYHOWKDWLVGHVLUHG$OOWKUHH
RIWKHW\SHVRIWXEHVPHQWLRQHGGRWKLVVRUWRIWKLQJLQRQH
ZD\RUDQRWKHU7KH.O\VWURQKDVWKHFDYLWLHVEXLOWLQWHJUDOO\
ZLWKWKHWXEHDQGXVHVWKHPQRWRQO\WRH[WUDFWHQHUJ\EXW
DOVRWRJLYHWKHHOHFWURQEHDPDSURSHUDFFHOHUDWLRQWRFDXVH
WKHUDGLDWLRQ7KH/LJKWKRXVHWXEHPD\EHRSHUDWHGZLWK
H[WHUQDOFDYLWLHVEXWLVHVVHQWLDOO\DWULRGH7KHPDJQHWURQ
PD\ EH EXLOW WR XWLOL]H URXJKO\ WKH VDPH VRUW RI LGHD EXW
GHSHQGVXSRQDVSLUDOO\URWDWLQJHOHFWURQEHDPWRJHQHUDWH
WKHKLJKIUHTXHQF\UDWKHUWKDQDOLQHDUEHDPZKLFKFKDQJHV
RQO\WKHYHORFLW\RIWKHHOHFWURQVZKLFKLWFRQWDLQV
Frequency Control
$VIRUWKHFRQWURORIWKHVHPLFURZDYHIUHTXHQFLHVWRDQ
DFFXUDF\LQNLORF\FOHVWKDWLVHTXDOWRWKHSUHVHQWXVDJHOHVV
FDQEHVDLGIRUWKHFRPPRQSUDFWLFHRIWKHSUHVHQW,WLVREYL
RXVO\LPSRVVLEOHWRXVHTXDUW]FU\VWDOVGLUHFWO\WRDSSURDFK
DQ\VXFKIUHTXHQFLHVDQGHYHQZLWKIDLUO\³WULFN´V\VWHPVWKDW
PDNHWKHFU\VWDOVYLEUDWHLQVKHDURUWRUVLRQLWLVSRVVLEOHWR
REWDLQRQO\DIHZPHJDF\FOHV7KHIUHTXHQF\RIDTXDUW]FU\V
WDOGHSHQGVLQWKHPDLQRQLWVWKLFNQHVV$ERYHDERXWPF
WKHFU\VWDOEHFRPHVVRWKLQWKDWLWLVUDWKHUWRRIUDJLOHIRUPRVW
ZRUN2QHVFKHPHWKDWLVXVHGZLWKFU\VWDOFRQWURORSHUDWHV
ZLWKWKHDLGRIIUHTXHQF\PXOWLSOLHUV7KHVLJQDORIRQO\DIHZ
PHJDF\FOHVIURPWKHTXDUW]FU\VWDOLVIHGWKURXJKDVHULHVRI
YDFXXPWXEHFLUFXLWVDQGLVVXFFHVVLYHO\PXOWLSOLHGE\DIDF
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
WRURIWZRRUWKUHHXQWLOWKHGHVLUHGPLFURZDYHIUHTXHQF\LV
REWDLQHG 7KH HDUO\ PXOWLSOLFDWLRQ VWDJHV PD\ EH RUGLQDU\
WXEHVDQGWKHODWWHUVWDJHVPXVWRIFRXUVHEHRIWKHVSHFLDO
W\SHZKLFKZHKDYHPHQWLRQHG8QIRUWXQDWHO\WKHSURFHVVRI
PXOWLSOLFDWLRQDOVRPXOWLSOLHVDQ\HUURUZKLFKPD\EHSUHVHQW
LQWKHFU\VWDOV7RFRPEDWWKLVWKHFU\VWDOPDQXIDFWXUHUVKDYH
JRQHWRJUHDWH[WUHPHVWRLPSURYHWKHDFFXUDF\DQGVWDELOLW\
RIWKHLUFU\VWDOVDQGWKHUHVXOWVDWWKHSUHVHQWDUHJUDWLI\LQJ
HYHQDWWKHPLFURZDYHHQG
0RUHFRPPRQO\WKHPLFURZDYHIUHTXHQF\LVGHWHUPLQHG
RQO\E\WKHVL]HRIWKHUHVRQDQWFDYLWLHVSURYHQYHU\UHOLDEOH
LQDQDEVROXWHVHQVHVWLOOWKHUHKDVWRGDWHDOVREHHQSOHQW\
RIVSHFWUXPVSDFHVRQRRQHKDVEHHQJUHDWO\FRQFHUQHG
7KH UHDVRQ WKH FDYLWLHV KDYH QRW EHHQ JHQHUDOO\ PDGH WR
GHWHUPLQHIUHTXHQF\DVDFFXUDWHO\DVTXDUW]FU\VWDOVLVPRVW
O\EHFDXVHRIWKHHOHFWULFDODQGWKHUPDOFKDQJHVWKDWPXVW
DOZD\V EH HQFRXQWHUHG ZKHQ D GHYLFH LV LQWLPDWHO\ FRQ
QHFWHGZLWKWKHHOHFWURQVWUHDPRIDYDFXXPWXEH7KHUHLV
YHU\OLWWOHGRXEWEXWWKDWFLUFXLWVFDQEHZRUNHGRXWWRXVH
H[WHUQDO WHPSHUDWXUH VWDELOL]HG FDYLWLHV ZKLFK ZLOO JLYH
UHPDUNDEOHIUHTXHQF\FRQWURO
Modulation
(LWKHU )0 RU $0 FDQ EH XVHG TXLWH VDWLVIDFWRULO\ DW
PLFURZDYHOHYHOV,IDQ\WKLQJ)0LVSUREDEO\VRPHZKDWWKH
HDVLHURIWKHWZR6LPSO\PRGXODWLQJWKHYROWDJHVDSSOLHGWR
WKHWUDQVPLWWLQJWXEHZLOOJHQHUDOO\SURGXFH)0RULQWKHFDVH
RIWKHFU\VWDOFRQWUROOHGV\VWHPWKH)0PD\EHDSSOLHGLQ
FRQYHQWLRQDOZD\VDWDORZHUIUHTXHQF\SRLQWRIWKHFKDLQ
$0LVKDUGHUEHFDXVHWKHPLFURZDYHWXEHVDUHDSWWRKDYH
OLPLWLQJFKDUDFWHULVWLFVZKLFKHIIHFWLYHO\HOLPLQDWHVRPHRI
WKH PRGXODWLRQ $ PLFURZDYH UHFHLYHU LV LQ SULQFLSOH MXVW
DERXWWKHVLPSOHVWWKLQJLPDJLQDEOH7KDWLVLWLVHVVHQWLDOO\
MXVWDQRUGLQDU\UHFHLYHUSOXVDKHWHURG\QHPLFURZDYHVWDJH
2IFRXUVHWKHUHPD\EHRWKHUEHWWHUZD\VRIGRLQJEXVLQHVV
EXWDWOHDVWDFRPPRQSURFHGXUHPDNHVXVHRIDPLFURZDYH
ORFDORVFLOODWRUDUHVRQDQWFDYLW\DVDPL[HUDQGDUHFWLI\LQJ
FU\VWDO 7KH LQSXW IURP WKH DQWHQQD DQG D PLFURZDYH IUH
)LJ$FLUFXODUZDYHJXLGHDQGUDGLDWRU/RRNVOLNHDIXQQHO
GRHVQ¶WLW"
6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 
Update: FT8 on a Rain Gutter Antenna TXHQF\IURPDORFDORVFLOODWRUDUHFRP
ELQHG LQ WKH FDYLW\ 7KHVH WZR
$XWKRU-RH6RPHUV:%61-RIIHUVWKHIROORZLQJXSGDWHWRKLVDUWLFOHRQRSHUDWLQJ PLFURZDYHIUHTXHQFLHVDUHFKRVHQWREH
)7ZLWKDUDLQJXWWHUDQWHQQDZKLFKDSSHDUHGLQWKH$XJXVWLVVXH±:98 D IHZ PHJDF\FOHV DSDUW 7KH FU\VWDO
6LQFH P\ RULJLQDO DUWLFOH ZDV VXEPLWWHG IXUWKHU WHVWLQJ DQG PLQRU FKDQJHV KDYH WKHUHIRUHUHVSRQGVWRDIUHTXHQF\WKDWLV
WDNHQ SODFH WKDW KDYH UHYHDOHG LPSURYHPHQWV WR WKH JXWWHU  GRZQVSRXW DQWHQQD WKHGLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQWKHWZRPLFUR
1RWDEO\FRQWDFWVKDYHWDNHQSODFHRQ+)9+)EDQGVWKURXJKPHWHUVDQG ZDYHVDQGVLQFHWKDWIUHTXHQF\LVLQWKH
QRZQXPEHUPRUHWKDQ+RZHYHUFRQWDFWFRQFHQWUDWLRQLVSULPDULO\RQ UDQJH RI RUGLQDU\ UHFHLYHUV LW FDQ EH
DQGPHWHUV)URPFRDVWDOVRXWKHUQ1HZ-HUVH\FRQWDFWVKDYHEHHQPDGH DPSOLILHGDQGGHWHFWHGLQWKHXVXDOZD\
ZHVWWR+DZDLLHDVWWR0RVFRZQRUWKWR$ODVNDVRXWKWR$UJHQWLQDDQGZLWKDOO
VWDWHV7KHDQWHQQDKDVDOVREHHQVXFFHVVIXOO\XVHGIRU6ORZ6FDQ79DQG:635
$VZDVSRLQWHGRXWEHIRUHWKHPDLQ
3KRQHFRQWDFWVKDYHEHHQOLPLWHGEXWRQO\GXHWRH[WHQVLYHGLJLWDOWHVWLQJ7KHPD[ WKLQJ DERXW PLFURZDYHV LV WKDW RQH
LPXPSRZHUXVHGLVZDWWVRQDQ,&20,&ZLWKDQ0)-WXQHU GHDOVZLWKWKHDFWXDOUDGLRZDYHVULJKW
0LQRUFKDQJHVWRWKHDQWHQQDLQFOXGH LQ WKH WUDQVPLWWHU DQG ULJKW LQ WKH
‡ 7KHEDOXQFKRNHZDVUHZRUNHG,WLVQRZIHHWRIFRD[RQDLQFKHVRI UHFHLYHU UDWKHU WKDQ WKLQNLQJ RQO\ RI
39&SLSH FXUUHQWDQGYROWDJHDQGSHUPLWWLQJWKH
‡$6XSHU$QWHQQD05UDGLDOVHWFRQVLVWLQJRIIRXUUDGLDOVKDVEHHQVSUHDGRXW UDGLRSDUWWREHGHOHJDWHGWRZKDWHYHU
RQWKHJURXQGVXUIDFH5DGLDOOHQJWKVDUHIHHWLQFKHVIHHWLQFKHVIHHW KDSSHQV RXW LQ VSDFH EHWZHHQ WKH
LQFKHVDQGIHHWLQFKHV
‡7HVWLQJKDVVKRZQYDULRXVOHQJWKVRIJXWWHUGRZQVSRXWFRPELQDWLRQVZLOOZRUN DQWHQQDV &RQVHTXHQWO\ ZKHQ \RX
$W P\ ORFDWLRQ D WRWDO OHQJWK RI  IHHW DSSHDUV WR EH RSWLPDO DQG LQ UHJXODU XVH ZRUN ZLWK PLFURZDYHV \RX QRW RQO\
5HVXOWVZLOOYDU\LQRWKHUORFDWLRQVDQGPD\UHTXLUHDGLIIHUHQWWRWDOOHQJWK$GGLWLRQDO UHDGFXUUHQWVDQGYROWDJHVRQWKHYDUL
UDGLDOVZLOODOVRLPSDFW7;5;
‡7KHUHLVQRVHWIRUPXODIRUWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQRIWKLVDQWHQQD7HVWDQGDGMXVWDV
RXVHOHFWURGHVRI\RXUWXEHVEXW\RX
QHHGHGDW\RXUORFDWLRQ DOVRSODQWRPHDVXUHZKDWJRHVRQLQ
± -RH:%61- WKH ZDYH JXLGH WKURXJK ZKLFK \RXU
(PDLOVRPHUVIXQ#JPDLOFRP UDGLDQWHQHUJ\LVWUDYHOLQJ<RXFDQGR
WKLVE\FXWWLQJVORWVLQWKHJXLGHDWFKR
VHQSRLQWVZKHUHWKH\GRQRKDUPDQG
LQVHUWLQJ ORRSV RU SUREHV 3UREDEO\ D
VPDOOUHFWLI\LQJFU\VWDOLVFRQQHFWHGWR
WKHSUREHDQGWKHUHVXOWVDUHUHDGRQD
PLFURDPPHWHU
7KHWKLQJWKDWLVXVXDOO\GHVLUHGLQD
ZDYHJXLGHLVWKDWWKHUHEHDORWRIHQHU
J\WKHUHDQGWKDWLWWUDYHOLQWKHGLUHF
WLRQWKDWLVGHVLUHG,IHYHU\WKLQJLVQ¶W
WXQHG XS SURSHUO\ WKLV ZRQ¶W EH WKH
FDVH 7KH HQHUJ\ ZLOO EH UHIOHFWHG DW
YDULRXVSRLQWVDORQJWKHZD\DQGKHDG
EDFNWRZKHUHLWFDPHIURP,IDSUREH
LVLQVHUWHGLQWRDZDYHJXLGHDQGWKHQ
PRYHGDORQJWKHJXLGHWKLVFRQGLWLRQ
FDQEHHDVLO\GHWHFWHG,IWKHHQHUJ\LV
DOOPRYLQJLQRQHGLUHFWLRQWKHVWUHQJWK
:%61-ORJH[WUDFWRI)7FRQWDFWVPDGHRQPHWHUVXVLQJKLVUDLQJXWWHUDQG RIWKHVLJQDOIRXQGE\WKHSUREHZLOOEH
GRZQVSRXWDQWHQQD6HHPDLQDUWLFOHLQRXU$XJXVWLVVXH XQLIRUP,IRQWKHRWKHUKDQGWKHUHDUH
ZDYHV WUDYHOLQJ LQ ERWK GLUHFWLRQV D
VWDQGLQJ ZDYH LV FUHDWHG DQG PRUH
HQHUJ\LVSUHVHQWDWVRPHSRLQWVWKDQDW
RWKHUV7KHUDWLRRIWKHPD[LPXPVLJ
QDOWKDWLVREVHUYHGLQVOLGLQJDSUREH
DORQJ D ZDYH JXLGH VORW LV FDOOHG WKH
6:5VWDQGLQJZDYHUDWLR7KLVLVDQ
LPSRUWDQW PHDVXUH RI KRZ D ZDYH
JXLGHV\VWHPLVZRUNLQJDQGRQH\RX
ZLOOKHDUPRUHDERXW8QLW\6:5LQGL
FDWHV RSWLPXP WUDQVPLVVLRQ ZKLOH
ODUJHUYDOXHVLQGLFDWHWKHSUHVHQFHRID
-RH¶VXQFRQYHQWLRQDODQWHQQDDOVRJHWVVLJQDOVRXW²DQGLQ²RQPHWHUV+HUH¶V UHDFWLYHFRPSRQHQW
DORJH[WUDFWRIKLVUHFHQW)7FRQWDFWVRQWKH³PDJLFEDQG´

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

Here’s a way to get all of your technical books organized on the web ...
and even share them with others if you’d like. WØRW explains how it
all works.

The Library Thing and TinyCat: WØRW’s

Online Ham Radio Lending Library
BY PAUL SIGNORELLI,* WØRW

7
KHUH LV D IUHH OLEUDU\ ZHEVLWH
FDOOHG /LEUDU\7KLQJ DW ZZZ
OLEUDU\WKLQJFRP!ZKHUH\RXFDQ
NHHSWUDFNRIDOO\RXUERRNVDQGPRUH
$OORIP\ERRNVDUHQRZOLVWHGRQOLQH
DW ³7KH /LEUDU\ 7KLQJ´ 7KH OLEUDU\
DVVLJQV\RXD³QDPH´ DQGDOORZV\RX
WRHQWHUWKHWLWOHVRI\RXUERRNV,WWKHQ
VHOHFWV SRVVLEOH PDWFKHV DQG \RX
FKRRVHWKHFRUUHFWRQHDQGLWHQWHUVDOO
RIWKHWLWOHDXWKRULQIRUPDWLRQ
7KHUHLVDQDGGLWLRQDOOLQNDYDLODEOHIRU
D IHH WR D VHFRQGDU\ VLWH FDOOHG
³7LQ\&DW´ VKRUW IRU 7LQ\ &$7DORJ ,W
DOORZV \RX WR VHW XS D OHQGLQJ OLEUDU\
DQGOHW\RXUIULHQGVDFFHVV\RXUERRN
OLVW DQG ³FKHFN WKHP RXW´ 7LQ\&DW
NHHSVWUDFNRIZKRKDVZKDWDQGZKHQ
WKHERRNVDUHGXHWREHUHWXUQHG<RX
FDQVHHP\7LQ\&DWOLEUDU\DWZZZ
OLEUDU\FDWRUJOLE:5:!
, KDYH P\ OLEUDU\ VHW XS VR WKDW
SURVSHFWLYH XVHUV PXVW KDYH SULRU
DSSURYDO $IWHU DSSURYDO WKH\ FDQ
VHOHFWDERRNIURPWKHVFUROOLQJEDQQHU
RU DGG D NH\ZRUG VXFK DV ³VS\´ RU
³$55/´LQWKHVHDUFKEORFNWRILQGRQH
,I\RXZDQWWKDWERRNDQGLWVKRZVDV
³DYDLODEOH´ SUHVVWKH³&KHFN2XW´ EXW
WRQW\SHLQWKHSDVVZRUGDQGFKHFNLW
RXW:KHQ,JHWWKHQRWLFH,SDFNXSWKH +HUH¶VDVFUHHQVKRWRI:‘5:¶V³/LEUDU\7KLQJ´SDJHDIWHUHQWHULQJDVHDUFK
ERRNDQGPDLOLWRXW UHTXHVWIRU³VS\UDGLRV´
<RXFDQDOVRZULWH\RXURZQ UHYLHZRI
WKH ERRN DQG LW VKRZV RWKHU VLPLODU
ERRNVLQWKH:‘5:/HQGLQJ/LEUDU\
0RVWRIWKHVHERRNVFDQEHSXUFKDVHG A Few Rules…
LQ KDUG FRS\ RU GLJLWDO IRUP IURP +HUHDUHWKHUXOHVIRUP\OHQGLQJOLEUDU\
$PD]RQRUIRXQGLQ\RXUORFDOOLEUDU\
EXW LI \RX DUH QRW FORVH WR DQ\ ERRN ‡ ,WLVDOOIUHHEXWWKHUHDUHUXOHVWRNHHSHYHU\WKLQJPRYLQJ
VWRUHV WKLV FDQ EH D ZD\ WR UHDG WKH ‡ 8VH WKH ³7LQ\&DW´ :HE SDJH WR UHTXHVW ERRNV 2QO\ WZR ERRNV PD\
ERRN\RXZDQWE\PDLO EH RUGHUHGRXWDWDWLPH
863RVWDO6HUYLFH0HGLD0DLOLVYHU\ ‡ 5HWXUQERRNVDIWHURQHPRQWK8VHUVSD\UHWXUQSRVWDJHUHWXUQERRNVYLD
LQH[SHQVLYHDQGDOHWWHUFDUULHUZLOOSLFN 8636³0HGLD0DLO´
XSSUHSDLG0HGLD0DLOERRNVULJKWRXW
RI\RXUPDLOER[1RQHHGWRJRWRWKH
3RVW2IILFHDQGVWDQGLQOLQH
ZUZ#PVQFRP!
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
‡ 3URFHGXUH,VHQGWKHERRNVWR\RX\RXUHDGDQGUHWXUQWKHERRNVWRPH
RUVHQGWKHPRQWRQH[WSHUVRQDVDGYLVHGRQWKHFLUFXODWLRQOLVW
7KDW¶VDOOWKHUHLVWRLW
6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 
If you’ve ever wanted to make your own keyer paddles — and wanted
to make use of a surplus “wall wart” power supply — then N4ERM has got
the project for you!

A Junkbox Touch Key

BY BURT VANDERCLUTE,* N4ERM

&:
LVP\IDYRULWHRSHUDWLQJPRGH$IWHU,³JUDG SUHIHU":HKLWRQLWZKLOHORRNLQJWKURXJKRXUMXQNER[:H
XDWHG´IURPWKHVWUDLJKWNH\,PRYHGRQWRD FRXOG XVH WRXFKNH\ WHFKQRORJ\ ZLWK DSSURSULDWH VXUSOXV
NH\HU%XWXQOLNHWKHPDMRULW\RIKDPV,GLG ³ZDOOZDUW´SRZHUVXSSOLHVOLNHWKRVHVKRZQLQ3KRWR$
QRWXVHSDGGOHVWRRH[SHQVLYHLQVWHDG,XVHGSDGV5DWKHU ,VHOHFWHGDZDOOZDUWWKDWXVHGRQHVFUHZWRKROGWKHWZR
WKDQXVHIRUHILQJHUDQGWKXPEWRFUHDWHWKHGRWVDQGGDVK KDOYHVWRJHWKHU2QFHWKHFDVHZDVRSHQHGDQGWKHIRUPHU
HV,XVHP\IRUHDQGPLGGOHILQJHU JXWVUHPRYHGLWORRNHGOLNHDWLJKWILWIRUHTXLSPHQW)RUWKH
7KLVZRUNVILQHZKHQ,¶PWKHRQO\RQHRSHUDWLQJWKHVWD WRXFKNH\,VHOHFWHGWKHVPDOOHVW3&ERDUG,FRXOGILQGPHD
WLRQEXWLWFUHDWHVDSUREOHPZKHQLWFRPHVWRVKDULQJ&: VXULQJDSSUR[LPDWHO\E\LQFK
DFWLYLWLHVVXFKDVGXULQJ)LHOG'D\RUWKHVWDWH462SDUW\,
GRQ¶W XVH SDGGOHV RWKHUV GR QRW XVH P\ WZRILQJHU VW\OH
-RLQWRSHUDWLRQVOLNHWKLVDOZD\VUHTXLUHGFKDQJLQJNH\VRU
SDGGOHVLQWKHPLGGOHRIWKHHYHQW
6R WKH LVVXH ZDV ZKDW NLQG RI NH\LQJ GHYLFH ERWK RI XV
FRXOGXVH:KDWZRXOGDOORZERWKWKHXSDQGGRZQPRWLRQ
WKDW,SUHIHUUHGDQGWKHVLGHWRVLGHPRWLRQWKDWSDGGOHXVHUV

+HULRW'ULYH
)D\HWWHYLOOH1&
HPDLOEXUWYF#DROFRP!

3KRWR%7KLVWLQ\FLUFXLWERDUGIURP+DPVKRSLQWKH&]HFK
5HSXEOLFSURYLGHVDOOWKHQHFHVVDU\HOHFWURQLFV

3KRWR$:H¶YHDOOJRWVXUSOXV³ZDOOZDUW´SRZHUVXSSOLHV 3KRWR&7KHEDWWHU\SDFNIURPDVLPSOH/('IODVKOLJKW²
VLWWLQJLQGUDZHUV«1(50WXUQHGRQHRIKLVLQWRDVHWRI RIWHQDYDLODEOHIRUIUHHIURP+DUERU)UHLJKW²FDQSURYLGH
NH\HUSDGGOHV WKHQHHGHGSRZHU

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 The NEW EZ HANG
Square Shot Kit
www.ezhang.com
6XJJHVWLRQIURPWKRXVDQGV
RI+$0¶VDQG&DEOH,QVWDOOHUV
DURXQGWKHZRUOGOHGWRD
FRPSOHWHUHGHVLJQRIWKH
(=+DQJ&XVWRP'HVLJQHG
IRU<28WKHXVHULQPLQG
1RZVDIHUDQGHDVLHUWRXVH\RX
ZLOOKLW\RXUPDUNHYHU\WLPHZLWK
OHVVFKDQFHRIPLVILUHVRUKLWWLQJWKH\RNH
OVER 15,000 SOLD AROUND THE WORLD!
304-856-1026
www.ezhang.com
EZ HANG
75 Gold Finch Way
Capon Bridge, WV 26711

ADVANCED SPECIALTIES INC.

2UGHUV4XRWHV+$0
www.advancedspecialties.net
BIG ONLINE CATALOG
9;5
7ULEDQG
6XEPHUVLEOH
+DQG+HOG
)75
'XDO%DQG0RELOH
:7UDQVFHLYHU
AMATEUR RADIO EQUIPMENT &
ACCESSORIES • SCANNERS
ANLI • COMET • TYT • UNIDEN • YAESU
9+)
(VVH[6WUHHW/RGL1-
3KRWR'5HPRYHWKHEDWWHU\SDFNIURPWKHIODVKOLJKWDQGVROGHUZLUHVWRHDFKHQG &ORVHG6XQGD\ 0RQGD\

5HDO+DPV'R&RGH
/HDUQFRGHZLWKK\SQRVLVWRGD\
'RZQORDG1RZ
ZZZVXFFHVVLVHDV\FRP

6XFFHVV(DV\
6( 0DSOH7HU3RUW6W/XFLH)/

3KRWR(7KHEDWWHU\FDQWKHQJRLQWKH 3KRWR)$SRZHUVZLWFKDQG³RQ´OLJKW
WRS RI WKH ZDOO ZDUW FDVH ZKLOH WKH NHHSWKHEDWWHU\IURPEHLQJUXQGRZQ
FLUFXLWERDUGJRHVLQWKHERWWRP ZKHQQRWLQXVH

7KH WLQ\ PRGXOH 3KRWR % FDQ EH ,VROGHUHGZLUHVIURPDVKRUWSLHFHRI

SRZHUHGE\WRYROWV'&VRWKHQH[W FRD[WRWKHSRVLWLYHDQGQHJDWLYHVLGHV
Hands Free,
LVVXHZDVILQGLQJDQDSSURSULDWHSRZHU RI WKH EDWWHU\ SDFN 3KRWR ' DQG D comfortable,
VXSSO\,WKDGWREHUHODWLYHO\FRPSDFW VPDOO 9'& SRZHU VXSSO\ ZDV WKH full chest harness.
WR ILW LQ WKH VPDOO FDVH 7KH DQVZHU
WXUQHGRXWWREHWKHEDWWHU\SRZHUVXS
SO\IURPRQHRIWKH/('IODVKOLJKWVRIWHQ
DYDLODEOH IRU IUHH IURP +DUERU )UHLJKW
UHVXOW3KRWR( Pockets for radios,
:LWKWKHWRXFKNH\FLUFXLWERDUGFDVH accessories,
DQGSRZHUVXSSO\VHOHFWHGLWZDVWLPH backup power, and
9” x 10” zipped map pocket.
WRFRQQHFWWKHSDUWV,ZDVXQVXUHKRZ
3KRWR& PXFKFXUUHQWWKHWLQ\FLUFXLWZRXOGGUDZ 831-427-8197 KC6QLB
www.powerportstore.com
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 
 ZKHQLWZDVRQVR,LQFOXGHGDQRQRII
VZLWFKDQG³RQ´/('LQGLFDWRULQWKHFLU
FXLW3KRWR)
&RQQHFWLQJWKHFLUFXLWERDUGZDVVLP
SOHHQRXJK7KHERDUGLVFOHDUO\ODEHOHG
ZLWKWKH',7DQG'$+SDGGOHFRQQHF
WLRQV RQ RQH VLGH DQG WKH SRZHU DQG
NH\HU RXWSXW RQ WKH RWKHU 7KH JUHHQ
FRD[FRPHVIURPWKHEDWWHU\SDFNZLWK
WKH SRVLWLYH LQSXW WR WKH VZLWFKHG UHG
ZLUHVDQGWKHQHJDWLYHZLUHVDUHEODFN
3KRWR*%DUHZLUHVUXQIURPWKH',7
DQG '$+ SDGV RQ WKH FLUFXLW ERDUG WR
WKHSDGGOHV7KHWKUHHFRORUULEERQZLUH
UXQVIURPWKHERDUGWRWKHRXWSXWMDFN
,XVHGDFRQGXFWRUMDFNIRUWKHNH\
3KRWR*:LULQJLVVLPSOHDQGVWUDLJKWIRUZDUG6HHWH[WIRUGHWDLOV RXWSXW 3KRWR + VR WKDW , FRXOG LQWHU
IDFHWKHWRXFKNH\HDVLO\ZLWKDNH\HURU
GLUHFWO\WRWKH&:³ULQJWLSVOHHYH´LQSXW
WKDWPRVWPRGHUQULJVKDYH,XVHWKHNH\ZLWKP\4&;0
;&95+%%YDQG76$7
3KRWR, VKRZVWKHZDOOZDUWSDGGOHEHLQJXVHGZLWKWKHW\S
LFDO KRUL]RQWDO ILQJHU DQG WKXPE VLGHWRVLGH VW\OH ZKLOH
3KRWR- VKRZVLWLQXVHZLWKP\SUHIHUUHGYHUWLFDOXSDQG
GRZQVW\OHXVLQJP\IRUHILQJHUDQGPLGGOHILQJHU
,KDGJUHDWIXQSXWWLQJWKHSDGGOHSDGWRJHWKHU1RZQR
PDWWHUKRZ\RXILQJHUWKHNH\VWKLVZRUNV7U\LW%HW\RX¶OO
OLNHLW

127(6
%9DQGHU&OXWH1(50³%XLOGD7ZR)LQJHU.H\´467 $XJ
SS
 7RXFK 3DGGOH 0RGXOH PD\ EH RUGHUHG IURP +DPVKRS ZZZ
+DPVKRSF]!IRU_ URXJKO\86SOXVSRVWDJH'LUHFWOLQN
LVDWKWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\[EGUMJ!
 /(' IODVKOLJKW LV IUHTXHQWO\ IUHH ZLWK SXUFKDVH RI DQ\WKLQJ IURP
ZZZKDUERUIUHLJKWFRP!

3KRWR+7KHDXWKRUXVHGDFRQGXFWRUPLQLSKRQHMDFN
IRUWKHRXWSXWWRHDVLO\LQWHUIDFHZLWKWKHNH\HULQSXWMDFNV
RQKLVUDGLRV

3KRWR - « RU WKH RSHUDWRU PD\ SUHIHU DQ XSDQGGRZQ

3KRWR,7KHZDOOZDUWWRXFKSDGGOHVPD\EHXVHGLQWKHFRP PRWLRQXVLQJIRUHILQJHUDQGPLGGOHILQJHU(LWKHUDSSURDFK
PRQVLGHWRVLGHFRQILJXUDWLRQXVLQJWKXPEDQGIRUHILQJHU« ZLOOZRUN

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

what’s new FALL-ing
Yaesu FT3DR
,QWURGXFHG DW WKH  'D\WRQ +DP
Prices
YHQWLRQŠ DQGUHFHQWO\DSSURYHGE\WKH
)&& IRU VDOH WKH <DHVX )7'5 LV WKH
at the
FRPSDQ\¶V ODWHVW DGGLWLRQ WR LWV OLQH RI
DQDORJ DQG &)0 GLJLWDO YRLFH KDQG
KHOGV<DHVX¶VQHZHVW+7RIIHUVXSWR
CQ Store
ZDWWVRIRXWSXWDQGFRPHVHTXLSSHGZLWK
%OXHWRRWK$XWRPDWLF0RGH6HOHFW*36
:,5(6;SRUWDEOHGLJLWDOQRGHDPLFUR 8QGHUVWDQGLQJ
6' FDUG VORW DQG $356 $XWRPDWLF %XLOGLQJ 8VLQJ
3DFNHW5HSRUWLQJ6\VWHP
7KH)7'5LVDFRPSDFWGXDOEDQG+7
WKDWRSHUDWHVRQWKHPHWHUDQGFHQ
WLPHWHUDPDWHXUEDQGVDQGLVGRPLQDWHG
E\DKLJKUHVROXWLRQ[GRWPDWUL[
IXOOFRORU7)7WRXFKVFUHHQWKDWGLVSOD\V
WKHRSHUDWLRQDOIUHTXHQF\VXEIUHTXHQ
F\ PRGH VWDWXV DQG IXQFWLRQ VHWWLQJV
PHQX ,Q DGGLWLRQ WKH )7'5 EDQG
VFRSHIXQFWLRQFDQGLVSOD\FKDQQHOV
FHQWHUHGRQWKHFXUUHQW9)2IUHTXHQF\
LQUHDOWLPHDQGDWKLJKVSHHG
8VLQJ WKH WRXFK VFUHHQ XVHUV FDQ
FKDQJHWKHPRGHGLUHFWO\LQSXWIUHTXHQ
F\DQGFRQWUROWKHSOHWKRUDRIIHDWXUHV
RIIHUHG)UHTXHQWO\XVHGIXQFWLRQVKDYH
EHHQDVVLJQHGWRGHGLFDWHGNH\VEHORZ
WKHGLVSOD\
2QWKHUHFHLYLQJHQGWKH)7'5KDV
WZRLQGHSHQGHQWUHFHLYHUVDGRXEOHFRQ
YHUVLRQVXSHUKHWHURG\QHIRU$01)0
DQG GLUHFW FRQYHUVLRQ IRU $0  )0
)UHTXHQFLHVUHFHLYHGLQFOXGH0+]XS
WR*+]RQWKHPDLQEDQGDQG
0+]RQWKHUHFHLYHRQO\%VXEEDQGDOO
FKDQQHOHGLQWRDVPDOOVSHDNHUWKDWFDQ
RXWSXWP:8VHUVPD\DOVROLVWHQWR
WKH$0)0EURDGFDVWEDQGVZKLOHPRQ
LWRULQJWKH$%EDQGVVLPXOWDQHRXVO\
8VLQJ $XWRPDWLF 0RGH 6HOHFW WKH
)7'5 FDQ GHWHUPLQH ZKHWKHU WKH UH
FHLYHGVLJQDOLV&)0GLJLWDORUFRQYHQ
WLRQDO )0 DQG VHWV WKH UHFHLYHU WR WKH
DSSURSULDWHPRGHWKXVUHPRYLQJWKHQHHG
IRUWKHXVHUWRPDQXDOO\HQWHUWKHPRGH
PRGHV'LUHFW2SHUDWLRQ±LQZKLFKWKH
)7'5LVXVHGRQO\IRU:,5(6;LQWHU
QHW FRPPXQLFDWLRQ ZLWKRXW WUDQVPLWWLQJ
RUUHFHLYLQJUDGLRVLJQDOV±DQG$FFHVV
3RLQW2SHUDWLRQZKLFKFDQEHXVHG³RQ
DLU´ DQGUHOD\ORFDO&)0GLJLWDOWUDQV
FHLYHUVZKLOHDOVRFRQQHFWLQJWRWKHLQWHU
QHW ZLWK :,5(6; GLJLWDO URRPV +RZ
HYHU\RXPD\VWLOOPRQLWRU&)0GLJLWDO
WUDQVPLVVLRQVRQWKH$%EDQGV
6RSKLVWLFDWHG GLJLWDO JURXS RSHUDWLRQ
RIIHUVGLJLWDOJURXS,'VDQGFDQEH
HDVLO\FRQILJXUHGE\HDFKJURXSPHPEHU
WRIDFLOLWDWHFRPPXQLFDWLRQVEHWZHHQWKH
VSHFLILFJURXSPHPEHUV,QDGGLWLRQWKH
'LJLWDO*URXS0RQLWRUIHDWXUHDXWRPDWL
FDOO\FKHFNVZKHWKHUDVWDWLRQXVLQJWKH
*0IXQFWLRQRQWKHVDPHIUHTXHQF\DQG
ZLWKWKHVDPH'*,'LVZLWKLQFRPPXQL
FDWLRQUDQJH7KHGLVWDQFHDQGGLUHFWLRQ
IRU HDFK FDOOVLJQ DUH GLVSOD\HG RQ WKH
VFUHHQDQGFDQNHHSWUDFNRIVWDWLRQV
ZLWKLQWKHDUHD
7KHUH DUH  FKDQQHO PHPRU\
EDQNV DQG WKH &OXE FKDQQHO $FWLYLW\
%DOXQV 8QXQV
E\-HUU\6HYLFN:)0,
7KHVXFFHVVRUWRWKH
SRSXODUDQGDXWKRULWDWLYH
%DOXQVDQG8QXQV*UHDW
GHDORIQHZWXWRULDOPDWHULDO
DQGGHVLJQVQRWLQSUHYLRXV
ERRNZLWKFU\VWDOFOHDUH[SODQDWLRQV
RIKRZDQGZK\WKH\ZRUN
; 3DSHUEDFN
1HZ &' 9HUVLRQ 
%X\ERWKIRURQO\
:6$, +) $QWHQQD
+DQGERRN
E\%LOO2UU:6$,
:6$,ZDVNQRZQIRUKLV
HDV\WRXQGHUVWDQGZULWLQJ
VW\OH,QNHHSLQJZLWKWKLV
WUDGLWLRQWKLVERRNLVD
WKRURXJKO\UHDGDEOHWH[WIRU
DQ\DQWHQQDHQWKXVLDVW
MDPSDFNHGZLWKGR]HQVRI
LQH[SHQVLYHSUDFWLFDODQWHQQD
SURMHFWVWKDWZRUN
; 3DSHUEDFN
1HZ &' 9HUVLRQ
%X\ERWKIRURQO\
/HZ0F&R\RQ$QWHQQDV
E\ /HZ0F&R\:,&3
8QOLNHPDQ\WHFKQLFDO
*36UHFHSWLRQFRPHVYLDDKLJKVHQ
VLWLYLW\FKDQQHO*36DQWHQQDORFDWHG
DW WKH WRS RI WKH )7'5 7KH WLPH
UHTXLUHGIRUDFTXLULQJWKHSRVLWLRQLQIRU
PDWLRQDVZHOODVWKHDFFXUDF\KDVEHHQ
LPSURYHG:KHQRSHUDWLQJWKH)7'5LQ
&)0GLJLWDOPRGHXVHUVFDQGLVSOD\WKH
SRVLWLRQDQGGLUHFWLRQRIWKHSDUWQHUVWD
WLRQLQUHDOWLPH
:LWK   ESV $356 FRP
0RQLWRU&$0IXQFWLRQDOORZVFOXEUHJ
LVWHUHGPHPRU\FKDQQHOVWREHVFDQQHG
DQGVLJQDOVWUHQJWKFDQEHPRQLWRUHGLQ
UHDOWLPH8VHUVFDQVHHXSWRILYHFKDQ
QHOVGLVSOD\HGRQWKHVFUHHQ
7KH )7'5 FRPHV HTXLSSHG ZLWK D
PLFUR6'FDUGVORWWKDWFDQDFFHSWFRP
PHUFLDOO\DYDLODEOH 6' FDUGV XS WR 
*%8VHUVFDQVWRUH*36WUDFNVSKRWRV
WDNHQ IURP WKH RSWLRQDO 0+$8
SXEOLFDWLRQV/HZSUHVHQWV
KLVLQYDOXDEOHDQWHQQDLQIR
LQDFDVXDOQRQLQWLPLGDWLQJ
ZD\IRUDQ\RQH
; 3DSHUEDFN
1HZ &' 9HUVLRQ
%X\ERWKIRURQO\
Shipping & Handling: U.S. add $7 for the first item,
$3.50 for the second and $2 for each add’l item. FREE
PXQLFDWLRQWKH)7'5FDQGLVSOD\SRVL
WLRQVKHDGLQJGLUHFWLRQDQGGLVWDQFHRI
WKHUHFHLYHG$356VWDWLRQVDQGXSWR
VWDWLRQV ZKLOH DOVR DOORZLQJ PHVVDJH
WUDQVIHUDQG6PDUW%HDFRQLQJ
:,5(6; FRPSDWLELOLW\ ZLOO OHW XVHUV
WXUQ WKHLU )7'5 LQWR D SRUWDEOH GLJLWDO
PLFURSKRQHDQGUHFRUGHGUDGLRWUDQV
PLVVLRQVRUXVHLWWRFORQHUDGLRGDWDWR
RWKHUFRPSDWLEOHUDGLRV
<DHVX¶V)7'5LVDYDLODEOHQRZDQG
KDVDVXJJHVWHGUHWDLOSULFHRI)RU
PRUH LQIRUPDWLRQ FRQWDFW <DHVX 86$
3K\OOLV'ULYH&\SUHVV&$
shipping on orders over $100 to one U.S. address. All
other Countries add $25 for 1st item, $10 for 2nd and
$5 for each additional. Buy Both=single item!
CQ The Radio
Amateur's Journal
Phone 516-681-2922
QRGH LI \RX KDYH D 3& DQG DQ LQWHUQHW 3KRQH   :HEVLWH FAX 516-681-2926
FRQQHFWLRQ 7KHUH DUH WZR RSHUDWLQJ ZZZ\DHVXFRP!
http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 MATH’S NOTES
BY IRWIN MATH,* WA2NDM

Power Supplies Revisited

,
QVHYHUDOSUHYLRXVFROXPQVZHLQGL
FDWHGWKHSRWHQWLDOGDQJHUVRIZRUN
LQJGLUHFWO\ZLWKWKH$&OLQH6LQFH
RQHVLGHRIWKHVWDQGDUG$&SRZHUOLQH
RU³PDLQV´RXWVLGHWKH86LVXVXDOO\
FRQQHFWHGWRDFRQGXFWRUWKDWHYHQWX
DOO\ FRQQHFWV WR HDUWK JURXQG WKH
SRWHQWLDOIRUVKRFNWRDQ\RQHFRPLQJLQ
FRQWDFW ZLWK WKH RWKHU RU ³KRW´ FRQ
GXFWRULVGDQJHURXV:LWKWKLVLQPLQG
FRQVLGHUWKHYHU\FRPPRQ³ZDOOZDUW´
3KRWR $ WKDW SRZHUV PXFK RI RXU
HTXLSPHQW,QWKHLQWHUHVWRIVLPSOLFLW\
LQPDQXIDFWXULQJPDQ\RIWKHVHXVHD
VZLWFKLQJVFKHPHWKDWZKLOHWKH\RIWHQ
ZRUNIURPWRYROWVRUVRDUHQRW
QHFHVVDULO\ LVRODWHG HOHFWULFDOO\ IURP 3KRWR$7KH³ZDOOZDUW´
HDUWKJURXQG7KLVFRXOGLQGHHGEHWKH
FDVHLIWKHRQHWKDW\RXKDYHRQO\KDV
WZR SURQJV QRW WKH FRPPRQ WKUHH
SURQJYDULHW\7KLVPLJKWDOVRQRW EHWKH
FDVHVREHIRUH\RXSDQLFXQGXO\ZH
ZLOOLQGLFDWHKRZWRGHWHUPLQHWKLVLQD
IHZPRPHQWV
:KHQXVLQJWKHVHIRUSURGXFWVVXFK
DV FHOO SKRQHV VPDOO DPSOLILHUV DQG
YDULRXV³JDGJHWV´LVRODWLRQLVQRUPDOO\ )LJXUH$6LPSOH$& LQSXW$& RXWSXW
QRWDSUREOHPVLQFHWKHUHLVQRUHDOZD\
WRFRPHLQFRQWDFWZLWKDQ\RXWSXWFRQ
GXFWRUVRWKH\DUH³VDIH´6RPHPDQX
IDFWXUHUV DFWXDOO\ DGYHUWLVH WKDW WKHLU
SDUWLFXODUVXSSO\LVLVRODWHGLQWKHVHQVH
WKDWLWGRHVQRWKDYHDQ\PHWDOOLFFRQ
GXFWRU DYDLODEOH WR WKH SXEOLF ,Q IDFW
HYHU\WKLQJ LV XVXDOO\ PDGH RI SODVWLF
DQGWKHHQGXVHULV³LVRODWHG´IURPWKH )LJXUH%6LPSOH$& LQSXWXQUHJXODWHG'& RXWSXW
$&OLQHHYHQZKHQLWLVLQXVH6RIDU
VRJRRG
1RZOHWXVFRQVLGHUWKHH[SHULPHQWHU
LQRXU³KDQGVRQ´DPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
PXQLW\0DQ\RIXVDUHGHVLJQHUVDQG
EXLOGHUV RI QXPHURXV SURMHFWV DQG
GHYLFHV WKDW ZH KDYH FRPH XS ZLWK
+RZGRZHLQLWLDOO\FRQVLGHUSRZHULQJ
WKHP":HOOMXVWXVHRQHRIWKHPDQ\
GLVFDUGHG SOXJLQ ZDOO ZDUWV WKDW ZH
KDYH O\LQJ DURXQG 7KH YROW RXWSXW )LJXUH&6LPSOH$& LQSXWORZULSSOHXQUHJXODWHG'& RXWSXW
LQFOXGLQJFHOOSKRQHFKDUJHUWKDWFDQ
VXSSO\XSWRDPSVWKHROGFRPSXW
HU SHULSKHUDO DQG WKH OLNH ZKLFK QR
ORQJHUDUHRIXVHDUHZRQGHUIXOVRXUFHV
RIPRGHUDWHORZFRVWVRPHWLPHVIUHH
SRZHU IRU RXU FUHDWLRQV :K\ QRW MXVW
FXWRIIWKHRXWSXWFRQQHFWRUDQGZLUHLW

FR&4PDJD]LQH )LJXUH'$& LQSXWQRQ,VRODWHGVZLWFKLQJFLUFXLW'& RXWSXW

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH


)LJXUH($& LQSXWLVRODWHGVZLWFKLQJFLUFXLW'&RXWSXW
GLUHFWO\LQWRRXUSURMHFW"*RRGLGHDEXW
DJDLQZKDWDERXWLVRODWLRQ"
:KHQ\RXSODQWRFRQQHFWVRPHWKLQJ
OLNH WKLV WR \RXU SURMHFW \RX PXVW EH
DEVROXWHO\ FHUWDLQ ² IRU REYLRXV UHD
VRQV ² WKDW \RX SHUVRQDOO\ FDQQRW
FRPHLQWRFRQWDFWZLWKDQ\$&OLQHFRQ
GXFWRU7KLVPHDQVWKDW\RXPXVWILUVW
DEVROXWHO\WHVWWKHZDOOZDUW\RXSODQWR
XVH7KHVLPSOHVWZD\WRGRWKLVLVZLWK
DFRPPRQRKPPHWHU6HWWKHPHWHUWR
WKHKLJKHVWUDQJHLWKDVDQGWKHQFRQ
QHFWWKHSUREHVEHWZHHQHYHU\LQSXWSLQ
DQGRXWSXWSLQWKDWWKHUHLV7KLVPHDQV
WKDWIRUDFRPPRQWZRSLQGHYLFH\RX
ZLOOKDYHIRXUWHVWV$&SLQWRRXW
SXW$&SLQWRRXWSXW$&SLQWR
RXWSXW DQG $& SLQ  WR  RXWSXW 7KH
UHVLVWDQFH VKRXOG EH ZHOO LQWR WKH
PHJRKP UHJLRQ LI WKH XQLW LV WUXO\ LVR
ODWHG :KLOH PDQ\ RI WKH ZLGH UDQJH
FXLWIRUHDFKRIWKHPRUHFRPPRQSRZHU
VXSSOLHVDYDLODEOHWRGD\
)LJXUH $ LV D VLPSOH WUDQVIRUPHU
FRXSOHG $& LQSXWRXWSXW LQ ZKLFK WKH
ILQDOYROWDJHLVVROHO\GHSHQGHQWRQWKH
WXUQVUDWLR7KLVYHUVLRQLVIXOO\LVRODWHG
EXWLVXVXDOO\DYDLODEOHIRURQO\RQHLQSXW
YROWDJH7KHRXWSXWFDQEH$&RU'&
)LJXUH% LVDOVRWUDQVIRUPHUFRXSOHG
EXW FRQWDLQV D GLRGH DQG FDSDFLWRU
UHVXOWLQJLQDVLPSOHXQUHJXODWHG'&RXW
SXWGHSHQGHQWRQWKHWUDQVIRUPHU¶VVHF
RQGDU\YROWDJH%HFDXVHLWLVMXVWDKDOI
ZDYHUHFWLILHUHIILFLHQF\LVQRWJUHDW$V
LQWKHFDVHRI)LJXUH$KRZHYHUWKLV
YHUVLRQLVDOVRIXOO\LVRODWHGEXWLVXVX
DOO\DYDLODEOHLQRQO\RQHLQSXWYROWDJH
)LJXUH& LVVLPLODUEXWWKLVWLPHD
IXOOZDYHEULGJHLVXVHGVRHIILFLHQF\LV
PXFKEHWWHU7KHXQUHJXODWHG'&RXW
SXWLVVWLOOGHSHQGHQWRQWKHWUDQVIRUPHU
VHFRQGDU\YROWDJH7KLVYHUVLRQLVDOVR
IXOO\LVRODWHGEXWDJDLQLVXVXDOO\DYDLO
DEOH RQO\ LQ RQH '& LQSXW YROWDJH
6RPHWLPHV WKHVH YDULDWLRQV FRQWDLQ D
UHJXODWRU
)LJXUH ' LV D VLPSOH QRQLVRODWHG
VZLWFKLQJ SRZHU VXSSO\ 7KH RXWSXW
PD\EHXQUHJXODWHGRUUHJXODWHGDQG
WKH $& LQSXW YROWDJH UDQJH LV XVXDOO\
ZLGH HQRXJK WR LQWHUIDFH ZLWK PRVW
SRZHU OLQH YROWDJHV ZRUOGZLGH 7KHVH
FDQDOVREHQRQLVRODWHGDQGPXVWEH
FKHFNHG EHIRUH XVLQJ IRU DQ\ KRPH
EXLOWSURMHFW
)LJXUH( LVWKHPRVWFRPSOH[VZLWFK
LQJ UHJXODWRU GHVLJQ 7KH RXWSXW IRU
WKHVHLVXVXDOO\UHJXODWHGDQGWKHLQSXW
YROWDJHUDQJHLVXVXDOO\ZLGHHQRXJKWR
LQWHUIDFHZLWKPRVWSRZHUOLQHYROWDJHV
ZRUGZLGH7KHVHDUHDOPRVWIXOO\
LVRODWHG
,KRSHWKHLQIRUPDWLRQUHODWHGKHUHLV
RIXVHWR\RXDQGWKDW\RXPD\ILQGD
FRQYHQLHQW XVH IRU WKHVH SRZHU VXS
SOLHV$V,PHQWLRQHGWKHFRVWFDQQRW
EH DQ\ ILQDQFLDO IDFWRU DQG VDIH RQHV
FDQILOOPDQ\QHHGV
± ,UZLQ:$1'0
LQSXWGHYLFHVWRYROWVDUHLVR
ODWHG\RXFDQILQGVRPHWKDWDUHQRW,Q
RXUMXQNER[ZKLFKKDGPRUHWKDQ
RUZHIRXQGWKUHHWKDWZHUHQRWLVR
ODWHG 7KHVH ZHUH IURP LQH[SHQVLYH
GHYLFHVDQGZHUHODEHOHGWRZRUNIURP
MXVW  YROWV :LWK DOO GXH UHVSHFW
WKHVHZHUHDOVRROGHUXQLWVVRPD\EH
WKLQJVKDYHFKDQJHG+RZHYHUGRWKH
PLQXWHRKPPHWHUWHVWDQGDOVRGRQ¶W
OHWWKH8/&6$RURWKHUUHJXODWRU\ODEHO
LISUHVHQWIRRO\RX
,I \RXU SURSRVHG GHYLFH SDVVHV WKH
ILUVWWHVW\RXFDQQRZGRDQ$&LVROD
WLRQWHVW)RUWKLV\RXZLOOQHHGDVLP
SOHQHRQODPSVXFKDVDQ1(D.
2XWVWDQGLQJ7UDQVPLW$XGLR
UHVLVWRUDQGDORDGWKDWZLOOEHDSSUR[L W 2 I H Y Te c h n o l o g i e s ,V2XU6SHFLDOW\
PDWHO\ ZKDW WKH GHYLFH LV LQWHQGHG WR
SRZHU7KHFRQQHFWLRQVIRUWKLVWHVWDUH
8 Band EQ EQplus
W2IHY 8 Band EQ & By W2IHY
DELWPRUHFRPSOH[)LUVWFRQQHFWWKH Noise Gate Thousands
SRZHU VXSSO\ DQG ORDG LQ WKH QRUPDO of Satisfied Users Premium Audio
Worldwide Processing
PDQQHU7KHQFRQQHFWWKHQHRQODPS Add the legendary W2IHY 8 Band Equalizer And Noise Gate to your Did you turn on an amplifier? Your signal is loud and squeaky-clean.
DQG UHVLVWRU LQ VHULHV DQG XVH WKLV shack and get ready for great audio reports! From smooth rag-chew EQplus users hear that report all the time. Compressor/Limiter
³SUREH´WRWHVWWKHFRQQHFWLRQVEHWZHHQ audio that makes them ask what you're running ... to penetrating increases talk power without the distortion and restricted frequency
DX/Contest audio that gets results, wide-range adjustability is at your response of ordinary speech processors. Dual Band EQ, Downward
HDFK$&SLQDQGHDFK'&RXWSXWSLQ,I command. Noise Gate reduces background noise for a cleaner, more Expander for noise reduction, Effects for psychoacoustic magic.
effective signal. Universal Interface lets you use most any microphone LED Bar Graph. Front panel controls. Universal Interface matches most
WKHQHRQODPSQHYHUOLJKWVWKHQWKHXQLW with any radio including classics. I-K-Y selector for plug-n-play with all mics, all radios. I-K-Y mic selector. Switched outputs for 3 radios.
LVVDIHWRXVH,NQRZWKLVPD\VRXQG popular brand micro-phones. Switched outputs for 2 radios. Headphone Monitor. RFI protection. Powerful stand alone system or
Headphone Monitor. RFI protection. combine with W2IHY 8-Band EQ for maximum adjustability.
OLNHDULGLFXORXVWHVWWRVRPHSHRSOHEXW
Products purchased from W2IHY include 30 Day Money Back Guarantee and 3 Year Parts/Labor Warranty.
UHPHPEHU WKH ROG DGDJH %HWWHU VDIH Top-rated Product Quality, Technical Support and Customer Service.
WKDQVRUU\

)RUWKRVHLQWHUHVWHGWKHVFKHPDWLFV Awesome Audio
Demonstrations HPDLOMXOLXV#ZLK\FRP W2IHY Technologies Inc.
LQ)LJXUHV$( VKRZWKHJHQHUDOFLU www.w2ihy.com order online at 9DQHVVD/DQH
www.w2ihy.com 6WDDWVEXUJ1<

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 THE LISTENING POST
BY GERRY DEXTER

All India Radio Under Threat of Closure

a :KRRUZKDWLV³3UDVDU%KDUDWL´ DQGZK\GRHVLWZDQW a 7KH QHZ PDQDJLQJ GLUHFWRU RI WKH $XVWUDOLDQ %URDG
WRNLOO$OO,QGLD5DGLR" FDVWLQJ&RUSRUDWLRQPD\UHFRQVLGHULPSOHPHQWLQJWKH$%&
3UDVDU%KDUDWL3%LV,QGLD¶VODUJHVWSXEOLFEURDGFDVW
LQJDJHQF\DVWDWXWRU\DXWRQRPRXVERG\VHWXSE\DQ$FW
RI 3DUOLDPHQW FRPSULVLQJ WKH 'RRUGDUVKDQ 7HOHYLVLRQ
1HWZRUNDQG$OO,QGLD5DGLRZKLFKZHUHHDUO\PHGLDXQLWV
RIWKH0LQLVWU\RI,QIRUPDWLRQDQG%URDGFDVWLQJVRUHSRUWV
3DFLILF 6HUYLFH $W OHDVW RQH VXSSRUW JURXS KRSHV VR
QDPHO\ WKH 6XSSRUWHUV RI $XVWUDOLDQ %URDGFDVWLQJ LQ $VLD
DQGWKH3DFLILF
a ,NHHSPHQWLRQLQJ5DGLR1DFLRQDO$UFKDQJHOLQ$UJHQWLQH
*RRJOH±*/' $QWDUFWLFD RQ  N+] \HW QRERG\ UHSRUWV LW )RU WKH
:HOOHVVHQWLDOO\3%ZRXOGFUHDWHDQ³$,5:RUOG6HUYLFH´ UHFRUG WKLV VWDWLRQ LV RQ IURP  87& 7XHVGD\
DQGZRXOGDOVR³H[SORUH´ KLULQJDLUWLPHRQWUDQVPLWWHUVRXW 7KXUVGD\WRDOVR87&DOOLQ6SDQLVK
VLGH ,QGLD 7KH IXOO DUWLFOH LQ WKH +LQGX 1HZV DOVR VHH
KWWSSUDVDUEKDUDWLJRYLQ!LVVRPHZKDWORQJDQGFRQIXV
LQJEXWWKHERWWRPOLQHLVLWZRQ¶WKDSSHQVRRQVRWKH
VKRUWZDYHWUDQVPLWWHUVRI$OO,QGLD5DGLRDUHLQQRLPPHGL
DWHGDQJHU7KHUH¶VVWLOODORWWREHVRUWHGRXW%XWWKHUHDUH
WRRPDQ\XQQHUYLQJHFKRHVRIVLPLODU%%&'HXWVFKH:HOOH
1RUWKHUQ (XURSHDQ DQG RWKHU ZHDNNQHHG EURZQRXW
VSLOORYHUV
FR&4 PDJD]LQH
7KLV:50,46/PDUNVWKHVRXWKHUQPRVWSRLQWLQWKH86
MXVWPLOHVIURP&XED
 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH
a $QRWKHU RQH UDUHO\ UHSRUWHG LV WKH VRFDOOHG ([WHUQDO
6HUYLFHRI5DGLR$IJKDQLVWDQVFKHGXOHGDWRQ
<RXKDYHWRZRQGHU³:K\GRWKH\ERWKHU"´ 0D\EH
³([WHUQDO´ UHIHUVWRQH[WGRRU3DNLVWDQ"
a 5DGLR6XOWDQDWHRI2PDQKDVLQGHHGIRUJRQHWKHXVH
RIN+]LQIDYRURIN+](QJOLVKLVFDUULHGIURP
87&RWKHUZLVHLW¶V$UDELFIURP87&WRLWV
87&FORVH
a 7KH 9RLFH RI 1LJHULD QRZ XVHV  N+] LQ (QJOLVK
DURXQG87&WRSDVW87&
a 7KH6RORPRQ,VODQGV%URDGFDVWLQJ&RUSRUDWLRQKDVUHDF
WLYDWHGN+]WRFORVHDW87&
a 7KH9RLFHRIWKH(ULWUHDQ/RZODQGVLVDQHZRSSRVLWLRQ
EURDGFDVWHUDLULQJIURP87&RQN+]YLD
)UDQFH
a 5DGLR *XLQHD LV QRZ UHSRUWHG WR KDYH (QJOLVK RQ
6XQGD\VDW87&RQN+]
a 5DGLR$SLQWHLQ3DUDPDULER6XULQDPHLVVDLGWRKDYH
EHHQRIIWKHDLUIRUDZKLOHGXHWRDODFNRIVSDUHSDUWV7KDW
VKRUWDJHKDVEHHQUHVROYHGDQGWKHVWDWLRQLVQRZEDFNRQ
LWVXVXDON+]IUHTXHQF\
a 7ZRQHZ³VWXGLREURDGFDVWV´ KDYHEHHQGLVFRYHUHGIURP
$GYHQWLVW:RUOG5DGLR$:5YLD0DGDJDVFDURQN+]
IURP87&DQG$:5*KDQDRQN+]IURP
87&QRWHV5DOSK3HUU\
Leading Logs
5HPHPEHU \RXU VKRUWZDYH EURDGFDVW VWDWLRQ ORJV DUH
DOZD\VZHOFRPH%XWSOHDVH HQVXUHWRGRXEOHRUWULSOHVSDFH
EHWZHHQWKHLWHPVOLVWHDFKORJJLQJDFFRUGLQJWRWKHVWD
WLRQ¶VKRPHFRXQWU\ DQGLQFOXGH\RXUODVWQDPHDQGVWDWH
DEEUHYLDWLRQDIWHUHDFK$OVRQHHGHGDUHVSDUH46/VVWD
WLRQVFKHGXOHVEURFKXUHVSHQQDQWVVWDWLRQSKRWRVDQGDQ\
WKLQJHOVH\RXWKLQNZRXOGEHRILQWHUHVW7KHVDPHKROGVIRU
\RXDPDWHXUVZKRDOVROLVWHQWRVKRUWZDYHEURDGFDVWV<RX
WRRDUHDOVRPRVWZHOFRPHWRFRQWULEXWH
+HUHDUHWKLVPRQWK¶VOHDGLQJORJV$OOWLPHVDUHLQ87&
,I QR ODQJXDJH LV PHQWLRQHG (QJOLVK LV DVVXPHG $IWHU
\RX¶YHUHDGWKHSULQWHGORJV\RX¶OOILQGPRUHRQOLQHDWZZZ
FTSOXVOLVWHQLQJSRVWEORJFRP!
 %2/,9,$²(PLVVRUD3LR;,,6LJOR9LHQWHSRVVLEO\RQ
DWZRPDQVSHDNLQJ6SDQLVKZLWKPXVLFEULGJH3RRU
ZLWK450IURP:50,RQ7D\ORU:,
5DGLR6DQWD&UX]6DQWD&UX]DWZLWKSOHDVDQW
6SDQLVKSRSPXVLF3HUU\,/
,1',$²$OO,QGLD5DGLR%HQJDODUXZLWKVXEFRQWL
QHQWDO VRQJV DQG DQQRXQFHPHQWV LQ 3DVKWR DW 
%URVVHOO:,
.8:$,7²5DGLR.XZDLWDWZLWK4XU¶DQUHFLWD
WLRQV%URVVHOO:,WRFORVHDWZLWKPL[RI$UDELF
UDS KLVWRU\ RI (QJOLVK VODQJ LQWR (QJOLVK QHZV DQG FRP
PHQWDU\1LNROLFK12943HUU\,/'¶$QJHOR3$
0$/,²579GX0DOLDWZLWKVRQJVLQYHUQDFX
ODUXVLQJVWULQJDQGZLQGLQVWUXPHQWV6HOOHUV%&
23326,7,21²5DGLR1GDUDVRQ,QWHUQDWLRQDOSRVVLEO\YLD
)UDQFHWR&KDGDWZLWKPDQVSHDNLQJLQ.DQXUL
6HOOHUV %&  DW  LQ .DQXUL &ORVHG DW 
%URVVHOO:,
5DGLR6LQLW(ULWUHDYLD)UDQFHWR(ULWUHDDW
VLJQLQJ RQ ZLWK ,6 ,' DQG VRPH ZRQGHUIXOO\ IXQN\ +2$
PXVLF3HUU\,/
5DGLR7DPD]XMYLD0DGDJDVFDUWR6RXWK6XGDQ
DW  LQ 6XGDQHVH $UDELF 3RVVLEOH QHZV PHQWLRQV RI
6XGDQVRXQGHIIHFWVEHWZHHQLWHPV6HOOHUV%&
(\H 5DGLR YLD )UDQFH WR 6RXWK 6XGDQ  LQ
6XGDQHVHDW%URVVHOO:,
5DGLR'DS/RL6RQJ1XL7DLZDQWR9LHWQDPDW
LQ 9LHWQDPHVH EULHI PXVLF DQG RII DW  SHU VFKHGXOH
7D\ORU:,
5DG\R'HQJH:DODWYLD)UDQFHWR7XUNH\DW 5HJXODUUHSRUWHU0DUN7D\ORUHGLWVWKHZHHNO\)ODVKHHWIRU
LQ.XUGLVKDQGPDQDQGZRPDQUHDGLQJWKHQHZV6HOOHUV WKH 1RUWK $PHULFDQ 6KRUWZDYH $VVRFLDWLRQ 1$6:$
%&LQ$UDELFDW%URVVHOO:, ZZZQDVZDQHW!

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 5HSXEOLF RI <HPHQ 5DGLR S YLD Back in the Day QDPH ,I \RX GRQ¶W KDYH D FRS\ \RX
6DXGL$UDELDWR<HPHQDW 5DGLR %DIRXVVDP %DIRXVVDP &DP VKRXOGFDOOWKHPDWRU
ZLWK $UDELF DQQRXQFHU DQG 0LGGOH HURRQDWRQ1RYHPEHU HPDLO G[#XQLYHUVDOUDGLRFRP! DQG
(DVWHUQVW\OHPXVLF7D\ORU:,
0RUHORJVDWZZZFTSOXVOLVWHQLQJ
SRVWEORJFRP!
Quien Sabe (Who Knows?)
a )RU ZHHNV PD\EH PRQWKV VRPH
(XURSHDQ';HUVKDYHEHHQUHSRUWLQJD
P\VWHU\ (J\SWLDQ VWDWLRQ LQ WKH 
PHWHU EDQG SOD\LQJ SULPDULO\ $UDELF
PXVLF,W¶VEHHQUHSRUWHGRQN+]
DQGRUN+]DURXQGRUDIWHU
87&,JXHVVPRVWRIRXUJX\VDUHQ¶WXS
DWWKDWKRXU
a -RKQ)LJOLR]]L1<QRWHVDSX]]OH
RQN+]DURXQG87&DLULQJ
D GLVWRUWHG VLJQDO ZKLFK IHDWXUHG VRIW
IHPDOH YRFDOV VRXQGLQJ OLNH &KLQHVH
SRSEDOODGV-RKQJXHVVHVLWPLJKWEH
&5,YLD&XED
LQLWVNLORZDWWGRPHVWLFVHUYLFH
LQ )UHQFK
Just Sayin’
,IRXQGDGHOLJKWIXOVXUSULVHLQP\PDLO
ER[WKHRWKHUGD\7KHQHZ8QLYHUVDO
FDWDORJHGLWLRQ$$VXVXDOLW¶VDQ
DPD]LQJ SDFNDJH RI UDGLR JRRGLHV
QHDUO\SDJHVILOOHGZLWKHYHU\WKLQJ
IURP VKRUWZDYH UHFHLYHUV VFDQQHUV
KDPWUDQVPLWWHUVWUDQVFHLYHUVDQWHQ
QDVFRQQHFWRUVERRNVRQHYHU\UDGLR
VXEMHFW DQG WRR PDQ\ RWKHU DUHDV WR
DVNIRUDFRS\
Thanks for Your Logs
+LJKILYHVDQGVDOXWHVWR0DUN7D\ORU
0DGLVRQ :, 0LNH 1LNROLFK 1294
&KLFDJR,/5DOSK3HUU\:KHDWRQ,/
5LFK '¶$QJHOR :\RPLVVLQJ 3$
+DUROG 6HOOHUV 9HUQRQ %& %RE
%URVVHOO 3HZDXNHH :, 5LFN %DUWRQ
(O 0LUDJH $= DQG -RKQ )LJOLR]]L
+DOIPRRQ1<
8QWLOQH[WPRQWK.HHSRQNHHSLQ¶
RQDQG&HOHEUDWH6KRUWZDYH

QSL Quests
(G .XVDOLN UHSRUWV DQ H46/ IURP
)ROORZ WKH %LEOH 0LQLVWULHV YLD $VFHQ
VLRQ RQ  N+] 7KH\ GRQ¶W KDYH
46/FDUGVEXWGLGHQFORVHDSKRWRRI
WKHWUDQVPLWWHUVLWH

7KHVHSODQWVFDOOHGVHDRDWVDUHQHDUWKLV$WODQWLFFRDVWEHDFKVRPHPLOHV
HDVWRIWKH:50,DQWHQQDV

5DGLR-DSDQQHYHUIDLOVWRWUHDWXVZLWK
DWWUDFWLYH46/GHVLJQVDQGFRPSOHWH
SURJUDPVFKHGXOHV 5DGLR6W+HOHQDZDVRQWKHDLUIRUMXVWRQHGD\D\HDUEDFNLQWKHV

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 OUR READERS SAY...
More About Super Capacitors
:$1'0¶V0D\³0DWK¶V1RWHV´FROXPQRQVXSHUFDSDF
LWRUV DV SRZHU VRXUFHV FRQWLQXHV WR JHQHUDWH UHDGHU
FRPPHQW
,UZLQ
,MXVWUHDG\RXUDUWLFOHRQVXSHUFDSDFLWRUVLQWKH0D\ UHFWEXWQRZ,¶GOLNHWRILOO\RXLQRQ³WKHUHVWRIWKHVWRU\´7KH
LVVXHRI&4 PDJD]LQH,¶GOLNHWRPHQWLRQWKDW,¶YHEHHQXVLQJ
WKHVHGHYLFHVDVDEDWWHU\UHSODFHPHQWIRU\HDUV,EXLOWXS
DQDUUD\RIDGR]HQ)DUDGYROWGHYLFHVDQGKDYH
EHHQXVLQJWKHPLQVWHDGRIDOHDGDFLGEDWWHU\LQP\PRWRU
F\FOHIRUWKHODVWIRXURUILYH\HDUV,¶PXVLQJ0D[ZHOOEUDQG
HGGHYLFHVDQGWKHLUVHOIGLVFKDUJHLVTXLWHORZ,FDQJHWD
JRRGVHFRQGVRIFUDQNLQJDFROGFFHQJLQHDIWHU VLW
WLQJWKURXJKWKHZKROH,RZDZLQWHU
Underground Antennas
7KHIROORZLQJOHWWHULVLQUHVSRQVHWR:$1'0¶V-XQHFRO
XPQ³$:HOO*URXQGHG$OWHUQDWLYHWR5DGLR"´
,UZLQ
(YHU\WKLQJ\RXVDLGDERXWXQGHUJURXQGDQWHQQDVZDVFRU
VWDQGDUGUDGLRDQWHQQDLQ:RUOG:DUZDVDIRRWVWHHO
WRZHU WKDW DWWUDFWHG DUWLOOHU\ 7KH RQO\ WKLQJ WKDW WKH UDGLR
RSHUDWRUVFRXOGXVHQHDUWKHWUHQFKHVZDVIRRWORQJFRS
SHUZLUHRQIRRWEDPERRSROHV
7KLV RXWILW RIWHQ DWWUDFWHG VQLSHUV &RPPXQLFDWLRQV ZDV
RIWHQGRZQWRDRQHOLQHWHOHJUDSKWKDWZHQWIURPRQHSRLQW
WRDQRWKHUZLWKDVLQJOHZLUH7RPDNHDFRPSOHWHFLUFXLWWKH
NH\VRXQGHUZDVJURXQGHGZLWKDED\RQHWRUVRPHWKLQJVLP
0\FDSDFLWRUDUUD\LVVL]HGWRRFFXS\WKHVDPHYROXPH
DVWKHEDWWHU\LWUHSODFHV\HWLWLVFRPSOHWHO\PDLQWHQDQFH
IUHH1RDGGLQJZDWHUQRIORDWFKDUJLQJQRGDQJHURIIUHH]
LQJ7KHFRVWLVWKDWWKHGHYLFHVDUHH[SHQVLYHDQGWKHFRQ
VWUDLQWLVWKDW\RXRQO\JHWVHFRQGVFUDQNLQJEHIRUH
WKH\¶UHGLVFKDUJHG,ILJXUHGWKDWLIRQHQHHGVWRFUDQNDQ
HQJLQHORQJHUWKDQWKDWWKHUHDUHRWKHUSUREOHPVDQ\ZD\
LODU7KLVPHDQWWKHFLUFXLWUHWXUQZDVWKURXJKWKHJURXQG
1RWKLQJNHSWWKH*HUPDQVRUWKH$OOLHVVWLFNLQJWKHLURZQ
ED\RQHWVLQWKHJURXQGDQGSLFNLQJXSWKHFLUFXLWUHWXUQIURP
DFURVVWKHWUHQFKHV
,DPGRLQJVRPHUHVHDUFKDQGSODQWRZULWHRQWKHVXEMHFW
2QH RI P\ VRXUFHV LV WKH GLDU\ RI D *HUPDQVSHDNLQJ
,ULVKPDQLQWKH)LJKWLQJWK1HZ<RUNUHVHUYHV+HZRXOG
VRWKHFDSDFLWRUVDUHQ¶WWKHZHDNHVWOLQN
,GLGURXWHDZLUHKDUQHVVRXWRIWKHEDWWHU\FRPSDUW
PHQWWRWKHH[WHULRURIWKHPRWRUF\FOH7KLVLVWHUPLQDWHGZLWK
DRUDPS3RZHUSROHFRQQHFWRUVDOYDJHGIURPDFRP
SXWHU836$ORQJZLWKWKDW,NHHSDMXPSHUFDEOHZLWKPDW
LQJFRQQHFWRULQWKHVWRUDJHFRPSDUWPHQWRIWKHPRWRUF\FOH
XVH WKDW WHFKQLTXH WR OLVWHQ WR *HUPDQ WUDIILF DQG VHQG
UHSRUWVWRKLJKHUKHDGTXDUWHUV2QO\DQLGLRWZRXOGWKLQNWKDW
WKH *HUPDQV ZHUH QRW GRLQJ WKH VDPH WKLQJ 7KHUH ZHUH
DERXWDGR]HQ$PHULFDQLQWHUFHSWVWDWLRQVDQGWKHUHZDVQR
PHQWLRQRI)UHQFKRU%ULWLVKDFWLYLW\7KHJX\ZKRZURWHWKH
GLDU\ZDVDVHUJHDQWVRKHSUREDEO\MXVWZDVQ¶WFOHDUHGIRU
³MXVWLQFDVH´WKRXJK,¶YHQRW\HWQHHGHGLW
,¶YHDOVRGHVLJQHGDVLPLODUDUUD\RIWKHVDPHGHYLFHVWR
EHXVHGRQWKHRXWSXWVRIDYHU\ODUJHYROW'&VXSSO\
WKDWGRHVQ¶WKDYHHQRXJKLQVWDQWDQHRXVFDSDFLW\WRVWDUW
WKHPRWRUJHQHUDWRUXVHGLQWKH&ROOLQV$57WUDQVPLW
WHU:KHQWKHFDSDFLWRUERDUGLVLQVWDOOHGDFURVVWKHRXW
SXWVRIWKH'&VXSSO\WKHWUDQVPLWWHUFDQEHXVHGZLWKRXW
WULSSLQJ WKH FXUUHQW OLPLW RQ WKH VXSSO\ :KLOH , GHVLJQHG
WKH FDSDFLWRU DUUD\ P\ IRUPHU FRZRUNHU .$‘<64 LV
PRUHIDPLOLDUZLWKWKDWVSHFLILFLQVWDOODWLRQ
7KDQNVIRUWKHDUWLFOH,DJUHHWKH\DUHYHU\XVHIXOGHYLFHV
WKDWNLQGRILQIRUPDWLRQ
$IWHUWKHZDU,VDZVRPHDGVLQ467DGYHUWLVLQJXQGHU
JURXQG DQWHQQD HTXLSPHQW IRU VDOH 0\ HQJLQHHU IULHQGV
KDYHWROGPHWKHDQWHQQDXQGHUJURXQGLQZHWVRLOMXVWLVQ¶W
DVJRRGDVRQHKDPVZRXOGSXWXSLQWUHHVHWF%XWDIWHUWKH
ZDUQRERG\ZDVVKRRWLQJDWKDPVVRWKH\JDYHXSRQXQGHU
JURXQGDQWHQQDV
7KDQNVIRUWKHJRRGZULWLQJ
±%RE6WXUWHYDQW$',/
&RRV %D\2UHJRQ
ZLWKPXFKH[FXVHWKHSXQSRWHQWLDO :$1'0UHSOLHV
±$GULDQ.5‘16 7KDQN\RXYHU\PXFKIRUWKHLQIRUPDWLRQ7KHUHWXUQZDV
WKHJURXQGEXWWKHHOHYDWHGLQVXODWHGZLUHZDV WKHUHVWRI
:$1'0UHSOLHV WKHFLUFXLW7KHV\VWHP,GHVFULEHGXVHGERWKOHDGVJURXQG
:LWKUHJDUGWR$GULDQ¶VDSSOLFDWLRQZKDWKHKDVGRQHLV HGDQGUHOLHGRQWKHIDFWWKDWWKHUHVLVWDQFHEHWZHHQWKHWZR
ZKDW,DOZD\VWU\WRSURIHVV8VHWHFKQRORJ\LQDXQLTXH OHDGVZDVQRW]HUREXWVRPHVPDOODPRXQW,I\RXWKLQNDERXW
ZD\0DQ\FOHYHULGHDVVWDUWZLWKDFOHYHUDSSOLFDWLRQRID LWWKHUHVLVWDQFHEHWZHHQDOORWKHUSRLQWVRQWKHJURXQGDOVR
QHZSURGXFWWRVROYHDQROGSUREOHPPDQ\RIWKHPIURP ZDVQRW]HUR6LQFHDOORIWKHVHORZUHVLVWDQFHVZHUHDFWX
DPDWHXUUDGLRH[SHULPHQWHUVZKRWKLQN³RXWVLGHWKHER[´
,I RQH FRQVLGHUV WKDW VXSHU FDSDFLWRUV ZLOO LPSURYH DQG
EHFRPHOHVVH[SHQVLYHDVWLPHJRHVRQSHUKDSVWKHGD\
ZLOOFRPHZKHQEDWWHULHVZLOOEHFRPHREVROHWH,WLVWUXHWKDW
GXSOLFDWLQJ$GULDQ¶VDSSOLFDWLRQWRGD\ZLOOEHH[SHQVLYH«
EXW WKDW LV WRGD\ $V WLPH DQG PDQXIDFWXULQJ SURFHVVHV
SURJUHVVZK\QRWKDYHLQH[SHQVLYHVXSHUFDSDFLWRUVLQWKH
WKRXVDQGV RU HYHQ PLOOLRQV RI IDUDGV" )RU H[DPSOH ZKR
DOO\LQSDUDOOHOZLWKHDFKRWKHULI\RXSXPSHGHQRXJKVLJQDO
LQWRWKHWUDQVPLWWLQJOHDGV\RXZRXOGJHWVRPHVLJQDODWWKH
UHFHLYLQJ OHDGV 6LQFH WKH DPRXQW RI VLJQDO UHFHLYHG ZDV
YHU\VPDOOWKHGLVWDQFHZDVOLPLWHG$V,PHQWLRQHG,DFWX
DOO\WULHGWKLVDQGFRXOGJHWDIHZKXQGUHGIHHWZLWKDZDWW
DXGLRDPSOLILHU,I,KDGDKLJKHUSRZHUDPSOLILHUQRGRXEW,
FRXOGJRIDUWKHU7KHRULJLQDOVLJQDOZDVSODLQDXGLR1RZLI
VRPHRQHWKRXJKWLWRXWFDUHIXOO\SHUKDSVXVLQJDFDUULHU
HYHU WKRXJKW WKDW WKH &57 FDWKRGH UD\ WXEH ZRXOG EH N+]IRUH[DPSOHDQGDPSOLWXGHRUIUHTXHQF\PRGXODWHG
UHSODFHG E\ D IODW SDQHO GHYLFH XOWLPDWHO\ WKLQQHU LQ IXOO LWZLWKDILOWHUDWWKHUHFHLYHHQGN+]SHUKDSVRQHFRXOG
FRORUDQGZLWKRXWWKHQHHGIRUKLJKYROWDJHV"7KDQNVIRU JRIDUWKHUDQGHYHQKDYHVRPHVHOHFWLYLW\ZLWKGLIIHUHQWFDU
WKHLQIRUPDWLRQ$GULDQDQGIRUZKDWHYHULWLVZRUWK,WUXO\ ULHUV%XWWKDWZDVGXULQJZDUWLPHDQGWKHVWUHVVSUREDEO\
UHVSHFW\RXUHIIRUW LQWHUIHUHGZLWKWKLQNLQJ
± 6LQFHUHO\
,UZLQ &RQWLQXHGRQSDJH

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 KIT-BUILDING
BY JOE EISENBERG,* KØNEB

Curing AM Broadcast Loudmouths and a new Dummy

:
LWK WKH IDOO PRQWKV DSSURDFK
LQJLWLVWLPHWRORRNDWRQHRI
WKH PRVW FRPPRQ SUREOHPV
IDFLQJEXLOGHUVZKHQLWFRPHVWRUHFHLY
HUNLWV2WKHUWKDQWKHJUHDW0XUDQLDNLW
UHFHSWLRQ RI VLJQDOV FRPLQJ IURP WKH
$0EURDGFDVWEDQGRQVLPSOHUHJHQ
HUDWLYHVKRUWZDYHUHFHLYHUVDVZHOODV
GLUHFW FRQYHUVLRQ UHFHLYHUV KDV EHHQ
DQ XQZDQWHG FRQVHTXHQFH RI WKHVH
GHVLJQV
6LPSOHGLUHFWFRQYHUVLRQDQGUHJHQ
HUDWLYHUHFHLYHUVRIWHQVXIIHUIURPDODFN
RIUHMHFWLRQRIVWURQJ$0EURDGFDVWVLJ
QDOV )RU VRPH KDPV WKLV LV QRW DQ
LVVXHVLQFHWKH\OLYHIDUDZD\IURPDQ
$0 EURDGFDVW WUDQVPLWWHU VLWH 2WKHUV
VXIIHUIURPDFRQVWDQWEDUUDJHRIQHDU
E\$0VLJQDOVPDNLQJLWQHDUO\LPSRV
VLEOH WR HQMR\ PDQ\ RI WKH UHFHLYHUV ,
KDYH ZULWWHQ DERXW 7KHUH LV ILQDOO\ D
ORZFRVWVROXWLRQIRUWKLVSUREOHPDQG
\HVLWFRPHVLQWKHIRUPRIDQHZNLWE\
WKH )RXU 6WDWH 453 *URXS 'DYLG
&ULSH 10‘6 GHVLJQHG WKH 6 +LJK
3DVV )LOWHU ZLWK WKLV SUREOHP LQ PLQG
/LYLQJLQWKH&HGDU5DSLGV,RZDDUHD
KHIRXQGWKHFRPELQDWLRQRIQHDUE\$0
VWDWLRQV RQ  DQG  N+] ZDV
FDXVLQJKLPDOOVRUWVRISUREOHPV
&RXQWOHVV RWKHU KDPV KDYH SRLQWHG
RXWVLPLODULVVXHV'DYLGGHVLJQHGWKLV
ILOWHUWRDOORZIRUWKHVHVLPSOHUHFHLYHU
RUWUDQVFHLYHUNLWVWRRSHUDWHLQDUHDV
EHVHW E\ VWURQJ EURDGFDVW VLJQDOV
7KHSDUWVPDNLQJXSWKH6+LJK3DVV)LOWHUNLW
:KHQ,VDZWKHILOWHUSHUIRUPDQFHJUDSK
KH SUHVHQWHG DW 2]DUNFRQ , WKRXJKW
WKDWWKLVZRXOGEHJUHDWLILWGLGZKDWKH
VDLG LW ZRXOG  &RQVWUXFWLRQ RI WKLV NLW WKH WRS FRYHU DUH SXW WRJHWKHU VR WKH RIILQHVDQGSDSHUWRVPRRWKWKHURXJK
FRQVLVWVRIPRVWO\ZRUNLQJZLWKWKHFLU HQWLUHFDVHLVUHDG\WRJR7KHFDSDFL HGJHV RQ DOO WKH 3& ERDUG SLHFHV VR
FXLWERDUGSLHFHVWRDVVHPEOHWKHPDLQ WRUVDUHPRXQWHGQH[WIROORZHGE\WKH WKH\ILWWRJHWKHUFRUUHFWO\
ERDUGDQGWKHFRYHU7KHUHDUHRQO\ILYH WZR %1& FRQQHFWRUV DQG ILQDOO\ WKH
FDSDFLWRUVDQGWZR%1&FRQQHFWRUVWR FDVH:LWKDPLQLPXPRISDUWVLQYROYHG On-Air Test
VROGHUWRWKHPDLQERDUG7KHLQGXFWRUV PRVW EXLOGHUV FDQ FRPSOHWH WKLV NLW LQ 7RWHVWP\6+LJK3DVV)LOWHU,FRQ
DUH VSLUDOZRXQG FRLOV RQ WKH FLUFXLW OHVVWKDQDQKRXU6RPHRIWKHFDSDFL QHFWHG P\ PHWHU GRXEOH %D]RRND
ERDUG VLPLODU WR WKRVH IRXQG RQ WKH WRUVDUHVROGHUHGWRSDGVRQWKHERDUG DQWHQQD WR P\ ,&20 ,& DQG
6453&ULFNHWVHULHVRINLWV LQ³3LWWVEXUJK´VW\OHDQGWKHRWKHUWZR ORRNHGDWWKHVLJQDOVWUHQJWKRIP\WZR
JRWKURXJKKROHV ORFDO$0VWDWLRQVDVZHOODVRWKHUVWURQJ
Assembling the 4S High 7KHPDLQWKLQJVWREHZDWFKIXORIDUH $0 EURDGFDVW VLJQDOV IURP 2PDKD
Pass Filter HQVXULQJ WKDW ERWK WKH PDLQ ERDUG 7ZR RI P\ FORVHVW ORFDO VWDWLRQV DUH
7KHDVVHPEO\VWDUWVZLWKSXWWLQJWRJHWK DVVHPEO\DQGWKHWRSFRYHUDVVHPEO\ DERXWWRPLOHVIURPP\KRXVHEXW
HUWKHWKUHH3&ERDUGSLHFHVWKDWPDNH SLHFHV DUH VWUDLJKW ZKHQ VROGHUHG UXQDERXWNLORZDWWDQGWKHWKLUGVWD
XSWKHPDLQERDUG$IWHUWKDWDVVHPEO\ WRJHWKHU,XVHGHOHFWULFDOWDSHWRKROG WLRQLVDELWIDUWKHUEXWUXQVNLORZDWWV
LVFUHDWHGWKHIRXUSLHFHVWKDWPDNHXS P\FRYHUDVVHPEO\WRJHWKHUIRUVROGHU $OOVWDWLRQVDSSHDUHGWREH6RU
LQJWREHVXUHLWZDVVWUDLJKWDQGKDG PRUHEHIRUHWKHILOWHUZDVLQVWDOOHGDQG
JRRGULJKWDQJOHVDVVXULQJWKDWDOOWKH QRQH FRXOG HYHQ PRYH WKH 6PHWHU
<RVHPLWH'ULYH/LQFROQ1( SLHFHVZRXOGILWWRJHWKHURQILQDODVVHP RQFHWKHILOWHUZDVLQVWDOOHG/LVWHQLQJ
HPDLONQHE#FTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP! EO\8VHDQHPHU\ERDUGRUVPDOOSLHFH WKHVLJQDOVZHUHLQWKHQRLVHOHYHORIWKH

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

7KHWRSRIWKH6+3ILOWHUFDVHWDSHGWRJHWKHUWR
EHJLQVROGHULQJWKHFRUQHUVWRJHWKHU

7KHPDLQERDUGVROGHUHGWRJHWKHUDQGUHDG\IRUWKH
FDSDFLWRUVWREHPRXQWHG

UHFHLYHU1R2PDKDVLJQDOVFRXOGHYHQ
EHKHDUGDWDOOZLWKWKHILOWHULQWKHVLJ
QDOSDWKLQFOXGLQJDNLORZDWWVWDWLRQ
DERXWPLOHVDZD\7XQLQJWRWKH
PHWHUEDQGWKHUHZDVQRDWWHQXDWLRQ
DQGWKHUDGLRFRXOGKHDUQRUPDOO\
7KLV ILOWHU REYLRXVO\ DWWHQXDWHV WKH
PHWHU EDQG VLJQLILFDQWO\ DQG VR
FDQRQO\EHXVHGRQPHWHUVDQGKLJK
HULQIUHTXHQF\7KHPLQLPXPDWWHQXD
WLRQRIWKH$0EURDGFDVWEDQGLVG%
DQGWKLVILOWHUKDVWZRGHHSHUQRWFKHV
WKDWJRDVORZDVG%7KHUHLVOLW
WOHLQVHUWLRQORVVDQGLWZRUNVZHOOZLWK
WUDQVFHLYHUV<RXFDQRUGHUWKH6+LJK
3DVV )LOWHU DW ZZZVTUSFRP! IRU
LQFOXGLQJSRVWDJHLQWKH86

Third Planet Dummies

$WWKHULVNRIEHLQJFDOOHGDGXPP\, $OOSDUWVPRXQWHGRQWKHPDLQERDUGDQGDZDLWLQJILQDODVVHPEO\<RXFDQVHH
GHFLGHGWRDVVHPEOHDVPDOO453 WKHVSLUDOZRXQGLQGXFWRUVRQWKH3&ERDUGV
ZDWWGXPP\ORDGNLWIURP7KLUG3ODQHW
6RODUWKDWLVPDGHXSRIPRVWO\VXUIDFH
PRXQW60'SDUWV7KLVW\SHRIGXPP\
ORDGKDVEHHQDYDLODEOHEHIRUHEXWWKH
60''XPP\/RDGLVXQLTXHEHFDXVH
LW XVHV PXFK ODUJHU VXUIDFHPRXQW
SDUWV7KHVHDUHPXFKHDVLHUWRZRUN
ZLWK WKDQ WKH VPDOOHUVL]HG VXUIDFH
PRXQWSDUWVDQGPDNHWKLVNLWDJUHDW
LQWURGXFWLRQWRZRUNLQJZLWK60'FRP
SRQHQWV 7KH VNLOOV JDLQHG LQ DVVHP
EOLQJWKLVNLWZLOOSUHSDUH\RXIRUXVLQJ
VPDOOHUVL]HVRIVXUIDFHPRXQWSDUWV
7KH ERDUG KDV VXUIDFHPRXQW SDUWV
RQ ERWK VLGHV DORQJ ZLWK ODUJHVL]HG
SDGVPDNLQJIRUHDVLHUPRXQWLQJRIWKH 7KHILQLVKHG6
ODUJHVL]HG VXUIDFHPRXQW SDUWV 7KH +LJK3DVVILOWHU
PHWKRG,XVHGZDVWRVLPSO\SXWDWLQ\ UHDG\IRUWHVWLQJ

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 ELWRIVROGHURQRQHRIWKHWZRSDGVIRU
HDFKUHVLVWRUDQGWKHQXVLQJWZHH]HUV
KROGWKHUHVLVWRULQSODFHDQGKHDWXS
WKHHQGZLWKWKHVROGHURQWKHSDG7KLV
PHWKRGDGKHUHVWKHUHVLVWRUWRWKHSDG
DOORZLQJIRUWKHRWKHUVLGHWREHVROGHUHG
SURSHUO\ 7KHQ WKH ILUVW VLGH FDQ EH
UHVROGHUHGWREHWWHUKROGWKHUHVLVWRULQ
SODFH 7KHUH LV RQO\ RQH VPDOOHU VXU
IDFHPRXQW SDUW WKH GLRGH EXW XVLQJ
WKHVDPHPHWKRGLWLVHDVLO\SODFHG
,KDYHQRWVHHQDQRWKHUVXUIDFHPRXQW
NLWWKDWXVHVWKLVODUJHVW\OHRI60'SDUWV
PDNLQJIRUDQHDVLHULQWURGXFWLRQWRVXU
IDFHPRXQW SDUW FRQVWUXFWLRQ PHWKRGV
$GXPP\ORDGWKDWKDVSRZHUPHDVXU
LQJ FDSDELOLWLHV LV JUHDW WR KDYH ZKHQ
EXLOGLQJ453WUDQVPLWWHURUWUDQVFHLYHU
NLWV%HVXUHWRIROORZWKHGLUHFWLRQVFDUH
IXOO\ZKHQXVLQJWKLVGXPP\ORDGWRPHD
VXUH 453 RXWSXW SRZHU 7KH VXUIDFH
PRXQWGXPP\ORDGNLWFDQEHIRXQGDW
ZZZNFRQFRP!$GLUHFWOLQNWRWKH
SURGXFWSDJH%1&YHUVLRQLVDWKWWSV
WLQ\XUOFRP\YNNKS! 7KHUH LV D OLQN
IURPWKDWSDJHWRDQ60$YHUVLRQLIWKDW
EHWWHUILWV\RXUUDGLRV

The Right Stuff

)LQDOO\EHVXUHWRXVHWKHULJKWNLQGRI
VROGHU ZKHQ DVVHPEOLQJ \RXU NLWV
HVSHFLDOO\VXUIDFHPRXQWFRPSRQHQWV
, XVH  URVLQ FRUH QR FOHDQ LV
RSWLRQDODQGQRWKLFNHUWKDQLQFK
HV$Q\WKLFNHUDQG\RXUXQWKHULVNRI
FUHDWLQJ VROGHU EULGJHV ZKHQ ZRUNLQJ
7KH 7KLUG 3ODQHW 6RODU VXUIDFHPRXQW GXPP\ ORDG NLW KDV WKH VXUIDFHPRXQW ZLWKFORVHO\VSDFHGVROGHUSDGV
SDUWVFOHDUO\SDFNDJHGE\VWHSVLQWKHPDQXDO ± 8QWLOQH[WWLPHGH.‘1(%

6RPH RI WKH VXUIDFHPRXQW SDUWV DUH

VROGHUHGLQSODFHRQRQHVLGHDQGUHDG\ 7KH FRPSOHWHG VXUIDFHPRXQW GXPP\ ORDG NLW UHDG\ IRU XVH 0HDVXULQJ WKH
IRUWKHRWKHUVLGHWREHVROGHUHG UHVLVWDQFHDWWKHFRQQHFWRUVKRZVFORVHWRRKPV

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 2020-2021
calendar
Each year our calendar offers fifteen spectacular color images
relating to amateur radio: shacks and antennas from across the
country, DXpeditions to exotic places, and fellow hams enjoying the
hobby. $12.95
Calendars include dates of important Ham Radio events, major plus ship
ping
contests and other operating events, meteor showers, phases of the
moon, and other astronomical information, plus important and
popular holidays. CQ’s 15-month calendar (January 2020 through
March 2021) is a must have!

15 months of value
January 2020
through March 2021
2UGHU\RXUVWRGD\

6KLSSLQJFKDUJHV
86$&DQDGD0H[LFR
$OORWKHUFRXQWULHV

&4&RPPXQLFDWLRQV,QF
:HVW-RKQ 6WUHHW+LFNVYLOOH1<‡http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com
 EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS
BY WALT PALMER,* W4ALT
Do We Practice What We Preach?
5
HJXODUUHDGHUVRIWKLVFROXPQZLOOUHPHPEHUWKH0D\
 HGLWLRQ LQ ZKLFK ZH GLVFXVVHG P\ YLVLW WR D
UHJLRQDO(6)IXQFWLRQ ²$PDWHXU5DGLRDQGWKH
0HGLFDO&RPPXQLW\²LQ&DPGHQ1HZ-HUVH\2QHRI
WKHELJWDNHDZD\VIRUPHZDVWKHFRQFHSWRISUHFLVLRQ
PHVVDJLQJ
8VLQJDIHZRIWKHZRUGV,VSRWOLJKWHGLQWKHDUWLFOH,GHYHO
RSHGDQH[HUFLVHIRUP\ORFDO$X[&RPPJURXS$VRQHRI
WKHPDQDJHUVRIWKLVJURXSZHKDGPDQGDWHGWKHLQFRUSR
UDWLRQRIDVKRUWH[HUFLVHRQDTXDUWHUO\EDVLV7KHVHH[HU
FLVHVKHOSEUHDNWKHQRUPDOSDWWHUQRIDW\SLFDOPHHWLQJDQG
GULOOVKHOSNHHSVNLOOVVKDUS
7KLVSDUWLFXODUGULOOFRQVLVWHGRIERWKPHPEHUVDQGJXHVWV
LQDWWHQGDQFHDVZHOODVKRPHVWDWLRQVWKDWFRXOGQRWPDNH
WKHPHHWLQJ:HZHUHIRUWXQDWHWRKDYHWZRJXHVWKDPVMRLQ
7KHJXHVWUHFHLYHUZDVWKHQWDVNHGWRWUDQVPLWKLVPHV
VDJHWRDVHDVRQHGRSHUDWRU
7KLVLVDGULOO
GHSHQGHQWVDUHGHSHQHQWRQDSDLQSODQ
'HSHQGHQWKDVDIUDFWXURIILJPXU
$IUDFWXUHRIWKHKXPHURXVLVQRWKXPHURXV
7KLVLVGULOO
$V\RXFDQVHHDSUHFLVLRQPHVVDJHEHFDPHDQLJKWPDUH
:KLOHPRQLWRULQJHDFKWUDQVDFWLRQ,QRWHGWKDWRQO\WKHODVW
UHFHLYHUUHTXHVWHGDVSHOOLQJLQWKLVFDVH³KXPHURXV´7KH
RWKHU SUDFWLFH , REVHUYHG ZDV VORSS\ WUDQVPLWWLQJ 7KH
VHQGHUVWHQGHGWRUHDGWKHLUVHQWHQFHVTXLFNO\,QWZRFDVHV
UHFHLYHUVUHTXHVWHGUHSHDWVRIVHYHUDOVHQWHQFHV
XV DW WKH FRXQW\ (PHUJHQF\ 2SHUDWLRQV &HQWHU (2& $QRWKHU GHWHUUHQW WR WKH VXFFHVVIXO WUDQVPLVVLRQ RI WKLV
7KRVHLQDWWHQGDQFHZHUHSODFHGLQWRJURXSVRIWZRRUWKUHH PHVVDJHZDVVORSS\SHQPDQVKLS1RZ,KDYHQRURRPWR
SHRSOH7KH$X[&RPP/HDGHU$&/WKHQDVVLJQHGDQ$X[
&RPP*R.LWWRHDFKJURXSDQGWKHJURXSVZHUHGLVSDWFKHG
WR GLIIHUHQW URRPV LQ WKH (2& WR FRQVWUXFW WKHLU ULJV SXW
WRJHWKHU DQWHQQDV DQG ZKHQ GRQH WXQH UDGLRV WR DQ
DVVLJQHGIUHTXHQF\
7KHFRQFHSWRIP\SRUWLRQRIWKHH[HUFLVHZDVVLPSOH3DVV
DVKRUWPHVVDJHZLWKFRPSOH[ZRUGVDVDFFXUDWHO\DVSRV
VLEOH6RUWRIOLNHWKHROGJDPHRI³WHOHSKRQH´LQZKLFKDOLQH
RINLGVZRXOGZKLVSHUDVHQWHQFHIURPRQHHQGWRWKHRWKHU
,FUHDWHGDPHVVDJHRQDQ,&6IRUP ,VHOHFWHGWZR
RSHUDWRUVDVHDVRQHGORFDORSHUDWRUDQGDJXHVWDQGZLWK
WKHLU KDQGKHOGV WXQH WR D VLPSOH[ IUHTXHQF\ WR SDVV DQG
UHFHLYHWKHIROORZLQJPHVVDJH 3HQPDQVKLSFRXQWV.HHSLQPLQGWKDW\RXUIRUPVDUH
7KLVLVDGULOO
7KHGHSHQGHQWVDUHGHSHQGHQWRQDSODLQSODQH
7KHDIIOXHQWDUHIXOORIHIIOXHQW
$IUDFWXUHRIWKHKXPHURXVLVQRWKXPRURXV
7KLVLVDGULOO
,QWKHILUVWVFHQDULRDVHDVRQHGRSHUDWRUWUDQVPLWWHGWKLV
PHVVDJHWRDJXHVWRSHUDWRU
2K,IDLOHGWRPHQWLRQWKHWUDQVPLWWLQJRSHUDWRUVZHUHQRW
WRVSHOOZRUGVXQOHVVWKHUHFHLYLQJRSHUDWRUUHTXHVWHGLW
7KHILUVWSDVVZHQWYHU\ZHOO1RVSHOOLQJZDVUHTXHVWHG
7KH UHFHLYHU RQO\ IOXIIHG RQH EXW YHU\ FULWLFDO ZRUG
³+XPHURXV´ZDVFRSLHGDV³KXPRURXV´
,QWKHQH[WSDVVWKHILUVWUHFHLYHUEHFDPHWKHWUDQVPLWWHU
+HZDVWRSDVVWKHPHVVDJHKHUHFHLYHGWRWKHRWKHUJXHVW
RSHUDWRULQDWWHQGDQFH,WZDVGXULQJWKLVSDVVWKDWWKHZKHHOV
IHOORIIWKHEXV7KHDERYHPHVVDJHZDVKHDUGDQGFRSLHG
7KLVLVDGULOO
7KHHGHSHQWVDUHGHSHQWRQDSODLQSODLQ
7KHDIOQLWLVDIUHFWXHGRIDIDFPHURXV
$IUDFWHURIWKHKXUPLVLVQRWKXPHULV
7KLVLVDGULOO
HPDLOZDOW#FTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP!
 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH
FULWLFL]HDVP\SHQPDQVKLSKDVEHHQUDWHGORZHUWKDQWKDW
RIDGRFWRUZULWLQJDSUHVFULSWLRQEXWKDGWKLVPHVVDJHEHHQ
JLYHQWRDQRWKHURSHUDWRUWRWUDQVPLW,¶PQRWVXUHLWZRXOG
KDYHOHIWWKHJDWH
/HVVRQVOHDUQHGIURPWKLVH[HUFLVHLQFOXGHG
 6ORZ GRZQ UHDGLQJ ZRUGV DQG VHQWHQFHV HVSHFLDOO\
FRPSOH[SUHFLVLRQRUXQIDPLOLDUZRUGV
6SHDNVORZO\FOHDUO\DQGSUHFLVHO\
$VDUHFHLYHUGRQ¶WKHVLWDWHWRUHTXHVWVSHOOLQJRUUHSHDWV
,IWKHPHVVDJHGRHVQRWPDNHVRPHVRUWRIVHQVHWR\RX
DVNIRUFODULILFDWLRQ
WREHWXUQHGLQWREHFRPHDSDUWRIWKHRIILFLDOUHFRUGVRIWKH
LQFLGHQW,I\RXULQLWLDOQRWHWDNLQJLVLQ\RXUSHUVRQDOVKRUW
KDQGRUJO\SKVUHZULWHLWVRLWLVUHDGDEOHE\RWKHUV
$VWKHSURJUDPGLUHFWRURIDORFDOQHZVWDONUDGLRVWDWLRQ
,HPSOR\DGHYLFHNQRZQDVDVNLPPHUWRUHFRUGP\RQDLU
WDOHQW¶VSHUIRUPDQFHIRUODWHUUHYLHZ7DNHWLPHWRGRZKDW
WKHSURVGRDQGSUDFWLFHUHDGLQJPHVVDJHVRUVWRULHVIURP
WKHQHZVSDSHULQWRDUHFRUGHU3UDFWLFHSURQXQFLDWLRQPHV
VDJHFODULW\WLPLQJDQGGHOLYHU\
$OVRNHHSLQPLQGWKDWZHDVUDGLRRSHUDWRUVDUHWRGHOLY
HU PHVVDJHV DV SUHVHQWHG $V REVHUYHG LQ WKLV H[HUFLVH
FKDQFHVRIORVVRIOLIHZRXOGKDYHLQFUHDVHGGXHWRWKHLQDF
FXUDFLHVLQGXFHGGXULQJWKHSDVVLQJRIWKHPHVVDJH7UHDW
HDFKPHVVDJHDVLI\RXU OLIHGHSHQGHGRQLW
42 Years Later
$V,ZULWHWKLVPRQWK¶VRIIHULQJKLVWRU\KDVUHSHDWHGLWVHOI
,Q1HZ<RUN&LW\H[SHULHQFHGDWZRGD\SRZHURXW
DJH,Q-XO\RQWKHQG DQQLYHUVDU\RIWKHEODFN
RXWSDUWVRIWKHFLW\H[SHULHQFHGDSRZHUIDLOXUHWKDWODVW
HG VHYHUDO KRXUV 6KRZV RQ %URDGZD\ ZHUH FDQFHOOHG
3HRSOHZHUHUHVFXHGIURPHOHYDWRUV&HOOXODUV\VWHPVZHUH
MDPPHG
$SRZHUWUDQVIRUPHUH[SORVLRQLQWHUUXSWHGSRZHUWRWKRX
VDQGVRIEXVLQHVVHVDQGUHVLGHQWLDOEXLOGLQJV1HWZRUNWHOH
YLVLRQVWXGLRVRI1%&DQG&%6ZHUHRQWKHDLUSURGXFLQJ
 Serving Amateur Radio Since 1978

Full-line Dealer!
ICOM, KENWOOD, YAESU
Heil, LDG, Comet, Diamond, GAP,
Jetstream, Palstar, ARRL, CQ, MFJ,
Ameritron, Mirage, Nifty
and many more!

KJI Electronics
610 Pompton Avenue
Cedar Grove, NJ 07009
973-571-1930
www.kjielectronics.com

,PDJHVRI1HZ<RUN&LW\GXUQJ-XO\SRZHURXWDJH

HYHQLQJ QHZVFDVWV DQG ZHUH WHP HTXLSPHQW WUDQVPLWWHU DQG EXLOGLQJ Š

SRUDULO\ DIIHFWHG E\ WKH LQWHUUXSWLRQ HQYLURQPHQW UHVRXUFHV KHDW DF
)RUWXQDWHO\ WKH QHWZRUNV KDYH HPHU
JHQF\ SRZHU JHQHUDWLRQ WR NHHS YLWDO
HQJLQHHULQJDQGVWXGLRDUHDVDOLYH6R
WKH VKRZV GLG JR RQ ZLWK RQO\ PLQRU
LQWHUUXSWLRQ
7KHUH ZDV QR ZHDWKHU QR FLYLO GLV
REHGLHQFHQRDXWRPRELOHDFFLGHQWDQG
QRWHUURULVWWKUHDWWKDWFDXVHGWKLVEODFN
RXW7KLVZDVSODLQDQGVLPSOHDXWLOL
W\IDFLOLWLHVIDLOXUH
,IDVLPLODUXQH[SHFWHGVLWXDWLRQFDXV
HVDQH[WHQGHGEODFNRXWLQ\RXUDUHD
DUH\RXSUHSDUHG²WRGD\ULJKWQRZ²
WR FRPPXQLFDWH DQG VHOIVXVWDLQ IRU
VHYHUDOGD\V"$VZHNQRZIURPH[WHQG
HGZHDWKHURXWDJHVEDWWHULHVDQGJHQ
HUDWRUVRQO\IRUODVWVKRUWSHULRGV)XHO
LVDWDSUHPLXPLILWLVDYDLODEOHDWDOO
$W P\ FRPPHUFLDO EURDGFDVW IDFLOLW\ ,
KDYH D NLORZDWW JHQHUDWRU DQG 
JDOORQV RI GLHVHO IXHO FDSDEOH RI SUR
YLGLQJ SRZHU WR RSHUDWH EURDGFDVW
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
ZDWHUVDQLWDWLRQIRUXSWRWKUHHGD\V,
KDYH DQ DUUDQJHPHQW ZLWK RXU FRXQW\
(2&WKDWLIFRPPHUFLDOIXHORSHUDWRUV
QRWEHDEOHWRUHIXHOGXULQJDQH[WHQG
HG SHULRG WKH (2& ZLOO GLVSDWFK WKH
*XDUGZLWKDIXHOEXIIDORWRP\ORFDWLRQ
WRUHIXHOWRNHHSDSXEOLFUHVRXUFHRQ
WKHDLU :HUH\RXILUVWOLFHQVHG
1H[WPRQWKZH¶OOGLVFXVVWKHVXQDV
DQDOWHUQDWLYHSRZHUVRXUFH \HDUVDJRDQG
1RWHV OLFHQVHGWRGD\"
 (6) VWDQGV IRU (PHUJHQF\ 6XSSRUW
)XQFWLRQ 7KHUH DUH  GLIIHUHQW (6)V HDFK
FRRUGLQDWHGE\DVSHFLILFIHGHUDOJRYHUQPHQW Then you should join the
DJHQF\ (6)  LV 3XEOLF +HDOWK DQG 0HGLFDO
6HUYLFHVZKLFKRSHUDWHVXQGHUWKHDXVSLFHV
Quarter Century
RIWKH86'HSDUWPHQWRI+HDOWKDQG+XPDQ Wireless Association, Inc.
6HUYLFHV6HH0D\&4SIRUWKHFRP
SOHWHOLVWRI(6)V 7R-RLQRU5HQHZ9LVLW
 ,&6 LV WKH VWDQGDUG PHVVDJH IRUP
XVHGE\WKH,QFLGHQW&RPPDQG6\VWHPXVHG KWWSZZZTFZDRUJMRLQUHQHZSKS
E\HPHUJHQF\UHVSRQVHDJHQFLHVQDWLRQZLGH )RUPRUHLQIRUPDWLRQSOHDVHFRQWDFW
RP#TFZDRUJ
6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 
 COMMUNICATIONS HORIZONS
BY ROB DE SANTOS, K8RKD

Digitally Speaking

7
KHPRYHWRGLJLWDOKDVVZHSWWHOH 6LQFHWKHILUVWGD\VRI,%2&,Q%DQG2Q&KDQQHOLQWKH86
YLVLRQPDQ\SKDVHVRIKDPUDGLR WKHFHQWUDOJRDOZDVWRDOORZVWDWLRQVWRFRORFDWHWKHLUGLJLWDO
DQGHYHQEURDGFDVWUDGLRLQVRPH
SDUWVRIWKHZRUOG7KHUROORXWRIGLJLWDO DQGDQDORJVLJQDOVRQWKHVDPHFHQWUDOIUHTXHQF\
UDGLRIRUWKHPDVVHVKDVQ¶WJRQHQHDU
O\ DV VPRRWKO\ KHUH LQ WKH 86 DQG
&DQDGD,GRQ¶WLPDJLQHWKHUHDUHPDQ\
UHDGHUV ZKR KDYHQ¶W KHDUG RI ³+'
5DGLR´ RU ,%2& EXW QHDUO\ DV PDQ\
DUHQ¶WIDQVIRUWKH³QRLVH´LWFUHDWHVSDU Analog
Lower Digital Audio Signal Upper Digital
WLFXODUO\RQWKH$0EDQG5HFHQWPRYH
PHQWLQWKHEURDGFDVWLQGXVWU\VXJJHVWV Sidebands (Mono) Sidebands
WKLVPLJKWEHDERXWWRFKDQJH6HH&4
-XO\1HZV%\WHV'LJLWDO2QO\$0
%URDGFDVWLQJ" Primary Secondary Tertiary Tertiary Secondary Primary

Primary Lower
Why Are We Here? Sideband Amplitude Reference Reference
Primary Upper
6LQFHWKHILUVWGD\VRI,%2&,Q%DQG scaled by CHPL Lower Upper
Sideband
2Q&KDQQHO LQ WKH 86 WKH FHQWUDO Amplitude
scaled by
JRDOZDVWRDOORZVWDWLRQVWRFRORFDWH CHPU
WKHLUGLJLWDODQGDQDORJVLJQDOVRQWKH
VDPHFHQWUDOIUHTXHQF\7KLVDOORZHG
IRUVWDWLRQVWREURDGFDVWLQERWKPRGHV
DQGQRWKDYHWRJHWDVHFRQGIUHTXHQ
F\ LQ D GLIIHUHQW EDQG ,Q WKHRU\ WKLV
ZDVDOVREHWWHUIRUPDUNHWLQJDQGOLV
WHQHUV 5DGLRV FRXOG DXWRPDWLFDOO\ Frequency (Hz) -14716.6 -9629.4 -4905.5 -181.7 0 181.7 4905.5 9629.4 14716.6
VZLWFK EHWZHHQ DQDORJ DQG GLJLWDO Subcarrier Index -81 -53 -27 -1 0 1 27 53 81
EDVHG RQ VLJQDO VWUHQJWK /LVWHQHUV
GLGQ¶WKDYHWROHDUQDQHZGLDOSRVLWLRQ
RUVWDWLRQQDPH7RGD\ZLWKPRVWFDUV
RQWKHURDGXQGHU\HDUVROGKDYLQJ
Lower Digital Upper Digital
DQ ³+' 5DGLR´ RSWLRQ WKLV LV WUXH
6RPH  PLOOLRQ YHKLFOHV FDQ XWLOL]H Sidebands Sidebands
+' UDGLR 0HDQZKLOH LW KDVQ¶W PDGH Tertiary Primary Primary Secondary
PXFKRIDQLQURDGIRUKRPHOLVWHQLQJ
0RUHRYHUZKLOHLWZRUNVZHOOHQRXJK
RQ)0LWKDVFUHDWHGPRUHQRLVHDQG
LQWHUIHUHQFH RQ WKH PHGLXP ZDYH
EDQG $ERXW DOO \RX QHHG WR GR LQ D
JURXSRIKDPVRURWKHUUDGLRDILFLRQD
GRV LV VD\ ³+' 5DGLR´ DQG WKH FRP
SODLQWVZLOOVWDUWIORZLQJ

Reality Check
&RORFDWLQJWKHWZRPRGHVPHDQWWKDW
WKHVLGHEDQGVFDUU\LQJWKHGLJLWDOVLJ
QDOZHUHWRWKHRXWVLGHRIWKHDQDORJ Frequency (Hz) -9447.7 -4905.5 -181.7 0 181.7 4905.5 9447.7
VLJQDO¶V XSSHU DQG ORZHU VLGHEDQGV Subcarrier Index -52 -27 -1 0 1 27 52
VHH )LJXUH  7KLV VLGH ³VSODVK´
LQHYLWDEO\ ERWKHUHG RWKHU VLJQDOV RQ
WKHEDQGVSDUWLFXODUO\DWQLJKWRQWKH
$0EDQGZKHQVN\ZDYHSURSDJDWLRQ
RFFXUV 2Q )0 ZLWK ZLGHU FKDQQHO
VSDFLQJ GLIIHUHQW SURSDJDWLRQ DQG
HPDLOFRPPKRUL]RQV#JPDLOFRP
)LJXUH+\EULGDQGGLJLWDORQO\EURDGFDVWZDYHIRUPV7KHK\EULGZDYHIRUPRQ
WKHWRSLQFOXGHVERWKDQDORJDQGGLJLWDOVLJQDOVRSHUDWLQJRQWKHVDPHFHQWHU
IUHTXHQF\7KHLPDJHRQWKHERWWRPVKRZVDGLJLWDORQO\ZDYHIRUP,WVQDUURZ
HUEDQGZLGWKZRXOGUHGXFHFRFKDQQHOLQWHUIHUHQFHDFRPPRQFRPSODLQWDERXW
K\EULGDQDORJGLJLWDOVLJQDOVRQWKH$0EURDGFDVWEDQG6RXUFH1DWLRQDO5DGLR
7ZLWWHU#VKXWWOHPDQ 6WDQGDUGV&RPPLWWHHXVHGSXUVXDQWWR&UHDWLYH&RPPRQVOLFHQVH

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

PRUHQRLVHUHVLVWDQFHWKLVKDVEHHQDPXFKVPDOOHULVVXH
7DNHXSRIGLJLWDORQ$0KDVEHHQORZ
What’s Changed?
/LVWHQHUVWR$0UDGLRKDYHEHHQGZLQGOLQJLQUHFHQW\HDUV
7KHSXOORIRQOLQHVRXUFHVRIPXVLFDQGSRGFDVWLQJDQGIHZHU
UDGLRVLQKRPHVKDVPHDQWGHFOLQLQJUDWLQJVDQGIHZHUDGYHU
WLVHUV,QWHUPVRIZHHNO\KRXUVOLVWHQHG$0UDGLRLVLQWKHVLQ
DVWDWLRQZRXOGEHDEOHWRPDNHWKHFKDQJHE\QRWLI\LQJWKH
)&&RULILWVKRXOGEHUHTXLUHGWRGRWHVWLQJILUVW":KDWSUR
FHGXUHVZRXOGDSSO\LIRWKHUVWDWLRQVREMHFW"2WKHUTXHVWLRQV
LQFOXGH:KHQFRXOGLWEHJLQ":RXOGLWEHSHUPLWWHGDWQLJKW
DWIXOOSRZHURUUHGXFHGSRZHU":KDWSRZHUOHYHOVZRXOGEH
XVHG"0RVWWHVWVVXJJHVWWKDWVLPLODURUORZHUSRZHUZLOOZRUN
LQGLJLWDOEXWWHUUDLQZLOOEHPRUHFULWLFDO,IDOOGLJLWDOLVSHU
PLWWHGZLOOLWRQO\EHWKH³+'UDGLR´V\VWHPRUZLOOVRPHWKLQJ
JOHGLJLWVUDQJHDPRQJDOODXGLRRSWLRQV0DQ\VWDWLRQVDUH
GLVDSSHDULQJ 5HFHQW )&& VWDWLVWLFV VXJJHVW WKDW WKHUH DUH
IHZHU$0VRQWKHDLULQWKH86QRZWKDQDWDQ\WLPHLQWKH
SDVW\HDUV)RUPDQ\RZQHUVNHHSLQJWKHVWDWLRQRQWKH
DLULVVLPSO\DQH[HUFLVHWRDYRLGORVLQJWKHOLFHQVH
:KLOHWKH)&&KDVPDGHVHYHUDOWHFKQLFDOFKDQJHVLQRUGHU
WRKHOS$0VDQGWKHUHFHQWH[SDQVLRQRIWUDQVODWRUVRQ)0
KDVPHDQWWKDWRYHUKDOIRI$0VQRZVLPXOFDVWRQDQ)0
WUDQVODWRUWKHLQGXVWU\VHHVWKHKDQGZULWLQJRQWKHZDOO
FCC Says Tag, You’re It…
7KHEDOOLVLQWKHFRXUWRIEURDGFDVWHUV)&&&KDLUPDQ$MLW
3DLKDVWROGPDMRULQGXVWU\RUJDQL]DWLRQVVXFKDVWKH1$%
OLNH'50'LJLWDO5DGLR0RQGLDOHHYHQWXDOO\EHSHUPLWWHG"
0RVWREMHFWLRQVVRIDUKDYHFRPHIURPVPDOOVWDWLRQVDQG
IURPLQGLYLGXDOOLVWHQHUV,W¶VGRXEWIXOWKDWDUJXPHQWVEDVHG
RQKLVWRU\';LQJRUDYDLODELOLW\RIUDGLRVZLOOKROGPXFKZDWHU
ZLWKWKH)&&7KHQXPEHURIORQJGLVWDQFHOLVWHQHUVDWQLJKW
LVQXPHULFDOO\YHU\VPDOOQRZDQGLQUHFHQW\HDUVWKH)&&
KDVLQGLFDWHGWKDWZKLOHLWZLOOFRQWLQXHWRSURWHFWWKHORQJ
VWDQGLQJFOHDUFKDQQHOIUHTXHQFLHVVLQFHWKRVHDUHDOVRSUR
WHFWHGE\WUHDW\REOLJDWLRQVLWZRQ¶WGRPXFKWRSURWHFWDQ\
WKLQJEH\RQGWKHSULPDU\VLJQDOFRQWRXURIVWDWLRQV
,W¶VSUREDEO\LQHYLWDEOHWKDWUDGLRZLOOJRGLJLWDO,VWKDWWLPH
QRZ"
1DWLRQDO$VVRFLDWLRQRI%URDGFDVWHUVWKDWWKH\VKRXOGQRW Feedback Loop
H[SHFWWKH)&&WRLPSRVHDVROXWLRQWR³VDYHWKHEDQG´H[FHSW $VDOZD\V,DPKDSS\WRUHFHLYH\RXUFRPPHQWVVXJJHV
DVDODVWUHVRUW+H¶VORRNLQJIRUWKHVWDWLRQRZQHUVWRWHOOWKH WLRQVDQGLGHDV)HHOIUHHWRUHDFKRXWWRPHDQGVKDUHZKDW
)&&WKHW\SHVRIVROXWLRQVWKH\ZDQW \RXDUHWKLQNLQJ
'HEDWH RQ WKDW SRLQW KDV EHHQ JRLQJ RQ DW UDGLR LQGXVWU\
PHHWLQJVIRUDWOHDVWILYH\HDUV$PRQJWKHLGHDVKDYHEHHQ 5HIHUHQFHV
H[WHQGLQJWKH)0EDQGGRZQWR0+]WRRSHQQHZFKDQ KWWSVLVJG60%LUU!
QHOVDQGOHWWLQJ$0RZQHUVJHWILUVWSLFNRIWKHQHZIUHTXHQ KWWSVLVJGFZV425!
FLHV7KH$0VZRXOGWKHQPRYHWKHUH2WKHUVKDYHLQFOXGHG KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\NVOZF!
DOORZLQJDOOVWDWLRQVWRJRWRDSRZHUOHYHORIZDWWV
GD\DQGQLJKWDQGHQGLQJDQ\FOHDUFKDQQHOSURWHFWLRQV

Going All the Way

2QHLGHDWKDWKDVVHHQVRPHUHDOZRUOGWHVWLQJKDVEHHQWKH
LGHDWKDWPXFKRIWKHSUREOHPRQ$0LVFDXVHGE\WKHGXDO
PRGHDSSURDFKRQ$0DQGWKHORZSRZHUOHYHOVRIGLJLWDO
VLJQDOV7KHVROXWLRQZRXOGEHWRHOLPLQDWHWKHDQDORJVLJQDO
HQWLUHO\%\GRLQJWKLV\RXFDQPRYHWKHGLJLWDOVLGHEDQGV
EDFNWRZDUGWKHFHQWHUIUHTXHQF\UHGXFHLQWHUIHUHQFHDQG
VDYHHQHUJ\
2YHUWKHSDVWGHFDGHWKHUHKDYHEHHQDWOHDVWKDOIDGR]HQ
VKRUWWHUP WHVWV RI DOOGLJLWDO EURDGFDVWLQJ RQ $0 VWDWLRQV
DFURVVWKH867KHPRVWUHFHQWDQGPD\EHWKHPRVWH[WHQ
VLYH KDV EHHQ GRQH DW ::)' LQ )UHGHULFN 0DU\ODQG ,Q
-XQHWKHVWDWLRQZDVJUDQWHGH[SHULPHQWDODXWKRULW\WR
EURDGFDVWIRURQH\HDULQGLJLWDORQO\PRGH/RFDODQDORJOLV
WHQHUVFDQVWLOOJHWWKHVLJQDORQWKH)0WUDQVODWRUGXULQJWKH
WHVWSHULRG

Taking the Lead

$VPHQWLRQHGLQWKH-XO\QHZVQRWHWKHLQGXVWU\QRZVHHPV
WREHWDNLQJWKHOHDG%U\DQ%URDGFDVWLQJD7H[DVEDVHG
VWDWLRQRZQHUSHWLWLRQHGWKH)&& LQ0DUFKWRDXWKR
UL]HDOOGLJLWDO+'RQDSHUPDQHQWEDVLV7KHFRPPHQWSHUL
RGUHFHQWO\FORVHG)URPFRPPHQWVWRWKH)&&DQGSXEOLF
VWDWHPHQWVLWDSSHDUVWKDWWKHPDMRULW\RIWKHUDGLREURDG
FDVWHUV DQG WKHLU LQGXVWU\ UHSUHVHQWDWLYHV IDYRU WKH SUR
SRVDO$WWKLVWLPHWKHFRPPLVVLRQKDVQ¶WVLJQDOHGLWVWKLQN
LQJEXW,ZRQ¶WEHVXUSULVHGLILWFRPHVIRUZDUGZLWKSURSRVHG
FKDQJHVWRLPSOHPHQWWKLV

What Would it Mean?

,IWKH)&&PRYHVIRUZDUGWKHUHZRXOGEHDIHZTXHVWLRQV
VWLOOWREHDQVZHUHG6RPHDUHSURFHGXUDOVXFKDVZKHWKHU

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 THE HAM NOTEBOOK
TEXT AND PHOTOS BY WAYNE YOSHIDA*, KH6WZ

Maker Faire Bay Area 2019 Recap

The Last One?

,
IHOWXQHDV\JRLQJLQWRWKLV\HDU¶V0DNHU)DLUH'XULQJWKH
DSSOLFDWLRQSURFHVVLWVHHPHGWKDWRXUDSSOLFDWLRQIRUD
ERRWKWRGLVSOD\RXUSURMHFWVZDVUHMHFWHGGHVSLWHRXUVXE
PLWWLQJLWEHIRUHWKHGHDGOLQH$OWKRXJKVLPLODUGHOD\VKDYH
EHHQWKH³WUDGLWLRQ´ ZHDOZD\VPDQDJHGWRUHWDLQRXUSUH
YLRXVORFDWLRQLQWKHPDLQKDOO
7KDQNIXOO\WKHDSSOLFDWLRQZDVDSSURYHGDQGWKHPHPEHUV
.+:=$V\RXFDQVHHLQWKHSKRWR-RHOWDNHVP\DGYLFH
DERXWFDOOVLJQEUDQGLQJVHULRXVO\
Projects at Maker Faire Bay Area 2019
,EURXJKWP\(OHFUDIW.VWRVKRZDQH[DPSOHRIWKHKDP
UDGLRHOHFWURQLFVNLWVDYDLODEOHWRGD\,UHPRYHGWKHWRSFRYHU
DQGLOOXPLQDWHGWKHUDGLRZLWKDQRYHUKHDG/('ODPSWRVKRZ
RIWKH³1RW<RXU*UDQGSD¶V+DP5DGLR´ WHDPDW0DNHU)DLUH WKHFRQVWUXFWLRQLQVLGH3KRWR%
%D\ $UHD 3KRWR $ ZDV DEOH WR GLVSOD\ WKHLU ZDUHV ³1RW ,FRQQHFWHGWKHUDGLRWRDGXPP\ORDGVLQFH,GLGQRWKDYH
<RXU*UDQGSD¶V+DP5DGLR´ LVWKHQDPHDQGWKHPHZHKDYH DQHIIHFWLYHDQWHQQDZLWKZKLFKWRODXQFKDVLJQDORXWVLGH
XVHGIRUDOORIRXU0DNHU)DLUHHYHQWV7KHWHDPLVFRPSULVHG +RZHYHU WKH UDGLR FRXOG VWLOO ³FRPPXQLFDWH´ WR WKH RWKHU
RI-RHO:LOKLWH.':%ULDQ<HH:%<3DW<HH%ULDQ¶V ULJVLQRXUERRWKVLQFHWKHPHWDOFRYHUZDVUHPRYHG
;</ 3DXO =DQGHU $$3= DQG PH :D\QH <RVKLGD
HPDLONKZ]#FTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP!
/LQNHG,QZZZOLQNHGLQFRPLQZD\QH7\RVKLGD
,EXLOWDQ5)ILHOGVWUHQJWKPHWHUYLVLEOHLQ3KRWR%MXVW
DIWHUODVW\HDU¶V0DNHU)DLUH,KDGZDQWHGWREXLOGRQHRI
WKHVHIRUPDQ\\HDUVVR,PDGHWKHWLPHWRSXWRQHRIP\
ODUJHYLQWDJHDQDORJPHWHUVWRJRRGXVH7KHILHOGVWUHQJWK
PHWHU LV D XVHIXO LQVWUXPHQW WR YHULI\ WKDW D WUDQVPLWWHU LV

3KRWR$³1RW<RXU*UDQGSD¶V+DP5DGLR´DW0DNHU)DLUH%D\$UHD/HIWWRULJKW3DW<HH:D\QH<RVKLGD.+:=
%ULDQ<HH:%<-RHO:LOKLWH.':DQG3DXO=DQGHU$$3=

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

3KRWR%$Q(OHFUDIW.VRQGLVSOD\WRVKRZDQH[DPSOHRIWRGD\¶VKDPUDGLRHOHFWURQLFVNLWV7KHWRSFRYHULVUHPRYHG
WRVKRZWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQLQVLGH

ZRUNLQJ,HVSHFLDOO\OLNHWKLVLQVWUXPHQWEHFDXVHLWGRHVQRW %%4VWULNHUVLPXODWRUWRGHPRQVWUDWHWKHOLJKWQLQJGHWHFWRUV
UHTXLUHDQ\SRZHUVRXUFHH[FHSWIRUWKH5)HQHUJ\FRPLQJ N+]UHFHLYHUVRQGLVSOD\,PDGHDKXPRURXVZDUQLQJ
LQ$QGLWPDNHVDQLQWHUHVWLQJDQGHQWHUWDLQLQJZD\WRVKRZ VLJQIRUWKH7HVODFRLOLQVSLUHGE\DILUHEUHDWKLQJVFXOSWXUH
WKHLQYLVLEOHUDGLRZDYHVZLJJOLQJWKHPHWHUQHHGOH7KHFODV VKRZQDWDSUHYLRXV0DNHU)DLUH3KRWR&
VLF FLUFXLW LV DYDLODEOH LQ PDQ\ HGLWLRQV RI 7KH $55/ 7KH ³JDPLILHG´ UDGLR HQHUJ\ GHWHFWRU PDGH DQRWKHU
+DQGERRN IRU 5DGLR $PDWHXUV 1RWLFH WKH ³0DNHU´ VW\OH
DQWHQQDPDGHIURPDSLHFHRIWDSHPHDVXUH$VDERQXV
LWLVXQEUHDNDEOH
$OVRQHZWKLV\HDUZDVDVPDOO7HVODFRLOPDGHIURPDNLW
,WLVDQRWKHUVRXUFHRIDUWLILFLDOOLJKWQLQJWRVXSSOHPHQWWKH
DSSHDUDQFHWKLV\HDU3KRWR&,WLVDUHFRQILJXUHGEURDG
EDQG GHWHFWRU ZLWK DQ /(' EDU JUDSK PHWHU 0\ SUHYLRXV
PRGHOKDGDVPDOO',3EDUJUDSK/('WKDW,UHSODFHGZLWKD
VWULQJRIODUJHGLVFUHWH/('VIRUDEHWWHU³OLJKWVKRZ´
3DUWLDOO\YLVLEOHLQ3KRWR& LVWKH1RW<RXU*UDQGSD¶V+DP

3KRWR & 2QH RI P\ DGGLWLRQDO SURMHFWV RQ GLVSOD\ DW WKH %D\ $UHD 0DNHU )DLUH ZDV P\ 7HVOD FRLO ZLWK D KXPRURXV
ZDUQLQJVLJQLQVSLUHGE\DILUHEUHDWKLQJVFXOSWXUHDWDSUHYLRXV0DNHU)DLUH7RWKHOHIWRIWKH7HVODFRLOLVP\5)SRZHU
GHWHFWRUWKHQIDUWKHUWRWKHOHIWRIWKH5)SRZHUGHWHFWRULVP\*+]WUDQVYHUWHU

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

5DGLR IODJVKLS SURMHFW P\ *+] DQRWKHUH[DPSOHRIWKHUDGLRNLWVDYDLO 0\ ILHOG VWUHQJWK PHWHU ZDV D KDQG\
WUDQVYHUWHU V\VWHP )RU HDVLHU WUDQV DEOHWRGD\3KRWR'%ULDQFRQQHFWHG ZD\ WR GHPRQVWUDWH WKH ORRS DQWHQQD
SRUWVHWXSDQGWDNHGRZQ,OHIWWKHGLVK WKH UDGLR WR D ORRS DQWHQQD DQG KLV GLUHFWLRQDOLW\
DQWHQQD DW KRPH DQG XVHG D KRUQ $UGXLQREDVHG EHDFRQ FRQWUROOHU WKDW %ULDQ EURXJKW DQRWKHU 0RUVH FRGH
LQVWHDG VHQWD0RUVHFRGHPHVVDJHDQGLGHQ UHODWHG SURMHFW WR VKRZ $ NH\ERDUG
W6BY’s Projects
%ULDQ:%<EURXJKWKLV(OHFUDIW.;
WLILHUWKURXJKWKH.;7KLVZDVDJUHDW
ZD\ WR GHPRQVWUDWH 0RUVH FRGH DQG
WKH VLJQDOV ZHUH UHFHLYHG DW P\ .V
0RUVHJHQHUDWRU3KRWR(DQG³WUDQV
ODWRU´ ,W ZDV IXQ WR ZDWFK NLGV VHQG
WKHLUQDPHVLQ0RUVHFRGHDQG,ZDV
DEOHWRWHOOWKHPZLWKRXWORRNLQJZKDW
QDPH WKH\ KDG W\SHG 7KH SURMHFW LV
IHDWXUHGLQWKHERRN$UGXLQR3URMHFWV
IRU$PDWHXU5DGLR
6RIWZDUH'HILQHG 5DGLR 6'5 LV D
SRSXODU WRSLF IRU ERWK KDP UDGLR DQG
QRQKDPUDGLRSHRSOH%ULDQ¶V+DFN5)
2QHVKRZHGWKH³ZDWHUIDOO´ GLVSOD\DQG
FRXOG UHFHLYH WKH YDULRXV VLJQDOV ZH
WUDQVPLWWHGIURPRXUUDGLRVRQGLVSOD\
6LQFH$UGXLQRSURMHFWVDUHVRSRSX
ODU%ULDQ¶V%,7;ULJPDGHDQRWKHU
DSSHDUDQFH DQG VHHPHG WR VWULNH DQ
LQWHUHVWLQQRQKDP$UGXLQRIDQV7KLV
LVDQH[DPSOHRIVRPHWKLQJWKDWFDQEH
XVHG WR UHFUXLW WKH QH[W JHQHUDWLRQ RI
KDPV

KD6W’s Project
-RHO.':EURXJKWKLV*+]
WUDQVYHUWHUV\VWHP3KRWR)VKRZQDW
SUHYLRXV 0DNHU )DLUH HYHQWV -RHO
PDGH VRPH LPSURYHPHQWV WR KLV
VZLWFKLQJ FLUFXLWV +H DOVR PDGH '
SULQWHGFDOOVLJQVIRUXVDV\RXFDQVHH
LQWKHJURXSSKRWR3KRWR$
3KRWR'%ULDQEURXJKWKLV(OHFUDIW.;LQWHUIDFHGWRD&:EHDFRQNH\HU7KH
FRD[JRHVWR%ULDQ¶VKRPHEUHZORRSDQWHQQD7KHREMHFWEHKLQGWKHUDGLRLVD AA6PZ’ Project
SRUWDEOHSRZHUVRXUFH 3DXO$$3=EURXJKWDFRPSXWHUVLP
XODWLRQVKRZLQJKRZUDGLRZDYHVWUDY
HO WKURXJK D ZDYHJXLGH ,W¶V D VKDUH
ZDUHSURJUDPDQGLWORRNVSUHWW\QHDW
<RX FDQ LQVHUW HOERZV DQG RWKHU HOH
PHQWV LQWR WKH SDWK WR VHH KRZ WKH\
DIIHFW WKH HQHUJ\ WUDYHOLQJ DORQJ DQG
LQVLGHWKHZDYHJXLGH

Networking and Making New

Friends
6HHLQJIULHQGVDQGPDNLQJQHZRQHVLV
RQHRIWKHWKLQJV,DOZD\VORRNIRUZDUG
WRDWWKHVHHYHQWV+HUHDUHVRPHQHW
ZRUNLQJVWRULHVIURP0DNHU)DLUH%D\
$UHD
,W¶VDOZD\VDWUHDWWRVHH-HUL(OOVZRUWK
DW0DNHU)DLUH-HULLVDIDLUO\QHZKDP
DQGDVSUHGLFWHGVKHLVDOUHDG\PDN
LQJJUHDWFRQWULEXWLRQVWRDPDWHXUUDGLR
7KHWHDPDW1RW<RXU*UDQGSD¶V+DP
5DGLRWDNHVSDUWLDOFUHGLWIRUHQFRXUDJ
LQJ-HULWRHDUQKHUKDPOLFHQVH%\WKH
ZD\-HULZHQWIURPXQOLFHQVHGLQGLYLG
XDOWR$PDWHXU([WUDLQRQHVLWWLQJ1LFH
JRLQJ
, PHW 7HG 7DJDPL &(2 DQG &R
3KRWR ( %ULDQ¶V 0RUVH FRGH NH\ERDUG PDGH FRGH IXQ IRU NLGV DQG )RXQGHURI0DJQLWXGHLRGXULQJVHWXS
JURZQXSVWRR GD\3KRWR*7HGZDVVHWWLQJXSWKH

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

ERRWK DQG , VDLG ³7KDW¶V D JUHDW WDJ
OLQH´
7HGUHVSRQGHGZLWK³:KLFKRQH"´
, GLGQ¶W UHDOL]H WKHUH DUH WZR ³<RXU
FODVVURRPLVQRZLQRUELW´ DQG³3RZHU
HGE\FXULRVLW\Ϋ
,VDLG³%RWK´
:H WDONHG DERXW VRPH RI WKH SUR
JUDPV 0DJQLWXGHLR FUHDWHV RU FRQ
WULEXWHVWRDQGKRZKDPUDGLRSOD\VDQ
LPSRUWDQWSDUWLQPRVWRIWKHLUVFLHQFH Falling leaves...
Falling prices...
DQGHQJLQHHULQJSURJUDPV2QHH[DP
SOHLV³&DQ6DW´ DVWXGHQWGHVLJQEXLOG
ODXQFK FRPSHWLWLRQ IRU VSDFHUHODWHG
WRSLFV 7KH &DQ6DW LV D VDWHOOLWH SODW
IRUPWKHVL]HDQGVKDSHRIDRXQFH
EHYHUDJH FDQ 6LQFH , KDYH DOZD\V
EHHQ LQWHUHVWHG LQ VSDFH  VFLHQFH 

7KH6KRUW9HUWLFDO
$QWHQQDDQG
*URXQG5DGLDO
E\6HYLFN:)0,

7KLVVPDOOEXWVROLGJXLGH
ZDONV\RXWKURXJKWKH
GHVLJQDQGLQVWDOODWLRQRILQH[SHQVLYH\HW
HIIHFWLYHVKRUW+) YHUWLFDODQWHQQDV:LWK
DQWHQQDUHVWULFWLRQVEHFRPLQJDSUREOHPLW
FRXOGNHHS\RXRQWKHDLU
[3DSHUEDFN

7KH1(:6KRUWZDYH
3URSDJDWLRQ+DQGERRN
E\:$6.1;; .*.8
$VKRUWZDYHSURSDJDWLRQ
ERRNZLWKLQIRUPDWLRQRQ
VXQVSRWDFWLYLW\SURSDJDWLRQ
SUHGLFWLRQVXQXVXDO
SURSDJDWLRQHIIHFWVDQGGRLW
\RXUVHOIIRUHFDVWLQJWLSV
3KRWR)+HUH¶VDFORVHXSRI-RHO¶VGXDOEDQG*+]WUDQVYHUWHU/LNHPRVW
PLFURZDYHFRQWHVWHUV-RHOLVDOZD\VLPSURYLQJRUUHEXLOGLQJKLVJHDU ; 3DSHUEDFN
&' 9HUVLRQ
%X\ERWKIRURQO\

6ORSHU$QWHQQDV
%\-XHUJHQ$:HLJO2(&:/
6LQJOHDQG0XOWL(OHPHQW
'LUHFWLYH$QWHQQDV
IRUWKH/RZ%DQGV
:LWKFDOFXODWLRQVDQG
SUDFWLFDOH[SHULHQFHWKLVERRN
VKRZVZKLFKEDVL
FRQFHSWVKDYHWREH
FRQVLGHUHGIRUVORSHU
DQWHQQDVIRUWKHORZEDQGV
;3DSHUEDFN
&' 9HUVLRQ 
%X\ERWKIRURQO\

Shipping & Handling: U.S. add $7 for the first item,

$3.50 for the second and $2 for each add’l item. FREE
shipping on orders over $100 to one U.S. address.
CN/FN add $25 for 1st item, $10 for 2nd and $5 for each
additional. Buy Both=single item!

CQ The Radio
Amateur's Journal
Phone 516-681-2922
3KRWR*,ORYH0DJQLWXGHLR¶VLQVSLULQJWDJOLQHV7KHWZRF\OLQGULFDOREMHFWVRQ
FAX 516-681-2926
WKHULJKWDUHFDOOHG&DQ6DWV
http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

ANNOUNCEMENTS IURPSDJH
%(5($2+,2²7KH+DPIHVW$VVRFLDWLRQRI&OHYHODQG ZLOOKROGWKH HOHFWURQLFVDQGKDPUDGLR,HQMR\HGRXUFRQYHUVDWLRQDQG,
&OHYHODQG +DPIHVW DQG &RPSXWHU 6KRZ IURP  DP WR  SP 6XQGD\ KRSH,FDQFRQWULEXWHWR0DJQLWXGHLRLQVRPHZD\
6HSWHPEHU  DW WKH &X\DKRJD &RXQW\ )DLUJURXQGV  ( %DJOH\ 5RDG 7HGLQWURGXFHGPHWR'DQ%DUVWRZLQWKHERRWKQH[WGRRU
3KRQH&/()(67:HEVLWHZZZKDFRUJ!7DONLQ3/
9(H[DPV';&&98&&FDUGFKHFNLQJ 'DQ LV WKH (GXFDWLRQ 0DQDJHU DW WKH ,66 86 1DWLRQDO
0,/:$8.((:,6&216,1²7KH0LOZDXNHH5DGLR$PDWHXUV&OXE DQG /DERUDWRU\6SDFH6WDWLRQ([SORUHUVXVHVWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO
+DP5DGLR2XWOHW ZLOOKROGWKH+526XSHUIHVW DQG$55/&HQWUDO'LYLVLRQ 6SDFH 6WDWLRQ ,66 DV DQ HGXFDWLRQDO SODWIRUP PDNLQJ
&RQYHQWLRQ IURPQRRQWRSP)ULGD\6HSWHPEHUDQGIURPDPWRSP
6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDW+DP5DGLR2XWOHW0LOZDXNHH:HVW*RRG+RSH 67(0OHDUQLQJIXQDQGH[FLWLQJ+DPUDGLRSOD\VDQLPSRU
5RDG&RQWDFW7RP3DFKQHU:7-3(PDLOZWMS#KDPUD WDQWSDUWLQPDQ\RIWKHLUSURJUDPV,KRSH,FDQEHRIVHU
GLRFRP!7DONLQ3/
&2/2*1(0,11(627$²7KH60$5765DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROG60$576
)(67  IURP  DP WR QRRQ 6DWXUGD\ 6HSWHPEHU  DW WKH &RORJQH
&RPPXQLW\&HQWHU9LOODJH3DUNZD\(PDLOFRQWDFWXV#VPDUWVIHVWRUJ!
:HEVLWHZZZVPDUWVIHVWRUJ!7DONLQ9(H[DPV';&&98&&
:$&:$6FDUGFKHFNLQJ
+256(+($'6 1(: <25. ² 7KH $PDWHXU 5DGLR $VVRFLDWLRQ RI WKH
6RXWKHUQ 7LHU ZLOO KROG WKH WK $QQXDO (OPLUD ,QWHUQDWLRQDO +DPIHVW 
&RPSXWHUIHVW IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH&KHPXQJ
&RXQW\ )DLUJURXQGV  )DLUYLHZ 5RDG :HEVLWH ZZZDUDVWLQIR! 7DONLQ
9(H[DPVEXQQ\KXQW
3$,1769,//( .(178&.< ² $PDWHXU 5DGLR &RPPXQLW\ 6HUYLFHV
YLFHWRWKLVRUJDQL]DWLRQLQVRPHZD\WRR
/LDP.HQQHG\IRXQGHUDQGLQYHQWRURI,66$%29(KDG
DERRWKDURXQGWKHFRUQHUIURP6SDFH6WDWLRQ([SORUHUV,
PHW/LDPVHYHUDO\HDUVDJRDWDSUHYLRXV%D\$UHD0DNHU
)DLUH,WZDVJRRGWRJHWUHDFTXDLQWHGZLWKKLP
6RPHWLPHGXULQJWKH0DNHU)DLUHZHHNHQG,PHW&DOHE
.UDIWVHQLRUHGLWRUDW0DNH PDJD]LQH,PHW&DOHEWKURXJK
KLVSRVWVDQGDUWLFOHVRQWKH0DNHZHEVLWHDQGEORJSDJHV
&DOHELVDKLJKO\VNLOOHGFUDIWVPDQZLWKDJUHDWLPDJLQDWLRQ
.<$5& ZLOOKROGWKH$5&6$QQXDO+DPIHVW IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\
6HSWHPEHUDWWKH3DLQWVYLOOH5HF&HQWHU3UHVWRQ6WUHHW&RQWDFW5RQ
DQGKLVSURMHFWVDUHLQVSLULQJ,WZDVJUHDWWRPHHWVRPHRQH
*URVVL 15/*   (PDLO QUOJ#DUUOQHW! :HEVLWH KWWS
N\DUFFRP!9(H[DPV
632.$1(:$6+,1*721²7KHUG $QQXDO6SRNDQH+DPIHVW DQG
$55/:DVKLQJWRQ6WDWH&RQYHQWLRQ ZLOOEHKHOGIURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\
6HSWHPEHUDW8QLYHUVLW\+LJK6FKRRO(DVWQG $YHQXH&RQWDFW-DNH
,UHVSHFWVRPXFKLQSHUVRQ
0DNHU)DLUHHYHQWVDUHDPRQJWKHEHVWSODFHVIRUFRPSD
QLHVWRGHPRQVWUDWHWKHLUSURGXFWVDQGUHFUXLWWDOHQWHGZRUN
HUV0DNHU)DLUHLVDOVRDJUHDWSODFHIRUSHRSOHWRGHPRQ
0F&DUWK\ .,43-   (PDLO MDNH#PFFDUWK\PDGKRXVHFRP!
:HEVLWHZZZQFIRFRP!7DONLQ9(H[DPVIR[KXQW
78&621$5,=21$²7KH5DGLR6RFLHW\RI7XFVRQ ZLOOKROGWKH7XFVRQ
$XWXPQ+DPIHVW IURPWRDP6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUDWWKH7DUJHWQRUWK
SDUNLQJORW(2OG6SDQLVK7UDLO:HEVLWHZZZNUVWRUJ!7DONLQ
VWUDWHWKHLUVNLOOVDQGNQRZOHGJHWRFRPSDQLHV7KHKDQGVRQ
DFWLYLWLHVDQGWKHDGGLWLRQDOHOHPHQWRIDSHUVRQ¶VSDVVLRQ
IRU GRLQJ ZKDW WKH\ DUH VKRZLQJ WHOOV PXFK PRUH WKDQ D
UHVXPHRUDQRQOLQHDSSOLFDWLRQFRXOGHYHUGR%XWXQIRUWX
3/9(H[DPVFDUGFKHFNLQJ
:(67)$5*21257+'$.27$²7KH5HG5LYHU5DGLR$PDWHXUV ZLOO QDWHO\WKLVZDVWKHODVWRQH
KROGWKH555$+DPIHVW DQG$55/'DNRWD'LYLVLRQ&RQYHQWLRQ IURP
DP WR  SP 6DWXUGD\ 6HSWHPEHU  DW WKH 559 )DLUJURXQGV  0DLQ
$YHQXH : 3KRQH   (PDLO KDPIHVW#UUUDRUJ! :HEVLWH
Final Thoughts on the Final Bay Area
KWWSUUUDRUJ!7DONLQ3/3/9(H[DPVFDUG Maker Faire
FKHFNLQJ
%(/9,'(5(,//,12,6²7KH&KLFDJR)0&OXE ZLOOKROGWKH5DGLR 'HVSLWH WKH QHDUO\ FRQWLQXRXV UDLQ SRVW0DNHU )DLUH %D\
([SR IURP  DP WR  SP 6XQGD\ 6HSWHPEHU  DW WKH %RRQH &RXQW\ $UHDVWRULHVLQGLFDWHGWKHDWWHQGDQFHZDVELJJHUWKDQODVW
)DLUJURXQGV,/3KRQH(PDLOZDRUF#JPDLOFRP! \HDUZKLFKZDVJUHDWQHZV
:HEVLWHZZZFKLFDJRIPFOXERUJ!7DONLQ3/9(H[DPV
2&72%(5
$/3(1$ 0,&+,*$1 ² 7KH 7KXQGHU %D\ $PDWHXU 5DGLR &OXE ZLOO KROG
$OSHQD¶VWK $QQXDO6ZDS0HHW IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\2FWREHUDW
WKH $OSHQD 0DOO  86 6RXWK (PDLO ZXS#WKXQGHUED\DUFRUJ!
:HEVLWHKWWSWKXQGHUED\DUFRUJ!
%(/7210,66285,²7KH6RXWKVLGH$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGLWV H[WUHPHO\JUDWHIXOIRUWKH0DNHU)DLUHHYHQWRUJDQL]HUVIRU
+DPIHVW IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\2FWREHUDW0LOO&UHHN8SSHU(OHPHQWDU\
%XWGDPSHQLQJWKHVHSRVLWLYHVWRULHVLVWKHGHPLVHRI0DNH
PDJD]LQHDQGWKH0DNHU)DLUH,ZRQGHUZKHWKHUWKHPDNHU
PRYHPHQW²DQGWKH0DNHU)DLUH²ZHUHRQO\IDGV
/DFNRIIXQGVDQGVSRQVRUVZHUHFLWHGDVUHDVRQVIRU0DNH
PDJD]LQH DQG WKH 0DNHU )DLUH FORVXUHV , ZLOO DOZD\V EH
SURYLGLQJPDNHUVSDFHVDWQRFKDUJH+RZHYHUWKLVDPD]
6FKRRO6RXWK&OHYHODQG$YHQXH&RQWDFW-D\'XWKOHU:‘-'
(PDLOLQIR#VRXWKVLGHDUFQHW!:HEVLWHKWWSVRXWKVLGHDUFQHW!7DON
LQJJHQHURVLW\PD\KDYHFRQWULEXWHGWRWKHILQDQFLDOZRHV
LQ3/9(H[DPV -XVWLILFDWLRQ IRU WKH VSRQVRUV PD\ KDYH EHHQ WRR GLIIL
%2:/,1**5((1.(178&.<²7KH.HQWXFN\&RORQHOV$PDWHXU5DGLR FXOWIRUWKHEXVLQHVVGHFLVLRQPDNHUVWRMXVWLI\%XW,WKLQN
&OXE ZLOOKROGWKH9HWWH&LW\+DPIHVW IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\2FWREHU
DWWKH:.8.QLFHO\&RQIHUHQFH&HQWHU1DVKYLOOH5RDG&RQWDFW)UDQN WKLV PD\ KDYH EHHQ VKRUWVLJKWHG 6RPHWLPHV FRUSRUD
$UPVWURQJ .,+(-   (PDLO IUDQDUPVWURQJ#LQVLJKWEEFRP! WLRQV IRUJHW WR FRQVLGHU WKH ³PLVFHOODQHRXV´ FROXPQ LQ
:HEVLWH ZZZYHWWHFLW\KDPIHVWFRP! RU KWWSNFDUFRQOLQHFRP! 7DONLQ WKHLUVSUHDGVKHHWV
3/
+2//<:22' 0$5</$1' ² 7KH 6W 0DU\¶V &R $PDWHXU 5DGLR 0DNHU0HGLDIRXQGHU'DOH'RXJKHUW\KDVSXUFKDVHGWKH
$VVRFLDWLRQ ZLOOKROGLWVWK $QQXDO7DLJDWH)HVW IURPDPWRQRRQ6DWXUGD\ FRPSDQ\¶VDVVHWVDQGVWDUWHG0DNHU&RPPXQLW\//&DV
2FWREHUDWWKH+ROO\ZRRG9ROXQWHHU)LUH'HSDUWPHQW%LQJR+DOO7KUHH DPHPEHUVKLSRUJDQL]DWLRQ+HKRSHVWRJHWHQRXJKVXS
1RWFK5RDG0'57&RQWDFW&KXFN*DQW]NZM[#\DKRRFRP!:HEVLWH
ZZZNKNLRUJ!9(H[DPV
/$.(6,'(&$/,)251,$²7KH/DNHVLGH$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGWKH
6DQ'LHJR+DPIHVWDQG'LVDVWHU3UHSDUHGQHVV IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\
2FWREHUDWWKH/DNHVLGH5RGHR*URXQGV0DSOHYLHZ6WUHHW:HEVLWH
ZZZVGKDPIHVWRUJ!RUZZZODNHVLGHDUUFRUJ!9(H[DPV7KXQW
021&.6 &251(5 6287+ &$52/,1$ ² 7KH 7ULGHQW $PDWHXU 5DGLR
&OXE ZLOODLUVSHFLDOHYHQWVWDWLRQ:'IURP87&6DWXUGD\2FWREHU
 DW WKH 2OG 6DQWHH &DQDO 6WDWH 3DUN  6WRQ\ /DQGLQJ 'ULYH )UHTXHQFLHV
LQFOXGHDQG0+]46/D6$6(DQGWR7ULGHQW$5&
$WWQ -RKQ 6DWWHUILHOG 32 %R[  1RUWK &KDUOHVWRQ 6& 
SRUWWRUHVXPHSXEOLFDWLRQRI0DNH PDJD]LQHDQGVSRQ
VRUVKLSRI0DNHU)DLUHV
,ZLOODOZD\VHQFRXUDJHWKH0DNHU)DLUHHYHQWRUJDQL]HUV
FRUSRUDWHVSRQVRUVDQGSDUWLFLSDQWVWRFRQVLGHUDGLIIHUHQW
DVSHFWRIWKH0DNHU)DLUHH[SHULHQFH5HFUXLWLQJIRVWHULQJ
UHFRJQL]LQJDQGGHPRQVWUDWLQJVNLOOVNQRZOHGJHHDUO\HGX
FDWLRQ DQG WDOHQW IRU FDUHHU PDQDJHPHQW 0DNHU )DLUH
HYHQWVPD\EHFRPHPRUHDWWUDFWLYHLIWKH\FRXOGEHFRQVLG
(PDLO ZG#WULGHHQWKDPVRUJ! 3KRQH   :HEVLWH KWWS
WULGHQWKDPVRUJ!
52&. +,// 6287+ &$52/,1$ ² 7KH <RUN &RXQW\ $PDWHXU 5DGLR
6RFLHW\ ZLOOKROGLWVWK $QQXDO+DPIHVW IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\2FWREHU
DW0XVHXP5RDG(PDLO\FDUV#\FDUVRUJ!:HEVLWHZZZ\FDUVRUJ!
9(H[DPV
:,&+,7$.$16$6²7KH9DOOH\&HQWHU$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGWKH
 :LFKLWD $UHD +DPIHVW IURP  DP WR  SP 6DWXUGD\ 2FWREHU  DW WKH
HUHGDUHFUXLWPHQWWRRODQGMREIDLU
0HDQZKLOH,ZLOOFRQWLQXHWRSUDFWLFHP\³PDNHUVNLOOV´ E\
EXLOGLQJ PRUH SURMHFWV IRU KDP UDGLR HOHFWURQLFV DXWR
PHFKDQLFVDQGVFLHQFHDQGZULWLQJDERXWWKHPLQWKLVFRO
XPQDQGRQVRFLDOPHGLDRXWOHWV
0RUH0DNHU)DLUHUHFDSVDQGWKRXJKWVDUHSRVWHGLQP\
5LYHUZDON&KXUFKRI&KULVW1:DFR&RQWDFW%ULFH%DUOH\..‘6
 RU 6WHYH 3HULPDQ 1‘<<,   (PDLO ZLFKLWDDUHDKDPIHVW
/LQNHG,Q³$UWLFOHV´ VHFWLRQ
#JPDLOFRP!:HEVLWHZZZYFDUFRUJ!7DONLQ)UHH9(H[DPV ± :D\QH.+:=
&RQWLQXHGRQSDJH

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 MICROCONTROLLERS IN AMATEUR RADIO
BY ANTHONY A. LUSCRE*, K8ZT

The “M”s Have It … Memory Commander, Morse and

Microcontrollers, and a MagPi

7
KLVPRQWKZHVWDUWZLWKDSURMHFW LQJ +LV ODWHVW SURMHFW LV DQ $UGXLQR VSHDNHUPDNHVLWDYHU\YHUVDWLOHWRRO
IURP/XF'HFURRV21'47ZR
RI/XF¶VRWKHUSURMHFWVZHUHIHD
WXUHG LQ P\ 0DUFK  &4 FROXPQ
/XF¶VQHZSURMHFWLVWKH.;0HPRU\
&RPPDQGHU DVPDOOH[WHUQDOEXWWRQ
FRQWUROOHU IRU WKH (OHFUDIW .; WR VHQG
DQ\RIVL[&:RU'DWDVWRUHGPHVVDJHV
RUWZRUHFRUGHG66%PHVVDJHV7KLVLV
DQ HDV\WREXLOG $UGXLQR SURMHFW ZLWK
PLQLPDOSDUWVEXWDORWRIXVHIXOIHDWXUHV
)LUVWLWOHWV\RXVHQGWKHPHVVDJHVE\
VLPSO\ SUHVVLQJ RQH EXWWRQ IRU HDFK
PHVVDJH LQVWHDG RI WKH WZR EXWWRQV
UHTXLUHG RQ WKH UDGLR ,Q DGGLWLRQ LW
EDVHG0RUVH&RGH7XWRU0&7 <RX IRUOHDUQLQJ0RUVH&RGH7KH0&7LV
FDQILQGDVFKHPDWLFDQG=LSILOHRIFRGH IURP D FKDSWHU RI D VHTXHO WR WKH
VNHWFK DQG LQVWUXFWLRQV DW KWWSV $UGXLQR 3URMHFWV IRU $PDWHXU 5DGLR
WLQ\XUOFRP\PRG[N! +LV XVH RI D ERRN -DFN ZURWH D IHZ \HDUV DJR $O
7)7 GLVSOD\ DXGLR DPSOLILHU DQG 3HWHU $&*< LV WKH FRDXWKRU DQG
7KH.;0HPRU\
&RPPDQGHUFDQEH
XVHGWRVHQGDQ\RI
WKH(OHFUDIW.;¶VVL[
PHPRULHVWKDWFDQEH
SURJUDPPHGZLWK
PHVVDJHVIRU&:RU
DOORZV\RXWRDYRLGDFFLGHQWDOFKDQJHV '$7$577<36.
RIRWKHUUDGLRSDUDPHWHUVFDXVHGE\QRW DQGYRLFHPHPRULHV
SUHVVLQJEXWWRQVLQWKHFRUUHFWRUGHU,W IRU66%$0)0
DOVRDOORZV\RXWRSODFHWKHER[DWDFRQ 3KRWRE\/XF
YHQLHQWORFDWLRQDQGWRIXOO\GRFXPHQW 'HFURRV21'4
WKHFRQWHQWVRIHDFKPHVVDJHGLUHFWO\
QH[WWRWKHFRUUHVSRQGLQJEXWWRQ)RUIXOO
GHWDLOVDQGDFRPSOHWH$UGXLQR6NHWFK
YLVLW /XF¶V %ORJ DW KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP
\[JJWSU!,I\RXDUHZLOOLQJWRWLQNHUZLWK
WKHVNHWFKFRGHWKLVSURMHFWFRXOGDOVR
EHXVHGZLWKWKH(OHFUDIW.;RUHYHQ
WKH . ,W DOVR KDV WKH SRWHQWLDO WR EH
XVHG WR VHQG RWKHU FRPPDQGV WR WKH
UDGLRLQFOXGLQJPDFURV

Arduino Megakeyer
, KDYH PHQWLRQHG WKH .1* $UGXLQR
.H\HU KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRPOMR]PYR! LQ
SUHYLRXVFROXPQVEXW,ZDQWHGWRWDON
DERXW D QHZ EXLOG YHUVLRQ E\ -&
0DUWLQ:,3$DQGWKH&DOLIRUQLD453
&OXE.QRZQDVWKH:,3$0HJDNH\HU
KWWSVJLWKXEFRPZLSDPHJDNH\
HU!WKLVSURMHFWDGGVDQXPEHURIIHD
WXUHV WR WKH RULJLQDO GHVLJQ )URP WKH
ZHEVLWH³7KH0HJD.H\HULVDERDUG
EXLOWWRXVHDVPXFKDVSRVVLEOHRIWKH
.1*FRGH7RDFKLHYHDUHDVRQDEOH
VL]H DQG FRVW DQ HPEHGGHGPLQL
$UGXLQRPHJDLVXVHG´<RXFDQ
ZDWFKD<RX7XEHYLGHRRIWKHSURMHFW
DWKWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\ID\P!

Morse Code Tutor and More

-DFN 3XUGXP :7(( LV D SUROLILF
VRXUFHRIERWK—&'SURMHFWVDQGZULW

HPDLON]W#DUUOQHW 7KH.;0HPRU\&RPPDQGHULVDVLPSOHWREXLOG$UGXLQRSURMHFWZLWKMXVWD
ZHEVLWHZZZN]WFRP IHZSDUWV3KRWRE\/XF'HFURRV21'4

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 WKH\ DUH WLWOLQJ WKLV RQH 0LFURFRQWUROOHU 3URMHFWV IRU $PDWHXU 5DGLR ³PDLQO\
Young Ladies’ Radio EHFDXVHWKH\DOVRKDYHSURMHFWVIRUWKH7HHQV\670)³%OXH3LOO´DQG
(63PLFURFRQWUROOHUV7KH$UGXLQRIDPLO\VLPSO\GLGQ¶WKDYHWKHKRUVHSRZHU
League, Inc. IRUVRPHRIWKHVHSURMHFWV´
Since 1939 $VDIROORZXSWR:7((¶VSURMHFWDERYH%UXFH(+DOO:%+KDVSXWWRJHWK
HU D VHULHV RI DUWLFOHV RQ KLV WDNH RQ -DFN¶V SURMHFW DW KWWSZEKQHW
For 75 years the 0RUVH7XWRUSGI!%UXFH¶VKLJKO\GHWDLOHGLQVWUXFWLRQVH[SORUHKLVLPSOHPHQWD
Young Ladies’ Radio WLRQRIWKHSURMHFW%UXFHDOVRSURYLGHVDQLQGHSWKGLVFXVVLRQRIWKH670)&
League, Inc. (YLRL) IURP670LFURHOHFWURQLFVDND³7KH%OXH3LOO´KHXVHGLQWKHSURMHFW%UXFHDOVR
has helped women H[SODLQVKRZWRXVHWKH$UGXLQR,'(WRSURJUDPWKHEOXHSLOOZKLFKLVGHILQLWHO\
find their voice in ZRUWKUHDGLQJHYHQLI\RXGRQRWSODQRQEXLOGLQJWKH0RUVH&RGH7XWRU%LOO¶VSUR
Amateur Radio with MHFWLVDQH[DPSOHRIKRZLQVSLUDWLRQIURPRQHSURMHFWFDQDFWXDOO\JURZLQWRLWV
members of all ages and interests. RZQXQLTXHSURMHFWDQGDQH[FHOOHQWOHDUQLQJRSSRUWXQLW\
The YLRL sponsors a number
of certificates for both YLs and OMs. GPS Clock
Members can earn special YL 7KLVQH[WLWHPFRPHVIURPWKH5)=HURZHEVLWH²³5)]HURERDUGLVDQ$UGXLQR
Certificates. FRPSDWLEOH *36EDVHG 5) FORFN JHQHUDWRU EXLOW DURXQG WKH SRZHUIXO
YL-Harmonics is our bi-monthly 6$0'* D 0+] ELW $50 SURFHVVRU IURP 0LFURFKLS $WPHO 7KH
publication highlighting what women 5)]HURFDQJHQHUDWHIUHTXHQFLHVIURP+]WREH\RQG0+]$WWKHVDPH
are doing in Amateur Radio. WLPH,2SLQVDUHDYDLODEOHDQGHLJKWRIWKRVHDUHYLDD8/1$SRZHUGUL
YLRL gives out scholarships to YLs YHU3URJUDPPLQJDQGFRQILJXUDWLRQDUHGRQHYLDWKH86%SRUW´7KHFRVWRI5)]HUR
each year. ERDUGLV'DQLVK.URQH'..ZKLFKVRXQGVOLNHDORWRIPRQH\EXWDFWXDOO\
For more information on the FRQYHUWVWRDURXQG86
YLRL, the current dues amounts,
weekly YL Net locations or how A MagPi (in a Raspberry Bush?)
to join please go to our website at :HILQLVKRXUPRQWKZLWKDIUHHHERRNGRZQORDGIURP7KH0DJ3L0DJD]LQH IRU
www.ylrl.org or contact the Publicity
Chairwoman, Cheryl Muhr, NØWBV
at n0wbv@earthlink.net. All Officer
information is also listed both on the
website and in each edition of the
magazine and you may contact any
Officer as well.
With thanks to the OMs who
encourage and support us.

Visit us at
www.ylrl.org

6FKHPDWLFIRUWKH.;0HPRU\&RPPDQGHU'LDJUDPE\/XF'HFURRV21'4

7KH:,3$0HJDNH\HU LVDYHUVLRQRIWKH.1*$UGXLQR.H\HU+HUHDUHLQVLGHDQGIURQWYLHZV3KRWRE\-&0DUWLQ

:,3$

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

:,3$0HJDNH\HUVFKHPDWLF'UDZLQJE\-&0DUWLQ:,3$

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

On the Cover 5DVSEHUU\3LWLWOHG$Q,QWURGXFWLRQWR& JUDPVLQ&DQGVWDUWFUHDWLQJ*8,V7KH
 *8,B3URJUDPPLQJ KWWSVWLQ\XUO ILUVWKDOIRIWKHERRNLVDQLQWURGXFWLRQ
FRP\\IVYDX! )URP WKH ZHEVLWH WR & DQG FRYHUV WKH EDVLFV RI ZULWLQJ
³(YHQLI\RXDUHDQDEVROXWHEHJLQQHU VLPSOH FRPPDQGOLQH SURJUDPV 7KH
WKLVSOXVSDJHERRNZLOOWHDFK\RX VHFRQGKDOIVKRZVKRZWRXVHWKH*7.
DOO\RXQHHGWRNQRZWRZULWHVLPSOHSUR XVHU LQWHUIDFH WRRONLW ZLWK & WR FUHDWH

6HUJH\ %DEDNKLQ (8$ RSHUDWLQJ

WKH  &4 :RUOG :LGH :3; 66%
&RQWHVWUHVXOWVSIURPKLVKRPH
VWDWLRQ LQ 0LQVN WKH FDSLWDO FLW\ RI
%HODUXVZLWKKLVFRQWHVWFDOORI(:=
'HVSLWH OLPLWHG VSDFH LQ D KLJKULVH
DSDUWPHQW EXLOGLQJ 6HUJH\ DFKLHYHV
WRSUHVXOWVLQDYDULHW\RIPDMRUFRQWHVWV
+LVVWDWLRQFRQVLVWVRI,&20,&DQG
(OHFUDIW.WUDQVFHLYHUVDQ20$
DPSOLILHU7+';WULEDQGEHDPXS
IHHWDQGVHYHUDOZLUHDQWHQQDVIRU
DQGPHWHUV
6HUJH\KDVEHHQDKDPVLQFH :7((¶V0RUVH&RGH7XWRU3KRWRE\-DFN3XUGXP:7((
ZKHQ DW DJH  KH VWDUWHG OHDUQLQJ
0RUVH FRGH DW FOXE VWDWLRQ 8&$:=
EHIRUH WKH EUHDNXS RI WKH 6RYLHW
8QLRQ +H GHYHORSHG KLV LQWHUHVW LQ
FRQWHVWLQJZKLOHRSHUDWLQJIURPWKHFOXE
VWDWLRQ6HUJH\VSHQWIRXU\HDUVLQWKH
ODWH¶VOLYLQJDQGZRUNLQJLQWKH8QLWHG
6WDWHVZKHUHKHDOVRJRWKLV86KDP
OLFHQVHQRZ.*-=DQGWKHRSSRUWX
QLW\WRRSHUDWHIURPPDMRUFRQWHVWVWD
WLRQVLQFOXGLQJ:38DQG.777
6HUJH\ UHFHLYHG KLV ILUVW %HODUXVLDQ
FDOOVLJQ (881 ZKHQ KH UHWXUQHG
KRPHLQ+HODWHUFKDQJHGWKDWFDOO
WR(8$DQGKDVDFRQWHVWFDOORI(:=
+HLVDPXOWLSOHFKDPSLRQRIWKH5HSXEOLF
RI%HODUXVRQ+)DQGKROGVWKHWLWOHRI
0DVWHU RI 6SRUWV RI WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO
&ODVVRIWKH5HSXEOLFRI%HODUXV6HUJH\
VD\V KLV JUHDWHVW FRQWHVWLQJ DFKLHYH
PHQWVLQFOXGHSODFLQJWKLUGLQODVW\HDU¶V
,$58+)&KDPSLRQVKLSVHFRQGLQWKH
 (XURSHDQ +) &KDPSLRQVKLS DQG
ILUVW SODFH LQ (XURSH LQ WKH &4 :3;
&RQWHVW¶V 7ULEDQGHU:LUHV RYHUOD\ LQ
DQG+HFDQQRZDGG
ILUVWLQWKHZRUOGLQWKDWFDWHJRU\LQWKH
:3;66%&RQWHVW
2XWVLGHRIKDPUDGLR6HUJH\LVDSUR
IHVVLRQDO UDGLR HQJLQHHUWHFKQRORJLVW
ZRUNLQJ IRU D ORFDO WHOHFRPPXQLFDWLRQ
FRPSDQ\+LVZLIH2OJDLVDWHDFKHUDQG
KLVVRQ(XJHQHZRUNVLQDUWLILFLDOLQWHO
OLJHQFHDQGPDFKLQHOHDUQLQJ%RWKVXS
SRUWKLVKDPDFWLYLWLHVDVKHQRWHV³DPD
WHXUUDGLRIRUPHLVQRWMXVWDKREE\EXW
DSDUWRIP\OLIH´ &RYHUSKRWRFRXUWHV\
6HUJH\%DEDNKLQ(8$ 6FKHPDWLFIRU:7((0RUVH&RGH7XWRU'LDJUDPE\-DFN3XUGXP:7((

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 IHDWXUHULFK*8,DSSOLFDWLRQVZKLFKFDQ
EHUXQRQWKHGHVNWRS´
:KLOH\RXDUHDW7KH0DJ3L0DJD]LQH
VLWH FKHFN RXW WKHLU WXWRULDOV DW
ZZZUDVSEHUU\SLRUJPDJSLWXWRULDOV!
$PRQJ WKH PDQ\ SURMHFWV LV ³3LFWXUHV
)URP6SDFH9LD+DP5DGLR´ZKLFKXWL
OL]HVD5DVSEHUU\3LDQGDQ57/8
6'5 86% GRQJOH WR UHFHLYH DQG YLHZ
6679 SLFWXUHV WUDQVPLWWHG IURP WKH
,QWHUQDWLRQDO6SDFH6WDWLRQ,667KLV
SURMHFW ZDV DOVR IHDWXUHG LQ WKH $SULO
LVVXHRIWKHPDJD]LQHZKLFKDWWKH
WLPHRIWKLVZULWLQJZDVDYDLODEOHDVDIUHH
5)=HUR GRZQORDGIURPWKHLUZHEVLWHDWKWWSV
WLQ\XUOFRP\\JZXDT!7KH$SULOLVVXH
DOVR IHDWXUHG D SDJH VHFWLRQ RQ
$PDWHXU 5DGLR DQG 5DVSEHUU\ 3L SUR
MHFWV LQFOXGLQJ D GLJLWDO YRLFH KRWVSRW
VDWHOOLWH WUDFNLQJ $356 ,*DWH UHPRWH
6'5 VFDQQHU :635 WUDQVPLWWHU DQG
DQ$'6%IOLJKWWUDFNHU

What Else is Out There?

'R \RX NQRZ RI D 0LFURFRQWUROOHU
'HYLFHV—&'LQ$PDWHXU5DGLRSUR
MHFW RU DUH \RX ZRUNLQJ RQ RQH \RXU
VHOI",DOZD\VZHOFRPH\RXUHPDLOFRP
PHQWV DQG TXHVWLRQV WR PDNH WKLV
FROXPQEHWWHU

7KH5)]HUREORFNVFKHPDWLF

HamTestOnline™ƐƚƵĚĞŶƚƐĂƌĞ
ϱϬƟŵĞƐŵŽƌĞůŝŬĞůLJƚŽŐŝǀĞƵƐ
ϱƐƚĂƌƐƚŚĂŶƌĞƋƵĞƐƚĂƌĞĨƵŶĚ
ďĞĐĂƵƐĞƚŚĞLJĨĂŝůĞĚĂŶĞdžĂŵ͊
H+DPQHWUHYLHZV
ϳϳϵ
RXWRIVWDUV
VWDU ϳϱϴ
VWDU ϭϴ
VWDU Ϯ
VWDU ϭ
VWDU Ϭ
7KH $SULO  ,VVXH RI 7KH 0DJ3L 7KH0DJ3LPDJD]LQHDUWLFOHLQFOXGHG
dŚĞďĞƐƚƐƚƵĚLJŵĞƚŚŽĚ͕ĐƵƐƚŽŵĞƌƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͕
PDJD]LQHIHDWXUHGDVHFWLRQRQ5DVS VL[ UDGLRUHODWHG SURMHFWV DQG D QXP ĂŶĚŐƵĂƌĂŶƚĞĞŝŶƚŚĞŝŶĚƵƐƚƌLJ͊
EHUU\3LLQDPDWHXUUDGLR EHURIQLFHZRUGVDERXWDPDWHXUUDGLR www.hamtestonline.com

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 LEARNING CURVE
BY RON OCHU, KOØZ

Introduction to DMR

*
HQHUDOO\\RXU³/HDUQLQJ&XUYH´ HGLWRUPDNHVHYHU\
HIIRUWWRVWD\MXVWDKHDGRIWKHFXUYHZLWKHDFKPRQWK
O\DUWLFOH7KLVPRQWK¶VFROXPQLVGLIIHUHQW,DPRQ
WKHRWKHUVLGHRIWKHFXUYHZKLFKLVWRVD\WKHOHDUQLQJVLGH
,DPKDYLQJIXQOHDUQLQJDERXWDQHZPRGH'LJLWDO0RELOH
5DGLR RU '05 7KLV PRQWK¶V DUWLFOH ZLOO EH DQ DWWHPSW WR
VKDUHZLWK\RXZKDW,¶YHGLVFRYHUHGVRIDULQKRSHVLWPD\
VHUYHWRSLTXH\RXULQWHUHVWDVZHOO)XWXUHDUWLFOHVZLOOXSGDWH
\RXRQP\SURJUHVV

What is Digital Radio?

'LJLWDOUDGLRLVQRWQHZ,W¶VEHHQDURXQGIRUTXLWHVRPHWLPH
HYHQ RQ WKH +) +LJK )UHTXHQF\ EDQGV $QDORJ VLJQDOV
YRLFHHWFDUHFRQYHUWHGLQWRGLJLWDOVWUHDPVRIRQHVDQG
]HURVXVLQJDGHYLFHRUSURJUDPFDOOHGDFRGHFZKLFKLVD
EOHQGEHWZHHQFRGHU DQGGHFRGHU,QRWKHUZRUGVDFRGHF
WDNHV DQ DQDORJ VLJQDO FRQYHUWV LW WR GLJLWDO DQG WKHQ
FKDQJHVWKHVLJQDOIURPGLJLWDOEDFNWRDQDORJ
$FFRUGLQJWRKWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\[KIS]!DQGDQDUWLFOH
E\5DQGROSK5DPVD\³'LJLWDOUDGLRLVWRQRUPDOUDGLRZKDW
GLJLWDOWHOHYLVLRQLVWR\RXUVWDQGDUGDQDORJ79,W¶VWKHPRVW
VLJQLILFDQWXSJUDGHWRKDSSHQVLQFHWKHLQWURGXFWLRQRI)0
LQ$XVWUDOLDLQWKHVDQGWKHOHDSLQTXDOLW\LVFRPSDUD
EOH WR )0 YHUVXV $0 « WKH UHVXOW LV FORVHWR&'TXDOLW\
VRXQG RXWSXW :KLOH $0)0 UDGLR TXDOLW\ FDQ VXIIHU IURP
LQWHUIHUHQFHFDXVHGE\VLJQDOVERXQFLQJRIIZDOOVEXLOGLQJV
KLOOVDQGRWKHUVWUXFWXUHVGLJLWDOUDGLRUHFHLYHUVKDYHEXLOW
LQWHFKQRORJ\WKDWFOHDQVDQGILOWHUVWUDQVPLVVLRQVPDNLQJ
LQWHUIHUHQFH SUDFWLFDOO\ QRQH[LVWHQW 7KH GRZQVLGH LV WKDW
\RXHLWKHUJHWVLJQDORU\RXGRQ¶W´
3KRWR$0HHW&DUORV$U]XDJDV:)(P\'05(OPHU$OO
0\OLPLWHGH[SHULHQFHZLWKGLJLWDOUDGLRYLD'05LVWKHDXGLR
SKRWRVH[FHSWIRU3KRWR+E\.2‘=
TXDOLW\FDQEHJRRGEXWLWVWLOOFDQEHGLVWRUWHGDQG,DJUHH
HLWKHU \RX JHW D VLJQDO RU \RX GRQ¶W 8QOLNH DQDORJ YRLFH
PRGHVWKHUHLVQ¶WWRRPXFKLQEHWZHHQ1RQHWKHOHVVGLJL
WKUHH PDMRU SODWIRUPV .'()2¶V SUHVHQWDWLRQ IXUWKHU
WDOUDGLRLVIXQWRSOD\ZLWKDQGLWGRHVRIIHUDORWRIH[FLWLQJ
SLTXHGP\LQWHUHVW7KLV\HDUDWWKH'D\WRQ+DPYHQWLRQŠ,
KDPUDGLRFRPPXQLFDWLRQSRVVLELOLWLHV
PHQWLRQHG WR WZR IULHQGV -RKQ .LQJ :.;4 DQG .HQ
5HJUHWWDEO\WKHUHLVQ¶WDVWDQGDUGDPDWHXUUDGLRGLJLWDOSODW
1RUULV..13KRWR&WKDW,ZDVSODQQLQJWRSXUFKDVHD
IRUP PRGH ,&20 KDV '67$5 <DHVX KDV )XVLRQ DOVR
'05UDGLRDQGZDVORRNLQJIRUDJRRGGHDO7KH\IRXQGRQH
NQRZQDV&)0DQGWKHUH¶V'051RQHRIWKHVHGLJLWDOSODW
IRUPVFDQFRPPXQLFDWHGLUHFWO\ ZLWKRQHDQRWKHU+RZHYHU
WKHUHDUHZD\VIRUWKHVHSODWIRUPVWRFRPPXQLFDWHEHWZHHQ
HDFKRWKHUEXWWKDW¶VDWRSLFIRUDIXWXUHDUWLFOH
My DMR Introduction
IRUPHLQWKHIOHDPDUNHW(YHQEHWWHUP\IULHQGVNQHZWKH
RZQHUDQGFRXOGYRXFKIRUKLVLQWHJULW\DQGWKH+7¶VTXDOL
W\&RQVHTXHQWO\,FRXOGYHQWXUHLQWRWKHGLJLWDOZRUOGGR
VRPHH[SORULQJDQGQRWLQYHVWDVL]DEOHDPRXQWRIPRQH\
LQWRDQLFKHRIRXUKREE\WKDW,ZDVQ¶WVXUH,ZDVUHDG\WR
GLYHLQWRKHDGILUVW
$ OLWWOH RYHU D \HDU DJR D FORVH IULHQG &DUORV $U]XDJDV 0\QHZO\DFTXLUHG7<70'3KRWR'SXWVRXWHLWKHU
:)(3KRWR$ZDVH[FLWHGWRVKRZPHKLVODWHVWHQGHDY ZDWWVRUZDWWLWFRPHVHTXLSSHGZLWKDUXEEHUGXFN
RULQWRGLJLWDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQV&DUORVEURXJKWKLV7<7'05 DQWHQQDDQGDP$K/LLRQEDWWHU\$JDLQWKDQNVWR
KDQGKHOGUDGLR+7DQGKLVRSHQVSRW$QRSHQVSRWRUKRW :.;4DQG..1WKH\WRRNP\QHZO\SXUFKDVHG+7DQG
VSRWOLVWHQVIRUWKH+7¶VGLJLWDOVLJQDODQGXVLQJ%OXHWRRWK SURJUDPPHGLWGXULQJWKH+DPYHQWLRQŠ WRJHWPHVWDUWHG
WHWKHUHGWRKLVFHOOSKRQH&DUORVZDVDEOHWRFKDWZLWKKDPV 0\ '05 0' LV D GLJLWDO PRGXODWHG GXDOEDQG +7
LQWKH86DQGHYHQLQ(QJODQGIURPDUXUDOFHQWUDO,OOLQRLV YHU\ KLJK IUHTXHQF\ 9+)  0+] XOWUDKLJK IUH
WRZQZHOOEH\RQGWKHUDQJHRIDQ\GLJLWDOUHSHDWHUV,ZDV TXHQF\ 8+)  0+] WUDQVFHLYHU ZLWK  SUR
LQWULJXHG JUDPPDEOHFKDQQHOV
$WDFOXEPHHWLQJDERXWD\HDUODWHU0DUN/HZLV.'()2 '05UDGLRVDUHDOVRFDSDEOHRIWUDQVPLWWLQJDQGUHFHLYLQJ
3KRWR%JDYHDSUHVHQWDWLRQDERXWGLJLWDOUDGLRDQGWKH DQDORJ)0VLJQDOV7<7LVDYHU\SRSXODULQWURGXFWRU\GLJL
WDO +7 EXW , KHDU D ORW RI KDPV DOVR XVLQJ $Q\7RQH $7

(PDLONR]#FTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP! '89+7V,QDGGLWLRQVHYHUDORWKHU&KLQHVHPDQXIDF

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 MASTWERKS™ RTS 1500 SERIES
FULL FEATURED LIGHTWEIGHT QUICK-DEPLOY
MASTS AND TRIPODS FOR THE AMATEUR RADIO
COMMUNITY AND BEYOND.
AVAILABLE IN 3
ADJUSTABLE HEIGHTS
13’ 23’
BULLSEYE LEVEL
Enables leveling
of mast
quickly in the field.
ORDER NOW at www.buddipole.com
WXUHUVRIIHU'05UDGLRVDQG$OLQFRKDVDIXOOOLQHRI'05
JHDU LQFOXGLQJ KDQGKHOGV PRELOH WUDQVFHLYHUV DQG
UHSHDWHUV$WWKLVSRLQWLQP\³OHDUQLQJFXUYH´ ,FDQ¶WRIIHU
DQ\DGYLFHRQHLWKHURIWKHVHUDGLRVRWKHUWKDQWRSRLQWRXW
WKDW7<7+7VDUHOHVVH[SHQVLYHWKDQ$Q\7RQH+7V6RIDU
LQP\YHU\OLPLWHGH[SHULHQFH,KDYHQ¶WH[SHULHQFHGDQ\GLI
ROTATIONAL TRIPOD & MAST SYSTEMS
UNIQUE HAND CRANK
Rotates tripod nearly
effortlessly. Automatically
locks into position. (Remote
controlled motor driven unit
available Fall 2019).
32’
PATENT-PENDING
MAST TUBE
Prevents rotation within
itself and thereby removes
the rotational forces on the
collar locks.
LEVER LOCKS
Enable incredibly fast and
secure height changes.
Single hand operation.
www.mastwerks.com / 503.372.6474 / info@mastwerks.com
JRQ,I,GRP\MREFRUUHFWO\\RX¶OOJHWVRPHDQVZHUVDQGQRW
HQGXSWRRFRQIXVHG/HW¶VJLYHLWDZKLUO
&RGHSOXJV $FRGHSOXJLVDFRPPHUFLDOWHUPIRUSUR
JUDPPLQJDUDGLR)RUH[DPSOHZLWKDQDQDORJ)0UDGLR
RQHRIWKHILUVWWKLQJV\RX¶OOQHHGWRGRLVWRSURJUDP\RXU
UDGLR IRU VLPSOH[ WUDQVPLW DQG UHFHLYH RQ WKH VDPH IUH
ILFXOWLHVDQG,¶YHUHFHLYHGJRRGVLJQDOUHSRUWVIURPRWKHUV TXHQF\RUUHSHDWHURSHUDWLRQWUDQVPLWRQRQHIUHTXHQF\
DQG UHFHLYH RQ DQRWKHU 2QFH WKH IUHTXHQF\ LV HQWHUHG
Advice on Getting Started \RX¶OOQHHGWRDGG&7&66FRQWLQXRXVWRQHFRGHGVTXHOFK
V\VWHPIUHTXHQFLHVSRZHURXWSXWHWF6RPHUDGLRVDUH
:)(VXJJHVWVZDWFKLQJ<RX7XEHYLGHRVWRJHWDFTXDLQW
HDV\WRSURJUDPZKLOHRWKHUVDUHIDUHDVLHUWRSURJUDPYLD
HGZLWK'05,IRXQG+DPUDGLRWREHDJUHDWUHVRXUFH
D VRIWZDUH SURJUDP VXFK DV &KLUS RU UDGLRVSHFLILF SUR
KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\NOTDHT!:)(SRLQWVRXWWKDWWKHUHLV
JUDPV IURP 57 6\VWHPV 7<7 +7V KDYH D VRIWZDUH SUR
DGHILQLWHOHDUQLQJFXUYHWRGLJLWDOUDGLR:LWKOHDUQLQJDQ\
JUDPWKDWPDNHVSURJUDPPLQJLWIDUHDVLHU&RGHSOXJVDUH
WKLQJQHZLW¶VDGYLVDEOHWKDWWDNLQJ\RXUWLPHFRQWDLQLQJ\RXU
QRWKDUGWRSURJUDPDQG\RXGRQ¶WQHHGWREHDFRPSXWHU
H[XEHUDQFHDQGDVNLQJIRUKHOSZLOOVSHHGXSWKHOHDUQLQJ
SURJUDPPHUWRSRSXODWHDFRGHSOXJ,W¶VVLPSO\DPDWWHU
SURFHVV,¶YHIRXQG:)(¶VDGYLFHWREHVSRWRQ&DUORVDOVR
RISXWWLQJWKHFRUUHFWLQIRUPDWLRQVXFKDVIUHTXHQF\HWF
DGYLVHVWRUHDGDOO\RXFDQDERXW'05+HKDVDQH[FHOOHQW
LQWRWKHSURSHUVORWLQWKHVRIWZDUHSURJUDPEXWILUVW\RX¶OO
ZHEVLWHKWWSVTVOQHWZIHGPUKWPO!WKDWRIIHUVMXVWDERXW
QHHGWRNQRZWKHWHUPV)RULQVWDQFHZHNQRZWKDWLQWKH
DQ\WKLQJ\RXQHHGWRNQRZFRQFHUQLQJ'05DQGWKDWLQFOXGHV
DQDORJUHSHDWHUZRUOGWKHWHUPRIIVHWUHIHUVWRWKHGLIIHU
LQVWUXFWLRQVRQKRZWRSURJUDP\RXURZQFRGHSOXJV:)(
HQFHEHWZHHQDUHSHDWHU¶VLQSXWDQGRXWSXWIUHTXHQFLHV
KDVWDNHQDORWRILQIRUPDWLRQDQGFRQVROLGDWHGLWLQWRRQH
'05LVVLPLODUEXWXVHVGLIIHUHQWWHUPV
ZHEVLWH7KLQNRILWDVDRQHVWRS'05VSRW,QIDFWKLVZHE
7DONJURXS $WDONJURXSLVDQRWKHUWHUPIRUDFKDQQHOWKDW
VLWHKDVDQH[WUHPHO\ZHOOZULWWHQ³,QWURGXFWLRQWR'05´ E\
JURXSVVLPLODULQWHUHVWVUDQJLQJIURPYHU\EURDGWRYHU\VSH
7KH '05 'RFXPHQWDWLRQ 3URMHFW DW KWWSSQZGLJLWDOQHW
FLILF7KLQNRILWDVDKDPUDGLRFOXE7KHUHDUHQDWLRQDOFOXEV
LQIR,QWURGXFWLRQ'05SGI! :)( HQMR\V KHOSLQJ IHOORZ
ORFDOFOXEV';ORQJGLVWDQFHFOXEV453ORZSRZHUFOXEV
KDPVDQGDQ\UHDGHUVZKRPD\KDYHTXHVWLRQVFDQUHDFK
&DUORVDW&DUORV#ZIHFRP!
DMR Jargon
3HUKDSVDJRRGSODFHWRIXUWKHURXU³IRUDJHLQWRGLJLWDO´ LVWR
ZUDSRXUPLQGVDURXQGVRPH'05EDVLFFRQFHSWVDQGMDU
',<GRLW\RXUVHOIFOXEVHWF'05IRU'XPPLHVGHILQHVD
'05WDONJURXSDV³VLPSO\DZD\RIJURXSLQJPDQ\UDGLR,'V
LQWRDVLQJOHGLJLWDOFRQWDFW2USXWDQRWKHUZD\DWDONJURXS
LVDPHWKRGRIRUJDQL]LQJUDGLRWUDIILFVSHFLILFWRWKH'05
XVHUVWKDWDOOZDQWWRKHDUWKHVDPHWKLQJDQGQRWEHERWK
HUHGE\RWKHUUDGLRWUDIILFRQD'05QHWZRUNWKDWWKH\DUH

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

ANNOUNCEMENTS IURPSDJH
/21*0217&2/25$'2²7KH%RXOGHU$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGWKHWK
$QQXDO%$5&IHVW+DPIHVW EHJLQQLQJDP6XQGD\2FWREHUDWWKH%RXOGHU&RXQW\
)DLUJURXQGV  1HOVRQ 5RDG &RQWDFW 0LNH :',)   (PDLO
EDUF#DUUOQHW!:HEVLWHZZZTVOQHWZGN!9(H[DPV
:(67)5,(1'6+,30$5</$1'²7KH&ROXPELD$PDWHXU5DGLR$VVRFLDWLRQ
ZLOOKROGWKH&$5$)HVW EHJLQQLQJDP6XQGD\2FWREHUDWWKH+RZDUG&RXQW\
)DLUJURXQGV)DLUJURXQGV5RDG&RQWDFW'DYLG3DUNLVRQ.%9'<
(PDLO YHQGRUVDOHV#FDUDIHVWRUJ! RU LQIR#FDUDIHVWRUJ! :HEVLWH ZZZFDUDIHVW
RUJ!9(H[DPV';FDUGFKHFNLQJ
:(67/,%(57<,2:$²7KH0XVFDWLQH$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE DQGWKH:DVKLQJWRQ
$UHD$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGWKH6RXWKHDVW,RZD+DPIHVW DQG$55/,RZD
6WDWH&RQYHQWLRQ IURPDPWRSP6XQGD\2FWREHUDWWKH0XVFDWLQH&RXQW\
)DLUJURXQGV1&OD\6WUHHW&RQWDFW&6FRWW5LFKDUGVRQ1‘05=
:HEVLWH ZZZZDDUFQHW! 7DONLQ  3/  RU  9( H[DPV FDUG
FKHFNLQJ
0(/%2851()/25,'$²7KH3ODWLQXP&RDVW$PDWHXU5DGLR6RFLHW\ ZLOOKROG
WKHWK $QQXDO0HOERXUQH+DPIHVW DQG$55/)ORULGD6WDWH&RQYHQWLRQ IURP
WRSP)ULGD\2FWREHUDQGIURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\2FWREHUDWWKH
0HOERXUQH $XGLWRULXP  ( +LELVFXV %RXOHYDUG (PDLO KDPIHVW#SFDUVRUJ!
:HEVLWHKWWSSFDUVRUJ!7DONLQ9(H[DPV';&&FDUGFKHFNLQJ
/,0$2+,2²7KH1RUWKZHVW2KLR$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGLWV)DOO+DPIHVW
EHJLQQLQJDP6DWXUGD\2FWREHUDWWKH5DEELW%DUQ±$OOHQ&RXQW\)DLUJURXQGV
+DUGLQJ+LJKZD\&RQWDFW%RE%XWOHW.(%&-(PDLORIILFHU
ERE#\DKRRFRP!:HEVLWHZZZQZRDUFFRP!7DONLQ
0255,/721$5.$16$6²7KH5DQG\*ULIILQ0HPRULDO5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGWKH
.%2&0HPRULDO+DP)HVW IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\2FWREHUWKDW3HWLW-HDQ
/XWKHUDQ &DPS  0RQWJRPHU\ 7UDFH 3KRQH   RU  
:HEVLWHKWWSNERFRUJ!9(H[DPV
:,167216$/(01257+&$52/,1$²7KH)RUV\WK$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOO
KROG WKH :LQVWRQ6DOHP )DOOIHVW IURP  DP WR QRRQ 6DWXUGD\ 2FWREHU  DW WKH
5RELQKRRG 5RDG %DSWLVW &KXUFK  5RELQKRRG 5RDG :HEVLWH KWWSZQFFRP!
7DONLQ3/ 3KRWR%0DUN/HZLV.'()2DQRWKHUGLJLWDOKDPXVLQJ
($67 5,'*( 7(11(66(( ² 7KH &KDWWDQRRJD $PDWHXU 5DGLR &OXE ZLOO KROG
+DPIHVW&KDWWDQRRJD DQGWKH$55/'HOWD'LYLVLRQ&RQYHQWLRQ )ULGD\
<DHVX)XVLRQ
2FWREHU  DQG 6DWXUGD\ 2FWREHU  DW WKH &DPS -RUGDQ $UHQD  &DPS -RUGDQ
3DUNZD\ &RQWDFW *DU\ 2ZQVE\ $.=; JVRZQVE\#ZDPQHW! RU %DUFOD\ 0DF
7KRPDV:7%7PDFWKRPDV#ZDPQHW!9(H[DPV';&&FDUGFKHFNLQJIR[KXQWV
6$15$021&$/,)251,$²7KH0W'LDEOR$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROG3$&,
),&21 DQGWKH$55/3DFLILF'LYLVLRQ&RQYHQWLRQ IURP)ULGD\2FWREHU
WKURXJK6XQGD\2FWREHUDWWKH6DQ5DPRQ0DUULRWW%LVKRS'ULYH:HEVLWH
ZZZSDFLILFRQRUJ!9(H[DPVVSHFLDOHYHQWVWDWLRQ7KXQW
*5((1(9,//(7(11(66((²7KH$QGUHZ-RKQVRQ$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOO
KROGWKHWK $QQXDO*UHHQHYLOOH+DPIHVW IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\2FWREHU
DWWKH*UHHQH&RXQW\)DLUJURXQGV±7KH&RPPHUFLDO%XLOGLQJ)DLU*URXQGV5RDG
&RQWDFW 5RGQH\ :HEE   (PDLO ZZUHDUHV#JPDLOFRP! 7DONLQ
3/3/3/RU3/9(
H[DPV
086.(*210,&+,*$1²7KH0XVNHJRQ$UHD$PDWHXU5DGLR&RXQFLO DQGWKH
0XVNHJRQ&RXQW\5$&(6 ZLOOKROGWKH0XVHNHJRQ&RORU7RXU+DPIHVW IURPDP
WRQRRQ6DWXUGD\2FWREHUDWWKH)HOORZVKLS5HIRUPHG&KXUFK($SSOH$YHQXH
&RQWDFW-LP'XUDP(PDLOPFWKDPIHVW#JPDLOFRP!7DONLQ
3/
5,&.55($/25(*21²7KH0LG9DOOH\$5(6 ZLOOKROG6ZDS7REHU)HVW IURP
DP WR  SP 6DWXUGD\ 2FWREHU  DW WKH 3RON &RXQW\ )DLUJURXQGV  6 3DFLILF
+LJKZD\:HVW&RQWDFW'RQ%UXVFK.81NXQ#VZDSWREHUIHVWQHW!
6+(/%<9,//(,1',$1$²7KH%OXH5LYHU9DOOH\$PDWHXU5DGLR6RFLHW\ ZLOOKROG
WKH6KHOE\YLOOH7DLOJDWH IURPDPWRQRRQ6DWXUGD\2FWREHUDWWKH6KHOE\
&RXQW\ )DLUJURXQGV  )UDQN 6WUHHW :HEVLWH ZZZEUYDUUVFRP! 7DONLQ 
3/
6,17217(;$6²7KH6RXWK7H[DV+DPIHVW$VVRFLDWLRQ ZLOOKROGWKH6RXWK7H[DV
+DPIHVW (OHFWURQLFV([SR IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\2FWREHUDWWKH
6DQ3DWULFLR&RXQW\)DLUJURXQGV(YHQW&HQWHU:WK 6WUHHW:HEVLWHZZZVRXWK
WH[DVKDPIHVWRUJ!
:,6&216,15$3,'6:,6&216,1²7KHVW $QQXDO:LVFRQVLQ6WDWH$5(6
5$&(6&RQIHUHQFH ZLOOEHKHOGIURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\2FWREHUDWWKH
0F0LOODQ0HPRULDO/LEUDU\(DVW*UDQG$YHQXH:HEVLWHKWWSZLDUHVUDFHVRUJ!
&$0%5,'*(0$66$&+86(776²7KH+DUYDUG:LUHOHVV&OXE0,7(OHFWURQLFV
5HVHDUFK6RFLHW\0,78+)5HSHDWHU$VVRFLDWLRQDQGWKH0,75DGLR6RFLHW\ ZLOO
KROGWKH)OHDDW0,7 IURPDPWRSP6XQGD\2FWREHUDWWKH3DUNLQJ*DUDJHRQ 3KRWR&-RKQ.LQJ:.;4DQG.HQ1RUULV..1DUHP\
WKH FRUQHU RI $OEDQ\ DQG 0DLQ 6WUHHWV 3KRQH   :HEVLWH
ZZZVZDSIHVWXV!7DONLQ3/ RWKHU'05(OPHUV-RKQRZQVWKH.4//'05UHSHDWHU
.$/$0$=22 0,&+,*$1 ² 7KH .DODPD]RR $PDWHXU 5DGLR &OXE DQG WKH
6RXWKZHVW 0LFKLJDQ $PDWHXU 5DGLR 7HDP ZLOO KROG WKH WK $QQXDO .DODPD]RR
+DPIHVW $PDWHXU5DGLR6ZDSDQG6KRS IURPDPWRQRRQ6XQGD\2FWREHU QRWLQWHUHVWHGLQKHDULQJ´ 6RPHWDONJURXSH[DPSOHVDUH7DF
DWWKH.DODPD]RR&RXQW\([SR&HQWHUDQG)DLUJURXQGV/DNH6WUHHW3KRQH
 (PDLO LQIR#NDODPD]RRKDPIHVWFRP! :HEVLWH KWWSNDODPD]RRKDP
7DF,OOLQRLV6WDWH3DUURWHWF
IHVWFRP!7DONLQ3/9(H[DPV =RQH '05UDGLRVXVH]RQHV7KLQNRID]RQHDVDILOLQJ
6(//(569,//(3(116</9$1,$²7KH5)+LOO$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGLWV FDELQHWLQZKLFKRQHILOHRIWKHFDELQHWPD\FRQWDLQ%1&FRQ
+DPIHVW IURPDPWRSP6XQGD\2FWREHUDWWKH6HOOHUVYLOOH)LUH+RXVH1
0DLQ6WUHHW&RQWDFW-LP6RHWH:$</4)D[(PDLO QHFWRUVDQRWKHUILOHKDV3/FRQQHFWRUVDQG\HWDQRWK
ZD\OT#KRWPDLOFRP!:HEVLWHZZZUIKLOODUFFOXE!7DONLQ3/9( HUKDV1FRQQHFWRUV7KH%1&3/DQG1FRQQHFWRUV
H[DPV
.,5.:22'0,66285,²7KH6DLQW/RXLV$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXE ZLOOKROGWKH6DLQW FDQ DOO EH JURXSHG XQGHU WKH =RQH ³5) FRQQHFWRUV´
/RXLV+DOORZHHQ+DPIHVW IURPDPWRQRRQ6DWXUGD\2FWREHUDWWKH.LUNZRRG )XUWKHULQJWKLVH[DPSOH\RXKDYHDQRWKHUILOHZLWKFDUERQ
&RPPXQLW\&HQWHU6*H\HU5RDG&RQWDFW6WHYH:HOWRQ(PDLO
VOZHOWRQ#JPDLOFRP! :HEVLWH KWWSKDOORZHHQKDPIHVWRUJ! 7DONLQ  9( UHVLVWRUV $ VHFRQG ILOH KDV ZLUHZRXQG UHVLVWRUV DQG VWLOO
H[DPV DQRWKHUILOHLVILOOHGZLWKVXUIDFHPRXQWUHVLVWRUV<RXJURXS
/<119,//( ,1',$1$ ² 7KH 7UL6WDWH $PDWHXU 5DGLR 6RFLHW\ ZLOO KROG WKH
6RXWKHUQ ,QGLDQD 6HFRQG $QQXDO +DPWREHU )HVW IURP  DP WR QRRQ 6DWXUGD\ WKHVHUHVLVWRUVXQGHUWKHFDWHJRU\]RQHRIUHVLVWRUV<RX
2FWREHU  DW WKH /\QQYLOOH &RPPXQLW\ &HQWHU  : 6WDWH 5RDG  (PDLO KDP JHWWKHLGHD,QWKH'05ZRUOGD]RQHFRQWDLQVWDONJURXSV
IHVW#ZRJQHW!:HEVLWHKWWSKDPWREHUIHVWFRP!7DONLQ3/
0$5,&23$ $5,=21$ ² 7KH 0DULFRSD $PDWHXU 5DGLR $VVRFLDWLRQ ZLOO KROG
(DFK]RQHFDQKROGXSWRGLIIHUHQWWDONJURXSVXVLQJDQ\
&23$)(67 IURPDPWRSP6DWXUGD\2FWREHUDW7KH8OWUDVWDUDW$N&KLQ QDPH\RXZDQWWRFDOO\RXU]RQH7KH7<70'KDVD
&LUFOH  1 0DULFRSD 5RDG :HEVLWH ZZZFRSDIHVWRUJ! 7DONLQ  3/ PHQXVFUHHQ3KRWR(WKDWLQFOXGHV]RQHV,VLPSO\XVHRQH
3/RU3/

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

3KRWR'0\LQWURGXFWLRQWR'05UDGLR
D7<70''05+7

RIWKHDUURZNH\VWRVFUROOGRZQWR]RQHV
DQGWKHQ,SUHVVWKHFRQILUPEXWWRQ7KLV
DFWLRQ QRZ EULQJV PH WR WKH ]RQH )LJXUH  -RKQ .LQJ¶V .4// '05 UHSHDWHU FRYHUDJH DUHD LQ FHQWUDO ,OOLQRLV
VFUHHQ&XUUHQWO\RQP\+7,KDYHIRXU &RXUWHV\RI-RKQ.LQJ
]RQHV+RPH67/6KLORKDQG$QDORJ
3KRWR)7KHUHDUHWDONJURXSVLQHDFK
]RQH )RU H[DPSOH RQH RI WKH WDON ELH,VXVSHFWVLPSOH[FRXOGEHXVHGDW OLVWHQVIRUDGLJLWDOVLJQDORQ
JURXSVLQP\³+RPH=RQH´ LV7$& SXEOLFVHUYLFHHYHQWVRUEHWZHHQIULHQGV 0+] DQG WUDQVPLWV GLJLWDOO\ RQ
3KRWR * 0\ DQDORJ ]RQH FRQWDLQV
ORFDO)0DQDORJUHSHDWHUIUHTXHQFLHV
5HPHPEHU'05WUDQVFHLYHUVDUHDOVR
FDSDEOH RI WUDQVPLWWLQJ DQG UHFHLYLQJ
QRUPDO)0UHSHDWHUV3DUWRIWKHIXQRI
'05 LV WKDW \RX JHW WR QDPH D ]RQH
DQGWRDVVLJQZKLFKWDONJURXSVJRLQWR
\RXU]RQH
5'LVK 6RPHWLPHV ZKLOH OLVWHQLQJ
WR '05 WUDQVPLVVLRQV WKH DXGLR ZLOO
VRXQG JDUEOHG DQG GLVWRUWHG 'LJLWDO
KDPVUHIHUWRWKLVDV5'LVKRU³JROO\
ORRNLQJIRUGHDOVDWDVZDSIHVW
'05UHSHDWHUV7KHUHDUHTXLWHDIHZ
'05 UHSHDWHUV .XGRV WR WKH '05
UHSHDWHUWUXVWHHVDQGFOXEVWKDWVSRQ
VRUVXSSRUWWKHPDVZHOODVRWKHUGLJ
LWDO UHSHDWHUV VXFK DV )XVLRQ DQG '
67$5,XVH-RKQ.LQJ¶V.4//'05
UHSHDWHU LQ *UHHQYLOOH ,OOLQRLV ZZZ
ZN[TFRPGPU!7KH.44/UHSHDW
HULVDSSUR[LPDWHO\PLOHVDZD\IURP
P\47+0\7<70'RQZDWWV
FRQQHFWHGWRDURRIPRXQWHGGXDOEDQG
0+],WKDVDFRORUFRGHRI
$FRORUFRGHDFWVWKHVDPHZDVDVD
&7&66 WRQH GRHV IRU DQ DQDORJ
UHSHDWHU-XVWOLNH&7&66WRQHVFRORU
FRGH HQFU\SWLRQ KHOSV WR OLPLW WKH
UHSHDWHUIURPEHLQJNH\HGXSE\VWUD\
VLJQDOV
'05 UHSHDWHUV FRQWDLQ WDON JURXSV
7KHUHSHDWHURZQHUFKRRVHVZKLFKWDON
JURXSV DUH DYDLODEOH RQ WKH UHSHDWHU
7KHVHWDONJURXSVDUHDVVLJQHGE\WKH
UHSHDWHURZQHUWRWLPHVORWV)LJXUHV
ZREEOH´ DXGLR,WGRHVQ¶WKDSSHQDOOWKH YHUWLFDO FDQ UHDFK LW RQ PRVW GD\V DQG  '05 UHSHDWHUV XVH WZR WLPH
WLPH EXW LW GRHV KDSSHQ *HQHUDOO\ .;4¶VUHSHDWHUKDVH[FHOOHQWFRYHUDJH VORWV$'05LVDZLGHEDQGVLJQDOWKDW
5'LVKRUJROO\ZREEOHDXGLRKDSSHQV )LJXUHEHFDXVHKLVDQWHQQDLVORFDW RFFXSLHVDSSUR[LPDWHO\N+]LQEDQG
ZKHQGLJLWDOSDFNHWVFROOLGHDQGWKHUH HGRQWRSRIDIRRWWRZHUDQGLW¶V ZLGWK ELW LV XVXDOO\ VSOLW LQWR WZR VXE
DUHEDQGZLGWKLVVXHV IHGZLWKORZORVVFDEOH3KRWR+'05 EDQGV+HQFHLWLVFRPPRQSUDFWLFHWR
UHSHDWHUVDUHOLNHDQDORJUHSHDWHUVLQ DVVLJQRQHN+]VLJQDOWRDWLPHVORW
DMR Uses RF to Communicate WKDWWKH\H[WHQGWKHXVDEOHGLJLWDOUDQJH DQGDQRWKHUWRDVHFRQGWLPHVORW
'05XVHV5)UDGLRIUHTXHQF\WRFRP RID+7RUPRELOHUDGLR%XWWKHUHDUHD $QRWKHUZD\WRORRNDWLWLQWHUPVRI
PXQLFDWH XWLOL]LQJ WKH 9+) DQG 8+) IHZVLJQLILFDQWGLIIHUHQFHV EDQGZLGWKLVWRUHIHUHQFHRXUIDPLOLDU
VSHFWUXP '05 FDQ FRPPXQLFDWH YLD
VLPSOH[YLDD'05UHSHDWHURUWKURXJK
DKRWVSRW7KHSRLQWLVWKDW'05GRHV
LQGHHGXVH5)/HW¶VWDNHDFORVHUORRN
DWHDFK5)PRGH
6LPSOH[ '05 FDQ XVH VLPSOH[
WUDQVPLWDQGUHFHLYHRQWKHVDPHIUH
DMR Repeaters
)0 DQDORJ UHSHDWHUV XVH IUHTXHQF\
SDLUV)RUH[DPSOHWKH:69)0DQD
ORJ UHSHDWHU OLVWHQV RQ D IUHTXHQF\ RI
0+]DQGWUDQVPLWVRQ
0+] ,W XVHV D &7&66 IUHTXHQF\ RI
$0 DPSOLWXGH PRGXODWHG VLJQDO
ZKLFKLVW\SLFDOO\N+]ZLGH7KHVFL
HQWLVWVDW%HOO/DEVGLVFRYHUHGWKDWWKH
XSSHU DQG ORZHU VLGHEDQGV ZLWKLQ WKH
$0VLJQDOFRQWDLQHGWKHVDPHLQIRUPD
WLRQ7KHEDQGZLGWKRIWKHVHVLGHEDQGV
DUHN+]HDFK:K\QRWVHSDUDWHWKH
TXHQF\,GRQ¶WNQRZRIWRRPDQ\H[DP +]$'05UHSHDWHUDOVRKDVD XSSHUIURPWKHORZHUVLGHEDQGDQGJHW
SOHVRIVLPSOH[RSHUDWLRQEXW,DPDQHZ IUHTXHQF\SDLUDVVLJQHGWRLW.4//5 WZRXVDEOHFKDQQHOVZKHUHWKHUHZDV

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 JUDPPHGWRVHQGDQGWRUHFHLYHRQKDP
UDGLR DX[LOLDU\ IUHTXHQFLHV ZLWK \RXU
'05UDGLRZKLOHDWWKHVDPHWLPHFRQ
QHFWWRWKHLQWHUQHWHLWKHUWKURXJK:L)LLQ
\RXU KRPH RU %OXHWRRWK YLD \RXU FHOO
SKRQH:)(XVHVDQROGHUYHUVLRQRI
6KDUN 2SHQ 6SRW FRPELQHG ZLWK D
%OXHWRRWKGHYLFHWKDWDOORZVKLPWRXVH
'05LQUXUDODUHDVRURQWKHURDGLIKH
KDVFHOOSKRQHFRYHUDJH3KRWR,,MXVW
SXUFKDVHG D 00'90 +RWVSRW 5DGLR
3KRWR ( 7KH 0' +7 PHQX
VFUHHQ1RWHWKDW]RQHVLVWKLUGGRZQ
RQWKHOLVW
3KRWR*,RIWHQILQGP\VHOIXVLQJWKH
WDONJURXS7$&RQP\'50+7
RQFHMXVWRQH"7KDW¶VDPRUHHIILFLHQW
XVHRIVSHFWUXP'05GRHVWKHVDPH
6WDWLRQ3KRWR-ZKLFKGRHVWKHVDPH
WKLQJ DV WKH 6KDUN 2SHQ VSRW EXW LW LV
VPDOOHUDQGHTXLSSHGZLWKERWK:L)LDQG
%OXHWRRWK,RUGHUHGLWIURP$PD]RQFRP
KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\IN!
$ELJDGYDQWDJHRIKDYLQJDKRWVSRW
LV WKDW ,¶P QRW GHSHQGHQW RQ WKH WLPH
VORWVWDONJURXSVLQD'05UHSHDWHU
,¶OO EH DEOH WR SURJUDP FRGH SOXJV IRU
WKHWDONJURXSVWKDWPD\QRWEHLQWKH
UHSHDWHU0\KRWVSRWZLOODOORZPHWR
XVHP\'05ZKLOHPRELOHDQGQRWZLWK
LQUDQJHRID'05UHSHDWHU7REHVXUH
,ZLOOEHXVLQJGDWDDQG,¶PGHSHQGHQW
RQFHOOSKRQHFRYHUDJHWRXVHP\'50
$WWKLVSRLQWLQWLPH,¶PQRWLQFOLQHGWR
XVHP\'05+7IRUHPHUJHQF\FRP
PXQLFDWLRQV LQ UXUDO ,OOLQRLV EXW LW LV
DOORZLQJPHWROHDUQPRUHDERXWGLJLWDO
FRPPXQLFDWLRQV DQG :L)L DQG LW¶V
DQRWKHU IXQ DVSHFW RI RXU KREE\
$OWKRXJK,OLNH'05,ZRQ¶WEHJLYLQJ
XS WKH WKULOO RI ZRUNLQJ DQ $712 DOO
WKLQJEXWLQDGLJLWDOPDQQHU WLPHQHZRQHDVD';HUORQJGLVWDQFH
2EYLRXVO\ ZKHQ LW FRPHV WLPH WR
SURJUDP \RXU '05 UDGLR WR LQFOXGH
DUHD UHSHDWHUV D UHSHDWHU GLUHFWRU\
ZLOOFRQWDLQWKHQHFHVVDU\LQIRUPDWLRQ
VXFK DV FDOOVLJQV IUHTXHQF\ SDLUV
FRORUFRGHVWLPHVORWVDQGRWKHUYLWDO
LQIRUPDWLRQ
'05 UHSHDWHUV PRVW FHUWDLQO\ XVH
FRPPXQLFDWRU RQ WKH +) EDQGV RU
ZHDNVLJQDO ZRUN RQ WKH 9+)8+)
EDQGVIRU'05
Digital Etiquette
:)(DGYLVHVQHZELHVVXFKDVPHWR
PDNH RXUVHOYHV DZDUH RI GLJLWDO HWL
TXHWWH)LUVWRIIMXVWGRQ¶WSUHVVWKH377
UDGLRIUHTXHQFLHVEXWOLNH(FKROLQNRU SXVK WR WDON NH\ DQG FDOO RXW /LVWHQ
,5/3,QWHUQHW5DGLR/LQNLQJ3URMHFW ILUVW/LVWHQIRUDWOHDVWPLQXWHV0RVW
WKH\DOVRXVHWKHLQWHUQHWWRDOORZWKHP '05 UDGLRV DUH VHW IRU VHFRQG
WRFRQQHFWWRRWKHU'05VLWHV,QWHUQHW WUDQVPLVVLRQV 7KDW PHDQV WKDW HYHQ
XVDJH RIIHUV PRUH IOH[LELOLW\ WR WKRXJKWKHIUHTXHQF\PD\VRXQGTXLHW
UHSHDWHUXVHUV$QRWKHUDGYDQWDJHLV
PRUHFRQVLVWHQWDQGUHOLDEOHFRYHUDJH
WRGLVWDQWDUHDVWKDWLVQRWGHSHQGHQW
RQ WKH LRQRVSKHUH IRU SURSDJDWLRQ
6RPH PD\ DUJXH WKDW LVQ¶W WUXH KDP
UDGLREXWLIKDPUDGLRLVDOODERXWFRP
PXQLFDWLRQ DQG H[SDQGLQJ WKH UDGLR
WKHUHFRXOGEHD462FRQYHUVDWLRQLQ
SURJUHVV DQG \RX ZRQ¶W HYHQ KHDU LW
XQWLORQHRIWKHWUDQVPLWWHUVRQWKHWLPH
VORWNLFNVRXW1H[WGRQ¶WFDOO³&4´ RQ
GLJLWDOIUHTXHQFLHV,QVWHDGDIWHUZDLW
LQJDERXWVHFRQGV,ZLOONH\XSP\
UDGLRDQGZDLWDIHZVHFRQGVWRDOORZ
3KRWR)0\7<70'¶V]RQHVFUHHQ
GLVSOD\ , KDYH +RPH =RQH ZKLFK
LQFOXGHV WDON JURXSV RQ WKH *UHHQYLOOH
.4// '05 UHSHDWHU 67/ =RQH 6W
/RXLVWDONJURXSV6KLORK=RQH6KLORK
,OOLQRLV WDON JURXSV DQG $QDORJ =RQH FRPPXQLFDWLRQVIOH[LELOLW\
DOORZLQJPHWRXVHP\GLJLWDO+7DVD
³QRUPDO´)0DQDORJ+7RQYDULRXVORFDO
UHSHDWHUV
DUW WKHQ ZKHUH¶V WKH KDUP" '05 LV
MXVW RQH PRUH WRRO LQ RXU H[SDQGLQJ
FRPPXQLFDWLRQV WRROER[ ,Q IDFW
'05¶VDELOLW\WRFRQQHFWZLWKWKHLQWHU
QHWRIIHUVIRONVVXFKDVP\VHOIOLYLQJ
LQ UXUDO DUHDV RU VXEGLYLVLRQV ZLWK
DQWHQQD UHVWULFWLRQV HYHQ JUHDWHU
Hot Spots
$KRWVSRWLVDGHYLFHWKDWFDQEHSUR
GLJLWDOFRQQHFWLRQVEHIRUHDQQRXQFLQJ
³.2‘= OLVWHQLQJ RQ 7$& ´ ,
DQQRXQFHWKHWDONJURXSWKDW,¶POLVWHQ
LQJWREHFDXVHIRONVVFDQQLQJPD\KHDU
P\FDOOVLJQEXWWKH\PD\QRWVHHZKLFK
WDONJURXS,DPPRQLWRULQJ'05UDGLR
GRHVKDYHDVFUHHQWKDWZLOOGLVSOD\WKH
FDOOVLJQ DQG WKH WDON JURXS EXW WKH
VFUHHQGRHVQ¶WVWD\OLWIRUYHU\ORQJ,Q
DGGLWLRQZKHQLQD462DQGWKHRWKHU
VWDWLRQWXUQVLWEDFNWR\RXZDLWDZKLOH

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 )LJXUH.4//¶V
WLPHVORWWDONJURXSV
DYDLODEOHIRUXVHUV
&RXUWHV\RI
-RKQ.LQJ

LQWKHFRYHUDJHRIDQRQOLQNHGUHSHDW (YHU\ WLPH \RX 377 \RXU '05 UDGLR

HU,¶OODVNWKHRSWR46<FKDQJHIUH \RXU 5DGLR ,' JHWV WUDQVPLWWHG WR WKH
TXHQF\DVDFRXUWHV\WRRWKHUVRQWKH
OLQNHG UHSHDWHU V\VWHP :)( KDV D
FRPSOHWHOLVWRIWKLQJVWRGRRQKLVZHE
VLWHUHJDUGLQJHWLTXHWWH
Digital ID
6LQFH'05XVHVKDPUDGLRIUHTXHQFLHV
DV ZHOO DV WKH LQWHUQHW \RX¶OO QHHG WR
UHJLVWHUZLWK5DGLR,'QHWWRJHWD'05
,',W¶VHDV\DQGLW¶VIUHH7KHZHEVLWH
ZZZGPUIRUGXPPLHVFRPGPUUDGLR
LG!RIIHUVWKLV,'H[SODQDWLRQ³$5DGLR
,'LVDXQLTXHQXPEHUDVVLJQHGWR\RX
'05 QHWZRUN DQG HYHU\RQH FDQ VHH
ZKR \RX DUH 3UHWW\ FRRO ULJKW" %87
'21¶7)25*(7<28086767,//,'
%<92,&(72%(/(*$/(YHQWKRXJK
\RXUFDOOVLJQVKRZVXSLQWKHQHWZRUN
ORJV DQG RQ RWKHU XVHUV¶ UDGLRV WKLV
GRHVQRWPHDQ\RXDUHLGHQWLI\LQJ\RXU
VHOI DV D  OLFHQVHG KDP <RX PXVW ,'
OLNH\RXGRRQDQDORJ
³6R ZK\ HOVH LV WKLV VR FRRO"
,GHQWLI\LQJ HYHU\ UDGLR DQG UHSHDWHU
XQLTXHO\ ZLWK DQ ,' HQDEOHV WKH YHU\
HVVHQFHRI'05QHWZRUNLQJWRIXQFWLRQ
)LJXUH7KH.4//WLPHVORWWDON DQG\RXUFDOOVLJQE\WKH5DGLR,'QHW LHPDNLQJSULYDWHFDOOVWRHDFKRWKHU
JURXSRIIHULQJWRDUHDXVHUV&RXUWHV\ 7HDP/LNHDWHOHSKRQHQXPEHURU,3 RUJDQL]LQJVSHFLILFWDONJURXSVIRUFRXQ
RI-RKQ.LQJ DGGUHVV\RXU5DGLR,'LGHQWLILHV\RXDV
EHIRUHJRLQJEDFNWRWKHRWKHUVWDWLRQ,Q
WKHDQDORJ)0ZRUOGZHFDOOLW³GUDJJLQJ
\RXUKHHOV´ VRWKDWVRPHRQHHOVHFDQ
MRLQ WKH 462 7KH GLJLWDO ZRUOG LV WKH
VDPHEXWWKHZDLWWLPHLVORQJHU'LJLWDO
RSVDUHXVHGWRQRWJHWWLQJDQLPPHGL
DWHUHVSRQVH7REHKRQHVW,¶PJXLOW\RI
EHLQJ³WRRTXLFNRQWKH377WULJJHU´
$QRWKHU H[FLWLQJ '05 IHDWXUH LV WKH
3DUURW WDON JURXS ,W¶V OLNH (FKR/LQN¶V
³HFKRWHVW´ 7KH'053DUURWZLOOSDUURW
DXQLTXHUDGLRXVHURQWKHYDULRXV'05
QHWZRUNV DQG UHSHDWHUV DURXQG WKH
ZRUOG%HFDXVH'05LVGLJLWDOZHKDYH
VRPXFKPRUHWKDWZHFDQGRZLWKWKH
5)IORZLQJWRDQGIURPRXUUDGLRV)RU
H[DPSOHEHFDXVHRI5DGLR,'VZHFDQ
VHHDQGGLVSOD\WKHFDOOVLJQRIWKHSHU
VRQWDONLQJWRXVRQWKHUDGLRIDFHE\
WKH XVH RI WKH 5DGLR,'QHW 'DWDEDVH
1(:1(:1(:
:HVWRFNWKHQHZUXJJHG)5((6&$/(.:WUDQVLVWRUDQG
WULHVVWDWHVUHJLRQVFLWLHVFOXEVVSH
FLDOLQWHUHVWJURXSVHWF´
,KDYHD'05,'DQGLWLVQHDWWRVHH
P\FDOOVLJQDQGORFDWLRQFRPHDFURVVD
GLJLWDOVFUHHQ,WDOVRDLGVZLWKSKRQHW
LFSURQXQFLDWLRQ'LG&DUORVVD\:)'
:)&RUZDVLW:)("
Wrapping it up
:H¶YHFRYHUHGDORWRIPDWHULDOLQWKLV
UHSHDWEDFN\RXUGLJLWDOWUDQVPLVVLRQ SDUWVIRUWKH0DQG-0+]DPSOLILHUGHVLJQV
7KDWZD\\RXFDQKHDUH[DFWO\KRZ\RX
VRXQGRQWKHV\VWHPZLWKRXWKDYLQJWR
DVN IRU DXGLR FKHFNV RQ WDON JURXSV
$QRWKHUSRLQWRIHWLTXHWWH,I\RXMRLQD &2$;:,5(

+)%URDGEDQG 5) 7UDQVIRUPHUV
ZLGH DUHD WDON JURXS VXFK DV D VWDWH 5)7UDQVIRUPHUV
7&7&

7&7&
 7\SH³8´
ZLGH JURXS WKDW PD\ VLPXOWDQHRXVO\ WR0+] 7& 
WR0+]
HQJDJH PDQ\ UHSHDWHUV OLPLW \RXU +)$PSOLILHUV
WUDQVPLVVLRQV ,I D 462 EHJLQV WR
:HVWRFNWKHFRPSOHWHSDUWVOLVW &RPPXQLFDWLRQ HF Power
DQG3&ERDUGVIRUWKH0RWRUROD
EHFRPHOHQJWK\LQYLWHWKHRWKHURSWR DPSOLILHUGHVLJQVIHDWXUHGLQ &RQFHSWV,QF 6SOLWWHU&RPELQHUV
WR0+]
WKHLU$SSOLFDWLRQ1RWHVDQG
0LOOVWRQH'ULYH%HDYHUFUHHN2+-
46<WRDPRUHORFDOL]HGWDONJURXS,Q (QJLQHHULQJ%XOOHWLQV
(PDLOFFLGD\WRQ#SRER[FRP 3RUW
36&-/:3(3
WKHDQDORJZRUOGUDWKHUWKDQWLHXSDQ $1/: $1: ZZZFRPPXQLFDWLRQ-FRQFHSWVFRP 36&-+:3(3
HQWLUHQHWZRUNHGUHSHDWHUV\VWHPLIWKH $1+: $5:
3KRQH- 3RUW
$1: $5: )$;- 36&-/:3(3
RWKHUVWDWLRQLVZLWKLQVLPSOH[UDQJHRU (%$: (%: 36&-+:3(3
(%$: $5: In Business for 37 Years 36&-+:3(3

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

3KRWR+7KH.4//'05UHSHDWHUWRZHU7KH'05DQWHQ
QDLVPRXQWHGDWIHHWSURYLGLQJH[FHOOHQW8+)FRYHUDJH
3KRWRE\-RKQ.LQJ:.;4

3KRWR-0\00'90KRWVSRWDOORZVPHWRXVHP\KRPH¶V
:L)LIRULQWHUQHWFRQQHFWLYLW\VR,FDQFRPPXQLFDWHZLWKPRUH
WDONJURXSV

DUWLFOH$V:)(WROGPHWKHUHLVDOHDUQLQJFXUYHWR'05
UDGLREXWLWLVQ¶WWRRVWHHSRIDFXUYH0RVWO\ZUDSSLQJRXU
PLQGVDURXQGWHUPVVXFKDVFRGHSOXJVWDONJURXSVFRORU
FRGHVHWFLVDKXUGOH7KHHWLTXHWWHDVVRFLDWHGZLWK'05
XVDJHLVDELWGLIIHUHQWIURPDQDORJ)0UHSHDWHUXVDJHGXH
WRWKHZD\'05VLJQDOVDUHJHQHUDWHG2QWKHRWKHUKDQG
OHDUQLQJVRPHWKLQJQHZLVWKHIXQRIDPDWHXUUDGLR7KHUH¶V
DORWPRUHWR'05UDGLRDQGZH¶YHRQO\VFUDWFKHGWKHVXU
IDFH)RUDQLQWURGXFWRU\'05DUWLFOH,GLGQ¶WZDQWWRJHW³WRR
GHHSLQWRWKHZHHGV´ EHFDXVHWKHUH¶VDORWWRJUDVS%HVLGHV
,¶PD'05QHZELHDQG,¶GKDYHDGLIILFXOWWLPHWDNLQJRQWKH
³ZHHGV´ 7DNLQJEDE\VWHSVLVWKHZD\WRJRDQGOHDUQLQJDV
,JRDORQJKDVVHUYHGPHZHOOLQWKHSDVW,¶POXFN\WKDW,
3KRWR,:)(¶V6KDUN5)2SHQ6SRWDOORZV&DUORVWRXVH
'05RQWKHURDGRUDWKRPHZLWKKLV:L)LFRQQHFWLRQ
KDYHHOPHUVIULHQGO\PHQWRUVVXFKDV&DUORV.HQDQG-RKQ
WRDLGPH3HUKDSVWKLVDUWLFOHKDVSLTXHG\RXULQWHUHVWLQGLJ
LWDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQV,IQRWKLQJHOVHKRSHIXOO\ZKHQ\RXKHDU
RWKHUKDPVWDONLQJDERXW'05\RXZRQ¶WIHHODVLI\RX¶UH
DORQHLQOHIWILHOG
± 7KDQN\RXIRUUHDGLQJ&4 DQGGH5RQ.2‘=

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 DIGITAL CONNECTION
BY DON ROTOLO,* N2IRZ

Outdoor Equipment

6
RPHWLPHV \RX QHHG WR KDYH \RXU UDGLR HTXLSPHQW $EHWWHUVWUDWHJ\LVWRUHGXFHWKHFXUUHQWDPSVLQVWHDG
ORFDWHGRXWGRRUV0D\EHWKHDQWHQQDVLWH²HVSHFLDOO\ RIPHDQVWKHZLUHZLOOGURSRQO\DERXWYROWVYHU\
RQ8+)²LVWRRIDUIURPDEXLOGLQJRUWKHVLWHLWVHOI PDQDJHDEOH,I\RXFDQXVHYROWV\RXFDQFXWWKHFXU
MXVWGRHVQ¶WKDYHDQ\EXLOGLQJV3XWWLQJHTXLSPHQWRXWGRRUV
SUHVHQWVDIHZFKDOOHQJHVZHGRQ¶WRIWHQIDFHVRWKLVPRQWK
ZH¶OOWDNHDFORVHUORRNDWVRPHRIWKHWKLQJVWKDWQHHGWREH
FRQVLGHUHG
:KDWEURXJKWDOOWKLVDERXWZDVDGLVFXVVLRQRQWKH7$531
*URXSKWWSVJURXSVLRJWDUSQ!DERXWORFDWLQJD7$531
QRGHRXWGRRUV7KLVHYROYHGLQWRDGLVFXVVLRQRIHPHUJHQF\
SUHSDUHGQHVVDQGEDWWHU\SRZHUIRUKRPHEDVHGDQGUHPRWH
QRGHV,WZDVWKLVGLVFXVVLRQWKDWJDYHPHWKHLGHDIRUWKLV
PRQWK¶VFROXPQ
Outdoors
2XUHOHFWURQLFHTXLSPHQWGRHVQ¶WKDSSLO\OHQGLWVHOIWRRXW
GRRU RSHUDWLRQ SDUWLFXODUO\ LI H[SRVHG WR WKH ZHDWKHU
&KDOOHQJHV LQFOXGH SURWHFWLRQ IURP WKH HOHPHQWV LQVHFWV
DQLPDOVWKLHYHVDQGYDQGDOVHOHFWULFDOSRZHUDQGWKHUPDO
FRQWURO6RPHRIWKHVHDUHPRUHGLIILFXOWWKDQRWKHUVEXWZH¶OO
KDYHWRGHDOZLWKDOORIWKHPLQRQHZD\RUDQRWKHU
Big Power
7KHELJJHVWFKDOOHQJHDQGPRVWRIZKDWZH¶OOGLVFXVVKHUH
LVHOHFWULFDOSRZHU,IWKHUHLVDVRXUFHRIFRPPHUFLDOSRZHU
QHDUE\WRXVHWKHQWKHSUREOHPLVDOPRVWWULYLDO$OWKRXJK
UHOLDEO\ SRZHULQJ D FRPSOHWH VWDWLRQ ZLWKRXW FRPPHUFLDO
SRZHU LV DEVROXWHO\ SRVVLEOH LW FDQ EH TXLWH H[SHQVLYH
%HIRUHZHORRNDWZD\VWRGRWKLVOHW¶VVWDUWZLWKWKHVLPSOHU
FDVHLQZKLFKZHGRKDYHFRPPHUFLDOSRZHUDYDLODEOHHYHQ
LILWLVTXLWHDGLVWDQFHIURPWKHHTXLSPHQW
-XVWEHLQJDEOHWRSOXJLQWRYROWV$&LVDKXJHDGYDQ
WDJHIRUERWKUHOLDELOLW\DQGFRVW,IWKHZDOOSOXJLVMXVWDQ
H[WHQVLRQFRUGDZD\WKHQZHSOXJLQRXUSRZHUVXSSO\SUR
WHFWLWIURPWKHZHDWKHUDQGPD\EHDGGDEDWWHU\WRNHHS
UHQWDQGORVVHVLQKDOIDJDLQ&RQVLGHULQJDOOWKLV³QRWWRR
IDU´ FDQHDVLO\EHDFRXSOHWKRXVDQGIHHWXQGHULGHDOFRQ
GLWLRQV,I\RXUYROW'&SRZHUVXSSO\LVHIILFLHQW
DPSV DW  YROWV JLYHV \RX DURXQG  DPSV '& ZKLFK
VKRXOGEHSOHQW\
No Power
,IFRPPHUFLDOSRZHULVVLPSO\XQDYDLODEOHWKHVLPSOHVROX
WLRQLVWRWKURZPRQH\DWWKHSUREOHP5HQHZDEOHHQHUJ\
VXFKDVVRODUSDQHOVZLQGPLOOVDQGZDWHUSRZHUFDQPHHW
WKHQHHGVDWDFHUWDLQFRVW7KHVHJUHHQSRZHUVRXUFHV
ZLOO PDNH HQYLURQPHQWDOLVWV KDSS\ EXW \RX ZLOO QHHG WR
KDYHHQHUJ\VWRUHGIRUZKHQWKHSRZHUFDQQRWEHJHQHU
DWHG ² WKLQN EDWWHULHV IRU FDOP GDUN QLJKWV ² DQG WKLV
DGGVWRWKHH[SHQVH%X\RQO\ZKDW\RXQHHG7KHWULFNLV
WRFDOFXODWHDQDFFXUDWHHQHUJ\EXGJHWDQGVL]HWKHV\V
WHPDFFRUGLQJO\
Energy Budget Calculation
/HW¶VUXQWKURXJKDVDPSOHHQHUJ\EXGJHWFDOFXODWLRQIRU
DSRUW7$531QRGH+HUH,¶OODVVXPHZHDUHJHQHUDW
LQJSRZHUDWDQRPLQDOYROWV'&EXWLI\RX¶UHWKLQNLQJ
RIYROWV$&MXVWIDFWRULQWKHHIILFLHQF\RI\RXUSRZHU
VXSSO\LVDW\SLFDOQXPEHUIRUDVZLWFKLQJVXSSO\
,Q)LJXUH,KDYHOLVWHGDOORIWKHHTXLSPHQWWREHSRZ
HUHGXSDQGWKHH[SHFWHGFXUUHQWUHTXLUHPHQWVRIHDFK
8VLQJ WKDW LQIRUPDWLRQ WKH FXUUHQW GUDZ FDQ YDU\ IURP
DERXWP$ZKHQWKLQJVDUHTXLHWWRDERXWP$
DWPD[LPXPGUDZ
,WHP &XUUHQW'UDZ
WKLQJVJRLQJZKHQQRWLIWKHSRZHUIDLOV'RQHDQGGRQH ,&$7 PSRUW P$ 5;P$7;
,&$FPSRUW P$5;$7;
Far Power
,IWKHUH¶VSRZHUEXWLW¶VPXFKIDUWKHUDZD\ZHKDYHWRGHFLGH 5DVSEHUU\3L P$W\S
KRZIDULVWRRIDU2KPLFUHVLVWDQFH²WKHLQKHUHQWUHVLV 71&3LRQHIRUHDFKSRUW P$HVWHDFK
WDQFHRIZKDWHYHUZLUHZHDUHXVLQJWRFDUU\WKHFXUUHQW²
ZLOOEHDVLJQLILFDQWGULYHU$IRRWVSRRORIW\SH WR9 SRZHUFRQYHUWHU HIILFLHQF\
8)RXWGRRUHOHFWULFDOZLUHJRHVIRUDELWOHVVWKDQ7KDW¶V
DORWRIPRQH\LQP\ERRNDQG\RX¶OOKDYHWRSURWHFWLWVRPH
)LJXUH7KHHTXLSPHQWDQGLWVFKDUDFWHULVWLFVIRUWKHSRZHU
KRZWKH1DWLRQDO(OHFWULF&RGHSURKLELWV\RXIURPMXVWOD\
EXGJHWH[DPSOH0HDVXUHWKHVHIRUJUHDWHVWDFFXUDF\6HH
LQJLWRQWKHJURXQGLILWLVFDUU\LQJPDLQVSRZHUEXW,JXHVV
WKHWH[WIRUKRZWRFRQVLGHUWKHDVVXPSWLRQV
LWGHSHQGVRQKRZEDGO\\RXQHHGLW
7KHUHVLVWDQFHRIIHHWRI$:*ZLUHLVDERXW
2KPVDQGVLQFHZHKDYHWZRFRQGXFWRUVWKHYROWDJHGURS 1RZZHQHHGWRDGGWKHVHXS)RUWKHYROWLWHPVZHKDYH
DWDPSVZLOOEHDERXWYROWVPHDQLQJ\RXUSRZHUVXS WRDFFRXQWIRUWKHWRYROWSRZHUFRQYHUWHU¶VHIILFLHQF\
SO\ZLOOEHVHHLQJRQO\DERXWWRYROWVDWEHVWIURPD VRZHGLYLGHP$FXUUHQWGUDZIRURQH5DVSEHUU\3LSOXV
WRYROWVRXUFH,QFUHDVLQJWKHZLUHVL]HWR$:* WZR71&3LVE\FRQYHUWHU¶VHIILFLHQF\WRJHWDERXW
UHGXFHVWKHYROWDJHGURSWRDERXWYROWVEXWWKHKHDYLHU P$
ZLUHFRVWVRYHUDVSRRO )RUWKHYROWLWHPVZHLGHDOO\PHDVXUHDFWXDOQHWZRUN
WUDIILFRQHDFKSRUWGXULQJWKHNLQGRIFRQGLWLRQVZHH[SHFW

FR&4PDJD]LQH RUZDQWWRGHVLJQIRU)RUWKLVH[DPSOHZH¶OOVD\WKDWHDFK
(PDLO1,5=#FTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP! WUDQVPLWWHUZLOOEHRQIRURIWKHWLPHPHDQLQJWKHUDGLR

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 NEWS BYTES
Angels on the Air
,QZKDWKDVEHFRPHDQDQQXDOHYHQW(QJODQG¶V$QJHORIWKH
1RUWK$PDWHXU5DGLR&OXEWKLV\HDURSHUDWHG-XQH¶V³0XVHXPV
RQWKH$LU´HYHQWIURPWKH%RZHV,QFOLQH5DLOZD\0XVHXP7KH
PXVHXP LV ORFDWHG RQ DQ ROG WUDPZD\ D IHZ PLOHV VRXWK RI
*DWHVKHDGDWWKHKLOOWRSYLOODJHRI6SULQJZHOO7RDGGWRWKH
DXWKHQWLFLW\WKH³VKDFN´ZDVVHWXSLQDUHVWRUHGUDLOZD\JXDUGV¶
YDQWKDWZDVTXLWHFR]\ZLWKSHRSOHLQVLGH
7KH%RZHV5DLOZD\EXLOWE\*HRUJH6WHSKHQVRQLQLV
WKHZRUOG¶VRQO\RSHUDWLRQDOSUHVHUYHGVWDQGDUGJDXJHFDEOH
UDLOZD\V\VWHP,WZDVEXLOWWRWUDQVSRUWFRDOIURPSLWVLQ'XUKDP
WRERDWVRQWKH5LYHU7\QH7KHVLWHLVD6FKHGXOHG$QFLHQW
0RQXPHQW SURWHFWHG KLVWRULF VLWH ± HG EXW WKHUH LV ORWV RI
VSDFHDQGVHYHUDOROGOLJKWLQJWRZHUVIURPZKLFKWRVWULQJORQJ
ZLUHDHULDOV
7KLV\HDULWZDVSOHDVLQJWRVHH\RXQJHUOHVVWUDGLWLRQDO\HW
YHU\HQWKXVLDVWLFPHPEHUVDFWLYDWLQJWKHPXVHXPXVLQJWKHVSH
FLDOHYHQWFDOOVLJQ*%‘086:HRSHUDWHGWKHROGVW\OHPRGHV
VXFKDV)0RQPHWHUVDQG66%&:RQWKHORZHU+)EDQGV
EXWWKLV\HDUZHDOVRYHQWXUHGRQWR+)XVLQJ)7DQG36.
ERWKRIZKLFKZHUHRSHUDWHGE\WKHQHZFOXEUHFUXLWVVHHSKR
WRV7KHZHDWKHUZDVGU\VXQQ\DQGZDUPWKHPXVHXPDWWUDFW
HGPDQ\YLVLWRUVDQGZHKDGDVWUHDPRIPHPEHUVRIWKHSXE
OLFZKRZHUHZHOFRPHGLQWRWKHJXDUGV¶YDQWRVHHWKHVKDFN
2YHUDOOLWZDVDYHU\HQMR\DEOHGD\ZKLFKHQFRXUDJHGDW
OHDVWRQHPHPEHUWRWU\SXWWLQJKLV0RUVHNH\WRRQHVLGHDQG
LQVWDOOLQJ)7RQKLVFRPSXWHU
)LJXUH  $ $K PDULQH EDWWHU\ IRXQG DW D ORFDO +RPH
'HSRWIRU,WKDVDFDSDFLW\RI$KDQGFRQYHQLHQW
ZLQJQXWWHUPLQDOFRQQHFWLRQV$OZD\VDGGDQLQOLQHIXVHWR
HDFK EDWWHU\ 0DULQH EDWWHULHV RSWLPL]HG IRU VORZHU DQG
GHHSHUGLVFKDUJHDUHEHWWHUIRURXUSXUSRVHVWKDQDXWRPR
WLYH EDWWHULHV ZKLFK DUH RSWLPL]HG IRU EULHI EXW ODUJH GLV
±1DQF\%RQH*885 FKDUJHVHQJLQHVWDUWLQJ

LVUHFHLYLQJIRURIWKHWLPH7KLVJLYHVXV[
[ P$$GGLQJDQGYROW
LWHPVZHJHWP$RIFRQWLQXRXVW\SLFDOFXUUHQWGUDZ

Assumptions
,WLVLPSRUWDQWWRORRNDWWKHDVVXPSWLRQVKHUH%\IDUWKH
ELJJHVW FXUUHQW GUDZ ZLOO EH WKH WUDQVPLWWHUV 7KH WUDQVPLW
GXW\F\FOHFKRVHQLQWKHH[DPSOHEXWLQWKHRU\LWFRXOG
-DPHV(‘-76RQWKHDLUXVLQJDNH\ERDUGPRGH)7
DQG36.ZHUHTXLWHSRSXODUDPRQJWKHRSHUDWRUVDQG
YLVLWRUV
EHXSWRZLOOKDYHDQRXWVL]HLQIOXHQFHRQWKHSRZHU
EXGJHWFDOFXODWLRQVRFDUHIXODWWHQWLRQWRWKHDFWXDOFRQGL
WLRQV\RXDUHGHVLJQLQJIRULVLPSRUWDQW,QWKHFDVHZKHUHD
ZHOOXVHGQHWZRUNQRGHLVIHGDWEDXGDQGVHQGVGDWD
RQWZREDXGSRUWVWKRVHSRUWVPLJKWEHWUDQVPLWWLQJ
DW QHDU  IRU D ORQJ WLPH ,Q RWKHU ZRUGV WU\ WR DYRLG
XQGHUDQGRYHUHVWLPDWLQJKHUHDQGEHDVDFFXUDWHDV\RX
FDQLQHVWLPDWLQJKRZWKHQRGHZLOOEHXVHG2WKHUSDUWVRI
WKHSRZHUEXGJHWDUHQRWQHDUO\DVFULWLFDO
$Q,&$LVDQROGHU,&20FHQWLPHWHUZDWWUDGLR
ZLWKDUHODWLYHO\KLJKUHFHLYHFXUUHQWVSHFLILFDWLRQEXWQHZHU
UDGLRVZLOOEHSHUKDSVDTXDUWHURIWKDW7KHSRLQWKHUHLVWR
PHDVXUH\RXUUDGLR¶VDFWXDOFXUUHQWFRQVXPSWLRQ1RWHWKDW
WKHFXUUHQWFRQVXPHGE\WKH5DVSEHUU\3LDQG71&VDVZHOO
DVWKHSRZHUFRQYHUWHUHIILFLHQF\LVUHDOO\QRWYHU\VXEVWDQ
WLDO EXW WKH\ DUH VWLOO ZRUWK PHDVXULQJ )LQDOO\ WKLV DOO
DVVXPHVDVWDEOHQHWZRUN'XULQJERRWD5DVSEHUU\3LFDQ
FRQVXPHWKUHHRUIRXUWLPHVDVPXFKFXUUHQW$7$531QRGH
WKDW KDV MXVW FRPH XS RU D OLQN WKDW¶V UHHVWDEOLVKHG FDQ
WUDQVIHUDORWRIGDWDIRUVHYHUDOWHQVRIPLQXWHVXQWLOWKLQJV
VHWWOHGRZQ7KDWEHLQJQRQW\SLFDOZH¶UHJRLQJWRLJQRUHLW
EXW\RXGRQ¶WKDYHWR

How Much Battery?

/DXUD0/$8RQWKHDLUIURP*%‘086XVLQJDWUDGLWLRQDO
YRLFHPRGH3KRWRVFRXUWHV\$QJHORIWKH1RUWK$PDWHXU /HW¶VURXQGXSIURPWRDPSVWRPDNHWKHPDWKHDVLHU
5DGLR&OXE $OHDGDFLGPDULQHEDWWHU\DW+RPH'HSRWZLWKDDPS

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

KRXU$KUDWLQJJRHVIRUVRLIZH FRQWDLQHU$QLFHRXWGRRUPHWDOFDELQHW KDYH WR JHW WKDW PHWDO FDELQHW RU ILQG
QHHGDPSVIRUFRQWLQXRXVKRXUV RQOHJVZRXOGEHZRQGHUIXOEXWDSODV VSDFHLQDEXLOGLQJ²DOODVVXPLQJDQ
[ $KRQHVXFKEDWWHU\ZLOO WLF WRWH ELQ XS RQ D FRXSOH RI FLQ XQVXSHUYLVHG ORFDWLRQ HJ QRW \RXU
EHIXOO\GLVFKDUJHGZKLOHSURYLGLQJWKDW GHUEORFNVZLOOGRMXVWILQH7KLVNHHSV EDFN\DUG 3XWWLQJ D SODVWLF ELQ ZLWK
³)XOO\ GLVFKDUJHG´ LQ WKH OHDGDFLG WKHHOHPHQWVDWED\DQGLIWKHVHDOLV VRODU SDQHOV DQG VXFK DWRS D UHPRWH
ZRUOGPHDQVDWHUPLQDOYROWDJHRIDERXW WLJKW HQRXJK WKH FUHHS\FUDZOLHV DV PRXQWDLQSHDNLVULVN\DWEHVW,KDYH
YROWVDQGWKDWFUHDWHVWZRSUREOHPV ZHOO7KHIXUU\ELWHUVFDQEHPDQDJHG VHHQPHWDOER[HVEROWHGWRVROLGURFN
YROWVLVQRWHQRXJKWRUXQWKHWUDQV ZHOOZLWKDEDUULHURILQFKKDUGZDUH DQG NLGV FDUU\LQJ D FURZEDU WR VHH
PLWWHUV DQG WKH YHU\ GHHS GLVFKDUJH FORWK 3ODFH LW RQ WKH FLQGHUEORFNV RU ZKDW¶VLQVLGH
KXUWVWKHEDWWHU\DORW RWKHUVXUIDFHDQGSXWWKHSODVWLFELQRQ
,W EHFRPHV D ILQDQFLDO FDOFXODWLRQ ,Q WRSZLWKVHYHUDOLQFKHVRIRYHUKDQJLQ Thermal and More
WKH H[DPSOH DERYH D VLQJOH EDWWHU\ HDFKGLUHFWLRQ,IWKH\KDYHDPLOGSK\V (TXLSPHQWORYHVWREHDWƒ )DQG
PLJKWRQO\ODVWDIHZPRQWKVLIVRGHHSO\ LFDOEDUULHUSOXVFDQQRWVPHOOIRRGIXUU\ KXPLGLW\ EXW RXWGRRUV LVQ¶W OLNH WKDW
GLVFKDUJHGRQFHDZHHNEXWFDQJRIRU ELWHUVZLOOORRNIRUVRPHWKLQJHOVH ZHOO PD\EH LQ /RQJ %HDFK .HHSLQJ
\HDUVLIWKDWKDSSHQVWZLFHD\HDU7ZR ,IKXPDQV²EHQLJQRUPDOLFLRXV² HTXLSPHQWFRROLQWKHVXPPHULVQ¶WDV
EDWWHULHVPLJKWODVWD\HDURUWZRLIRQO\ PLJKW EH D SUREOHP WKHQ \RX¶OO UHDOO\ PXFKRIDSUREOHPDVNHHSLQJLWZDUP
KDOIGLVFKDUJHG GRZQ WR D YROWDJH RI
 YROWV XVLQJ  $K RQFH D ZHHN
DQG IRXU EDWWHULHV PLJKW ODVW VHYHUDO
\HDUVLQVXFKDVLWXDWLRQ7KDWPHDQVLI
\RXH[SHFWWRSURYLGHHPHUJHQF\FRP
PXQLFDWLRQVIRUXSWRWZRGD\VDWDWLPH
PD\EHVL[WLPHVD\HDUIRXUVXFKEDW
WHULHVZRXOGEHDJRRGFKRLFHSURYLGHG
\RXFDQIXOO\UHFKDUJHWKHPZLWKLQDGD\
DIWHUHDFKXVH

Care and Feeding of Batteries

$ OHDGDFLG EDWWHU\ WKDW LV RQO\ OLJKWO\
GLVFKDUJHG DQG WKHQ DOPRVW LPPHGL
DWHO\UHFKDUJHGZLOOODVWDORQJWLPH,
KDYHD$KJHOFHOOWKDW,ERXJKWXVHG
DURXQGWKDW,VWLOOXVHWRVWDUWP\
ODZQWUDFWRU,NHHSLWRQDIORDWFKDUJHU
GXULQJZLQWHU/LJKWXVDJHDQGLPPHGL
DWHUHFKDUJHPHDQORQJOLIH'HHSGLV
FKDUJHDQGGHOD\LQJWKHUHFKDUJHERWK
KXUW D OHDGDFLG EDWWHU\ PLJKWLO\ 7KDW
PHDQVPLQLPL]HWKHGLVFKDUJHVDQGWU\
WRUHFKDUJHIXOO\DVVRRQDVSRVVLEOH
2WKHU EDWWHU\ FKHPLVWULHV VXFK DV
1LFNHO&DGPLXP 1L&G 1LFNHO 0HWDO
+\GULGH1L0+DQGWKH/LWKLXPW\SHV
/L)H32IRUH[DPSOHDOOKDQGOHGHHS
GLVFKDUJH DQG GHOD\HG UHFKDUJH IDU
EHWWHU WKDQ OHDGDFLG WHQG WR KDYH D
ORQJHU OLIH DUH OLJKWHU LQ ZHLJKW IRU D
JLYHQHQHUJ\VWRUDJHEXWFRVWPD\EH
ILYHWRWLPHVDVPXFK'HSHQGLQJRQ
KRZ\RXSODQWRWUHDW\RXUEDWWHULHVDQG
ZKDW\RXUEXGJHWORRNVOLNHWKHVHPLJKW
EHYDOLGFKRLFHVIRU\RXUVLWXDWLRQ
2QHODVWWKLQJDERXWOHDGDFLGEDWWHU
LHV'XULQJFKDUJLQJWKH\HPLWK\GUR
JHQ DQG R[\JHQ JDVHV <RX KDYH WR
GHDOZLWKWKHVHLI\RXZDQWWRVWD\VDIH
DVDVSDUNFDQLJQLWHWKHVHJDVHV0RUH
RQWKDWODWHU

Environment & Elements

7KHELJJRULOODKHUHLVZDWHUIURPSUH
FLSLWDWLRQZDWHUIORZLQJRQWKHJURXQG
DQG FRQGHQVDWLRQ %XW \RX DOVR KDYH
FUHHS\FUDZOLHV DQG IXUU\ELWHUV WR
PDQDJHDVZHOO
)RUWKHZDWHU,VXJJHVWDZDWHUSURRI

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

LQ WKH ZLQWHU SDUWO\ EHFDXVH ƒ ) LV
2.IRUDUDGLR:KLOHƒ )LVILQHIRUD
UDGLRƒ )LVDELWKDUVK
&RROLQJ LV VRPHZKDW SUREOHPDWLF
VLQFH RWKHU WKDQ D 3HOWLHU GHYLFH D
VROLGVWDWH KHDW H[FKDQJHU WKDW FDQ
PDQDJHWKHKHDWORDGIURPGLUHFWVXQ
OLJKW 7KDQNIXOO\ WKHUH¶V DOVR OLWWOH ZH
QHHG WRGRVLQFHWKHHTXLSPHQWLVILQH
ZKHQLWLVZDUPHU-XVWDOLWWOHDLUFLUFX
ODWLRQVKRXOGEHILQH²PRUHRQWKDWLQ
DPRPHQW
LILWLVUHDOO\FROG7KHUDGLRVZLOOWHQGWR
JLYHRIIVRPHKHDWDVZHOO7KHJRDOLV
WR NHHS WKLQJV DERYH IUHH]LQJ VR LFH
GRHVQ¶WIRUPVRƒ )LVMXVWILQH/HDG
DFLGEDWWHULHVZRQ¶WIUHH]HDWƒ )LI
FKDUJHGEXWZKHQGLVFKDUJHGWKH\FDQ
KHDW RU FRRO ZLWK HOHFWULFLW\ RU D IXOO +HDWLQJLVWULYLDOLIZHKDYHFRPPHU IUHH]HDWƒ )2QFHDEDWWHU\IUHH]HV
EORZQDLUFRQGLWLRQLQJXQLWWKHUH¶VOLWWOH FLDOSRZHU-XVWFRQQHFWDQLQFDQGHV LW LV GDPDJHG DOPRVW DOZD\V WRWDOO\
ZHFDQGR3XWWLQJWKHFRQWDLQHULQWKH FHQWOLJKWEXOEWRDWKHUPRVWDWDQGZKHQ 2WKHUEDWWHU\FKHPLVWULHVDUHEHWWHUDW
VKDGHRUFUHDWLQJVRPHVKDGHZLWKD LWJHWVWRRFROGWKHOLJKWEXOEZLOONHHS KDQGOLQJGHHSFROGZLWKRXWGDPDJH
FRYHULQJ RU VRODU SDQHOV" ZLOO KHOS WKLQJVZDUP$OLWWOHLQVXODWLRQZLOOKHOS ,I\RXGRQ¶WKDYHFRPPHUFLDOSRZHU
YHU\FROGWHPSHUDWXUHVEHFRPHDSURE
OHP0RUHHOHFWULFDOSRZHUJHQHUDWLRQ
VRODUZLQGFDQVROYHLWEXWWKDWPLJKW
EH SURKLELWLYHO\ H[SHQVLYH &KRLFHV
FKRLFHV7KDQNIXOO\WKLVLVDUDUHVLWXD
WLRQFDOOLQJIRUPRUHHQJLQHHULQJWKDQ,
FDQRIIHUKHUH

Air Circulation
)RU FRROLQJ KXPLGLW\ PDQDJHPHQW
DQG EDWWHU\ JDV PDQDJHPHQW D OLWWOH
DLU FLUFXODWLRQ JRHV D ORQJ ZD\ 7KH
VROXWLRQ LV D VPDOO YROW IDQ OLNH D
&38 IDQ SUHVVXUL]LQJ WKH LQVLGH RI
\RXU FRQWDLQHU 5XQ D SLHFH RI 39&
SLSHZLWKDILOWHURQWKHLQWDNHVLGHWR
WKH &38 IDQ LQVLGH WKH FRQWDLQHU
$QRWKHUSLSHZLWKVRPHVFUHHQRQLWWR
GHWHULQVHFWVRQWKHRSSRVLWHVLGHRI
WKHFRQWDLQHUVHUYHVDVWKHH[KDXVW,I
QHHGHGDGGLWLRQDOIDQVFDQEHXVHGWR
)LJXUH'HWDLOVRIWKHYHQWLODWLRQV\VWHPLQWKHZDWHUSURRISODVWLFWXE2QWKH UXQDLURYHUVSHFLILFHTXLSPHQWLQVLGH
ULJKWLVWKHH[KDXVWSRUWZLWKWKHZLQGRZVFUHHQWRSURWHFWDJDLQVWLQVHFWVMXVW WKHFRQWDLQHUEXWDOVRUHPHPEHUWKDW
EDUHO\YLVLEOH7KHLQWDNHRQWKHULJKWDOVRKDVDQHOERZRXWVLGHOLNHWKHH[KDXVW WKHVH FRQVXPH D VPDOO EXW GHILQLWH
EXWKHUHZHFDQVHHWKHLQWDNHIDQ$OVRRXWVLGHDQGQRWVHHQLVWKHLQWDNHILOWHU DPRXQWRIHQHUJ\
WRKHOSNHHSGXVWIURPHQWHULQJWKHWXE 6R WKHUH \RX KDYH LW WKH EDVLFV RI
SXWWLQJ \RXU HTXLSPHQW RXWVLGH DQG
NHHSLQJLWSRZHUHG7$531QRGHRZQ
HUV DUH PRUH FRQFHUQHG ZLWK NHHSLQJ
WKHLUQRGHVDYDLODEOHZKHQFRPPHUFLDO
SRZHU JRHV RXW IRU HPHUJHQF\ FRP
PXQLFDWLRQV DV RSSRVHG WR UHPRWHO\
VLWLQJWKHLUHTXLSPHQW%XWDIHZKDYH
H[SUHVVHG LQWHUHVW LQ SXWWLQJ WKHLU
HTXLSPHQW TXLWH D ELW FORVHU WR WKHLU
DQWHQQDV WR UHGXFH FDEOH ORVVHV
6HFXULW\LVQ¶WXVXDOO\DSUREOHPEXWDOO
WKHRWKHUHQYLURQPHQWDODVSHFWVUHPDLQ
WREHPDQDJHG6WLOOLW¶VUDUHVLQFHLW¶V
RQO\UHDOO\FRPHXSDIWHUVHYHUDO\HDUV
RI 7$531V , VXSSRVH LW¶V EHFDXVH
7$531 QRGHV DUH DOPRVW H[FOXVLYHO\
UXQ IURP SHRSOH¶V KRPHV VLQFH D
7$531KDVQRXVHUSRUWV,I\RXDUHQRW
UXQQLQJDQRGH\RXGRQ¶WKDYHDFFHVV
:DQW DFFHVV" 5XQ D QRGH +DYLQJ
WKLQJVDWKRPHDOVRPDNHVIRUUHOLDELOL
W\,IWKHUH¶VDQHPHUJHQF\\RX¶UHOLNH
O\WREHKRPHDOUHDG\DQGFDQWDNHFDUH
)LJXUH7KHQHDUO\FRPSOHWHRXWGRRUWZRSRUWQRGH6WLOOPLVVLQJDUHWKHPDLQ
RIWKHQRGHLIQHHGHG
EDWWHU\WKHPHWHUDXGLRFDEOHWKHYROWSRZHUVXSSO\DQGWKHSDVVWKURXJK
,KRSH\RXOHDUQHGVRPHWKLQJWRGD\
IRU$&SRZHU$WOHIWDUHWKHFPDQGEDUHO\YLVLEOHLQIURQWPHWHUUDGLRV
,IWKHUH¶VVRPHRWKHUWRSLF\RX¶GHQMR\
VLWWLQJDWRSWKHYROWSRZHUVXSSO\DQGQH[WWRWKHSRZHUGLVWULEXWRU2QWKH
VHHLQJH[SORUHGGURSPHDOLQH
ULJKWDUHWKH5DVSEHUU\3LDQG71&3LV)URQWFHQWHUDUHWKHDQWHQQDSDVV
WKURXJKFRQQHFWRUV:LWKWKHOLGRQWKHWXELVWRWDOO\ZDWHUSURRI ± 'RQ1,5=

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 VHF PLUS
BY TONY EMANUELE,* K8ZR

VHF DXpeditions

5
HJXODU UHDGHUV RI WKLV FROXPQ 9+)3OXV&DOHQGDU
NQRZWKDWDIDLUDPRXQWRIVSDFH
LVGHYRWHGWRVXPPDUL]LQJYDUL
RXV9+)';SHGLWLRQVZKHWKHUWHUUHV $55/6HSWHPEHU9+)&RQWHVW6HSWHPEHUWK±WK
WULDO DQGRU (0( 7KH UHDVRQ LV TXLWH $55/*+] 8S&RQWHVW:HHNHQG6HSWHPEHUVW QG
VLPSOH,QFRPSDULVRQWRWKH+)EDQGV $55/(0(&RQWHVW*+] $ERYH6HSWHPEHUVW QG
DJRRGGHDORIWKHWLPHWKH9+)8+) 0LFURZDYH8SGDWH'DOODV7;2FWREHUUG ±WK
PLFURZDYHEDQGVDUHZDQWIRUDFWLYL 3DFLILF1RUWKZHVW9+)6RFLHW\&RQIHUHQFH,VVDTXDK:$2FWREHUWK WK
W\ ';SHGLWLRQV ODUJH RU VPDOO DOZD\V $55/(0(&RQWHVW0+]±0+]2FWREHUWK ±WK
FUHDWH DQ XSWLFN LQ DFWLYLW\ %HKLQG
HYHU\';SHGLWLRQWKHUHLVDVWRU\WRWHOO
$VLVRIWHQWKHFDVHGHVSLWHWKHEHVWRI
SODQQLQJ0XUSK\OLNHVWRWDJDORQJWR
UDUH JULGV RU H[RWLF ODQGV 0DMRU ';
SHGLWLRQVUHTXLUHDJUHDWGHDORISODQ
QLQJ DQG VRPHWLPHV FRQVLGHUDEOH
H[SHQVHZLWKQRJXDUDQWHHRIVXFFHVV
(YHU\ ';SHGLWLRQ WHDP ORFDWLRQ DQG
H[SHULHQFHLVXQLTXH²SHUKDSVWKDWLV
ZK\ WKH WHDP PHPEHUV ZLOO WHOO \RX
RQFHUHFRYHUHGIURPWKHLUHIIRUWVWKDW
WKHLU';SHGLWLRQZDVDJUHDWGHDORIIXQ
,W LV DOVR KRSHG WKDW E\ VXPPDUL]LQJ
';SHGLWLRQVUHDGHUVZLOOZDQWWRMRLQLQ
WKHIXQEHDWWKHRWKHUHQGRIWKHSLOH
XSRIDPXFKQHHGHGJULGRU';HQWLW\
DQGWDNHWRWKHILHOGWKHPVHOYHVDFWL
YDWLQJ D UDUH JULG RU SHUKDSV RIIHU WR
EHFRPH D WHDP PHPEHU RI D 9+)
';SHGLWLRQ

K8JH DXpedition to EN86 3KRWR$2SHUDWLQJSRVLWLRQLQWKHKDPYDQDVVHHQWKURXJKWKHVLGHGRRUV

6HOIGHVFULEHG DV D JURXS RI OLIHORQJ 3KRWRV$&E\-LP+HVVOHU.-+
KDP IULHQGV IURP WKH *UDQG 5DSLGV
0LFKLJDQ DUHD -LP +HVVOHU .-+
7RP %RVVFKHU .7% 0LNH 6WDUN
.%.% DQG %RE 6KHQHPDQ .(,2
VWDUWHG WKH ³KDP YDQ´ SURMHFW DERXW
WKUHH \HDUV DJR ,QLWLDOO\ -LP¶V LQWHQW
ZLWKWKHKHOSRIKLVIULHQGVZDVWREXLOG
D WRZHU WUDLOHU WKDW ZRXOG DOORZ WKH
JURXSWRURYHZLWKDQH\HWRZDUGVDFWL
YDWLQJ UDUH JULG VTXDUHV $IWHU VRPH
WKRXJKWLWEHFDPHFOHDUWKDWLQRUGHU
WRWDNHIXOODGYDQWDJHRIDQ\DQWHQQDV
WKDW WKH WUDLOHU ZRXOG KDXO D VXLWDEOH
RSHUDWLQJ SRVLWLRQ RWKHU WKDQ ORFDWLQJ
WKHJHDURQDQXQRFFXSLHGVHDWLQWKH
WRZYHKLFOHZDVQHFHVVDU\
(QYLVLRQHGZDVDFDUJRYDQZLWKSOHQ
W\ RI KHDGURRP IRU WKH RSHUDWRUV DQG
VXIILFLHQWVSDFHIRUDZHOOHTXLSSHGVWD
WLRQZLWKDQXPELOLFDOFRUGWRWKHWUDLOHU
'XULQJDVHDUFKRIRQHRIWKHYDULRXV

FR&4PDJD]LQH
HPDLON]U#FTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP! 3KRWR%&ORVHXSYLHZRIKDPYDQRSHUDWLQJSRVLWLRQ

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 DXFWLRQVLWHV-LPKDSSHQHGWR³VWXPEOH´
XSRQDXVHG79QHZVYDQ/RFDWHG
PLOHV DZD\ DQG LQ XQNQRZQ FRQGLWLRQ
-LP ELG DFFRUGLQJO\ ZLVHO\ SODFLQJ D
VHOILPSRVHGKDUGOLPLWEHIRUHHQJDJLQJ
LQ WKH ELGGLQJ SURFHVV +H ZDV VRRQ
RXWELGEXWZDVVXUSULVHGWREHFRQWDFW
HGE\WKHVHOOHUDIWHUWKHDXFWLRQFRQ
FOXGHGDVWKHKLJKHVWELGGHUEDFNHGRXW
RIWKHGHDO
+HZDVJLYHQWKHRSSRUWXQLW\WRSXU
FKDVHWKHYHKLFOHDWKLVODVWKLJKHVWELG
ZKLFK WXUQHG RXW WR EH VXEVWDQWLDOO\
ORZHUWKDQWKHDSSDUHQWZLQQLQJELG

3KRWR&7KHKDPYDQ¶VRSHUDWLQJVLWH 3KRWR':\DWW'LUNV$&‘5$/DQG'DYH6ZDQVRQ.*&&,5DFWLYDWHG

LQ(1SURYLGHGDQRYHUZDWHUWDNH JULGVLQHLJKWGD\VGXULQJWKH:'';SHGLWLRQLQ-XQH3KRWRV'+E\'DYH
RIISRLQWIRUVLJQDOVLQPDQ\GLUHFWLRQV 6ZDQVRQ.*&&,

3KRWR(7KH:'';SHGLWLRQVHWXSRQWKH'1'1ERXQGDU\OLQHQRUWKHDVWRI*ROFRQGD1HYDGD

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 $IHZZHHNVODWHU-LPDQG7RPPDGHWKHLUZD\LQD-DQXDU\
VQRZVWRUPWR8WLFD1HZ<RUNWRSLFNXSZKDW-LPGHVFULEHV
DVKLV³SUL]H´7KH\ZHUHSOHDVDQWO\VXUSULVHGZLWKWKHFRQ
GLWLRQRIWKHYDQWKHPDVWDQGWKHLQWHULRUUDFNFDELQHWV7KH
)RUG(YDQZLWKOHVVWKDQPLOHVXQXVXDO
IRUD79QHZVYDQKDGLWV9HQJLQHZHOOFDUHGIRUDVZDV
WKHRQERDUG:LOO%XUWIRRWPDVW7KHWRZHUWUDLOHULGHDZDV

3KRWR):'RSHUDWLQJIURPWKHJULGFRUQHURI'0'0
'0'0LQWKHDEVROXWHPLGGOHRIQRZKHUH1HYDGD

3KRWR+2SHUDWLQJIURP\HWDQRWKHUJULGMXQFWLRQVWKLVWLPH
WKH'1'1/LQHQRUWKRI(ONR1HYDGD

)LJXUH0DSRI0+]FRQWDFWVGXULQJWKHHDUO\KRXUVRI
3KRWR*$QRWKHUJULGDQRWKHUVWDWH«:'RSHUDWHVIURP WKH&4:RUOG:LGH9+)&RQWHVWRQ-XO\)LJXUHV
'0QHDU/DNH3RZHOO8WDK FRXUWHV\RI';0DSV

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 RQPHWHU)7FRQWDFWV7RWKDWHQG
)7DQG06.462VZHUH
PDGHZLWKVWDWLRQVLQJULGVDQGVL[
FRXQWULHV $QRWKHU  462V ZHUH
PDGHRQPHWHUV7RTXRWH-LP³:H
KDGDEDOODQGDOVRIDLUO\JRRGSURSD
JDWLRQ:HZLOONHHSWKH9+)FRPPX
QLW\LQIRUPHGRIQH[W\HDU¶V(1SODQ´
7KH KDP YDQ KDV EHHQ SDUW RI WKH
'D\WRQ +DPYHQWLRQ¶V ³URYHU URZ´ WKH
SDVWWZR\HDUVDQGZLOOEHEDFNLQ

W7D DXpedition
'DYH 6ZDQVRQ .*&&, DQG :\DWW
'LUNV $&5$ RSHUDWLQJ DV WKH :'
';SHGLWLRQ WHDP 3KRWR ' FRPSLOHG
LPSUHVVLYHVWDWLVWLFVE\DQ\PHDVXUHE\
DFWLYDWLQJJULGVRQPHWHUVLQ-XQH
LQFOXGLQJVL[RIWKHWRSPRVWZDQWHG
))0$ JULGV LQ ILYH VWDWHV $FURVV DOO
EDQGV DQG PRGHV DQ DPD]LQJ 
462VZHUHORJJHGRQWKHGD\URYH
)LJXUH7KHPD[LPXPXVDEOHIUHTXHQF\08)ZDVZHOOLQWRWKH9+)UDQJHLQ LQFOXGLQJPHWHUWHUUHVWULDO462V
PXFKRIWKHHDVWHUQ8QLWHG6WDWHVGXULQJWKHILUVWIHZKRXUVRIWKLV\HDU¶V&4::  462V YLD WKH PRRQ RQ  PHWHUV
9+)&RQWHVW ZLWK DQRWKHU  WHUUHVWULDO PHWHU
462VDQG²XQXVXDOIRUDW\SLFDOURYH
²462VYLDVDWHOOLWH
SXWDVLGHDQGWKHZRUNRIUHFRQGLWLRQ WKUHH\HDUVLQWKHJULGVWKDWWKHWHDP 7REUHDNLWGRZQIXUWKHURQPHWHUV
LQJDQGWUDQVIRUPDWLRQRIWKHYDQEHJDQ KDV DFWLYDWHG 7KLV SDVW -XQH -LP WKHPL[ZDV462VZLWK)7
LQHDUQHVW6HH3KRWRV$ DQG% DVZHOO 7RP%REDQG0LNHKHDGHGWR(1LQ RQ66%DQGXVLQJ06.$OO
DV WKH 1RYHPEHU  HGLWLRQ RI WKLV WKH8SSHU3HQLQVXODRI0LFKLJDQ$WD PHWHU (0( FRQWDFWV ZHUH PDGH ZLWK
FROXPQ UHQWHG FDELQ ORFDWHG RQ WKH VKRUHV RI -7 ZKLOH WKH WHUUHVWULDO EUHDNGRZQ
&DULERX/DNHQHDUWKHLQWHUVHFWLRQRI ZDV  06.  66% DQG  )7
Fast-Forward /DNHV+XURQDQG6XSHULRUWKH\SXWWKH 462V2IWKH462VPDGHGXULQJ
6LQFH FRPSOHWLRQ RI WKH KDP YDQ WKH KDPYDQ¶VWHOHVFRSLFPDVWWRJRRGXVH WKHLUWULSZHUHIURPIL[HGORFDWLRQV
JURXS UHSRUWV WKDW LW KDV EHHQ D ³UHDO FOHDULQJWKHFDELQ¶VURRIDQGSURYLGLQJ ZLWK462PDGHZKLOHPRELOH$FURVV
EODVW´OLYLQJWKHLUJULGURYLQJGUHDP7KH DQXQREVWUXFWHGRYHUWKHZDWHUODXQFK DOOEDQGVDQGPRGHVXQLTXHFDOO
EDVLFGHVLJQKDVOLYHGXSWRWKHLUH[SHF RI5)IURPZHVWWKURXJKVRXWKHDVWVHH VLJQVZHUHZRUNHGZLWKXQLTXHFDOOV
WDWLRQVSHUIRUPLQJDVLQWHQGHGWKHSDVW 3KRWR&:KLOHLQ(1WKHIRFXVZDV RQPHWHUVDQGXQLTXHVRQ(0(

)LJXUH%DUHO\PLQXWHVODWHUWKHHOHYDWHG08)OHYHOVKDV )LJXUH7KH08)QXPEHUVNHSWRQFOLPELQJDVWKHFRQ
VWUHWFKHGWRFRYHUYLUWXDOO\WKHHQWLUHHDVWHUQKDOIRIWKH86 WHVWPRYHGDORQJ

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

During the June VHF Contest from

W7DXX REMOTE
DN20 and DN10, 320 QSOs were
recorded on 6 and 2 meters. Over a kilo-
buck was spent on vehicle and gener-
ator fuel, with about half that again to 7KHZRUOG¶VILUVWLQWHUQHWUHPRWHEDVH
sustain the operators. Certainly, a
superb effort and operation by Dave (/(&5$)7 . Π:.)$ Π(/(0(17 /3 DW

and Wyatt. 81/,0,7(''; Π0(0%(56+,3 02<5

On the Bands 1R(TXLSPHQW5HTXLUHG
Besides cookouts, days at the beach, -XVWD3&DQG,QWHUQHW
and other arm weather activities, sum-
mer can be reliably counted on to bring Join Us
a bit of tropo to the VHF+ bands, along
with frequent sporadic-E (Es) openings. Visit www.w7dxx.com for details
This summer was no different and for
most of the participants in July’s CQ
World Wide VHF Contest, not only was
there plenty of magic on the magic
band, but for many in the Midwest and
parts of Canada, the magic reached the
2-meter band as the MUF (maximum
usable frequency) exceeded 200 MHz
at one point. As seen in Figure 1, the 6-
meter band was open for business for
most of the U.S. east of the Mississippi
at the start of the contest at 18:00 UTC.
The MUF rose quickly and by 19:00
UTC was between 150 and 160 MHz
(see Figure 2). Shifting around geo-
graphically, as is often the case, the
MUF was above 144 MHz at 19:33 UTC
(see Figure 3), reaching a peak at
approximately 22:00 UTC at 222 MHz
(see Figure 4) before dropping back to
an estimated MUF of 168 MHz by 22:06
UTC (Figure 5). Figure 6 captures the
extent of the 2-meter Es opening during
the contest.
Representative of the many reports
submitted for this column is that of Tony
Everhardt, N8WAC, located in EN81
 

northwestern Ohio. Tony had logged  
his first 6-meter FT8 QSO the day
before the contest. Later, he switched
modes, making a number of SSB con-
tacts on the band, all while keeping an
eye on the DXMaps MUF page. He
watched as the MUF began its climb.










When it reached 144 MHz, he started 


 









to call CQ on 2 meters and almost



 

immediately worked K5SW in Okla-










homa at 18:38 UTC for his first 2-meter 



"#!*



'


 
Es QSO in 14 years, followed soon after 




 



+)!,
 



by K5ZW in Arkansas. Tony noticed 













that the peak MUF had shifted to the 











west, adjusted his antenna according- 


!
)





  !"#


-.




$%&#&'(
&
ly and soon worked K5ZG DM88 in 





 

())&*# #
Colorado at 18:46 UTC. In quick suc-  !
"#!$
%


/)"




 


$%+ 
#&
cession, he then worked NØYK &''&(
)
- 




 *' 
# ,&
Kansas, W3DHK Colorado, KAØJGH 

&''&(


Nebraska, NØLL Kansas, and WE7L  

"#!$
%



0*11

Colorado. At 19:22 UTC, KØGU DN70 




was worked and 30 minutes later, !$





WDØBQM in western Nebraska was preciserf.com
logged. An indication of the intensity of 13690 Wisteria Dr NE Aurora,
OR 97002 ph: (503) 915-2490

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2019 • CQ • 77

 OUR READERS SAY...
WKHRSHQLQJZDVWKHPDQ\UHSRUWVUHFHLYHGRI462VRQPHWHUVDWGLVWDQFHV
IURPSDJH LQH[FHVVRINLORPHWHUVPLOHV7RQ\ZDVLQ462ZLWK$$'ORFDWHG
QHDU&KLFDJREUDJJLQJDERXWWKHJUHDWFRQGLWLRQVRQWKHEDQGZKHQ:‘$$7
$Q\ZD\LWZRXOGEHLQWHUHVWLQJWRGR LQ0LQQHVRWDEURNHLQDW87&$FFRUGLQJWR7RQ\³,KDYHQHYHUKDGVR
VRPH H[SHULPHQWDWLRQ DORQJ WKHVH PXFKIXQLQP\\HDUVRI9+)';LQJ«:KDWDJUHDWWLPH´7REHVXUHD
OLQHV PHPRUDEOHGD\RQPHWHUVIRUPDQ\
±5HJDUGV ± &8RQWKHEDQGV7RQ\.=5
,UZLQ
1RWH
Woodpecker Radar Site ))0$LVWKH)UHG)LVK0HPRULDO$ZDUGRULJLQDWHGE\WKH&HQWUDO6WDWHV9+)
7KH IROORZLQJ LV LQ UHVSRQVH WR RXU 6RFLHW\ DQG QRZ DGPLQLVWHUHG E\ WKH $55/ IRU FRQILUPHG FRQWDFWV ZLWK DOO 
-XQH³1HZV%\WHV´LWHPRQWKHPDV 0DLGHQKHDGJULGVTXDUHVLQWKHFRQWLQHQWDO8QLWHG6WDWHV)RUPRUHLQIRUPDWLRQYLVLW
VLYHUHFHLYHVLWHIRUWKH6RYLHW8QLRQ¶V ZZZDUUORUJIIPD!
³ZRRGSHFNHU´ RYHUWKHKRUL]RQ UDGDU
V\VWHPLQ8NUDLQHEHFRPLQJDPDMRU
WRXULVWDWWUDFWLRQDQGLWVSRVVLEOHFRQ
QHFWLRQ WR WKH &KHUQRE\O QXFOHDU
SRZHUSODQW

(GLWRU&4
7KHUHLVDGRFXPHQWDU\ILOPDWPDQ\
OLEUDULHV FDOOHG ³7KH 5XVVLDQ :RRG
SHFNHU´ WKDW GHVFULEHV WKH RSHUDWLRQ
RIWKHRYHUWKHKRUL]RQUDGDULQVWDOOD
WLRQQHDU&KHUQRE\O7KHILOPLVLQWKH
5XVVLDQODQJXDJHDQGZKLOHDEDVLF
XQGHUVWDQGLQJ RI WKDW ODQJXDJH ZLOO
DGGWRWKHHQMR\PHQWRIWKHILOPLWLV
QRWQHFHVVDU\7KHILOPLVDYDLODEOHLQ
WKH IRUHLJQ ODQJXDJH GHSDUWPHQW RI
PDQ\SXEOLFOLEUDULHV
8SRQ IXUWKHU YLHZLQJ RI WKH ILOP LW
ZRXOGDSSHDUWKDWWKHPDVVLYHDQWHQ
QDVWUXFWXUHQHDU&KHUQRE\OZDVXVHG
DVDWUDQVPLWWHUUDWKHUWKDQDUHFHLYH
RQO\DQWHQQDDV\RXUDUWLFOHVWDWHG,W
ZRXOGVWDQGWRUHDVRQWKDWDKLJKSRZ
HUHGWUDQVPLWWHUZRXOGEHORFDWHGQHDU
DSRZHUVRXUFH,0+2
±GH-DPHV9LHOH:-9 )LJXUH  7KH QXPEHUV VWD\HG HOHYDWHG IRU VHYHUDO KRXUV SURGXFLQJ JUHDW
RSSRUWXQLWLHVIRUPD[LPL]LQJFRQWHVWVFRUHV
:98UHVSRQGV
7KDQN\RX-DPHVIRUWKHLQWHUHVW
LQJDGGLWLRQDOLQIRUPDWLRQ,WZRXOGGHI
LQLWHO\ PDNH VHQVH WR EXLOG D 
PHJDZDWW WUDQVPLWWHU FORVH WR LWV
SRZHUVRXUFHDQGWKHUHLVVSHFXODWLRQ
WKDWWKH&KHUQRE\OUHDFWRUZDVEXLOWSUL
PDULO\WRSRZHUWKLVV\VWHP+RZHYHU
WKH&117UDYHOVWRU\RQZKLFKWKLVLWHP
ZDVEDVHGZDVYHU\VSHFLILFDERXWWKH
'XJDVLWHEHLQJXVHGRQO\IRUPRQLWRU
LQJ WKH UHWXUQLQJ UDGDU VLJQDOV ³7KH
'XJDUDGDUZDVRQO\DVLJQDOUHFHLY
HU´LWQRWHGDGGLQJWKDW³WKHWUDQVPLW
WLQJFHQWHUZDVEXLOWVRPHNLORPH
WHUVDZD\LQDWRZQFDOOHG/XEHFK
QRZDOVRDEDQGRQHG´2WKHUVRXUFHV
RILQIRUPDWLRQGRQ¶WDSSHDUWRGLIIHUHQ
WLDWH EHWZHHQ UHFHLYH DQG WUDQVPLW
VLWHVVRLWLVGLIILFXOWWRJHWDGGLWLRQDO
FRQILUPDWLRQ,IDQ\RIRXUUHDGHUVKDS
SHQWRKDYHVSHFLDOL]HGNQRZOHGJHRI
WKH'XJDIDFLOLW\WKDWWKH\DUHDEOHWR )LJXUH7KHKLJK08)OHYHOSURYLGHGDUDUHRSSRUWXQLW\IRUH[WHQVLYHVSRUDGLF
VKDUHZH¶GORYHWRKHDUIURP\RX (FRQWDFWVRQPHWHUVDVZHOODVPHWHUV

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 AWARDS
BY EDDIE DEYOUNG,* AE7AA

Introducing Our New Awards Editor and “Back to the CQuture”

:HDUHSOHDVHGWRZHOFRPH(GGLH'H<RXQJ$($$DV FDOODQGQDPHRIWKH';0DUDWKRQ$ZDUGZLQQHUZLOOZLQ
RXUQHZ$ZDUGV(GLWRU$KDPVLQFH(GGLHFXUUHQW D IUHH PRQWK GLJLWDO VXEVFULSWLRQ WR &4 RU H[WHQVLRQ LI
O\OLYHVLQ0RQWDQD²ZKHUHKHZRUNVHDFKVXPPHUDVD DOUHDG\ D GLJLWDO VXEVFULEHU $OO RWKHU FRUUHFW UHVSRQVHV
UDQJHUDW*ODFLHU1DWLRQDO3DUN²EXWVSHQWPDQ\\HDUVLQ UHFHLYHGE\6HSWHPEHUWK ZLOOZLQPRQWK&4GLJLWDOPLQL
$XVWUDOLD DV ZHOO )RU VHYHUDO \HDUV KH ZDV $ZDUGV VXEV RU H[WHQVLRQV (GLWRU¶V QRWH 7KH RULJLQDO &4 ';
0DQDJHUIRUWKH:LUHOHVV,QVWLWXWHRI$XVWUDOLDWKH9.YHU 0DUDWKRQ²DQRWKHU5$',2 PDJD]LQHUHYLYDO²TXLFNO\PRU
VLRQRIWKH$55/ZKHUHKHKHOSHGPRGHUQL]HWKHSURJUDP SKHGLQWRWKH&4:RUOG:LGH';&RQWHVW7KHFXUUHQW\HDU
DQG GHYHORSHG VRIWZDUH WR LPSURYH DZDUG SURFHVVLQJ ORQJ';0DUDWKRQZDVUHYLYHGLQDVSDUWRI&4¶V³:DNLQJ
(GGLHZLOOILOO\RXLQRQPRUHRIKLVKDPEDFNJURXQGQH[W 8S';LQJ´SURJUDPLQDQHIIRUWWRSURYLGHQHZFKDOOHQJHVIRU
PRQWK EXW ZH¶UH JODG WR KDYH KLP MRLQ WKH &4 WHDP ORQJWLPH';HUVZKRKDGDOUHDG\³ZRUNHGWKHPDOO´
:HOFRPH(GGLH±:98 7KH0DUFKLVVXHRI&4 DQQRXQFHGWKHWK :$=
&:3+21(DZDUGZLQQHU1RWH$OO:$=DZDUGVLVVXHG
WRWKLVGDWHZHUHIRU&:3+21(

$
VWKLVLVP\LQDXJXUDOFROXPQ,WKRXJKWLWZDVDJRRG
WLPHWRUHIOHFWRQWKHEHJLQQLQJRIWKH&4DZDUGVSUR If 40 Zones Weren’t Enough of a Challenge…
JUDP,FDOOLW³%DFNWRWKH&4XWXUH´ZLWKRXWDSRORJLHV &OLI(YDQV.%;ZDVZHOONQRZQIRUKLVHIIRUWVWRKHOS';
2YHUWKHSDVWVHYHUDOPRQWKVWKLVFROXPQKDVORRNHGDWLQGL NLGVJHWKDPPDJD]LQHVDQGRWKHUFKDULWDEOHHIIRUWVDVZHOO
YLGXDO&4DZDUGVVRWKLVLVPRUHRIDQRYHUYLHZRIWKHZKROH DV EHLQJ DQ DZDUGV FKDVHU ,Q D KDOISDJH FROXPQ RI WKH
SURJUDPZKLFKLVDFWXDOO\ROGHUWKDQ&4 LWVHOI 1RYHPEHULVVXHRI&4&OLIDQQRXQFHGDQHZDZDUG
Worked All Zones
,Q)HEUXDU\WKHHGLWRUVRI5$',2 PDJD]LQHDQQRXQFHG
DQHZ';DZDUG:25.('$//=21(6:$=ZKLFKZDV
QRWEDVHGVROHO\RQ³FRXQWULHV´$IWHU:RUOG:DU,,5$',2¶V
VXFFHVVRUZDV&4 PDJD]LQH,WZDVLQWKH-DQXDU\LVVXH
RI&4WKDWWKHHGLWRULDOWHDPDQQRXQFHGLWZDVUHYLYLQJWKH
:$= DZDUG 3KRWR $ ([FLWHPHQW LQ WKH SRVWZDU ';LQJ
FRPPXQLW\ ZRUOGZLGH ZDV LPPHGLDWH 7KH &4 =RQH 0DS
EHFDPHDYDLODEOHVRRQDIWHUDQGLQFOXGHGWKHOLVWRIFRXQWULHV
LQHDFK]RQH7KHSRVW::,,$55/';&&OLVWRIFRXQ
WULHVZDVGHFLGHGE\DGLVWLQJXLVKHGJURXSLQFOXGLQJWKH&4
';(GLWRU+HUE%HFNHU:4'DQGKLVDGYLVRU\JURXS7KH
ILUVWSRVWZDU:$=DZDUGZDVHDUQHGE\:%;$7KHUHZHUH
VHYHUDO:¶VZKRKDGFRQILUPHG]RQHVEXWWKDWUDUH]RQH
FDUGIURP$&<1ZDVUHFHLYHGILUVWE\:%;$ZKRLPPH
GLDWHO\VHQWLWWR&4¶VHGLWRUVWRHDUQKLP:$=DZDUGPXFK
WRWKHFRQVWHUQDWLRQRIWKRVH:¶VHVSHFLDOO\:6$,ZKRKDG
:=VLQFHWKHDZDUGZDVDQQRXQFHG:6$,ILQDOO\JRW
WKDWILQDO46/WRHDUQ&4:$=
2.KHUHLVDFKDOOHQJHIRUUHDGHUV:KRHDUQHGWKHILUVW
:$=3+21(21/<DZDUGDQGLQZKLFKLVVXHRI&4 ZDVLW
DQQRXQFHG" 7KH ILUVW HPDLO UDQGRPO\ VHOHFWHG RQ
6HSWHPEHUWK LQGLFDWLQJWKHFRUUHFWFDOODQGQDPH
RIWKHZLQQHUZLOOZLQDIUHHPRQWKGLJLWDOVXEVFULSWLRQWR
&4RUH[WHQVLRQLIDOUHDG\DGLJLWDOVXEVFULEHU$OORWKHUFRU
UHFWUHVSRQVHVUHFHLYHGE\6HSWHPEHUWK ZLOOZLQPRQWK
&4GLJLWDOPLQLVXEVRUH[WHQVLRQV
&4¶V$XJXVW';FROXPQSURYLGHGQHZVRIDSRVVL
EOH '; 0DUDWKRQ 3KRWR % &4 ZDV DVNLQJ IRU IHHGEDFN
IURPUHDGHUV,WGLGQRWWDNHORQJIRUWKHHGLWRUVWRDQQRXQFH
LQWKH2FWREHULVVXHWKDWWKHLQDXJXUDO';0DUDWKRQ
ZRXOGWDNHSODFHIURP-DQXDU\VW WR'HFHPEHUVW 
2.,DPIHHOLQJUHDOO\JHQHURXVDQGWKHILUVWHPDLOUDQGRPO\
VHOHFWHGRQWKHVDPHGDWHLQGLFDWLQJWKHFRUUHFW

32%R[ 3KRWR$&4¶VDZDUGSURJUDPEHJDQLQ²WZR\HDUV
:HVW*ODFLHU07 DIWHUWKHPDJD]LQHEHJDQSXEOLFDWLRQ²ZLWKWKHUHYLYDORI
(PDLODHDD#ZLQQLQJRUJ! 5$',2PDJD]LQH¶VSRSXODU:RUNHG$OO=RQHVDZDUG

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

ZRXOGEHVSRQVRUHGE\&4 DQGPDQ
DJHGE\KLP7KLVZDVWKHEHJLQQLQJRI
WKH YHU\ SRSXODU &4 86$ &RXQWLHV
$ZDUG86$&$SURJUDP+DPJURXSV
LQPDQ\VWDWHVDOUHDG\VSRQVRUHGWKHLU
RZQ:RUNHG$OO&RXQWLHVDZDUGVEXWLW
ZDV &OLI ZKR WKRXJKW QDWLRQDOO\ DERXW
DQDZDUGLQFOXVLYHRIDOO86FRXQWLHV
1RRQHEDFNWKHQFRXOGKDYHLPDJLQHG
KRZ SRSXODU WKLV SURJUDP ZRXOG
EHFRPH,WZDVQ¶WORQJEHIRUHWKDWKDOI
SDJHEHFDPHVHYHUDOSDJHV86$&$
$OO&RXQWLHV$ZDUGZDVLVVXHG
LQWR-LP9DQGLYHU1&$53KRWR
&7RGDWHPRUHWKDQDPDWHXUV
KDYH ZRUNHG DQG FRQILUPHG DOO 
86FRXQWLHV 3KRWR&7KH86$&RXQWLHV$ZDUG
ZDVVWDUWHGLQ,WWRRNDOLWWOHOHVV
More Than 3077? WKDQ\HDUVIRU$OO&RXQWLHV$ZDUG
QXPEHUWREHLVVXHG7KHOXFN\
7KH:3;DZDUGZDVERUQLQ-DQXDU\
FRXQW\ KXQWHU ZDV ,QGLDQD¶V -LPP\
3KRWR'DQGNQRZQRULJLQDOO\DV
9DQGLYHU1&$5
:RUNHG$OO3UHIL[HVPDQDJHGLQLWLDOO\

3KRWR%7KH&4';0DUDWKRQZDVDQQRXQFHGLQ2FWREHU 3KRWR'7KH&4:3;$ZDUGZDVVWDUWHGLQ:LWKD
RI$IWHURQH\HDUWKH0DUDWKRQZDVUHFRQILJXUHGDV SUHIL[ ³VWDUWLQJ SRLQW´ LW¶V UHODWLYHO\ HDV\ WR HDUQ WKH
WKH&4:RUOG:LGH';&RQWHVWWKHQUHYLYHGDVD\HDUORQJ DZDUG¶V LQLWLDO OHYHO %XW TXDOLI\LQJ IRU WKH :3; $ZDUG RI
FRPSHWLWLRQLQ ([FHOOHQFHLVDPDMRUFKDOOHQJH

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

E\ -HUU\ :$*/' 7KH UDFH ZDV RQ IRU :3;  ,Q WKH &4 HGLWRUVUHVSRQGHG$IWHUFDUHIXOFRQVLGHUDWLRQE\WKH&4
'HFHPEHULVVXHRI&4LWZDVDQQRXQFHGWKDWQRQH ';$GYLVRU\&RPPLWWHHDSSURYDOZDVJLYHQIRUWKH&4';
RWKHUWKDQ';OHJHQG/OR\G&ROYLQ:.*UHFHLYHG:3; $:$5',WEHFDPHDQRWKHUVXFFHVVVWRU\IRUWKH&4WHDP
+HZDVDQDYLG';FKDVHUDVZHOODV';SHGLWLRQHUDQG 7KH&4';$ZDUGZDVDQQRXQFHGLQWKH-DQXDU\LVVXH
QHYHUPLVVHGDFKDQFHWRVQDJDQHZSUHIL[,WWRRNKLP
DOPRVWD\HDUWRJHWWKDWHOXVLYHWK FDUG:KHQKHKDG
46/LQKDQG/OR\GIOHZIURP6DQ)UDQFLVFRWR1HZ
<RUN&LW\WRKDQGWKH46/VGLUHFWO\WR&4 0DJD]LQH2YHU
WLPHWKLVDZDUGZRXOGEHFRPHRQHRIWKHHDVLHVWWRHDUQ
RQWKHLQLWLDOOHYHOEXWRQHRIWKHKDUGHVWIRUZKLFKWRUHDFK
WKHSLQQDFOHDVPRUHSUHIL[HVDUHDGGHGDOOWKHWLPH$YHU\
H[FOXVLYHFOXEKROGVPHPEHUVKLSRQWKH:3;+RQRU5ROO
%XWQRZZLWKQHZSUHIL[HVEHLQJDGGHGRQDUHJXODUEDVLV
WKHFOXELVJURZLQJ$VRIWKHWRWDOVSUHSDUHGIRUWKLVLVVXH
3KRWR(7KHIROORZLQJ\HDUWKLVDZDUGZDVVSOLWLQWRWZR
VHSDUDWHRQHV7KHQHZ66%PRGHZDVJDLQLQJSRSXODULW\
VRWKH';DGYLVRU\FRPPLWWHHGHFLGHGWKDWWKHUHVKRXOGEH
DVHSDUDWHDZDUGIRUZRUNLQJ';&&HQWLWLHVRQ66%
7KHVHDZDUGVEHFDPHNQRZQDV&4';66%$:$5'DQG
&4 '; &: $:$5' ,Q IDFW &4 ZDV WKH ILUVW WR RIIHU DQ
DZDUGH[FOXVLYHO\IRUWKH³QHZ´66%PRGH
7KH&4DZDUGVSURJUDPEHFDPHVRSRSXODUWKDWE\WKH
-DQXDU\LVVXHRI&4WKHUHZDVDQHZDZDUGVFROXPQ
KRVWHGE\(G+RSSHU:*7(GSURYLGHGXVHIXOLQIRUPD
VHH';&ROXPQ7RP$$$KROGVWKHXQRIILFLDOWLWOHRI
³7RS*XQ´ZLWKSUHIL[HVDQGWRS86LV-RKQ.99
ZLWK%XWZDWFKRXWWKHUHDUHDORWRIKXQWHUVKRWRQ
\RXUWDLOV
A DXCC Alternative
0DQ\UHDGHUVZDQWHGDQDOWHUQDWLYHWRWKH$55/';&&SUR
WLRQDERXW&4 DQGRWKHUDZDUGVEXWHVSHFLDOO\&4:$=
:3;';&OLI.%;FRQWLQXHGWRPDQDJHWKH86$&$
SURJUDPZLWKKLVRZQFROXPQLQ&4
0RUHJXHVVLQJFRQWHVWVZLOOEHDUHJXODUSDUWRIP\FROXPQ
'RQ¶WPLVVDQLVVXHRU\RXPLJKWPLVVRXWRQDSUL]HRKDQG
VRPHLQWHUHVWLQJDZDUGVLQIRUPDWLRQ1H[WPRQWKP\KDP
UDGLRELRZLOOEHH[SRVHGEXWLWLVPHGLDUDWHGDVVDIHIRU
JUDPRQO\$55/PHPEHUVDUHHOLJLEOHLQWKH86VRWKH IDPLOLHVDQGFKLOGUHQWRUHDG)XWXUHFROXPQVZLOOFRYHUVRPH
OHVVHU NQRZQ &4 DZDUGV DQG PDQ\ WLSV IRU HDUQLQJ RXU
DZDUGVIRUVWDWLRQVRIDOOVL]HV%7:WKDW¶V³%\7KH:D\´LQ
VRFLDO PHGLD VSHDN HPDLO PH \RXU VXJJHVWLRQV WKDW \RX
ZRXOGOLNHWRVHHLQIXWXUHFROXPQVRUKRZ\RXOLNHRU"P\
ZULWLQJVW\OH7KDW¶VDZUDSIRUWKLVPRQWK/HW¶VNHHSWKH&4
DZDUGV PDQDJHPHQW WHDP EXV\ ZLWK \RXU DZDUG VXEPLV
VLRQVDQGXSGDWHV
±DQGNHHSFKDVLQJWKRVHJUHDW&4DZDUGV(GGLH
$($$

3KRWR(7KH&4';$ZDUGZDVODXQFKHGLQDVDQ
DOWHUQDWLYHWR$55/¶V';&&,WDOVREHFDPHWKHILUVWPDMRU
DZDUGVSHFLILFDOO\IRFXVHGRQVLQJOHVLGHEDQG66%FRQ
WDFWV7KHUHZDVDQGLVDOVRD&:YHUVLRQ

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 DX
BY BOB SCHENCK, N2OO

The Care and Feeding of QSL Managers

4
6/ PDQDJHUVDUHIUHTXHQWO\WKH
XQVXQJKHURHVLQWKHZRUOGRI
'; 2IWHQ LW WDNHV RQO\ D IHZ
VHFRQGVWRPDNHD462ZLWKD';VWD
WLRQHVSHFLDOO\ZKHQLWLVD';SHGLWLRQ
%XWHYHQZLWKWKHXVHRIDQ2456V\V
WHP DFWXDOO\ SURFHVVLQJ D 46/ FDUG
IRUWKH³GHVHUYLQJ´RXWWKHUHFDQWDNH
PLQXWHVWRDFFRPSOLVK7KHQPXOWLSO\
E\ VHYHUDO WKRXVDQG FRQWDFWV 7KLQN
DERXWLW
)RUH[DPSOH,ZRUN&‘/RQ66%
DVVXFK

122FDOOVLQWKHSLOHXS³1RYHPEHU
7ZR2VFDU2VFDU´
&‘/³1RYHPEHU7ZR2VFDU2VFDU
ILYHQLQH´
122 ³46/ <RX¶UH DOVR ILYH QLQH
7KDQNV´
&‘/³7KDQNV45=HG7KUHH&KDUOLH
=HUR/LPD´

$VORQJDVWKH462JRHVVPRRWKO\,
FRXQWRIIDERXWRUVHFRQGV
1RZOHW¶VORRNDWSURFHVVLQJD46/
FDUGYLDWKHWKUHHPRVWFRPPRQPHWK $QROGSKRWRIURPWKH<‘;46/RSHUDWLRQDW6-';$)LYH%REV7RS/
RGV 2456 WKH 46/ %XUHDX V\VWHP 5%RE:LFN1+0%RE6FKHQFN122%RWWRP/5%RE7RPNRYLFK.5(7
DQGGLUHFWPDLO/RJERRNRIWKH:RUOG %RE3DQWD]HV:$53DQG%RE%UXQR11)
LVQRWLQFOXGHGVLQFHQRSK\VLFDOFDUGLV
SURGXFHGRUPDLOHG
2456 'LUHFW 'RLQJ WKH 2456
SURFHVVLQ&OXE/RJWKHDPRXQWRIWLPH
YDULHV7KH46/PDQDJHUPXVWORJLQ
JRWRWKHFRUUHFW³FDOO´DFFRXQWIRUWKH
';VWDWLRQDQGJRWKURXJKWKHSURFHVV
WRSULQWODEHOVIRUDOOUHTXHVWHG46/VIRU
WKDWSDUWLFXODUFDOO,QWKHHDUO\VWDJHV
RID';SHGLWLRQ46/SURFHVVWKLVRYHU
DOO WLPH LV FRQGHQVHG VLQFH ³PDQ\´
ODEHOVFDQEHFUHDWHGDWRQHWLPH1RZ
WKH QH[W SDUW RI WKH SURFHVV EHJLQV
ZKLFKLV³SHHODQGVWLFN´,Q&OXE/RJ
462ODEHOVDUHSULQWHGDVZHOODVPDLO
LQJ DGGUHVV ODEHOV 6R WKH SHHODQG
VWLFNSURFHVVLQYROYHVSODFLQJWKH462
ODEHORQWKH46/FDUGDQGWKHDGGUHVV
ODEHORQWKHPDLOLQJHQYHORSH3RVWDJH
ZLOOQHHGWREHDIIL[HGDVZHOODVDUHWXUQ
DGGUHVV /HW¶V DGG VRPH DSSURSULDWH
VWXIIHUV 1&';) ,1'(;$ HWF IRU
VSRQVRUVDVQHFHVVDU\DQGDWULSWRWKH
SRVWRIILFHWRSXWLWLQWRWKHPDLO(YHQ
ZLWK PXOWLSOH 46/V EHLQJ SURFHVVHG
WRJHWKHU,WKLQNZHFDQDOODJUHHWKDW

(PDLOQRR#FRPFDVWQHW! 122DQG.)%4¶V/DEUDGRRGOH³3HQQ\´JXDUGWKH1DYDVVD.1PDLOLQ

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

SURFHVVLQJD46/FDUGHYHQXVLQJWKH DJHUVZKRKDQGOHPXOWLSOHFDOOV&OXE LQ&OXE/RJRUWKH2456V\VWHPXVHG
UHDVRQDEO\DXWRPDWHG&OXE/RJ2456 /RJXVHGWROLVW2456EXUHDXDQGUHJ RUZKDWHYHUH[WHUQDOORJJLQJSURJUDP
PHWKRGWDNHVIDUORQJHUWKDQVHFRQGV XODU PDQXDOO\SURFHVVHG EXUHDX \RXXVH7KHQSRLQWDQGFOLFNWRFRQ
HDFK , ZRXOG VD\ WKDW RQ DYHUDJH D UHTXHVWVVHSDUDWHO\,DVNHG&OXE/RJ ILUPWKH462VSULQWWKH46/ODEHOV
46/ PDQDJHU ZLOO VSHQG DERXW RQH LILWFRXOGFRPELQHWKHVHEHFDXVHIRU SXOOEODQN46/FDUGVIURPWKHILOHVSHHO
PLQXWHSHUFDUGLQWKHHDUO\SDUWRIWKH PRVW46/PDQDJHUVLWLVEHWWHULIWKHVH DQGVWLFNDGGDQ\DSSURSULDWHVSRQVRU
46/ SURFHVVLQJ DQG IDU PRUH ODWHU FRXOGEHFRPELQHGDQGDFWXDOO\KHOSV VWXIIHUV SODFH LW DOO LQ WKH SURYLGHG
ZKHQIHZHUFDUGVDUHUHTXHVWHGDWDQ\ E\DOORZLQJWKHPDQDJHUWRSULQW$// HQYHORSHVDIIL[SRVWDJHLIQHFHVVDU\
JLYHQ WLPH 6PDOOHU TXDQWLWLHV DOZD\V EXUHDXUHTXHVWVWRJHWKHU,I,SURFHVV DQGRXWLWJRHV
ERJ GRZQ WKH RYHUDOO SURFHVV )RU ³$// %852´ LW ZLOO FRPELQH ³2456 7KDW¶VHQRXJKDERXWWKHWLPHIDFWRU,
H[DPSOHLWPLJKWWDNHPHDIXOOWKUHHRU %852´ZLWKSODLQPDQXDOO\SURFHVVHG MXVWZDQWHGWRH[SDQGRQWKHIDFWWKDWD
IRXUPLQXWHVWRSURFHVVDVROR46/FDUG ³%852´ :H FDQ DOVR SURFHVV $// 462ZKLFKWDNHVDIHZVHFRQGVWRFRP
IRU DQ ROGHU ';SHGLWLRQ $JDLQ FRP EXUHDXUHTXHVWVLQ³';&&VRUWRUGHU´ SOHWH ZLOO UHTXLUH PXFK PRUH WLPH IRU
SDUHWRWKHVHFRQGVQHHGHGWRPDNH IRU³$//&$//6´LQRXUDFFRXQW7KH\ SURFHVVLQJD46/FDUG/HW¶VPRYHRQ
WKH462$QGLIWKH462LVLQDQROG ZLOOEHDXWRPDWLFDOO\VRUWHGXQGHUHDFK WRWKHFRVWV
SDSHUORJZHFDQPRYHLQWRWKHPLQ FDOOLQ\RXUDFFRXQW6RIRUH[DPSOH
XWHVRUPRUHWLPHIUDPHIRUSURFHVVLQJ LI,KDYHODEHOVWRSULQWIRU'8.$ Costs of QSLing
D 46/ VLQFH WKH SDSHU ORJ PXVW EH  ODEHOV IRU (7$$  ODEHOV IRU )RU';SHGLWLRQV,FDQRQO\UHODWHZKDW
ORFDWHGVHDUFKHGWKURXJKPDUNHGDV )7=0  ODEHOV IRU +.‘1$ DQG  P\RZQH[SHULHQFHKDVEHHQ,XVXDOO\
FRQILUPHGDQGDKDQGZULWWHQ46/LV ODEHOVIRU9367,DQG,VHOHFW³SULQWLQ VHWXSDSURFHVVZLWKD';SHGLWLRQWKDW
SURFHVVHG ';&&RUGHU´LWZLOOSULQWWKHODEHOVIRU JRHVVRUWRIOLNHWKLV$';SHGLWLRQDVNV
%XUHDX 3URFHVVLQJ EXUHDX FDUGV '8.$ ILUVW WKHQ (7$$ )7=0 PHWREHLWV46/PDQDJHU:HDUUDQJH
FDQ EH WLPH FRQVXPLQJ EXW D VLPLODU +.‘1$DQG9367,ZLWKHDFKVHWLQ JHQHUDOSDUDPHWHUVLQDGYDQFHLQRUGHU
DPRXQWRIWLPHLVUHTXLUHGDVZLWKGLUHFW ';&&RUGHU7KHQWKHSHHODQGVWLFN WR HQVXUH DOO GHWDLOV DUH SUHVHW DQG
PDLO +RZHYHU VLQFH , SURFHVV DOO SURFHVVLVVLPSOLILHG$VORQJDVHDFK DJUHHGWR,DVNWKDWWKH';SHGLWLRQEXG
LQFRPLQJEXUHDXSDSHU46/FDUGVIRU EDWFKLVNHSWLQWKDWVDPHRUGHUDVWKH JHW WKH SULQWLQJ RI WKH 46/ FDUGV DQG
FDOOV WKDW DUH VHW XS LQ P\ &OXE /RJ ODEHOVDUHDWWDFKHGLWPDNHVWKHILQDO ZRUNZLWKPHRQWKHGHVLJQVRWKDWWKH
DFFRXQWV , FDQ QRZ SURFHVV WKHVH ³VRUW´ IRU WKH RXWJRLQJ EXUHDX IDLUO\ FDUGFRQIRUPVZLWKP\46/RSHUDWLRQ
WRJHWKHU ZLWK WKH 2456 EXUHDX UH VWUDLJKWIRUZDUG7KDQN\RX&/8%/2* )RUH[DPSOHLILWLVDELJ';SHGLWLRQWKDW
TXHVWVDOODWWKHVDPHWLPH6HH2456 IRUPDNLQJWKLVFKDQJHRIIHULQJWKH³$//
EXUHDX QRWHV +RZHYHU ROGHU FDOOV %852´RSWLRQ
WKDW,KDQGOHDUHPRVWO\SDSHUORJVDQG 'LUHFWPDLO 'LUHFWPDLODOZD\VWDNHV The CQ DX Field Award Program
UHTXLUHORQJHUPDQXDOSURFHVVLQJ%XW DOLWWOHELWORQJHUWKDQ2456DOWKRXJK
, DP $/:$<6 HDJHU WR KHOS DQ\RQH UHDOO\ QRW WKDW PXFK 7KH RQO\ DGGL 1HZ$ZDUGV±&:
SURFXUH WKRVH ROGHU 46/ FDUGV -XVW WLRQDO WLPH UHTXLUHG LV WKH RSHQLQJ RI
.841 
ZRUWKQRWLQJWKDWWKHWLPHUHTXLUHGLVD WKH PDLO DQG VRUWLQJ IRU SURFHVVLQJ
ELWORQJHU 7KH UHVW RI WKH SURFHVV LV DERXW WKH 1HZ$ZDUGV±0L[HG
2456 %XUHDX &OXE /RJ KDV D VDPH$VHDUFKLVGRQHLQWKHORJJLQJ
YHU\ DZHVRPH RSWLRQ IRU 46/ PDQ SURJUDPEHLQJXVHG7KLVFDQEHGRQH .841 

(QGRUVHPHQWV±&:
KO8V, KC3FAU, K9BIZ, K6VHF. 600: JAØCIU, JP3NVU, N4CQR. 700:
7KH:3;3URJUDP WA1ZKN. 750: K7LY. 950: W1KE, SM7GXR. 1200: HA9PP. 1400: ://  100 
JR3UIC. 1700: KSØAA. 1800: AG4W. 2650: W3LL. .841  :$9*, 

66% 160 Meters: DF2GH, KB9DAK, N3AIU, SM7GXR (QGRUVHPHQWV±0L[HG

80 Meters: DF2GH, KB9DAK, N3AIU
4225 . . . . . . . . . . . WB9FQS 4227. . . . . . . . . . . . . RØQAF 40 Meters: VA3NQ, W6MEW, DF2GH, KB9DAK
4226 . . . . . . . . . . . SQ5EXM .841 
30 Meters: DF2GH, KC3FAU, N3AIU, K7LY
0L[HG 20 Meters: VA3NQ, KB9DAK, K9BIZ, KB7NG, JP3NVU, K6VHF
17 Meters: N3AIU (QGRUVHPHQWV±66%
3861 . . . . . . . . . . . . . K2ATZ 3864 . . . . . . . . . . . . . K9BIZ 15 Meters: N3AIU, K6VHF
3862 . . . . . . . . . . . . KC3FAU 3865 . . . . . . . . . . . . . N2JNR 10 Meters: N3AIU ://  :$9*, 
3863 . . . . . . . . . . . . W5AFY 6 Meters: JR3UIC, W5AFY, N3AIU, KØDEQ 100 
'LJLWDO Africa: JA7OXR, DF2GH
Asia: VA3NQ, N3AIU, JP3NVU, K7LY, K6VHF, DDØVE, SM7GXR (QGRUVHPHQWV±'LJLWDO
1061 . . . . . . . . . . . W6MEW 1067. . . . . . . . . . . . JP3NVU Europe: WB9FQS, VA3NQ, SQ5EXM, KB9DAK, KC3FAU, K9BIZ,
1062. . . . . . . . . . . . KB9DAK 1068 . . . . . . . . . . . . EA7IDH EA7IDH, DDØVE, RØQAF, SM7GXR :$9*,  :// 
1063 . . . . . . . . . . . . KC3FAU 1069 . . . . . . . . . . . . . K6VHF Oceania: VA3NQ, DF2GH, N3AIU, JP3NVU 100 
1064 . . . . . . . . . . . . N1DCH 1070. . . . . . . . . . . . . NØGFK North America: VA3NQ, W6MEW, KB9DAK, KC3FAU, W5AFY,
1065 . . . . . . . . . . . . . K9BIZ 1071 . . . . . . . . . . . SM7GXR N1DCH, N3AIU, K9BIZ, KB7NG, N2JNR, K6VHF, DDØVE, NØGFK,
1066. . . . . . . . . . . . . KB7NG SM7GXR 7KHEDVLFDZDUGIHHIRUVXEVFULEHUVWR&4 LV)RUQRQ
South America: VA3NQ VXEVFULEHUVLWLV,QRUGHUWRTXDOLI\IRUWKHUHGXFHG
CW: 350: OZ6KS. 600: JF2OHQ. 1000: F5PBL. 1250 N3AIU. 1450: VXEVFULEHUUDWHSOHDVHHQFORVH\RXUODWHVW&4 PDLOLQJ
AG4W. 2250: W3LL. 17M Bar: N3AIU ODEHO ZLWK \RXU DSSOLFDWLRQ (QGRUVHPHQW VWLFNHUV DUH
6M Bar: JR3UIC, N3AIU  HDFK SOXV 6$6( 8SGDWHV QRW LQYROYLQJ WKH LV
SSB: 350: WB9FQS, HB9BOI. 400: MIØGTA. 500: SQ5EXM. 600: VXDQFHRIDVWLFNHUDUHIUHH$OOXSGDWHVDQGFRUUHVSRQ
KB9DAK. 800: KG2U. 900: HB9BOI, N3AIU. 2500: AG4W. Complete rules and application forms may be obtained by sending a GHQFH PXVW LQFOXGH DQ 6$6( 5XOHV DQG DSSOLFDWLRQ
business-size, self-addressed, stamped envelope (foreign stations IRUPV IRU WKH &4 '; $ZDUGV PD\ EH IRXQG RQ WKH
Mixed: 450: KA5WSS. 500: W5UJ. 550: KO8V, KC3FAU. 600: N4CQR. send extra postage for airmail) to "CQ WPX Awards," P.O. Box 355, ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLR FRP! ZHEVLWH RU PD\ EH
700: K4WRX, K9BIZ, WA1ZKN. 750: K6VHF. 800: K1KQC. 850: New Carlisle, OH 45344 USA. Note: WPX will now accept prefix- REWDLQHG E\ VHQGLQJ D EXVLQHVVVL]H VHOIDGGUHVVHG
DF2GH. 900: W6WF. 950: KB9DAK, W1KE. 1050: JA7OXR. 1100: es/calls which have been confirmed by eQSL.cc. and the ARRL VWDPSHG HQYHORSH WR &4 '; $ZDUGV 0DQDJHU .HLWK
HB9BOI. 1200: JAØCIU. 1350: K7LY, DDØVE. 1450: VA3NQ. 1650: Logbook of The World (LoTW). *LOEHUWVRQ .Ø.*  6DQG\ %HDFK /DQH 5RFKHUW
N3AIU. 1700: KSØAA. 2050: K4HB. 3050: AG4W. 3900: W3LL. 6700: 0186$3OHDVHPDNHDOOFKHFNVSD\DEOH
HA5DA. WRWKHDZDUGPDQDJHU
*Please Note: The price of the 160, 30, 17, 12, 6, and Digital bars for
Digital: 400: KB9DAK, W5AFY. 450: W6MEW, DF2GH, N3AIU. 500: the Award of Excellence are $6.50 each.

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

ZLOOEHRQPXOWLSOHEDQGV,PD\DVNIRU )RUQRQ';SHGLWLRQVH[SHQVHVYDU\ 5 Band WAZ
DFDUGWKDWXWLOL]HVDVSHFLILFVL]HGDUHD 0RVWRIWKHROGHUFDOOVRQP\OLVWKDYH
$VRI-XO\
WKDWZLOOKROGWZRODEHOV,SULQW462V EODQNFDUGVDYDLODEOH)RUD';VWDWLRQ VWDWLRQVKDYHDWWDLQHGDWOHDVWWKH=RQHOHYHO
SHUODEHO,DOVRDVNWKDWLIDGRXEOHRU LQDOHVVUDUHORFDWLRQ,PLJKWDVNIRUWKH DQG
VWDWLRQVKDYHDWWDLQHGWKH=RQHOHYHO
WULSOHIROGHG46/LVGHVLJQHGWKDWWKH RZQHUWRFRQWULEXWHWRZDUGVWKHFRVWRI
JURXSDOVRGHVLJQDVLQJOHFDUGWKDWFDQ SULQWLQJWKH46/FDUGV,KDYHVRPHRQH $VRI-XO\
7KHWRSFRQWHQGHUVIRU%DQG:$= =RQHVQHHGHGRQ
EH XVHG IRU ³VHFRQG FDUGV´ IRU WKRVH ZKRKHOSVZLWKP\GHVLJQVDQG,XVH RURWKHULILQGLFDWHG
ZRUNLQJPRUHWKDQZKDWFDQILWRQWKH *RW3ULQWRQOLQHSULQWHUWRSULQWP\FDUGV &+$1*(6VKRZQLQ%2/'

IROGHG FDUG RU IRU EXUHDX UHSOLHV LQ ZZZJRWSULQWFRP! )RU H[DPSOH LW &DOOVLJQ =RQHV =RQHV &DOOVLJQ =RQHV =RQHV
RUGHUWRVDYHRQWKHEXURFDUG¶VZHLJKW FRVWV DURXQG  IRU  IXOOFRORU 1HHGHG 1HHGHG
$.$   :12  
$UUDQJHPHQWV DUH PDGH IRU KDQGOLQJ JORVV\FDUGVXVLQJWKLVPHWKRGZKHUH '0((   :/,  
WKHIXQGV,UHTXLUHWKDWWKH';SHGLWLRQ \RXXSORDG\RXUGHVLJQDQGWKH\SULQW ($50   :80  
($*)   :'1  
VHWXSDVHSDUDWH3D\3DODFFRXQWMXVW WKHP,¶OOJODGO\JXLGH\RXLI\RX¶GOLNHWR +06   :5.&  
IRUWKH2456V\VWHPLISRVVLEOHDQGDQ WU\WKLV\RXUVHOIZLWK\RXURZQGHVLJQ,I +$‘+:   :;<  
+$$*6   :$‘0+-  
DUUDQJHPHQWIRUPHWRDFTXLUHDSSUR \RX GR LW DORQH EH VXUH WR JHW JORVV\ ,5($   :$%&.  
SULDWHSRVWDJHQHHGVDVZHOODVFRYHU FRDWLQJRQWKHIURQWDQGQRFRDWLQJRQ ,.‘;%;
,.$2'


RQ0

:'1
:5.&




LQJDQ\PLVFHOODQHRXVH[SHQVHVVXFK WKH EDFN VR \RX FDQ ZULWH RU UXEEHU ,.%4(   :;<  
DVODEHOVHQYHORSHVHWF:HDOVRSUH VWDPSZLWKOHVVFKDQFHRIVPHDULQJRQ ,==15   :$‘0+-  
-$&0'   :$%&.  
DUUDQJH D RQHWLPH FRQWULEXWLRQ IURP WKHEDFN$OVRXVHWKH[LQFK -$,8   $,  
-$;%*   ($%&;  
WKH';SHGLWLRQWRFRYHUIXWXUHEXUHDX IRUPDW,I,QHHGWRSULQW46/VIRUDUDUHU -+&);   )1%8  
FRVWV )LQDOO\ ZH GHFLGH RQ D FXWRII VWDWLRQ,ZLOOEX\WKH46/VXVLQJP\RZQ -.%60   *.'*  
./,   *.04  
GDWHRQZKLFKZHFORVHDOOILQDQFLDOWLHV 46/PDQDJHUNLWW\LIQHFHVVDU\ .5'   +%)01  RQ 
WRWKH';SHGLWLRQWHDPDQGWDNHRYHUDOO 1H[W OHW¶V WDON DERXW KRZ , FROOHFW .+%   -$'0  
.)89   -$*1  RQ 
46/ PDQDJHU UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV IRU ODWH IXQGV DQG H[SDQG RQ WKDW D ELW $Q\ .75   -$064  RQ 
UHTXHVWV , QHYHU FORVH D ORJ VR WKH 46/PDQDJHULVJRLQJWRILQGZD\VWR .85   -+((%  
..8  RQ .(3  
';SHGLWLRQFDOOPHUJHVLQWRP\QRUPDO FROOHFWIXQGVDQGKRSHIXOO\NHHSWKRVH .%‘(2   .7.  
FOLHQWOLVWDWWKDWSRLQW8VXDOO\ZHFORVH IXQGVVHSDUDWHVRKHFDQNHHSWUDFNRI .=9
181




.-*-
./5




RXW DSSUR[LPDWHO\ RQH \HDU DIWHU WKH KRZ WKLQJV DUH UXQQLQJ , GHSHQG SUL 11;   .3$  
';SHGLWLRQJRHV457 1::   .-/'  
PDULO\RQWKHFRQWULEXWLRQVLQFOXGHGZLWK 1;5   .27  
1$$   .=,  
5$$;  RQ0 147  
58';   1**  
CQ DX Awards Program The WAZ Program 5:‘/7
5;+=


RQ0

175
8$/<


RQ
 RQ
5=(&  RQ0 81-  
1HZ$ZDUG±66% SINGLE BAND WAZ 64   8600  
60%,3   :&:4  
:%7)+ 20 Meter SSB 635%*  RQ0 :28/  
9(7=7   :70'  
650 .............................K3NF 92)%   :51  RQ
1HZ$ZDUG±&: :)-   :&1  
160 Meter :)=   :/(  
:%7)+ :/.   =/$/  

(QGRUVHPHQWV±&: 582...........EA1RT, 30 Zones

7KHIROORZLQJKDYHTXDOLILHGIRUWKHEDVLF%DQG
:%7)+  :$=$ZDUG
ALL BAND WAZ
&DOOVLJQ %:$= 'DWH =RQHV
(QGRUVHPHQWV±66% CW ($(3<   
'.,=   
:%7)+ 0+] 1036.......................DL6ZBN 1038 .......................JJØPJD 63&<<   
1037 ...........................K3NF 1039 .......................JA1BVY ($+58   
($57   
(QGRUVHPHQWV±577< Digital
8SGDWHVWRWKH%:$=OLVWRIVWDWLRQV
:%7)+  91...............................K9RX 96............................JR3UIC
92 ..............................DK8IZ 97.............................OZ1RE &DOOVLJQ %:$= 'DWH =RQHV
93 ...........................KF3FRK 98 .........................PY2MSR ')*+   
7KHEDVLFDZDUGIHHIRUVXEVFULEHUVWR&4 LV)RUQRQ -58,&   
VXEVFULEHUVLWLV,QRUGHUWRTXDOLI\IRUWKHUHGXFHG 94 ..............................JA7ZF 99 ............................OD5YA
81-   
VXEVFULEHU UDWH SOHDVH HQFORVH \RXU ODWHVW &4 PDLOLQJ 95 .........................UR5NMZ 100 .........................JA1VSL ($57   
ODEHO ZLWK \RXU DSSOLFDWLRQ (QGRUVHPHQW VWLFNHUV DUH
HDFKSOXV6$6(8SGDWHVQRWLQYROYLQJWKHLVVXDQFH Mixed 1HZUHFLSLHQWVRI%DQG:$=ZLWKDOO=RQHV
RIDVWLFNHUDUHIUHH$OOXSGDWHVDQGFRUUHVSRQGHQFHPXVW FRQILUPHG
LQFOXGHDQ6$6(5XOHVDQGDSSOLFDWLRQIRUPVIRUWKH&4 9730.......................DL6ZBN 9738 ............................K2FJ
'; $ZDUGV PD\ EH IRXQG RQ WKH ZZZFTDPDWHXU 9731 ...........................K3NF 9739.......................SV1EDY %:$= &DOOVLJQ 'DWH $OO
UDGLRFRP! ZHEVLWH RU PD\ EH REWDLQHG E\ VHQGLQJ D 9732 .......................W8NOR 9740 .......................KF3FRK  81-  
EXVLQHVVVL]HVHOIDGGUHVVHGVWDPSHGHQYHORSHWR&4 9733...........................K8CR 9741 .....................UR5NMZ
';$ZDUGV0DQDJHU3OHDVHPDNHFKHFNVSD\DEOHWRWKH 9734 .....................VK3OHM 9742 ........................IKØZIO 5XOHVDQGDSSOLFDWLRQVIRUWKH:$=SURJUDPPD\EHREWDLQHG
$ZDUG0DQDJHU.HLWK*LOEHUWVRQ0DLODOOXSGDWHVWR.HLWK 9735.......................JA3AOP 9743 ........................OD5YA E\VHQGLQJDODUJH6$(ZLWKWZRXQLWVRISRVWDJHRUDQDGGUHVV
*LOEHUWVRQ .Ø.*  6DQG\ %HDFK /DQH 5RFKHUW 9736.......................SP3CYY 9744 .......................JA6BCV ODEHO DQG  WR :$= $ZDUG 0DQDJHU -RKQ %HUJPDQ
0186$:HUHFRJQL]HDFWLYHFRXQWULHV 9737...........................N4CO 9745.........................VE3QN .&/.'HHU7UDLO%UDQGRQ067KHSUR
3OHDVHPDNHDOOFKHFNVSD\DEOHWRWKHDZDUGPDQDJHU FHVVLQJIHHIRUWKH%:$=DZDUGLVIRUVXEVFULEHUV
3KRWRFRSLHV RI GRFXPHQWDWLRQ LVVXHG E\ UHFRJQL]HG 5XOHVDQGDSSOLFDWLRQVIRUWKH:$=SURJUDPPD\EHRE SOHDVHLQFOXGH\RXUPRVWUHFHQW&4 PDLOLQJODEHORUDFRS\
QDWLRQDO$PDWHXU5DGLRDVVRFLDWLRQVWKDWVSRQVRULQWHU WDLQHGE\VHQGLQJDODUJH6$(ZLWKWZRXQLWVRISRVWDJHRU DQGIRUQRQVXEVFULEHUV$QHQGRUVHPHQWIHHRI
QDWLRQDODZDUGVPD\EHDFFHSWDEOHIRU&4';DZDUGFUHG DQDGGUHVVODEHODQGWR:$=$ZDUG0DQDJHU-RKQ IRUVXEVFULEHUVDQGIRUQRQVXEVFULEHUVLVFKDUJHGIRU
LW LQ OLHX RI KDYLQJ 46/ FDUGV FKHFNHG 'RFXPHQWDWLRQ %HUJPDQ .&/.  'HHU 7UDLO %UDQGRQ 06  HDFKDGGLWLRQDO]RQHVFRQILUPHG3OHDVHPDNHDOOFKHFNV
PXVWOLVWLWHPL]HFRXQWULHVWKDWKDYHEHHQFUHGLWHGWRDQ 7KHSURFHVVLQJIHHIRUDOO&4 DZDUGVLVIRU SD\DEOHWR-RKQ%HUJPDQ$SSOLFDQWVVHQGLQJ46/FDUGVWR
DSSOLFDQW6FUHHQSULQWRXWVIURPH46/FFWKDWOLVWFRXQ VXEVFULEHUVSOHDVHLQFOXGH\RXUPRVWUHFHQW&4 PDLOLQJ D&4 FKHFNSRLQWRUWKH$ZDUG0DQDJHUPXVWLQFOXGHUHWXUQ
WULHVFRQILUPHGWKURXJKWKHLUV\VWHPDUHDOVRDFFHSWDEOH
6FUHHQSULQWRXWVOLVWLQJFRXQWULHVFUHGLWHGWRDQDSSOLFDQW
WKURXJKDQHOHFWURQLFORJJLQJV\VWHPRIIHUHGE\DQDWLRQ
DO$PDWHXU5DGLRRUJDQL]DWLRQDOVRPD\EHDFFHSWDEOH
3OHDVHQRWH&RVWRIWKH%DQG:$=3ODTXHLV
ODEHO RU D FRS\ DQG  IRU QRQVXEVFULEHUV 3OHDVH SRVWDJH.&/.PD\DOVREHUHDFKHGYLDHPDLONFON#FT
PDNH DOO FKHFNV SD\DEOH WR -RKQ %HUJPDQ $SSOLFDQWV DPDWHXUUDGLRFRP!
VHQGLQJ46/FDUGVWRD&4 FKHFNSRLQWRUWKH$ZDUG0DQ
DJHU PXVW LQFOXGH UHWXUQ SRVWDJH .&/. PD\ DOVR EH
&RQWDFWWKH&4';$ZDUG0DQDJHUIRUVSHFLILFGHWDLOV UHDFKHGYLDHPDLONFON#FTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP! VKLSSHGZLWKLQWKH86DOOIRUHLJQVHQWDLUPDLO

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 The WPX Honor Roll
7KH:3;+RQRU5ROOLVEDVHGRQWKHFXUUHQWFRQILUPHGSUHIL[HVZKLFKDUHVXEPLWWHGE\VHSDUDWHDSSOLFDWLRQLQVWULFWFRQIRUPDQFHZLWKWKH
&40DVWHU3UHIL[OLVW6FRUHVDUHEDVHGRQWKHFXUUHQWSUHIL[WRWDOUHJDUGOHVVRIDQRSHUDWRU¶VDOOWLPHFRXQW+RQRU5ROOPXVWEHXSGDWHG
DQQXDOO\E\DGGLWLRQWRRUFRQILUPDWLRQRISUHVHQWWRWDO,IQRXSGDWHILOHVZLOOEHPDGHLQDFWLYH

MIXED
8879 ........9A2AA 4814 .....WA5VGI 3539 ..........AB1J 2368.........HK3W 1821 ........PY5FB 1462.......DL4CW 1219........K6HRT 1016.........W9QL 687............R1AV
7882 ..........K2VV 4757........I2MQP 3538 .........9A4W 2340 ...........NE6I 1813......IZØFUW 1460.........N6PM 1217........AB1QB 1012 .......NØVVV 682 .............AI8P
7403........9A2NA 4681......JH8BOE 3459 ..........W9IL 2293 ....WA6KHK 1784.......JR3UIC 1447 ..........K3XA 1167......WA9PIE 1010 ........VE3RZ 680........JA6JYM
7271.........W1CU 4583 ........W9OO 3099 ..........N6FX 2203...........KI1U 1718........N5KAE 1422........I2VGW 1153........N3CAL 1007........AA4QE 661 ............AL4Y
6583 .........EA2IA 4574......JN3SAC 3073 ......IK2DZN 2200..........N7ZO 1711 ..........NS3L 1408..........NH6T 1148......SP8HKT 1006 ......NØRQV 633.........TI5LUA
6251 ..........KF2O 4561 .........NN1N 2968........AB1OC 2176 ........V51YJ 1667..........AD3Y 1398......ES4RLH 1137 .....YO5BRZ 919 .......ON7MIC 621 ........K4HDW
5582 .........N4NO 4521........IK2ILH 2866.........AG4W 2133 .........KØKG 1652........N6PEQ 1361 ........VA3VF 1136..........KO9V 913............K9BO 616.........AC6BW
5575 .....ON4CAS 4462 ..........K1BV 2834..........N3RC 2109........W2FKF 1647........9A2GA 1341.......W1FNB 1116.......YU7FW 889 ..........WU1U 605 ........IW2FLB
5478 ........S53EO 4306 ....WB2YQH 2757 ..........NXØI 2040..........K4HB 1643 ......SV1DPI 1322 ........AA4FU 1107.......PY2MC 835 .........K6RAH 600 .....WA3QWA
5422.........W9OP 4298........VE3XN 2697..........AK7O 2016.........N2WK 1616 ..........TA1L 1301......JF1LMB 1100 ....WA3GOS 758 ..........N4JJS
5356 .......KØDEQ 4201 .......YO9HP 2678......SV1EDY 2013......JH1APK 1570........PY5VC 1301 ....KB9OWD 1074 ........WU9D 757........JP1KHY
5286........YU1AB 3880 .........W3LL 2589.......DG7RO 1934 .........NKØS 1568 ........N3AIU 1301..........K1DX 1071........KC1UX 757...........WB3D
5261 ........VE1YX 3821 .........N6QQ 2550..........K6ND 1930 .......K3CWF 1524 ...NH6T/W4 1301 ........KM5VI 1069 ......IZ4MJP 736 .......JA3MAT
5253.........I5RFD 3764 .......K9UQN 2528.........W6XK 1888......VA7CRZ 1484........FG4NO 1295 ..........NIØC 1032 .....DG5LAC 718 ........KE4PLT
5204 ..........N6JV 3739 ....WD9DZV 2508.....PA2TMS 1828 ..........K7LV 1480 ........K4JKB 1280 .........WF1H 1023 ......N4WQH 711 ............AG1T
5083........N8BJQ 3611 ........W2OO 2394 ..........AE5B 1824..........WF7T 1462 .......AC7JM 1260......UR6LEY 1019 ........N6MM 710 ............N3DF

SSB
6668 ........OZ5EV 3172 .......YO9HP 2532 ..........W9IL 2093........W2WC 1611 ........W2ME 1183...........KI1U 1004 ......WA5UA 801 ............K3XA 655 ..........VA3VF
5948........9A2NA 3108.........I4CSP 2508.....PA2TMS 2088..........N3RC 1587..........N3XX 1150.....VE6BMX 1000 ........N6MM 766..........I2VGW 647..........YB8NT
5983 ..........K2VV 3090 .....WA5VGI 2451......EA3GHZ 2076 ..........K2XF 1550.......IK2RPE 1146..........SQ7B 978..........EA7HY 763 ..........K4JKB 644........JH1APK
5148 ........VE1YX 3073 .........I3ZSX 2443......JN3SAC 2013 ..........NXØI 1442.......DG7RO 1124 .......K3CWF 957...........W9QL 758 .......IV3GOW 640 ..........UA9YF
4981 ..........KF2O 3062......DL8AAV 2362.........AG4W 1988 .....W4QNW 1386 ......IK4HPU 1112..........NH6T 947...........W6XK 724 ...........WF1H 637 .........K5WAF
4795 .........EA2IA 3056........N8BJQ 2335 ..........KG1E 1955........EA3NP 1383 .........NKØS 1098..........K4CN 934..........PY5VC 724 ...........W3TZ 630...........W6US
4404........I2MQP 2990........KF7RU 2326 ........CX6BZ 1935......SV1EOS 1371 ........VE6BF 1096......JA7HYS 931..........YB1AR 717.........KØDAN 624 .........K6KZM
3924 .......KØDEQ 2984.........KI7AO 2209 ......IK2QPR 1879.........K3IXD 1357.........HK3W 1089........IZ8FFA 929 ............NS3L 717..........N3JON 606 .........KJ4BIX
3679 .........N4NO 2936 .........N6QQ 2201..........NQ3A 1874 ....WD9DZV 1338 ...........NE6I 1089.......IT9ABN 919........KA5EYH 714 ........YB2TJV 604 .........GØBPK
3612 .....SV3AQR 2903 .......IN3QCI 2200 ..........N6FX 1848 ..........AB5C 1334 ......EA3EQT 1042 ......IZØBNR 893........W9RPM 710........WA9PIE 600 ..........WU1U
3433 .........NN1N 2658 ........PT7ZT 2198........AB1OC 1825..........KQ8D 1312........N5KAE 1032 .....DG5LAC 889 ..........N3AIU 700..........N4FNB 600 ......WA3PZO
3403 ..........I8KCI 2857........4X6DK 2122 ..........AE5B 1812..........K6ND 1262 ..........K7LV 1031..........K4CN 875.........K7SAM 700 ........JA1PLL
3383 ........W9OO 2650 ......IK2DZN 2109........W2FKF 1789 ....WA6KHK 1258..........N1KC 1031.......IK8OZP 854..........K6HRT 694 .......KG4HUF
3344 .........W3LL 2623 ........W2OO 2105 .......K9UQN 1646.....VE7SMP 1222 ........YF1AR 1022 ........NW3H 833.......DK8MCT 690...........W6PN
3333 .....CT1AHU 2595 ........EA1JG 2098..........K5UR 1641........AE9DX 1209........N6PEQ 1012........KU4BP 808........UR6LEY 684............KO9V
3274 .....YU7BCD 2568 ....SM6DHU 2094..........I8LEL 1622 ..........K5CX 1187 .......IZ1JLG 1004..........K4HB 802 ...........N6OU 675..........F1MQJ

CW
7118 ....WA2HZR 4093 .....WA5VGI 2915 ..........KA7T 2295.....EA7AAW 1744 ...........NE6I 1342.....VE6BMX 992 ..........F5PBL 842...........HK3W 652 ........IK2DZN
6943 ..........K2VV 4046.........I7PXV 2811 .......OZ5UR 2291..........N3XX 1727 .......K6UXO 1295 ..........NIØC 962 ............K7LV 821 .......HB9DAX 629 .......IV3GOW
5628........9A2NA 3974......JN3SAC 2806 ....WD9DZV 2278 .........W3LL 1691...........KI1U 1295.........AG4W 944..........AB1OC 783..........YB1AR 620 .........AF5DM
5153 .........N4NO 3584 .........NN1N 2685 ........W2OO 2212 ..........AC5K 1620.......DG7RO 1220 ........AA4FU 935 .........K3CWF 752..........K6HRT 615 ......JH6JMM
5096 .........EA2IA 3523 ........W9OO 2667 ..........W9IL 2022 ........AF5CC 1595 ........PY5FB 1210.......DL4CW 908............NH6T 743........JA5NSR 608........W9RPM
5085 ..........N6JV 3504 .....YU7BCD 2615 .........N6QQ 2010..........K5UR 1505...........R3IS 1200 .....KN1CBR 903..........N6PEQ 738 .....NH6T/W4 605 ...........NKØS
4995 ..........KF2O 3318 .......K9UQN 2531........I2MQP 1969 ..........NXØI 1480.........WO3Z 1197......JH1APK 891.......DK8MCT 732............SQ7B 600............NY4G
4690..........W8IQ 3279 ........IØNNY 2490 ..........N6FX 1880..........N3RC 1443 ....WA2VQV 1196 ........N3AIU 890 ............NS3L 722........WA9PIE 600 ........IK2SGV
4429 .......KØDEQ 3214 ....SM6DHU 2477 ........VE6BF 1832..........N4YB 1389 .......IT9ELD 1098.......LU5OM 889 ..........N3AIU 720............K4CN
4403........N8BJQ 3041 .......YO9HP 2424........W2WC 1772 ....WA6KHK 1357.........W6XK 1062 ..........K3XA 864 .......YO5BRZ 711........JF1LMB
4175 .......IZ3ETU 2948 ......IK3GER 2357 ........W9HR 1762..........K6ND 1348 ........VE1YX 1027 ..........AE5B 848..........PY5VC 692..........N5KAE

DIGITAL
2647........N8BJQ 1889.........HK3W 1426........AB1OC 1200........K2YYY 1047......RW4WZ 922 ...........EA2IA 811 ...........WF1H 687............R1AV 636........W9RPM
2636 .........W3LL 1790......JN3SAC 1335 .......K3CWF 1149 ..........W9IL 1021 .........NN1N 917 ............K7LV 810..........N3CAL 681..........PY5VC 611............KO9V
2558 ..........NT2A 1756 .......KØDEQ 1325 ........W2OO 1129 .........NKØS 1009 ....GUØSUP 901.........W1FNB 800 ......WA3GOS 672..........K9AAN 600 ...........N1RR
2360 ..........KF2O 1734.........AG4W 1259.........N6PM 1112........AB1QB 1002.......NØRQV 898 .........K9UQN 783..........YB1AR 670 .......IV3GOW 600..........ADØFL
2345 .........N6QQ 1704 ......IK2DZN 1254......JH1APK 1093...........KI1U 971........JF1LMB 866............SQ7B 758 ..........N4JJS 668........KA5EYH
2217 .......YO9HP 1600 .....WA5VGI 1250W2/JR1AQN 1091 ........VA3VF 966 ............NS3L 858 ..........WU9D 750 .......ON7MIC 655........JP1KHY
2140 ....WD9DZV 1565..........N7ZO 1227......ES4RLH 1089 .......AC7JM 960..........KC1UX 830 .............NE6I 750 .....NH6T/W4 654 .......JA3MAT
1901.........W6XK 1456..........N3RC 1206 ..........NXØI 1051......KH6SAT 947..........I2VGW 812........UR6LEY 701 ............N3DF 640 ......WA9ONY

REMOTE OPERATION
CW MIXED SSB DIGITAL
7277........K9QVB 4026 .........N1RR 2953 .........N1RR 671 ...........N1RR
3292 .........N1RR

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

GLUHFWPDLOHG46/FDUGV,DOVRXVHWKH&OXE/RJ2456GLUHFW
VHUYLFHWRVROLFLWVRPHVPDOOKHGJHRQFRVWV)RUQHDUO\DOO
FDOOVWKDW,KDQGOHRQ&OXE/RJ,DVNIRUPLQLPXP7KLV
JLYHVPHDVPDOOEXIIHUWRDGGWRP\NLWW\IRUDOORIP\RWKHU
46/PDQDJHUH[SHQVHV7KHVHDUHSULPDULO\WKHRQO\ZD\V
SOH,IRXQG8636)RUHYHUVWDPSVRQH%D\UROOVRI
HDFKVHOOLQJIRUZLWKIUHHVKLSSLQJ'RWKHPDWKDQG
WKDWFRPHVLQDWFHQWVHDFKIRUVWDPSVWKDWFRVW\RX
FHQWVDWWKHSRVWRIILFH3XWWZRRQ\RXUHQYHORSHJRLQJRYHU
VHDVDQGDGGRQHFHQWVWDPSDYDLODEOHDW8636&20RU
WKDW,FDQFROOHFWH[WUDIXQGV:KDWGR,QHHGIXQGVIRU"7KHUH
LV SRVWDJH ODEHOV SULQWHU LQN 46/ SULQWLQJ HQYHORSHV
LQFRPLQJEXUHDXFKDUJHVDQGRXWJRLQJEXUHDXFRVWVMXVWWR
QDPHWKHRQJRLQJDQGPRUHFRVWO\H[SHQVHV7KHQWKHOHVV
IUHTXHQWEXWUHFXUULQJH[SHQVHVVXFKDVUHSODFLQJZRUQRXW
UXEEHUVWDPSVFDUGILOHVIRUEODQN46/VRWKHUVWRUDJHLWHPV
6FRWFKŠ WDSHUXEEHUEDQGVPHPRU\VWLFNVFORXGDFFRXQW
VHUYLFHVHWF,¶PVXUHWKDW,DPPLVVLQJDIHZWKLQJV%XW\RX
JHWWKHLGHD
,DPFKHDS6R,DPDOZD\VORRNLQJIRUZD\VWRVDYH+HUH
\RXUORFDOSRVWRIILFHDQG\RXKDYH\RXULQWHUQDWLRQDOHQYH
ORSHVHWWRPDLOIRUFHQWVLQVWHDGRI$OVR,KDYH
IRXQGGHFHQWTXDOLW\HQYHORSHVDWVRPH³GROODUVWRUHV´)RU
PDLOLQJRYHUVHDV\RXFDQXVHUHJXODUSODLQZKLWHHQYHORSHV
1RKXJHQHHGWREX\WKRVHIDQF\DLUPDLOHQYHORSHVDQ\PRUH
%XW,GRDOZD\VNHHSVRPHRQKDQGWRXVHIRUDQ\GHVWLQD
WLRQZKHUH,KDYHDIHHOLQJWKDWLWZLOOJLYHWKHPDEHWWHUFKDQFH
RIJHWWLQJWKHUH
+RZWRFDUHDQGIHHG\RXU46/PDQDJHU",MXVWZDQWHGWR
OHW\RXNQRZWKDWPRVW46/PDQDJHUVWKHEHWWHURQHVRXW
DUHVRPHWLSVWKDW\RXFDQDOVRXVHWRKHOSVDYHDIHZEXFNV WKHUHZLOOGRHYHU\WKLQJWKH\FDQWRJHW\RXU46/FDUGWR
RQ\RXU46/LQJ)RUH[DPSOH,RIWHQXVH³VXUSOXVSRVWDJH´ \RX2EYLRXVO\WKH\VKRXOGKDYHUHDVRQDEOHSROLFLHVVHWIRU
RQP\RXWJRLQJPDLO7KHUHDUHZD\VWREX\PLQWVWDPSVRXW UHTXHVWLQJ\RXU46/V4XDOLW\46/PDQDJHUVZLOOJRRXWRI
WKHUHIRUDURXQGRIIDFHYDOXHGHSHQGLQJRQPDQ\ WKHLUZD\WRDVVLVW\RXZLWKLQWKHUXOHV7KH46/0DQDJHUV
IDFWRUV2QHSODFHWKDW,KDYHXVHGLQWKHSDVWLV+HQU\*LWQHU 6RFLHW\KDVD³&5(('´WKDW46/PDQDJHUPHPEHUVPXVW
3KLODWHOLVWVDWZZZKJLWQHUFRP!%XWPRUHUHFHQWO\,KDYH SOHGJHWRDELGHE\LQRUGHUWREHDQGUHPDLQDPHPEHU,
DOVRIRXQGORWVRIGLVFRXQWSRVWDJHDYDLODEOHRQH%D\DQG WKLQNWKDWWKLVLVDJRRGJXLGHOLQHIRUDQ\TXDOLW\46/0DQDJHU
RWKHURQOLQHUHVRXUFHV%X\HUDOZD\VEHZDUH-XVWDQH[DP WRIROORZ6HHKWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\NKX!$OWKRXJKDOORI
WKHSRLQWVLQWKLVFUHHGDUHYDOXDEOHWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQWRQHV
PLJKWEH
&4';)LHOG$ZDUG+RQRU5ROO
7KH&4';)LHOG$ZDUG+RQRU5ROOUHFRJQL]HVWKRVH';HUVZKRKDYHVXEPLWWHGSURRIRIFRQ
ILUPDWLRQZLWKRUPRUHJULGILHOGV+RQRU5ROOOLVLWLQJLVDXWRPDWLFXSRQDSSURYDORIDQDSSOL
‡,VKDOODQVZHU$//GLUHFW46/UHTXHVWVDVORQJDVVXIIL
FDWLRQIRURUPRUHJULGILHOGV7RUHPDLQRQWKH&4';)LHOG$ZDUG+RQRU5ROODQQXDO FLHQWIXQGVIRUUHWXUQSRVWDJHDUHSURYLGHG$Q\46/VVHQW
XSGDWHVDUHUHTXLUHG8SGDWHVPXVWEHDFFRPSDQLHGE\DQ6$6(LIFRQILUPDWLRQLVGHVLUHG ZLWKRXWDGHTXDWHIXQGVIRUUHWXUQSRVWDJHVKDOOEHDQVZHUHG
7KHIHHIRUHQGRUVHPHQWVWLFNHUVLVHDFKSOXV6$6(3OHDVHPDNHDOOFKHFNVSD\DEOH
WRWKH$ZDUG0DQDJHU.HLWK*LOEHUWVRQ0DLODOOXSGDWHVWR.HLWK*LOEHUWVRQ.Ø.* YLDWKHEXUHDX
6DQG\%HDFK/DQH5RFKHUW01
‡,VKDOODFFHSWDQGDQVZHU$//EXUHDX46/UHTXHVWVVHQW
0L[HG YLD WKH EXUHDX RU VHQW YLD DQ 2456 EXUHDX VHUYLFH E\
DQVZHULQJWKHPYLDWKHEXUHDX,ID46/KDVDOUHDG\EHHQ
.74& .22.  1,‘&
SURFHVVHGLWLVRSWLRQDOWRVHQGDVHFRQGYLDWKHEXUHDX
:&8  .‘'(4 11;  ‡,ZLOODQVZHU6:/FDUGV
9(,*  +$$* .18 
+$‘'8 -16$&  +$=+ 
‡,DJUHHWR21/<SURYLGH46/FDUGVIRU462VWKDWDUH³LQ
20-: +$33  %$':  WKHORJ´,ZLOOUHTXLUHUHDVRQDEOHPDWFKLQJORJGDWD
:2$7  :$9*, +%''= 
,.*3*  :80 .$8  ‡,DJUHHWR$/:$<6SURYLGHD³SK\VLFDO´46/FDUGLIRQH
2.$'0 100  .<72  LVUHTXHVWHG
+$:$  2.$29  :25 
.6,; )+0-  15&  ‡,DJUHHWREHIDLUDWDOOWLPHV
+$5: .)81  .6+=  ‡,I,DPDVNHGWRKDQGOH46/LQJIRUD';SHGLWLRQ,DJUHH
9(;1  209/ .-3 
,7 9(603  :2''  WRDGYLVHWKH';SHGLWLRQWKDW,ZLOOQHYHUGLYHUWIURPWKLVFUHHG
135  5:1+ 1‘):
+$$*6  ,9*2:  :$3,( 
$&<  +%$$$ +%%26  :KDWFDQ\RXGRWRVXSSRUW46/PDQDJHUV":HOOVWDUW
.<&  1.( 
:,$  :// 
E\DOZD\VLQFOXGLQJDWOHDVWWKHPLQLPXPUHTXLUHGVRWKDW
9(== 21&$6  WKH 46/ PDQDJHU FDQ DQVZHU \RXU 46/ UHTXHVW ZLWKRXW
SHUVRQDOH[SHQVH,I\RXKDYHWKHDELOLW\WRDGGDOLWWOHH[WUD
66% ZLWK\RXUUHTXHVWWKHQGRLW,WZLOODOZD\VEHDSSUHFLDWHG
7KLQNDOLWWOHELWEHIRUHUHTXHVWLQJDFDUGYLDWKHEXUHDXIURP
:&8 :80  ://  D46/PDQDJHU,QWKH&OXE/RJ2456V\VWHP\RXKDYH
:$%: -16$&  1‘): 
9(603 :$9*,  '/';;  WKH RSWLRQ WR SURYLGH D FRQWULEXWLRQ ZLWK \RXU EXUHDX
.‘'(4  100 UHTXHVW'RLQJLWWKLVZD\SURYLGHVDOLWWOHKHOSWRWKH46/
PDQDJHUZKHQ\RXUHTXHVWDEXUHDXFDUGDQGLWLVVWLOOPXFK
&: OHVV H[SHQVH WKDQ UHTXHVWLQJ D GLUHFWPDLOHG FDUG 2I
FRXUVHEXUHDXFDUGVWDNHWLPH
:&8  '/';; 100  ,KRSHWKLVJLYHV\RXDOLWWOHLQVLJKWLQWRWKHEDFNJURXQG
+$:$  :80 2.32  RSHUDWLRQRI46/PDQDJHUV0RVW46/PDQDJHUVVLPSO\
'/.9$  2.$29  11; 
.‘'(4 :$9*, 1:2  RSHUDWH LQ WKH EDFNJURXQG ZLWK WKHLU IRFXV MXVW RQ SUR
-16$&  1,‘&
'/';$ +%'==
FHVVLQJWKHFDUGV7KHLUMRELVQRUPDOO\YROXQWDU\DQGJRRG
RQHVGRLWDVDVHUYLFHQRWDVDIRUSURILWEXVLQHVV,NQRZ
WKDW WKHUH DUH D IHZ 46/ PDQDJHUV RXW WKHUH ZKR KDYH
'LJLWDO
EHHQDOLWWOHXQVFUXSXORXV7KDWKDSSHQVLQDOODVSHFWVRI
:&8  OLIH<RX¶OONQRZWKHJRRGRQHV%HJRRGWRWKHJRRGRQHV
± 1RZEDFNWRWKHSLOHXSV'H122

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 CONTESTING
BY DAVID SIDDALL,* K3ZJ

All Asia Phone (AA) and Worked All Europe DX Phone (WAEDC)
Contests Lead off the Fall Contest Season
Plus: ARRL September VHF Contest; Scandinavian Activity Contest;
CQWW RTTY DX Contest; Contest Tips on the WSJT-X Digital Modes

7
KHIDOOFRQWHVWVHDVRQRSHQVZLWKDEDQJLQ6HSWHPEHU
ZLWKVRPHWKLQJIRUHYHU\RQH5HJLRQDOFRQWHVWVKHDG
OLQHWKHHDUO\ZHHNHQGVZLWKSKRQHIROORZHGE\&:
HYHQWV7KHQWKH&4:RUOG:LGH577<';FRQWHVWFORVHV
RXW WKH PRQWK ZLWK WKH SRSXODU ³HYHU\RQHZRUNHYHU\RQH´
IRUPDWRQWKHODVWZHHNHQGRI6HSWHPEHU
(DFK PRGH LV IHDWXUHG RQ D GLIIHUHQW ZHHNHQG LQ
6HSWHPEHU7KHQHZ:RUOG:LGH'LJL';&RQWHVWRQ$XJXVW
 WKURXJK 6HSWHPEHU  IRFXVHG RQ :6-7; PRGHV )7
DQG)7:LWKPRUHH[SHULHQFHSDUWLFLSDQWVLQWKH'LJLFRQ
WHVWZHUHH[SHFWHGWRH[SHULHQFHOHVVFRQIXVLRQWKDQGXULQJ
WKH&4::9+)FRQWHVWZKLFKWRRNSODFHMXVWILYHGD\VDIWHU
JHQHUDOUHOHDVHRI)77KHUHZHUHWHVWYHUVLRQVHDUOLHUIRU
DO&:6FDQGLQDYLDQ$FWLYLW\&RQWHVW6$&ZKLFKUXQVIRU
KRXUVRQ6HSWHPEHU7KHVLJQDOVDOZD\VVHHPWR
ILQGDZD\WKURXJKWKHSRODUUHJLRQV
6HSWHPEHUZUDSVXSZLWKWKHDQQXDO&4:RUOG:LGH577<
';FRQWHVW7KLVFRQWHVWUXQVWKHIXOOKRXUVRQ6HSWHPEHU
 DQG DOZD\V DWWUDFWV D JRRG FURZG ZLWK ORWV RI ERWK
VWDWHVLGHDQG';VWDWLRQVWRZRUN
,IWKH&4:RUOG:LGH3KRQHDQG&:FRQWHVWVDUH\RXU
³ELJRQHV´6HSWHPEHULVDEXV\FRQWHVWPRQWKDQGDJUHDW
WLPHWRVKDUSHQ\RXURSHUDWLQJVNLOOVDQGJHWDOORI\RXUDQWHQ
QDVDQGHTXLSPHQWZRUNLQJSURSHUO\
%HORZZHWDNHDEULHIORRNDWHDFKRIWKHVH6HSWHPEHUFRQ
WHVWV:HWKHQFRQVLGHUZKDWRSHUDWRUVDUHVD\LQJDERXWWKH
SUDFWLFH :6-7;PRGHVDIWHU-XO\¶V&4:RUOG:LGH9+)FRQWHVWLQ
7KHWK -$5/$OO$VLD$$SKRQHFRQWHVWLVRQWKHEDQGV SUHSDUDWLRQIRUWKH6HSWHPEHU$55/9+)
GXULQJWKHILUVWIXOOZHHNHQGRIWKHPRQWK6HSWHPEHU
7KH WK DQQXDO '$5& :RUNHG $OO (XURSH '; :$('& JARL All Asia (AA) Phone
SKRQHFRQWHVWIROORZVRQWKHQH[WZHHNHQG6HSWHPEHU $VQRWHGDERYHDQGODVWPRQWKWKHWK $OO$VLD';3KRQH
IRUDIXOOKRXUV:KLOHWKH$$FRQWHVWIDYRUV86VWD
WLRQVORFDWHGRQWKHZHVWFRDVWWKH:$('&IDYRUVWKRVHRQ
WKHHDVWFRDVWVRWKHUHH[LVWVDVRUWRISDULW\%RWKWKH$$
DQG:$('&DUH:57&TXDOLI\LQJHYHQWVVRH[SHFWD
EXPSLQDFWLYLW\
2YHUODSSLQJWKH$$3KRQHFRPSHWLWLRQLVWKH,$585HJLRQ
3KRQH)LHOG'D\WKDWZDVGLVFXVVHGLQWKH0D\FROXPQ
DWSDJHV7KLVPD\EHRISDUWLFXODULQWHUHVWWRRSHUD
WRUV LQ WKH HDVWHUQ 86 6LPLODUO\ WKH :$('& JRHV XS
DJDLQVWWKH$55/6HSWHPEHU9+)FRQWHVWRQWKHIROORZLQJ
ZHHNHQG
&RQWHVW $$ VSRQVRUHG E\ WKH -DSDQ $PDWHXU 5DGLR
/HDJXHWDNHVSODFHRQWKHZHHNHQGRI6HSWHPEHU2Q
SKRQH WKH EDQGV XVHG DUH  PHWHUV 
PHWHUVLVUHVWULFWHGLQ-DSDQDQGLVQRWXVHGLQWKHSKRQH
FRQWHVW
$OORIWKHFRPPRQPHDQVRIVSRWWLQJDVVLVWDQFHDUHSHU
PLWWHGIRUDOOVLQJOHRSHUDWRUVVXFKDVWKH3DFNHW&OXVWHU
7KHUHLVQRVHSDUDWH³DVVLVWHG´RU³XQOLPLWHG´FDWHJRU\7KHUH
DUH VLQJOHEDQG FDWHJRULHV VHSDUDWHG E\ KLJKDQGORZ
SRZHUDVZHOODVPXOWLVLQJOHDQGPXOWLPXOWL
7KHH[FKDQJHLVVLJQDOUHSRUWSOXVRQH¶VDJHLQVWHDGRI
&RPSHWLWRUVLQWKH86VKRXOGQRWHWKDWLVDUDUH\HDU
ZKHQWKH$$FRQWHVWLV127RYHU/DERU'D\:HHNHQGDQG
WKH :$('& DQG $55/ 9+) DUH 127 WKH ZHHNHQG DIWHU
/DERU'D\,I\RXXVHKROLGD\VDV\RXUJXLGHSRVWVWRFRQWHVW
ZHHNHQGVMXVWEHDZDUHWKDWWKLV\HDULVGLIIHUHQWDQGWKHUH
LVQRZRUNKROLGD\DIWHUWKH$$FRQWHVW
,IWKH9+)8+)EDQGVDQGWKH$55/9+)FRQWHVWDUHRI
LQWHUHVW DQG \RX SODQ RQ XVLQJ GLJLWDO PRGHV ZH LQFOXGH
EHORZDEULHIGLVFXVVLRQDERXWH[SHULHQFHZLWKWKH:6-7
;PRGHVGXULQJ-XO\¶V&4:RUOG:LGH9+)FRQWHVW)7
)7DQG06.DOOZLOOEHLQXVHLQDGGLWLRQWRWUDGLWLRQ
]RQHRUVHULDOQXPEHU</VDQG;</VPD\VHQG³´DVWKHLU
DJH0XOWLSOLHUVDUHSUHIL[HVZRUNHG)RUDZDUGSXUSRVHV
&4]RQHVDUHOLVWHGVHSDUDWHO\VRVWDWLRQVLQWKHHDVWHUQ
86GRQRWFRPSHWHZLWKWKRVHLQWKHZHVWHUQ86
0RUHRQWKLVFRQWHVWLQFOXGLQJDFRPSOHWHOLVWRI$VLDQHQWL
WLHVLVLQWKLVFROXPQIRU0D\SXEOLVKHGLQFRQMXQFWLRQVZLWK
WKH$$&:ZHHNHQG6HH0D\¶V&4 DWSDJH)RU
FRPSOHWH UXOHV DQG UHODWHG LQIRUPDWLRQ YLVLW KWWSV
WLQ\XUOFRP\QUQ\U!
Worked All Europe DX Contest (WAEDC) Phone
DO66%&:DQG)00D[LPL]LQJRQH¶VVFRUHZLWKVRPDQ\
SRVVLEOH PRGHV RQ HDFK EDQG UHTXLUHV QHZ VNLOOV DQG
H[WHQGLQJWKHUDQJHRIRSHUDWRUV¶FRQWHVWH[SHUWLVH,WZLOO
WDNH WLPH DQG D IHZ FRQWHVWV EHIRUH RSHUDWRUV JHQHUDOO\
GHYHORSWKH³VHFRQGVHQVH´WRPDNHWKHFRUUHFWFKRLFHVWR
PD[LPL]HWKHLUVFRUHV
6RPHRSHUDWRUVPD\QHHGD&:IL[DIWHUWKHPRQWKNLFNV
RII ZLWK WZR LQWHUQDWLRQDO SKRQH FRQWHVWV DQG $55/¶V DOO
PRGH9+)FRQWHVW,I\RXIDOOLQWRWKDWFDWHJRU\WU\WKHDQQX
HPDLON]M#FTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP!
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
2Q WKH VHFRQG IXOO ZHHNHQG LQ 6HSWHPEHU WKH *HUPDQ
'$5&VSRQVRUVWKH:$('&3KRQHFRQWHVW:$('&FRQ
WLQXHVGXULQJWKHHQWLUHKRXUSHULRGEXWVLQJOHRSHUDWRUV
DUHOLPLWHGWRKRXUVRIRSHUDWLRQ$VLVWKHFDVHZLWKLQ
-$5/¶V$$FRQWHVWWKHUHDUHQR³DVVLVWHG´FDWHJRULHV$OO
VLQJOHRSHUDWRUVDUHDOORZHGWKHQRUPDOPHDQVRIVSRWWLQJ
DVVLVWDQFH
,I\RXLQWHQGWRFRPSHWHVHULRXVO\IRUDQDZDUGQRWHWKDW
WKHFRQWHVWRUJDQL]HUVKDYHLQVWLWXWHGDUHFRUGLQJUXOHWKDW
DSSOLHVWRWKHWRSWKUHHHQWUDQWVLQHDFKFDWHJRU\5HFRUG
ERWKUHFHLYHGDQGWUDQVPLWWHGVLJQDOVIRUWKHHQWLUHFRQWHVW
6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 
7KH3KRQHSRUWLRQRIWKH:$('&';&RQWHVWWDNHVSODFH
6HSWHPEHUDQGWKH577<ZHHNHQGLV1RYHPEHU ³'DQLVK&RQWHVW8QLYHUVLW\´2=(ORJRFRPPHPRUDWLQJLWV
/RJRFRXUWHV\RI'$5& DIILOLDWLRQZLWKWKH,$585HJLRQ<RXWK&RQWHVW3URJUDP

&DOHQGDURI(YHQWV
$OO\HDU &4';0DUDWKRQ KWWSELWO\Y(.0:'

6HSW 7HQQHVVHH4623DUW\ KWWSVWQTSRUJUXOHV

6HSW 0,453/DERU'D\&:6SULQW ZZZPLTUSQHW
6HSW 8.(,&&P&RQWHVWV66% KWWSELWO\FY<)
6HSW 15$8P$FWLYLW\&RQWHVW KWWSELWO\57PFHO
6HSW $*&:6WUDLJKW.H\3DUW\ KWWSELWO\76&
6HSW /=2SHQ6(6&RQWHVW ZZZO]RSHQFRP
6HSW 1HEUDVND4623DUW\ KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\TKKN
6HSW 26327$&RQWHVW KWWSRVSRWDRUJ
6HSW 5XVVLDQ³5$',2´::577<&RQWHVW ZZZTU]UXFRQWHVWGHWDLO
6HSW $OO$VLDQ';3KRQH&RQWHVW KWWSELWO\6:[I5
6HSW 56*%66%)LHOG'D\ KWWSELWO\.I/W
6HSW 32';6&OXE-D\+XGDN0HPRULDO06SULQW KWWSELWO\0NDD1W
6HSW 1RUWK$PHULFDQ&:6SULQW KWWSQFMZHEFRP6SULQW5XOHVSGI
6HSW 56*%$XWXPQ6HULHV66% KWWSELWO\.I/I<]
6HSW )2&4623DUW\ ZZZJIRFRUJTVRSDUW\
6HSW $ODEDPD4623DUW\ ZZZDODEDPDTVRSDUW\RUJ
6HSW 6$5/)LHOG'D\ KWWSELWO\+,T4I
6HSW :RUNHG$OO(XURSH66%&RQWHVW KWWSELWO\YXIJFE
6HSW $55/6HSWHPEHU9+)4623DUW\ ZZZDUUORUJVHSWHPEHUYKI
6HSW 7H[DV4623DUW\ KWWSW[TSQHW
6HSW 9HURQ6/3&RQWHVW KWWSVZOYHURQQO5XOHVB6/3KWPO
6HSW 5XVVLDQ&XS'LJLWDO&RQWHVW ZZZTU]UXFRQWHVWGHWDLOKWPO
6HSW %$57*6SULQW KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\[]W\XXG
6HSW 1RUWK$PHULFDQ577<6SULQW KWWSQFMZHEFRP6SULQW5XOHVSGI
6HSW &ODVVLF([FKDQJH&: KWWSELWO\5:9/K
6HSW 56*%$XWXPQ6HULHV&: KWWSELWO\.I/I<]
6HSW $*%1(0,*$&RQWHVW KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\\OKXTR
6HSW )HOG+HOO6SULQW KWWSELWO\-FE2Z:
6HSW $OO$IULFD,QW';&RQWHVW KWWSELWO\+,T4I
6HSW $55/(0(&RQWHVW ZZZDUUORUJHPHFRQWHVW
6HSW $55/*+]DQG83&RQWHVW ZZZDUUORUJJK]XS
6HSW ,RZD4623DUW\ ZZZZ\OFRP,$43
6HSW 1HZ+DPSVKLUH4623DUW\ ZZZZZTPRUJQKTVR
6HSW 1HZ-HUVH\4623DUW\ KWWSELWO\Q'OI9
6HSW 453$ILHOG KWWSELWO\4$&[)X
6HSW 6$5/9+)8+)'LJLWDO&RQWHVW KWWSELWO\+,T4I
6HSW 6FDQGLQDYLDQ&:$FWLYLW\&RQWHVW ZZZVDFWHVWQHWEORJUXOHV
6HSW :DVKLQJWRQ6WDWH6DOPRQ5XQ ZZZZZG[FRUJVDOPRQUXQ
6HSW &ODVVLF([FKDQJH3KRQH KWWSELWO\5:9/K
6HSW 0+])DOO6SULQW KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\YQJ
6HSW 8.(,&&P&RQWHVWV&: KWWSELWO\FY<)
6HSW 56*%$XWXPQ6HULHV'DWD KWWSELWO\.I/I<]
6HSW $*&:8+)9+)&RQWHVW KWWSELWO\XE6;
6HSW 0DLQH4623DUW\ ZZZZVVPFRP0(43KWPO
6HSW 1DQF\.RWW)LVWV0HPRULDO.12:&: KWWSILVWVQDRUJRSHUDWLQJKWPO
6HSW &4::577<';&RQWHVW ZZZFTZZUWW\FRP

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

7KHUHFRUGLQJLVQHHGHGRQO\LIUHTXHVWHGE\WKHFRQWHVWPDQ 7KHUHLVDQKLVWRULFDOSHUVSHFWLYHDQGGLVFXVVLRQRIWKHRUL
DJHUEXWIDLOXUHWRSURYLGHWKHUHFRUGLQJPD\UHVXOWLQKDY JLQIRUWKH47&VWKDWDUHH[FKDQJHGLQWKH:$('&FRQWHVWV
LQJUHPRYHGIURP\RXUORJDOO462VWKDWFDQQRWEHYHULILHG
LQVXEPLWWHGORJV
7KHUHDUHXQLTXHDVSHFWVWRWKLVFRQWHVWZRUWK\RIQRWH
$GGLWLRQDOSRLQWVFDQEHHDUQHGE\H[FKDQJLQJ47&V$47&
LVWKHUHSRUWRIDFRQWHVW462EDFNWRD(XURSHDQVWDWLRQ$
47&FRQWDLQVWLPHFDOOVLJQDQGVHULDOQXPEHURIWKHUHSRUW
HG462)RUH[DPSOH³2=(´PHDQVWKDW2=(
ZDVZRUNHGDW87&DQGVHQWVHULDOQXPEHU
$QRWKHUXQLTXHDVSHFWLVWKDWDQRSHUDWRUZKRDFWLYDWHVD
:$(FRXQWU\IURPZKHUHQRORJZDVUHFHLYHGIRUWKHSDVW
WKUHH\HDUVZLOOEHUHFRJQL]HGDV³:$('&+HUR´DQGUHFHLYH
DVSHFLDOSUL]H)RUWKHFRQWHVWVWKHFRXQWULHVIRUZKLFK
WKLVDZDUGFDQEHHDUQHGDUH$&+9-:E-;2<
5)69$DQG7
)LQDOO\ WKH FRQWHVW VSRQVRUV UHTXHVW WKDW DOO RSHUDWRUV
UHVSHFWWKH,$58EDQGSODQ1RSKRQHRSHUDWLRQVKRXOGWDNH
SODFHZLWKLQWKHIROORZLQJEDQGVHJPHQWV
N+]
H[FHSW577<LQWKLVFROXPQIRU6HSWHPEHUDWSDJHV
6HULRXVRSHUDWRUVDUHXUJHGWRFRQVXOWWKHFRPSOHWH
:$('& UXOHV DW KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\\N]SMY! 1RWH DOVR
WKDWWKH:$('&577<ZHHNHQGZLOOEHRQ1RYHPEHU
ARRL September VHF Contest
7KHDQQXDOIDOO$55/9+)FRQWHVWKDVDOR\DOIROORZLQJDQG
LIWKH&4:RUOG:LGH9+)FRQWHVWLQ-XO\ZDVDQ\LQGLFDWLRQ
DFWLYLW\ZLOOSLFNXSIRUWKLVRQHDOVR,WLVKHOGIURP87&
RQ6DWXUGD\6HSWHPEHUWKURXJK87&RQ0RQGD\
6HSWHPEHU(YHQWKRXJKQDPHGD³9+)´FRQWHVWDOOEDQGV
IURP0+]DQGXSDUHXVHG)RXUFKDUDFWHUJULGVTXDUHVDUH
H[FKDQJHG DQG FRQVWLWXWH WKH FRQWHVW PXOWLSOLHUV IRU VFRULQJ
SXUSRVHV)XOOUXOHVDUHDWKWWSVWLQ\XUOFRPNEFEJTD!
7KLV\HDUWKHQHZ:6-7;PRGH)7KDVEHHQDGGHGWR
)7)7FRQWHVWPRGHDQG06.DVZHOODVWKHPRUH
WUDGLWLRQDO66%DQG&:0DNLQJWUDGHRIIVDPRQJWKHYDUL
RXVPRGHVLVDOHDUQLQJH[SHULHQFHWKDWZLOOFRQWLQXHLQWKLV

2FW 0+])DOO6SULQW KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\YQJ

2FW 8.(,&&P&RQWHVW66% KWWSELWO\FY<)
2FW *HUPDQ7HOHJUDSK\&RQWHVW KWWSELWO\ZR]1
2FW 6$5/P4623DUW\ KWWSELWO\+,T4I
2FW </5/';1$</$QQLYHUVDU\&RQWHVW KWWSV\OUORUJZSG[QD\OFRQWHVW
2FW ),676)DOO6ORZ6SHHG6SULQW ZZZILVWVQDRUJRSHUDWLQJKWPOVSULQWV
2FW &DOLIRUQLD4623DUW\ ZZZFTSRUJ5XOHVKWPO
2FW 2FHDQLD3KRQH';&RQWHVW ZZZRFHDQLDG[FRQWHVWFRP
2FW 5XVVLDQ::'LJLWDO&RQWHVW KWWSELWO\0)&
2FW 6.&&4623DUW\ KWWSELWO\;OY\[
2FW 75&';&RQWHVW ZZZWUFG[RUJWUFG[FLQGH[KWPO
2FW 56*%';&RQWHVW KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\XW
2FW 3HDQXW3RZHU4536SULQW ZZZQRJDTUSRUJ3HDQXW3RZHUUXOHVSGI
2FW 0+])DOO6SULQW KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\YQJ
2FW ,QWO'D\6SULQW KWWSELWO\)U)H%F
2FW 1HYDGD4623DUW\ KWWSQYTVRFRPFRQWHVWUXOHV
2FW ),676)DOO8QOLPLWHG6SULQW ZZZILVWVQDRUJRSHUDWLQJKWPOVSULQWV
2FW 453$5&,)DOO4623DUW\ ZZZTUSDUFLRUJFRQWHVWV
2FW 0LFURZDYH)DOO6SULQW KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\YQJ
2FW $UL]RQD4623DUW\ ZZZD]TVRSDUW\RUJ
2FW 3HQQV\OYDQLD4623DUW\ KWWSSDTVRRUJ
2FW 0DNURWKHQ577<&RQWHVW KWWSELWO\X=GR)
2FW 2FHDQLD&:';&RQWHVW ZZZRFHDQLDG[FRQWHVWFRP
2FW 32'6;&OXE0*UHDW3XPSNLQ6SULQW KWWSELWO\58NF(
2FW 6FDQGLQDYLDQ66%$FWLYLW\&RQWHVW ZZZVDFWHVWQHWEORJUXOHV
2FW 6RXWK'DNRWD4623DUW\ KWWSVVGTVRSDUW\FRP
2FW 9HURQ6/3&RQWHVW KWWSVZOYHURQQO5XOHVB6/3KWPO
2FW 56*%$XWXPQ6HULHV&: KWWSELWO\.I/I<]
2FW $*&:6HPL$XWRPDWLF.H\(YHQLQJ KWWSELWO\/&'\ZP
2FW /=2SHQP&RQWHVW ZZZO]RSHQFRP
2FW ,QWO)DOO&:&RQWHVW KWWSELWO\)U)H%F
2FW $UDXFDULD:RUOG:LGH9+)&RQWHVW ZZZDYKIFFRPUXOHVHQSGI
2FW $55/(0(&RQWHVW ZZZDUUORUJHPHFRQWHVW
2FW 1HZ<RUN4623DUW\ ZZZQ\TSRUJ
2FW -$576::577<&RQWHVW KWWSMDUWVMSUXOHVKWPO
2FW :RUNHG$OO*HUPDQ\&RQWHVW KWWSELWO\X'4569
2FW 6WHZ3HUU\7RSEDQG'LVWDQFH&KDOOHQJH KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\\SIG
2FW $VLD3DFLILF&:6SULQW KWWSMVIFRUJDSVSULQW
2FW 56*%5R/R&:&RQWHVW KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\\]U\IP
2FW ,OOLQRLV4623DUW\ ZZZZDZHRUJ,/43KWPO
2FW $55/6FKRRO&OXE5RXQGXS KWWSELWO\0D/P%V
2FW 56*%$XWXPQ6HULHV'DWD KWWSELWO\.I/I<]
2FW 9HURQ6/3&RQWHVW KWWSVZOYHURQQO5XOHVB6/3KWPO
2FW &4::';66%&RQWHVW ZZZFTZZFRPLQGH[KWP
2FW 8.(,&&P&RQWHVW&: KWWSELWO\FY<)
2FW 56*%$XWXPQ6HULHV66% KWWSELWO\.I/I<]
1RY &4::';&:&RQWHVW ZZZFTZZFRPLQGH[KWP

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 


BEHIND THE BYLINES...
… a little bit about some of the authors
whose articles appear in this issue
FRQWHVW$EULHIGLVFXVVLRQRQWKLVWRSLFLVEHORZEDVHGRQ
FRPPHQWVKHDUGDIWHUWKH&4:RUOG:LGH9+)FRQWHVW7KH
H[FLWLQJDVSHFWLVWKDWVLJQLILFDQWO\PRUHRSHUDWRUVDUHWXUQ
LQJWKHLUUDGLRVRQDQGVKRZLQJXSWRPDNHFRQWHVW462VLQ
WKHQHZGLJLWDOPRGHV
Scandinavian Activity Contest (SAC)
%RE+RSNLQV:%8'&³$PHULFD¶V9RLFH´ S LVD
IUHTXHQWFRQWULEXWRUWR&4PRVWO\VKDULQJVWRULHVRIWKHSHR
SOHKH¶VPHWDQGWKHSODFHVKH¶VEHHQDVDUHVXOWRIEHLQJ
DKDP$&:HQWKXVLDVW%RELVDUHWLUHGSURIHVVRURIFRP
SXWHUVFLHQFHDQGKHDGRILQIRUPDWLRQWHFKQRORJ\DW7KH
&RRSHU8QLRQLQ1HZ<RUN&LW\
6FUHHQ VKRW RI WKH <RX7XEH YLGHR IHDWXULQJ DQ HDUO\
KRPHYLGHRFDPHUDEXLOWE\:%<%0¶VIDWKHU5ROI6SLHV
7KH 6FDQGLQDYLDQ $FWLYLW\ &RQWHVW 6$& &: HYHQW WDNHV
SODFHIRUKRXUVRQ6HSWHPEHU7KHSKRQHFRQWHVW
IROORZVRQWKHZHHNHQGRI2FWREHU7KLVLVDQH[FHO
OHQWFRQWHVWWRUHOD[DQGKDYHVRPHIXQ
7KHDLPRI86RSHUDWRUVLVWRZRUNDVPDQ\6FDQGLQDYLDQ
VWDWLRQVDVSRVVLEOHRQDQGPHWHUV7KH
RUJDQL]HUV UHTXHVW WKDW FRPSHWLWRUV REVHUYH WKH ,$58
5HJLRQEDQGSODQDQGNHHSFRQWHVW462VZLWKLQWKHIRO
ORZLQJ EDQG VHJPHQWV   
DQGN+]
6FDQGLQDYLDQVWDWLRQVDUHGHILQHGE\WKHIROORZLQJ';&&
FRXQWULHVDQGSUHIL[HV
‡6YDOEDUGDQG%HDU,VODQG -:
‡-DQ0D\HQ -;
‡1RUZD\ /$±/%±/& ±/*±/,±/-±/1
‡)LQODQG 2)±2*±2+±2,
‡$ODQG,VODQGV 2)‘±2*‘±2+‘
‡0DUNHW5HHI 2-‘
‡*UHHQODQG 2;±;3
‡)DURH,VODQGV 2:±2<
‡'HQPDUN 3±4±28±29±2=
1%5/6.
‡6ZHGHQ 6±6±6$±6%±6&±6'±6(±6)±6*
.ODXV6SLHV:%<%0 ³8VLQJD5DGLR¶V6TXHOFKDVD ±6+±6,±6-±6.±6/±60
6WDWLRQ&RQWUROOHU´SDIUHTXHQW&4 FRQWULEXWRULVD ‡,FHODQG 7)
VHFRQGJHQHUDWLRQHOHFWURQLFVGHVLJQHUDQGHQJLQHHUDQG
KDP +LV ODWH IDWKHU 5ROI 6SLHV 1%5/ ZRUNHG IRU
0RWRURODZKHUHDPRQJRWKHUWKLQJVKHEXLOWDSURWRW\SH
KRPH YLGHR FDPHUD SURILOHG LQ D <RX7XEH YLGHR DW
KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\NIUG!
%XUW9DQGHUFOXWH1(50 ³$-XQNER[7RXFK.H\´ S
8QOLNHWKH$$DQG:$('&FRQWHVWUXOHVWKH6FDQGLQDYLDQ
RUJDQL]HUVSUHVHUYHWKHGLVWLQFWLRQEHWZHHQWKHVLQJOHRSHU
DWRU ZLWK QR VSRWWLQJ DVVLVWDQFH DQG WKH VLQJOH RSHUDWRU
DVVLVWHGFDWHJRULHV3RLQWVDUHWULSOHGIRUFRQWDFWVRQDQG
PHWHUVDQGWKHUHLVDVLQJOHRSHUDWRU³ORZEDQG´FDWHJR
U\OLPLWHGWRMXVWWKHDQGPHWHUEDQGV
ZDVILUVWOLFHQVHGLQWKHQUHOLFHQVHGLQ+H &RQWHVWUHVXOWVFRQWLQXHWREHSXEOLVKHGLQDQDSSHDOLQJ
RSHUDWHG ZLWK WKH 86 PLOLWDU\ LQ 7XUNH\ 7$%$9 DQG ERRNOHW QRZ GLVWULEXWHG DV DQ HERRNOHW 7KH HGLWRU LV
*HUPDQ\'$(5LQWKHVDQG¶VDQGQRZOLYHVLQ
1RUWK&DUROLQDZKHUHKHHQMR\VRSHUDWLQJ453DQGRXW
GRRUVIURPPDQ\RIKLVVWDWH¶VSDUNVUHFUHDWLRQDQGQDWXU
DODUHDV
:H DUH SOHDVHG WR LQWURGXFH RXU QHZ $ZDUGV (GLWRU
(GGLH'H<RXQJ $($$ LQWKLVLVVXHFROXPQDSSHDUVRQ
+HQQLQJ2=%,,DQGKHZHOFRPHV6$&FRQWHVWVWRULHVIRU
WKHERRNOHW7KHHGLWLRQIHDWXUHVWKHVWRU\RI7KRPDV
2=$$ZKRDOVRLVNQRZQIRUKDYLQJELF\FOHGDURXQGZRUOG
7KHDQGSULRU\HDUERRNOHWVFDQEHYLHZHGDWKWWSV
WLQ\XUOFRP\\EJUQ!
CQ World Wide RTTY DX Contest
SDJH(GGLHLVDIRUPHUDZDUGVPDQDJHUIRUWKH:LUHOHVV
,QVWLWXWH RI $XVWUDOLD DQG QRZ VSHQGV KLV VXPPHUV DV D
UDQJHUDW*ODFLHU1DWLRQDO3DUNLQ0RQWDQD+HLVDOVR46/
PDQDJHUIRUVRPH';VWDWLRQVDQG';SHGLWLRQV(GGLH
ZLOOWHOOXVPRUHDERXWKLPVHOIQH[WPRQWK
 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH
7KH&4:RUOG:LGH';FRQWHVWVDUHOHGRIIHDFK\HDUZLWK
577<ZKLFKDOZD\VLVWKHODVWIXOOZHHNHQGRI6HSWHPEHU7KLV
\HDUWKHUG DQQXDO577<ZHHNHQGLV6HSWHPEHU$
UXOHVVXPPDU\LVLQWKH-XO\LVVXHRI&4 RQSDJHDQG
WKHFRPSOHWHUXOHVDUHDWZZZFTZZUWW\FRPUXOHVKWP!RU
KWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\TWSHP\!
+RZPDQ\FRQWHVW462VSHUKRXUDUHSRVVLEOHLQWKH577<
PRGH"&RQWHVWGLUHFWRU:‘<.KROGVWKHFXUUHQWUHFRUGDW
SHUKRXUUHDFKHGZKLOHRSHUDWLQJDW3;LQ
7KHUHFRUGVWDWLVWLFVKDYHEHHQFDOFXODWHGIRUWKHYDULRXVFDW
HJRULHVDQGFDQEHYLHZHGDWZZZFTZZUWW\FRPUDWHV!
0RUHWKDQORJVKDYHEHHQVXEPLWWHGHYHU\\HDUVLQFH
DQGPDQ\PRUHVWDWLRQVPDNH462VZLWKRXWVXEPLW
WLQJORJV/DVW\HDURSHUDWRUVIURPGLIIHUHQWFRXQWULHV
ZHUH DFWLYH GXULQJ WKH FRQWHVW 0XOWLSOH VLQJOH RSHUDWRUV
DFKLHYHGVLQJOHEDQG';&&GXULQJWKHZHHNHQGLQWKH
RUIHZHURSHUDWLQJKRXUVDOORZHGHQWUDQWV,45<EOD]HGWKH
ZD\RQPHWHUVZLWKFRXQWULHVDQGRWKHUVWDWLRQV
 The KPA1500 was designed with

Power, Redefined. the serious operator in mind. Its

no-nonsense front panel shows all
important parameters at a glance, with a
high-contrast 32-character LCD and fast,

Make Waves With The New

bright LED bar graphs. Band switching
is instantaneous, via control inputs or
RF sensing. Protection and monitoring
Elecraft KPA1500 Amplifier circuitry is extensive and foolproof,
letting you focus on the job at hand —
breaking pileups and overcoming the
most difficult operating conditions.
And it wouldn’t be an Elecraft amp
without robust PIN-diode T/R switching.
Like our KPA500, the KPA1500 offers fast
QSK without a noisy relay.
The amplifier’s rugged internal ATU can
handle full power with load SWR up
to 3:1, while a wider matching range is
allowed at lower power, including up to
10:1 in standby mode.

KPA1500 Features
• 160-6 meters
• Very compact design -
4.5x13.5x11.5” HWD
• Fast, silent PIN diode T/R switching
• Built-in Antenna Tuner with dual
antenna jacks
Separate remote-controlled power supply • Compatible with nearly any
transceiver

For complete features and specifications, go to elecraft.com | sales@elecraft.com | 831-763-4211

7KH6FDQGLQDYLDQ$FWLYLW\&RQWHVW6$&&:ZLOOUXQIRUKRXUVRQ6HSWHPEHUDQG3KRQHIRUKRXUVRQ

2FWREHU7KHQDWLRQV¶IODJVDUHRIVLPLODUGHVLJQDQGUHSUHVHQWWKHLUSHRSOHV¶FRPPRQKHULWDJH)ODJGLVSOD\
FRXUWHV\RI6$&

DOVRUHDFKHGWKHFRXQWULHVPDUNRQPHWHUV2Q DFKDQFHWRWU\)7WKHODWHVW:6-7;PRGH)7KDVDOLW
PHWHUV20=:DQG,199.OHGZLWK';&&FRXQWULHV WOH OHVV VHQVLWLYLW\ WKDQ )7 EXW LV VXEVWDQWLDOO\ TXLFNHU LQ
$QDGGHGDWWUDFWLRQDJDLQWKLV\HDULVWKDWD\RXWKWHDPSDU FRPSOHWLQJ462V²DERXWWLPHVIDVWHU,WZDVGHVLJQHG
WLFLSDWLQJLQWKH,$585HJLRQ<RXWK&RQWHVWLQJ3URJUDP VSHFLILFDOO\ ZLWK FRQWHVWV LQ PLQG DQG WR DSSUR[LPDWH WKH
<&3LVVFKHGXOHGWRSXW2$RQWKHDLUVREHVXUHWRILQG VSHHGRI577<462V0RUHDERXW)7LVLQP\-XQH
DQGZRUNWKHP7KLVFRQWHVWZLOOPDUNWKHILYH\HDUDQQLYHU
VDU\RIWKHILUVW<&3FRQWHVWDFWLYLW\7KHYHU\ILUVW<&3FRQ
WHVWHYHQWZDVWKH&4:RUOG:LGH';577<FRQWHVWLQ
DW2$$<RX7XEHYLGHRRIWKDWRFFDVLRQFDQEHYLHZHG
DWKWWSVWLQ\XUOFRP\DOI[!
Tips on Using Digital Modes in the September
ARRL VHF Contest
FROXPQS
7KHWLSVOLVWHGEHORZHPHUJHGIURPUHYLHZLQJVRPHRIWKH
FRPPHQWV PDGH DIWHU WKLV \HDU¶V &4 :RUOG :LGH 9+)
&RQWHVWLQ-XO\7KH\PD\EHKHOSIXOIRURSHUDWRUVSODQQLQJ
RQ RSHUDWLQJ GXULQJ WKH $55/ 9+) FRQWHVW LQ PLG
6HSWHPEHU2QHRIWKHELJLVVXHVIRURSHUDWRUVZLOOEHNQRZ
LQJZKHQWREHRQ66%&:RU)0DQGZKHQWREHRQRQH
RIWKHGLJLWDOPRGHV
,IWKHEDQGLVRSHQ²SHUKDSVGLJLWDOVLJQDOOHYHOVDERYH
,WZDVMXVWWZR\HDUVDJRLQWKDWDJHQHUDOUHOHDVHRI
)7ZDVPDGHDYDLODEOHDIHZGD\VEHIRUHWKH&4:RUOG
:LGH9+)&RQWHVW'HVSLWHDJHQHUDOODFNRIRSHQLQJVWKDW
FRQWHVWLVPHPRUDEOHIRUWKHPDQ\RSHUDWRUVZKRWULHG)7
IRUWKHILUVWWLPHGXULQJWKDWZHHNHQG
7KLV\HDULQWKH&4:RUOG:LGH9+)&RQWHVWPDQ\RSHU
DWRUVH[SHULHQFHGUHODWLYHO\JRRGSURSDJDWLRQ7KH\DOVRKDG
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
IRU H[DPSOH ² FKHFN RXW WKH 66% DQG &: IUHTXHQFLHV
%RWKWUDGLWLRQDOPRGHVDOORZIRUDVLJQLILFDQWO\IDVWHU462
UDWHLISURSDJDWLRQZLOOVXSSRUWVXIILFLHQWVLJQDOOHYHOVDQGVWD
WLRQVDUHSUHVHQWDQGRSHUDWLQJLQWKRVHPRGHV
66%&:YV)7)7462UDWLRVYDULHGJUHDWO\E\RSHUD
WRUORFDWLRQDQGVWDWLRQFDSDELOLWLHV2SHUDWRUVH[SHULHQF
LQJSRRUHUSURSDJDWLRQRURSHUDWLQJZLWKORZSRZHURUOHVV
6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 
7KH<RXWK&RQWHVWLQJ
3URJUDP<&3SDUWLFLSDQWV
LQ-XO\¶V,VODQGVRQWKH$LU
,27$&RQWHVWGLVSOD\WKH
,WDOLDQ<27$EDQQHUGXULQJ
DWRXURIWKH2=(
DQWHQQDVE\VWDWLRQRZQHU
-DQ2=$'/)URPOHIWWR
ULJKW0DWWHR,8**/
/DUV'/$371LFROD
,1*-+DQG-DQ2=$'/
&RXUWHV\RI2=$'/

Youth Contesting in Europe

<RXWKPHPEHUVIURP,$585HJLRQPHPEHUVRFLHWLHV
DUHLQYLWHGWRWDNHSDUWLQFRQWHVWVIURPVRFDOOHG³7RS*XQ´
VWDWLRQV7KH\RXQJKDPVOHDUQKRZWRRSHUDWHWKHFRQWHVW
VWDWLRQ LPSURYH WKHLU FRQWHVW VNLOOV DQG DLP IRU WKH EHVW
UHVXOWVWRJHWKHUDVDWHDP,QDGGLWLRQWKH\JHWWRYLVLWDQRWK
HUFRXQWU\²RIWHQIRUWKHILUVWWLPH²DQGPHHWRWKHU\RXQJ
VWHUVZLWKVLPLODULQWHUHVWVLQKDPUDGLRFRQWHVWLQJ
7KLVIDOOWKHIROORZLQJWKUHHFRQWHVWVDUHVFKHGXOHGWRKDYH
SDUWLFLSDQWVLQWKH<RXWK&RQWHVW3URJUDP<&3IURP³7RS
*XQVWDWLRQV
‡&4:RUOG:LGH577<';6HSW DW2$
‡6FDQGLQDYLDQ$FWLYLW\&RQWHVW6$&3KRQH2FW
DW/=:DQG
‡ &4:RUOG:LGH3KRQH2FWDW'3$
,Q -XO\¶V 56*% ,VODQGV RQ WKH $LU ,27$ FRQWHVW WKH
'DQLVK&RQWHVW$FDGHP\2=(DQG-DQ2=$'/KRVW <RXWK LQ DFWLRQ GXULQJ WKH ,27$ FRQWHVW /5 /DUV
HG<&3SDUWLFLSDQWVIURP*HUPDQ\DQG,WDO\DVVKRZQLQ '/$371LFROD,1*-+DQG0DWWHR,8**/&RXUWHV\
WKHSKRWRVRQWKLVSDJH RI2=$'/

3UHFRQWHVW SODQQLQJ LQ WKH 2=( NLWFKHQ /5 0DWWHR <RXQJFRQWHVWHUV/50DWWHR,8**/DQG1LFROD,1*-+
,8**/ -DQ 2=$'/ /DUV '/$37 DQG 1LFROD SUHVHQWWKH,WDOLDQGLQQHUWKDWWKH\SUHSDUHGIRUWKHLUKRVWV
,1*-+&RXUWHV\RI2=$'/ DIWHUDVXFFHVVIXORXWLQJDW2=(LQWKH56*%,27$FRQWHVW

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

WKDQRSWLPXPDQWHQQDVWHQGHGWRUHO\
RQDQGDFKLHYHVXFFHVVZLWKWKHGLJLWDO
PRGHV 2SHUDWRUV ZKR H[SHULHQFHG
JRRGSURSDJDWLRQVXFKDV(VNLSRQ
PHWHUVIDURXWUDQWKHGLJLWDOPRGHVE\
XVLQJ66%DQGWRDOHVVHUH[WHQW&:
7KHDGYDQWDJHRIWKHWUDGLWLRQDOPRGHV
ZDVLQFUHDVHGE\WKRVHRSHUDWLQJZLWK
JRRGDQWHQQDVDQGKLJKSRZHU
(YHQLI\RXMXVWZDQWWRWU\³ROG´)7
GRZQORDGWKHODWHVW:6-7;YHU
RUJUHDWHU'RQRWUHO\RQROGHUYHUVLRQV
RI)77KHUHKDYHEHHQFKDQJHVDELJ
RQHEHLQJDVZLWFKWRQHZ*)6.PRG
XODWLRQ WKDW VLJQLILFDQWO\ UHGXFHV WKH
UHFHLYHG EDQGZLGWK RI VWURQJ VLJQDOV
1HDUE\ RSHUDWRUV ZLOO DSSUHFLDWH \RXU
XVLQJ WKH QHZ VRIWZDUH IRU \RXU )7
RSHUDWLRQV
)7 KDV D ³UHJXODU´ DQG D ³FRQWHVW´
PRGH6ZLWFKLQJEHWZHHQWKHPUHTXLUHV
DFKDQJHLQ\RXUVRIWZDUH-XGJLQJE\WKH
FRPPHQWVVRPHVXEVWDQWLDOQXPEHURI
RSHUDWRUVZHUHQRWXVLQJ)7LQLWVFRQ
WHVWPRGHWKHUHE\IXUWKHUFRPSOLFDWLQJ
DQDOUHDG\FRPSOH[GLJLWDOVLWXDWLRQ
$WOHDVWLQ-XO\WKHPDMRULW\RI:6-7
; RSHUDWRUV ZHUH XVLQJ )7 QRW WKH
QHZHU)7%XWEHDOHUWE\WKHWLPHWKDW
WKH$55/9+)FRQWHVWUROOVDURXQGWKLV
PD\FKDQJH
'XULQJSULPHWLPHIRUPHWHRUVFDWWHU
DITS and DAHS
XVLQJ06.LVVWLOOUHFRPPHQGHGE\ A _...
B _._.’s
C of Morse Code Operating
WKH SURV ,W ZLOO HQDEOH FRQWDFWV ZKHQ The ._
HYHQ)7DQG)7DUHQRWOLNHO\WREH
VXFFHVVIXO BY ED TOBIAS, KR3E
7KHHQWU\RI)7DQG)7LQWRWKHFRQ
WHVWPL[SURYLGHVH[FLWLQJRSSRUWXQLWLHV This small but solid guide is the
IRUVHULRXVFRQWHVWHUVWRPDNHH[FLWLQJ perfect read for those interested
'; FRQWDFWV DQG WR LQFUHDVH WKHLU
VFRUHV )RU H[DPSOH VHYHUDO SDUWLFL in learning or improving CW
SDQWVLQWKH&4:RUOG:LGH9+)FRQ operating techniques!
WHVW VXFFHHGHG LQ ZRUNLQJ (XURSH
$IULFDDQG-DSDQRQPHWHUV Within its pages you’ll find:
)RUWKRVHZKRDUHIOH[LEOHDQGZLOOLQJ • The secret of becoming a proficient
WRJURZZLWKWKHQHZPRGHVDQGQHZ CW Operator
ZD\VRIRSHUDWLQJWKHH[FLWHPHQWZLOO • Where and how to practice,
RQO\ FRQWLQXH $W WKH VDPH WLPH IRU
practice, practice.
WKRVH ZKR PRUH SUHIHU WKH WUDGLWLRQDO
66%DQG&:PRGHVFRQWDFWVRQWKHVH • Straight Key or Paddle? NEW!
PRGHVDOVRDSSHDUWRKDYHLQFUHDVHG • Adjusting your Straight Key
,WDSSHDUVWKDWPDQ\RSHUDWRUVZKRDUH or Paddle 6 X 9 Paperback
DWWUDFWHG E\ GLJLWDO DOVR JR GRZQ WKH
EDQGDQGZRUN66%DQG&:ZKHUHDV
• Keyers, Iambic Keying and Bugs Only $15.95
ZLWKRXWGLJLWDOWKH\PD\QRWKDYHERWK • Contests & Events, DXing Shipping & Handling: U.S. & Possessions $3;
HUHGJHWWLQJRQDWDOO7KLVLVHVSHFLDOO\ • Operating QSK CN/MX $5; All Other Countries $10.00
WUXH RQ  PHWHUV ZLWK PDQ\ PRGHUQ • CW Filters
WUDQVFHLYHUVLQFOXGLQJPHWHUVZLWKWKH
• Signs, Signals and Procedures
VWDQGDUG+)EDQGVLQVWHDGRILQDVHS
DUDWH 9+) UDGLR 2Q WKH RWKHU KDQG • Tips on Taking CW On the Road . . . and much, much more!
PDQ\UHSRUWHGOHVVDFWLYLW\RQPHWHUV
$VWKLVLVEHLQJZULWWHQLQODWH-XO\WKH
QXPEHU RI HQWUDQWV LQ WKH &4 :RUOG
Order your copy today!
:LGH 9+) &RQWHVW DOUHDG\ LV UHFRUG CQ Communications, Inc.
EUHDNLQJ 7KH $55/ 9+) &RQWHVW LQ
6HSWHPEHU PD\ H[SHULHQFH D VLPLODU 17 West John St., Hicksville, NY 11801
EXPSZH¶OOVHH\RXWKHUH
± 8QWLOQH[WPRQWK'DYH.=-
http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 PROPAGATION
BY TOMAS HOOD,* NW7US

About This Hot Sun

$4XLFN/RRNDW&XUUHQW 2QH<HDU$JR $4XLFN/RRNDW
&\FOH&RQGLWLRQV 6RODU&\FOH&RQGLWLRQV
'DWDURXQGHGWRQHDUHVWZKROHQXPEHU 'DWDURXQGHGWRQHDUHVWZKROHQXPEHU

6XQVSRWV 6XQVSRWV
2EVHUYHG0RQWKO\-XQH 2EVHUYHG0RQWKO\-XQH
PRQWKVPRRWKHG'HFHPEHU PRQWKVPRRWKHG'HFHPEHU
FP)OX[ FP)OX[
2EVHUYHG0RQWKO\-XQH 2EVHUYHG0RQWKO\-XQH
PRQWKVPRRWKHG'HFHPEHU PRQWKVPRRWKHG'HFHPEHU
$S ,QGH[ $S ,QGH[
2EVHUYHG0RQWKO\-XQH 2EVHUYHG0RQWKO\-XQH
PRQWKVPRRWKHG'HFHPEHU PRQWKVPRRWKHG'HFHPEHU

:
HREVHUYHWKH6XQDVEHLQJDQH[WUHPHO\KRWVSKHUH
:KHQZHREVHUYHLWE\VHWWLQJXSDWHOHVFRSHSUR
MHFWLQJRQWRDZKLWHSLHFHRISDSHU&DXWLRQ1HYHU
ORRNGLUHFWO\DWWKH6XQZLWKHLWKHU\RXUH\HVRUDQRSWLFDODLG
VXFKDVDWHOHVFRSH²LUUHSDUDEOHGDPDJHDQGHYHQEOLQG
WKHLQIUDUHG6SHFWUDOIOX[LVWKHVRODUHQHUJ\GLVWULEXWLRQPHD
VXUHGSHUXQLWRIWLPHLQDXQLWZDYHOHQJWKLQWHUYDOUHFHLYHG
DWWKHGLVWDQFHRIWKH(DUWKEXWRXWVLGHRIWKH(DUWK¶VDWPRV
SKHUH6LPSO\SXWVSHFWUDOIOX[LVWKHPHDVXUHRIWKH6XQ¶V
HQHUJ\WKDWUHDFKHVWKHWRSRIWKH(DUWK¶VDWPRVSKHUHDQG
QHVVFDQRFFXUZLWKRXWWDNLQJDGHTXDWHVDIHW\SUHFDXWLRQV LVJLYHQLQXQLWVRIZDWWVSHUVTXDUHPHWHUSHUQDQRPHWHU
ZHVHHWKH6XQDVDVKDUSGLVFVRPHWLPHVZLWKEODFNVSRWV ZHZULWHWKDWDV:PQP
KHUHDQGWKHUHRQWKHYLVLEOHSURMHFWLRQ²DQGWKRVHDUHQRW 6FLHQWLVWVKDYHXVHGVSHFWUDODQDO\VLVDQGWKHVSHFWUDOIOX[
EHFDXVHRIGLUWRUGXVWRQWKHWHOHVFRSH¶VOHQVRUPLUURU:H WRFDOFXODWHWKDWWKHDSSUR[LPDWHWHPSHUDWXUHRIWKHSKRWR
NQRZQRZWKDWWKRVHVSRWVDUHGUDPDWLFIHDWXUHVNQRZQDV
VXQVSRWV
,Q WKH PDQ\ \HDUV VLQFH WKH WHOHVFRSH ZDV ILUVW XVHG WR
REVHUYHWKH6XQVFLHQWLVWVKDYHOHDUQHGWKDWWKH6XQLVD
JDVHRXVVSKHUHZLWKDODUJHDWPRVSKHUH7KLVDWPRVSKHUH
FDQEHGLYLGHGLQWRWKUHHPDMRUVHFWLRQVDWZKLFKZH¶OOQRZ
VSKHUH LV DURXQG ƒ .HOYLQ . RU PRUH WKDQ ƒ
/$670,187()25(&$67
'D\WR'D\&RQGLWLRQV([SHFWHGIRU6HSWHPEHU
([SHFWHG6LJQDO4XDOLW\
WDNHDFORVHUORRN 3URSDJDWLRQ,QGH[    
$ERYH1RUPDO $ $ % &

The Photosphere +LJK1RUPDO

$ % & &'

:KHQZHREVHUYHWKH6XQWKURXJKDVLPSOHZKLWHOLJKWSUR /RZ1RUPDO % &%&' '(


MHFWLRQ LQVWUXPHQW OLNH WKH WHOHVFRSH DQG ZKLWHSDSHU %HORZ1RUPDO & &' '( (
VFUHHQZHWKLQNZH¶UHVHHLQJWKH³VXUIDFH´RIWKH6XQEXW
WKLVYLVLEOHSURMHFWLRQLVRQO\UHYHDOLQJWKHGHHSHVWUHJLRQRI
WKH6XQ¶VDWPRVSKHUHNQRZQDVWKHSKRWRVSKHUH
:HGRQ¶WVHHIXOO\LQWRWKHNLORPHWHUGHSWKRIWKHSKR
WRVSKHUHWKHGHQVLW\RIWKHJDVHVLQWKLVUHJLRQLQFUHDVHV
VRUDSLGO\WKDWLWTXLFNO\EHFRPHVRSDTXHWRRXUWHOHVFRSH
$QG ZKLOH WKH PDVV WKDW PDNHV XS WKH SKRWRVSKHUH RQO\
FRQWDLQVDERXWRQHILIWKRIDELOOLRQWKRIWKHPDVVRIWKH6XQ
LWLVIURPWKHSKRWRVSKHUHWKDWPRVWRIWKHVRODUHQHUJ\LV
UDGLDWHG7KLVHQHUJ\LVLQWKHIRUPRIYLVLEOHDQGLQIUDUHG
OLJKW²DQGWKDWLVH[DFWO\ZK\LWLVNQRZQDVWKHSKRWRV
SKHUHZKLFKPHDQV³OLJKWVSKHUH´$GGLWLRQDOO\WKLVLVWKH
DUHDRIWKH6XQZKHUHVXQVSRWVDSSHDU
Photospheric Radiation
5DGLDWLRQIURPWKHSKRWRVSKHUHLVVSUHDGRYHUDZLGHVSHF
WUXP²IURPXOWUDYLROHWWKURXJKWKHYLVLEOHZDYHOHQJWKVWR
32%R[

'LVWXUEHG &' ' ( (

:KHUHH[SHFWHGVLJQDOTXDOLW\LV
$([FHOOHQWRSHQLQJH[FHSWLRQDOO\VWURQJVWHDG\VLJQDOVJUHDWHUWKDQ6
%*RRGRSHQLQJPRGHUDWHO\VWURQJVLJQDOVYDU\LQJEHWZHHQ6DQG6ZLWKOLWWOHIDG
LQJRUQRLVH
&)DLURSHQLQJVLJQDOVEHWZHHQPRGHUDWHO\VWURQJDQGZHDNYDU\LQJEHWZHHQ6DQG
6ZLWKVRPHIDGLQJDQGQRLVH
'3RRURSHQLQJZLWKZHDNVLJQDOVYDU\LQJEHWZHHQ6DQG6ZLWKFRQVLGHUDEOHIDG
LQJDQGQRLVH
(1RRSHQLQJH[SHFWHG
+2:7286(7+,6)25(&$67
8VLQJWKH3URSDJDWLRQ&KDUWVDSSHDULQJLQ7KH1HZ6KRUWZDYH3URSDJDWLRQ+DQGERRNE\
*HRUJH-DFREV7KHRGRUH-&RKHQDQG5%5RVH
)LQGWKH3URSDJDWLRQ,QGH[DVVRFLDWHGZLWKWKHSDUWLFXODUSDWKRSHQLQJIURPWKH3URSDJDWLRQ
&KDUWV
:LWKWKH3URSDJDWLRQ,QGH[XVHWKHDERYHWDEOHWRILQGWKHH[SHFWHGVLJQDOTXDOLW\DVVRFL
DWHGZLWKWKHSDWKRSHQLQJIRUDQ\JLYHQGD\RIWKHPRQWK)RUH[DPSOHDQRSHQLQJVKRZQLQ
WKH3URSDJDWLRQ&KDUWVZLWKD3URSDJDWLRQ,QGH[RIZLOOEHSRRURQ6HSWHPEHUZKLOHRQ
6HSWHPEHUSURSDJDWLRQZLOOEHPRVWO\QRQH[LVWDQWH[FHSWIRUVKRUWVNLSDQGWUDQV(TXLWRULDO
WKHQRQ6HSWHPEHUDQGSRRUFRQGLWLRQVDQGVRIRUWK
$OWHUQDWLYHO\\RXPD\XVHWKH/DVW0LQXWH)RUHFDVWDVDJHQHUDOJXLGHWRVSDFHZHDWKHU
DQGJHRPDJQHWLFFRQGLWLRQVWKURXJKRXWWKHPRQWK:KHQFRQGLWLRQVDUH$ERYH1RUPDOIRU
H[DPSOHWKHJHRPDJQHWLFILHOGVKRXOGEHTXLHWDQGVSDFHZHDWKHUVKRXOGEHPLOG2QWKH
RWKHUKDQGGD\VPDUNHGDV'LVWXUEHGZLOOEHULGGOHGZLWKJHRPDJQHWLFVWRUPV3URSDJDWLRQRI
/LQFROQ1( UDGLRVLJQDOVLQWKHKLJKIUHTXHQF\+)VSHFWUXPZLOOEHDIIHFWHGE\WKHVHJHRPDJQHWLFFRQ
(PDLOQZXV#QZXVXV! GLWLRQV,QJHQHUDOZKHQFRQGLWLRQVDUH+LJK1RUPDOWR$ERYH1RUPDOVLJQDOVZLOOEHPRUHUHOL
DEOHRQDJLYHQSDWKZKHQWKHLRQRVSKHUHVXSSRUWVWKHSDWKWKDWLVLQFRQVLGHUDWLRQ7KLVFKDUW
#1:86 LVXSGDWHGGDLO\DWKWWS6XQ6SRW:DWFKFRP!SURYLGHGE\1:86
#KIUDGLRVSDFHZ[

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

)DKUHQKHLW)7KHWHPSHUDWXUHRIWKHSKRWRVSKHUHGHFUHDV
HVIURPDERXWƒ .DWWKHERWWRPWRDERXWƒ .DWWKH
WRSRIWKHUHJLRQ%H\RQGWKLVOHYHOZKLFKZHZLOOGHILQHWREH
WKHEDVHRIWKHVRODUFKURPRVSKHUHWHPSHUDWXUHLQFUHDVHV
DJDLQVRWKDWWKHUHLVDWHPSHUDWXUHPLQLPXPUHJLRQ
:KHQZHEUHDNDSDUWWKHOLJKWIURPWKH6XQXVLQJVSHFLDO
VSHFWUDOLQVWUXPHQWVDQGPHDVXUHPHQWVDSULVPLVDVLPSOH
VSHFWUDOLQVWUXPHQWDVLWEUHDNVXSWKHYLVLEOHZKLWHOLJKWLQWR
HGE\WKHLQWHQVHO\VWURQJPDJQHWLFILHOGVRIWKH6XQ7KHVH
PDJQHWLFILHOGVVSOLWWKHVSHFWUDOOLQHVLQWRVHSDUDWHLGHQWLIL
DEOH FRPSRQHQWV 7KLV VSOLWWLQJ HIIHFW LV NQRZQ DV WKH
=HHPDQ(IIHFWDQGLVLPSRUWDQWLQWKHVWXG\RIVRODUPDJ
QHWLFDFWLYLW\
,PDJLQHDQDWRPQHDUWRDVWURQJH[WHUQDOPDJQHWLFILHOG
$Q RUELWLQJ HOHFWURQ RI WKH DWRP ZLWK LWV QHJDWLYH HOHFWULF
FKDUJHSURGXFHVDWLQ\HOHFWULFFXUUHQW7KLVFXUUHQWKDVD
GLVWLQFWVSHFWUDOFRORUVZHILQGWKDWWKHVRODUOLJKWLVDIIHFW PDJQHWLF ILHOG ZLWK D GLUHFWLRQ WKDW LV SHUSHQGLFXODU WR WKH

)LJXUH7KH6XQDQGLWVDWPRVSKHUHFRQVLVWRIVHYHUDO]RQHVRUOD\HUV)URPWKHLQVLGHRXWWKHVRODULQWHULRUFRQVLVWVRI

‡WKHFRUHWKHFHQWUDOUHJLRQZKHUHQXFOHDUUHDFWLRQVFRQVXPHK\GURJHQWRIRUPKHOLXP7KHVHUHDFWLRQVUHOHDVHWKHHQHU
J\WKDWXOWLPDWHO\OHDYHVWKHVXUIDFHDVYLVLEOHOLJKW
‡WKHUDGLDWLYH]RQHH[WHQGVRXWZDUGIURPWKHRXWHUHGJHRIWKHFRUHWREDVHRIWKHFRQYHFWLRQ]RQHFKDUDFWHUL]HGE\WKH
PHWKRGRIHQHUJ\WUDQVSRUW²UDGLDWLRQ
‡WKHFRQYHFWLRQ]RQHWKHRXWHUPRVWOD\HURIWKHVRODULQWHULRUH[WHQGLQJIURPDGHSWKRIDERXWNLORPHWHUVWRWKH
YLVLEOHVXUIDFHZKHUHLWVPRWLRQLVVHHQDVJUDQXOHVDQGVXSHUJUDQXOHV

7KHVRODUDWPRVSKHUHLVPDGHXSRI
‡WKHSKRWRVSKHUHWKHYLVLEOHVXUIDFHRIWKH6XQ
‡WKHFKURPRVSKHUHDQLUUHJXODUOD\HUDERYHWKHSKRWRVSKHUHZKHUHWKHWHPSHUDWXUHULVHVIURPƒ&WRDERXWƒ&
‡DWUDQVLWLRQUHJLRQDWKLQDQGYHU\LUUHJXODUOD\HURIWKH6XQ¶VDWPRVSKHUHWKDWVHSDUDWHVWKHKRWFRURQDIURPWKHPXFK
FRROHUFKURPRVSKHUHDQG
‡WKHFRURQDWKH6XQ¶VRXWHUDWPRVSKHUH

%H\RQGWKHFRURQDLVWKHVRODUZLQGZKLFKLVDFWXDOO\DQRXWZDUGIORZRIFRURQDOJDV7KH6XQ¶VPDJQHWLFILHOGVULVHWKURXJK
WKHFRQYHFWLRQ]RQHDQGHUXSWWKURXJKWKHSKRWRVSKHUHLQWRWKHFKURPRVSKHUHDQGFRURQD7KHHUXSWLRQVOHDGWRVRODU
DFWLYLW\ ZKLFK LQFOXGHV VXFK SKHQRPHQD DV VXQVSRWV IODUHV SURPLQHQFHV DQG FRURQDO PDVV HMHFWLRQV &UHGLW
1$6$*RGGDUG

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

SODQHRIWKHHOHFWURQ¶VRUELW7KH=HHPDQ(IIHFWGHVFULEHV
WKHLQWHUDFWLRQRIWKLVILHOGZLWKWKHH[WHUQDOILHOGWKDWSURGXFHV
2QHXQLTXHDVSHFWRIWKH6XQGLVFRYHUHG
DVOLJKWDGGLWLRQWRRUVXEWUDFWLRQIURPWKHQRUPDOHQHUJ\FDU WKURXJKFDUHIXOREVHUYDWLRQRIWKHSKRWRVSKHUH
ULHGE\SKRWRQVWKDWIRUPWKHVSHFWUDOOLQH7KHJUHDWHUWKH RYHUWKHPDQ\\HDUVRIVFLHQWLILFVWXG\LVWKDWWKH
VWUHQJWKRIWKHH[WHUQDOPDJQHWLFILHOGWKHODUJHULVWKLVDGGHG URWDWLRQUDWHRIWKH6XQYDULHVEHWZHHQWKH6XQ¶V
RUVXEWUDFWHGHQHUJ\
SRODUUHJLRQVDQGLWVHTXDWRU
7KHUHVXOWLVWKDWWKHUHDUHWZRFRPSRQHQWVRIWKHVSHFWUDO
OLQHWKDWDUHGLVSODFHGWRHLWKHUVLGHRIWKHQRUPDOOLQHZDYH
OHQJWKZKRVHVHSDUDWLRQLVSURSRUWLRQDOWRWKHVWUHQJWKRI
WKHLPSRVHGPDJQHWLFILHOG:KHQYLHZHGDORQJWKHILHOGOLQHV VLJKW RU ORQJLWXGLQDO SKRWRVSKHULF ILHOG FRPSRQHQW $Q
DORQJLWXGLQDOILHOGRQO\RQHRIWKHFRPSRQHQWVLVYLVLEOH LQVWUXPHQWWKDWFDQPHDVXUHERWKWKHVWUHQJWKDQGGLUHF
:KHQYLHZHGSHUSHQGLFXODUWRWKHILHOGOLQHVDWUDQVYHUVH WLRQRIWKHSKRWRVSKHULFPDJQHWLFILHOGLVNQRZQDVWKHYHF
ILHOGWKHWZRQHZFRPSRQHQWVDUHERWKYLVLEOHWRJHWKHUZLWK
WKHRULJLQDOVSHFWUDOOLQHFRPSRQHQWJLYLQJULVHWRDWULSOHWRI
OLQHV:KHQVSHFWUDOOLQHVDUHVSOLWE\DPDJQHWLFILHOGWKH
WZRQHZFRPSRQHQWVSRVVHVVDVSHFLDOSURSHUW\NQRZQDV
SRODUL]DWLRQ
,WLVEHFDXVHRIWKHXQLTXHZD\LQZKLFKWKH6XQ¶VOLJKWLV
WRUPDJQHWRJUDSK
Solar Granulation
:KHQZHYLHZWKH6XQWKURXJKDUHODWLYHO\ORZSRZHUWHOH
VFRSHUHPHPEHUWRSURMHFWWKH6XQ¶VLPDJHRQWRDZKLWH
SDSHUYLHZLQJVFUHHQDQGWRQRWORRNDWWKH6XQGLUHFWO\ZLWK
SRODUL]HGWKDWVFLHQWLVWVFDQPDSWKHPDJQHWLFILHOGVLQWKH
VRODUDWPRVSKHUH7KHPRVWSRZHUIXOPDJQHWLFILHOGVRQWKH
6XQRFFXULQVXQVSRWUHJLRQVZKHUHWKHILHOGVWUHQJWKPD\
DSSURDFK RU VRPHWLPHV H[FHHG  7HVOD VHH KWWS
JQZXVXV0'L!IRUPRUHLQIRUPDWLRQDERXWWKH7HVOD
\RXUH\HVWKHSKRWRVSKHUHRIWKH6XQDSSHDUVIDLUO\VPRRWK
DQG FRQVWDQW ,I ZH LQFUHDVH WKH SRZHU RI RXU WHOHVFRSH
HQRXJKZHEHJLQWRVHHWKDWWKH6XQ¶VSKRWRVSKHUHLVDFWX
DOO\ D EXEEOLQJ VXUIDFH ² ZH VHH D ³VXUIDFH´ PDGH XS RI
VPDOOEXEEOHOLNHIHDWXUHVNQRZQDVVRODUJUDQXOHV
XQLWRIPHDVXUHPHQW$QLQVWUXPHQWNQRZQDVWKH%DEFRFN $W\SLFDOJUDQXOHLVUHODWLYHO\VPDOO²DERXWDUFVHF
PDJQHWRJUDSK ILUVW XVHG LQ  PHDVXUHV WKH OLQHRI RQGVLQGLDPHWHUDERXWNLORPHWHUVLQOHQJWKTXLWHODUJH
WRXVEXWWLQ\LQFRPSDULVRQZLWKWKHWRWDODUHDRIWKHYLVLEOH
VRODUGLVFDOWKRXJKJUDQXOHVFRPHLQDQLQILQLWHYDULHW\RI
VL]HV7KHODUJHVWWHQGWRWDNHRQDSRO\JRQDOVKDSH
7KHVHJUDQXOHVDUHVHSDUDWHGE\GDUNFKDQQHOVNQRZQDV
LQWHUJUDQXDOODQHVZLWKDQDYHUDJHRIDERXWDUFVHFRQGV
EHWZHHQJUDQXOHVWKDW¶VDERXWNLORPHWHUV*UDQXOHV
FKDQJHVKDSHZKHQWKH\IRUPQHDUVXQVSRWVZLWKSRZHUIXO
PDJQHWLFILHOGV7KHPDJQHWLFILHOGVVWUHWFKRUOHQJWKHQJUDQ
XOHVPDNLQJWKHPDSSHDUDVXPEUDOGRWVZKHQWKH\HQGXS
ZLWKLQWKHGDUNHVWXPEUDOUHJLRQVRIWKHVXQVSRW*UDQXOHV
RQO\VXUYLYHIRUDERXWPLQXWHV
:KHQDJUDQXOHEHJLQVWREUHDNXSDQHZRQHIRUPVLQLWV
SODFHVRPHWLPHVPHUJLQJZLWKQHLJKERULQJJUDQXOHV6RPH
RIWKHODUJHUJUDQXOHVDSSHDUWRH[SORGHDVWKH\EUHDNDSDUW
$OOWKLVDFWLRQJLYHVWKHVRODUVXUIDFHLWVEXEEOLQJDSSHDUDQFH

Differential Solar Rotation

2QH XQLTXH DVSHFW RI WKH 6XQ GLVFRYHUHG WKURXJK FDUHIXO
REVHUYDWLRQRIWKHSKRWRVSKHUHRYHUWKHPDQ\\HDUVRIVFL
HQWLILFVWXG\LVWKDWWKHURWDWLRQUDWHRIWKH6XQYDULHVEHWZHHQ
WKH 6XQ¶V SRODU UHJLRQV DQG LWV HTXDWRU $W WKH SROHV WKH
6XQ¶VURWDWLRQLVVORZHUWKDQDWLWVHTXDWRUDSKHQRPHQRQ
NQRZQDVGLIIHUHQWLDOURWDWLRQ
7KHREVHUYDWLRQRIVXQVSRWVUHYHDOVWKDWWKHSKRWRVSKHUH
URWDWHV IDVWHU QHDU WKH HTXDWRU WKDQ DW WKH SROHV 7DEOH 
VKRZVWKHURWDWLRQUDWHRIWKH6XQDVGHULYHGE\WKHPHD
VXUHPHQWRIVXQVSRWURWDWLRQUDWHVDWYDULRXVVRODUODWLWXGHV
7KHVLGHUHDOUDWHGHVFULEHVWKHGXUDWLRQRIRQHVRODUURWD
)LJXUH:HOOLQVLGHWKH6XQWKHJDVHVPDNLQJXSWKHFRUH
WLRQZLWKUHVSHFWWRWKHVWDUV6WDUVDUHFRQVLGHUHGVWDWLRQ
DUHVRKRWWKDWWKH\DUHIXOO\LRQL]HGHOHFWURQVDUHDOOVWULSSHG
DU\REMHFWVLQVSDFHXQOLNHWKH(DUWKZKLFKLVFRQVWDQWO\LQ
IURPWKHDWRPV¶QXFOHL(QHUJ\LVUDGLDWHGRXWRIWKHFRUH
PRWLRQDURXQGWKH6XQ7KHV\QRGLFLQWHUYDOGHVFULEHVWKH
XQWLOWKHHQHUJ\UHDFKHVDQRXWHUUHJLRQZKHUHWKHORZHU
WHPSHUDWXUHILQDOO\DOORZVDWRPVWRDEVRUEWKHHQHUJ\$W
WKLVVWDJHVRODUJDVHVJHWVRKRWWKDWWKHJDVHVH[SDQGDQG /DWLWXGH 6LGHUHDO 6\QRGLF
ULVH FRQYHFWLYHO\ WRZDUG WKH VXUIDFH LQ ODUJHVFDOH EOREV GHJUHHV GD\V GD\V
7KHHQHUJ\LVFDUULHGDFURVVWKLV³FRQYHFWLYH]RQH´E\WKLV   
³ERLOLQJ´RIJDV7KHILQDOVWDJHLQWKHFRQYHFWLRQLVVRODU   
JUDQXOHV²KRWJDVULVLQJWRWKHVXUIDFHVHHWH[W(QHUJ\   
ULVHVWRWKHVXUIDFHDVJDVZHOOVXSLQWKHFRUHVRIWKHJUDQ   
XOHV DQG FRRO JDV VLQNV DURXQG WKHLU HGJHV 6RXUFH
8QLYHUVLW\RI$UL]RQD 7DEOH6RODU5RWDWLRQ5DWHVE\/DWLWXGH

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

WLPHUHTXLUHGIRUIHDWXUHVRQWKH6XQWRPDNHRQHFRPSOHWH ,WLVWKDWWLPHRI\HDUDJDLQZKHQWKH6XQZLOOEH
UHYROXWLRQDVVHHQIURPWKH(DUWK6LQFHWKH(DUWKLVFRQ GLUHFWO\RYHUWKHHTXDWRU7KLVKDSSHQVWZLFHD
VWDQWO\PRYLQJDURXQGWKH6XQLQWKHVDPHGLUHFWLRQLQZKLFK
WKH6XQURWDWHVLWWDNHVORQJHUIRUIHDWXUHVRQWKH6XQWR
\HDULQWKHVSULQJDQGDXWXPQ
UHWXUQWRWKHVDPHSRVLWLRQRQWKH6XQZKHQYLHZHGIURP
(DUWK7KHIHDWXUHVPXVWWUDYHOEH\RQGWKHLURULJLQDOVWDUWLQJ
ORFDWLRQPRUHWKDQƒLQRUGHUWRNHHSXSZLWKWKH(DUWK¶V
PRWLRQ DURXQG WKH 6XQ 6R VLGHUHDO URWDWLRQ UDWHV DUH WKH
DFWXDOUHDOURWDWLRQUDWHVZKLOHWKHV\QRGLFURWDWLRQUDWHVDUH
UHODWLYHWRKRZZHVHHWKLQJVRQWKH6XQIURPWKH(DUWK
,WLVEDVHGRQWKHV\QRGLFURWDWLRQSHULRGWKDWZHFDQPDNH
VRPH SUHGLFWLRQV DERXW VSDFH ZHDWKHU :H NQRZ WKDW D
VXQVSRWUHJLRQLILWODVWVIRUPRUHWKDQRQHIXOOVRODUURWDWLRQ
ZLOOFRPHEDFNLQWRSRVLWLRQIDFLQJWKH(DUWKDIWHUDERXW
GD\V,IDFRURQDOKROHGHYHORSVLWWRRZLOODJDLQEH(DUWK
IDFLQJLQDERXWGD\VLILWODVWVWKDWORQJ7KH/DVW0LQXWH
)RUHFDVWWDNHVWKLVURWDWLRQLQWRFRQVLGHUDWLRQLQWKHILQDOSUH
GLFWLRQVDVSXEOLVKHG
:LWKWKHDLGRIPRGHUQWHFKQRORJ\GHYHORSHGVLQFHWKHVWDUW
RIWKHVSDFHDJHZH¶YHOHDUQHGDERXWWKHRWKHUOD\HUVLQWKH
6XQ¶VDWPRVSKHUH1H[WPRQWKZH¶OOPRYHIURPWKHSKRWR
VSKHUHWRWKH&KURPRVSKHUH6WD\WXQHG
September Propagation
,WLVWKDWWLPHRI\HDUDJDLQZKHQWKH6XQZLOOEHGLUHFWO\
RYHUWKHHTXDWRU7KLVKDSSHQVWZLFHD\HDULQWKHVSULQJ
DQGDXWXPQ7KHVHDUHWKHHTXLQR[HV,QWKHDXWXPQZHFDOO
WKHGD\ZKHQWKH6XQFURVVHVWKHHTXDWRUDVLWDSSHDUVWR
WUDYHOIURPQRUWKHUQWRVRXWKHUQVNLHVWKHDXWXPQDOHTXLQR[
7KLV\HDUWKLVVRXWKZDUGHTXLQR[SHUKDSVDPRUHDFFXUDWH
5HPHPEHU WRR WKDW ORQJSDWK RSHQLQJV LPSURYH GXULQJ
WKHHTXLQRFWLDOSHULRGV$YDULHW\RISDWKVDUHRSHQLQJRQ
PHWHUV([SHFWDSDWKWRVRXWKHUQ$VLDDURXQGVXQVHWGDLO\
PRUQLQJ RSHQLQJV WR VRXWKHUQ $VLD DQG WKH 0LGGOH (DVW
H[SDQGLQJWR$IULFD$OVRORRNIRU$QWDUFWLFVKRUWSDWKDQG
VLJQDOVIURPWKH,QGLDQ2FHDQUHJLRQORQJSDWKRYHUWKH1RUWK
3ROH$IWHUQRRQVZLOOILOOZLWK6RXWK3DFLILFORQJSDWKDQGWKHQ
H[WHQGWR5XVVLDDQG(XURSH/RRNIRUSRVVLEOHORQJSDWK
RSHQLQJVRQDQGPHWHUVIRUDQKRXURUVREHIRUH
VXQULVHDQGMXVWEHIRUHVXQVHW
7KH PHWHU EDQG PLJKW VXSSO\ GD\SDWK SURSDJDWLRQ
HYHQRYHUWKHSRODUSDWKVDOWKRXJKWKHVHSRODURSHQLQJVZLOO
VWLOOEHVRPHZKDWUDUHWKLV\HDUZLWKWKHORZVXQVSRWDFWLYLW\
OHYHO$VOLJKWLPSURYHPHQWLVH[SHFWHGIRU';SURSDJDWLRQ
RQ  PHWHUV DV ZHOO RSHQLQJ VKRUWO\ DIWHU VXQULVH DQG
UHPDLQLQJRSHQXQWLODIWHUVXQGRZQ2SHQLQJVZLOOEHEHVW
WRZDUG(XURSHDQGWKHQRUWKHDVWEHIRUHQRRQDQGWRWKHUHVW
RIWKHZRUOGGXULQJWKHDIWHUQRRQ2SHQLQJVWRZDUGWKH6RXWK
3DFLILF$XVWUDOLD1HZ=HDODQGDQGWKH)DU(DVWVKRXOGEH
SRVVLEOHZHOOLQWRWKHHDUO\HYHQLQJ5HPHPEHUWKRXJKWKDW
RSHQLQJVDUHGHSHQGHQWRQWKHVWUHQJWKRIWKHLRQRVSKHUH
ZKLFKLQWXUQLVGHSHQGHQWXSRQDQDFWLYHVXQ'XULQJWKLV
SDUW RI WKH VRODU F\FOH DFWLYLW\ LV PLQLPDO RU QRQH[LVWHQW
2SHQLQJVPD\EHUDUHDQGVKRUWOLYHG
QDPHVLQFHLWGHVFULEHVWKHGLUHFWLRQRISDVVDJHRIWKH6XQ ([SHFW DQ LPSURYHPHQW LQ QLJKWWLPH '; FRQGLWLRQV RQ 
RFFXUVRQ6HSWHPEHUDW87&
7KHGDWHRQZKLFKWKH6XQVHWVDQGULVHVH[DFWO\KRXUV
DSDUWLVNQRZQDVWKHHTXLOX[7KHWLPHRIVXQVHWDQGVXQ
ULVHYDULHVZLWKDQREVHUYHU¶VJHRJUDSKLFORFDWLRQ/LNHZLVH
WKHHTXLOX[GHSHQGVRQWKHREVHUYHU¶VORFDWLRQDQGGRHVQRW
H[LVW IRU ORFDWLRQV VXIILFLHQWO\ FORVH WR WKH (TXDWRU 7KH
HTXLQR[KRZHYHULVDSUHFLVHPRPHQWLQWLPHZKLFKLVFRP
PRQWRDOOREVHUYHUVRQ(DUWK
%HFDXVHWKHSHULRGRIVXQOLJKWLVHTXDOWRWKHWLPHRIGDUN
QHVVWKHLRQRVSKHULFFKDUDFWHULVWLFVDUHPXFKWKHVDPHRYHU
YHU\ODUJHJHRJUDSKLFUHJLRQV7KLVLVZKDWSURYLGHVRSWLPDO
FRQGLWLRQVIRUORQJUDQJHLRQRVSKHULFSURSDJDWLRQHVSHFLDO
O\ EHWZHHQ WKH WHPSHUDWH UHJLRQV RI WKH 1RUWKHUQ DQG
6RXWKHUQ+HPLVSKHUHV
7KLV \HDU WKLV WUDQVODWHV WR LPSURYHG FRQGLWLRQV RQ 
WKURXJKPHWHUV7HQPHWHUVPD\HYHQFRPHLQWRSOD\WKLV
PRQWKIRUWUDQVHTXDWRULDODQGVRPHHDVWZHVWSURSDJDWLRQ
HYHQWKRXJKZHDUHDWWKHVXQVSRWF\FOHPLQLPXP6XUSULVHV
DUHNQRZQWRKDSSHQ
([SHFW LPSURYHPHQW RQ  PHWHUV ZLWK PRUH IUHTXHQW
RSHQLQJV IURP PLG6HSWHPEHU WKURXJK PLG2FWREHU
EHWZHHQ 1RUWK $PHULFD DQG 6RXWK $PHULFD WKH 6RXWK
3DFLILF6RXWK$VLDDQGVRXWKHUQ$IULFD7KHVWURQJHVWRSHQ
LQJVZLOORFFXUIRUDIHZKRXUVDIWHUVXQULVHDQGGXULQJWKH
VXQVHWKRXUV
7ZHQW\PHWHUVZLOOEHWKHEHVWGD\WLPH';EDQGWKLVPRQWK
WKURXJKPHWHUVGXULQJ6HSWHPEHUDQG2FWREHU7KLVLV
GXH WR WKH LQFUHDVLQJ KRXUV RI GDUNQHVV DQG D VHDVRQDO
GHFUHDVHLQWKHVWDWLFOHYHO7KLUW\DQGPHWHUVVKRXOGEH
EHVWIRUZRUOGZLGH';IURPVXQVHWWRVXQULVH6L[W\PHWHUV
VKRXOG EHFRPH PRUH UHOLDEOH IRU WKRVH IDUWKHU FRQWDFWV
:RUNLQJDOOVWDWHVRQLVYHU\SRVVLEOHGXULQJWKLVVHDVRQ
(LJKW\DQGPHWHUVZLOOEHFRPHKRWEDQGVGXULQJWKHKRXUV
RIGDUNQHVVHVSHFLDOO\IRUDQKRXURUVREHIRUHORFDOVXQULVH
)RU VKRUWVNLS SURSDJDWLRQ GXULQJ 6HSWHPEHU DQG HDUO\
2FWREHUXVHDQGPHWHUVGXULQJWKHGD\IRUSDWKVVKRUW
HUWKDQPLOHVDQGHLWKHURUDWQLJKW)RUGLVWDQFHV
EHWZHHQ  DQG  PLOHV WU\   DQG SRVVLEO\ 
PHWHUVGXULQJWKHGD\DQGPHWHUVDWQLJKW)RURSHQLQJV
EHWZHHQDQGPLOHVPHWHUVVKRXOGZRUNGXU
LQJWKHGD\DQGDQGIURPVXQGRZQWRPLGQLJKW
DQGDQGIURPPLGQLJKWWRVXQULVH)RURSHQLQJVJUHDWHU
WKDQPLOHVWU\RUPHWHUVGXULQJWKHGD\DQG
DQGHYHQGXULQJWKHKRXUVRIGDUNQHVV&KHFN
DQGPHWHUVIRUVRPHIDLUO\JRRGRSHQLQJVEH\RQG
PLOHV LQ WKH DIWHUQRRQ HVSHFLDOO\ ZLWK FRQGLWLRQV DUH +LJK
1RUPDORUEHWWHUDQGIRUSDWKVLQWR6RXWK$PHULFDDQGWKH
VRXWK3DFLILF
VHF Conditions
&KHFNRXWWKLVYLGHRRIWKHFDSWXUHRIDQDORJWHOHYLVLRQVLJ
QDOV E\ $OHMDQGUR :DOOV 6HJXUD ;()$6 ZZZTU]FRP
/RRNIRUWRRSHQIRU';DWVXQULVHDQGUHPDLQRSHQLQDOO
GLUHFWLRQVIRUDIHZKRXUV,WPLJKWEHSRVVLEOHWRZRUNLQWR
PDQ\DUHDVRIWKHZRUOGWKURXJKRXWWKHGD\OLJKWKRXUVZLWK
DSHDNLQWKHDIWHUQRRQ1LJKWWLPHFRQGLWLRQVZLOOIDYRURSHQ
LQJVWRZDUGWKHVRXWKDQGWRWURSLFDODUHDVEXWVRPHRSHQ
LQJVZLOODOVREHSRVVLEOHWRRWKHUDUHDVHVSHFLDOO\GXULQJ
GD\VZLWKYHU\VWDEOHJHRPDJQHWLFFRQGLWLRQV/RRNIRUSRODU
JUD\OLQHSURSDJDWLRQLQWR$VLD
ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP
GE[HIDV! LQ 3XHEOD 0H[LFR *ULG 6TXDUH (.
$OHMDQGURZDVUHFHLYLQJWKHVHVLJQDOVIURPWKH&RORPELDQ
79FKDQQHOEURDGFDVWVRQ9+)YLDWURSRVSKHULFSURSD
JDWLRQ +H ZDV XVLQJ D WKUHHHOHPHQW ;4 TXDG DQWHQQD
7KDW¶VTXLWHWKHGLVWDQFHIRUD9+)WHOHYLVLRQVLJQDO1RWRQO\
WKDWEXWDQDORJWHOHYLVLRQKDVEHFRPHH[WLQFWLQWKH86
DQGRWKHUFRXQWULHV&DSWXULQJDQ\DQDORJWHOHYLVLRQVLJQDOV
QRZLVH[WUHPHO\UDUH
6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 
 &RQGLWLRQV DUH JHQHUDOO\ YHU\ JRRG 7KHPRQWKRI6HSWHPEHUVWDWLVWLFDOO\ EHUV<RXFDQDOVRFKHFNWKHQXPEHUV
IRUPDQ\RIWKH9+)8+)EDQGVXSWR KDV WKH OHDVW DPRXQW RI 6SRUDGLF( DW KWWSVXQVSRWZDWFKFRP! ZKHUH
0+]IRUWURSRVFDWWHUDQGWURSRV (VSURSDJDWLRQDFWLYLW\7RZDUGWKH WKLVFROXPQLVWSURYLGHVDZHDOWKRIFXU
SKHULFSURSDJDWLRQGXULQJ6HSWHPEHU HQG RI 6HSWHPEHU WUDQVHTXDWRULDO UHQWVSDFHZHDWKHUGHWDLOVDVZHOODV
ZLWKWKHDSSHDUDQFHRIGLIIHUHQWZHDWK
HUIURQWV7KLVZLOOEHWKHSULPDU\PRGH
IRUZRUNLQJXSWRPLOHV$YHU\XVH
IXO LQWHUQHW UHVRXUFH IRU YLHZLQJ
7URSRVSKHULFFRQGLWLRQVLVDYDLODEOHDW
:LOOLDP +HSEXUQ¶V ³9+) 8+)
7URSRVSKHULF'XFWLQJ)RUHFDVW´VLWHDW
KWWSJQZXVXV0IHG''!
7( SURSDJDWLRQ ZLOO EHJLQ WR RFFXU
EHWZHHQVRXWKHUQ1RUWK$PHULFDDQG
QRUWKHUQ6RXWK$PHULFD2SHQLQJVZLOO
JHQHUDOO\RFFXULQWKHODWHDIWHUQRRQWR
HDUO\HYHQLQJ
,I\RXXVH7ZLWWHUFRP\RXFDQIRO
ORZ #KIUDGLRVSDFHZ[! IRU KRXUO\
XSGDWHVWKDWLQFOXGHWKH.LQGH[QXP
OLQNV3OHDVHUHSRUW\RXUREVHUYDWLRQV
RIDQ\QRWDEOHSURSDJDWLRQFRQGLWLRQV
E\ZULWLQJWKLVFROXPQLVWYLD7ZLWWHURU
YLD WKH 6SDFH :HDWKHU DQG 5DGLR
3URSDJDWLRQ )DFHERRN SDJH DW
KWWSVIEPHVSDFHZ[KIUDGLR!
&XUUHQW6RODU&\FOH3URJUHVV
7KH 5R\DO 2EVHUYDWRU\ RI %HOJLXP
UHSRUWV WKDW WKH PRQWKO\ PHDQ
REVHUYHG VXQVSRW QXPEHU IRU -XQH
ZDV7KHPRQWKUXQQLQJ
VPRRWKHG VXQVSRW QXPEHU FHQWHUHG
RQ 'HFHPEHU  ZDV   $
VPRRWKHGVXQVSRWFRXQWRIJLYHRU
WDNH DERXW  SRLQWV LV H[SHFWHG IRU
6HSWHPEHU
7KH 'RPLQLRQ 5DGLR $VWURSK\VLFDO
2EVHUYDWRU\DW3HQWLFWRQ%&&DQDGD
UHSRUWV D FP REVHUYHG PRQWKO\
PHDQVRODUIOX[RIIRU-XQH
7KH PRQWK VPRRWKHG FP IOX[
FHQWHUHG RQ 'HFHPEHU  LV 
7KHSUHGLFWHGVPRRWKHGFPVRODU
IOX[IRU6HSWHPEHULV
7KH REVHUYHG PRQWKO\ PHDQ SODQH
WDU\$,QGH[$SIRU-XQHLV7KH
PRQWKVPRRWKHG$S LQGH[FHQWHUHG
/DVW<HDURXUPHPEHUVZRUNHGWKRXVDQGVRIKRXUVIRU RQ'HFHPEHULV
*HRPDJQHWLF DFWLYLW\ WKLV PRQWK

12 3$< VKRXOGEHPRVWO\TXLHWZLWKIDLUWRJRRG
SURSDJDWLRQ FRQGLWLRQV H[FHSW IRU
WKRVHGD\VLQGLFDWHGLQWKH/DVW0LQXWH
)RUHFDVW GXULQJ ZKLFK ZH H[SHFW
$QGWKLV\HDUDUHZHOORQWKHLUZD\WRGRLQJ GHJUDGHGSURSDJDWLRQUHPHPEHUWKDW
\RX FDQ JHW DQ XSWRWKHGD\ /DVW

(9(1025( 0LQXWH )RUHFDVW RQ WKH PDLQ SDJH DW

KWWS6XQ6SRW:DWFKFRP!
,ZHOFRPH\RXUWKRXJKWVTXHVWLRQV
DQG H[SHULHQFHV UHJDUGLQJ WKLV
:+<" IDVFLQDWLQJ VFLHQFH RI SURSDJDWLRQ
<RXPD\HPDLOPHZULWHPHDOHWWHU
%HFDXVHWKH\DUHJLYLQJEDFNWRWKHLUFRPPXQLWLHV7KH\DUH RU FDWFK PH RQ WKH +) DPDWHXU
KHOSLQJZLWKFLYLFHYHQWVPRWRULVWDVVLVWDQFH$1' 025( EDQGV,I\RXDUHRQ)DFHERRNFKHFN
RXW ZZZIDFHERRNFRPVSDFHZ[
\HVHYHQHPHUJHQFLHVDQGGLVDVWHUVLIQHHGHG KIUDGLR! DQG ZZZIDFHERRNFRP
1:86! 6SHDNLQJ RI )DFHERRN ²
FKHFNRXWDQGIROORZWKH &4$PDWHXU
&217$&7 5DGLR 0DJD]LQH IDQ SDJH DW
ZZZIDFHERRNFRP&40DJ!
5($&7 ,17(51$7,21$/ ± 7RPDV1:86

2UZULWHWR
5($&7 ,17(51$7,21$/
32%R['HSW&4
*OHQGDOH&$
5,+4#5($&7 ,QWORUJ

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

1XPEHU JURXSV DIWHU FDOO OHWWHUV :,2&     'LVWULFW .03     :*9    
GHQRWH IROORZLQJ %DQG $  DOO DQ .98     11: $    23.‘(- :&'    
231(1 .=2     .%$,     .1&4-    
DGGLWLRQDO $ LV $OO %DQG $VVLVWHG $ $*.     :%=$%     .5=     1)1(    
DIWHU HDFK EDQG LV $VVLVWHG IRU WKDW $(7     .:$     2312; :;:&6    
EDQG)LQDO6FRUH1XPEHURI462V 1*6$     .%=     .&1;     .$'.7    
DQG3UHIL[HV$QDVWHULVN EHIRUHD :)6+     1'8(     .$4     :652    
:$/3     8:%     .&*<     ..)2:    
FDOOLQGLFDWHVORZSRZHU/LQHVFRUHV .,* $    23$-0 1((,     .181'    
LQ LWDOLFV LQGLFDWH ODWH ORJ UHFHLYHG 10:4     :%%7     :%5<    
SDVW WKH GHDGOLQH &HUWLILFDWH ZLQ ::75*     19=     .49    
'LVWULFW .&'5=     :'46     1.;2    
QHUVDUHOLVWHGLQEROGIDFH1RWHWKDW :8; $    :1,     .79     :'.7)    
WKH FRXQWU\ QDPHV DQG JURXSLQJV 231';
.&$=7     .8(     :''&:    
UHIOHFWWKH';&&OLVWDWWKHWLPHRIWKH .0:     .52     179    
.9$    
FRQWHVW 23./$ .8);     .0(    
:%*1    
.&0%9     .'%:0     $&'3    
.8$    
:%1)/     :%:$-     .1:    
.6' $   
:60    
&4:::3; :.8    
.'+1  
23.-1
 
115%
1&)




 
 
114<
.'(6





 

161    
66%5(68/76 1<*
1('




 
 
1;=
.857




 
 
1-7
$$&6




 
 
.13)9
.:.








::+.     1&:     :+5/    
6,1*/(23(5$725 .'1(
1)56




 
  :$=0+     .$11     1/.%    
.-;     1$,'     .&7(2    
1257+$0(5,&$ 23.4%
:,88     .20     .10,9    
:8'7     1&1     128    
8QLWHG6WDWHV 1&8     167    
:0%&     .:0%     .:-    
'LVWULFW .%(    
:=;     :$0).     :1$)3    
./= $    .0%     :%42&     :$0    
.&.=-     .1'0    
23.-2 :.$     1(9-     .‘7&0    
11';     :%:30     1'-     .02.8    
.$$(<     .%+-.    
23:5( 1.%)     .--39     .6+5    
:$=     .0):     .)3     1-<    
14)     :6&    
$&8     .&0,2     :$77&     .&:4    
23185 23.'5' .$27%     1$5 $$   
.;1<     .&,3.    
.40     .&0/&     .441     .;/    
:;7     23:;/
:$+*:     .0,     159    
23.50 :12    
.&-33     .-</5     :*(    
.*00     231*&
19).     19&     .,(    
::()     .;$    
1$7(     .%6%     .&$(    
.92,     .80 $   
$-',     .)08     :.:    
.%,)     $&5/    
.&(:-     .$+27     .9,3    
:%$(/     114'    
..8     $.94     12.    
.0.     :;.    
.$(1(     19<=     :./<     .3==    
:*;=     :'‘)<9     12(    
.&4-%     10$    
:2+0     :%&*     1':    
$%7&     :$93    
.'9/     1&$%     .%%+    
107*     :-;    
$$2     .',60     .‘/8=    
.&$%     :5/2    
111     1&8     .*0&    
:60     :$4$8     .755    
17,     .%/,;     1$:     :%+5/    
:&6     23.:, .3,    
.4) $    .&*     14( $$   
19.     $$%     1/=     :<(    
23.;0 .-4+/     1)&    
.5$     1%(*     .5$    
.;:     1:<     .08     23:9,&
23./-7
.666     .=8     $*:     .:/6    
1$/2    
:-$1     .::     :,3&     .(/,    
./2/    
.&3'2     .0'     :,.1     :0)    
$%(3    
$&2&     .33     $%%     .$)(    
$..    
:%.:&     .:-9     15$$ $    .097(    
./.    
.&-6     1('     2311% .2<4    
.&(52    
:$%.     :.<0     .$*,.     $$/6     :07    
:$/$'     .9;     23:),= .1(:,     1-8<    
.:&&     .'67     :*0     :70     1*8    
.*9     .&-54     23:)9 .4/$     .*9    
16)(     .-*+1     10;     $,'%     :3*    
./((     .&93(     :'/7     1;/     .(.0*    
:=)*     .&/<.     :&1     :635     .$558    
.07'     :(%     :<5     .&-1:     146    
$%=4     .')*/     :/<-     17=     :;6.<    
$%:*     ..8     .-')     :$,38     .00:    
.0-0     :%5     .'7%     :'+7     .(<2*    
.*&,+     23:0)7 1)5     .36     16;    
:$.,     :(+     1=5     :')     .43/    
:(6$;     :$:     .(*.     .64&     :0<    
:$7(     231*0 1<3-     .62     100    
:*+'     :<:     1<%     .)(.$     :4.    
.$90*     :%(9&     1$/1     .)-:     1$-    
:0-     105     .=:     167     :;:    
.&)2=     :$-4.     1153     .0)     $%=    
124&     .'&4     .*861     :.$=     :<<    
::+     1&: $$    .8&     1:$(     $%77    
13$8     23.6) 1$0     .109=     .09(1    
.:5     :&/     1(.     .)72     1'9    
:$1     23:*'- .&.23     :5,     $$;*    
.$*'4     :$)=%     :000     $,*5     23:$7/
:,.     :2;     :*36     1%$     :*4    
1'&     .&/5&     .$<-0     11<5     .*0    
1&(2     19:     15'     .05.7     19/.    
$&(2     .5(7     ::&     .‘02     .0+4(    
.&,(%     :27     .)%     .&<5.     :1*,9 $   
:7('     .)(     1;=     .0+4/     231%3
$%-     :$0&5     .22     .05     .0+, $   
.5$5 $$    1081     .71     1-$+     :-' $   
231(( .5%     .5/     .-$20     .0*    
:+6     .5%     .$%(     :$-$     152    
.$5     15&     :28     1.%     :,(    
1%1     :%3-+     1,91     .:*)     1(3    
.$<4&     11.;     .7()     :$30$     .<</    
.60     .19     $%&9     $/%$:     .=:    
.5&:     .$1=     1.< $    $(0     .:: $   
23:&71 :265     :,&0     .=0     1<2    
153     :-9     .$8     $$‘2     :8‘% $$   
:;6     .580     23.<:( 1&:3     $)7    
:3()     122     :// $    .*(     :6::    
1(%     :%195     :12     1‘.2(     ..$'4    
.'-     1%6     1+(( $$    .+*     .6%=    
:;‘=     :$'1,     128     :-+&3     .0,$-    
.-%     $.6     1'5/     .=5     .*,*&    
13*$     :$$)6     1:0&     .'<''     :-;    
:(%,     :$5*<     .&+;)     ..+8.     231;/
:-%     :--     :)$     :$)7&     .02'6    
1)5     :$8%.     .0$:     .133'     1=7    
176     10((     :,*&     $*,     .;)5    
23:,= :5* $    :5&2     :/:*     .;%,    
:*'     :,57 $    .%5<0     .14.:     1'&    
.9-     1<'; $$    .(-     :75     :63&    
1),     164:     1-,;     1--     1%)5    
$%;;     .98     :$<:0     $,44     ..5    
:-5     .6*     .1$     :0%;     .-0    
.*( $    :&&&     .%.     :(70     .;%    
.%: $    23.&6 16' $    :5&:     .1';7    
155     .40)     .*23     1%44    
./( $    :06$     1&0,     18$    
1*5 $$    .'-2(     'LVWULFW $.45     ./'&    
23:4. .&:8)     :=) $    .(4&0     .&'3)    
:21     .&265     23.$% .<*     :-88    
$$:     $)0     15;     .;26     .*:.    
1$3,     .'(30     231<'8 :$207     :$(08    
:$5<     :522     $$$4     .'40<     :6(+    
:'<-     190     23.39 .1.,.     1(7&    
.:';     :$6& $    1)$     .)=1/     $&0*    
.75     .%85, $    23131 .:30     :7$'    

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 $-/1     .89     :$.+.     ::.(     :3',    
:1<     14%     $*$8     .78-     :$<9)    
.&&0;     $*62     23:5+ :$85-     11;    
$'<4     .‘10     :5&     :52     180    
.9%0     16-     .52     .9=     $$6:    
:5/%     :)0+     :+<,     .,8,1     :0(7    
:/$1     23))35 :,;     :%.(     .(<    
$$;$ $    1.$(     $*$*     .062     $&13    
23+.$ :‘($     .74     .7;     :%-8,    
:$5+:     180     144     :$&3$     .(*''    
.;98     .,00 $$    :19     .$=7     .($61    
.)*7$     $*:     .5,0     :57&     :,:'    
:$)&1 $    :$/)'     $*5/     :.$)     19,&    
$$13     .‘<$     23:65' .-6*     1)</    
.05.     1(:     1*(2     .,3<+     :;-    
./*;     15&     .,654     :'1    
'LVWULFW 1&+$     :02%     .$0%     .%-'3    
.:$ $    .9:     .:9     :/'7     .%$7    
11-     :'‘*7<     .'/%     :01     1)0    
23.*2 :7&%     $*$<     .3&%     $%<.    
$';'     .=3     :79;     .,-/.     .$6%,    
:52     12):     :7.     .,351     .'260    
.%.<;     .707     .;0     11$9     .'2')    
.9-     .699     ..0     1..     1.'    
$,6)     :7-6     1*2 $$    1.=     .('$&    
.5;     :$:)( $    23.*+$ :7;     .(/8(    
.09     .,; $    :75     .'707     10.<    
.'-5<     23.+7- .+.5     .94    
.%:::     'LVWULFW $'6)     .')4,     :/5-    
:7+7     127 $    125%     .0(6     :*;    
./$'     23.,551 1-1/     :96     13(1    
:$'66     :7.     :,)1     .66     .(-1/    
.7%$     1)$     .(45     .8&: $$    .&(7:    
$'0'     23.;; .'+2)     .$%,0     .'5    
1''     1-6     .,&6     .,4'+     :0- $$   
.(&'(     .()7     11=,     1&0     1%,    
188$     11';     $*-$     :&;;     .0$0    
.<0     23:35 $(3/     1*0     .-7    
.,%     .-$7     1;7     :$$1     1&:8    
.$9<     .‘$8     23:4; 23.'5 :*10    
:5&*     1%8     138&     159'     .')6    
.32     231=)2 .,6&7 $    .%$=     .$*    
::,     ./51     1(07     15$    
:(75     :-%5     'LVWULFW .1.     .<(    
.*,3$     :8;     .:< $    .-4     .(/    
.*759     .)*     23.5/ 189+     .*4    
.*6(5     $%8     15';     $$9     :-:1    
.)156     23:5.& 23159 :5,6     1*$6    
.=00     :$05.     1*3     .9,7     :.;    
23:35 17)     $&6     1555     :$& $   
:'.     1.$     .+3     .*6     .)0=    
18$     :;.     :8-     .(:     1'( $$   
23.*1 :%+9:     18-     .:3     1(9    
.&5*4     $-9     .$%9     .*4;(     :6.    
1,7     :8(     .672     :&2     .%=:7    
$%(%     231$1 .67     .%+';     .9=<    
239.)< .3$'     $**3     :&$5     :.68    
::(     .(/(     :%%%4     .4$     .$-6 $   
1;0     :$85<     ..&2     .,<    
.)89 $    .+0%     23:21 1$8     'LVWULFW
:$62*     15'     $*.2     ..3:     1'* $   
.;8     .0)$.     $';*     1$20     :6:    
.*/53     1$$     .*3     .(*),     :(9    
.'-     :'30     :'(     .(6:     1$86    
:%7.,     1.2     :*;     .,,0$     231*+
1:4     1,&     $,/<     :2$7     .;1    
1'77     :)%     1/5     .(*     .*:6    
.0-9     1;,     .'‘3<)     :51 $    ..*0    
:38)     :$)$     1'6;     23.5& :,=    
.'60     .0,     .(9%     .):56     :1=    
.).:2     :1. $    .%1     .%4)( $    .&(24    
.*7.)     $(<%     1;&=     :=7 $$    :$1    
:'&$<     .()4&     1('     10=:     .'0',    
:3..     .4&%     :8:     1=8)     :6(    
.,%)4     .:'(     :94     :20     .*1    
1+'     1-15     .+90     :$‘:::     .6+    
.*:='     .&(,     .'9,.     .)'85     11%&    
.')%$     :%.%=     $.0*     :$<;<     .6. $   
.&4<     .'506     $'=-     :%2%     2317=
.*1     .(07     :$80     $(':     1==    
.8<     1'58     $'2*     .%$.     1(0    
.53     15(.     ./7)     :48     23:4/
.0):     1*3     :21     .-.0     .2‘=    
.(<+     .$&9     154     :$6+3     1,7%    
.<0     .,<$$     178     1*9     .'*<    
13%3     189     23.66 1;: $    16-    
:<<$     .'&     :38     231)/7 1/<(    
.&'&7     .08*     :$‘3)&     :‘%) $    .58    
$$$+     :%.'+     :)'     .;& $    .(8$    
$%.0     1=(     .&%%     :%+).    
$)&&     .&6/     .0<     'LVWULFW :7&    
.):9-     .03+%     .,'*     1$9 $    :5/    
1;9=     ./'4     .-&;<     1%-4     .'(56    
:%.     ..9/2     1,5 $    :1+&9     $&72    
.7:%     $,'*     $&*/     23:*3 .''%4    
:;1$     .0.-,     $$79     .55     1:(:    
.'.:     .)=<'     :$1:/     :$5&1     .%2=,    
.*<29     .$$,     .%./7     .$2     .'0,)    
:%---     .)1&;     .3$&     :5$$     $&71    
.0&     .'*:+     $*$$     23.=- .(/)    
.'$)6     1/*$     :86     .7/&     :'&,5    
:&8<     .0+%+     .()     1+0*     :%%:3    
.,&8;     $',     $&6*     $)&     111    
.*<*5     :5*6     .5=     .%=     .'$5'    
1<%*     .-59.     1/'     .$&=<     .&:20    
1--     .3'/     19=8     .'71)     .&42-    
18'(     .-/'1     .-*     :063     .9(5    
231.) ..9=(     .*782     .'1.<     .(*6    
.=2+     .09+'     .(*.,     .($:     .&4)+    
:&60     .;(     17&2     :%2     :75*    
:1$/     150     :-+5     .))     .&984    
:'$&     :$%10     .74     ./;     .&<'9    
.0.6     .%%4     :27/     :*2&     1+:9    
.)7;8     15=     1(68     1'';     .%'3)    
.*2,%     $*9+     .,);-     162     1;<    
1'1     :(&     .%8<     .3*- $    .'(27    
.&‘/)4     1%+;     .%$%-     1,,     .:39    
.98/     .63'     .*'$%     1*/6     .&3/    
.,$;*     .5,1     :%7-,     .$7*     175    
179 $$    .$$     108     :-0=     .'.+9    
.)$     :===     :6<     $%28     :7'3    
.//$     ..3 $$    $&$)     :1:*     124&    
15=     1-*     1,7<     :$6$     :,/<    
./6     2310+ ..0$     1*%     .*<    
..-     1-9     :<7)     :%74=     .%6    
.8$     1:3     $$($     $$'&     :0%$    
:*1     23:..1 136     :%6'$     .'0'2    
::=     :(=     .1‘:     .-7     .&9<;    
:*6     $)6$     $)1;     1:&3     :'+%)    
1;-     186     .,.:(     1%9     .$2    
:'+-)     23.,- .365     :.12     1%- $$   
1+&     :,$     ./2.     $$:+     $&6    
:$/;6     .00     .$86     17&3     :78    

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

.1:
:$9








12‘/
$.‘05








9(,91
9((+








$)5,&$ 5(7
50,




 
 
:,,;     .‘-3/     9(-6     &DQDU\,VODQGV 59.    
1'5     .7::‘     9$'%6     ($'*6 $    5862    
:3$     $(/     9$5&1     ($20 $    8$0:    
.00     :%8)2‘     9$0'     23'-2- 5=:$    
.%,=     $'‘7$     9(&6; $$    (%$&     5=<1    
1:.     .‘-0 $    9(/%     ($2*     8$608    
.75<     .(‘,7& $$    9(,.5     ($$49     5&$5    
:%7)+     .‘&1     9(636 $$    ($0‘%&7     8$0$ $$   
1*81     :*07‘     ($'('     8$&$:    
.&%*     .%‘+3     'LVWULFW 232+%3 5:&4    
.(‘<,     .‘$(     9(95 $    ((.     52$    
.''=7     :$-0‘     9$67     23($$9 505=    
1/4     .,8     9$*,     (&$44     8$&77    
.&- $    $'‘=&     9$51     (%$+ $$    587    
.=2     .‘&9     9%5     23($50 5$9    
:74 $$    1(‘1     239$55 ($'6%     5$$$$ $   
..(     $$‘$: $    9(-+ $    ($0‘(';$    5/$    
:$/(<     $$‘$, $    9(%15     ($%*2 $    8*&    
18$     .‘/$)     9(&.)     235:';
1.7     1‘$* $    9$33/     &HXWD 0HOLOOD 5$( $   
.3*     9(%*3     ()= $$    8$/$2    
:94     9$'%-     23($/= 5:';    
15(     $ODVND 9(1$     57$    
18'2     ./.. $    9(.&<     *KDQD 5/0    
.&*)5     1/9     9()( $$    *+2     5.'0    
.$*':     $//2     9($+7     23*6$ 5$< $   
.97     1/6 $$    9(&1:     578    
:2%     $/.& $    9(<$+     .HQ\D 8$5 $$   
15.     ./2% $$    9(*/ $    =/=10 $$    5983    
:-$     ./<(     9(&07 $    5.8(    
./&     9$%(& $$    0DGHLUD,VODQGV 5=82    
$(//     %DUEDGRV 9(6;0     &4-     5*8    
:',*<     3: $    9$=0     23&70' 57<7    
17*5 $    9(.$-     &5'; $$    8$-)+    
1-&0 $    %HOL]H 2320*, 5&,    
.0&.     9$; $    'LVWULFW &7+)     235,5
239($;7 9<‘(5& $$    &7): $    58<)    
90$     239(.7% 8$&8$ $   
'LVWULFW‘ 993 $    0DXULWDQLD 58$&    
.‘77 $    'LVWULFW
23:%‘7(9 73$ $$    5$0    
.3$‘     9(&% $   
1:<‘     55$ $   
1,‘.     &DQDGD 9($$     0RURFFR 58,    
9(717 $    &1&2 $   
1:‘0     'LVWULFW 9(81% $    235$&2
$'‘+     9(64 $    239((;
'LVWULFW‘
&10$$     5&‘$ $   
1‘$'     92&53    
&1$0 $$    235$‘$0
:‘(77     9$-21     &RVWD5LFD &16* $    8$‘';    
$%‘6     92=$3     7,2< $    &13 $    5$‘/02    
.%‘(2     92,'; $$    7,&&     23&11. 5:‘%*    
.0:0‘     7,'.    
.-‘,     'LVWULFW 7,:03     1DPLELD
51‘&7    
1‘(+;     9(*62 $    7,37 $    5‘$$    
9::     8$‘65    
:'‘%06     9$&2    
1‘:5.     9<=0     &XED 5HXQLRQ,VODQG
8$‘68 $   
$'‘$%     9$.=     &29'' $    5:‘80    
)547 $    5.‘60    
1‘.(     9&: $$    &2+=    
.92‘     239$:$ &26-     8&‘/    
&-&=     &0()/    
6HQHJDO 5&‘&%    
.‘7&     :68    
1‘7(.     239$&= &2$:     5$‘/(    
1<‘$     9$45     &26*     5‘4$)    
9(6&$     &25+    
6LHUUD/HRQH 5$‘8-    
.3<‘     /<;- $$   
.&‘887     9(7'7     &0101     8$‘$    
.%‘<+     9(&-5 $$    &2/%     8$‘$;;    
9(*7     &2:1    
6RXWK$IULFD 58‘$ $$   
:‘&&-     =5$ $   
.'‘4*     &/+&     5:‘$    
=6+5    
1&‘%     'LVWULFW &25%' $   
=679%    
235=‘$,
:7‘';     9%( $    51‘$    
=6=    
:50‘     239($7 'RPLQLFDQ5HSXEOLF 23=62,1
5<‘$    
.0&1‘     9((-     +,3$3 $    8$‘=&    
=66 $    58‘//    
:,‘:$     9('=    
=61)    
23:‘(:' &-&&2     *XDGHORXSH =66$0    
5.‘87    
1*‘& $    239(.= )*.+ $    57‘) $   
=6(&     5'‘$    
.<‘.     9(27/     23)$66
1'‘76     9(7:     )**3     50‘)    
9(.3     )*2-    
7XQLVLD 50‘: $   
:=‘:     966    
.%)/‘     9(07     5;‘$(    
23.)(<<
:‘<-7     9(*1,     *XDWHPDOD 8$‘6( $$   
9$)3     7*$1) $    5‘$6    
$)‘(    
9(+0 $    7*$'0 $$   
8JDQGD
$&(*‘     ;%    
1‘+'5     9$1:     $VLDWLF7XUNH\
:$‘/,)     9(667     +RQGXUDV 7$&6 $   
.‘23     9(0+
9(;16




 
 
:0,/+5 $
+4''/ 






$6,$ 7$%6
7$'(




 
 
.‘.5     $VLDWLF5XVVLD
9(91     7$5*    
.‘($3    
.(‘0+-     9(..4     0DUWLQLTXH 'LVWULFW 7$/.&    
9(0*<     )0)+3;     50, $    7$0$ $   
:‘2-:     )0$1 $$    7$/3    
9('10     8'3    
:‘5(:     )0+1 $$    7$-8    
9((7(     235$3
1‘(*     7$3=    
9$)1     576    
.(‘,$$     0H[LFR 7$35    
9('/+     507    
.$‘.9:     ;(7 $    7$%6    
9()+     58&&    
1‘$;=     ;(1%/     587     7$(3    
9$'./    
.&‘959     ;(;     2357$ 7$‘$&/    
9(3<-    
:;$/‘     ;(-6 $    5=:8     7$/</    
9$9'0    
1<‘01     9$$&     ;(-76     58$     7$0+=    
.‘-3     9(&; $$    ;($8     5$%     7$2+0    
.'‘:84     &./5/     ;(8)     5=<,     7$7&    
1‘=72     239(/5/ ;(7)9     5://     7$/++ $   
:‘5%)     9$52&     ;(2.     8$$8     7$5& $$   
.'‘:$1     9$::     ;(6 $    5/<     7$2+.:    
.-‘3     9$0:     5-8     232+.:
$(‘)2     9(0,6 $    3DQDPD 54$     7$2/6    
:‘1)6     239(&:8 +3$/;     238$%$ 7$62    
:%‘++0     9(+('     +3%:- $    5*$     7$(/ $   
.&‘0-<     9(9< $$    +3$))     511    
.(‘006     9$:%     +30$&     5;&0     %DKUDLQ
1‘.$,     9()=     +35,6     59&;     $*5    
1‘:.5     9$1*(     +3*'6     5&'     $$ $   
.(‘3&,     9(;.=     5$-%$     23$$$
.(‘+/&     9$$+4     3XHUWR5LFR 5/&    
.&‘)8(     9(0='     .37; $   5::     &DPERGLD
.‘($     9(+* $    23.335 5:7     ;8$.-    
15‘'     .3/+    5&%    
.(‘672     'LVWULFW 23.3/5 5;8.)     &KLQD
:$6:1‘     9(($ $    :3*:     5:)     %$47 $   
.‘$5*     9(97 $    :3,59     5)& $    %$0&    
:8‘4     &.(9     :35)     2359&%: %'%7    
.%*,$‘     239((9 :300     5&7     %*:5-    
:$‘0+- $$    9(9-5 $$    13$:     5&=$     %*‘%$&    
:=<‘     .3-)5     8''     %*7)1 $   
:‘0%     'LVWULFW :38;     5$&&.     %+-)5    
.‘.;     9(); $    :3; $$    5/,     %'.8(    
.‘8.     9(=&     2313= 8$689     %*6;&    
.‘9;8     9$.0* $    :36.     8,&     %*,1.    
.‘75/     9('/&     135$     8%4$$     %*,/    
.‘5-:     9(*&     :3'; $$    23544 %+6&&    
.‘$5<     9(0; $$    23.3:. 5$8$'     %*.&4    
$.‘%&     137;     8$-17     %+5:-    
1‘88     'LVWULFW 5:$,     %*:18    
1.%‘     9(''' $    869LUJLQ,VODQGV 5&6&     %*2)    
1‘$7     9()7     133 $$    5=8     %*.(4    
1‘$-1     9((; $    23177$ 5$6'7     %'9.    

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 %'%:     -)/0%     -$(%7 $    81*0 $    $QGRUUD
%**7/     -+&79     -(8+9     813*     &$& $   
%$$%     --9)(     -30)9     81=$) $$    &/. $   
%'&-+     -$,$:     -5-5,     814    
%$%$     -$8;9     -$3)<     238$= $XVWULD
%*%57     -5,-9     -$2=     8137 $    2(+ $   
23%*%5* -.89/     -3.3-     232(7.:
%'&2     -$*+5     -+*0,     .\UJ\]VWDQ 2(+:)    
%*1.;     -$%3$     -$+.5     (;0$7 $    2(=    
%+6<3     -*78&     -,%*%     (;$<     232(0%*
%,6'7     -(5;-     -$-5,     2(++% $   
%$00     -$$)5     -),<:     0RQJROLD 2(&:23    
%*631     .*85     -*;'5     -7$$ $    2(..3    
%*()'     -.1-+     -+-6-     2(53/    
%',$/     -.:6+     -$.'-     2JDVDZDUD 2(33$    
%+//3     -.+,<     -/'4;     -'%,$     2(:%6    
%+,:.     -$,6-     -10;7 $$    2((55    
%'74;     -61'0     -33=*     2PDQ 2(;$:    
%,&6<     -(/);     -2''' $    $11 $$    2(,-/    
%+50)     -+($4 $    -$929 $    2(00' $$   
%$%)     -4%9,     -.16' $    4DWDU 2(,'(    
%$'/ $$    -+)18     -/98/ $$    $$(     2(-6/    
%<$6     -$%-,     $(0 $$    2(6 $$   
%,:5,     --(1=     'LVWULFW $$ $    232(9(/
23%*;' -(55.     -+8<% $    23$*0 2('/,$6    
%,5)6     -$*/(     -$%(9     23'/,$6
%'3;0     -+$3=     -59(9     5HSXEOLFRI.RUHD 2(72$ $   
%'&% $    -):17     -*$./     +/=((     2(0'%    
%')).     -54%$     -,:+6 $    '‘/: $   
%*40 $    -5/(9     -+075     23+/9$8 %DOHDULF,VODQGV
%+3)+     -5-5:     -(0+/     +/=,,     (&'; $   
%+.2. $$    -,56)     -$*=.     +/,:'     ($$09 $$   
%,;'7     -+8%.     -5/5<     +/$6=     ($$00 $   
%+$6=     -$6&(     -(851     +/,8*0.   
%'47     -+‘526     -+)8)     23,8*0. %HODUXV
%*1-<     -$&5-     -$(1<     +/'$$     (:: $   
%*%$$     -$-10     -+&(6     +/$02     (:';    
%*55-     -$%'     -+873 $    +/&)1     (:/1    
%*2$     -$&+<     -$$45 $    +/&(/ $$    (:7=    
%$9(     -)232     -0:8= $    +/<, $    (8::    
%,9;; $    -+(<0     23(8:
%+-82 $    -)':-     'LVWULFW 6DXGL$UDELD (:/0 $   
%*:20     -,)/%     -)6,0 $    +=77 $    (87/    
%<:/     -,/$,     -++'$     =,6 $    (8$$    
23%'6+9 -.165     -+0;% $    +=/*     (:''&    
%'5'8     -/&1<     +=99     (8';    
%+77(     -$3&0     'LVWULFW +=*7     (:'.    
%+51; $    -$0<:     -(530 $    232*. (8$    
%+28)     -)29$     23-+*+0 +=7/ $$    (:= $$   
%'54 $    -5$.'     -$(0/     +=+=     23(8$
%,9,3     -$5<&     -*65%     +=),     (95    
184&     -(&0*     23'/50& (8( $   
-$'%*     -$&'&     +=6. $    (:0 $   
&\SUXV =6-    
--3,*     -$/&-     (:3 $$   
&: $   
-+++3     -$:)0 $    (:0=    
23%:1 -3(9'     -$&95     6LQJDSRUH (:&    
-5868     -$37+     9;; $    (:%$ $   
*HRUJLD -50(*     -$214     (:*/ $   
/‘$ $    -(*:2     7DLZDQ
-+6&$     %:-*:%% $   
238%. -(*=%     -((7=     %HOJLXP
/0     %:-,1/-    
-)995     -(39*     25) $   
-**&2     %;$*) $   
-$)&/     %8(&     21&/    
+RQJ.RQJ -2-.+     -5&6<     21+/8    
95;</     %:-/5'&$$   
-<$'     -665<     27/    
95&2     23-)7(8 23-/5'&
-+4,/ $    %;$& $$    21$7    
95(+     -+5'8     21&23    
2395=4= --37.     %8(3    
'LVWULFW %93'     21*4    
95+.     -(63<     -$$&0 $    244    
-$*=.     %994    
-*$0'     %9$$ $    2109    
,QGLD -5(02 $$    -55=.     21$5 $   
985&7 $    .939     -$19)     211'    
-5%$6    
7KDLODQG
98=0.     -$49,     ($ $    216$7    
98,99     -43&7 $    -+;02     23((,& 27(    
98/2&     -+$&$ $    -$%(: $    +665+     213+    
98<4     -+2$,     -$+<6     21,$    
(‘3)( $   
7$ $    -17+/     -$.('     +6=/'     219+)    
2398(/5 -$):6     -3*58     (‘6-&     21/2    
98*50     -$/1= $    -.%(-     +63,.     21/03    
98.:-     1*,%     -3246     21$7    
(88:    
98280     -).:* $$    -2.0%     +6/6(     23‘-    
98('8     -$/.< $    -+574 $$    ()<.     2321*)
986,2     -$*4& $    -)3+(     21.&< $$   
+6/&,    
983<&     -,'*:     -$2:' $    (-+;     21/5    
98-26     -,%'4     -$*<3 $    219'9    
(‘:8( $$   
986;/     -+66- $$    +6‘=(' $    26$ $   
98%=7     'LVWULFW -$=3     +6+(; $    21=$ $$   
98:<%     -1$0' $    +60<: $$    25$    
98,6+     -5307     'LVWULFW +6-:+     2321&&
98/06     -$9+2     -$,-, $    +6-.<     211/    
98&:%     -5%&)     -$7*'     +69:     21'8    
98%27     -$.3:     -(..; $    (‘++. $   
985*%     -+%70     -.3%2     +6;93 $    %RVQLD+HU]HJRYLQD
982;+     -)),8     -$+%2     (<'3 $    ('; $   
98722     -*5(-     -+5;0     (8    
9872     -+..:     -$&2( $$    8QLWHG$UDE(PLUDWHV (;    
987:-     -$.4(     $=;     ($= $   
9886*     -56&-     'LVWULFW $&5 $    (5%    
98:%%     -*5)- $    -$/-6     $). $$    (($    
989%.     -+;4<     -$&&*     (‘$%    
98;,2     -$*+3     -+&(1 $    :HVW0DOD\VLD (*    
9821(     -6'/5     -$(-*     0:$1 $    (8.    
9816/     .0$*     -$*(:     00';     (36    
98+3*     -14<1     -$/1=     0&.7 $    ($;    
980<+     -$..$     -)-76 $$    23:08/ (4    
988,     -/2*=     -+'5/     0)8/     ((((    
98<9. $$    -$43'     07';     23(&'
98'('     -+-18     'LVWULFW‘ 0&.0     (&9    
98,%,     -$+13     -$‘&/% $    23:+;3 (%$    
98&3/     -50,2     -$‘*&<     :*((     (5    
$7$ $$    -+89%     -+‘,//     05$6     (((    
2398;( -$9.8     -$‘%-< $    0<';     (7    
$70 $    -(%20     -5‘*;$     0&30     (‘($ $   
239808' -+*=<     -$‘9)1     2301$/ (,: $   
--&-% $$    --‘-;2     :6$)     (($    
,VUDHO -$;&5     -+‘(3,     :-67    
=/< $    -)2=+     -$‘$96     :-4'     %XOJDULD
;,0     -+);.     --‘-0/ $$    :$'9     /=*( $   
;‘$     -$)60     -$‘*&, $    :6);     /=99'    
23;9) -$;<2 $    :%'*     /=*8    
=$. $    -);*)     .D]DNKVWDQ :*=+     /=5)    
=81     -5:/4     81* $    :6$1     23/=<(
== $$    -$+<' $    81):     :%;1     /=<(    
23;'; -)9$; $    814)     0'';     /=‘0 $   
83‘/     :*,'     23/=6;
-DSDQ 'LVWULFW 2381/: 0=$. $    /=6'    
'LVWULFW -$426 $    810     :9,5 $    /=38%    
--43) $    -$,%8     810%+ $    /=3;    
-$:4'     -+2;0     83‘$3     /=3:    
-(%0-     -$,-:     2381*9 (8523( /=7/    
-5:<:     -).&+     81/9     $ODQG,VODQGV /=%    
-+0'-     -$/(=     81*' $    2+‘5 $$    23/='3
-5-&%     -$/,/     81( $    232+30 /=9    
-$))%     -55,8     81*     2+‘9 $    /=-$    

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 /=($     2=*2/     (XURSHDQ5XVVLD 8'& $    '/+%4    
/=';     2=9     5$'5     '-$$    
/=( $$    3; $$   
'LVWULFW 5$):$     '/:$    
5:&: $   
23/=%( 232=(7$ 5$+%6     '55*'    
59&&    
/=<     2=60     5$$&;     23'/(&4
576    
23/=8 2=*11 $    516&     '//0    
8$&85 $   
/=3/     2=.90 $$    5)(7     '/<&)    
5,/    
/==<     2=08     5&8     '/'7/    
235='
/=&5,     3=     5:7     '//;    
5*$    
/=''     2=.,+     8$&41     '5‘',*    
8$'    
/=%-     5$&     23'/%4$
8$)    
/=5 $    (QJODQG 5'7    
5)&-     '-.:    
23/=%% 0. $    5:1:     '/$2%    
50%    
/== $$    230‘6'9 5866     '0% $   
8%$+<    
/=-4     0‘811     8$$&3     23'*,05
512    
/=$$     0‘.3'     5,%     '..&    
5$,    
/=36 $    *6&7     8$6-2     '/0+-    
5%%/    
/=4=     0;‘61%     5$/%6     '-+:    
5&$9    
/=-8 $    23*69. 5$/     ')‘%9    
5'$+ $$   
*3:2     5$)87     23'/0$-
5‘11    
&RUVLFD *1    
235:71
5-3 $$    '%$+    
7.5% $    23*)0& 5/)     '/‘1*    
5&:    
7.5&     0‘++*     5/$     23'.1&
8%'    
*7     5$6$7     '/-6    
518 $   
&UHWH 23*9*=
8&$    
8$&     '),6    
69&2/ $    0‘0-$     5::=     '*0/$    
51$2    
0‘0&9     570     '/9;    
&URDWLD 0‘%7=     8') $    '06%    
$$ $    *:3'     'LVWULFW 8$&&     '/‘$)8*    
23$81 *+ $    57. $    8$&1- $$    23'-‘%)6
$&9* $    *=5(     57&     8&,     '/'51    
23$2,$ (‘3/$     2359)) 5::$ $    '''5    
$'26     *‘&     5;$     58/0     '/)(    
$9;     23*‘&(5 5&=     5:=     '.‘%0    
$(-=     0‘&8.     567     8$:$8     23'.&+
$$/&     0==)     57+     '2&6    
$60     0‘*.&     5*%     'LVWULFW '2(0$    
$+=     0‘745     8$8%7     5.. $    '267    
$6=     *))1     50$     8$/&1     '.:8    
$'=     0‘$8*     5&$     5&$     '+';3    
$3     *(,;     58;<     8$*2 $    '/+%    
$&=.     0.&,     5$1&     50&     '$‘‘7)    
$==     0‘:+3     8$&     590     23'/8*1
$$$ $$    0‘3.=     5';     5'%7     '//60    
$<     *19;     5.$:     5-$     ')5,    
$&)5 $    *31&     8$%/ $    8,$     '-183    
23$12 (‘(90     520     8$+/1     '/5%    
$5 $    (‘:&*     5$'$'     5/%.     '+8=    
$$' $$    0‘;/7     5$55     5='     '/*2    
$)     0*2;     595     5.9$     '0$:0    
$'-;     0‘,+7     235995 5$/,6     '),;    
$&$1     *%((     8$<&=     5',5     '//6:    
$0$ $    (‘*7'     8$5..     8$$6(     '5:    
$% $    (‘,+;     5$$$     5.<     23'/&%
$77 $    **+'     8$'9%     5',3     '-*(    
0%&0     5$;,     5&.<     '/*&(    
&]HFK5HSXEOLF 0‘-1'     5=&$     513     '*($'    
2.2$ $    0*//     5$'43     508     '):)    
2.(4     0-5%     538     5&8 $$    '0&%    
2.:     *0     5;9)     5$*:     '+:%    
2.;&     23*3/( 8$=     58.     ')'5    
2.'(=     00     5='-8     5$)     '-'2    
2.0%3 $    230‘311 5$4     8%$     ''0$    
2/5     0‘66.     5.9     2350$$ '.+(    
232.9:. *<5=     8**     8$$57     '/=8    
2.%5;     0‘26$0     5-)     5&$ $    ''23    
2.6*<     (‘)7;     53,4     5;.     '/(0$    
2.30$     0‘21+     5<$2     5&<$ $    '/-:8    
2.%/8     *‘&3$     5'$:     5/0 $$    '26$    
2.7&     0‘51:     8%'45     500     '.<'    
2.8//     *<     5/&     8$<1     '/7*    
2.%-     230‘1&* 8$$%-     8$*)     ')%0    
2.0.8     0‘3/;0     51=     5;7     '/09    
2.1     *‘0%$     51=--     5.8     '/+$,    
2.$.     */     5$'*+     571     '0'/*    
2.1<'     23*/+- 59<5     57';     '/$:,    
2.723     0‘%-/     8$(8:     5$'7     '/95*    
2.'9$     *4 $$    5.(     8$/84 $    '/‘*(/    
2.54     23*5;4 5;')/     '/0+    
2.3)0     0‘9&%     599/     'LVWULFW '%)7    
2/0     *5783     5(/     8$;0& $    '-+5    
2.7'     *=*&     5;$30 $$    8$;)     '/')    
2.&/'     0‘5,8     50'$     5&)     '/$;    
2.76     *8     508     57; $    '.=(    
2.',.     23*‘8*2 235885 5&;     '/'<    
2.7)+     *‘071     5&&     5$)(/     '/'%3    
2.$%8     *550     58$     5;9     '',8    
2.3%*     0‘515 $    5;1     5$;6/     '2$;    
2.001     *= $    235;: 5:;8     '0$%    
2.)8     *390 $$    500     5;= $$    '/=:*    
2.%-.     07     2350= 8$).+ $    ')7%    
2.;%)     23*‘.<6 577     ')82    
2.-2.     *3     5&)/     '/$/    
23*<33 5.,7     (XURSHDQ7XUNH\ '))0    
2.99     7$$3, $   
2.1)3     (‘&91     5.0     '/)%    
0‘3*;     5)8     7$%; $    '.((    
2/‘: $$    7$/+-    
232.'6= 0$;     54;     '+';    
*,')     5$24     7$$--     '.()    
2.;''     7$&0    
2.'2<     0(7/     5*$3     '/&:    
(‘8';     5:'8 $    7$(' $    '/-3)    
2.$$    
2/: $    *3')     5/$     ')<&    
2/= $    0;‘21/     5$- $    )HG5HSRI*HUPDQ\ '':$    
232.39) 0‘$$3     5:;=     '-0: $    '&5,    
2/& $    0.9.     5877     '/‘+0.     '*65    
2.'-     *; $    5=00 $    23')+1 '/2(&4)    
2.7$ $$    23*)-. 52) $$    '30     '0.&    
2.2.     0‘;,,     238$)4 23'.,3 '/=3    
2/<     *-)6     5==     '//$%     '-7.    
2.. $    09)7     5$/     '/=$     '/)%    
232.;2( ()96 $    5$83     ')5*     '/‘*(2    
2.7 $    230‘+20 5&*%     '*,8     23'/<$.
232.:&) (‘85'     8$3,     '/5,&     '/572    
2/5 $    0%,5 $    8$<&;     23'.20 '/78    
2.$<     0;%$( $    5/7     ')‘',*     '.‘/5    
2.< $    23*390 58.     23'+3$/ 23'/<$.
232.37= 56$ $    '.&4     '/1.%    
5') $    '55     '/58    
(VWRQLD '/$$9    
'HQPDUN (679 $    5$< $    23'/5%2
2=.() $    '-02     '//%    
(60*    
2955     'LVWULFW '+(7     '//'(    
(60& $   
232=+++ 50+= $    ''(,     '/'&;    
(6‘,$    
3:     5')     '/%61     '2:+8    
(6505    
2=1$ $    5&,     '*/6     '2720    
(67$5    
2=$&%     2351+)- '.‘68     '21,    
(629    
2=..+     511)     23')6$ '21)2    
(68.    
2=(/<     5=$     '/6%'     '2)6%    
(66;    
2='<,     238$$4/ '$‘',*     '22'    
(6%$    
2=&7     5$3%(     23')7( '/-8/    
(62    
39     51:     '/$%5     '2://    
23(68.
2803     8$3$4     '-<(     '.2< $$   
(6$ $$   
232=$(, 5:<'     '.%<     '5;    
23(6*0
2='$(     572     '$‘7     23');&
(6%+    
2='.     238$1&( 23'/$7 '+%4$    
(6'- $   

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

'.):     '+712     69-*0     ,8$3%     ,8-&=    
'/1.6     '*52     6930+ $    ,98+/     ,.‘;%; $   
'/‘-5     '/&+ $    69&8'     ,4;,     ,461 $$   
'-$1     '*+;-     6949<     ,.:;4     23,=):1
'/85+     '.;0     69$=/     ,=‘&2*     ,=1<*    
'*6(+     '21+ $    6948<     ,;+31     ,.3:6    
'/$7=     '/9$, $    69&(,     ,=5'4     ,%57    
'//$0     6902     ,1$+2     ,921=    
'/&*     )LQODQG 6921.     ,==.9     ,=%+4    
'+767     2+/=& $    69<&     ,.;79     ,5(    
'+‘*+8     2+/$5     694)8     ,8-(,     23,.=++
'.$7     2+1'$     69(%4 $$    ,8**'     ,=‘';'    
'.9:     2+50     69%):     ,8,:6     ,=(,1    
')49     2+(&0 $    69&;,     ,.<'3     ,./0;    
'/6.)     2+12$     69/4:     ,8/&6     ,.733    
'.%$     2+8;     69%;$ $    ,=%.$     ,1+88    
'*).     2+;)(     6;$,8 $    ,.$5)     ,=,/.    
'/‘/.     2+%4+     2369-$2 ,1+'(     ,8,0&    
23'*$. 2+76     6;. $    ,8)8%     ,9'&=    
')$-     2+04     2369%;= ,:3:&     ,69$    
'43     2+(&*     69534 $$    ,9(:2     ,:,$8    
23'.,3 2+*,7     69-)/     ,1(20     ,=;$,    
'./2     2++6     69219     ,8),'     ,8‘.77    
'-2*     2+0=$     69300     ,.,22     ,:(0'    
'+'$2     232+=$$ --     ,=%;4     ,:;< $   
'-+;     2+(9,     2369304 ,1-5=     ,=-43 $   
')9-     2*$ $$    69.)     ,.$8.     ,.-9(    
'.9&2     232+0: 695,%     ,=$,)     ,8+59    
'/'4/     2*;     6969+-: $    ,8-3*     ,<*0%    
'/2+     232+/4 691=;     ,8*/.     23,.;1)
'*$71     2*1     ,8,<:     ,.208    
'*1);     232+1,2 *XHUQVH\ ,./),     ,=-&'    
'/0+:     2+=     08. $    ,:‘+/=     ,=5() $   
'/$17     232+1; 235/' ,8),%     ,53    
'/6.)     2+14     08‘*6<     ,489     23,.59*
'/1(2     2+2-     ,<*4    
'*10+     2+0)2     +XQJDU\ ,=61,     .DOLQLQJUDG
'/-*2     2+';     +$)++ $    ,=()3    
'/%'$     2+)0     +$0     ,8‘0%-     5:) $   
')/+     2*'     +$‘/=     ,8&<=     235$)$
'...     2*: $    +$'' $    ,8('.     5$)    
'-,:     2++$4     +$/=     ,=;&.     8,)    
'.:/     2+7'     +$)05     ,)'-     8$. $   
'/$$(     2+5(     +$$ $$    ,.5*.     238$)%
'*(     2+30     23+$'= ,1(49     5<)$(    
23'.&; 2+%./ $$    +$9.     ,=,0%     8,. $$   
')/21     2*7 $    +$-2     ,8+((     238$)=
'&+5     232+79 +$'';     ,:%11     5)$6 $   
'05&     2+)7$ $    +$'; $    ,.6%:    
'-:(     23+$;+ ,8*:-     /DWYLD
'.'4     )UDQFH +*5 $    ,8‘/59     </6: $   
'0((     )86. $    23+$-9 ,8(,<     </($    
'.$     )/,:     +$0) $$    ,8%6(     </+(    
23'-9+ )2+0     +$06     ,8(';     </60    
'/67*     )+50     +*5 $    ,=6$,     </;    
'*$.1     )*37     +*‘5 $    ,=(56     23<//<
'-72     ),5$     23+$‘1$5 ,8).0     </%-    
'/':     )3+<     ,=&/0     </&,    
'&77     )918     ,FHODQG ,8+,:     </49    
'/*7%     )$3,     7)// $    ,1(0,     </=    
')$8     )$'*     7)7     ,8-<0     </*3 $   
'+77     ))17     7).< $    ,8.5$     </-,    
'10'8     )50.     7)7<     ,=007     </,5    
'/$0'     70$     7)(.     ,=**5     <//:    
'/2+$     23)'9' 7)'7 $$    ,%$     </: $$   
'/:$ $    )901     ,:)58     23</*'
'/$5' $    )31-     ,UHODQG ,,0     </7    
''0/     )%0,     (,.$ $    23,=(<3 </‘$    
'-=%     )7/= $    (,*1% $    ,=,5;     </&/    
'/<0     )*5+     (,,,     ,.=%0     </6    
'-7%     )+7=     (,&7%     ,8)%/     23</=)
'/5&( $    )'53     (,*$%     ,.:8,     </(6    
'/21     )**/     (,+6%     ,=;1-     </&: $   
'.2+     )0/-     (,+$%     ,:1()     </)2 $   
'%% $    )%%4     ,8&-3     </*< $$   
23'/2%) 70&4     ,WDO\ ,=::<     </1.    
'/'+     23))5* ,,$ $    ,:&4     </*; $   
'.‘,8     )&'5     23,=/%* ,.1='     </33 $   
23'-.: )%4*     ,5'     ,=&77    
'*‘2.: $    ),:+     23,=-$, ,=+4%     /LHFKWHQVWHLQ
'/5$5 $$    )*.6     ,.81$     ,1(4&     +%‘:5 $$   
''‘98     )'%7     ,8)6/     ,),3    
'/6:5     )%'.     ,=:79     ,:547     /LWKXDQLD
')00     )3<1     ,57     ,:%=<    
'-0+     )+78     23,.<77 ,.202     /<< $   
'/)4     )*93     ,.1;8     ,8,&5     /<7    
'/8;*     )$%%     ,.-76     ,=*-/     /<2    
'0:     )'%'     ,$80     ,:(&3     /<$(    
23'/0$6 )+;7     ,.,)+     ,8%6+     /<88    
'/(%:     ),$<     ,,$     ,=5/.     23/<%88
'.‘:$(     )$.+     23,.$'( ,=;;(     /<'=    
23'0-%1 )%7+     ,=28;     ,8.*6     /<$    
'0($;     )+27     ,=‘,5+     ,4)*     /<$    
'*30     ),'/     ,=/4'     ,1+,7     /<3$'    
'/5%+     )+$%     ,=416     ,2; $$    /</ $   
'2-'     )5&+     ,=%49     23,75*< /<$;    
'/($;     )*<0     ,‘:%;     ,54     /<<<    
'40     )+/$     ,:‘%/:     23,.3)/ /<;;    
23'.63 )+42     ,==/*     ,2)     /<%%)    
'/<6     ),7'     ,.‘<87     23,=64: /</    
'/2&5     ))7$     ,=;9*     8%     /<1'1    
'*%+%     ),(;     ,80&+     23$$($ /<';    
'273     )-8     ,5%5     ,:,-     /<64    
'*-%     )*)7     ,1(/;     ,1=15     /<$7    
'2*6     ))7%     ,‘049     ,:‘*7$     /</7    
'//7     )'+;     ,:‘+%<     ,=(&/     /<4    
'/:)     )$*5 $$    ,0;;     ,8)/2     /<,    
'.:.     )'=8     ,8))0     ,=‘279     /<$    
'2/(     )5$*     ,.'&;     ,=604     /<6    
'0)     )%/=     ,55     ,;&/'     /<$ $$   
23'+)6 707     ,5%     ,9'6*     23/<$
'.-/     70';     23,.$8< ,9:06     /<=    
'),:     23)+$8 ,=*2/     ,=:7=     /<5    
'.9)     )5+6     ,.8;%     ,.54)     /<<    
'/$26     )*77     ,='98     ,.,.:     /<1<    
'235     )))= $    ,.%3/     ,8%,3     /<%.7    
'/62     )(1.     ,=7-'     ,.*:+     /<5    
'001     )(=9     ,55     ,.‘7,;     /<%%    
'/=$-     )1%;     23,=(:5 ,8-17     /<.    
'2*-     70= $$    ,=;84     ,==57     /<&<    
'--'     23)'6. ,:5/6     ,:‘%&) $    /<0    
'/$57     )75(     ,=,52     ,.‘3+< $    /<$; $   
'-61     ):&(     ,$$     ,:&+;     /<00 $   
'0;0     )&3)     ,,‘,     ,8&+(     /<): $   
'')/2     707 $    23,=‘3$8 ,)*;     /<)1 $   
'&%*     23)9.7 ,=72$     ,4&< $    23/<:
'0$1(     )'5'     ,=-01     23,=/7: /<% $$   
'/511     )%'*     ,4;=     ,:0=;     /<7    
'2';;     ),&= $    23,:(75 ,8.%/     /<76    
')/;     ,.‘10-     ,-74 $    /<: $   
'*8$(     *UHHFH ,=%9&     ,4%4     /<0$ $   
'2-/) $    69-+$ $    ,.8*;     23,===% /<== $   
'/*$& $    69.<&     ,‘26, $    ,.81'     23/<%0;

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 /X[HPERXUJ /&& $$    63*1,     <22%$     62 $$   
/;$     23/$94 63+1     <2%':     6';    
23/;12 /$+*$     63112     <2,$%     624    
/;+' $$    /$7<     641,8     <2*&/     6; $   
/$/-$     63;29     <2*$     6&.    
0DOWD /$&-     63',3     <33     6-    
+76 $$    /%.& $    61$ $    <2%'4     64    
/&7 $    2363*(0 <2,35 $    6== $   
0ROGRYD 23/$%)$ 643+* $    <2&0, $    6<,    
(5%)     /&. $    61/     <51 $    6%    
(5&7 $$    23/$<- 63*76 $    23<23%) 6%%    
/$%3$ $$    63*), $$    6* $   
1HWKHUODQGV /$*.$     63$<$     6DUGLQLD 2360
3&7 $    /$;1$     63)%     ,6‘1+7 $    6:: $$   
3$‘0,5     /$&/$     64%++     6;    
3$*'5     /&$ $    639,+     6FRWODQG 6‘/'    
3$-     23/%7, 63:*%     *0;     6$    
3$'1     64($1     23*0<;, 6%$    
3$&+0     3RODQG 61:     *0& $    68    
3'% $    642' $    2364*;2 2300‘*+0 6%/    
3'*63     630&     647'=     001 $$    6*    
3)6&7     63-4-     62.5     2300‘*3= 6.+/    
3*5     61$     634';     00‘$24     6.0    
3',6:     2363&(6 63)2:     00' $    6:    
3$0(7     63$     63&*-     23*0$7$ 6)-    
3%$     6305'     637(;     00(     6=: $   
3$&9'     631+     637=     2300‘*25 6%7    
3$‘&*%     64/0<     63,.3     00‘*25 $    61: $   
3(2.<     63&/2     640/=     *0‘236 $$   
3'-&%     63-=/     63<:     *08<=    
6308     6SDLQ
3''9%     64(,&     00‘3+*    
64(;0     (&'; $   
3$-%     6107    
635     ($')9    
3$+&&     63'.,     6HUELD ($;5    
3$'%6     23639& 64:2 $    <77 $   
64&/ $    ($+-2    
3$96     63+0=     <75.    
64:++     ($)&4    
3$‘059     631     <8569    
63<))     ($.9    
3$$50     633 $    <8($    
64111     ($3$&$    
3(/7<     =9     <7$    
6430%     ($''(    
3'$%2     2363'93 <8:    
6357/     (&.5    
3$‘/,(     63'=7 $    <8(43    
618     ('&    
3$(-2     64+     <8(($    
23638)< 23($,%9
3$77     23643/+ <8<9 $   
63:31     ($'$    
3'52     63(:; $    <821(    
63$/7     ('6    
3'&-7     <8%3$    
64$16     23($65
3%37     3RUWXJDO <8083    
($*<<    
3$*6     63$:-     <8020    
63$     &7$/     23'+7:
3$5(+     &7-%' $    <89*    
61/     ($05    
3'‘0*;     &6$20     <8(0$    
63'5(     ($-2 $   
3$-     &6$0+     <7‘,    
64:     ((5    
3$)1:     &6$3'     <87';    
63:7&     23($,$
3*‘‘7     &7$,;     <8$12    
63.;     ($+=0    
233$706 &5. $$    23<85$
64632     (($    
3$''3 $$    23&7&-- <7$    
63)5&     23($61
3$::     &7$+9     <77$ $$   
63*.     ($.7    
3$$/     &7$.:     <8$    
63*&(     ($$1%    
3$/2     &7+70     23<8(:
63%%6     ($(57    
3$(9<     &7$%3     <8::    
63.-8     ($5$5    
3$5/0     &5$74     <73/ $   
23630'< 235$5
3$$$9     &7%;7 $$    <7; $   
647     ($$-9    
3$*50     &7$83     <7(    
63&*8     ($)8-    
3+‘$6     &6$2/     <7: $   
63=+3     ($(-5    
3$1     &6)24     <7== $   
2364-39 (&($    
3$'5/     23&7)24 <7. $   
646$$     ($)5;    
3(+:2     &6$01     23<8.:
63)93     ($'1&    
3$.:     &7*2- $    <8$ $$   
64('=     ($-='    
3$.%1     &7$12 $    <7((    
64326     ($9-    
3$'; $    &5$ $    <80$9 $   
63'++     ($($1    
3$0 $    23&7,8$ <882 $   
64297     ($(=$    
3$.0     <7736 $   
637.:     ($$$=    
3(%$6 $$    5HSXEOLFRI.RVRYR (&$++    
3&7     63%8-     6LFLO\
64=     =+=     ($,<)    
3&30     237$+= ,%$ $    ($,=7    
3'7:     64*47     23,75%:
63$9*     ($,7;    
3((:5     ,7)81     ($*0;    
3$7     63%(6     5RPDQLD ,7);<    
63,+3     <3‘& $    ($60&7,    
3(2     ,53     ((%    
3*$$     64$0     23<2&=: 23,:+04
638.0     <298     23($<%
3$‘*-9     ,7)5; $    ($%$6    
3$=     64,<9     <2&,<     ,7$$.    
64)     <2&6/     ($'-/    
3()79     ,5= $$    ($(25    
3$72     63,2(     <5)     ,,< $   
63%/&     23/%7, ($*&7    
3$‘0-0     23,7,44 ($,$=    
3'‘0(     625=     <3-     ,7$&- $$   
63-0$     23<25,- ()5    
3'‘:5     ,7'**     23($(<2
3'‘-0+     64%&1     <2$5= $    ,7;73 $   
63$720     <22+<     ($$53    
3'';     ,7235     ($,00    
3*)     61‘5     <2*88    
2364,$8 <203,     ($/0, $$   
233$‘*58 6ORYDNLD ()'    
3$5     64(/9     <2)/0    
61‘‘/     <2'%/     2058 $    23($-;=
3(5:/     20,$*     (%'-    
3$*(2     23630$7 <2,2(    
63$<&     <2/'7     20$*1     (&$,7    
3'‘:9%     200     ()2    
3&'%     63/'     <2+68    
63,,     <2%13     20:: $    23($$22
3$$' $    20,.     ($':    
3'53     63$$=     <2*'    
63)03     <2%;;     20'7     ('$    
3'-8)     20.+7     23($79
63$%     <2*3&    
63)60     <2573     2320$7 ($2+    
1RUWK0DFHGRQLD 634&:     20$'8     ($7*    
=% $    <2+'&    
63(/7     <2&'&     20$5     ($$$    
=3(& $    20$-7     ()<    
=)))     64.3.     <2%7,    
620.     <20$*     20:     23($)5
=8 $$    2320'1 ($1$    
633:     <2'/6    
635))     <2'$%     20-3     ($/$3&    
1RUWKHUQ,UHODQG 64-<.     20‘:7     ($;/    
0,‘0     <2%($    
64*80     <2'09     207;     ($*=4    
230,‘7). 20$63     ($%88    
*,7     63-81     <20,3    
64‘4     <2700     20$(6     ($=< $   
0,‘, $    20‘$75     ($&, $   
0,‘2%&     2364*2/ <2)))    
64$/     <2567     20%+ $$    ($37    
0,‘':(     20$     ()7    
0,$     63,9'     <2%(;    
630,     <2&:<     232050 23($+7
230,‘8/. 2067     ('%    
*,9+2 $$    64=(     <273    
63(,<     <2+*     20$.8 $$    23($%2;
0,‘+2= $    205$     ()5    
0,‘6/( $    64$/:     <20-=    
636+'     <2'%$     20$'0 $    23($%:5
0,0 $    ($&&*    
230,‘//* 63'=     <2$<7    
641*2     <2%44     6ORYHQLD ($:;    
6357;     <2+5%     6$/ $    ('5 $   
1RUZD\ 646(7     23($$2&
/&& $    <2%;(     6''    
23/$.2$ 64337     <2-:     6‘.     ((3    
/$*0$     63(0/     <25=-     6';     23($$7;
/$+)$ $    631< $$    <4$ $$    66     (((    
/$20     61.     23<2%+1 600 $    23($(/=
/&7     2364(56 <2/($     6<.     ($'9< $   
23/$9.$ 63.     <2///     6,     ($$-;    
/%/*     64.'7     <2&84     6(6     ($'15 $$   
/$4-$     64254     <2+27 $    6‘3%     ():    
/$57$     62/     <2;& $    6%2     23($:6
/$2*$     2363:,7 <258 $    6-4     ((,    
/$86$     640     <2+3     6‘;     23($6%
/$2.$     63.0     <2%*' $    6$;     ($,40    
/$%1$     64/88     <22+2 $    605     ($'0+    
/%)+     63,     <2$3- $$    6&     ($;5    

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 ($)$     85:&4     9.4+ $$    <&<'%     '=;    
($$24     878=     9.':     <&/3     23'8=;
($*=$     87‘&.     9.%&4     <'89%     '8(9    
($(+:     87::     9.+*     <'%<$     '85%    
($',7     870=     9..77     <*(2;     '8:7=    
($*7;     87==     9.==     <)'.%     '8.7    
(&$1     8<7(     9.46 $    <%%$5     '85    
($*$5     890$     9.*. $    <','&     23'88*=
($,-* $    85&1     9..'3 $$    <%*8     ))6.    
($(8,     8789     <'1;5     '; $   
($'+%     85471     %UXQHL'DUXVVDOHP <'.-&     '8<    
();     8781     95+ $    <'&<2     23'8<%(
($-==     85='=     23-2585 <*(.6     '92'&    
($)&:     8;05     9$9( $$    <&‘5/;     '8)&&    
($&( $    8<,3     <'')$     '9'<+    
878=     (DVW0DOD\VLD <'&34     '99*;    
6YDOEDUG 8==9     0<<     <*(.5     '8/$9    
-:9'$ $$    8;++     23-5:;$ <&956     '99;2    
-:,774+ $    87(9     :(=     <'.;;     ,$1/    
878)+     0*2+     <'9*%     ))/2    
6ZHGHQ 8;&5     :'(1     <&-2<     '8$9&    
6*‘0 $    8<8     :==.     <&''8     1‘:$'8    
236$‘$47 8:8     :9$7     <&&&=     '95$5    
6.‘80     8;.$     <%7'.     *%1&    
2360<5$ 8=,     +DZDLL <&(--     '9888    
60'49     874'     .+;6 $    <'/,4     '8$=    
6)'     894)     23.;6 <*8)$     '8-0    
60,4'     8=,     :+)<.     <*&=:     '8166 $   
60)=2 $    2386,< .+&-- $    <',)5     '8';7 $$   
606     879     .+;/     <%1&5     ':75= $   
23606,& 238690 .+02,     <&‘89=    
60$/-     85:+4     :+)4,     <'%(%    
60';5     8;+%     .+'+     <','%     6287+$0(5,&$
6$6.$     87‘=7     .+78 $$    <&+%2     $QWDUFWLFD
6$+8%     8<,2     23$'( <''23     (08    
6(7     874/     1+<     <)&;%     23878$
60$&4     87$6     <&';*    
6)&     85&:     ,QGRQHVLD <''+)     $UJHQWLQD
6,$     8:0 $$    <&$76 $    <&%46    
/8'' $   
2360/,9 23850: <&5-/     <'&<1    
/8'/2(    
60-%)     878     <&‘32*     <'*'5    
23'/2(
6*2     23878-2 <%‘2.5     <)'%+    
/4(    
2360$*2 87&5     <%1<     <'3+    
23/:'1
603‘23     87(/     <%%11     <%%1'    
/803.    
233‘2 8;1     <%$';     <),)7    
/7‘+    
600;     2387‘17 <&,06     <&35*    
/89/(    
6'$     899     <&(((     <''69    
/8'<    
2360)-) 238;97 <%43     <'‘6%/    
/:';    
6*‘; $$    8=::     <&*24     <&0'    
/8+6    
6(:     8::8     <%0,2     <**'(    
/'    
2360;.% 8648%     <%22     <'9*-    
23/8'&
6009(     87(     <%'<     <&%,4    
/80'+    
6(;     2385(= <&&&3     <',29    
/882    
236$%<& 871<     <%‘)<$     <*)2&    
/79    
6.‘+'     879     <&<(1     <%$5 $$   
23/89&&
236012& 238;9; <%;<2     <%,4    
/8'8    
6&$     87(&=     <)')%     <&507    
/8'9,    
2360:08 85(     <%'; $    <%,=.    
/8'. $   
6%:     2385('; <%7,$     <)5%6    
/8.$    
23605$% 857:<     <%*9     <)&'/ $   
/8'&1    
60<12     8=4 $    <&),.     <%$' $   
/8'3/    
6%:     238<4= <%%2<     <&‘5,    
$<'    
6(:     8=‘8 $    <&(/6     <%+-0    
/8')    
236$‘%<3 8:=0 $    <%6%     <)%:< $   
/8<86    
66     (04     <%)8$     <%$6<    
/8::    
2360;6+ 238:48 <&*%6     <%$&0    
/:'3*    
60<(&     8;,6 $    <),&&     <%523    
/80$0    
60‘1-2     8=0 $$    <%<%%     <&1+:    
/80(&    
60‘-&$     23870= <&..     <&&4<    
/8906    
6,$0 $    8553     <%-$8     <($$    
/84'0    
6(‘; $    854)3     <%%0(     <&),/    
/2+ $$   
23''0$7 89,=     <&+/7     <&&<9    
23/8+:
6(( $$    87(/     <&3=     <%5: $$   
/8))    
2360'4( 8://     <&6*%     <&<,=    
/8.&4    
6014%     859.5     <&%21     <&+4    
/8'=    
6.4$     858-     <%‘.77     <%881    
/:(. $   
236$$;5 8;81     <&.$2     <%,%'    
/2' $   
6)0     (24     <&‘2'&     <&‘0$7    
23/8(27
23606<2 23854&: <&‘26;     <%80    
/8<6 $   
60%     878+;     <'2)2     <&)$-    
/8'30 $   
236$‘%9$ 87/2 $    <%9<<     <&$7.    
/7) $$   
6$'$*     85*8 $    <%'2     <&'0.    
23/8)29
85<     <&,:6     <%%,0    
/8''-    
6ZLW]HUODQG 2386‘<: <&/5*     <(7=+    
/8+.    
+%‘72& $    87$$     <&.(-     <%8)0    
/8'; $   
+%$$     8<& $    <%.4     <&&$$    
/8+1 $   
23+%$5) 87&:     <%0'/     <%‘<$'    
+%()-     <%‘375    
+%‘,4< $    :DOHV
<(‘32    
<%%0/    
$UXED
<&0$(     3: $$   
23+%,4< 0:0 $    <%:5     <%%&6    
23:*'
+%7     23*:%9- <*$,.     <%‘:<1    
23+%(/9 *:7     <%‘-6 $   
+%)+9     230:0'+
<&);,    
<)‘785    
%ROLYLD
<%(/3     &3+. $   
+%‘*.0     *:.%2     <&%-.     <&74/    
23+%*.0 *:‘-:&     <)<8'    
+%)/;     0:‘/*(    
<%,0    
<&(- $   
%RQDLUH
<%+3,     3-. $   
+%‘$:6     *:/     <&)$5     <%‘$1-    
231.7
23+%$:6 23*:=$5 <%*9     23)-;
3-5 $   
+%2$8 $$    *::     <&2%0     <%87,    
23..$
+%'9=     23*:(9; <%(*3     <%‘0:0    
3-'; $$   
+%%81     *:%.* $$    <&107     <%(&*    
+%'9+     *:<40     <&‘(7 $   
+%*13 $$    0:.-& $$   
<&‘%$6    
<*(2<    
%UD]LO
<%),-     3<:: $   
+%‘944     *:(5,     <%00     <&%*0     3<*&    
*:76*     <%‘16,     <&696     3<==    
8NUDLQH <%%2%     <)%6     3<3$    
8:0 $    <%&32     <'‘(*$     3<(8    
2385‘0& 2&($1,$ <%+'5     <'687     =:%    
898     $XVWUDOLD <%6.0     <*)=5 $    233<&&
238;8$ 9.&= $    <%‘,6(     3<03    
85(1     9.,2     <)631     1HZ&DOHGRQLD 3357    
8;0)     9.::9     <'&3=     ).4; $    3<'.    
86‘8     9.0+     <%/8(     ).,. $    3<1$    
2386‘8; 9.*5     <&6&+     3<'&    
85.,7     9.-$     <'<6)     1HZ=HDODQG =9% $   
875%     9.$7+     <':&.     =/82     36&    
878%     9.<;     <%:$     =0$ $    233<6(,
85(,     9..6     <&<*5     23=/&: 3<47    
8;,5     9.7=     <'<6:     =/*,*     3<''    
8553'     9.1+ $    <'(/7     =/7 $$    3<$56    
85,-     9.3';     <'<';     23=/$1+ 3</30    
8;,7     9.63     <&%'/     =/00 $$    3<6$7    
8682     9.,5     <&(12     383=(    
87((     9.69$     <&(3<     1LXH 33;$    
8;;     9.:(     <'‘6&=     ((7     3<:/0    
2387;4 9.70=     <&(-/     23%$/; 3<&7$    
8570     9.)+44     <&%11     ($:     35.6$    
8<$:     9.71/     <&8$)     231/) 3</9    
86<: $    9.':     <'$26     33:(%    
8<84     9.23     <&'88     3KLOLSSLQHV 35&-    
87,0     9.8(     <&(,'     +7 $    3<$%    
8546     9.+27     <'9,=     23'8,97 35$<(    
8762     9.%:0     <'+9=     '8-$<     38/)8    

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 3<56$     +.: $    126%     +,-6* $    $VLDWLF7XUNH\
38002     +.*22 $$    ..9/     ,=195     7&&   
380&9     ,8+(6     <89,3     <0.$   
37$30     &XUDFDR ,8‘-=1     ($*5=     7&0.   
2338390 3-'.21$    /99     %$/$    
388$)     23/89= :11     &KLQD
38-69     (FXDGRU 38<+.     23.1= %,)=$   
38%2<     +&$3 $    &$*&$     60‘5     %7   
38.1*     +&$(     (&$$     2360‘58; %'01,   
38;<7     +&7.9     -$1(=     5$'-$     %</<   
38:';     -51.1     .-7     %*--:   
385'%     )UHQFK*XLDQD /8'8(     <(:,/     %'04   
380*%     72%& $$    2./9     &7*91     %*%:=   
38921     23'/%& <2;.     87';    
381%,     874     $<<     &\SUXV
38$63     3DUDJXD\ 238545% )%.9 $    3:   
38.10     =3'$ $$    -,,.&     /=8    
38(</     -(‘&%6     87(.     -DSDQ
382;8     3HUX -$.3)     <8/*    
38<5&     2$66 $    1‘-.     *:&     'LVWULFW
3<*2(     <85('     230‘:/< -$=*2   
388$+     6XULQDPH 9581*453     /=)9     -$<.;   
383('     3=5$ $    /<28     :‘1$    
38%<=     /<*     23:$$: 'LVWULFW
3<8'     7ULQLGDG 7REDJR 0‘+0-     '13:     -,=(<   
=9&     =< $    (04     85.%3    
233<&; 238544 .29     .D]DNKVWDQ
3<$6     8UXJXD\ :((=     $- $    83/   
3<9&3     &96     24%     23$==
3<(=     23&;66 2321%+4 (2     .XZDLW
3<'30     87;;     ,=$1.     .+1   
&::    
39$-     23&;90 8:(-;00     -*/)5    
3<1<     &;&$1 $    -7%8     .7: $    6LQJDSRUH
3<57%     &;'6     5:$,     9$,5     9<&   
33';     &;&& $$    9(1&*     5$‘$<    
=;- $$   
&;$' $    *:‘96:     8QLWHG$UE(PLUDWHV
2333-5 .$60$     $44   
==7     /8';    
9HQH]XHOD
3<4: 
233<01/
   0. $    8)6     08/7,23(5$725 :HVW0DOD\VLD
23<9.. 23560 0&5%   
3<=+3
3<,1




 
  <:&4     6*     6,1*/(75$160,77(5 05   
635&    
37$:    
<<(') 
23<9%;1
   =%*-     +,*+32:(5
3<$0)    
3<76     <<:7)
<90$<




 
 
169,
0'5/








1257+$0(5,&$ (8523(
3<6%<     %$:,     %HOJLXP
3656$     <<+&0     8QLWHG6WDWHV
<<$(3     0‘-%$     23.   
3<%+     'LVWULFW 2172   
<<5$%     +%*6:     1:3   
3<*=     *0‘+883     270   
39$$6     <9.3 $$    162+   
<<'&9     %*77,453     .0:   
3<$&     ,.5($     %RVQLD+HU]HJRYLQD
3<709 $    <96: $   
<9*3$ $    21=03     (&:   
3<.- $    'LVWULFW
.(‘7<'    
3<::     1-)   
33'= $   
-),:/     %XOJDULD
=:7     453 --‘6)9     /=$   
233<=' 2.)' $    0-6<     'LVWULFW
33%7     (65:     983(1     :0;    &URDWLD
3</&'     +*&     /='0     $-*    $<   
33)56 $    23+$,$0 /<1.     :$4/    $&3%   
3<;+ $    87(2;     87889     :-$0    $2   
37=7 $$    85)(2     8579     $&=0    $:   
3<)2     :.8     /<20     1<,   
3<=5     8$24     2.2.     .;$9    &]HFK5HSXEOLF
3<.1     /;*73$     5),     2.=   
=9))     633'$     '+$.<     'LVWULFW 2/7   
355%$     (:*     509     .7-   
3<&$7     1'‘&     235:9$ .6=    'HQPDUN
3<5*     +)‘&8)     878(,     289   
3<9=     :48     -$0:9     'LVWULFW 3%   
37:0     23:4=$ <7==     $.:   
37$9     7*,1     85:$$     1(5'    (QJODQG
39';     17=+     :'&:     *%*3   
3<.(<     8;,;     &2656     'LVWULFW
3<5<     ,7&,/3     -5‘%8/     .=:    (VWRQLD
350%     86(:     ':7'-     :‘5,&    (69   
3</8     :<$4     $%')     15:   
3<2=     .<*     <&)7&     :6/    (XURSHDQ5XVVLD
3<(%'     8$33     *0‘+96    
5831     =66     'LVWULFW 'LVWULFW
34+;     58$   
3<)2*     0:7     <)'$(     :35   
,=4&+453     5.4:;   
3886.     2300‘&:-
=:7     87‘(0     *=15     'LVWULFW
233<5.* 3<%1     :.(<     19/    'LVWULFW
3</2)     640,6     .(‘*9:     8$/   
33.& $    6<$($     ,26     'LVWULFW‘ 5=4   
38<$%     <7$.2     23,8,*; .‘'''   
38-$0     97     <&‘267     .‘$'    'LVWULFW
38'&%     <2$$&     :9*5     .‘:30    8&&   
3836)     :05     $'‘%,     :(/1   
38(/+     <%‘$11     <)(-9     :‘*-7    'LVWULFW
38572     ');5     2..     8&.   
38/-+     5.'=     232.,0 &DQDGD
3<+5     ,.;7<     63).:     )HG5HSRI*HUPDQ\
'2+=    
'LVWULFW '37   
38<3/     =/%4'     92$;   
3866+     (%01     3$‘$:+     '/‘';   
38621     .$82/     -$165     '$;   
)8/4    
'LVWULFW '3*   
3<&3 $    -+2*&     9&=   
3<6;     1-,     :6$     '/$   
9(3,%    '/‘:0   
3<)65     50)     +$7,    
3<;53     :%&=*     (8$$     '5%   
:0)    
'LVWULFW '$‘&   
3<)54 $    1$87     9(<$$   
3<%(*     23.'/; 8688     '3;   
33-1 $    <%76     69%-<     '5:   
38.*% $    57: $$   
'LVWULFW '.‘2'   
129     9()2   
(&$=(     5$$'     '4‘‘$63   
&KLOH .,‘*     235$3 &RVWD5LFD '/‘36   
&(/5 $    (<     <8/0453     7,‘5&   
&%(     ($(;     $23     )LQODQG
23&((,2 9$0<&     00$:'     2+.   
&(-=2     <2*1)    
7XUNV &DLFRV,VODQGV 2+(/.   
+..0     933   
&(64(     ,18):     8$%$    
&%35     3<,$;     &0()0     )UDQFH
23&(/4+ ,=‘=).     69-*     $)5,&$ 700   
&('13     631,9     3(.     ).6(   
&(%)     2.05-     +$%$     $OJHULD ).2.   
*1     .,9:3     '/$16     ::    ).*+   
&(6&= $    3'‘306     .*0<    
&(934     98('+     -.7&9     &HXWD 0HOLOOD *UHHFH
&$-%'     -*;<6     6354+     ('%    6=$   
&$8)&     ,.4/'     '.%0     6=.5'   
&(8*(     5):     .=7    
&$36+     %995453     643     $6,$ +XQJDU\
&(:<= $$    /'67     <%1';     $VLDWLF5XVVLD +*$   
*$ $$    ($*<(     3<065    
23&(-7& ,:*<*     %'+=;     'LVWULFW
&(.)     381=2     *2 $    5.&<$    ,WDO\
&(/, $    '-<).     23&(23 5&-    ,22   
.6'*     -+'04     5./:$    ,,.   
..$     6*6     517    ,&=:   
&RORPELD &6$),     /=0 $    ,499   
+.&     <8,.$     23/='; 'LVWULFW‘ ,1(4'   
+.(8 $    <&$35     &2/(     5‘$.    ,431   
+.7.     6457.     69*51     5;‘/    ,4'%   

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 /LWKXDQLD 'LVWULFW )LQODQG 'LVWULFW %UD]LO
/<-    .%%6$    2+$&    .7(    =<$   
$$&5   
1HWKHUODQGV 'LVWULFW )UDQFH
3,$0)    :.'6    )./<    'LVWULFW 08/7,23(5$725
3$$$    :<.    ).(;    :&92$   
3,6+%   
'LVWULFW +XQJDU\
:%,
.%2
 
 


08/7,75$160,77(5
1RUWK0DFHGRQLD :*$'    +$‘))    1257+$0(5,&$
=%    +$15    'LVWULFW
'LVWULFW .&7    8QLWHG6WDWHV
3RODQG :.$    ,WDO\ 1(&   
61/    'LVWULFW‘ :;%   
,4%0    152   
=+    'LVWULFW ,46:    18‘3   
63.3'    :'*/    .‘/7&    .8:   
63.'$    .-$1    ./5:   
.DOLQLQJUDG
63327    8&.    %HUPXGD
61.    'LVWULFW 93,    $ODVND
1<;5    ./5$   
3RUWXJDO :$-7   
/LWKXDQLD &DQDGD
/<‘‘60*    &DQDGD
&53    /<=2    'LVWULFW 9$$$   
&5.    &DQDGD 9&9    &.0/   
'LVWULFW 0DOWD 9(),    9$4'   
5HSXEOLFRI.RVRYR 9(/21    +05/    9($2   
=<   

5RPDQLD
'RPLQLFDQ5HSXEOLF 0RQWHQHJUR $)5,&$
<37   
+,.    2$78    $)5,&$ &DSH9HUGH
0H[LFR 1HWKHUODQGV 6RXWK$IULFD '&   
6HUELD ;(1/    3,932    =605.   
<7‘$   
;(1    0RURFFR
1RUWK0DFHGRQLD &1$   
6LFLO\ =0    $6,$
,2$   
$)5,&$ &KLQD
$IULFDQ,WDO\ 3RODQG %$0<    $6,$
6ORYDN5HSXEOLF 61$   
20‘0    ,*02    %=    $VLDWLF7XUNH\
6335)    %<*$   
63=&)    <0.&   
6ORYHQLD &DQDU\,VODQGV 613   
6<    ('%    63=+3   
+RQJ.RQJ
95&&    &KLQD
6.    %<&<   
67    &HXWD 0HOLOOD 5RPDQLD 7DLZDQ
('(    <2.%%   
6SDLQ %9‘-    2PDQ
<2.$.    %3‘3   
('2    $.   
((9    $6,$ 6FRWODQG :HVW0DOD\VLD 7DLZDQ
((*    $VLDWLF7XUNH\ *0$   
('1    0&+6    %9‘:3;   
7&%   
((5    7&1    6HUELD
('5   
(':   
<0.<    <8$)9
<8+)*






(8523( 0&&+
:HVW0DOD\VLD
  
($-<:    <7/    'HQPDUN
&KLQD 2=('5   
%''7   
6ZHGHQ %*+8/    6LFLO\ (8523(
6..    ,5.    (QJODQG
6.7   
%+52    %HOJLXP
%<&=    *2    27$   
6.‘42    %*77=    6ORYHQLD
%<0$    6‘/    (XURSHDQ5XVVLD
6ZLW]HUODQG %XOJDULD
%<:=    /=:   
+%&    %<;<=    6ZHGHQ 'LVWULFW
+%.*    %<71%    6&$6    54'   
&URDWLD
8NUDLQH 8NUDLQH )HG5HSRI*HUPDQ\ $$   
8=,   
&\SUXV
33    8:(    '3'   
855::    '/‘/1    )UDQFH
8:0    ).23   
2&($1,$ +RQJ.RQJ
95+.6    (13    )UDQFH
$XVWUDOLD 86/2'    ).),    +XQJDU\
9.1&    87/::    +*6   
-DSDQ
9.*53   
'LVWULFW *UHHFH
9LHQQD,QWO&WU -/    ,WDO\
-(<(0    8$    ,,6   
&KDWKDP,VODQGV ,.<&:   
=/&    +XQJDU\
'LVWULFW +*7    ,4)$   
-.92&    ,5:   
+DZDLL -$<*3    2&($1,$ ,UHODQG
1+3    (DVW0DOD\VLD (,5(    1HWKHUODQGV
6DXGL$UDELD 0,+    3,&&   
,QGRQHVLD =.68    0&53    ,WDO\
$$    ,57    1RUZD\
<&'(    7DLZDQ ,QGRQHVLD ,<)*0    /$2   
%9%    <(=$'   
1HZ=HDODQG 1RUZD\ 3RUWXJDO
=07    7KDLODQG 3KLOLSSLQHV /1:    &6&&   
((.    ';+    /*‘7   
3KLOLSSLQHV ($,    ';(90    /1.    6SDLQ
($+    ';0*6    ('0   
';'/   
';(90    3RODQG
:HVW0DOD\VLD
0&22   
';'%7    625    2&($1,$
6287+$0(5,&$ 06';   
620   
3KLOLSSLQHV
$UJHQWLQD 0&&%    6287+$0(5,&$ 6DUGLQLD '8‘5   
/8)%    ,6‘6::    ';$5&   
/8'4   
$UHJQWLQD
/89=   
/5'    (8523( /8'%4    6HUELD
$XVWULD <7$    6287+$0(5,&$
$UXED 2(;$    &XUDFDR
3‘/    %UD]LO 6LFLO\ 3-7   
=:7    ,,3   
%HODUXV 35(   
%UD]LO (:::    ,25    (FXDGRU
367    ==$    +&‘(   
3;$    3<;;    6ORYDN5HSXEOLF
%HOJLXP =:3   
357    20‘.$3   
27;    3<*05   
35$$
34%


 
 
20.))    522.,(
&]HFK5HSXEOLF &KLOH 8QLWHG6WDWHV
37$   
2/=   
6SDLQ
&%::    ((7    :%%7 $   
&KLOH 2.237    &%(7    $**3    
2.2&7    (''   
&%+    &('1    ('67    1‘(+;    
&(&7    .'1.<    
&%3    (QJODQG (FXDGRU ::75*    
*;&2    6ZLW]HUODQG
*:    +&*5&    +%(28    .+0%    
*'    :(75    
(VWRQLD :‘&&-    
(6<*   
3DUDJXD\ 08/7,23(5$725 2&($1,$ .'0',
:,3&








=3$$    (XURSHDQ5XVVLD $XVWUDOLD
'LVWULFW
7:275$160,77(5 9..:   
$$/6
.&$%
$







3HUX 5&3    1257+$0(5,&$ $&72    
72    5='=,    (DVW0DOD\VLD .&*    
8QLWHG6WDWHV 00,    .,%)4    
'LVWULFW 'LVWULFW .109=    
*XDP
08/7,23(5$725 5=3;2
5<$






./5
$&%8
  
   .+.<   
:%.%=
$&(*








6,1*/(75$160,77(5 'LVWULFW
.&&5   
3KLOLSSLQHV
.*:='
15(.








/2:32:(5 5*8   
1%&
'LVWULFW
  
';0.
';(90






$&71
1-$+








1257+$0(5,&$ )HG5HSRI*HUPDQ\ :93    .&0,2    
'/'    .&,3.    
8QLWHG6WDWHV '/‘%5'    'LVWULFW 6287+$0(5,&$ .&0/&    
'LVWULFW '/‘+'%    :&+    $UJHQWLQD .(<+    
:)0    '.**    :4;    /8''    $$6:    

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 .&-33     98:<%     .%$,     :1$)3     ,=:79    
.(*''     :35)     .5=     .0(6     $//2    
:<7)     ,8.5$     2312; .%/,;     '/5,&    
:,:'     <8020     $';'     $'‘%,     23'.20
$$$+     '*65     :52     1-<     /<7    
.03+%     <8,.$     1'*     $%-     ,.1;8    
:0%;     0-5%     .:$     .'5     <298    
:75*     63$720     1((,     :===     2+/=&    
.;26     982;+     19=     :96     -$426    
.,8,1     ,8+(6     :'46     14( $$    2+/$5    
.,9:3     ,8‘-=1     .()7     1$5     3<==    
.'.:     987:-     11';     :*(     ($)&4    
:652     38<+.     23:35 .0'     <&5-/    
.0+%+     380*%     .-$7     :&/     ,.-76    
:&8<     38(</     .+3     23:*'- ($.9    
.,&8;     388$+     $,6)     :$)=%     58$    
.(‘006     <<:7)     .8(     .:-9     3$‘0,5    
1‘.$,     98:%%     1:‘0     .9,3     6.‘80    
.181'     ,$1/     .8);     :78     2360<5$
.49     --3,*     .'%:0     .$5     ,=28;    
:01     -+++3     1%8     .-7     ,=‘,5+    
.')*/     <85('     231=)2 .60     *1    
.'.+9     (04     :5$$     19:     23*)0&
:''&:     238544 23.=- :(=     '/6%'    
:/5-     &6$3'     8:%     :$9     <%1<    
124&     5‘4$)     23$-0 .5(7     85(,    
:0%$     ),(;     :%:$-     153     69.<&    
.(‘672     /=($     115%     $)6$     2(+:)    
.13)9     9(1&*     .67     .)(     '/$%5    
.'0'2     63$%     1('     ./6     )*2-    
.*2,%     5&$9     ..&2     1081     572    
.98/     9$'./     23:21 .'-     238$1&(
.(‘7<'     0‘21+     :8;     ..-     ,=%49    
.(-1/     3$-     .$&=<     1=5     -)),8    
.,$;*     92=$3     1)56     :*10     -+&79    
.‘7&0     620.     23.4% :$$1     ,=;9*    
:8‘4     635&     10:4     23.'5 <&,06    
.6+5     %,&6<     $,/<     :<(     %:-*:%%    
:=<‘ $$    633:     $%8     .%$=     -.89/    
.:/6     <87';     23:5.& 1$/1     <&(((    
$*62     <//:     188$     .-4     ,‘049    
:)0+     ,8,&5     .,%     :+<,     *7    
23))35 <&<*5     :8'7     1'5     23*9*=
.7::     <'(/7     17)     $$9     /'    
1(9 $$    <'<';     1.$     .<(     23/8'&
.;%,     64‘4     .(9%     :$/;6     ;‘$    
:63&     2364*2/ $-9     ::&     23;9)
.(‘,7&     630,     :2+0     :%195     /80'+    
.1';7     <'9,=     1&8     .00     -(5;-    
:7&%     <'+9=     :8:     14%     '55*'    
.%$.     '95$5     1<‘$     16;     23'/(&4
:$6& $    <&<'%     :'30     .43/     5;&0    
<&/3     :21     :%7)+     ,5%    
'; <'89%     :%2     :28     23,.$8<
587 $    <*(2;     :'.     1$-     20$*1    
2357$ <2$<7     :*2&     :-5     ,7);<    
98=0.     <%*8     :)%     .,<     .*85    
($'*6     <'&34     .$$(<     1$8     *1    
8$‘';     <*8)$     :7‘';     :-:1     ,.8;%    
85.,7     <''23     .0,     1/4     -$&&*    
3<(8     *%1&     .,'*     .0+, $    ,.%3/    
('&     ,8.*6     :&6     .*( $    98<4    
23($,%9 <'*'5     :12     152     '/'7/    
6308     &/+&     231*& .$8     ,:5/6    
/<$     <<$(3     1*‘& $    23.<:( %:-,1/-    
($05     ,1+,7     .)89     .)0= $    ,=,52    
($= $    /84'0     .5$     1<'; $$    /;$    
20,.     <)'$(     23./-7 164:     23/;12
5$55     <''69     1*/6     :21     /<88    
/<$;     <<5$%     .2‘=     1+((     23/<%88
/<<<     ,26     .'*<     :=7     ,=-01    
(:/0     23,8,*; 114'     1*2     ,4;=    
3'%     :*,'     1'‘&     23.*+$ 23,:(75
63:31     <)(-9     .'-     :8‘%     64(;0    
+=/*     <*)2&     $..     10=:     <%‘)<$    
2+8;     '2:+8     :$=0+     .,00     <&<(1    
63$/7     '2://     :7&     :74     9.7=    
(87/     (%$     1:4     ..(     0‘0&9    
64:     92,'; $$    $(<%     .*,*&     0‘%7=    
07';     640     :,88     :$/)'     ))6.    
63.;     2.;''     :0%&     .98     3<'&    
'2(0$     &5$74     :$1:/     .;)5     <)')%    
64632     '10'8     .4&%     :75     ,.‘10-    
538     -33=*     1*%     23.+7- =$. $   
63*.     ,8.%/ $    .64&     .6*     /=‘0    
,8/&6     6%$ $$    $$'&     :$/(<     23/=6;
/=3:     6%/     167     18$     64&/    
%'.8(     (:0=     .1'0     1.7     08.    
3'-&%     '0($;     .5=     .:';     235/'
<&*%6     0$;     1+'     .-0     9(97    
,.,22     <&‘0$7     .‘02     18$     .+&--    
92&53     62.5     .-*     .75     2+(&0    
<7$.2     637=     .05     .*0<     8$&85    
$(-=     9(;.=     .‘.5     :$(08     '/0+-    
+4''/     %,;'7     1(68     1(7&     8$‘68    
'0&%     640/=     111     .'+2)     5,/    
,8,<:     2+%./     :$30$     .97     235='
637.:     '.%0     :$+*:     $(':     ')‘%9    
0.&,     '2*6     $&13     .,8     23'/0$-
+$''     3$5     1‘.2(     1*6$     2=1$    
+3$))     7$2/6     .($61     1;7     2/5    
(‘$%     643     .1‘:     23:4; 232.9:.
+$/=     ($$09     1)</     .;98 $    <22+<    
(‘(90     '2*-     .&6/     $$‘$,     7$0$    
(‘:&*     0;‘21/     .(*6     :‘%) $    7.5%    
;(8)     &6$01     1&0,     .0&.     ,‘26,    
6,     9(9-5     :0-     .%85,     ((5    
%*.&4     6107     .$86     23($,$
9$33/     ,8‘.77     $)&&     '; 590    
($-='     38(/+ $    .78-     576 $    60)=2    
%;$*)     3<&3 $    $%<.     25)     9(+0    
'8/$9     <)‘785     1.'     )*.+     '/‘1*    
'2$;     7,37     .0(     23)$66 23'.1&
%*.(4     <&(- $    1--     &%(     810%+    
(,+$%     <80$9     :,/<     23&((,2 0:0    
,8‘/59     ($-==     :((=     7,2<     23*:%9-
8%'45     /&$     :*;     2$66     ($20    
(‘*7'     23/%7, .%%4     ,.81$     23'-2-
,8(';     3<)54     :,.     =/<     ,8$3%    
5&‘&%     ($$00     1'&     85(1     6930+    
'/$/     <*(2< $    :'$&     642'     5$&&.    
98('8     (‘85'     15‘'     507     /;*73$    
$3     '13:     1.=     9('''     23*73$
($,=7     <*)=5 $    :+5/     '/‘+0.     606    
631,9     .&9<;     23')+1 23606,&
),'/     1%+;     &(-=2     '/-6    
.'707     ,8)6/     2.30$    
98('+
05$6








75,%$1'(56,1*/( $&(2     '30     8$689    
625=
6‘3%








(/(0(17 :7('
105





 

'8-$<  
23'.,3
 
2+12$
85:&4




 
 
:+)4,     8QLWHG6WDWHV .755     9(27/     618    
98%=7     1)$ $    128     9(7:     23638)<
,8-<0     23131 .$$     /8''     <&),.    

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP 6HSWHPEHU ‡ &4‡ 

 /$+)$     '/(0$     ((%     *,9+2     <&)$-    
($+=0     6$+8%     23($<% </6     6.0    
-$+<6     -(0+/     966     23</=) 137;    
=0$     ,8‘0%-     23.)(<< 0‘5,8     858-    
23=/&: 9(-6     8$$%-     37$:     '8';7    
20.+7     ,.;7<     2.&/'     64/88     +60<:    
2320$7 -$&5-     24%     ')/21     69219    
8,$     98.:-     2321%+4 -+'5/     69300    
9(-+     63$9*     5;9     5::=     <&'0.    
63$:-     -$-10     -2.0%     ,;&/'     ,.733    
,=‘&2*     '8)&&     '/=3     <77$     &6)24    
2.7&     (&';     0‘66.     +%%81     23&7)24
3*5     64$0     5$‘8-     6';     </*<    
9((+     '-+5     20-3     63,     9(*7    
5$$$     0‘;/7     *<5=     &7$%3     3'';    
)&'5     .0$*     0,$     =8     3=    
,;+31     </,5     230,‘8/. 9.%&4     *3')    
(,&7%     64)     -5&6<     8%$     -+66-    
<2)/0     9(%*3     9(*&     2350$$ 211/    
2.%-     -$2=     ,=;1-     6(:     <%1';    
,==.9     ,7$$.     %+//3     236$‘%<3 5&,    
-$&95     ,8*:-     5$/     .939     235,5
5$'43     7$(3     (‘)7;     66     '/$26    
+%7     *%((     ,.1='     2360;6+ <9.3    
23+%(/9 )$.+     2++6     /$&-     <7((    
8;,;     (629     ')$8     '/=$-    
33:(%    
,.;79     2+0=$     &(:<=     ($(+:    
,=6$,    
-):17     232+=$$ 60<(&     6:    
-,)/%     .3-)5     3(+:2    
9(667     ,:,$8    
,18):     -+)8)     98,%,     ')/;    
5&8     %'9.    
,8-(,     %'74;     -10;7     *2 $   
9.)+44     603‘23     %:-/5'&     23&(23
($5$5     3<,$;    
235$5 233‘2 ,.54)     <96:    
63%/&     /<4     ,.,.:     <2,35 $   
'+';3     -$+.5    
'/+%     ,:%=<     60‘-&$     ':75=    
35$<(     &0101     ,8%,3     85< $   
:0,/+5     ,.4/'    
2.1     (8';     9..77     2386‘<:
-$(-*     *<     ,.*:+     <9*3$    
/8.$    
')<&     230‘1&* ,:‘%&) $    707    
,.<'3    
+=*7     :'(1     5$$$$ $    23)9.7
5/%.    
232*. <'&3=     993 $    +*5    
(‘3/$    
69&8'     /$2.$     ()5     23:%‘7(9 (:%$    
63.-8     +/,8*0.    23($(<2 5$-     =6-    
23630'< 23,8*0. <%:$     5877     2..    
647     /'67     ,:(&3     81(     232.;2(
,:3:&     -$..$     23‘-     ('%     6%7    
,9(:2     -.3%2     2321*) 23($%2; ();    
3<%1     -/2*=     (4     8$/$2     ,=195    
-+&(1     9886*     63,9'     69&2/     '/*$&    
646$$     --‘-;2     '+$.<     $$     2*7    
9(0*<     %+6<3     <&(-/     23$$$ 232+79
,1-5=     *+2     <2'%$     2++$4     0‘;,,    
*:.%2     23*6$ '/'&;     ,8&+(     5$0    
,.$8.     =9&     -(%20     <&‘5,     ,.208    
8$-17     233<&; <&(--     0‘515     3-'.21    
'/*&(     &(8*(     33';     ($0‘(';     23'.21
/%/*     184&     599/     230‘('; +/<,    
-+075     -+6&$     -+5'8     ($&&*     $70    
,=$,)     3<'30     --37.     ,)*;     239808'
3$96     -5/5<     <'9*-     3</&'     5$'-$    
64297     -(‘&%6     ($,00     2/:     <2&0,    
,./),     ((.     98+3*     9.46     <%(&*    
8%$+<     23($$9 6&     '/5&( $    '+712    
-$(%7     *:/     -(63<     00'     -$$45    
''0$     23*:=$5 <2-:     23*0$7$ *-)6    
<%‘.77     <90$<     20‘$75     813*     '*52    
*))1     5/&     '22'     <%523     %'5'8    
($:     <&1+:     9(81%    
231/) *=     239((;
-$*=.     /&7     ,=5() $   
:6$     23/$%)$ <882    
Looking Ahead... <7$
+$7,




 
 
-.16'
(8(

$


 
 
2+)7$
(($




 
 
(((     '/'+     $%    
64337     2.'-     -$‘*&,    
2.1)3     6%%     85.%3    
+HUHDUHVRPHRIWKHDUWLFOHVZH¶UHZRUNLQJ (:= $$    9(&07     2/5 $   
23(8$ <7. $    64+    
RQIRUXSFRPLQJLVVXHVRI&4 5-3     23<8.: 23643/+
3-';     8;,6     0%,5    
==7     ,.‘;%;     ,=$1.    
233<01/ 5== $$    $77    
(PHUJHQF\&RPPXQLFDWLRQV6SHFLDOLQ ,2)     6::     -*/)5    
23,=64: 2(6     9$,5 $   
2FWREHU $$$     232(9(/
'.):     (:3    
‡ $PDWHXU5DGLR7KH$PHULFDQ/HJLRQDQG 899     6((    

'LVDVWHU&RPPXQLFDWLRQV
238;97 2360'4( &+(&./2*6
+=7/     8=0     ;/) 76 $%$, $,= %'1'
001     23870= %'$+3 %*.$- %*3$ %+4%9
‡$UL]RQD+DPV+HOSDW³0XVHXP)LUH´ 2300‘*3= 2.7$     %+6.3&7($7&;90')5)'*5
<4$     *390     '-8&'./-'.7%/'.-&'/($/
23<2%+1 37=7     '/';$'//-'/8''0%-'0-.
&./5/     *0‘236     '2$30 '23$ '2.$6 '56,'
239(/5/ 3&7     ($) ()'( (& ($&) ($**2
,5=     500    
3OXV« %$'/     6$    
($*4 ($,7 ($'8 ($&53
($5&7 ($)2 ($*9 ($$0
8=::     63$<$    
‡ $OO7LPH 5HFRUGV &4 :RUOG :LGH '; 5:&4     8$‘6(    
(%$'' (&&5 (&.: ((‘‘9
(63$ (852 (9$ (:0 (:5)
'//$0     '/5$5    
&RQWHVW --‘-0/     /7)     (:) (:20 )7,2 *‘%%2 *6-0
+$26+$+;+$-3+*$+*)0=
(%'-     23/8)29
‡ $QRWKHU&4 &ODVVLF)LUVW([SHULPHQWV:LWK 52$     (5&7     +/=,; ,198 ,%% ,.562 ,.1%(
,50 ,8%+, ,9=&6 ,9=;4 ,:(',
62/     /;+'    
7UDQVLVWRUV6HSW 2363:,7 89,=     ,=8-(,=',,,=*1*-$'-<-176<
-7&6 .36 .1' .&+: .3(&
</7     9(9<    
+=),     3<)2     /$;. /&8 /89, /;‘5/ /<&2
23'/50& *3     /<: /<;: /=1* /=3- /=$)
8SFRPLQJ6SHFLDO,VVXHV 6009(
'.%$




 
  ,.3:6  
23*<33
 
/=+5 0‘019 0($0 1<% 1:7
1/) 16% 1&&& 140 2()=2
2FWREHU (PHUJHQF\ '*).
,1=15




 
 
:3';    
23.3:.
2+.$ 2+%4 2+&: 2+::
2.%9 2.%= 2.-9; 2.4$ 2/$
&RPPXQLFDWLRQV 6(;    
236$%<&
68
6014%




 
 
20$12 20&' 20/0 217*
21:9 2=*+ 3$‘3,: 3$‘9/<
'HFHPEHU 7HFKQRORJ\ '/‘/.    
23'*$.
'-0+
(‘&91




 
 
3$‘:%3 3'‘*3 388$, 3<;9
3<&& 5$+6 5$&< 5&$ 5.;
)HEUXDU\ 453 ')$-
8::8




 
 
00$:'
8://




 
 
5<< 5&: 5$&( 5$.8 5*$
5-0 5.0;7 5/$ 51) 59/&7
-XQH 7DNHLWWRWKH)LHOG 2(-6/
,:‘*7$




 
 
'.‘:$(    
23'0-%1
5:‘$55:515;;$5;$)5<)
5=$' 65 60‘+53 61% 610
()2     3<.1     62) 622 625 63-'= 63($4
23($$22 639,+     63&= 63+ 63;&1 63< 64.:
3$$/     63:*%    
'R \RX KDYH D KREE\ UDGLR VWRU\ WR WHOO" 98'('     /<76    
6457, 64%)6 64/ 641*9
640=69)%*7)'&7.0+8$‘6
6RPHWKLQJ IRU RQH RI RXU VSHFLDOV" &4 QRZ 871<
'/'4/




 
 
61:    
2364*;2
%4 8$206 8$$$& 8$1&, 8$-
8$-4 8%0%$ 814:$ 81-;
FRYHUVWKHHQWLUHUDGLRKREE\6HHRXUZULWHUV¶ /$/-$
5&:




 
 
6)0    
23606<2 813*$ 8558% 85:&: 8545
8645: 8:8 8;,% 8=) 9$,.
JXLGHOLQHV RQ WKH &4 ZHEVLWH DW KWWS '/1(2
60<12




 
 
($;5
60%




 
  9(2$9.,*9.-21981;,:*)9
:/(:05'<%7.<'8<-</7'
ELWO\T%)2G8! &7+70
/8))




 
  ,7$&- 
236$‘%9$
   </9:</)7</*8<2,$<2.*6
6%:     '40     <26$2 <26%5 <2664 <2*'1
/8.&4     23'.63 <7‘=<7:=<=/5;=/$6

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 ADVERTISERS’ INDEX
SEPTEMBER 2019

Advertiser Page Phone Website

100 Watts & A Wire ...............................81 .............................................www.100WATTSANDAWIRE.COM
Advanced Specialties Inc. ..................35 .........201-VHF-2067.............www.advancedspecialties.net
Air Boss — Innovative Tech. .................49 .........252-249-0287..............www.kr4loairboss.com
Alinco .....................................................41 .........209-900-1296..............www.alinco.com
Amateur Radio Roundtable................93 .........901-570-2188..............www.W5KUB.com
Buddipole Antennas ............................27 .........503-591-8001..............www.buddipole.com
CQ Amateur Radio Calendar.............47 .........516-681-2922..............http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com
CQ Merchandise ..................................21 .........516-681-2922..............http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com
CW Easy/Success Easy.........................35 .........561-302-7731..............www.success-is-easy.com
Communications Concepts, Inc. .......67 .........937-426-8600..............www.communication-concepts.com
Cutting Edge.........................................35 .........831-427-8197..............www.powerportstore.com
DX World Guide ....................................18 .........516-681-2922..............http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com
Dits and Dahs ........................................93 .........516-681-2922..............http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com
EZ Hang..................................................35 .........540-286-0176..............www.ezhang.coms
Elecraft...................................................91 .........831-763-4211..............www.elecraft.com
Electric Radio Magazine......................49 .........720-924-0171..............www.ermag.com
HamTestOnline ......................................61 .........888-857-6164..............www.hamtestonline.com
Icom America Inc.................................23 .............................................www.icomamerica.com
International DX Association ...............39 .............................................www.indexa.org
KJI Electronics........................................49 .........973-571-1930..............www.kjielectronics.com
LDG...................................1,Cov II,Cov. III .........410-586-2177..............www.ldgelectronics.com
Mastwerks ..............................................63 .........503-372-6474..............www.mastwerks.com
PowerPort ..............................................35 .........831-427-8197..............www.powerportstore.com
preciseRF ...............................................77 .........503-915-2490..............www.preciserf.com
QCWA ....................................................49 .........352-425-1097..............www.qcwa.org
RF Parts...................................................19 .........800-921-4834..............www.rtsystems.com
RT Systems...........................................9,71 .........800-921-4834..............www.rtsystems.com
REACT Int’l .............................................98 .........301-316-2900..............www.REACTintl.org
SwapMyRig............................................61 .........850-385-3769..............www.swapmyrigs.com
W2IHY Technologies .............................39 .........845-889-4253..............www.w2ihy.com
W5SWL .....................................................35 ..............................................www.W5SWL.com
W7DXX Remote ......................................77 ..............................................www.w7dxx.com
YLRL ........................................................58 .............................................www.ylrl.org
Yaesu ...................................6,7,15,Cov IV .........714-827-7600..............www.yaesu.com

/HW&4 KHOS\RXJHWWKHPRVWIRU\RXUDGYHUWLVLQJGROODU
Contact Dottie K, CQ’s Advertising Director
at 516-681-2922 x 106 or via email at ads@cq-amateur-radio.com
 HAMSHOP
$GYHUWLVLQJ5DWHV1RQFRPPHUFLDODGVDUHFHQWVSHUZRUGLQFOXGLQJDEEUHYLDWLRQVDQGDGGUHVVHV&RPPHUFLDODQGRUJDQL]DWLRQDGVDUH
SHUZRUG%ROGIDFHZRUGVDUHHDFKVSHFLI\ZKLFKZRUGV0LQLPXPFKDUJH1RDGZLOOEHSULQWHGXQOHVVDFFRPSDQLHGE\IXOO
UHPLWWDQFH$OODGVPXVWEHW\SHZULWWHQGRXEOHVSDFHG
&ORVLQJ'DWH7KHWKGD\LQWKHWKLUGPRQWKSUHFHGLQJGDWHRISXEOLFDWLRQH[DPSOH-DQWKIRUWKH0DUFKLVVXH%HFDXVHWKHDGYHUWLVHUV
DQGHTXLSPHQWFRQWDLQHGLQ+DP6KRSKDYHQRWEHHQLQYHVWLJDWHGWKH3XEOLVKHURI&4 FDQQRWYRXFKIRUWKHPHUFKDQGLVHOLVWHGWKHUHLQ7KH
SXEOLVKHUUHVHUYHVWKHULJKWWRUHMHFWDQ\DGYHUWLVHPHQW'LUHFWDOOFRUUHVSRQGHQFHDQGDGFRS\WR &4 +DP6KRS:HVW-RKQ6WUHHW+LFNVYLOOH
1< ID[HPDLOKDPVKRS#FTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP!

:DQWHG 2OG VOLGH UXOHV IRU SHUVRQDO FROOHFWLRQ 6HQG 72:(5 $&&(6625,(6 *LQ3ROH.LWV±VWDQGRIIEUDFNHWV± 1($7 678)) ':0&RPPXQLFDWLRQVKWWSTWKFRPGZP!
LQIRWRGEBFXQQLQJKDP#KRWPDLOFRP DQWHQQDPRXQWV±YHKLFOHUDGLRPRXQWV±IRU\HDUV,,;
(TXLSPHQW/WGKWWSZZZZLL[FRP! 352027,21$/ 9,'(2 PLQXWH'9'GHVFULEHVDPDWHXU
0RUVH&RGHRQD&'-XVWZDQW$WR=DQG=HURWRLQ UDGLR¶VIXQDQGSXEOLFVHUYLFH'HWDLOVZZZQHRKDPRUJ!
FRGHRQO\&RQWDFW5RQDOG.'):& +20(%5(: ³5HFROOHFWLRQVRID5DGLR5HFHLYHU´DSDJH
ERRN RQ +%5 KRPHEUHZ UHFHLYHUV  GHOLYHUHG H%RRN RQ :$17(' 2/' 46/ &$5' &2//(&7,216 &ROOHFWRUVHHNV
:DQWHG%DFNLVVXHRI&4PDJD]LQH$SULO(PDLO
GDYLGFERKQ#JPDLOFRP
$0(&2$&',< .LWVZZZWKHQHZDPHFRFRP
$IIRUGDEOH&XVWRP$QWHQQD'HVLJQZZZDQWEXLOGFRP
5HFRJQL]HWKHVLJQDWXUH&:VRXQGVRIRYHUZRUGV
6WDUWWRUHDGZKROHZRUGVVHQWLQIDVW0RUVHFRGH
KWWSVZZZKHDUFZZRUGVFRP
&'520'HWDLOVZZZZKKWFRP! 86 ';FDUGV:95./DLUG7HUUDFH6RPHUVHW1-
HPDLOWSOOUV#FRPFDVWQHW!
';3(',7,21'9' 9,'(26 )RUIXOOGHVFULSWLRQDQGKRZWR
RUGHUZZZNXHHFRPGYG! 7(/(*5$3+.(<,1)250$7,21$1'+,6725<086(
80 KWWSZWSFRP!
$506 ±$PDWHXU5DGLR0LVVLRQDU\1HW&KULVWLDQ)HOORZVKLS
1HW (YHU\RQH :HOFRPH  'DLO\ H[FHSW 6XQGD\ +$0 5$',2 *,)76ZZZPDLQHVWRUHFRP!
±=±+U'67:HEVLWHZZZTVOQHWDUPV
)7$1' +&8&5<67$/6ZZZDINFRP
9257(;$17(11$ 6<67(06 VSHFLDOLVWLQ+)DQG9+)KLJK
SHUIRUPDQFHDQWHQQDV<DJLVDQG'HOWD/RRSV/LQHDU/RDGHG
<DHVX )7' +)9+)8+) *UHDW PRELOH ULJ ZLWK 2/'46/V$YDLODEOH ¶VDQG¶V';DQG86$6SHFLI\
DQGP$UUD\V2:$$UUD\VEHVSRNHLQGLYLGXDOGHVLJQ
PDQXDOLQWHUQDONH\HUDQGPLNH 
5)&211(&7256 *$'*(763DUWV3URGXFWV
DQG0RUHZZZ:6:/FRP
.H\FKDLQ453:RUOGV6PDOOHVW+)7UDQVPLWWHU+DQGPDGH
VROXWLRQV $QWHQQD UHODWHG KDUGZDUH :H VKLS ZRUOGZLGH FDOOVHQG6$6(:64$#DUUOQHW
LQFOXGLQJ1RUWK$PHULFDZZZYRUWH[DQWHQQDVFRXN!RUE\
HPDLOWRHQTXLULHV#YRUWH[DQWHQQDVFRXN! 5), )LOWHUVZZZ5)FKRNHFRP!
³:RUOGRI.H\V±.H\V,,,´ ERRNIHDWXUHVKLJKO\GHWDLOHGYLHZV 627$ %($06KWWSZZZVRWDEHDPVFRXN!*&:
DQGSKRWRVRINH\VEXJVDQGSDGGOHVOLNHIHZSHRSOHKDYH
LQWKH86$ZZZELWO\.H\FKDLQ453! HYHUVHHQ$OVRVWLOODYDLODEOH³.H\V,,´ DQG³453 &5$1.$:$77 3RZHU  0RUH YLD .(1<6 9LVLW ZZZ
5RPSV´ SOXV³<RXU*XLGHWR+))XQ´ $YDLODEOH )DFWRU5HDG\FRP!
*(7 7+( )&& ³&200(5&,$/´ 5$',27(/(3+21( IURPGHDOHUVQDWLRQZLGH
/,&(16()DVWLQH[SHQVLYHKRPHVWXG\FRXUVH&RPPDQG )079 $57,&/(6 &RPSUHKHQVLYH WUDQVPLWWHU DQG UHFHLYHU
3URGXFWLRQV ZZZ/LFHQVH7UDLQLQJFRP )UHH LQIR  3$&.(75$',2$1'025(-RLQ7$35FRQQHFWZLWKWKH GHYLDWLRQFDOLEUDWLRQVWDQGDUGVLQWHUPRGXODWLRQSRZHUDPSOL
 ODUJHVWDPDWHXUUDGLRGLJLWDOJURXSLQWKH86&UHDWRUVRIWKH ILHUFDOFXODWLRQV:%240KWWSPDWKLVRQIUHHVKHOORUJ
71&VWDQGDUGZRUNLQJRQ6RIWZDUH'HILQHG5DGLRWHFKQRO
1(9(5KDYHDQRWKHUIDXO\SDWFKFDEOHSDJHSKRWRLOOXV RJ\%HQHILWVQHZVOHWWHUVRIWZDUHGLVFRXQWVRQNLWVDQGSXE :DQQD KDP LQ WKH &$<0$1 ,6/$1'6"´ *R WR ZZZ
WUDWHGPDQXDOGHWDLOVDUHYROXWLRQDU\SURFHGXUHIRUDVVHPEOLQJ OLFDWLRQV )RU PHPEHUVKLS SULFHV VHH WKH 7$35 ZHEVLWH PDUW\NDLVHUFRPDKWP!
IDLOXUHSURRI FRD[LDO FDEOH SDWFKHV  SRVWSDLG 86 KWWSZZZWDSURUJ!
 IRUJHLJQ 5: 3DUNHU  6OHHS\ +ROORZ 5RDG ZZZ6HFRQG+DQG5DGLRFRP
3HQQVXEXUJ3$ +21'85$6';9$&$7,21 .$OSKD6WHSS,50HDOV
&DOO6LJQ6WXIIZZZKDP458FRP.7‘00<
:$17('.F6KLSV7UDQVPLWWHU,(0$&.$<0$5,1(
$ZZ]#DROFRP
12 1216(16(/,&(16( 678'< *8,'(6NEQXFRPFT
:DQWHG&KDQQHO0DVWHUPRGHO4XDQWXP$QWHQQDVRU
PRUHLQER[JRRGFRQGLWLRQ:-*LEEV-U+RZDUG6WUHHW
&ROXPELD1&
453-6FDOH0LFURNH\)XOO)XQFWLRQDO³%8*´0DGH
LQWKH86$E\.$,5/453-FRP!
3UHPLXP 5) &RQQHFWRUV $QWHQQDV &RD[ 3DUWV DQG
$FFHVVRULHV:6:/¶V+DP6WRUH²ZZZ'DYHV+REE\
3ULYDWH)DFLOLWLHV+5-
+< 32:(5 $17(11$ &203$1< KWWSZZZ IUHHZHEV
FRPK\SRZHU! 0XOWLEDQG GLSROHV GHOWD ORRSV KDOI VTXDUHV
DQG453DQWHQQDV
1(: $0$7(85 5$',2 0$3 ZLWK ';&& OLVW XSGDWHV )XOO
FRORU  [  ±  )UHH VKLSSLQJ RQ FOXE RUGHUV
KWWSZZZKDPUDGLRPDSTWKFRP
453 .,76ZZZEUHDGERDUGUDGLRFRP!
1((' 523(" $OO NLQGV W\SHV LQFOXGLQJ DQWHQQD URSH
KDXOLQJ JLQ )5(( IUHH FRQVXOWDWLRQ *R WR KWWSZZZ
GDYLVURSHDQGFDEOHFRP! 9HWHUDQ RZQHG .3(. 

+)0RELOHRU)L[HG9LUWXDO;$QWHQQD3DWHQW )RU6DOHRU
/LFHQVH5HTXHVW)UHH3RZHU3RLQW3UHVHQWDWLRQILOH6KRZV
GHVLJQGHWDLOVSLFWXUHVSURWRW\SHWHVWV'HVLJQDSSOLHVWRD
EURDGIUHTXHQF\UDQJHIRUPDQWDQWHQQDDUUD\VEHDPVYHUWL
FDOVOJVOD\#VEFJOREDOQHW!/DUU\6OD\.:8/
)25 6$/(6DPOH[3RZHU6XSSO\ 0RGHO6(&9
#  DPSV 1RW ZRUNLQJ ,QFOXGHV RSHUDWLQJ PDQXDO DQG
VFKHPDWLF3ULFHRUEHVWRIIHU&RQWDFW+DUU\:+54DW
KDUU\JUD]LDQR#JPDLOFRP!RUSKRQH
<$(68)7KDV)0)0XQLW<)$N+]$0ILO
WHU DQG PDQXDO 3UREOHP ZLWK PDLQ WXQLQJ RWKHUZLVH JRRG
)&0+]:UHPRWH$78IRU)7RU
)7 ZRWNLQJ ZLWK FDEOHV DQG PDQXDO  6KLSSLQJ
DGGLWLQDO.%'0'
6KRSFRP
)8785( 7,0(6 'UHDPV DQG YLVLRQV RI 'LVDVWHUV *UHDW
JXLGHERRNIRU+DPVZZZ[OLEULVFRPIXWXUHWLPHVKWPO $17(11$ 72:(5+$5':$5( $OXPLQXPSODWHV%RRP
:$17(',%00RGHO06SDFH6DYLQJ.H\ERDUG&DOO.‘.* WRHOHPHQWVERRPWRPDVW*39HUWLFDODQWHQQDJURXQGSODWHV
RUHPDLONHLWKJLOEHUWVRQ#TFRP! 5RKQ  WR FURVV DUPV SODWHV +H[DEHDP  VSLGHUEHDP
+$:$,,';9$&$7,216WHSS,5DQWHQQDVDPSOLILHUVSUL
YDWH.+5&ZZZOHLODQLEHGDQGEUHDNIDVWFRP! +XEV0R[RQKXEV8EROWVZLWKVDGOHV$OOLQIRDWH::#
$0$7(85 5$',2 (/(&7521,&6+RPH6WXG\6RIWZDUH \DKRRFRPRUDWHED\VWRUHVWRUHVHED\FRP\]L]Ø
$SSVDQGH%RRNVZZZHSWVRIWFRP+RPH6WXG\
+$0 75$9(/(56 'LVFRXQW WUDYHO WRXUV FUXLVHV PRUH
ZZZ*UHDW([SHFWDWLRQ7UDYHOFRP :::,627521$17(11$6&20 )25 +) &+(&. ,7
32/<(67(5 523( H[FHOOHQW IRU DQWHQQD VXSSRUW DQG 287 &DOO  ZGHMD#LVRWURQDQWHQQDV
JX\LQJ*RWRZZZDXGLRWURQLFVXV!
ZZZSHLG[ORGJHFRP FRP!
5($/+$06'2&2'( 0RYHXSWR&:ZLWK&:0HQWDO%ORFN
%XVWHU,,, 6XFFHHGZLWKK\SQRVLVDQG1/3,QFOXGHVWZR
&'VDQG0DQXDO2QO\SOXVVK86)/DGG
WD[6XFFHVV(DV\6(0DSOH7HUUDFH3RUW6W/XFLH)/
SKRQHZZZVXFFHVVLVHDV\FRP!

7:2 1(: 129(/6LQYROYLQJKDPUDGLR)XOO&LUFOHDQG

)UR]HQLQ7LPHE\1;;9LVLWKWWSZZZWKHRGRUHFRKHQ
QRYHOVFRP!

46/LQJ6833/,(6HPDLOSOXPG[#PVQFRP!

&$6+)25 &2//,16+$//,&5$)7(566; '5$.(

75 %X\DQ\&ROOLQVHTXLSPHQW/HR.-+,SKRQHID[
HPDLOUDGLROHR#JPDLOFRP!

0LFUR/RJE\:$Ø+
(DV\WRXVHORJJLQJSURJUDP
)UHHGRZQORDGZZZZDKFRP

ZZZROGTVOFDUGVFRP

29(56($6$,50$,/ 3267$*( SOXVFRPSOHWHOLQHRIDLUPDLO

HQYHORSHV2UGHUGLUHFWO\IURPRXUZHEVLWH-DPHV(0DFNH\
SURSULHWRUZHEVLWHZZZDLUPDLOSRVWDJHFRP!

 ‡ &4 ‡6HSWHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH

 BEST PRODUCTS. BEST VALUE. BEST WARRANTY. CONTACT YOUR FAVORITE DEALER TODAY!

Using the LDG RT-100

Tuner in ATAS Mode
WORKS WITH THE FOLLOWING YAESU MODELS:
FT-891, FT-991 (A), FT-857 (D), FT-897 (D), FT-450 (D), FT-100 (D)

HF ANTENNA
10:1 SWR RANGE
HF / 50MHZ

1. PLACE RADIO IN ATAS MODE RADIO

3. THE TUNER WILL TUNE WITH 10 WATTS
2. PRESS PTT AND PRESS “UP” ON MIC 4. OPERATE NORMALLY
PROCEDURE COURTESY OF LONG-TIME LDG CUSTOMER NO9E

support@ldgelectronics.com 410-586-2177 www.ldgelectronics.com