1

PDG
Candidate Name ( )

ANDERSON JUNIOR COLLEGE

2010 JC2 Preliminary Examination

PHYSICS 9646/03
Higher 2
Paper 3 Longer Structured Questions Friday 17 September 2010
2 hours

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name, register number and PDG on the spaces provided above.
Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Section A
Answer all questions. For Examiner’s Use

1
Section B
Answer any two questions. 2

It is recommended that you spend about one hour on each section. 3

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. 4
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each 5
question or part question.
6

Deduction

Total

This question paper consists of 20 printed pages.

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim [Turn Over

 2

Data

speed of light in free space, c = 3.00 x 108 m s-1

permeability of free space, μ0 = 4π x 10-7 H m-1

permittivity of free space, ε0 = 8.85 x 10-12 F m-1

(1/(36π)) x 10-9 F m-1

elementary charge, e = 1.60 x 10-19 C

the Planck constant, h = 6.63 x 10-34J s

unified atomic mass constant, u = 1.66 x 10-27 kg

rest mass of electron, me = 9.11 x 10-31 kg

rest mass of proton, mp = 1.67 x 10-27 kg

molar gas constant, R = 8.31 J K-1 mol-1

the Avogadro constant, NA = 6.02 x 1023 mol-1

the Boltzmann constant, k = 1.38 x 10-23 J K-1

gravitational constant, G = 6.67 x 10-11 N m2 kg-2

acceleration of free fall, g = 9.81 m s-2

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim
 3

Formulae

uniformly accelerated motion, s = ut + ½ at2

v2 = u2 + 2as

work done on/by a gas, W = p ΔV

hydrostatic pressure, p = ρgh

gravitational potential,
φ = - Grm
displacement of particle in s.h.m., x = x0 sin ωt

velocity of particle in s.h.m., v = v0 cos ωt

= ±ω x0 2 − x 2

mean kinetic energy of a molecule of an ideal gas 3

E= KT
2

resistors in series, R = R1 + R2 + …

resistors in parallel, 1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + …

electric potential, Q
V =
4 πε 0 r

alternating current/voltage, x = x0 sin ωt

transmission coefficient, T ∝ exp (-2kd)

8π 2 m(U − E )
where k =
h2

radioactive decay, x = x0exp(- λt)

decay constant, 0 .6 9 3
λ=
t1
2

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim [Turn Over

 4

Section A

Answer all questions in this section.

1 (a) State Newton’s first law of motion and show it leads to the concept of force.

[2]

(b) A transport plane is to take off from a level landing field with two gliders in tow, one behind
the other as shown in Fig.1.1. Each glider has a mass of 1200 kg, and the friction force or
drag on each may be assumed to be constant and equal to 2000 N. The tension in the
cable between the transport plane and the first glider is not to exceed 10 000 N.

transport plane
glider glider

runway
Fig. 1.1

(i) Determine the maximum acceleration acquired by the gliders.

maximum acceleration = ……….………… m s-2 [2]

(ii) If a velocity of 40 m s-1 is required for take off, calculate the minimum length of
runway required.

minimum length = ………………………… m [2]

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim
 5
(iii) Explain how the minimum length of runway will vary if only one glider is towed.

[2]

2 (a) A mass of 170 g oscillates with simple harmonic motion. Fig. 2.1 shows the variation with
time t of the displacement y of the mass.

Fig. 2.1
(i) Use information from Fig. 2.1 to explain why the graph suggests that the oscillations
are undamped

[1]

(ii) On Fig. 2.2, draw a graph showing the variation with displacement y of the potential
energy Ep of the mass. [3]
Ep / mJ

y / cm
-3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0

Fig. 2.2
9646/03/AJC2010Prelim [Turn Over
 6

(b) Two charged points A and B are separated by a distance of 30.0 cm, as shown in Fig. 2.3.

Fig. 2.3
The variation with distance x from A along AB of the potential V is shown in Fig. 2.4.

Fig. 2.4

A test charge is moved along the line AB from x = 5.0 cm to x = 27 cm.

(i) Describe and explain the variation with distance x of the force acting on the test
charge.

[3]

(ii) State the value of x at which the force on the test charge is maximum.

x = ……….………… cm [1]
9646/03/AJC2010Prelim
 7

3 (a) A simple current balance is shown in Fig. 3.1.

current out
of loop
solenoid rider of 2.0 g
P
Y Q
S
R
Im or Ie X
`
current in
to loop

Fig. 3.1
A solenoid is connected to a horizontal rectangular copper loop PQRS, such that the same
current can pass through them. The loop is pivoted on two knife-edges X and Y and a rider
of mass 2.0 g is placed on PQ. Electrical connections are made through the knife-edges.

Fig. 3.2 shows how the magnetic flux density B varies along the length of the solenoid.

B / mT
120
100
80
60
40
20
end of centre of end of
solenoid solenoid solenoid
Fig. 3.2
When SR is at the centre of the solenoid and a current Im is passed through the loop, XY
needs to be at a quarter length of PS from PQ to balance the loop. When SR is at the end of
the solenoid and a current Ie is passed through the loop, XY needs to be shifted to midway
of the loop in order to regain its balance.

(i) Define the magnetic flux density.

[1]

(ii) Indicate on Fig. 3.1 the flow of the current through the solenoid. Label it Is. Explain
how you have obtained your answer.

[2]

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim [Turn Over

 8
(iii) Find the ratio of Im to Ie.

ratio = ………………………. [3]

(b) Fig. 3.3 shows a rectangular coil placed at the centre of the solenoid with its plane
perpendicular to the axis of the solenoid

solenoid coil

to oscilloscope

Fig. 3.3
The solenoid has a cross-sectional area of 0.0050 m2 and length 50 cm, having 400 turns.
The rectangular coil has 8 turns with dimensions of 0.010 m by 0.020 m. The ends of the
coil are connected to a cathode ray oscilloscope.

An alternating current of 50 Hz is passed through the solenoid. Its variation with time is as
shown in Fig. 3.4.
Current / A

1.5

10 20 30 40 Time / ms
-1.5
Fig. 3.4
(i) Explain why an e.m.f will be induced in the coil.

[2]
9646/03/AJC2010Prelim
 9

(ii) If magnetic flux density of solenoid, B = μ0nI ;

where μ0 is the permeability of free space;
n is the number of turns per unit length of solenoid;
I is the current through the solenoid,

calculate the e.m.f induced in the coil.

induced e.m.f = ………………………. V [3]

(iii) Sketch a graph showing how the induced e.m.f in the coil varies with time over two
cycle of current change. [2]
Induced e.m.f / mV

Time / ms
10 20 30 40

4 (a) The photoelectric experiment provided the first evidence for the particulate nature of light.
Describe one observation from the photoelectric experiment and explain how it provides
evidence for the particulate nature of electromagnetic radiation.

[2]

(b) An experiment where two metal plates X and Y are contained in an evacuated container
and are connected in a circuit was conducted as shown in Fig. 4.1. Curve E in Fig. 4.2
shows the current through the microammeter as a function of p.d. applied across XY when
incident light falls on plate X.

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim [Turn Over

 10

Monochromatic incident light I / μA

p q
Curve E
X Y μA
Curve F
V
O

A B C
p.d. / V
V2 V1

Fig. 4.1 Fig. 4.2

(i) The work function energy of metal X is 1.3 eV and the wavelength of the incident light
is 550 nm. Determine the value of V1 in Fig. 4.2.

Value of V1 = ………………………… V [2]

(ii) State the position of the sliding contact O to give the part pq shown on curve E in
Fig. 4.2. Explain your answer.

[2]

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim
 11

(iii) The experiment in Fig. 4.1 was changed to obtain the curve F in Fig. 4.2. State and
explain the change(s) made to the experiment to produce the curve F.

[2]

(c) Another experiment was planned to investigate the properties of semiconductors. Discuss
qualitatively the origin of the depletion region at the p-n junction and use this to explain how
a p-n junction can act as a rectifier.

[3]

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim [Turn Over

 12

Section B

Answer two questions in this section.

5 a (i) Define linear momentum.

[1]

(ii) State Newton’s second law.

[1]

(iii) Use your answer in (i) and (ii) to show that F = m a where F is the force, m is the mass
and a is the acceleration.

[1]

(iv) State the principle of conservation of momentum.

[1]

(b) A firework of mass 0.30 kg is launched with an initial velocity v of 8.0 m s-1 at an angle of 60°
to the ground, which is horizontal. Fig. 5.1 shows the path of the firework from the point of
projection O to the point of maximum height P.

v
60°
O ground
Fig. 5.1

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim
 13

At the instant when the firework is at P, an internal explosion separates it into two parts, A
and B. The mass of A is 0.2 kg and the mass of B is 0.1 kg. Immediately after the
explosion, part A is momentarily at rest and part B moves horizontally. Parts A and B then
move on different paths and strike the ground. It is assumed that all effects of air
resistance are negligible for the whole process.

(i) Calculate the momentum of the firework just before the explosion.

momentum = …………………………kg m s-1 [1]

(ii) Calculate the momentum of part B immediately after the explosion.

momentum = …………………………kg m s-1 [2]

(iii) Determine the additional kinetic energy supplied to parts A and B by the explosion.

Additional kinetic energy = ………………………… J [3]

(iv) Sketch on Fig. 5.1 the paths followed by parts A and B after the explosion. Label
these paths as A and B clearly. [2]

(v) Calculate the time for part A to reach the ground.

time = ………………………… s [1]

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim [Turn Over
 14
(vi) Suggest and explain whether part B will take lesser, same or greater time to reach
the ground than your answer in (b)(v).

[2]

(vii) Determine the distance apart of parts A and B when they strike the ground.

Distance apart = ………………………… m [1]

(c) (i) If the firework in part (b) fails to explode and air resistance is not negligible, will the
firework reach a point lower, same or higher than point P? Explain.

[2]

(ii) Sketch on Fig. 5.2 the path of the firework when it fails to explode where
1. air resistance is negligible. Label the path as R.
2. air resistance is not negligible. Label the path as S.
[2]

v
60°
ground
Fig. 5.2

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim
 15

6 (a) (i) Explain the meaning of the term diffraction.

[2]

(ii) A ripple tank experiment is used to observe the appearance of plane water waves
passing through gaps. Sketch on Fig. 6.1 and Fig. 6.2 the diffraction of the water
waves. [2]

Fig. 6.2
Fig. 6.1
(iii) A band is practising in the band room down the corridor with the door slightly ajar.
Explain why a student walking along the corridor can hear the band but cannot see the
band.

[1]

(b) A student was standing 5.50 m away a loudspeaker S1 placed at point X. The loudspeaker
S1 is transmitting with a power output of 20.0 W.
(i) Assuming the loudspeaker S1 is radiating uniformly in all directions and sound waves
from the loudspeaker strikes the surface of the student’s ear perpendicularly, calculate
the power intercepted by the student’s ear with an effective area of 2.0 × 10–3 m2.

power = ………………… W [2]

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim [Turn Over

 16
(ii) The actual power received by the student’s ear is 4.36 × 10–2 W. Suggest why the
actual power received is greater than that calculated in (b)(i).

[1]

(c) A second loudspeaker S2 placed at point Y is 1.2 m from loudspeaker S1 as shown in

Fig. 6.3. The sound waves from the two loudspeakers have frequency 2.75 kHz and speed
330 m s–1.
B
X
S1

1.2 m A
3.7 m
S2
Fig. 6.3
Y

(i) Explain what is meant by the principle of superposition with reference to the sound
waves emitted from the two loudspeakers.

[2]

(ii) Show that the wavelength of the sound waves is 0.12 m. [1]

(iii) The loudspeaker S1 emits a signal that arrives at point A with intensity I and the
loudspeaker S2 emits a signal that arrives at point A with intensity 2I. The student
now stands on the centre line at point A and hears a sound of maximum intensity.
As the student moves from point A to point B, the intensity varies between maximum
and minimum values. At point B, the distance S1B is 3.82 m and S2B is 4.12 m.
Determine the number of high intensity regions that are found between points A and
B. Do not include the maximum at point A.

number of high intensity regions = ……………… [2]

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim
 17
(iv) State one condition that allowed the student to be able to hear the maxima and
minima intensity pattern.

[1]

(v) Determine the intensity of the sound at point B in terms of I.

intensity = ………………….. [2]

(vi) Now, the two loudspeakers are placed closer together along the line joining X and Y.
Without any calculations, state the difference that would be detected by the student
as she walks from point B back to point A.

[1]

(d) Keeping the same frequency, the two loudspeakers S1 and S2 are now placed facing each
other, at a distance d apart as seen in Fig. 6.4. A microphone is placed at Z, midway
between loudspeakers S1 and S2.

S1 S2
d
Fig. 6.4
(i) Explain why the microphone detects maximum signal at point Z.

[1]

(ii) As the microphone moves from S1, a position of maximum intensity, to S2, also a
position of maximum intensity, along a line joining S1S2, it detects 6 positions of
minimum intensity. Determine the value of d.

distance d = ……………….. m [2]

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim [Turn Over
 18
7 (a) (i) Define, in the context of an electrical circuit, the following,

Coulomb

[1]

Joule

[1]

Watt

[1]

(ii) Based on your answers in (a)(i), hence, show the units for potential difference in terms
of SI base units. [2]

(b) A car headlamp is marked 12 V, 72 W.

(i) Calculate the working resistance of the car headlamp.

working resistance = ……………………… Ω [2]

(ii) The lamp in (b)(i) is connected to a battery of e.m.f. of 12 V with an internal resistance
of 0.20 Ω as shown in Fig 7.1.

0.20 Ω
car
headlamp
12 V

Fig 7.1
9646/03/AJC2010Prelim
 19

The car headlamp is switched on for a 20 minute journey.

1. Using your answer in (b)(i), calculate the current in the lamp.

current = ……………………... A [2]

2. the charge which passes through the lamp during the journey,

charge = ……………………… C [1]

3. the energy supplied to the lamp during the journey.

energy = ……………………… kJ [2]

(c) Two of the headlamps referred to in (b) are connected into the circuit shown in Fig 7.2, in
which one source of e.m.f. (generator of the car) is placed in parallel with the car battery and
the two lamps. Both lamps are on and are working normally.

15.0 V +
generator 0.20 Ω
–
12 V
R

Fig 7.2

The battery has an e.m.f. of 12.0 V and an internal resistance of 0.20 Ω. The generator has
an e.m.f. of 15.0 V and negligible internal resistance. The generator is in series with a
variable resistor R.
9646/03/AJC2010Prelim [Turn Over
 20
(i) The value of R is adjusted so that there is no current in the battery when the lamps are
on. Calculate

1. the current in the generator,

current = …………………… A [2]

2. the value of the resistance of R.

resistance = ………………………… Ω [2]

(ii) Calculate the current in the battery when both lamps are switched off, the value of R
remaining the same as in (i).

current = ……………………… A [2]

(d) Suggest two advantages which the circuit, as shown in Fig 7.2, has over a single power
source.

[2]

9646/03/AJC2010Prelim