INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The invention of plastic is one of the milestones in the twentieth

century. Plastic became a substitute for most of the conventional materials like

steel, wood etc. This could bring in enormous changes to the different phases

of human life. The plastics will be in the form of different objects like thin

sheets, carrying bags, containers and etc. (S. Sreenath and S. Harishankar,

2016).

Many studies about concrete mixed with different types of plastic has

materialize in searching for building material that is sustainable, versatile,

durable, and economical. Plastic have several properties that make them

superior to other materials in many applications. Plastics commonly have:

resistance to corrosion and chemicals, low electrical and thermal conductivity,

high strength-to-weight ratio, colors available in a wide variety and

transparent, resistance to shock, good durability, low cost, easy to

manufacture, resistant to water and have low toxicity.

Thus, the researcher come up with the idea of utilizing waste plastic

specifically polypropylene cups as a substitute for fine aggregates of concrete.

Polypropylene was a good counterpart of concrete for it is durable and has

high heat resistance. According to Mansi Jain and Rajeeve Kansal (2016)

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waste polypropylene (PP) is very cheap as compared to other materials like

glass, paper, glass bottles, and metal which are used as an aggregates in

concrete, therefore the use of waste PP as an aggregate in concrete

manufacturing is more economical path of recycling waste PP in concrete.

Significance of the Study

Plastic as an aggregate of concrete was widely studied by researchers

for it is economical and abundant. According to Baboo Rai et al (2012) plastic

is one component of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) which is becoming a major

research issue for its possible use in concrete. If plastic wastes can be mixed

in the concrete mass in some form, without significant effect on its other

properties or slight compromise in strength, we can consume large quantities

of plastic waste by mixing it in the concrete mass.

The study of cut polypropylene cup as a component of concrete can

help the engineers, contractors, building owners, and others who are using

concrete, minimizing the used of sand and obtain higher concrete production

with less production cost. Moreover, the study can help utilize the waste

plastics which will be helpful to humans to develop our quality of life through

eco-friendly construction materials and environmental problems will be

reduced.
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Objectives of the Study

The primary objective of the study is to make a concrete mixture with

cut polypropylene cup as a partial replacement of sand in concrete.

Furthermore, the study specifically aims the following:

1. determine the compressive strength of the concrete mixture;

2. determine the flexural strength of the concrete mixture; and

3. determine the density of the concrete mixture.

Expected Output

The expected output of the study is to have a partial replacement of

sand in concrete and to determine its mechanical properties the Compressive

strength, Flexural strength, and Density of concrete after 28 days of curing.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

The coverage of this study is to determine the effects of waste

polypropylene cup in concrete mixture. The test to be conducted are

compressive strength test, flexural strength test, and density of the concrete

mixture. The detailed scope and limitations of the study is further discussed in

the methodology.
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Time and Place of the Study

The study will be conducted from February 2019 to April 2019 at

Machinery, USM Campus, Kabacan, Cotabato. The compressive strength,

flexural strength, density will be tested at Department of Public Works and

Highways (DPWH), 1st Engineering District, Lanao Kidapawan City.

Operational Definition of Terms

The terms followed are conceptually defined as used in this study:

Cement is a binder, a substance used in construction that sets and hardens

and can bind other materials together.

Compressive strength is the capacity of the material or structure to withstand

loads tending to reduce its size, and determined by standard test

methods (ASTM C-39).

Density is the ratio of mass to its volume.

Flexural strength is also known as modulus of rupture, bend strength, or

fracture strength is a material property defined as the stress in a

material just before it yields in a flexural test (ASTM C-78).

Conceptual Framework

Fig. 1 shows the relationship between the dependent variables which

are the physical and mechanical properties of the material and the
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independent variables which are the different percentages of cut

polypropylene cup.

Dependent
Variables

Independent  Compressive
Variables Strength
 Flexural
Different percentages Strength
of cut polypropylene  Density
cup

Fig. 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study