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DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE,UNIVERSITY OF GONDAR

BY MARKOS TARIKU
ID 4669/08

SUBMITTED TO INSTRUCTOR TEWODROS HAILE


CONTENT
IN TROD U CTION
TH E H A N OI STATEMEN T
PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORLD PRIORITY REGIONS
HERITAGE MARINE BIODIVERSITY SOUTHEAST ASIA

WORKSHOP PACIFIC
EAST AND WEST AFRICA
MIDDLE EAST

CONCLUDING CHALLENGES
PRO CEE DINGS OF TH E WO R L D H E R ITAGE M AR I NE B I ODI V ER SI TY WO R KSHOP

I N TROD U CT I O N

W hile the oceans comprise 70% of the


earth’s surface yet, the biodiversity of
the marine realm is still being discovered
Coastal and marine ecosystems support most of our
Planet’s functioning and provide invaluable economic
benefits,
and described;

yet only about five percent of sites on the World Heritage


there are estimates of millions of species List are nominated for coastal-marine heritage values at
that have not been catalogued, and new this time.
species are discovered every year.

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BY MARKOS TARIKU I N T RO DUC T IO N T HE HANO I S TAT E ME NT PRIORITY REGIONS CONCLUDING CHALLENGES
PRO CEE DINGS OF TH E WO R L D H E R ITAGE M AR I NE B I ODI V ER SI TY WO R KSHOP

• Several reports on the state of ma- • e.g. climate change. Urgent action is needed to revert
rine ecosystems and related resourc- the decline of these globally signify
es give alarming indications on their
• The World Heritage Convention is a valuable mecha-
condition.
nism for conservation of marine ecosystems, but so
• For example, coral reefs and associ- far its full potential has not been exploited.
ated mangrove forests and sea grass
beds are severely threatened from
combination of human activities and
natural influences,

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BY MARKOS TARIKU I N T RO DUC T IO N T HE HANO I S TAT E ME NT PRIORITY REGIONS CONCLUDING CHALLENGES
PRO CEE DINGS OF TH E WO R L D H E R ITAGE M AR I NE B I ODI V ER SI TY WO R KSHOP
THE HA NO I S TAT E M E N T
•• Sixty-two coastal and marine • The workshop participants concluded that many marine,
scientific experts attended the and small island ecosystems have suffered and con-
“WHMBW: Filling Critical Gaps and tinue to suffer substantial environmental damage.
Promoting Multi-Site Approaches
to New Nominations of Coastal, • Therefore, Workshop participants recommend to the
Marine and Small Island Ecosystems” World Heritage Committee that should focus to ma-
rine, coastal and small island ecosystems:
•• Held in Hanoi, Vietnam on March, 2002.
•• Workshop participants gathered
to assess the marine biodiversity
of the Coastal realm and identify
opportunities to expand World
Heritage coverage of areas of (OUV).

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BY MARKOS TARIKU I N T RO DUC T IO N T HE HANO I S TAT E ME NT PRIORITY REGIONS CONCLUDING CHALLENGES
PRO CEE DINGS OF TH E WO R L D H E R ITAGE M AR I NE B I ODI V ER SI TY WO R KSHOP

PRIORITY REGIONS SOUTHEAST ASIA


• Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Myanmar,
• The group of sixty-two experts identified
Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam.
nearly 120 areas of importance as coastal,
• Combined, these countries have coastline of 92,451
marine and small island ecosystems that may
km2
merit consideration for World Heritage listing.
• Southeast East Asia is recognized as having the world’s
• SOUTHEAST ASIA richest marine biodiversity,
• PACIFIC • this region contains a high diversity of sea grass and
• EAST AND WEST AFRICA associated flora and fauna, with 16 species of sea
• MIDDLE EAST grass, in the coastal regions of the Philippines.
• The region contains high diversity of near shore fish,
with over 2000 species documented, sea snakes, and
marine mammals, and serves as critical habitat for
four species of sea turtle.

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BY MARKOS TARIKU I N T RO DUC T IO N T HE HANO I S TAT E ME NT PRIORITY REGIONS CONCLUDING CHALLENGES
PRO CEE DINGS OF TH E WO R L D H E R ITAGE M AR I NE B I ODI V ER SI TY WO R KSHOP

PACIFIC EAST AND WEST AFRICA


• Covers approximately 29 million km2 1/3of • The areas under consideration in East Africa in-
the earth’s surface, the largest expanse con- clude the mainland countries of Somalia, Ken-
sidered by regional groups. ya, and Tanzania, Mozambique and northern
• Includes the Hawaiian Islands and United South Africa and the island states of Madagas-
States and the Northern Mariana Islands,Is- car, Mauritius, Reunion, Comoros, and Mayotte .
lands of Australia and New Zealand,
• The area under consideration consists of • The area under consideration includes the coastline of
22islands countries and territories. Contains West Africa from Senegal to the Congo approximately
largely unexplored resource, the largest tuna 7000 km. twelve of the sixteen nations in this region
fishery, the deepest oceanic trenches and the are signatory parties to the World Heritage Convention.
healthiest remaining populations of many
globally threatened species including whales, MIDDLE EAST
sea turtles , salt water crocodiles, high hard • Includes the Red Sea and, the Gulf of Aden, the Arabi-
,soft coral,sea grass and mangrove diversity. an Sea and the Gulf sub-regions

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PRO CEE DINGS OF TH E WO R L D H E R ITAGE M AR I NE B I ODI V ER SI TY WO R KSHOP
CONCLUDING CHALLENGES
4) LACK OF INTEGRATION OF CULTURAL AND NATURAL VALUES
1) LOSS OF PRISTINE AREAS:
• Where appropriate, cultural heritage values need to be recognized
• Impacts from human pressures. Many human pressures, such as along with natural heritage values. Due to this recognition at the out-
destructive fishing practices, set of the workshop,
• Loss of vital habitats including coral reefs, and sea grasses 5) POLITICAL INSTABILITY:
,coastal, small island and ecosystems resources are at-risk.
• Political instabilities such as civil wars or ethnic unrest hinder both re-
2) INFORMATION GAPS: search and conservation of these areas thus making the World Heri-
• In many regions the assessment of coastal and marine biodiver- tage nomination difficult to achieve.
sity values is hindered by the existence of areas for which little 6) LOSS OF ECOLOGICAL INTEGRITY AND SOCIAL COHESION:
or no information relevant to conservation has been gathered.
• The long-term integrity of these areas needs to be maintained, which
3) LIMITED MANAGEMENT CAPACITY: requires monitoring of natural and social variables that influence in-
• Many areas proposed by the regional experts groups lacked any tegrity.
management capacity or had management capacity inadequate • Species richness, population sizes and levels of endemism are not ad-
to support proper environmental protection. equate in most cases.
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BY MARKOS TARIKU I N T RO DUC T IO N T HE HANO I S TAT E ME NT PRIORITY REGIONS CONCLUDING CHALLENGES

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