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Introduction
Moral development is the process by which an individual nurtures attitudes and norms to
other persons while policy is a principle of action. I would chose moral over policy because it is
easy to change. As with the remainder of human life, moral education is a necessity for social
control and an indispensable mode of self-realization. Majority of us presume that the functions
of morality sustain one another and vice versa. The aspirations that majority of parents have for
their children constitute the development of significant mora dispositions. Majority of parents
desire to bring up their children to become individuals of particular kind, persons who express
traits that are praiseworthy and desirable, whose identities are imbued with a strong moral
perspective. In circumstances of radical options we hope that our children do the appropriate
thing for the suitable reason even when encountering strong inclinations to lie otherwise. Moral
development is associated with the approval of morality which accrues particular forms of
norms, attitudes and ideals in a person. The paper will discuss the levels and stages of moral
development in individuals.
Level 1: Pre-convectional Level

The morality is externally regulated at this level. The regulations imposed by the

government are conformed to elude punishments or receive gifts. This viewpoint entails the

phenomenon that what is right is what one can accrue and what is individually satisfying (Thoma

et al. 55). The Level 1 comprises of two stages:

Stage 1: obedience orientation

The norm is evaluated by repercussions. The person will respect to elude punishment.

Stage 2: Instrumental purpose orientation

The repercussions is evaluated by the norms. The person focuses on receiving gifts or

meeting individual needs.


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Level 2: Conventional level

The adjustment to social controls waits noteworthy to the individual. Be that as it may.

The pressure shifts from self-enthusiasm to cooperation with different people and social

structures. The individual endeavors to back-up directions that are put forth by others including

associates, guardians and the pertinent expert to get endorsement or maintain social request

(Lloyd‐Hazlett et al. 90).

Stage 3: Good Boy or Girl introduction

The standard is assessed by social acknowledgment. The individual wants to keep up or

win the love and acknowledgment of others by being a 'decent person.

Stage 4: Law and Order Orientation

The standard is dictated by the social tenets and directions. The individual thinks about a

bigger point of view, that of societal guidelines and directions. The individual trusts that

guidelines and directions maintain social request that is monitoring

Level 3: Post-conventional or principled level

The person goes beyond the viewpoint of his society at the post-convectional level. The

morality is described based on abstract principles and treasures that employ all circumstances

and societies. The individual strives to take the standpoint of all persons (Batchelor et al. 3).

Stage 5: Social contract orientation

The personal rights evaluate norms and considers rules and regulations as flexible devices

for enhancing human motives. Based on the appropriate situation, there are exceptions to laws.

When the rules and regulations are not steady with personal rights and the benefits of the
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majority, it does not accrue good for persons and alternatives ought to be taken into

account(Lickona et al. 5).

Stage 6: Universal ethical principle orientation

The universal principle orientation is arguably the highest phase of operational. Though,

he argued that certain persons will never reach this rank. At this phase, the suitable action is

evaluated by an individual’s self-selected ethical philosophies of conscience. These philosophies

are in summary and collective in application. These reasoning constitutes taking the viewpoint of

each individual or group that would likely be impacted by the judgment.

Conclusion

The development of morals is vital in the daily social interactions. Comprehending can be

vital in various settings. The Kohlberg’s theory of moral development offers a context in which

to assess and start to understand how ethical reasoning nurtures within persons.
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Work Cited
Thoma, Stephen J., and Yangxue Dong. "The Defining Issues Test of moral judgment
development." Behavioral Development Bulletin 19.3 (2014): 55.

Lickona, Tom, et al. "Developing the Character of Trusted Army Professionals: A Review of the Relevant
Literature." (2016).

Lloyd‐Hazlett, Jessica, and Victoria A. Foster. "Student Counselors' Moral, Intellectual, and Professional
Ethical Identity Development." Counseling and Values 62.1 (2017): 90-105.

Batchelor, C. E. M., A. Creed, and D. E. F. McKeegan. "A preliminary investigation into the moral
reasoning abilities of UK veterinarians." Vet. Rec 177.5 (2015).

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