1.

AIRPORT CLASSIFICATION
 ICAO Aerodrome Annex 14, 1983 and 1990:
Aerodrome Reference Code
 ICAO Aerodrome Annex 14, 1971 and 1976:
Aerodrome Reference Code CODE ELEMENT I CODE ELEMENT II
Code ARFL (m) Code Wing Span Outer gear
Code Letter R/W Basic Length (m) span (m)
A 2,100 m (7,000 ft) and over 1 <800 A <15 <4.5
B 1,500 m (5,000 ft) to < 21,000 m (7,000 ft) 2 800 - < 1,200 B 15 - <24 4.5 - < 6
C 900 m (3,000 ft) to < 1,500 m (7,000 ft) 3 1,200 - <1,800 C 24 - <36 6-<9
D 750 m (2,500 ft) to < 900 m (3,000 ft) 4 >1,800 D 36 - < 52 9 - < 14
E 600 m (2,000 ft) to < 750 m (2,500 ft) E 52 - < 65 9 - < 14

2. AIRCRAFT CHARACTERISTIC
 Airport Design Standard (FAA) AC 150/5320 -12, 1983 RELATED TO AIRPORT DESIGN
 Weight – thickness of pavements.
Airplane Design Wing Span
Group (ADG)  Wing span (size) –parking apron, configuration
of terminal building and width of r/w.
I Up to 15 m (49 ft)
II 15 m (49 ft) - < 24 m (79 ft)  Wheel configuration (single, dual and tandem) –
III 24 m (79 ft) - < 36 m (118 ft) thickness of pavement layers.
IV 36 m (118 ft) - < 52 m (171 ft)  Passenger capacity – terminal building.
V 52 m (171 ft) - < 60 m (197 ft)  r/w length – size of airport.
VI 60 m (197 ft) - < 80 m (262 ft)

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 Fig. Taxiway of Cengkareng Airport
Fig. Apron of Cengkareng Airport

Component of Aircraft Weight Pay load and Range

 Affect to thickness and length of r/w. Payload
D A
ae
 Types:
 Operating weight empty. E
ee
 Payload
 Zero fuel weight.
be B
 Max. ramp weight.
 Max. take off weight. C
 Max. landing weight. dR aR eR bR cR
Range (R)

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 Pay Load and Range Pay Load vs Range
 A : The farthest distance “ar” that an aircraft can fly
with maximum structural payload “ae”. The aircraft % Take off weight
take-offs at mtow, and its tanks are not completely
filled. Distance
Operating Payload Fuel Reserved
 B : The farthest distance “br” that an aircraft can fly weight empty Fuel
with fuel tanks are full. The aircraft take-offs at mtow.
Short 66 24 6 4
 C : The farthest distance “cr” that an aircraft can fly
without any payload. Fuel tanks are full. The aircraft
take-offs at less than mtow. This is referred to “ferry Medium 59 16 21 4
range”.
 DE: The farthest distance “er” that an aircraft can fly Long 44 10 41 5
with limited payload under max. structural landing
weight.

3. AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE VS
3.1. Normal Landing Case
RUNWAY LENGTH
 PISTON ENGINE AIRCRAFT  Long enough to accommodate an aircraft to
 Normal lending case take off at 60% of its distance.
 Engine failure case  Pilot approaches at a height of 50 ft (15 m)
from threshold.
 JET ENGINE AIRCRAFT
 Normal engine case
 Normal take off case 50 ft
 Engine failure case
60 % LD 40 % LD
100 % LD

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 3.2. Normal Take-off Case
35 ft = 10 m
 The take-off distance requires a clearway which
is beyond the r/w. LOD
115 % LOD
CWY
 115% distance to reach a height of 35 ft (10.5 m)
D35 % TOR

115 % x D35 (TOD)

r/w
CWY mi.n
150 m
LOD = Lift of Distance D35 = Distance to 35 ft.
CWY = Clearway TOD= Take off Distance
TOR = Take off run Max CWY = 0.5 (TOD-115%LOD)

3.3. Engine Failure Case

 To take-off requires the actual distance of 35 ft
(10.5 m).
 Need CWY or STW or both.
 STW is used to decelerate an aircraft (to stop
during aborted take-off.
 V1 has not been reached.

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Engine failure at V1
Vr Vlof
35 ft = 10 m

LOD
115 % LOD
CWY
35 % TOR

115 % x D35 (TOD)

r/w
CWY mi.n
150 m
LOD = Lift of Distance D35 = Distance to 35 ft.
CWY = Clearway TOD= Take off Distance
TOR = Take off run Max CWY = 0.5 (TOD-115%LOD)

Decision Speed
 Decision speed (V1) : Critical engine failure at V1
(established by the Aircraft manufacture).
 If the engine of an aircraft fails before V1 – stop.
 If the engine of an aircraft fails after V1 –
proceed.
 Initial climb out speed (V2)
 Min speed allowing an aircraft to climb (after
attaining 35 ft (10.5 m) above r/w surface.
 Rotation speed (Vr)
 The pilot initiates rotate an aircraft to cause
raising nose gear.
 Lift off speed (Vlof)
 Aircraft starts airborne. Fig. Take off flight path

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Fig. Turbine powered aircraft performance affecting to r/w length

3. AEROPLANE REFERENCE
FIELD LENGTH (ARFL)
 Minimum r/w required to take off under :
 Max. certificate take off weight.
 0 dpl (asl).
 Atm standard.
 Wind blow standard.
 00 standard.

 To calculate ARFL, it should be corrected to;

temperature, height/elevation, altitude, gradient, and
surface wind.

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 The Calculation of ARFL Step 1 The Calculation of ARFL Step 2
Corrected factors:
1. Temperature 2. Altitude
 Standard 590 F = 150 C  Correction : Altitude increases 300 m (1,000 ft),
 Correction to : 10 C increases, corrected 1%, and 10 F ARFL is corrected by 7%.
increases, corrected 0.56%.
 Formulas
 Correction to increase height 1,000 m, temp.
increases 6.50 and 1,000 ft, temp. increases 3.570 C. Fe = 1 + 0.07 x h/300. Metric.
 Formulas: Fe = 1 + 0.07 x h/1,000. Imperial
Ft = 1+ 0.01 (T – (0.0065 h)) Metric
Ft = 1+ 0.0056 (T-(59-0.0036 h)) Imperial
T = aerodrome temp (reference). h = aerodrome elevation/altitude
h = aerodrome elevation