CURRENT ELECTRICITY

Q1) Two identical cells of emf 1.5 V each joined in parallel provide supply to an external circuit
consisting of two resistances of 17 Ω each joined in parallel. A very high resistance voltmeter
reads the terminal voltage of cells to be 1.4V. Calculate the internal resistance of each cell.
[CBSE D 95C]

Q2) Four identical cells, each of emf 2 V, are joined in parallel providing supply of current to
external circuit consisting of two 15 Ω resistors joined in parallel. The terminal voltage of the
cells, as read by an ideal voltmeter is 1.6 volt. Calculate the internal resistance of each cell.
[CBSE D 02]

Q3)
(a) A car has a fresh storage battery of emf 12 V and internal resistance 5.0 x 10–2 Ω. If the
starter motor draws a current of 90 A, what is the terminal voltage of the battery
when the starter is on?
(b) After long use, the internal resistance of the storage battery increases to 500 Ω. What
maximum current can be drawn from the battery? Assume the emf of the battery to remain
unchanged.
(c) If the discharged battery is charged by an external emf source, is the terminal voltage of
the battery during charging greater or less than its emf 12 V?
[NCERT]

Q. 4. The voltage current graphs for two resistors of the same material and same radii with lengths L1
and L2 are shown in the figure. If L1 > L2, state with reason, which of these graphs represents
voltage-current change for L1.
B

A
V

Q. 5. If the temperature of a good conductor increases, how does the relaxation time of electron in the
conductor change ?
Q. 6. Nichrome and copper wires of the same length and same radius are connected in series. Current I
is passed through them. Why does the nichrome wire get heated first?
Q. 7. Two wires, one of aluminium and the other of copper have equal lengths and equal resistances.
Which one of these wires will be thicker ?
Q. 8. Write the mathematical relation between mobility and drift velocity of charge carriers in a
conductor. Name the mobile charge carriers responsible for conduction of electric current in (i) an
electrolyte, (ii) an ionised gas.
Q. 9. For recharging, n cells, each of e.m.f. E, and internal resistance ‘r’, are connected in series to a
resistor ‘R’ and a d.c. source of e.m.f. V. Deduce the expressions for (i) charging current in
the circuit, and (ii) terminal voltage across the cells, during charging.
Q.10 A storage battery of emf 8V and internal resistance 0.5ohm is charged by 120V d.c. supply using
series resistance 15.5ohm. What is terminal voltage of the battery during charging . What is the
purpose of having a series resistor in the charging circuit(N.C.E.R.T )
Q 11. When resistance connected in series with a cell is halved ,current is not exactly doubled but slightly
less why?
Q. 12. A potential difference V is applied to a conductor of length L, diameter D. How are the
electric field E, the drift velocity Vd and resistance R affected when
(i) V is doubled (ii L is doubled (iii) D is doubled
Q.13 Consider a cylindrical element as shown in the figure. The current flowing through the element
is I and resistivity of the material of the cylinder is 𝜌. Choose the correct option out of the
following:

A B
C

4r I 2r

l/ l/
2 2
(a) Power loss in second half is four times the power los in first half.
(b) Voltage drop in first half is twice of voltage drop in second half.
(c) Current density in both halves is equal.
(d) Electric field in both halves is equal.
[Ans. (a)] (IIT 2006)

Q14 The mean free path of electrons in a metal is 4 x 10–8m. The electric field which can give
on an average 2eV energy to an electron in the metal will be in the units V/m,
(a) 5 x 10–11 (b) 8 x 10–11 (c) 5 x 107 (d) 8 x 107
[Ans. (c)] (AIPMT 2009)
 Q .15 Three identical resistors, each of resistance R, when connected in series with a d.c. source,

dissipate power X. If the resistors are connected in parallel to the same d.c. source, how

much power will be dissipated? [CBSE OD 98C, DB 99]

Q 16. A battery of emf 𝜉 and internal resistance r sends currents I1 and I2, when connected

to external resistances R1 and R2 respectively. Find the emf and the internal resistance

of the battery.

Q17.Two identical storage batteries, each having emf 𝜉 and internal resistance r, are connected, as
shown in figure. Determine the potential difference set up between the points A and B.

A r r B

𝜉
Q.18. Resistivity of metal is dependent or independent of temperature. Does is matter in construction of
Meter bridge? Explain.
Q19. In a metrebridge experiment a resistor of resistance R is kept in the left gap in all the observations.
When resistance R1 and R2 are connected in turn in the right gap, the balance point is obtained at
60 cm and 50 cm from zero end of the wire. Find the position of the balance point, when the right
gap contains R1 and R2 in series . Also in parallel.
Q 20 When two known resistances, R and S, are connected in the left and right gaps of a meter bridge,
the balance point is found at a distance l1 from the ‘zero end’ of the meter bridge wire. An
unknown resistance X is now connected in parallel to the resistance S and the balance point is now
found at a distance l2 from the zero end of the meter bridge wire. Obtain a formula for X in terms
of l1, l2 and S.
Q21 In the potentiometer circuit shown, the balance (null) point is at X. State with reason, where the
balance point will be shifted when P R

X B
A
Q S
G

(i) Resistance R is increased, keeping all parameters unchanged.

(ii) Resistance S is increased, keeping R constant.
(iii) Cell P is replaced by another cell whose e.m.f. is lower than that of cell Q.
[CBSE F 04]
Q.22 What is effect on no deflection length if

(1) R is increased. E R
(2) K is open and r is increased.
A B
(3) K is open E1 is increased. E1
G
r
K is closed, r is increased
( )
K

Q 23 A 10 m long wire of uniform cross-section and 20 𝛺 resistance is used in a potentiometer.

The wire is connected in series with a battery of 5 V along with an external resistance of 480
𝛺. If an unknown emf 𝜀 is balanced at 6.0 m length of the wire, calculate
(i) Potential gradient of potentiometer
(ii) The value of unknown emf 𝜀.
(CBSE 2006) [Ans. (i) 0.02 Vm–1, (ii) 0.12 V]