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INDEX
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 06
2.0 STRUCTURAL DESIGN 08
2.1 External Configuration
Dimensions Of AREXIAL’s Parts
Rotating Sections
Non-Rotating Sections
2.2 Internal Allocation
2.3 Construction Process
2.4 Space Elevator
2.5 Docking
3.0 OPERATIONS AND INFRASTRUCTURE 18
3.1 Materials: Sources And Use
3.2 Infrastructure
Atmosphere
Communication
Waste Collection System
Water Management
3.3 Construction robots
3.4 Position thrusters
3.5 Docking
4.0 HUMAN FACTORS 31
4.1 Community Designs
4.2 House Designs
4.3 Safety Factors
Infrastructural Safety System
Transportation
Health Management
Safety Devices
4.4 Allocation Of Activities To Various G-Levels
4.5 Hotels, Resorts and Recreational facilities
5.0 AUTOMATION DESIGNS AND SOFTWARES 48
5.1 For exterior and interior construction
5.2 Automated system and robots for AREXIAL
5.3 Robots encountered in day to day life
5.4 Port Operations
5.5 Warehouse Management
6.0 SCHEDULE AND COST 70
6.1 Cost
Pre-Start Cost
Structural Design Cost
Human Factors
Automation Cost
Last Stage cost
Management Cost
6.2 Schedule
7.0 BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 75
7.1 Port For Visiting Ships
7.2 Storage Of In-Transit Cargo Containers
7.3 Base For Lunar Shuttles
8.0 APPENDICES 83
“Since, in the long run, every planetary civilization will be
endangered by impacts from space, every surviving civilization is
obliged to become spacefaring--not because of exploratory or
romantic zeal, but for the most practical reason imaginable:
staying alive... If our long-term survival is at stake, we have a
basic responsibility to our species to venture to other worlds.”
― Carl Sagan
Space colonization is permanent human habitation off the
planet Earth. The two most common factors to consider while
COMPONENTS OF AREXIAL
12%
34% 8%
PHASE 2 :
The Agricultural torus is constructed which provides a workstation
to the construction robots and human workers. The construction
material is also stored in the torus.
PHASE 3 :
A residential torus is constructed along with the command ring.
The installation of the systems will start. The residential torus will
also provide an extra workstation.
PHASE 4 :
PHASE 5 :
The two industrial tori are constructed which marks the completion
of main structure. The construction of the internal configuration of
the tori starts from this tori.
PHASE 6 :
The connecting X-shafts are constructed aligned horizontally with
the position thrusters. These shafts will serve for transporting
materials.
PHASE 8 :
There are two ports and two storages on each side of the central
shaft. The transportation shafts across the ports and storages are
constructed. They are directed in such a way that each tori is
connected to a storage on the other side of the central shaft. Also
the inclined tubes ensure a safe passage for the cargo will be zip
lined from the ports to the warehouse.
2.0 STRUCTRAL DESIGN
PHASE 9 :
The space elevator port is constructed on one of the
transportation shaft facing the moon.
PHASE 10 :
The solar blades are constructed at the back of central shaft.
PHASE 11 :
The residential tori are wrapped with a network of solar panels
to power the settlement. And to beautify the outer structure the
remaining tori are covered with a layer of red color material.
46 m
Interior mapping of space elevator
• A and B are entrances to space elevator
port. (A for cargo and B for passengers)
• C and D are access to space elevator.
• E and F are entrances to the sections of
space elevator. (E to the storage and F to
the residential section)
Base for
landing
shuttles
Way to
storage
3.1 MATERIALS : SOURCES AND USAGE
Materials are used in the opaque parts and windows of the
settlement keeping in mind the extreme conditions of space like
thermal insulation; protection against radiation, debris and
micrometeorites, and maintaining the structural integrity of the
whole settlement. The materials from the lunar surface will be
used as much as possible during assembling of parts in space.
MATERIAL SOURCE PROPERTY QUANTITY
Quartz Glass Can withstand extreme conditions in
3.2 INFRASTRUCTURE
• ATMOSPHERE
AREXIAL’s air composition in each torus meets the requirements of
each section like comfort of humans in the residential torus,
enhancing plant growth in the agricultural torus, and easing the work
done in the industrial torus.
*INDUSTRIAL TORUS : 71.45%
The air pressure and composition in the
Industrial tori will be the same as that on
Earth. A pressure of 0.7 atmosphere with
29.67% oxygen lets Machines work 27.77%
efficiently and workers feel comfortable. 0.78%
Relative humidity will be maintained at
20%. oxygen carbon dioxide nitrogen
*RESIDENTIAL TORUS :
In the residential torus, a pressure of
0.7atm and Oxygen composition of 69.86%
31.34% lets inhabitants breathe the 0.5%
Same way they do on Earth. As the
pressure decreases, oxygen composition
0.3%
has to be more so that the amount of 29.34%
oxygen entering the lungs is the same. The
oxygen argon
temperature will be changed according
to season and time of the day. Relative nitrogen carbon dioxide
humidity will be 40%.
*AGRICULTURAL TORUS : 52%
Air pressure is maintained at 0.7 atm for
better plant growth. The air composition is
29% carbon dioxide, 19% oxygen and
52% nitrogen. Temperatures range
between 25C-28C. Relative humidity will 19% 29%
be kept at 60%. All these conditions
favor ideal plant growth. oxygen carbon dioxide nitrogen
• TEMPERATURE CONTROL
For keeping AREXIAL at a suitable temperature, heat pipes and
Imported food : Food like meat and chicken will be imported from
Earth, later for self-reliance meat analogues will be produced
through cellular agriculture and the meat grown by that process is
known as vitro meat or cultured meat.
Seeds that will be needed in the initial phase of agriculture will also
be imported. Eggs for making omelets will be imported from Earth
as well. Initially water will also be imported from Earth in water
bags and later water will be recycled and used.
• POWER GENERATION
Most of the electricity requirements will be met by solar panels.
Total area of solar panels including the solar blades is 128,000
m2. Total energy produced is 60 MW/H. Solar blades in
AREXIAL are foldable so that whenever we have enough
electricity, solar blades will be folded and they will not harness
any more sunlight.
ENERGY STORAGE : Energy will be stored in silicon thermal
energy storing batteries. Silicon in abundant on moon surface so
• WATER MANAGEMENT
Major water requirements of the settlement will be achieved by
recycling the used water. Our water recycling system recovers up
to 99%. The water recycled here is 99.99% clean and safe to
drink.
Sewage will be pumped to a waste treatment plant beneath the
business center of each section. Water will be separated from
solid waste through vapor distillation, the waste will be heated
until most of the water has evaporated out. The vapors will then
be condensed back to a liquid and subjected to a series of
micro filters and UV radiation to further purify it and kill any
pathogens. The remaining sewage will continue on to the solid
waste treatment center.
Each section of the residential torus will store and recycle its own
water supply, if any section detects contamination in its water
supply, it can pump water in from the two adjacent sections until
water quality can be restored.
Human biological Faecal waste Solid waste used to make polymers (plastics)
waste (solid) for 3D printing.
Disposable
Medical Waste The medical waste will be recycled and used
syringes,
as construction material, PELLA-DRX, which
bandages,
will be put to use in building construction.
needles, lancets
GYROCARS
PODBIKES
3.3 CONSTRUCTION ROBOTS
ROBOTS USE
These robots are used for external assembling of AREXIAL in the
construction phase. These robots angles the parts and wields them
EXO ROBOTS together. Their main use is to construct the main structure.
55%
26%
17%
2%
House Percentage of Area of one Total Number of
BHK
type population house houses required
Single 1
Single 2 43 1BHK 68 ft2 1200
Single 3
Family 29 2 BHK 808 ft2 560
Couple 1 753 ft2 280
28 1 BHK
Couple 2 774 ft2 280
TOTAL 2320
11. SPACESUIT
The suit to be worn in AREXIAL is mostly made of
polycarbonate plastic infused with other synthetic polymers.
Dacron is a type of polyester which will be used for a
pressure-restraining layer. They would be a fusion of
traditional and bio suits for the comfort and to facilitate
mobility of everyone wearing them, the space suits have
been designed in a way that decreases weight, increases
flexibility and is still equipped with everything one needs in
a space environment. The major components of the suit are :-
4.0 HUMAN FACTORS
QUARANTINE
In case of any microbial disease every torus can be sealed up
with pressurized quarantine and vacuum sealed .There would be
different seals chamber for both torus and levels to provide
more specific quarantine setup.
RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES
1. ZERO GRAVITY
Living in zero gravity will be a new world for everyone. Simply
floating around lets you play all sorts of games like picking up
anything without bumping heads, making acrobatic movements,
somersaults, spins, and playing diff. kinds of sports with making
collisions in zero gravity places.
2. WATER, WATER EVERYEHERE
Recreational activities,
Staying away from homes sunlight, day and night cycle
Homesickness
for a long time. will be provided similar to
earth.
5.0 AUTOMATION
EXO ROBOTS A.K.A ANGLING AND WELDING ROBOT
3D PRINT SET
The contour crafting machine is placed over a specific railroad which allows it to
rover over different places. The machine is capable of moving in 3 axes. The X
axis is made up of rails, the Y axis is
created by the height of the machine
and the Z axis is provided as the
horizontal bar which joins the 2 arms.
After installation comes the process of
injection of mould, the appropriate
construction material is pumped into the
nozzle orifice. The arms are equipped
with a controlling trowel which is placed
over a multi axes and will be able to move horizontally and vertically and will
also provide slope, angle and delicacy of geometrical shapes. In order to make
OVERHEAD CRANE
•Grappling lifters use big multiple claw grapplers to lift or turn the load.
•Mechanical lifters are composed of two or more rigid parts that move in
tandem when manually actuated to secure the load.
•Vacuum lifters utilize an electric-powered extraction pump and sealed pads to
create a vacuum to attach the lifter to an object.
•Lifting beams are suspended from a hoist/crane to provide multiple load lifting
points for better security and control of the load’s movement. A spreader beam
uses two or more hooks to spread the load over more than one lifting point.
•Magnets lift carry or release flat or round ferrous objects with or without an
electrical power supply.
DELTA ROBOTS
Table 5.1
Repair robots
These robots are mainly used for repair work. They are
only used while any malfunction with structure. These
robots can repair any type of damage external and
internal caused to structure because of any reason. The
machine’s end effector can replaced with multiple tools.
Backup system:
This state of the computer remains on standby until there is any malfunction on
AREXIAL, If there is need of evacuation it can guide residents on their smartphones
way for an isolated and safe air lock, if there is a power failure it can start
back-up generators and restart the power grid. It can control AREXIAL if
administrative controller fails and if AREXIAL is wrongly controlled manually it
can
override the commands and take the position and Hold the command in its own
hand until issue is resolved.
CONTINGENCY PLANS
Fire
Early warning Required
Level Criteria Interpretation
signals action
Process going
0 No fire none None
on as usual
Severe failure
Accept, reduce,
Risk event Contingency Trigger
share or transfer
Bootkits Authorization
Network
ROBOTS/COMPUTERS QUANTITY
ZYKLON
ZyKlon is a personal assistant found throughout the home and devices
which is capable to make smart decisions based on environmental factors.
The main aspect of Project ZyKlon is to help save electricity at AREXIAL.
The electricity usage is logged per room into an SD card on an open source
These mini robots are used to cater the requirements of room service. They
provide an atmosphere in which a human can survive. Home cleaning robots help
prevent the buildup of allergens, bacteria, and harmful pathogens. A robot for
housekeeping works by taking a mobile robotics platform and faceting sensors, a
vacuum, and AI to create a robot vacuum cleaner. Robot vacuums are equipped
with UV light for sterilization, eliminating any harmful bacteria, microbes, and
viruses that come its way. Also, these robots are programmable and have
different settings and modes so they can work while your away, letting you come
back to a clean home.
COOKING BOT
The dual-arm humanoid cooking robot is able to cook dishes like a master chef in
home kitchens. The kinematic analysis is carried out for the arm of the robot. The
working space of the arm is calculated. The robot arms will retract when not in
use. Users can operate the kitchen with a smartphone or via the included touch
screen. Simply pull up a recipe on either platform and have the Moley Robot do
the rest of the work. Users can choose from a selection of included recipes, which
the robot knows how to cook because a chef prepared it wearing special gloves
while being filmed by 3D motion capture technology. In doing so, the robot
knows how to cook the recipe exactly like the human that first demonstrated it.
The robotic arms are capable of sensing and detecting the way how humans
cook by the means of recording while the humans cook. This means the robotic
hands will even have natural pauses while cooking because it's replicating a
human. The kitchen will come with a protective screen to ensure safety. The robot
will also use a food processor instead of knives so people aren't scared by a
knife-wielding robot in their home.
PATROLLING ROBOT
MEDICAL ROBOT
The medical robot is capable of performing the surgeries for the following:
ROBOTS/COMPUTERS QUANTITY
ZYKLON 01
PEPPER 7000
The robots are programmed to lift and place the loads of the interior of
infrastructures and at docking and storage areas
that are lighter in weight. The automation is
designed to rest upon a magnetic rail which is
functioned to move at the appropriate place via
control equipment. The presence of magnetic rail
reduces the coefficient of friction to its least
which saves time and increases its efficiency with
four claw gripper which can hold container with
precision and place them in proper position or
can arrange them in stock pile.
The lifters are equipped with laser center alignment sensors which aim at the
accurate place for lifting or dropping the trolley.
The crane is equipped with monitoring tablet which acts as the controlling
equipment and measures the payload over the machine, energy being consumed,
and troubleshoots any type faults in the working of the machine and alerts
instantly.
ACTIVE SWAY CONTROL limits load swing by controlling the bridge and trolley
acceleration and deceleration. Sway Control allows faster load handling and
more precise positioning. This feature also prevents damage to the load, crane,
and surrounding area.
SNAG PREVENTION is designed to stop all crane movement if the hook, sling or
load accidentally gets caught on something. This safety function reduces the risk
of hazardous situations while moving loads and helps to prevent damage to the
load, crane, and surrounding area.
ACTIVE SWAY CONTROL limits the unnecessary swinging of the arm in order to
Advanced Automation
The optical positioning system uses laser scanners which measure the distance and
angle to any surfaces, such as the container, the lifting spreader, and target
container. A second axis scanner picks up the ends of the containers. With these
measurements the crane control can automatically pick and land containers in the
stacks, based on instructions issued by the Yard management computer system.
There is a remote control room in the operations building with operator stations
and video screens to allow the crane to be switched to manual control if
unexpected conditions occur. Currently, human control is used when the
automated crane interfaces with a manned over-the-road truck at the
delivery gate. Safety is paramount for automated overhead cranes
and as such a wide variety of systems and controls are in place to
assure that automated overhead cranes and people will never have an
unfortunate moment.
ROBOTS/COMPUTERS QUANTITY
ROBOTS/COMPUTERS QUANTITY
Controlled axes-6
Arm length- 3.7m
Payload- 185kg
1 EXO ROBOTS Motion range(X,Y)- 3030mm, 3538mm
Repeatability- 0.03mm
Installation- Floor, Upside down, Angle
Mass- 650kg
Height- 5m
Breadth- 3m
CONTOUR
Rovers a rail to track every position.
3 CRAFTING
MACHINE Capable of moving in 3 axes.
Grappling arm of length 1.5m has a payload of 250
kg
10 PATROLLIN Height- 1m
G ROBOT Weight- 400 lbs.
Motion and gyro sensors.
Can attain a speed of 2miles/h
The A.I enables it to trace any suspicious activity.
Uploaded data of every resident and tourist.
3 multi axes robotic arms replaceable tool for
different processes at need.
11 MEDICAL ROBOT Arm length- 1.15m
Keeps guard over tremor reduction and motion
scaling.
Repeatability - ±0.2 mm
Base diameter- 655mm
Maximum Payload capacity- 3kg
14 DELTA ROBOTS Motion range(X,Y)- 700mm,450mm
Weight- 50kg
Rotation angle- ±180 degree.
TOTAL $ 17,816,200,000
MATERIALS
Construction
Quantities (in kg) Cost for 1 kg Total cost
materials
Quartz Glass 13,860,000 kg $ 0.05 $ 693,000
Acrylic Glass 3,220,000 kg $ 13 $ 41,860,000
Lead 55,566,000 kg $3 $ 166,698,000
Bucky Structure 1,480,000,000 kg $6 $ 8,880,000,000
Aluminium 7075 2,997,000,000 kg $ 11 $ 32,967,000,000
MAINTENANCE COST
Cost Per Annum
Transport maintenance $ 15 million
Human factors maintenance $ 25 million
Robots maintenance $ 35 million
Communication devices $ 30 million
Total $ 105 million
FLOW CHART
4. CIRCULATION OF GOODS
How much is the manpower requirement?
The working staff within the warehouse is one of the most
important assets of any company.
It is important to know the required number of employees,
their level of training, how they are organized, the shifts they
work in and other related factors in order to refine the
proposed warehouse design. They should be introduced to
various automated components, warehouse management
software and other IT tools which are nowadays much more
specialized than before. Industry standards also demand
high level commitment on the part of management to make
6.2 Robots
6.3 Maintenance cost
6.2 Schedule
7.0 business development
7.1 Port for visiting ships
7.2 Storage of in-transit cargo ships
7.3 Base for lunar shuttle