HLR9820 Technical Manual-Architecture and Principle

Chapter 1 System Architecture ......................................................................
1-1
1.1 Hardware Structure ................................................................................ 1-1
1.1.1 Single-Cabinet Structure ................................................................ 1-1
1.1.2 Dual-cabinet Structure ................................................................... 1-2
1.2 Functional Modules ................................................................................ 1-3
1.2.1 SAU................................................................................................ 1-4
1.2.2 HDU ............................................................................................... 1-4
1.2.3 SMU ............................................................................................... 1-5
1.2.4 BAM ............................................................................................... 1-5
Chapter 2 Structure and Functions of SAU................................................... 2-1
2.1 Functional Structure of SAU ................................................................... 2-1
2.2 System Support Module ......................................................................... 2-2
2.3 Signaling Interface Module ..................................................................... 2-2
2.4 Signaling Lower-layer Processing Module ............................................. 2-3
2.5 Service Processing Module .................................................................... 2-3
Chapter 3 Structure and Functions of HDU .................................................. 3-1
3.1 Functional Structure of HDU .................................................................. 3-1
3.2 Manager Module .................................................................................... 3-2
3.3 SMFAgent Module .................................................................................. 3-3
3.4 SCDF Module ......................................................................................... 3-3
3.5 AuC Module ............................................................................................ 3-3
3.6 OAMAgent Module ................................................................................. 3-4
Chapter 4 Structure and Functions of SMU .................................................. 4-1
4.1 Functional Structure of SMU .................................................................. 4-1
4.2 SMU Server Module ............................................................................... 4-1
4.3 SMU Client ............................................................................................. 4-2
4.4 SMU Database ....................................................................................... 4-2
Chapter 5 Structure and Functions of O&M System .................................... 5-1
5.1 Functional Structure of O&M System ..................................................... 5-1
5.2 BAM ........................................................................................................ 5-1
5.2.1 Database ........................................................................................ 5-2
5.2.2 MML Server ................................................................................... 5-2
5.2.3 Exchange Server ........................................................................... 5-2
5.2.4 Service Servers.............................................................................. 5-2
5.2.5 BAM Manager ................................................................................ 5-3
5.2.6 BAM Service .................................................................................. 5-3
5.3 O&M Terminal ........................................................................................ 5-3
5.3.1 Service Maintenance System ........................................................ 5-3
5.3.2 Alarm Management System ........................................................... 5-4
5.3.3 Performance Management System ............................................... 5-5
Chapter 6 Structure and Requirements of Power Supply System .............. 6-1
6.1 Structure of Power Supply System......................................................... 6-1
6.2 Requirements of AC Power Supply System ........................................... 6-2
6.3 Requirements of DC Power Supply System ........................................... 6-2
6.4 Requirements of DC PDF ....................................................................... 6-5
6.5 Cabinet Feeding System ........................................................................ 6-6
6.6 Subrack Power Supply ........................................................................... 6-6
6.7 Power Monitoring System ...................................................................... 6-6
6.7.1 Monitoring Power Distribution Subrack .......................................... 6-6
6.7.2 Monitoring UMSC Power Module................................................... 6-7
6.8 Monitoring Fan Box ................................................................................ 6-8
6.9 Monitoring Equipment Room Environment............................................. 6-9
Chapter 7 Clock System .................................................................................. 7-1
7.1 Overview of Clock System ..................................................................... 7-1
7.2 Clock System Structure .......................................................................... 7-1
7.3 Functions of Clock System ..................................................................... 7-2
7.3.1 Clock Interface Module .................................................................. 7-2
7.3.2 Clock Distribution Module .............................................................. 7-3
7.3.3 Clock Control Module..................................................................... 7-5
7.4 Technical Specifications ......................................................................... 7-5
Chapter 8 Signal Flow ..................................................................................... 8-1
8.1 Signaling Procedure ............................................................................... 8-1
8.1.1 Processing Procedure of Signaling over TDM ............................... 8-1
8.1.2 Processing Procedure of 2M Signaling over ATM ......................... 8-2
8.1.3 Processing Procedure of Signaling over IP ................................... 8-4
8.2 Procedure of Loading Program and Data ............................................... 8-5
8.3 Board Switchover Procedure.................................................................. 8-6
8.3.1 Active/Standby Arbitration .............................................................. 8-6
8.3.2 Active/Standby Switchover Procedure ........................................... 8-7
8.4 Alarm Signal Flow .................................................................................. 8-8
8.4.1 Alarm Signal Flow in Basic Subrack .............................................. 8-9
8.4.2 Alarm Signal Flows in Expansion Subracks ................................... 8-10
8.4.3 HDU Alarm Signal Flow ................................................................. 8-11
8.4.4 SMU Alarm Signal Flow ................................................................. 8-12
8.4.5 BAM Internal Alarm Signal Flow .................................................... 8-12
Chapter 9 VLAN and Emergency Workstation .............................................. 9-1
9.1 VLAN ...................................................................................................... 9-1
9.1.1 VLAN Network Connection ............................................................ 9-1
9.1.2 Resource Distribution in VLAN Network ........................................ 9-2
9.2 Emergency Workstation ......................................................................... 9-4
9.2.1 Components of Workstation ........................................................... 9-4
9.2.2 Operating principles of Emergency Workstation ............................ 9-5
9.2.3 Network Connection between Emergency Workstation and
BAM ........................................................................................................ 9-5
9.2.4 Switchover Procedure between Emergency Workstation and
BAM ........................................................................................................ 9-5
Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................... A-1
Index .................................................................................................................
HUAWEI
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register

Technical Manual - Architecture and Principle
V600R002
Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register
Technical Manual
Volume Architecture and Principle
Manual Version T2-030264-20050302-C-1.20
Product Version V600R002
BOM 31026464
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support
and service. Please feel free to contact our local office or company headquarters.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address: Administration Building, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.,
Bantian, Longgang District, Shenzhen, P. R. China
Postal Code: 518129
Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: support@huawei.com

Copyright © 2005 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All Rights Reserved
No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any

means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks
, HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET, , ViewPoint, INtess, ETS, DMC,

TELLIN, InfoLink, Netkey, Quidway, SYNLOCK, Radium, M900/M1800,
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iTELLIN, HUAWEI OptiX, C&C08 iNET, NETENGINE, OptiX, iSite, U-SYS, iMUSE,
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Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this manual are the property of
their respective holders.
Notice
The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. Every effort has
been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure accuracy of the contents,
but all statements, information, and recommendations in this manual do not
constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.

Summary of Updates
This section provides an update history of this manual and introduces the updates of
contents.
Update History
Manual Version Notes

T2-030264-20041008-C-1.00 Initial commercial release
T2-030264-20041120-C-1.10 Second commercial release
T2-030264-20050302-C-1.20 Third commercial release
Updates of Contents
Updates between manual versions are cumulative. Therefore, the latest manual
version contains all updates made to previous versions.
Updates Made between Versions 1.20 and 1.10
Description of P650 and Netra240 platforms are added.
Updates Made between Versions 1.10 and 1.00
Figures 1-3, 2-1, 8-1, 8-2, and 8-3 are modified.

About This Manual
Release Notes
This manual applies to HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register V600R002.
Organization
This manual introduces of the system architecture and functional modules of the
HLR9820, the operating principles of the functional modules, and various signal flows
in the system. It comprises the following chapters:
Chapter 1 System Architecture introduces the hardware structure and functional

modules of the HLR9820.
Chapter 2 Structure and Functions of SAU introduces the functional structure of

the SAU, and the functions and operating principles of the various functional modules.
Chapter 3 Structure and Functions of HDU introduces the functional structure of

the HDU, and the functions and operating principles of the various functional
modules.
Chapter 4 Structure and Functions of SMU introduces the functional structure of

the SMU, and the functions and operating principles of the various functional
modules.
Chapter 5 Structure and Functions of O&M System introduces the functional

structure of the O&M system, and the functions and operating principles of the various
functional modules.
Chapter 6 Structure and Requirements of Power Supply System introduces the

functional structure of the power supply system, and various requirements for the
power supply system.
Chapter 7 Clock System introduces the functional structure of the HLR9820 clock
system, the operating principles, and the technical parameters.
Chapter 8 Signal Flow introduces the signaling flow, program and data loading
procedure, alarm signal flow, and board switchover signal flow of the HLR9820.
Chapter 9 VLAN and Emergency Workstation introduces the principles of the

virtual local area network (VLAN) and the emergency workstation.

Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations lists all the abbreviations used in the
manual.
Intended Audience
The manual is intended for the following readers:

z Wireless system engineers
z O&M technicians/engineers
Conventions
The manual uses the following conventions:
I. General conventions
Convention Description
Arial Normal paragraphs are in Arial.
Boldface Headings are in Boldface.
Courier New Terminal Display is in Courier New.
II. Command conventions
Boldface The keywords of a command line are in Boldface.
italic Command arguments are in italic.

Items (keywords or arguments) in square brackets [ ] are
[]
optional.
Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by

{ x | y | ... }
vertical bars. One is selected.
Optional alternative items are grouped in square brackets

[ x | y | ... ]
and separated by vertical bars. One or none is selected.
Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by

{ x | y | ... } * vertical bars. A minimum of one or a maximum of all can be
selected.
Optional alternative items are grouped in square brackets
[ x | y | ... ] * and separated by vertical bars. Many or none can be
selected.
# A line starting with the # sign is comments.

III. GUI conventions
Button names and menu items are in Boldface. For

Boldface
example, click OK.
Multi-level menus are in bold and separated by forward
/
slashes. For example, select the File/Create/Folder menu.
Button names are inside angle brackets. For example, click

<>
the <OK> button.
Window names, menu items, data table and field names
[] are inside square brackets. For example, pop up the [New
User] window.
Multi-level menus are separated by forward slashes. For

/
example, [File/Create/Folder].
IV. Keyboard operation
Format Description
Press the key with the key name inside angle brackets. For
<Key>
example, <Enter>, <Tab>, <Backspace>, or <A>.
Press the keys concurrently. For example, <Ctrl+Alt+A>

<Key1+Key2>
means the three keys should be pressed concurrently.
Press the keys in turn. For example, <Alt, A> means the
<Key1, Key2>
two keys should be pressed in turn.
V. Mouse operation
Action Description
Press and hold the primary mouse button (left mouse

Select
button by default).
Select and release the primary mouse button without

Click
moving the pointer.
Press the primary mouse button twice continuously and

Double-Click
quickly without moving the pointer.
Press and hold the primary mouse button and move the
Drag
pointer to a certain position.

VI. Symbols
Eye-catching symbols are also used in the manual to highlight the points worthy of
special attention during the operation. They are defined as follows:
Caution, Warning, Danger: Means reader be extremely careful during the

operation.
Note, Comment, Tip, Knowhow, Thought: Means a complementary

description.

HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 System Architecture.................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Hardware Structure............................................................................................................ 1-1
1.1.1 Single-Cabinet Structure ......................................................................................... 1-1
1.1.2 Dual-cabinet Structure ............................................................................................ 1-2
1.2 Functional Modules............................................................................................................ 1-3
1.2.1 SAU ......................................................................................................................... 1-4
1.2.2 HDU......................................................................................................................... 1-4
1.2.3 SMU ........................................................................................................................ 1-5
1.2.4 BAM......................................................................................................................... 1-5
Chapter 2 Structure and Functions of SAU ................................................................................ 2-1

2.1 Functional Structure of SAU .............................................................................................. 2-1
2.2 System Support Module .................................................................................................... 2-2
2.3 Signaling Interface Module ................................................................................................ 2-2
2.4 Signaling Lower-layer Processing Module ........................................................................ 2-3
2.5 Service Processing Module ............................................................................................... 2-3
Chapter 3 Structure and Functions of HDU................................................................................ 3-1

3.1 Functional Structure of HDU.............................................................................................. 3-1
3.2 Manager Module ................................................................................................................ 3-2
3.3 SMFAgent Module ............................................................................................................. 3-3
3.4 SCDF Module .................................................................................................................... 3-3
3.5 AuC Module ....................................................................................................................... 3-3
3.6 OAMAgent Module ............................................................................................................ 3-4
Chapter 4 Structure and Functions of SMU................................................................................ 4-1

4.1 Functional Structure of SMU.............................................................................................. 4-1
4.2 SMU Server Module .......................................................................................................... 4-1
4.3 SMU Client......................................................................................................................... 4-2
4.4 SMU Database................................................................................................................... 4-2
Chapter 5 Structure and Functions of O&M System ................................................................. 5-1

5.1 Functional Structure of O&M System ................................................................................ 5-1
5.2 BAM ................................................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2.1 Database ................................................................................................................. 5-2
5.2.2 MML Server............................................................................................................. 5-2
5.2.3 Exchange Server..................................................................................................... 5-2
5.2.4 Service Servers ....................................................................................................... 5-2
5.2.5 BAM Manager ......................................................................................................... 5-3
5.2.6 BAM Service............................................................................................................ 5-3
i
5.3 O&M Terminal.................................................................................................................... 5-3

5.3.1 Service Maintenance System.................................................................................. 5-3
5.3.2 Alarm Management System.................................................................................... 5-4
5.3.3 Performance Management System......................................................................... 5-5
Chapter 6 Structure and Requirements of Power Supply System ........................................... 6-1

6.1 Structure of Power Supply System .................................................................................... 6-1
6.2 Requirements of AC Power Supply System ...................................................................... 6-2
6.3 Requirements of DC Power Supply System...................................................................... 6-2
6.4 Requirements of DC PDF .................................................................................................. 6-5
6.5 Cabinet Feeding System ................................................................................................... 6-5
6.6 Subrack Power Supply ...................................................................................................... 6-6
6.7 Power Monitoring System.................................................................................................. 6-6
6.7.1 Monitoring Power Distribution Subrack................................................................... 6-6
6.7.2 Monitoring UMSC Power Module............................................................................ 6-7
6.8 Monitoring Fan Box............................................................................................................ 6-8
6.9 Monitoring Equipment Room Environment........................................................................ 6-9
Chapter 7 Clock System ............................................................................................................... 7-1

7.1 Overview of Clock System................................................................................................. 7-1
7.2 Clock System Structure ..................................................................................................... 7-1
7.3 Functions of Clock System ................................................................................................ 7-2
7.3.1 Clock Interface Module ........................................................................................... 7-2
7.3.2 Clock Distribution Module ....................................................................................... 7-3
7.3.3 Clock Control Module.............................................................................................. 7-5
7.4 Technical Specifications .................................................................................................... 7-5
Chapter 8 Signal Flow ................................................................................................................... 8-1

8.1 Signaling Procedure .......................................................................................................... 8-1
8.1.1 Processing Procedure of Signaling over TDM ........................................................ 8-1
8.1.2 Processing Procedure of 2M Signaling over ATM .................................................. 8-2
8.1.3 Processing Procedure of Signaling over IP ............................................................ 8-4
8.2 Procedure of Loading Program and Data.......................................................................... 8-5
8.3 Board Switchover Procedure ............................................................................................. 8-6
8.3.1 Active/Standby Arbitration....................................................................................... 8-6
8.3.2 Active/Standby Switchover Procedure.................................................................... 8-7
8.4 Alarm Signal Flow .............................................................................................................. 8-8
8.4.1 Alarm Signal Flow in Basic Subrack ....................................................................... 8-9
8.4.2 Alarm Signal Flows in Expansion Subracks.......................................................... 8-10
8.4.3 HDU Alarm Signal Flow ........................................................................................ 8-11
8.4.4 SMU Alarm Signal Flow ........................................................................................ 8-12
8.4.5 BAM Internal Alarm Signal Flow ........................................................................... 8-12
Chapter 9 VLAN and Emergency Workstation ........................................................................... 9-1

9.1 VLAN.................................................................................................................................. 9-1
ii
9.1.1 VLAN Network Connection ..................................................................................... 9-1

9.1.2 Resource Distribution in VLAN Network ................................................................. 9-2
9.2 Emergency Workstation..................................................................................................... 9-4
9.2.1 Components of Workstation.................................................................................... 9-4
9.2.2 Operating principles of Emergency Workstation..................................................... 9-5
9.2.3 Network Connection between Emergency Workstation and BAM.......................... 9-5
9.2.4 Switchover Procedure between Emergency Workstation and BAM ....................... 9-5
Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................A-1
Index ................................................................................................................................................ i-1
iii
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register Chapter 1 System Architecture
Chapter 1 System Architecture
This chapter describes the hardware and functional modules of the HLR9820 system.
1.1 Hardware Structure

With respect to the hardware platforms adopted for the HLR database unit (HDU), the
HLR9820 system is divided into single-cabinet structure and dual-cabinet structure.
Running with SUN dual-system, the HLR9820 system comprises an N68-22 cabinet
only. Running with IBM dual-system, the HLR9820 comprises an N68-22 cabinet and
an IBM T00 cabinet.
1.1.1 Single-Cabinet Structure
Figure 1-1 shows the outline of the single-cabinet HLR9820. In this structure, SUN
minicomputers are adopted for the HDU of the HLR9820 system.
Except the PC functioning as the subscriber management unit (SMU) client and local
maintenance terminal (LMT), the N68-22 cabinet holds all the other equipment,
including:
z A power distribution box (PDB)
z Two LAN switches
z A service subrack
z Air deflector
z A terminal concentrator (TC)
z A PC server
z A KVM set (integrating keyboard, video, and mouse)
z Two 3310 disk arrays
z Two Netra 20/Netra 240 minicomputers
Note:
TC is not used when a Netra240 platform is adopted for the HDU dual-system.
1-1
Power distribution box

LAN Switch 1
Cabling trough
LAN Switch 2
Cabling trough
Service subrack
Fan box
Air deflector
Dummy panel
Dummy panel
TC
BAM
KVM
Disk array 1
Disk array 2
Minicomputer 1
Dummy panel
Minicomputer 2
Figure 1-1 Hardware structure of the HLR9820 system (single-cabinet)
1.1.2 Dual-cabinet Structure
Figure 1-2 shows the outline of the dual-cabinet HLR9820. In this structure, IBM
minicomputers are adopted for the HDU of the HLR9820 system.
The IBM T00 cabinet holds the following equipment:
z Two IBM P630 6C4 minicomputers
z An IBM 7133 D40 disk array
z Two CPS1107 inverter groups
The N68-22 cabinet holds the following equipment:
z A PDB
z Two LAN switches
z Three service subracks
1-2
z Three air deflectors

z A KVM set
z A TC
z A PC server
Power distribtion box

LAN Switch 1
Cabling trough
LAN Switch 2 Power distribtion box
Cabling trough
Service subrack 3
Fan box
Minicomputer 1
Air deflector
Service subrack 2 Minicomputer 2
Fan box
Air deflector
KVM
Dummy panel
TC
Dummy panel
Service subrack 1 Inverter group 1
Fan box Inverter group 2

Air deflector
BAM Disk array
Figure 1-2 Hardware structure of the HLR9820 system (dual-cabinet)
Note
Inverter groups are not needed if the minicomputer is built on the P630.
1.2 Functional Modules

With respect to functions, the HLR9820 system is divided into the following functional
modules:
1-3
z Signaling access unit (SAU)

z HLR database unit (HDU)
z Subscriber management unit (SMU)
z Back administration module (BAM)
Figure 1-3 shows the functional structure of the HLR9820 system.
No.7 TCP/IP TCP/IP LAN

NSS BNH
ATM 2M HDU SMU
SAU
NSS
IP
NSS
TCP/IP
LAN
BAM NMS
SAU: Signaling access unit HDU: HLR database unit

BAM: Back administration module SMU: Subscriber management unit
NMS: Network management system BNH: Business hall
Figure 1-3 Functional structure of the HLR9820 system
1.2.1 SAU
The SAU implements the following functions:

z Accessing the IP network, ATM 2M signaling network, or SS7 signaling network
z Receiving the information sent by other functional entities to the HLR9820
z Sending the received information to the HDU
z Sending the information of the HDU to other functional entities
1.2.2 HDU
The HDU implements the following functions:

z Saving the data related to the home subscribers, including subscriber identify
information, basic service information, supplementary service information,
operator determined barring (ODB) information, roaming restriction information,
CAMEL subscription information, and GPRS subscription information.
z Supporting mobility management applications of the MAP interfaces for
circuit-switched (CS) and packet-switched (PS) mobile subscribers, including
location update and cancellation.
z Supporting call-specific processing, such as call routing and roaming number
obtaining procedures in CS and PS mobile-terminated (MT) calls.
z Supporting any time interrogation (ATI) operation originated by the SCP.
1-4
The SCP and the HLR9820 query location and status of a mobile station (MS)
through the operation.
1.2.3 SMU
The SMU implements the following functions:

z Managing the subscriber data
z Providing a Business Hall (BNH) MML interface to access the BNH programs
developed by a third party, satisfying different requirements towards operation
management
1.2.4 BAM
The BAM implements the following functions:

z Providing the management functions on the SAU, HDU, and SMU, such as alarm
processing, performance management, and equipment status management
z Providing an NM interface to access the NMS, satisfying the requirement towards
centralized equipment management and maintenance
Generally, the SMU server and BAM server are installed on the same PC server.
1-5
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register Chapter 2 Structure and Functions of SAU
Chapter 2 Structure and Functions of SAU
This chapter describes the functional structure of SAU, and the functions and operating
principles of various functional modules.
2.1 Functional Structure of SAU

The SAU comprises four functional modules:
z System support module
z Signaling interface module
z Signaling lower-layer processing module
z Service processing module
Figure 2-1 shows the functional structure of the SAU.
System support module
Other IP WSMU
WBFI/WIFM
NEs
WSIU
HDU
LAN Switch (WHSC)
BAM
CPCI bus (backplane)
WEAM WBSG
HW Local PCI bus
ATM 2M
Other
WEPI HW CPC WCCU/WCSU
NEs No.7
Signaling interface Signaling lower-layer Service processing

module processing module module
ATM: Asynchronous Transfer Mode HDU: HLR Database Unit

HW: Highway BAM: Back Administration Module
CPCI: Compact Peripheral Component PCI: Peripheral Component
Interconnect Interconnect
Figure 2-1 Functional structure of the SAU
2-1
2.2 System Support Module

The system support module implements the following functions:
z Loading software and data
z Managing and maintaining equipment
z Controlling inter-board communication
The system support system comprises the following boards:
z WSMU
The wireless system management unit (WSMU) completes the following functions
in the system:
– Loading control
– Data configuration
– Inter-board communication control
z WSIU
The wireless system interface unit (WSIU) is the back interface board of the
WSMU. It implements the following functions:
– Provision of an Ethernet port for the WSMU
– Identification of frame numbers
z WHSC
The wireless hot-swap and control unit (WHSC) implements the following
functions:
– Bridging of the left and right shared-resource buses
– Hot swap control of boards
– Data exchange between Ethernet buses inside the subrack
Because the WHSC is not armed with the CPU, it is configured and maintained by
the WSMU through the shared-resource buses.
2.3 Signaling Interface Module

The signaling interface module provides physical interfaces to meet the requirements
towards system networking.
The following describes the interfaces provided by the signaling interface module in
different networking:
z Eight E1 interfaces provided by the WCSU and WEPI
In the TDM networking, the wireless E1_pool interface unit (WEPI) provides eight
E1 interfaces to implement the E1 framing and line interface function. It interworks
with the signaling lower-layer processing module through the internal highway
cable.
2-2
z A broadband interface provided by the WIFM

In the IP networking, the wireless IP forward module (WIFM) provides an 100 M
Ethernet port through a sub-board (protocol management and control board
(PMC)), and a back board (wireless back insert FE interface unit (WBFI)). It
converges broadband signaling streams and distributes them to the wireless
broadband signaling gateway (WBSG) according to a specific policy. The WBSG
then processes the simple control transmission protocol (SCTP) messages.
z Eight E1 interfaces provided by the WEAM and WEPI
In the ATM networking, the wireless E1 ATM forward module (WEAM) provides
eight E1 interfaces with its back board, WEPI. When processing the signaling over
ATM, the ATM E1/T1 processing board (AEB), and sub-board of the WEAM, it
interworks with the WEAM through the internal highway. The WEAM completes
the segmentation and reassembly (SAR) of the ATM signaling and then distributes
the signaling.
2.4 Signaling Lower-layer Processing Module

The signaling lower-layer processing module provides the signaling protocol
processing function.
The signaling lower-layer processing module includes the following components:
z MTP2 process unit of the WCSU
The MTP2 process unit of the wireless calling control unit and signaling process
unit (WCSU) processes the MTP2 messages of the SS7 signaling over the
narrowband E1. It communicates with the wireless calling control unit (WCCU)
through the internal peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus.
z WBSG
The WBSG processes broadband signaling protocols such as SCTP and UDP. It
distributes messages to the WCCU through the Ethernet bus.
2.5 Service Processing Module

The service processing module comprises the WCCU and WCSU. It processes the
signaling in such layers as MTP3, MTP3B, M3UA, SCCP, and TCAP.
Note:
The WCSU differs from the WCCU at the central processing board (CPC). Armed with
two CPC sub-boards, the WCSU can process MTP2 messages of narrowband
signaling. However, the WCCU cannot provide this function.
2-3
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register Chapter 3 Structure and Functions of HDU
Chapter 3 Structure and Functions of HDU
This chapter describes the functional structure of the HDU, and the functions and
operating principles of various functional modules.
3.1 Functional Structure of HDU

The HDU comprises five functional modules:
z Manager module
z OAMAgent module
z SMFAgent module
z SCDF module
z AuC module
Normally, the active HDU runs all the processes and the standby HDU only runs the
OAMAgement and AuC processes.
Figure 3-1 shows the functional structure of the HDU system.
3-1
SMU SMF
Agent
SCDF
OAM Manager
BAM SCDF database
Agent
SCDF
AuC
SAU Server AuC
Active HDU
AuC
SMF
Agent
SCDF
OAM SCDF
database
Agent Manager SCDF
AuC
Server AuC
Standby HDU
SMU: Subscriber management unit HDU: HLR database unit

BAM: Back administration module SCDF: Service processing unit
AuC: Authentication center OAM: Operation, administration, and maintenance
Figure 3-1 Functional structure of the HDU
Note:
The parts in the dashed lines indicate the processes that are not run in the standby
HDU.
3.2 Manager Module

The Manager module is responsible for message forwarding. It implements the
following functions:
z Receiving messages from the SAU and forwarding the messages to the SCDF
module
z Receiving messages from the SCDF module and forwarding the messages to the
SAU
3-2
z Receiving messages from the SMU and forwarding the messages to the
SMFAgent module
z Receiving messages from the SMFAgent module and forwarding the messages to
the SCDF or SMU module
z Receiving messages from the SCDF module and forwarding the messages to the
AuCServer module
z Receiving messages from the AuCServer module and forwarding the messages to
the SCDF module
3.3 SMFAgent Module

The SMFAgent module is responsible for processing the messages from the SMU. To
be specific, it implements the following functions:
z Receiving operation messages such as subscriber definition, subscriber deletion,
subscriber data modification, and system reset from the SMU.
z Modifying the subscriber data in the database according to the operation
messages from the SMU.
z Sending a message to the SCDF module after modifying the subscriber data in the
database.
3.4 SCDF Module

The SCDF module is responsible for processing the MAP messages.
The SCDF comprises several processes. The number of SCDF processes is
determined by that of CPUs in the HDU hardware platform. Generally, the number of
SCDF processes is two times as many as that of the CPUs.
The SCDF module implements the following functions:
z Receiving MAP operation messages such as location update and sending routing
information messages from the SAU, and returning the messages to the SAU after
specific processing
z Receiving messages such as subscriber data modification and system reset from
the SMFAgent and forwarding the messages to the SAU
z Receiving authentication request messages from the SAU and forwarding the
messages to the AuCServer
z Receiving authentication arbitration result messages from the AuCServer and
forwarding the messages to the SAU
3.5 AuC Module

The AuC module is responsible for processing the authentication triples and quintuples.
It comprises an AuCServer and multiple AuC processes. One AuC process runs in the
active HDU while others run in the standby HDU. The number of the AuC processes on
the standby HDU is equal to that of the CPUs in the standby HDU minicomputer.
3-3
In normal, the AuC processes running on the standby HDU calculates the
authentication messages while the AuC process on the active HDU remains inactive. If
the AuC processes on the standby HDU fail, the AuC process on the active HDU takes
over the calculation. If the AuC process on the active HDU also fails, the AuCServer
can calculate the authentication messages.
The AuC module implements the following functions:
z AuCServer receives authentication request messages from the SCDF module and
sends the messages to the AuC processes.
z AuCServer receives the messages returned from the AuC processes after
authentication calculation and sends the messages to the SCDF.
z AuC processes calculate the authentication messages.
3.6 OAMAgent Module

The OAMAgent is responsible for collecting and forwarding the O&M and
administration messages. It implements the following functions:
z Collecting the HDU-specific status messages and forwarding the messages to the
BAM.
z Receiving O&M and administration command messages from the BAM and
sending the messages to various modules in the HDU.
3-4
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register Chapter 4 Structure and Functions of SMU
Chapter 4 Structure and Functions of SMU
This chapter describes the functional structure of the SMU, and the functions and
operating principles of various functional modules.
4.1 Functional Structure of SMU

The SMU is responsible for managing the subscriber data in the HLR9820 system.
Operators can manage subscriber data through:
z User interface (UI) operations
z Man-Machine language (MML) commands
Figure 4-1 shows the functional structure of the SMU.
HDU SMU
Client
SMU
BAM Server
BNH
database
SMU
SMU: Subscriber management unit HDU: HLR database unit

BAM: Back administration module BNH: Business hall
Figure 4-1 Functional structure of the SMU
4.2 SMU Server Module

The SMU server implements the following functions:
z Receiving MML commands from the SMU client and forwarding the commands to
the HDU after analysis.
z Receiving MML commands from the BNH and forwarding the commands to the
HDU after analysis.
z Receiving the responses returned by the HDU to the commands sent from the
SMU client, and forwarding the responses to the SMU client.
z Receiving the responses returned by the HDU to the commands sent from the
BNH, and forwarding the responses to the BNH.
z Reporting the alarm messages of the SMU to the BAM.
4-1
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register Chapter 4 Structure and Functions of SMU
4.3 SMU Client

The SMU client is an interactive interface. It implements the following functions:
z Receiving the MML commands entered by users.
z Sending the received commands to the SMU Server.
z Displaying the query results to users.
4.4 SMU Database

The SMU database runs on the SQL server 2000 operating system. It stores the SMU
operator information and log information.
4-2
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register Chapter 5 Structure and Functions of O&M System
Chapter 5 Structure and Functions of O&M System
This chapter describes the functional structure of the HLR9820 O&M system, and the
functions and operating principles of various functional modules.
5.1 Functional Structure of O&M System

The O&M system provides an O&M interface and BAM management functions. It
comprises the BAM and LMT. Figure 5-1 shows the functional structure of the O&M
system.
Stats Stats
SAU
LMT
Manintain
Exchange Maintain
MML
HDU Server W arn LMT
Server
Dataman Alarm
SMU Logman LMT
NMS
BAM BAM
database
Manager Service
BAM
Figure 5-1 Functional structure of the O&M system
5.2 BAM
The BAM is the server of HLR9820 O&M system. It implements the following functions:
z Sending O&M commands from the O&M terminal (near-end/far-end) to the SAU,
HDU, and SMU.
z Sending the responses from the SAU, HDU, and SMU to the corresponding O&M
terminals.
z Storing and forwarding alarm information and traffic measurement data.
z Accessing the NMS.
The BAM comprises the following functional modules:
z Database
z MML server
z Service servers
z Exchange server
z BAM manager
5-1
z BAM service
5.2.1 Database
The BAM database runs on the SQL server 2000. It stores various service data and
provides database support for service servers.
5.2.2 MML Server
The MML server implements the following functions:

z Maintaining the communication between BAM and O&M terminals.
z Processing the commands entered from the O&M terminals and forwarding the
commands to the corresponding service modules.
z Processing the commands entered from the NMS and forwarding the commands
to the corresponding service modules.
5.2.3 Exchange Server
The Exchange server implements the following functions:

z Maintaining the communication between the BAM and the SAU, HDU and SMU.
z Sending O&M operation result messages from the SAU, HDU, and SMU to the
corresponding service modules.
z Loading programs and data to the SAU.
5.2.4 Service Servers
The BAM has the following service servers:

z Stats Server
The Stats Server processes the measurement data of the SAU, HDU, and SMU,
such as registering traffic measurement tasks and saving measurement results.
z Maintain Server
The Maintain Server processes the maintenance commands of the SAU, HDU,
and SMU, such as querying system version number and tracing signaling
information.
z Warn Server
The Warn Server implements the following functions:
– Processing the alarm information of the SAU, HDU, and SMU
– Processing the internal alarm information of the BAM
– Providing alarm reports to the alarm terminal
– Querying alarm information. Driving the alarm box.
z Dataman Server
5-2
The Dataman Server manages various data configurations, such as configuring

equipment data and backing up data.
z Logman Server
The Logman Server records operation logs and provides the log query function to
help trace the malicious operations.
5.2.5 BAM Manager
The BAM Manager is the administration module of the BAM software. It implements the
following functions:
z Managing service servers.
z Checking the running status of service servers.
z Monitoring service processes.
z Stopping and starting service processes.
z Setting the startup modes of service processes.
5.2.6 BAM Service
The BAM Service is responsible for monitoring the BAM Manager module. When the
BAM Manager stops or fails accidentally, the BAM Service starts the PC installed with
the BAM program automatically to start the BAM Manager.
5.3 O&M Terminal

The O&M terminal provides an O&M interface. Through the O&M terminal, you can:
z Execute MML commands
z Configure data
z Maintain equipment
z Monitor equipment faults
z Manage subscriber data and equipment performance
The O&M terminal communicates with BAM in MML mode. It executes commands and
outputs corresponding reports. The O&M terminal consists of three parts:
z Service maintenance system
z Alarm management system
z Performance management system
5.3.1 Service Maintenance System
The service maintenance system provides a graphical user interface (GUI) and MML
command terminal tool to facilitate O&M operations.
The following describes in detail the service maintenance system:
z Modular software platform
5-3
It implements the following functions:

– Authority management
– File management
– Communication management
– System management
– Component dispatching
– Command delivery
– Report distribution
z Equipment panel
– Displaying the physical equipment outline to help you observe the operation
status of the equipment.
– Displaying the realtime status of boards.
– Supporting board-related query and control operations.
z Real-time monitoring part
– Monitoring the real-time status of certain system resources.
– Displaying the resource status such as CPU utilization and BAM disk
occupation in graphic to help troubleshooting.
z MML client
It helps you to fulfill the following tasks through MML commands:
– Equipment maintenance
– Equipment configuration
– Fault management
– Security log management
z Interface tracing part
– Establishing interface tracing tasks.
– Displaying the tracing results.
– Explaining the traced messages.
– Processing the traced messages.
5.3.2 Alarm Management System
The alarm management system helps you to implement the following functions:
5-4
z Querying alarms by category

z Printing real-time alarms
z Setting alarm shielding levels
z Acknowledging alarms
z Clearing alarms
z Controlling alarm boxes
5.3.3 Performance Management System
The performance management system helps you to implement the following functions:
z Registering performance measurement tasks.
z Creating performance measurement templates.
z Customizing performance measurement items.
z Analyzing performance measurement results.
5-5
Technical Manual - Architecture and Principle Chapter 6 Structure and Requirements of Power Supply
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register System
Chapter 6 Structure and Requirements of Power

Supply System
This chapter describes in detail the structure and various requirements of the HLR9820
power supply system.
6.1 Structure of Power Supply System

The HLR9820 power supply system consists of:
z Alternating current (AC) power supply system
z Direct current (DC) power supply system
z DC power distribution frame (PDF) (that is, high-impedance DC PDF)
z Cabinet feeding system
Where, the cabinet feeding system consists of power distribution boxes and bus bars.
Figure 6-1 shows the structure of the HLR9820 power supply system.
Power distribution
box
-48V
-48V GND
PGND
AC DC power
GND DC power
supply
distribution
system
system
PGND
N68-22 T00
Busbar
GND: Working ground PGND: Protection ground

Figure 6-1 HLR9820 power supply system
The following describes the functions of specific parts:

z The DC power supply system
– Converts the AC current into - 48 V DC current through a rectifier.
– Allocates the converted current to the DC PDF.
– Provides a storage battery as a spare DC supply.
z The DC PDF
– Distributes power to various cabinets.
6-1
– Connects grounding cables.

z The cabinet feeding system
– Distributes power to various subracks.
– Connects the grounding cables within a cabinet.
6.2 Requirements of AC Power Supply System

The mains supply is recommended as the major AC power supply. Reliable and stable
AC mains supply is essential to stable communication and convenient maintenance.
Besides, a diesel engine generator must be equipped as the standby power supply to
ensure normal communication. To ensure stable power supply, two mains supplies can
be used for toll switches and large-capacity local switches.
Table 6-1 lists the allowed scope of AC voltages and fluctuations:
Table 6-1 Allowed scope of AC voltages and fluctuations
Allowed Cable voltage

Allowed
Power supply frequency wavelength
voltage scope
scope distortion rate
Three-phase AC
380 V ! 10% 50 Hz ! 5% Less than 5%
power supply
Single-phase AC
220 V ! 10% 50 Hz ! 5% Less than 5%
power supply
Diesel engine Normally less than

None None
generator group 5% (not exceed 10%)
6.3 Requirements of DC Power Supply System

The DC power supply system consists of:
z Storage batteries
z Rectifiers
z DC PDF
z Control panel
The following describes the requirements for these parts.
I. Requirements of Storage Battery
The storage battery is an important part in a DC power supply system. It implements

the following functions:
z Providing power supply with stable voltage to ensure normal operation of the
switching equipment.
z Storing energy and supplying power in case of mains power supply failure.
6-2
z Absorbing the surging voltage from rectifiers as a large capacitor.

z Filtering noise and shielding the system from mains frequency interference.
z Charging/Discharging in constant low-voltage charging mode.
Table 6-2 lists the specific requirements.
Table 6-2 DC charging/discharging status and voltage requirements
Number
Mains Voltage
Charging/Discharging of
Power power at each
status of storage DC voltage batteries
supply supply battery
battery in each
status terminal
group
The mains Charging the storage
53.5 V (Floating
supply is batteries using a rectifier 2.23 V
charge voltage)
normal. in floating charge mode.
The mains Discharging storage 43.2 V (Discharge
1.8 V
supply is off. batteries. voltage)
- 48 V When the
charging voltage 24
DC
reaches 56.4 V,
Charging the storage
The mains constant voltage
batteries (loaded) at 10
supply is on charging starts 2.35 V
ampere hour
again. (The charging
automatically.
status is changed
to floating charge
automatically).
II. Requirements of Rectifier (Primary Power Supply)
The rectifiers are responsible for rectifying the AC power supply and must satisfy the
following requirements:
z Multiple rectifiers can work in parallel, with current equalizer installed between
them.
z Each rectifier is equipped with current-limiter.
z Each rectifier outputs a voltage that satisfies the initial charging requirements of
storage batteries.
For example, the output voltage is 56.4 V (2.35 V x 24 V) in the case of – 48 V DC
input.
z Each rectifier is equipped with DC voltmeters and ammeters.
z The efficiency of each rectifier is more than 85% and the power coefficient more
than 0.8.
z The rectifiers are designed with natural cooling feature and can work continuously
within the temperature of 0oC to 40oC at full load.
z The output noise voltage (measured using a noise meter plus weighted network)
of a rectifier must satisfy the requirements listed in Table 6-3.
6-3
Table 6-3 Voltage indexes of DC power supply
Item Index
Nominal value (V) - 48 V
Voltage fluctuation range (V) - 40 V to - 57 V
0 Hz to 300 Hz 400 mV peak-to-peak value
300 Hz to 3400 Hz 2 mV weighted noise of noise meter

Effective value of
Effective value of single
3.4 kHz to 150 kHz broadband is equal to
frequency 5 mV
100 mV
Noise
voltage Effective value of single
150 kHz to 200 kHz
frequency 3 mV
Effective value of
Effective value of single broadband (150 kHz to
200 kHz to 500 kHz 30 MHz) is no more than
frequency 2 mV
30 mV
Effective value of single
500 kHz to 30 MHz
frequency 1 mV
III. Requirements of DC Power Distribution and Control Panel
The following lists the requirements towards the DC PDF and control panel:
z Each control panel can be connected with at least two battery groups. If one group
is faulty, the other can take its place to supply power.
z Each control panel can be connected with at least five rectifiers.
z The power equipment must be fully automatic and can work normally even if
unattended.
In addition, there are also strict requirements for random transient noise, including
abnormal operating noises caused by external magnetic interference, current
equipment, and grounding cables. For transient noise, the shorter a transient pulse
lasts, the higher its allowable value will be. See Figure 6-2.
6-4
100V
10V
1V
0.1V
0.1 μ s 1 μ s 10 μ s 100 μ s 1000 μ s
Figure 6-2 Scope of allowable values of transient noise
When the storage batteries are charged in the floating charge mode, the number of
necessary rectifiers depends on the actual load. When a rectifier is faulty, a spare
rectifier will run automatically to take over its job.
If the mains supply fails, the storage batteries discharge. When the mains supply
recovers, the storage batteries are charged automatically at 10 ampere hour. When the
charging voltage reaches 56.4 V, constant voltage charging will start automatically.
When fully charged, the storage batteries change from the charging state to the floating
charge state automatically.
IV. Requirements of Power Supply Alarm
The power supply system must satisfy the following requirements:

z When the power supply equipment fails or cannot work normally, audible and
visible alarm indications must be given. In addition, power supply alarm
information must be sent to the operation & maintenance center (OMC).
z When a tributary of the power supply system is short-circuited, the power
distribution system must not be affected by sharp voltage decrease. The peak
voltage in the course of striking must not cause any fault.
6.4 Requirements of DC PDF

The DC PDF is used for – 48 V DC power supply distribution and grounding cable
connection. The DC PDF resembles the HLR9820 cabinet in profile and specifications,
including racks, top covers, and doors. The DC PDF contains no PDB but a monitor
subrack and some power distribution subracks (the number of power distribution
subracks depends on the total number of cabinets). A DC PDF can be equipped with up
to four power distribution subracks, each of which supports up to 15 DC distributions.
There is an over-current protection switch in each power supply. The 1st and 3rd
subracks, and the 2nd and 4th subracks belong to two power supply systems
6-5
respectively. That is, a DC PDF can provide up to 2 x 30 outputs. The actual

configuration depends on practical conditions.
6.5 Cabinet Feeding System

The cabinet feeding system composes of the PDB at the upper part and the busbars at
both sides of the cabinet. The PDB has a through-flow capability of 50 A and the
busbars can carry 30 A current. To improve the anti-interference capability of power
feeder and reduce the characteristic impedance, parallel copper strips isolated with
epikote are used as the conductor. All connectors are plug-connected to facilitate the
installation and maintenance.
6.6 Subrack Power Supply

The principle of subrack power supply is as follows: The subrack power supply is led
from the input terminal of PDB in the cabinet. The power supply is distributed and led
out from the output terminals through a cable set to the wire ports of the busbars at both
sides. The power supply is introduced through the interface on each backplane to the
secondary power supply boards (PWC for the clock subrack, and GPWS for all other
subracks). The power supply is converted from - 48 V into + 5 V and supplied to the
other boards in the subracks.
To be secure, the PWCs are configured in the load-sharing mode.
6.7 Power Monitoring System

The power monitoring module of the HLR9820 system monitors the realtime running
status of the internal power supply system and generates alarms in case of exception.
The power monitoring system implements two functions:
z Monitoring the power supply of the power distribution subrack
z Monitoring the power supply of the service processing subrack
6.7.1 Monitoring Power Distribution Subrack
One power distribution subrack is configured to each subrack. The power distribution
subrack is monitored by the WSMU. Figure 6-3 shows the structure of the monitoring
system of power distribution subrack.
6-6
Power distribution subrack

Monitoring board
RS485 RS485
WSIU WSIU
WSMU WSMU
Service
subrack
BAM
Figure 6-3 Structure of the monitoring system of power distribution subrack
The operating principles of the monitoring system of HLR9820 power distribution

subrack are as follows:
z Inside the power distribution subrack, a monitoring board is designed to collect the
running status information of the current power distribution subrack.
z The monitoring board provides an active and a standby RS485 serial ports to
connect to the WSIUs (back boards of the WSMUs) at COM3 ports with external
RS485 serial cables.
z The WSMUs process the information collected by the monitoring board and then
report the information to the BAM.
If multiple service processing subracks are configured in a cabinet, usually the subrack
at the bottom of the cabinet is responsible for monitoring the power distribution
subracks of the cabinet.
6.7.2 Monitoring UMSC Power Module
The UMSC power module (UPWR) is the power supply module inside each service
processing subrack. The UPWR is monitored by the wireless alarm unit (WALU) in the
same subrack. Figure 6-4 shows the structure of the monitoring system of the UPWR.
6-7
Service subrack
U U
P P
W W
R R
W W
W W W U U
S S
S S A P P
M M
M M L W W
U U
U U U R R
BAM
Figure 6-4 Monitoring system of the UPWR
Each service processing subrack has four UPWRs (two at the front and two at the
back). The operating principles of the monitoring system of the UPWR are as follows:
z The UPWRs report the power supply status to the WALU through the dedicated
signal cable on the backplane.
z The WALU monitors the power supply status (level signals) on a real-time basis,
processes the signals into status data, and reports the data to the WSMU. In
addition, the WLAU also indicates the running status of the UPWRs (back boards)
using indicators.
z The WSMUs process the signals reported by the WALU, and then report the result
to the BAM.
z The WALU is designed with a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature of
the current subrack.
6.8 Monitoring Fan Box

The HLR9820 is built with a fan box inside a service processing subrack. The fan
monitoring and control module monitors the running status of the fan box and adjusts
the fan speed according to the actual temperature. Figure 6-5 shows the monitoring
system of the fan box.
6-8
Fan box
Monitoring board
RS485 RS485
WSIU WSIU
WSMU WSMU
Service subrack
BAM
Figure 6-5 Monitoring system of the fan box
The operating principles of the monitoring system of the fan box are as follows:
z A fan box is designed with a monitoring board to collect the running status
information of the current fan box.
z The monitoring board provides two RS485 serial ports to connect to the WSIUs
(back boards of the WSMUs) using external RS485 serial cables (the serial cables
are inside the cabinet in the integrated cabinet).
z The WSMUs process the information collected by the monitoring board and then
report the information to the BAM.
6.9 Monitoring Equipment Room Environment

The environment of equipment room is monitored by the power distribution subrack. It
is optional. Figure 6-6 shows the structure of the environment monitoring system of
equipment room.
6-9
Power distribution subrack

sensor
Monitoring board
RS485 RS485
WSIU WSIU
WSMU WSMU
Service subrack
BAM
Figure 6-6 Environment monitoring system of the equipment room
The power distribution subrack is designed with five external Boolean detection
interfaces to connect sensors, such as temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and
smoke sensors, to collect the environment information of the equipment room.
The path for reporting the environment status information is the same as that for
reporting the power supply status information.
6-10
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register Chapter 7 Clock System
Chapter 7 Clock System
This chapter describes the functional structure, operating principles, and technical
parameters of the HLR9820 clock system.
7.1 Overview of Clock System

When HLR9820 is connected to other network elements (NEs) in the narrowband
signaling mode, the clock system must be configured.
The importance of the clock system requires that the HLR9820 be configured with the
active and standby clock systems. Once the active clock system fails, the
active/standby switchover is triggered automatically to ensure non-interruption of clock
signal output.
The clock system of HLR9820 has the following features:
z Multiple clocks such as Stratum-2 (including type A and type B) and Stratum-3
clocks are available.
z Multiple input reference source signals are available, including 8 kHz, 2.048 MHz,
and 2.048 Mbit/s.
z The benchmark and phase-locked mode of clock reference source can be
configured through the LMT.
z Powerful phase-locked capability, adapting to various clock transmission
situations. When the clock reference source works abnormally, the HLR9820
clock synchronization system can work in the free-run mode, holding
synchronization in a certain time.
7.2 Clock System Structure

The HLR9820 clock system includes:
z Clock interface module
z Clock distribution module
z Clock control module
The WCKI, the core of the whole clock synchronization system, is configured to the
basic subrack fixedly. Normally the WCKIs are configured in pairs, working in the
active/standby mode.
In the clock synchronization system, the basic subrack configured with WCKIs is called
"Master clock subrack", and other expansion subracks are called "Slave clock
subracks". The WCKI provides clocks for:
z WEPIs in the same subrack through H.110 bus
z WEPIs in other subracks through external clock cables
7-1
Figure 7-1 shows the structure of HLR9820 clock system.
E1
WEPI WCSU
8 kHz 2M bit/s
BITS
WCKI WSMU
8 kHz
SMU
E1
WEPI WCSU
HDU
LAN
BAM
WSMU
E1
WEPI WCSU
WSMU
Figure 7-1 Overall structure of clock system
7.3 Functions of Clock System

The WCKI generates 8 kHz clock signals as the clock synchronization signals for the
signaling processing system.
Two WCKIs (WCKI0 and WCKI1) are configured, working in the active/standby mode.
7.3.1 Clock Interface Module
The clock interface module includes:

z WCKIs
z WEPIs
z Connection cables.
It is responsible for the input and the phase-lock of clock reference sources, providing a
stable clock for the HLR9820 system.
Figure 7-2 shows the input of clock reference source to the HLR9820 system.
7-2
E1 BITS BITS E1
W W W W W W
E E C C E E
P P K K P P
I I I I I I
CLKA CLKB
Figure 7-2 Input of clock reference source
The HLR9820 clock system extracts clock reference sources from two kinds of signals:
z E1 signals from the peer end
z Signals from the building integrated timing supply system (BITS)
For stratum-2 clock reference source, the HLR89820 clock can be set to stratum-2 or
stratum-3. For stratum-3 clock reference source, the local clock can be set to stratum-3
only.
I. Extracing Clock Reference Source from E1 Signals Sent from the Peer End
If the clock stratum of the peer-end equipment (such as MSC) is equal to or higher than
stratum-3, the HLR9820 system can extract the clock reference source from the
peer-end trunk system.
z The active WEPI provides E1 interface, extracts the peer-end E1 clock, and
generates 2 MHz clock reference source. One WEPI provides two clock interfaces,
which are connected to the active/standby WCKI respectively.
z The WCKI obtains E1 clock from the WEPI through the SMB clock coaxial cable.
One WCKI provides two clock interfaces to connect with different active WEPIs.
z The WCKI traces and locks the E1 clock to generate stable clock signals.
II. Extracting Clock Reference Source from BITS Signals
The interfaces provided by the WCKI can be connected to the BITS equipment to
obtain 2 MHz or 2 Mbit/s clock reference source.
One WCKI is configured with one BITS clock interface. The active and standby WCKIs
are connected to the same BITS equipment through clock cables.
7.3.2 Clock Distribution Module
The clock distribution module includes:

z WCKIs
z Dedicated clock cables
7-3
z H.110 bus
It distributes clock signals provided by the WCKI to the specified WEPI in each subrack.
Figure 7-3 shows the structure of clock distribution module.
Basic
W W W W W W subrack
E E C C E E
P P K K P P
I I I I I I
CLK A H.110
CLK B
Expansion
W W W W subrack
E E E E
P P P P
I I I I
CLK A
H.110
CLK B
Expansion
W W W W subrack
E E E E
P P P P
I I I I
CLK A
H.110
CLK B
Figure 7-3 Structure of clock distribution module
The clock distribution module realizes clock synchronization in the whole system. The
operating procedure is as follows:
1) The WCKI generates the standard clock signals, and then drives the signals into
16-channel 8 kHz differential clock signals.
2) The WCKI sends the 8 kHz clock signals to the specified WEPI in each expansion
subrack through dedicated clock cables.
3) The specified WEPI distributes the 8 kHz clock signals to other WEPIs in the same
subrack through H.110 bus.
I. Clock Distribution in Basic Subrack
The clock signals in the basic subrack are distributed through the H.110 bus. The H.110
bus provides two groups of clock signals, CLK A and CLK B.
7-4
In normal running, the active WCKI outputs CLK A signals through H.110 bus to all
WEPIs in the basic subrack. The standby WCKI traces and synchronizes with CLK A
signals.
In abnormal cases, such as faults occur in the CLK A or in the active WCKI, the standby
WCKI provides CLK B signals.
II. Clock Distribution in Expansion Subrack
The active/standby WCKIs provide 16 clock output interfaces respectively. The first pair
of WEPIs in each expansion subrack must be connected to WCKIs to obtain clock
signals from the basic subrack through external dedicated clock cables.
Inside each subrack, the clock signals are distributed through the H.110 bus.
7.3.3 Clock Control Module
The clock control module includes:

z WSMUs
z BAM
z LMT (WS)
z Serial bus
Through the clock control module, you can perform operations such as data
configuration, maintenance, and status query in the HLR9820 clock system.
7.4 Technical Specifications

Table 7-1 lists technical specifications of the HLR9820 clock system.
Table 7-1 Technical specifications of HLR9820 clock system
SN Item Index and function

-7
Stratum-2 clock: ! 4 x 10
Lowest accuracy -6
Stratum-3 clock: ! 4.6 x 10
-7
Stratum-2 clock: ! 4 x 10
Pull-in range
Clock network Stratum-3 clock: ! 4.6 x 10
-6
1 access
-10
parameter Maximum Stratum-2 clock: 5 x 10 /day
frequency offset -8
Stratum-3 clock: 2 x 10 /day
-10
Initial maximum Stratum-2 clock: < 5 x 10 /day
frequency offset -8
Stratum-3 clock: < 1 x 10 /day
7-5
SN Item Index and function

Ideal working
MRTIE ≤ 1 ms
status
MRTIE (ns) ≤ a x s + (1/2) x b x s2 + c
"s" indicates the time in second. The
Long-term unit of MRTIE is nanosecond (ns).
2
phase variation Hold working Stratum-2 clock:
status
a = 0.5 b = 1.16 x 10-5 c = 1000
Stratum-3 clock:
a = 10 b = 2.3 x 10-4 c = 1000
Clock working
3 Fast pull-in, locked, holdover, and free-run
mode
Input jitter
4 See Figure 7-4.
tolerance
Note:
z Lowest accuracy: In the case of no external reference frequency (free-run), the
maximum value of the offset to the nominal frequency in a long-term (20 years).
z Maximum frequency offset: In consecutive clock running, the maximum value of
relative frequency off in a unit period.
z Pull-in range: The maximum bandwidth of input signal that can be locked by the
clock.
z MRTIE: Within the test time, the variation of maximum peak-to-peak delay of a
tested clock relative to an actual reference clock.
Y(UI) Peak-to-Peak Jitter and Wander Amplitude (Log Scale)

峰 — 峰抖动和漂动幅度（对数标度）
2
10
A0=36.9
1
10
A1=1.5 Slope:
斜率为 20dB/10 octave
times
20dB/10 倍频程 of freq
A2=0.2
-1
10
X
-5
1.2´ 10 10 20 2.4k 18k 100k f(Hz)
Figure 7-4 Maximum allowable input jitter and the lower threshold of wander
7-6
Suppose the jitter frequency of an input signal is 1 kHz, the system is still normal when
the amplitude is more than 1.5 UI. Then the input signal satisfies the requirements
shown in the Figure 7-4.
Note:
UI: a unit time interval. The reciprocal of the frequency of digital signal is one UI. For
example, the time interval (UI) of 2.048 Mbit/s signal is 488 ns.
7-7
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register Chapter 8 Signal Flow
Chapter 8 Signal Flow
This chapter describes HLR9820 procedures, including:

z Signaling Procedure
z Procedure of Loading Program and Data
z Board Switchover Procedure
z Alarm Signal Flow
8.1 Signaling Procedure

Signaling messages of HLR9820 system include:
z Signaling over TDM
z Signaling over IP
z 2M signaling over ATM
8.1.1 Processing Procedure of Signaling over TDM
Figure 8-1 shows the processing procedure of the signaling over TDM.
H.110 bus Ethernet bus
TDM signaling
Active WEPI WCSU
Standby WEPI WCSU
WHSC
TDM signaling
Active WEPI WCSU
WHSC
Standby WEPI WCSU
Subrack 1
LAN
switch HDU
H.110 bus Ethernet bus
TDM signaling
Active WEPI WCSU
Standby WEPI WCSU
WHSC
TDM signaling
Active WEPI WCSU
WHSC
Standby WEPI WCSU
Subrack 2
Figure 8-1 Processing procedure of signaling over TDM
Considering security, two procedures are available in the HLR9820 system to process
the signaling over TDM.
8-1
I. Active Singaling Processing procedure
The active signaling processing procedure is as below:

1) The active WEPI receives the signaling messages from other NEs through E1
cables, and then processes them in MTP1.
2) The WEPI sends the signaling messages to the WCSU through the highway
cable.
3) The WCSU processes them in the MTP2, MTP3, SCCP, and TCAP, and then
sends the signaling messages through the Ethernet bus to the LAN switch.
4) The LAN switch forwards the signaling messages to the HDU.
5) The HDU processes them in the application layer, and then returns them through
LAN switch to the WCSU.
6) The WCSU processes them received from the HDU, and then sends them through
the highway bus to the WEPI.
7) The WEPI processes the signaling messages from the WCSU, and then sends
them to other NEs through E1 cables.
II. Backup Signaling Processing procedure
If faults or switchover occurs in WCSUs, the signaling is processed according to the

backup procedure.
The backup procedure is as below:
1) The WEPI receives the signaling messages from other NEs through E1 cables,
and then processes them in MTP1.
2) The WEPI sends the signaling messages to the standby WEPI through the H.110
bus.
3) The standby WEPI sends the signaling messages to the WCSU through highway
cables.
4) The WCSU processes them in the MTP2, MTP3, SCCP, and TCAP, and sends
them through Ethernet cables to the LAN switch.
5) The LAN switch forwards the signaling messages to the HDU.
6) The HDU processes the signaling messages in the application layer and returns
them through the LAN switch to the WCSU.
7) The WCSU processes the signaling messages from the HDU and sends them
through highway bus to the standby WEPI.
8) The standby WEPI sends the signaling messages to the active WEPI through the
H.110 bus.
9) The active WEPI processes the signaling messages and sends them to other NEs
through E1 cables.
8.1.2 Processing Procedure of 2M Signaling over ATM
Figure 8-2 shows the processing procedure of the 2 M signaling over ATM.
8-2
Ethernet bus
ATM-2M
WEPI WEAM WBSG
WEPI WEAM WBSG
WCCU
WCCU WHSC
LAN
WCCU HDU
switch
WCCU WHSC
Figure 8-2 Processing procedure of 2 M signaling over ATM
Normally the WEAMs are configured with the load-sharing mode in the HLR9820
system. Therefore, the signaling links from other NEs to the HLR9820 system must be
configured with the load-sharing mode as well. In this way, these links can access the
HLR9820 system through two WEPIs.
The processing procedure of the 2 M signaling messages is as below:
1) The WEPI accesses the 2 M signaling messages and sends the messages to the
WEAM through highway cables.
2) The WEAM segments and reassembles the ATM 2M cells, determines the
corresponding SAAL link number and the module number of WBSG where the
SAAL that manages the link resides, and then forwards the message packets to
the corresponding WBSG through the Ethernet bus.
3) The WBSG processes the 2 M signaling messages in the SAAL and MTP3B, and
then sends them to the WCCU.
4) The WCCU processes the messages in the MTP3B, SCCP, and TCAP, and then
sends them to the LAN switch through the Ethernet bus.
5) With signaling transfer function, LAN switch transfers the messages to the HDU.
6) After processing the messages in the mobile application layer, the HDU returns
them to the WCCU through the LAN switch.
7) Based on the module number of WBSG that processes MTP3B links, the WCCU
sends the messages to the WBSG through the Ethernet bus.
8) The WBSG processes the MTP3B messages, queries its database to find out the
PVC based on the SAAL link number table to determine the location of the WEAM
board, and then sends the message packets to the WEAM through the Ethernet
bus.
9) The WEAM segments and reassembles the signaling messages and sends the
messages to the WEPI through the highway cable.
10) The WEPI processes the signaling messages and sends them to other NEs
through E1 cables.
8-3
8.1.3 Processing Procedure of Signaling over IP
Figure 8-3 shows the processing procedure of the signaling over IP.
Ethernet bus
IP
WBFI WIFM WBSG
WBFI WIFM WBSG
WCCU
WCCU WHSC
LAN
WCCU switch HDU
WCCU WHSC
Figure 8-3 Processing procedure of signaling over IP
The processing procedure of the signaling over IP is as below:

The WBFI accesses the signaling messages, processes them in the physical layer, and
then sends them to the WIFM in fixed-connection mode.
1) The WIFM processes the signaling messages in the MAC, and then distributes
them to the specified WBSG through the Ethernet bus.
You must configure a source IP address, source port number, and destination port
number corresponding to the number of WBSG. This distribution is called level-1
message distribution, also known as message distribution over signaling. Types of
the distributed messages include SCTP and M3UA.
2) The WBSG processes the IP packets according to the SCTP and bearer control
protocol, and then distributes them to the corresponding WCCU in level-2 through
the Ethernet bus.
3) The WCCU processes the IP packets in the M3UA, SCCP, and TCAP, and then
sends them to the WHSC through the Ethernet bus.
4) The WHSC transparently transmits the IP packets to the LAN switch.
5) The LAN switch forwards the IP packets to the HDU.
6) The HDU processes the IP packets in the mobile application layer, and then
returns them to the WCCU through the LAN switch and Ethernet bus.
7) Based on the module number of WBSG that processes M3UA links, the WCCU
sends the IP packets to the WBSG through the Ethernet bus.
8) The WBSG processes the IP packets in SCTP and M3UA, determines the WIFM
based on the source IP addresses of IP messages, and then distributes the
corresponding IP packets to the specified WIFM through the Ethernet bus.
9) The WIFM processes the IP packets in the MAC layer, and then sends them to the
WBFI in fixed-connection mode.
10) The WEPI processes the IP messages, and then sends them to other NEs through
E1 cables.
8-4
8.2 Procedure of Loading Program and Data

Some programs and data of boards in the SAU are firming in boards, and others are
loaded from the BAM database to the memories of boards.
The BAM is connected to the SAU through two network adapters, which are configured
with fixed IP addresses as 172.20.200.0 (the mask is 255.255.0.0) and 172.30.200.0
(the mask is 255.255.0.0).
Figure 8-4 shows the procedure of loading data and programs from the BAM to the
SAU.
WCCU WCSU WCKI WBSG WIFM
WSMU in slot 6 WSMU in slot 8
WSIU in slot 6 WSIU in slot 8
WHSC in slot 9 WHSC in slot 7
LAN Switch 1 LAN Switch 2
e0 e1
172.20.200.0 172.30.200.0
BAM
Figure 8-4 Procedure of loading program and data
Normally, the procedure of loading programs and data from the BAM to boards is as
below:
1) The BAM receives the request of loading programs and data from boards.
2) The BAM issues the programs and data to be loaded through network port e0,
LAN switch1, and the WHSC in slot 9.
3) The WHSC in slot 9 loads the programs and data to the WSMUs in slot 6 and slot
8 through the WSIUs in slot 6 and slot 8 respectively.
4) The two WSMUs load the proper programs and data into their own memories.
5) The active WSMU loads the programs and data to the
WCCU/WCSU/WBSG/WEAM/ WIFMs through the shared-resource bus.
8-5
6) The active WSMU loads the programs and data to the WCKI through a serial
cable.
When a fault occurs to the loading path of network port e0, the BAM loads programs
and data through network port e1 as below:
1) The BAM receives the request of loading programs and data from boards, and
checks the loading path of network port e0 for errors.
2) The BAM issues the programs and data to be loaded through the network port e1,
LAN switch2 and WHSC in slot 7.
3) The WHSC in slot 7 loads the programs and data to the WSMUs in slot 6 and slot
8 through the WSIUs in slot 6 and slot 8 respectively.
4) The two WSMUs load the proper programs and data into their own memories.
5) The active WSMU loads the programs and data to the
WCCU/WCSU/WBSG/WEAM/ WIFMs through the shared-resource bus.
6) The active WSMU loads the programs and data to the WCKI through a serial
cable.
Note:
z During loading, the WSMU boards adopt temporary IP addresses. After the loading,
the IP addresses of the WSMUs in slot 6 and slot 8 are changed to
172.20.200.module number and 172.30.200.module number respectively.
z In the basic subrack, the IP addresses of the WSMUs in slot 6 and slot 8 are
172.20.200.2 and 172.30.200.2 by default.
z Before loading, other boards have no IP addresses. After the loading, the IP
addresses of others are 172.20.200.module number.
8.3 Board Switchover Procedure

The WSMU, WHSC, WCKI, WEPI, WCSU/WCCU, WSIU, WBFI, and WIFM all work in
the active/standby mode. The active/standby switchover ensures normal working of
these boards, thus improving the reliability of the HLR9820 system.
8.3.1 Active/Standby Arbitration
During the initialization of HLR9820 system, the active/standby arbitration is

completed.
I. Active/Standby Arbitration of WCKIs
The active/standby arbitration of WCKIs is implemented by their own hardware.
8-6
II. Active/Standby Arbitration of WSMUs and WHSCs
The two types of boards are interconnected by PCI bus. Their active/standby arbitration
procedure is as below:
1) After power-on, two WSMUs and two WHSCs are all in standby status after
self-test, controlling no bus.
2) The two WSMUs and WHSCs judge the board statuses.
3) The boards in normal status are set to the active boards. If both pairs of boards are
normal, the boards in left slots are set to the active ones.
4) The software of WSMUs and WHSCs writes the active/standby information into
the hardware configuration registers. The hardware then applies for the bus
control authority and interlocks the active/standby boards.
III. Active/Standby Arbitration of WCSU/WCCUs, WIFMs, and WEAMs
Data configuration determines whether these boards are in active or standby status.
IV. Active/Standby Arbitration of WEPIs, WBFIs, and WSIUs
The active/standby statuses of theses must be consistent with those of corresponding

front boards.
8.3.2 Active/Standby Switchover Procedure
When a board is faulty or receives the switchover command, the active/standby

switchover occurs.
I. Active/Standby Switchove of WCKIs
The switchover of WCKIs is implemented by the hardware completely. The procedure

is as below:
1) The WCKI has faults or receives the switchover command.
2) The hardware of the WCKI implements the active/standby switchover command.
3) The WCKI changes the indicator on the panel to indicate the active/standby status.
II. Active/Standby Switchover of WSMUs and WHSCs
The two types of boards are interconnected by PCI bus. Their active/standby arbitration
procedure is as below:
1) The WSMU and WHSC are faulty or receive the switchover commands.
2) Their hardware intelocks the PCI.
3) The active WSMU disables the network port of the corresponding WHSC.
4) The network port of the WSMU that becomes active is enabled.
5) The WHSCs and WSMU change the indicators on their panels to indicate
active/standby statuses.
8-7
III. Active/Standby Switchover of WEPIs
The following describes the active/standby switchover of the WEPIs.

1) The active/standby switchover occurs in WEPIs or in the front boards of the
WEPIs.
2) If the WEPI accessed by E1 links becomes standby, the WSMU forces this board
to exchange the links to the H.110 bus in the backplane. Thus, the links can be
processed by the WEPI that becomes active.
3) If the WEPI accessed by E1 links becomes active, the WSMU forces the
processes these links directly. The H.110 bus in the backplane is idle.
IV. Active/Standby Switchover Procedure of WCSU/WCCUs, WIFMs, and

WEAMs
The following describes active/standby switchover procedures of WCSUs/WCCUs,

WIFMs, and WEAMs.
1) These boards are faulty or receive the switchover commands.
2) The WSMU board disables network ports in WHSC boards corresponding to the
active WCSU/WCCU, WIFM, and WEAM.
3) The network ports corresponding to WCSU/WCCU, WIFM, and WEAM that
become active are enabled.
4) The WCSU/WCCU, WIFM, and WEAM change the indicators on their panels to
indicate active/standby statuses.
8.4 Alarm Signal Flow

Figure 8-5 shows the alarm signal flow.
8-8
WCCU WEPI
WCCU WEPI
WSMU WSIU
WHSC
WSMU WSIU
WHSC
WALU
UPWR UPWR
UPWR UPWR
LAN BAM
Switch
WCCU WEPI
WCCU WEPI
WSMU WSIU
WHSC
WSMU WSIU
WHSC
WALU
UPWR UPWR
UPWR UPWR
SMU
HDU
Figure 8-5 Alarm signal flow
The alarm signal flow includes:

z Alarm signal flow in the basic subrack
z Alarm signal flows in expansion subracks
z SMU alarm signal flow
z HDU alarm signal flow
8.4.1 Alarm Signal Flow in Basic Subrack
The alarm signal flow is as follows:
I. Alarm Signal Flows in the Front Boards
The following describes the alarm signal flows in the front boards (except the WALU
and UPWR) in the basic subrack:
8-9
1) The front boards report the alarm information to the WSMU through the
shared-resource bus.
2) The WSMU reports the alarm information to the BAM through the WHSC and LAN
switch.
II. Alarm Signal Flows in the Back Boards
The following describes the alarm signal flows in the back boards:
1) The back boards without processors (WHSC, WSIU, and WBFI) report the alarm
information to the corresponding front boards.
3) The back boards with processors (WEPI and WCKI) directly report the alarm
information to the WSMU through the serial bus in the backplane.
4) The WSMU sends the alarm information to the BAM through the WHSC and LAN
switch. Meanwhile, it issues the status information of back boards to the WALU
through the serial bus.
5) Based on the alarm information received, the WALU drives the indicators on the
panel to indicate the working statuses of back boards.
The board status includes:
z Uninserted
z Normal
z Faulty
III. Alarm Signal Flow in the Power Supply Boards
The following describes the alarm signal flows in the power supply boards:
1) After collecting status signals from power supply modules through the backplane,
the WALU drives indicators on the panel to indicate whether power supply
modules are normal.
2) The WALU reports the status information of power supply modules to the WSMU
switch.
Note:
The WALU only shows the statuses of the two back UPWRs.
8.4.2 Alarm Signal Flows in Expansion Subracks
The alarm signal flows in expansion subracks are as follows:
8-10
I. Alarm Signal Flows in Front Boards
The following describes the alarm signal flows in front boards (except the WALU and
UPWRs).
resource-shared bus.
switch.
II. Alarm Signal Flows in Back Boards
The following describes the alarm signal flows in the back boards:
1) The back boards (WHSC, WSIU, and WBFI) without processors report the alarm
information to the corresponding front boards.
3) The back boards (WEPI and WCKI) with processors report the alarm information
to the WSMU through the serial bus in the backplane.
4) The WSMU issues the status information of back boards to the WALU through the
serial bus. The WLAU drives indicators on the panel to indicate the working
statuses of back boards:
z Uninserted
z Normal
z Faulty
switch.
III. Alarm Signal Flows in Power Supply Boards
The following describes the alarm signal flows in the power supply boards:
1) After collecting status signals from power supply modules through the backplane,
the WALU drives indicators on the panel to indicate whether power supply
modules are normal.
2) The WALU reports the status information of power supply modules to the WSMU
3) The WSMU sends the status information to the BAM through the WHSC and LAN
switch in the expansion subrack.
8.4.3 HDU Alarm Signal Flow
The following describes the HDU alarm signal flow:

1) The OAMAgent collects the alarms related to the HDU.
2) The OAMAgent module sends the HDU alarm information to the BAM through the
LAN switch.
8-11
3) The alarm processing module in the BAM processes the alarm information and
provides alarm reports to the alarm terminal. Then the alarm box generates
alarms.
8.4.4 SMU Alarm Signal Flow
The following describes the SMU alarm signal flow:

1) The SMUServer collects the alarm information related to the SMU.
2) The SMUServer module sends the SMU alarm information to the BAM through the
LAN switch.
3) The alarm processing module in the BAM processes the alarm information and
provides alarm reports to the alarm terminal. Then the alarm box generates
alarms.
8.4.5 BAM Internal Alarm Signal Flow
The following describes the BAM internal alarm signal flow:

1) The alarm processing module in the BAM collects the alarm information related to
the BAM.
2) The alarm processing module processes the alarm information and provides
alarm reports to the alarm terminal. Then the alarm box generates alarms.
8-12
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register Chapter 9 VLAN and Emergency Workstation
Chapter 9 VLAN and Emergency Workstation
This chapter introduces the structures and principles of virtual local area network
(VLAN) and emergency workstation.
9.1 VLAN
The VLAN is designed to separate the maintenance network and service network.
Independent from the maintenance network, the service network is free from the
network storms in the maintenance network.
9.1.1 VLAN Network Connection
Two LAN switches are adopted by the HLR9820 system. LAN switch1 (LS1 for short) is
the active one, while LAN switch2 (LS2 for short) is the standby one.
To separate the service network and maintenance network:
z Divide LS1 into two VLANs and define them V1 and V3.
z Divide LS2 into two VLANs, and define them V1 and V2.
V1s in both LAN switches are used on the service network, while V2 and V3 are used
on the maintenance network.
Figure 9-1 shows the network connection after VLANs are defined.
HDU1 HDU2 172.20.200.X 172.20.200.X

129.9.101.191/ HSC1172.30.200.X HSC2172.30.200.X TC
129.9.101.192
193 129.9.101.X 129.9.101.X
LS1 V1 V3 LS2 V1 V2 External

network
e0 e1 e2 e3 e0 e1 e2 e3
172.20.200.0 172.30.200.0 Emergency workstation
129.9.101.200 129.9.101.201 BAM
Active network Maintenance Active network cables of emergency workstation
cables network cables
Standby network Shared network Standby network cables of emergency workstation
cables cables
Figure 9-1 VLAN network connection
9-1
V1 in LS2 is the standby one for V1 in LS1, and V3 in LS1 is the standby one for V2 in
LS2.
Because there are service messages (mainly, authentication messages) in standby
VLANs, the service VLANs in both LAN switches are named as V1. The components
connected to V1s include:
z HDUs
z WHSCs
z BAM
z Network adapters e0 and e1 in the emergency workstation
V2 in LS2 processes maintenance information. When a fault occurs in V2, V3 in LS1
replaces V2. V2 is connected with a TC and network adapter e3 in the BAM. V3 is
connected with network adapter e2.
9.1.2 Resource Distribution in VLAN Network
Table 9-1 lists the network ports corresponding to the VLANs of the LAN switches.
Table 9-1 Network ports corresponding to VLANs of LAN switch
VLAN name Location Corresponding network port

V1 LS1 & LS2 1 - 14
V2 LS2 15 - 24
V3 LS1 15 - 24
Table 9-2 lists the configuration parameters of the network adapters in the VLAN
network.
Table 9-2 Configuration parameters of network adapters in the VLAN network
Network
Subnet
Component port/network IP address Gateway
mask
adapter
HDU1(SUN) eri0/bge0 129.9.101.191 255.255.0.0 None
HDU2(SUN) eri0/bge0 129.9.101.192 255.255.0.0 None
en0 129.9.101.191 255.255.0.0 None
HDU1(IBM)
en1 129.10.101.191 255.255.0.0 None
en0 129.9.101.192 255.255.0.0 None
HDU1(IBM)
en1 129.10.101.192 255.255.0.0 None
Maintenance IP network Planned
Planned by
TC segment (planned by by
operator
operator) operator
9-2
Network
Subnet
Component port/network IP address Gateway
mask
adapter
172.20.200.0 255.255.0.0 None
e0
129.9.100.1 255.255.0.0 None
172.30.200.0 255.255.0.0 None
e1
129.9.200.1 255.255.0.0 None
BAM Maintenance IP network

Planned
segment (planned by Planned by
e2 by
operator) is consistent operator
operator
with that of e3
Maintenance IP network
Planned
segment (planned by Planned by
e3 by
operator) is consistent operator
operator
with that of e2
172.20.200.0 255.255.0.0 None

e0
129.9.100.1 255.255.0.0 None
172.30.200.0 255.255.0.0 None
e1
Emergency 129.9.200.1 255.255.0.0 None
workstation
e2 Standby
Planned by
e3 segment (planned by by
operator
operator) operator
Network
adapter used Maintenance IP network Planned
Maintenance Planned by
to segment (planned by by
terminal operator
communicate operator) operator
with BAM
Network
adapters
Dialup used to Planned by
segment (planned by by
server communicate operator
operator) operator
with TC and
HDUs
Network
adapter used
BOSS to Planned by
segment (planned by by
system communicate operator
operator) operator
with SMU
server
Netra240 minicomputer integrates a system controller (SC) that functions as the TC.
Each SC has an IP address. When accessing a minicomputer, you can directly enter
the command # telnet <sc_ip> without a port number followed.
9-3
Table 9-3 lists the planning of IP addresses for the SC in Netra240.
Table 9-3 IP address of SC in Netra240
Network
Component IP address Subnet mask Gateway
port/network adapter
IP of SC in active
129.9.101.195 255.255.0.0 None
minicomputer
SC
IP of SC in standby
129.9.101.196 255.255.0.0 None
minicomputer
9.2 Emergency Workstation

Emergency workstation is a standby system of the BAM. When a fault that cannot be
removed temporarily occurs in the BAM, the emergency workstation is started to
function as BAM.
9.2.1 Components of Workstation
The emergency workstation is a PC installed with the local maintenance terminal

(LMT).
There used to be only one network adapter e0 in the PC. After the emergency
workstation is added, three more network adapters are needed, including e1, e2, and
e3.
z e0 and e1 are used to communicate with HDUs and SAU.
z e2 is a standby one.
z e3 is used to connect the maintenance network.
Because the emergency workstation functions as the BAM once it is started, BAM
software must be installed on it.
Table 9-4 lists the software installed on the emergency workstation and the BAM.
Table 9-4 Software differences between the BAM and the emergency workstation
BAM Emergency workstation

System Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Microsoft Windows 2000 Server
software (pack4) (pack4)
Database Microsoft SQL Server
Microsoft SQL Server 2000(pack3)
software 2000(pack3)
Application BAM, SMU SERVER, LMT, and
BAM, SMU SERVER
software smirror
Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 (or Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 (or
IE browser
above) above)
9-4
9.2.2 Operating principles of Emergency Workstation
When a fault that cannot be removed temporarily occurs in the BAM, the emergency
workstation must back up the BAM data in time to take over the BAM services
smoothly.
The emergency workstation synchronizes the BAM data using the smirror service. The
smirror service is a component in the BAM application. It is installed to the BAM by
default, and registered to Windows system as a service. When mirroring data, the
smirror service mirrors a whole directory (including the subdirectories).
To synchronize data between BAM and emergency workstation, the smirror service is
configured with a period ranging from 1 minute to 1439 minutes. The default
synchronization period is 240 minutes (4 hours).
When installing the emergency workstation, you must select the installation mode,
which is similar to that of the BAM software. In addition, you must configure the smirror
service and configuration files needed. After the installation, only the smirror service is
running, other BAM and SMU Server applications remain inactive in the emergency
workstation. While in the BAM, all applications are running after the installation.
The smirror service in the emergency workstation checks the files under the data
directory in the BAM according to the configured period. If the files vary, it synchronizes
the varied files to the mirror directory in the emergency workstation.
9.2.3 Network Connection between Emergency Workstation and BAM
Network ports e0 and e1 of the BAM are connected to V1s of LS1 and LS2 respectively.
To ensure that emergency workstation can take over the BAM services smoothly in
case of emergency, the e0 and e1 of the emergency workstation also need to be
connected to the V1s of LS1 and LS2. However, in actual application, the ends of the
network cables that connect the emergency workstation are connected only when the
workstation starts.
Network port e3 of BAM is connected to V2 in LS2, and the e3 of emergency
workstation is connected to the maintenance network. The emergency workstation
synchronizes data with the BAM through the e3.
Network port e2 of BAM is connected to V3 of LS1, as a standby port of e3. The e2 is
not activated until e3 is faulty, namely, e2 takes over services of e3 when e3 fails.
9.2.4 Switchover Procedure between Emergency Workstation and BAM
Suppose a sudden fault occurs in the BAM and cannot be removed in a short time, start
the emergency workstation as follows:
1) Pull out network cables connected to network ports e0, e1, e2, and e3 in the BAM.
2) Modify the IP address of e3 in the emergency workstation to that of e3 in the BAM.
9-5
3) Connect e0 and e1 in the emergency workstation to the V1 with network cables,

and then activate e0 and e1.
4) In the emergency workstation, copy the mirrored BAM data to the running
directories of BAM and SMU Server applications.
5) In the emergency workstation:
z For the BAM applications, perform the CRC to check the consistency of tables,
and then execute the command LST USD to query the records which are not
transmitted. Transmit the record if any is found. Collect operation records
after the date of BAM database backup, and then re-execute these operations.
If all tables are checked correct, execute the command LON.
z For the SMU Server applications, start them manually.
After the BAM fault is cleared, you need to restore the normal operation of the BAM,
that is, switch over from the emergency workstation to the BAM server.
When restoring data from the emergency workstation to the BAM, you need to back up
the system data and user data on the emergency workstation as follows:
1) In the emergency workstation, stop the BAM and SMU Server applications except
the smirror service.
2) Copy the data of emergency workstation to the running directories of BAM and
SMU Server applications in the BAM.
3) Disconnect the network cables to e0, e1, and e3 in the emergency workstation,
and recover the original IP address of e3.
4) Reconnect e0, e1, e2, and e3 to BAM.
5) Reconnect e3 to emergency workstation.
9-6
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations
Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations
A
AEB ATM E1/T1 processing Board
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
AuC Authentication Center
B
BAM Back Administration Module
BITS Building Integrated Timing Supply system
BNH Business Hall
C
CLK Clock
CPU Central Processing Unit
CAMEL Customized Applications for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic
D
DC Direct Current
H
HDU HLR Database Unit
HLR Home Location Register
HW Highway
I
IP Internet Protocol
K
KVM Keyboard, Video and Mouse
A-1
LAN Local Area Network

LANSwitch Local Area Network Switch
LMT Local Maintenance Terminal
M
M3UA (SS7) MTP3-User Adaptation Layer
MAC Media Access Control
MAP Mobile Application Part
MML Man-Machine Language
MRTIE Maximum Relative Time Interval Error
MSC Mobile Switching Center,Mobile Service Switching Center
MTP2 Message Transfer Part Layer 2
MTP3 Message Transfer Part 3rd Layer; Message Transfer Part Layer 3
MTP3B Message transfer part (broadband)
N
NMS Network Managerment System
O
OAMAgent Operation,Administration and Maintenance Agent
P
PC Personal Computer
PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect
PMC Protocol Management and Control board
PVC Pre-defined virtual connection
S
SAAL Signaling ATM Adaptation Layer
SAR Segmentation And Reassembly; Supplier Assessment Report
SAU Signaling Access Unit
SCCP Signaling Connection and Control Part
SCDF Service Control Data Function
SCTP Simple Control Transmission Protocol
A-2
SMB System Management Board

SMFAgent Subscriber Management Function Agent
SMU Subscriber Management Unit
SMUClient Subscriber Management Unit Client
SMUServer Subscriber Management Unit Server
SQL Structured Query Language
T
TCAP Transaction Capabilities Application Part
TDM Time Division Mulitiplex(ing)
U
UDP User Datagram Protocol
UI User Interface
UPWR UMSC Power module
V
VLAN Virtual LAN
W
WALU Wireless Alarm Unit
WBFI Wireless Back insert FE Interface Unit
WBSG Wireless Broadband Signaling Gateway
WCCU Wireless Calling Control Unit
WCKI Wireless Clock Interface Unit
WCSU Wireless Calling Control Unit and signaling process Unit
WEAM Wireless E1 ATM forward Module
WEPI Wireless E1_Pool Interface Unit
WHSC Wireless Hot-Swap and Control Unit
WIFM Wireless IP Forward Module
WSIU Wireless System Interface Unit
WSMU Wireless System Management Unit
A-3
HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register Index
Index
A C
acronyms and abbreviations cabinet feeding system, 6-5
A, A-1 clock control module, 7-5
B, A-1 clock distribution module, 7-3
C, A-1 clock interface module, 7-2
D, A-1 clock system
H, A-1 function, 7-2
I, A-1 structure, 7-1
K, A-1 technical specification, 7-5
L, A-1 clock system, overview, 7-1
M, A-2
N, A-2 D
O, A-2
database, BAM, 5-2
P, A-2
S, A-2
E
T, A-3
emergency workstation
U, A-3
components of workstation, 9-4
V, A-3
network connection, 9-5
W, A-3
operating principle, 9-5
active/standby arbitration, 8-6
switchover procedure, 9-5
active/standby switchover procedure, 8-7
exchange server, BAM, 5-2
alarm management system, 5-4
alarm signal flow, 8-8
F
alarm signal flow in basic subrack, 8-9
alarm signal flow, BAM, 8-12 functional modules
alarm signal flow, HDU, 8-11 BAM, 1-5
alarm signal flow, SMU, 8-12 HDU, 1-4
alarm signal flows in expansion subracks, 8-10 SAU, 1-4
AuC module, 3-3 SMU, 1-5
B H
BAM, 1-5, 5-1 hardware structure
hardware, 1-1 dual-cabinet structure, 1-2
software structure, 5-1 single-cabinet structure, 1-1
BAM alarm signal flow, 8-12 HDU, 1-4
BAM manager, 5-3 HDU alarm signal flow, 8-11
BAM service, 5-3 HDU, functional structure, 3-1
i-1
M SCDF module, 3-3

service maintenance system, 5-3
manager module, 3-2
service processing module, 2-3
MML server, BAM, 5-2
service server, BAM, 5-2
O signal flow
alarm signal flow, 8-8
O&M terminal, 5-3
board switchover procedure, 8-6
O&M terminal system
procedure of loading program and data, 8-5
alarm management system, 5-4
signaling procedure, 8-1
performance management system, 5-5
signaling interface module, 2-2
service maintenance system, 5-3
signaling lower-layer processing module, 2-3
O&M, functional structure, 5-1
signaling procedure, 8-1
OAMAgent module, 3-4
SMFAgent module, 3-3
SMU, 1-5
P
SMU alarm signal flow, 8-12
performance management system, 5-5
SMU client, 4-2
power monitoring system, 6-6
SMU database, 4-2
equipment room environment, 6-9
SMU server module, 4-1
fan box, 6-8
SMU, functional structure, 4-1
power distribution, 6-6
structure and functions of HDU
UPWR module, 6-7
AuC module, 3-3
power supply system, AC, 6-2
manager module, 3-2
power supply system, DC, 6-2
OAMAgent module, 3-4
power supply system, DC PDF, 6-5
SCDF module, 3-3
power supply system, feeding system, 6-5
SMFAgent module, 3-3
power supply system, monitoring system, 6-6
structure and functions of O&M system
power supply System, structure, 6-1
BAM, 5-1
power supply system, structure and requirments, 6-1
O&M terminal, 5-3
power supply system, subrack power supply, 6-6
structure and functions of SAU
processing procedure of 2M signaling over ATM, 8-2
service processing module, 2-3
processing procedure of signaling over IP, 8-4
signaling interface module, 2-2
processing procedure of signaling over TDM, 8-1
signaling lower-layer processing module, 2-3
system support module, 2-2
R
structure and functions of SMU
requirements of AC power supply system, 6-2 SMU client, 4-2
requirements of DC PDF, 6-5 SMU database, 4-2
requirements of DC power supply system, 6-2 SMU server module, 4-1
subrack power supply, 6-6
S system support module, 2-2
SAU, 1-4
functional structure, 2-1 T
hardware structure, 1-1 technical specifications, 7-5
i-2
V network connection, 9-1

resource distribution, 9-2
VLAN, 9-1
i.
i-3

HLR9820 Technical Manual-Architecture and Principle

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Chapter 1 System Architecture ......................................................................

HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

Volume Architecture and Principle

Manual Version T2-030264-20050302-C-1.20

Product Version V600R002

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Administration Building, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.,

Bantian, Longgang District, Shenzhen, P. R. China

Postal Code: 518129

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All Rights Reserved

No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any

, HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET, , ViewPoint, INtess, ETS, DMC,

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Manual Version Notes

Updates Made between Versions 1.20 and 1.10

Description of P650 and Netra240 platforms are added.

Updates Made between Versions 1.10 and 1.00

Figures 1-3, 2-1, 8-1, 8-2, and 8-3 are modified.

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

This manual applies to HUAWEI HLR9820 Home Location Register V600R002.

Chapter 1 System Architecture introduces the hardware structure and functional

Chapter 2 Structure and Functions of SAU introduces the functional structure of

Chapter 3 Structure and Functions of HDU introduces the functional structure of

Chapter 4 Structure and Functions of SMU introduces the functional structure of

Chapter 5 Structure and Functions of O&M System introduces the functional

Chapter 6 Structure and Requirements of Power Supply System introduces the

Chapter 9 VLAN and Emergency Workstation introduces the principles of the

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The manual is intended for the following readers:

The manual uses the following conventions:

II. Command conventions

italic Command arguments are in italic.

Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by

Optional alternative items are grouped in square brackets

Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by

# A line starting with the # sign is comments.

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Button names and menu items are in Boldface. For

Button names are inside angle brackets. For example, click

Multi-level menus are separated by forward slashes. For

IV. Keyboard operation

Press the keys concurrently. For example, <Ctrl+Alt+A>

Press and hold the primary mouse button (left mouse

Select and release the primary mouse button without

Press the primary mouse button twice continuously and

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Caution, Warning, Danger: Means reader be extremely careful during the

Note, Comment, Tip, Knowhow, Thought: Means a complementary

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Chapter 1 System Architecture.................................................................................................... 1-1

Chapter 2 Structure and Functions of SAU ................................................................................ 2-1

Chapter 3 Structure and Functions of HDU................................................................................ 3-1

Chapter 4 Structure and Functions of SMU................................................................................ 4-1

Chapter 5 Structure and Functions of O&M System ................................................................. 5-1

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5.3 O&M Terminal.................................................................................................................... 5-3

Chapter 6 Structure and Requirements of Power Supply System ........................................... 6-1

Chapter 7 Clock System ............................................................................................................... 7-1

Chapter 8 Signal Flow ................................................................................................................... 8-1

Chapter 9 VLAN and Emergency Workstation ........................................................................... 9-1

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9.1.1 VLAN Network Connection ..................................................................................... 9-1