KALINGA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bachelor Of Science In Midwifery

3rd Year Students

ASSIGNMENT IN PHYSICS

SUBMITTED TO: MA’AM EVANGELINE TORRES

SUBMITTED BY: SHAMYR A. SORIANO

1. LIGHT – electromagnetic radiation that can be detected by the human eye.

a.) PROPERTIES AND THEORIES
 KALINGA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bachelor Of Science In Midwifery
3rd Year Students

2. MIRRORS

a.) DIFFERENT TYPES OF MIRROR

Plane Mirror — These are flat mirrors that reflect images in their normal proportions,
reversed from left to right. This is the most common type of mirror used in
bedrooms and bathrooms.

Concave Mirror — Concave mirrors are spherical mirrors that curve inward like a spoon. They
create the illusion of largeness and are typically found in bathrooms and
bedrooms.

Convex Mirror — Convex mirrors are also spherical mirrors. However, unlike concave mirrors,
they bulge out and distort the reflected image, making it smaller.

3. REFLECTON – light bounces off the surface like mirrors such that the angle of incidence is
equal to the angle of reflection.

4. REFRACTION – is defined as the bending of light as it passes through materials of different

optical density.

5. FIBER OPTICS
-Fiber optics, or optical fiber, refers to the medium and the technology associated with the
transmission of information as light pulses along a glass or plastic strand or fiber. A fiber optic cable
can contain a varying number of these glass fibers -- from a few up to a couple hundred. Surrounding
the glass fiber core is another glass layer called cladding. A layer known as a buffer tube protects the
cladding, and a jacket layer acts as the final protective layer for the individual strand.
 KALINGA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bachelor Of Science In Midwifery
3rd Year Students

How fiber optics works?

Fiber optics transmit data in the form of light particles -- or photons -- that pulse through a
fiber optic cable. The glass fiber core and the cladding each have a different refractive index that
bends incoming light at a certain angle. When light signals are sent through the fiber optic cable,
they reflect off the core and cladding in a series of zig-zag bounces, adhering to a process called total
internal reflection. The light signals do not travel at the speed of light because of the denser glass
layers, instead traveling about 30% slower than the speed of light. To renew, or boost, the signal
throughout its journey, fiber optics transmission sometimes requires repeaters at distant intervals to
regenerate the optical signal by converting it to an electrical signal, processing that electrical signal.

6. LENSES

- Lenses can be used to focus light

- A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of
refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens
consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis. Lenses are made
from materials such as glass or plastic, and are ground and polished or molded to a desired shape. A
lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices
that similarly focus or disperse waves and radiation other than visible light are also called lenses,
such as microwave lenses, electron lenses, acoustic lenses, or explosive lenses.

7. IDENTIFY AND EXPLAIN SOME USES OF LIGHT IN THE FIELD OF TECHNOLOGIES.

ILLUMINATION – lighting for homes, offices, warehouses

SIGNS – illuminating signs in any shape or size
BACKLIGHTING APPLICATIONS – miniature fluorescent lighting is used in avionic display
illumination and backlighting in computer and technological applications
PHOTOTHERAPY – UV lights provide health benefits to a wide range of illnesses
TANNING – LightSources provides patented technology for maximum tanning effects
UV CURING – UV curing solutions are used in many industries to improve quality and cost-
efficient operations
UVC GERMICIDAL APPLICATIONS – Ultraviolet energy is highly effective at eradicating
bacteria and viruses from air, water and surfaces

ILLUMINATION is the obvious and most common of the many uses of light, with a wide variety
of types and styles of ultraviolet and fluorescent lighting available. Fluorescent light bulbs have a
phosphor coating on the inside which converts the ultraviolet radiation into visible light.

 Light Sources offers specialty fluorescent lamps and lighting solutions in a wide array of
standard lamp sizes with custom options available.
 LCDL offers a wide range of standard sizes and custom sign designs for home or commercial
use.
 KALINGA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bachelor Of Science In Midwifery
3rd Year Students

 Phototherapy Uses of Light Provide Medicinal Benefits

 UV lamps provide phototherapy to people that suffer from a wide range of medical ailments.
UV lamps are proven to improve skin conditions such as psoriasis, and improve mood
disorders including depression and seasonal affective disorder.
 Tanning - LightSources offers highly effective tanning solutions with patented and
proprietary technology to provide greater tanning intensity with longer lasting effects.

8. OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
a.) DISCUSS THE IMPORTANCE OF MEDICAL OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS.

- Optics and photonics are powerful, versatile, and enabling technologies for the development
of present and future generations of medical devices, instruments, and techniques for
diagnostic, therapy, and surgical applications.

- Optics has been used throughout the centuries as a technology to assist medical doctors
perform examinations of patients. Many of the medical instruments in use today rely on
optics and optical components to perform their intended function. In particular, there a set of
very basic but very popular and common medical instruments that were developed in the
nineteenth century and continue to be used in the medical profession of today. Among these
optical instruments we have the otoscope, the ophthalmoscope, retinoscope, laryngoscope,
and even basic devices such as the head mirror.

-In general, many of the basic optical medical instruments have in common the goal to
provide both a more direct illumination and optical magnification of the area under
examination. Conceptually, these optical instruments are similar to a telescope or microscope,
but their optical design is different.