East Timor

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This article is about the country. For the province, see East Timor (province).

Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste

Repúblika Demokrátika Timór-Leste (Tetum)

República Democrática de Timor-Leste (Portuguese)

Flag of East Timor

Flag

Coat of arms of East Timor

Coat of arms

Motto: Unidade, Acção, Progresso (Portuguese)

Unidade, Asaun, Progresu (Tetum)

(English: "Unity, Action, Progress")

Anthem: "Pátria" (Portuguese)

(English: "Fatherland")

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Location of East Timor

Location of East Timor

Capital

and largest city

Dili

8.55°S 125.56°ECoordinates: 8.55°S 125.56°E

Official languages

Portuguese
Tetuma

National languages

15 languages[show]

Religion (2010[1]) 96.9% Roman Catholic

3.1% other religions

Demonym(s) East Timorese

Timorese

Maubere (informal)[2][3]

Government Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic[4][5][6]

• President

Francisco Guterres

• Prime Minister

Taur Matan Ruak

Legislature National Parliament

Independence from Portugal and Indonesia

• Portuguese Timor

16th century

• Independence declared

28 November 1975

• Annexation by Indonesia

17 July 1976

• Administered by UNTAET

25 October 1999

• Independence restored

20 May 2002
Area

• Total

15,007[7] km2 (5,794 sq mi) (154th)

• Water (%)

negligible

Population

• 2015 census

1,167,242[8]

• Density

78/km2 (202.0/sq mi)

GDP (PPP) 2019 estimate

• Total

$7.221 billion

• Per capita

$5,561[9]

GDP (nominal) 2019 estimate

• Total

$3.145 billion

• Per capita

$2,422[9]

HDI (2017) Increase 0.625[10]

medium · 132nd

Currency United States dollarb (USD)

Time zone UTC+9

Driving side left

Calling code +670

ISO 3166 code TL

Internet TLD .tlc

Website

timor-leste.gov.tl

Fifteen further "national languages" are recognised by the Constitution.

Centavo coins also used.

.tp has been phased out.

East Timor (/-ˈtiːmɔːr/ (About this soundlisten)) or Timor-Leste (/tiˈmɔːr ˈlɛʃteɪ/; Tetum: Timór Lorosa'e),
officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste[11] (Portuguese: República Democrática de Timor-
Leste,[12] Tetum: Repúblika Demokrátika Timór-Leste),[13] is a country in Southeast Asia.[14] It
comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an
exclave on the northwestern side of the island surrounded by Indonesian West Timor. Australia is the
country's southern neighbour, separated by the Timor Sea. The country's size is about 15,007 km2
(5,794 sq mi).[7]

East Timor was colonised by Portugal in the 16th century, and was known as Portuguese Timor until 28
November 1975, when the Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor (Fretilin) declared the
territory's independence. Nine days later, it was invaded and occupied by the Indonesian military, and
was declared as the country's 27th province the following year. The Indonesian occupation of East Timor
was characterised by a highly violent, decades-long conflict between separatist groups (especially
Fretilin) and the Indonesian military.

In 1999, following the United Nations-sponsored act of self-determination, Indonesia relinquished

control of the territory. East Timor became the first new sovereign state of the 21st century on 20 May
2002 and joined the United Nations and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries. In 2011,
East Timor announced its intention to become the eleventh member of the Association of Southeast
Asian Nations (ASEAN).[15] It is one of only two predominantly Christian nations in Southeast Asia, the
other being the Philippines,[16] as well as the only Asian country to be located completely in the
Southern Hemisphere.