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308

0.1
0.09 Critical
Laminar zone Transition
0.08 flow zone Completely turbulent regime
67730_07_ch07_p270-343.qxd

0.07 64 0.05
f = ––
Re 0.04
0.06
0.03
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Chapter 7 / Internal Flows

0.05 0.02
0.015
0.04
0.01
10:59 PM

Re 0.008
crit
Rcr
0.006
0.03
f 0.004

0.025
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0.002
e
D
–– Relative roughness

0.02 0.001
0.0008
0.0006
0.0004
0.015 e (ft) e (mm)
Riveted steel 3 0.0002
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 0.01
Concrete  0.001-0.01 0.3-3
Wood  0.001 0.3 0.0001
Cast iron 0.00085 0.26
Galvanized iron 0.0005 0.15 Smooth pipes 0.000,05
0.01 Wrought iron 0.00015 0.046 0.000,001
Drawn tubing 0.000005 0.0015 0.000,005
0.009

0.008 0.000,01
7 9 2 3 4 5 67 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 2 3 4 5 67 9 2 3 4 5 67 9 2 3 4 5 67 9
103 104 105 106 107 108
Reynolds number Re
Fig. 7.13 Moody diagram. (From L. F. Moody, Trans. ASME, Vol. 66, 1944. Reproduced with permission of ASME.)
(Note: If e/D  0.01 and Re  104, the dot locates f  0.043.)

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