Perspective International Journal of Sensors, Wireless Communications and Control, 2019, Vol. 9, No.

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PERSPECTIVES IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS

5G Services and IoT Challenges

Joydev Ghosh*

National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia

The next era of wireless communication is 5G to lead state-of-the-art and distinctive potentialities to the connected world.
At research, it can be observed that 5G is more than an updating technology for wireless and telecommunication industries.
Quite a few recent and next generation wave connectivity technologies, such as millimeter wave (mmWave), Non-Orthogonal
Multiple Access (NOMA), etc., are crucial to experience smart technologies. Its performance objects multi-gigabits data rate,
energy saving, cost reduction, higher system capacity, massive device connectivity and ultra-low-latency [1-5].

According to the specification of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) IMT-2020, in order to achieve high
speed data rate up to 20 gigabits per second the usage of spectrum for mmWave of 15 GHz and higher frequency is the ultimate
solution. 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) releases 5G New Radio (NR) as its 5G communication standard proposal
[7]. 5G NR can include lower frequencies, from 600 MHz to 6 GHz [6, 7].

Although, due to mmWave’s Radio Frequency (RF) propagation features, its usage has so far been restricted to addressing
end-to-end solutions from the device to the network and to the cloud. The mmWave represents a particular portion of the RF
spectrum from 24GHz to 100GHz having very short wavelength. This part of the RF band is quite unutilized, therefore
mmWave targets largely enhance the amount of bandwidth for the allocation. Lower range RF spectrums are heavily congested
with TV and radio signals, as well as recent 4G LTE networks, which typically settle between 800 and 3000 MHz. The new
frontier is to mobilize mmWave for the smartphone, making it available for the masses. This requires cutting-edge Research
and Development (R&D) and extensive prototypes/simulations, as well as for the entire ecosystem to work on interoperability
testing and trials. The real meaning of mobility is getting modulated and widening every day. Nowadays, mobile world is built
for smartphones with voice and data in mind [8-12].

Authorizing smart, speedy, effective, and strong connectivity to the anticipated 100 billion associated “things” will create
our homes, our cities and our world smarter and our lives richer. 5G has the capability to produce data hundreds of times quick-
er than present cellular technology. One of the initial steps is to resume linking the unlinked machines and “things”.

Internet of Things (IoT) [13] has rapidly elevated into one of the emerging fields in cellular communication and pervasive
computing. IoT has wide coverage from indoor networks to outdoor networks, for example Wide Area Network (WAN)/5G.
IoT devices are diversified and differ by means of power consumption, signal transmission, networking ability, and battery life.
Despite their diversity and individual features, IoT applications having the basic issues which require to be fixed by the right
algorithms within the specific contexts. For instance, the adaptation of algorithms, the effective use of resource, drift control,
and network coverage have a wide application in IoT for the reasons such as utilization of resource, networking, partnership
and management. IoT transmissions provide key scope to design accurate, economical, reasonable-power, dependable, and
scalable solutions for cutting-edge applications.

In recent time, the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) we use on our mobile device is not the same LTE that is applied for IoT
networks. The VoLTE technology facilitates voice calls over an LTE network, while LTE for IoT (Cat-M1) technology permits
us to connect Machine to machine (M2M) communication over an LTE network. M2M communication plays an important role
in emerging IoT model in years and decades to come. The emerging IoT-5G scenario extends sensor based IoT capabilities to
robots, actuators and drones for distributed coordination and low-latency reliable execution of tasks at hand. The main regard is
focused on the end-to-end reliability, latency, and energy consumption comprising both uplink (UL) and downlink ((DL) for
5G-IoT communication [14-16].

____________________________________________________________
*Address correspondence to this author at the National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia; E-mails: joydev.ghosh.ece@gmail.com;
joydev.ghosh@ieee.org
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