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GENDER SENSITIVITY OF SELECTED PHILIPPINE LAWS USING
UNDP GENDER EQUALITY SEAL INITIATIVE
A Research
Presented to the Faculty of the
College of Education, Arts and Sciences
Gordon College
Olongapo City
In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Elementary Education- Generalist
Alfred F. Alvez
Mary Lin S. Peñaflor
Chessa Dale N. Urbina
Phobie Jane Tinoy
Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
October 2019
APPROVAL SHEET
This Research entitled “GENDER SENSITIVITY OF SELECTED
PHILIPPINE LAWS USING UNDP GENDER EQUALITY SEAL INITIATIVE”
prepared and submitted by Alfred F. Alvez, Chessa Dale N. Urbina, Phobie
Jane A. Tinoy and Mary Lin S. Peñaflor in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Elementary Education-
Generalist has been examined and is recommended for acceptance for approval
for ORAL EXAMINATION.
Ediric D. Gadia, LPT, PhD

Adviser
PANEL OF EXAMINERS
Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of ____.
__________________________
Chairman
____________________ _________________________
Member Member
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Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the

degree of Bachelor of Elementary Education- Generalist.
October, 2019 Ediric D. Gadia, LPT, PhD

Date of Oral Examination Dean, College of Education, Arts and Sciences
Title : GENDER SENSITIVITY OF SELECTED PHILIPPINE
LAWS USING UNDP GENDER EQUALITY SEAL
INITIATIVE
Researcher /s : Alvez, Alfred F.

Peñaflor, Mary Lin S.
Urbina, Chessa Dale N.
Tinoy, Phobie Jane A.
Adviser : Ediric D. Gadia, LPT, PhD
School : Gordon College- College of Education, Arts and

Sciences
Degree : Bachelor of Elementary Education- Generalist
Date of Completion : October 2019
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ABSTRACT
Gender sensitivity can be seen as the level of awareness, appreciation of
the need to maintain at reasonable levels the gender differentiation between the
male and the female. It can also be referred to the quality or inclination to
recognize, appreciate or respond appropriately to issues on gender lines. It would
mean where one has the ability to discriminate and act in ways that shows
sensitivity (knowledge) of the fact of differences between male and female and to
defer to the proper attitude while dealing with the male and female.
Gender sensitivity design to open communication between the sexes to
bring mutual understanding and respect of each other gender sensitive should
offered equal access to economic participation that able to pursue whatever career
or interest of individual. The government create gender sensitive laws that focuses
on women empowerment that can lead into gender equality.
This study utilize qualitative research in the form of focus group discussion
the researcher collect different data and discuss it to the group and evaluate
information using UNDP (United Nation Development Programme) tool Language
and communication. Based on the result of selected gender laws five (5) out of six
(6) laws are gender biased through the use of insensitive gender language.
Keywords: Gender Sensitivity, Gender biased, Gender laws, UNDP

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
To Jesus Christ, our Lord and Savior, for giving the wisdom, strength,
support and knowledge in exploring things, for the guidance in helping surpass all
the trials that we encountered and for giving determination to pursue our study,
and to make this study possible.
The researcher would like to extend their deepest sincerest gratitude to all
the people who helped there in any manner, who have shared the effort and
knowledge in order to make this research a reality.
Whatever has been accomplished and whatever has been the product of
every and endeavour, there is a great source of all effort, striving, guidance and
gracious blessings without whom this task would have been impossible.
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our thesis adviser, Ediric
D. Gadia, PhD, for the continuous support to our study and research, for her
patience, motivation, enthusiasm and immense knowledge. Her guidance helps us
all the time of research and writing of this thesis. We could not have imagined
having a better advisor and mentor for our research study.
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To the researcher’s loving parents, for their moral encouragement, financial
assistance as well as their spiritual support in every path the researchers take.
The authors
DEDICATION
This study is wholeheartedly dedicated to our beloved parents, who have
been our source of inspiration and gave us strength when we thought of giving
up, who continually provide their moral, spiritual, emotional, and financial support.
To our brothers, sisters, relatives, mentor, friends, and classmates who shared
their words of advice and encouragement to finish this study. And lastly, we
dedicated this book to the Almighty God, thank you for the guidance, strength,
power of mind, protection and skills and for giving us a healthy life. All of these,
we offer to you.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE PAGE i
APPROVAL SHEET ii
ABSTRACT iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
DEDICATION vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction 1
Statement of the Problem 4
Basic Assumption 4
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Scope and Delimitation of the Study 4
Significance of the Study 5
Definition of Terms 6
Chapter 2
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design 8
Locale of the Study 9
Research Instrument 10
Chapter 3
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Chapter 4
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary of Findings 25
Conclusions 26
Recommendations 26
BIBLIOGRAPHY 28
CURRICULUM VITAE
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Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
Gender sensitive is one of biggest issue in our country, but also on the
whole world. Sensitivity is way on how male and female treat in the society. Gender
sensitivity is a concept to develop equality and to remove barriers of both sexes
into personal and economic development created by government.
Gender sensitivity design to open communication between the sexes to
bring mutual understanding and respect of each other gender sensitive should
offered equal access to economic participation that able to pursue whatever career
or interest of individual. The government create gender sensitive laws that focuses
on women empowerment that can lead into gender equality. Jacobsen (2002)
points out the importance for development of addressing the specific
disadvantages that men face. Much like in women’s case there are global problem
areas for men, in both developing and developed countries. She reports data on
the destruction of human capital that affects men more than women and points
out how the changing roles of men put new demands on them. Even if men’s
restrictions are perhaps more of a self-imposed nature they should be paid
attention to and targeted by policy measures. There may be little hope of
ultimately addressing women’s issues if the men are ignored. As this paper
proceeds to review the literature on gender equality mostly focusing on women, it

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is useful to keep in mind the issues where gender biases show destructively in
men’s lives.
In nearly all societies, men and women, boys and girls, have a different
status and play different roles. Men and women behave differently, dress
differently, have different attitudes and interest, and have different leisure
activities. Contrary to traditionally held beliefs that these differences between male
and female behavior are biologically or genetically determined, recent research
has revealed that they are to a large extent socially constructed, or based on the
concept of gender.
Gender Sensitivity is the act of being sensitive to the ways people think
about gender. Gender Sensitivity tries to ensure that people rely less on
assumptions about traditional and outdated views on the roles of men and
women. Gender Sensitivity often gets expressed through people’s language and
choice. We can choose more inclusive language and use words that are gender
neutral. Gender Sensitivity is commonly understood as being mindful of gender
differences or ‘doing no harm’ (Aguilar 2016).
Gender sensitivity is considered as the starting point for gender awareness.
Gender awareness is a more critical and exacting understanding of the fact that
differences between sexes - which affect individuals' skills for accessing and
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controlling resources and services - are dependent on acquired behaviors
(UNESCO, 2010).
In the view of Simul (2009), gender sensitivity is the difference between
men and women in their activities and undertakings, regarding access to and
control over resources and participating in leadership and decision-making. In view
of the above definitions, gender sensitivity helps in creating awareness and
acceptance of the roles and responsibilities of women and men in the community
and their relationship between them.
According to Chambers Encyclopedia of English Dictionary, gender is seen
as the condition of being male or female. A widely accepted definition of gender
is that of UNESCO, which defines gender as socially determined characteristics of
men and women (A niche, 1998).
The UNDP Gender Equality Seal is a corporate certification process that
recognizes good performance of UNDP Country Offices, Regional Service Centre’s
and Headquarters Units and other Units in delivering transformational gender
equality results. The UNDP Gender Equality Seal is a quality assurance initiative
that track, measure and certify the competence and achievements in advancing
women's rights and corporate gender equality goals. It’s a tool for empowering
managers and accelerating changes needed to support countries’ gender equality
goals. The Seal has been adapted by the Bureau for Development Policy (BDP)
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Gender Team from the certification programmed for private and public
organizations to promote gender equality in Latin America led by the UNDP
Regional Centre for Latin America and the Caribbean. The lessons from this
innovative initiative guided the pilot phase of UNDP’s Gender Equality Seal. These
initiatives show how certification programmed are successful tools for accelerating
gender equality in the workplace, particularly in generating data and evidence to
improve and demonstrate efficiency and results. Principles of Gender-Sensitive
Communication UNDP Gender Equality Seal initiative. This research used Tool
UNDP Language and Communication to determine the selected laws are gender
sensitive or biased. The six (6) principles (1) Ensure that women and men are
represented (2) Challenges gender stereotypes (3) Avoid exclusionary forms (4)
Use equal form of address (5) Create a gender balance (6) Promote gender
equality through titles, labels, and names, are used to evaluate the selected laws
through language and communications. This tools used as guide to critic the
selected laws if it’s biased or sensitive. The rationale of gender-sensitive
communications Language plays a critical role in how we interpret the world,
including how we think and behave. In the UNDP context, the specific language in
which official messages, press releases, social media content, publications, and
statements from senior management use provide a crucial model for both, staff
and our partners. Word choices often reflect unconscious assumptions about
values, gender roles and the abilities of women and men. Gendered language is
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still commonplace in both the workplace and everyday life. For example, when
speaking about a Resident Representative; many colleagues automatically use the
male form ‘he’, not knowing if the person is a woman or a man. It is important to
remember that imprecise word choices can be interpreted as discriminatory,
demeaning or biased, regardless of how they are intended. Such language hinders
efforts to increase women’s empowerment, and is not in accordance with UNDP’s
goals. The Strategic Plan 2014 – 2017 underlines UNDP’s commitment to
advancing gender equality and women’s empowerment. Therefore, all UNDP
communications must portray women and girls, men and boys equitably and fairly.
By doing this, UNDP aims to transform attitudes and behaviors related to gender
inequality and the exclusion of women. As UNDP personnel and development
professionals, it is paramount to examine our messages to reduce or eliminate
word choices that silence, stereotype, or constrain others. While some language
expressions are intended to cause offense, others do not convey the original
meaning or are open to misinterpretation. This document is intended to be used
as a guide, and will not account for all situations where gender-sensitive
communication is needed.
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Statement of the Problem
This study was conducted to assess if Selected Philippine Laws of Gender
sensitivity exist through the help of the Law.
1. To determine if the selected Philippine laws are gender sensitive using
the UNDP focusing on language and communication.
Basic Assumptions
1. A study of Philippine Law with Gender sensitivity helps the people assessing
all the gender laws that tackles gender sensitivity.
Scope and Delimitation of the Study
The scope and delimitation of this study are; first is to identify the
importance of gender sensitivity in the country and gather necessary information
on the related issue about gender sensitivity, second, to identify the selected
Philippines laws are gender sensitive or gender biased using UNDP (United Nations
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Development Programme) Language and Communication third, is to observe how
this law established in the Philippines and to know who benefits more from that
law. Lastly, to know if this law promote gender sensitivity that can lead gender
equality.
Significance of the Study
The researchers’ hope that this study will help people to identify all the laws
in terms of gender sensitivity. This study will also be useful to the different
individuals. These are the people who will benefit from this study:
Researcher – The benefit that the researcher will get from this study is to
identify gender laws that exist in a community. And to study the value and
updated empirical knowledge about gendered practices; norms and
discourses in politically significant ways.
Future Researcher– Future researches can use this study as their
reference material for their future research and can get idea from here.
Other Students- Other student can also get some information in this study
in which can help them understand all the law establish for gender equality.
Government - This study will help the government to be sensitive in
making laws using appropriate words related to gender language.
Others- This study will help other people to understand and identify the
systematic analysis of the meaning of sex and gender in past and present
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societies, and produces notions, methodologies and theories which to grasp
how gender categories are entangled in other categories and practices
which is still given low priority in many academic disciplines.
Definition of Terms
The following terms were defined conceptually and or operationally as a
reference for clarity of ideas:
Act- It refers to the bill which has passed through the various legislative steps
required for it and which has become law.
Gender- It refers to the three categories gender identity, gender expression, and
biological sex. These categories are another way of breaking down gender into the
different social, biological, and Cultural constructions.
Gender Sensitivity- It refers to the act of being sensitive to the ways people
think about gender. The awareness informed propensity to behave in a manner
which is sensitive to gender justice and gender equality issues.
Republic Act- It refers to the piece of legislation used to create policy in order
to carry out the principles of the Constitution.
Law- It refers to the system of rules that are created and enforced through social
or governmental institutions to regulate behavior.
Women’s Empowerment- It refers to the provision, availability, and accessibility
of opportunities, services, and observance of human rights which enable women
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to actively participate and contribute to the political, economic, social, and cultural
development of the nation as well as those which shall provide them equal access
to ownership, management, and control of production, and of material and
informational resources and benefits in the family, community, and society.
Gender Equality -It refers to the equal rights, responsibilities and opportunities
of women and men and girls and boys.
Gender Mainstreaming- It refers to mainstreaming a gender perspective is the
process of assessing the implication for women and men of any planned action,
including legislation, policies or programmed, in all areas and at all levels. It is a
strategy for making women’s as well as men’s concerns and experiences an
integral dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of
policies and programmed in all political, economic and societal spheres so that
women and men benefit equally and inequality is not perpetuated.
Women’s Rights – It refers to the human rights of women and of the girl child
are an inalienable, integral and indivisible part of universal human rights. The full
and equal participation of women in political, civil, economic, social and cultural
life, at the national, regional and international levels, and the eradication of all
forms of discrimination on grounds of sex are priority objectives of the international
community.
Discrimination - It refers to discrimination against women’ shall mean any
distinction, exclusion or restriction made on the basis of sex which has the effect
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or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise by
women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis of equality of men and
women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic,
social, cultural, civil or any other field.
Gender-based violence - It refers to form of discrimination that seriously
inhibits women’s ability to enjoy rights and freedoms on a basis of equality with
men. Gender-based violence, which impairs or nullifies the enjoyment by women
of human rights and fundamental freedoms under general international law or
under human rights conventions.
UNDP – it refers to United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), United Nations (UN) organization formed in 1965 to help countries
eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable human development, an approach
to economic growth that emphasizes improving the quality of life of all citizens
while conserving the environment and natural resources for future generations.
Chapter 2
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methods and procedures of the study that were
used by the researcher in order to obtain, analyze and interpret the data
requirements of the research. The research design, research instruments,
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construction of instruments, data gathering procedure and statistical treatment of
data are also included in this chapter.
Research Design
According to Kothari (2004), research design is a plan, a roadmap and a
blueprint strategy of investigation conceived so as to obtain answers to research
questions (Kothari, 2004) it is the heart of any study. This is done in order to
ensure that one effectively addresses the research problem. Research design
constitutes the blueprint or the roadmap for the collection, measurement and
analysis of data. The research design used focus group discussions are useful to
examine how social knowledge is produced. The researcher stimulates discussion
in order to examine how knowledge and ideas develop and operate in a given
group. Most of the times, a facilitator guides a discussion about a particular topic.
Some sensitive issues might be more easy discussed within a group, although
other (personal) information might be withheld, for instance when persons are
acquainted with each other. The role of the facilitator is to create an open
atmosphere, involve participants in the discussion and manage this discussion. The
organization of a focus group requires careful attention.
Document analysis is based on existing sources, like government reports,
personal documents, articles in newspapers, books or medical records.
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Research Instrument
This research use the Principles of Gender-Sensitive Communication, Gender
Equality Seal Initiative Guidelines UNDP to distinguish the selected gender laws of
the Philippines through the use of language and communication. This tool use to
determine the laws using the six (6) principles of UNDP Language and
Communication determining if the selected laws are gender sensitive or gender
biased. Here are the (6) six principles of gender-sensitive communications: one(1)
Ensure that women and men are represented; two (2) Challenge gender
stereotypes; three(3) Avoid exclusionary forms; four(4) Use equal forms of
address; five(5) Create a gender balance
Locale of the Study
The Local of the study is at Gordon College Olongapo City Sports Complex
Donor Street, East Tapinac Olongapo City. Gordon College Olongapo, City also
known as Dalubhasang Gordon in Filipino, is a local government-funded college
in Olongapo City Philippines. It was founded on Feb. 24 1992 by virtue of the city
Ordinance No. 9.
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East Tapinac Olongapo City
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Figure 1.Local of study
Table 1
By gathering this data the researcher find out who are the persons behind
implementing the following gender laws and when this laws are published. The
researcher also found out why are this following laws are published because
during those times the Philippines have been facing problems needs a solution so
they end up making laws.
LAWS DATE PUBLISHED PRESIDENT

RA 7192
( Women Development and February 12, 1992 Corazon C. Aquino
Nation Building Act)
RA 7877
(Anti-Sexual Harassment) February 14,1995 Fidel V. Ramos
RA 8353
( Anti- Rape Law)
September 30, 1997 Fidel V. Ramos
RA 8505
(Rape Victim Assistance and
Protection Act of ) February 13, 1998 Fidel V. Ramos
RA 9208
(Anti-Trafficking in Persons
Act) May 26, 2003 Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
RA 9262
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(Anti- Violence Against March 8, 2004 Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

Women And Their Children
Act )
RA 9710
( The Magna-Carta of Women)
August 14, 2009 Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
RA 11313
(Safe Spaces ACT)
July 23, 2018 Rodrigo Roa Duterte
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Chapter 3
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This Chapter presents and discusses the results, analysis and
interpretation of the data gathered. It includes the discussion on the study of
Philippine laws with gender sensitivity.
The following table below shows if the selected Philippine laws are gender
sensitive or biased through the use of six (6) principle of UNDP United Nation
Development Program Language and Communication.
TABLE 1
RA 7192 (Women Development and Nation Building Act)
This table shows that RA 7192 (Women Development and Nation Building Act) is
gender biased. Using to UNDP (United Nations Development Programmed)
Language and Communication. This law violate the six (6) Principles of gender-
sensitive communications. By using insensitive gender language in each principle
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that state of specific gender, which is women. According to the result of this table
this law emphasizes women empowerment. The economic empowerment of
women refers to the process of according women the power to become “bread
winners” to be self- reliant to generate income from projects and fight poverty
(Elliot 2008).
Principles of gender-sensitive Gender Biased Gender Sensitive

communications
1. Ensures that women and SECTION 2 Foreign governments and

men are represented Foreign governments and organizations shall utilized
multilateral agencies and agencies concerned to
organizations shall be set support programs and
aside and utilized by the activities both men and
agencies concerned to women.
support programs and
activities for women;
2. Challenges gender SECTION (1) Provide income and

stereotypes Formulate and prioritize rural or employment opportunities
countryside development both men and women in all
programs or projects, provide rural areas.
income and employment
opportunities to women in the
rural areas and thus, prevent
their heavy migration from rural
to urban or foreign countries;
3. Avoid exclusionary forms SECTION 4. Mandate — Ensure the active participation

(3) Ensure the active of every individuals in the
participation of women and organization of development,
women’s organizations in the projects and programs including
development programs and/or their involvement in the
projects including their planning, design,
involvement in the planning, implementation, management,
design, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation.
management, monitoring and
evaluation thereof;
4. Use equal form of SECTION 5. Equality in Capacity By any person shall have equal
address to Act access to all government and
(2) Women shall have equal private sector programs
access to all government and granting agricultural credit,
private sector programs loans and nonmaterial resources
and shall enjoy equal treatment
granting agricultural credit,
in agrarian reform and land
loans and nonmaterial resources
resettlement programs
and shall enjoy equal treatment
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in agrarian reform and land

resettlement programs;
5. Create a gender balance SECTION 3 All government departments

2) All government departments shall ensure the equal benefit
and participate directly in the
shall ensure that women benefit
equally and participate directly development programs and
in the development programs projects of said department,
specifically those funded under
and projects of said department,
specifically those funded under official foreign development
official foreign development assistance.
assistance.
6. Promote gender equity SECTION 3.Responsible Agency The National Economic and
through titles, labels — The National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA)
and names Development Authority (NEDA) shall primarily be responsible
shall primarily be responsible for for ensuring the participation of
ensuring the participation of any person as recipients in
foreign aid, grants and loans.
women as recipients in foreign
aid, grants and loans.
RA 7877 (Anti-Sexual Harassment)
This table shows that RA 7877(Anti- Sexual Harassment) is gender

sensitive. Using UNDP (United Nations Development Programmed)
Language and Communication. This law attained all the six (6) Principles of
gender-sensitive communications. This law promotes gender sensitivity that
all gender have equal protection all forms of violence. The Universal
Declaration of Human Rights, which grounds its set of human rights in “the
inherent dignity and…equal and inalienable rights of all members of the
human family.” These foundational international legal guarantees in turn
directly inform the understanding of human rights articulated by the UN
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Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) and are drawn
on by USAID: “human rights are inherent to all human beings, irrespective
of…any other status…generally expressed as universal legal guarantees”
(USAID 2016, p6).
Principles of gender- Gender Biased Gender Sensitive

sensitive communications
1. Ensure that women and Section 6. Independent Action

men are represented for Damages. - Nothing in this
Act shall preclude the victim of
work, education or training -
related sexual harassment from
instituting a separate and
independent action for damages
and other affirmative relief.
2. Challenge gender Section 7. Penalties. - Any

stereotypes person who violates the
provisions of this Act shall, upon
conviction, be penalized by
imprisonment of not less than
one (1) month nor more than six
(6) months, or a fine of not less
than Ten thousand pesos
(P10,000) nor more than Twenty
thousand pesos (P20,000), or
both such fine and imprisonment
at the discretion of the court.
3. Avoid exclusionary forms
SECTION 4.
Duty of the Employer or Head of
Office in a Work-related,
Education or Training
Environment. - It shall be the
duty of the employer or the head
of the work-related, educational
or training environment or
institution, to prevent or deter
the commission of acts of
sexual harassment and to
provide the procedures for the
resolution, settlement or
prosecution of acts of sexual
harassment. Towards this end,
the employer or head of office
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4. Use equal forms of Section 2. Declaration of

address Policy. - The State shall value
the dignity of every individual,
enhance the development of its
human resources, guarantee full
respect for human rights, and
uphold the dignity of workers,
employees, applicants for
employment, students or those
undergoing training, instruction
or education. Towards this end,
all forms of sexual harassment in
the employment, education or
training environment are hereby
declared unlawful.
5. Create a gender balance In the case of a work-related

environment, the committee shall
be composed of at least one (1)
representative each from the
management, the union, if any,
the employees from the
supervisory rank, and from the
rank and file em In the case of
the educational or training
institution, the committee shall
be composed of at least one (1)
representative from the
administration, the trainors,
instructors, professors or
coaches and students or
trainees, as the case may be
employees.
6. Promote gender equality Section 3. Work, Education or

through titles, labels, Training -Related, Sexual
and names Harassment Defined. - Work,
education or training-related
sexual harassment is committed
by an employer, employee,
manager, supervisor, agent of
the employer, teacher,
instructor, professor, coach,
trainor, or any other person who,
having authority, influence or
moral ascendancy over another
in a work or training or
education environment,
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demands, requests or otherwise

requires any sexual favor from
the other, regardless of whether
the demand, request or
requirement for submission is
accepted by the object of said
Act.
RA 8353 (Anti-Rape Law)
This table shows that RA 8353(Anti- Rape Law) is gender biased. Using
UNDP (United Nations Development Programmed) Language and
Communication, two (2) out of six (6) Principles of gender-sensitive
communication are not attained as a result this law proved that it is
gender biased. This law violate the two (2) principle of language and
communication. The first (1st) principle and fourth (4th) principle uses
insensitive language which is man and his penis that is specific in one
gender. This law promote women protection rather than men. Violence
against women has been existing many years ago in many different forms
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[1]. In the Philippines, there are implemented laws to protect women’s

rights and prevention of violence against women. The government has
built campaigns and programs to strengthen their call of action for this
phenomenon. But despite of this, Philippines is one of the countries that
has the most number of cases of violence against women as stated by
(Michelle J. Hiden in 2002).

communications
1. Ensure that women and “Article 266-A. Rape “1) By a By a persons who shall have
men are represented man who shall have carnal carnal knowledge of a victim
knowledge of a woman under under any of the following
any of the following circumstances.
circumstances:
2. Challenge gender “Article 266-B. Penalties

stereotypes “Whenever the rape is
committed with the use of a
deadly weapon or by two or
more persons, the penalty
shall be reclusion perpetua
to death
3. Avoid exclusionary “Article 266-A. Rape; By any person who, under any of
forms When And How the circumstances mentioned
Committed. in paragraph 1 hereof, shall
commit an act of sexual
“2) By any person who,
under any of the assault of his /her sexual
circumstances organ into another person’s ,
or any instrument or object,
mentioned in paragraph
1 hereof, shall commit into the genital or anal orifice
an act of sexual assault of another person.
by inserting his penis
into another person’s
mouth or anal orifice, or
any instrument or
object, into the genital
or anal orifice of
another person.
4. Use equal forms of “SEC. 2. Rape as a Crime Against

address Persons. “Article 266-B.
Penalties
When by reason or on the
occasion of the rape, the
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victims has become insane,

the penalty shall be reclusion
perpetua to death.
5. Create a gender balance “Article 266-D. Presumptions. –

Any physical overt act
manifesting resistance
against the act of rape in any
degree from the offended
party, or where the offended
party is so situated as to
render her/him incapable of
giving valid consent, may be
accepted as evidence in the
prosecution of the acts
punished under Article 266-
A.”
6. Promote gender equity “Article 266-B. Penalties

through titles, labels, “When by reason or on the
and names occasion of the rape, the victim
has become insane, the penalty
shall be reclusion temporal.
RA 8505 (Rape Victim Assistance and Protection Act)
This table shows that RA 8505 (Rape Victim Assistance and Protection
Act) is gender biased. Using UNDP (United Nations Development
Programmed) Language and Communication, one (1) of Principles of
gender-sensitive communication are not attained as a result this law proved
that it is not gender sensitive. This law violate the sixth (6 th ) principles in
language and communication can’t promote gender equity through titles,
labels and names by using gender insensitive language which is police
woman. Individual should have equal assistance and protection from
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government women and girls bearing children from rape is a poorly

understood subject area as a majority of the people h ardly appreciates the
underlying causes and consequences of sexual violence, and their impact
on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Rape is also seen as sexual
intercourse with a woman by a man without her consent and chiefly by
force or deception (Smarter Sex, 2010).

communications
1. Ensure that SEC. 3. Rape Crisis Center.

women and men (a) Providing rape victims with
represented psychological counselling,
medical and health services,
including their medico-legal
examination;
2. Challenge gender SEC. 3. Rape Crisis Center

stereotypes (g) Adopting and implementing
programs for the recovery of
rape victims.
3. Avoid SEC. 6. Rape Shield. — In

exclusionary prosecutions for rape,
forms evidence of complainant’s
past sexual conduct, opinion
thereof or of his/her
reputation shall not be
admitted unless, and only to
the extent that the court
finds, that such evidence is
material and relevant to the
case
4. Use equal forms SEC. 3. Rape Crisis Center

of address (e) Providing psychological
counseling and medical
services when necessary for
the family of rape victims
5. Create a gender SECTION 6

balance (b) Securing free legal
assistance or service, when
necessary, for rape victims;
6. Promote gender SEC. 4. Duty of the Police For this purpose, a victim’s desk
equity through Officer must be established in every
titles, labels and For this purpose, a women’s police precinct throughout the
names desk must be established in country to provide a police to
every police precinct conduct investigation of
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throughout the country to complaints of rape victims. In

provide a police woman to the same manner, the
conduct investigation of preliminary investigation proper
complaints of women rape or inquest of rape victims must
victims. In the same manner, be assigned to prosecutors after
the preliminary investigation the police shall have endorsed
proper or inquest of women all the pertinent papers thereof
rape victims must be assigned to the same office.
to female prosecutor or
prosecutors after the police
shall have endorsed all the
pertinent papers thereof to the
same office.
RA 9208 (Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act)
This table shows that RA 9208(Anti- Trafficking in Persons Act) is gender

biased. Using UNDP (United Nations Development Programmed)
Language and Communication two (2) of the principles are violated. As a
result this law proved that it is biased. The 1 st and 2 nd principle use
insensitive language using unequal address of both sexes through the
use Filipino women and women.
Identifying vulnerable individuals of human trafficking, particularly

children and youth, is one of the more challenging aspects of this unique
crime. Because sex trafficking is a clandestine operation, identification
can be difficult (U.S. Department of Justice, 2017; Clawson & Grace,
2007).
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Principles of Gender Biased Gender Sensitive

gender sensitive
communications
1. Ensure (e) SECTION 16 (e) ( e) National Commission on the

that Role of Filipino’s (NCRFW) -
women (e) National Commission on the shall actively participate and
and men Role of Filipino Women coordinate in the formulation
are (NCRFW) - shall actively and monitoring of policies
represent participate and coordinate in addressing the issue of
ed the formulation and trafficking in persons in
monitoring of policies coordination with relevant
addressing the issue of government agencies. It shall
trafficking in persons in likewise advocate for the
coordination with relevant inclusion of the issue of
government agencies. It shall trafficking in persons in both
likewise advocate for the its local and international
inclusion of the issue of advocacy for men and women
trafficking in persons in both issues.
its local and international
advocacy for women's issues
2. Challenge SECTION 20
gender
SECTION 20 (g) Three (3) representatives
stereotyp from NGOs, who shall be
es (g) Three (3) representatives
from NGOs, who shall be composed of one (1)
composed of one (1) representative each from
among the sectors
representative each from
among the sectors representing any person,
representing women, overseas Filipino workers
(OFWs) and children, with a
overseas Filipino workers
(OFWs) and children, with a proven record of involvement
proven record of involvement in the prevention and
suppression of trafficking in
in the prevention and
suppression of trafficking in persons. These representatives
persons. These shall be nominated by the
government agency
representatives shall be
nominated by the representatives of the Council,
government agency for appointment by the
President for a term of three
representatives of the
Council, for appointment by (3) years.
the President for a term of
three (3) years.
3. Avoid Section 10. Penalties and

exclusion Sanctions.
ary forms
(b) Any persons found guilty of
committing any of the acts
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enumerated in Section 5 shall

suffer the penalty of
imprisonment of fifteen (15)
years and a fine of not less
than Five hundred thousand
pesos (P500,000.00) but not
more than One million pesos
(P1,000,000.00);
4. Use equal Section 19. Trafficked

forms of Persons Who are Foreign
address Nationals . - Subject to the
guidelines issued by the
Council, trafficked persons in
the Philippines who are
nationals of a foreign country
shall also be entitled to
appropriate protection,
assistance and services
available to trafficked persons
under this Act: Provided , That
they shall be permitted
continued presence in the
Philippines for a length of time
prescribed by the Council as
necessary to effect the
prosecution of offenders.
5. Create Section 17. Legal Protection

gender to Trafficked Persons. -
balance Trafficked persons shall be
recognized as victims of the
act or acts of trafficking and as
such shall not be penalized for
crimes directly related to the
acts of trafficking enumerated
in this Act or in obedience to
the order made by the
trafficker in relation thereto. In
this regard, the consent of a
trafficked person to the
intended exploitation set forth
in this Act shall be irrelevant.
6. Promote Section 10. Penalties and

gender Sanctions.
equality
through (e) If the offender is a
titles, corporation, partnership,
labels, association, club,
and establishment or any juridical
names person, the penalty shall be
imposed upon the owner,
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president, partner, manager,

and/or any responsible officer
who participated in the
commission of the crime or
who shall have knowingly
permitted or failed to prevent
its commission;
RA 9262 (Anti-violence against women and their children act)
This table shows that RA 8505 (Rape Victim Assistance and Protection
Act) is gender biased. Using UNDP (United Nations Development
Programmed) Language and Communication, the second (2nd) principles
of gender-sensitive communication used insensitive gender language
which is woman that proved this law violate the second (2 nd ) principle
of stereotype as a result of a gender biased. This law emphasized women
and children protection. Every person’s should have protection in all
forms of violence. Women with disabilities are at least twice as likely as
women without disabilities to be victims of rape, sexual abuse and
intimate partner violence, and, while all children with disabilities are at
28
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a higher risk of various forms of violence compared to children without

disabilities, girls with disabilities are more likely to experience physical
and sexual violence than boys (Heijden and Dunkle, 2017;)

communications
1. Ensure that women and SECTION 3. Definition of Terms

men are represented
(g) "Safe place or shelter" refers
to any home or institution
maintained or managed by the
Department of Social Welfare
and Development (DSWD) or by
any other agency or voluntary
organization accredited by the
DSWD for the purposes of this
Act or any other suitable place
the resident of which is willing
temporarily to receive the
victim.
2. Challenge gender SECTION 3. Definition of Terms. "Sexual violence" refers to an

stereotypes act which is sexual in nature,
B. "Sexual violence" refers to an committed against families.
act which is sexual in nature, It includes, but is not limited
committed against a woman or to:
her child. It includes, but is not
limited to:
3. Avoid exclusionary SECTION 29. Duties of

forms Prosecutors/Court Personnel
b) inform the victim of her/his

rights including legal
remedies available and
procedure, and privileges for
indigent litigants.
4. Use equal forms of SECTION 30. Duties of Barangay

address Officials and Law
Enforcers. – (a) respond
immediately to a call for help
or request for assistance or
protection of the victim by
entering the necessary
whether or not a protection
order has been issued and
ensure the safety of the
victim/s;
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5. Create a gender balance SECTION 40. Mandatory

Programs and Services for
Victims. – The DSWD, and
LGU's shall provide the
victims temporary shelters,
provide counseling, psycho-
social services and /or,
recovery, rehabilitation
programs and livelihood
assistance.
6. Promote gender equity SECTION 30. Duties of Barangay

through titles, labels, Officials and Law
and names Enforcers. –
(c) transport or escort the

victim/s to a safe place of
their choice or to a clinic or
hospital;
(d) assist the victim in removing

personal belongs from the
house;
RA 9710 (The Magna Carta of Women)
This table shows that RA 9710 (The Magna Carta of Women) is biased.
Using to UNDP (United Nations Development Programmed ) Language
and Communication this law violate the six (6) Principles of gender-
sensitive communications in terms of using insensitive gender language
which is women and women empowerment. This law emphasis
women development through government programs, projects and
trainings. Any person’s should have equal treatment in terms of economic
participation.
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What is particularly significant to reproductive health advocates about

the Magna Carta of Women is that it addresses the major causes of
women’s mortality and morbidity, including access to maternal care,
responsible, ethical, legal, safe and effective methods of family planni ng.
For me, this assures a woman her human right to determine the family
planning method of her choice, be it artificial or natural method. (Domini
M. Torrevillas, 2009).

communications
1. Ensure that women and Section 4. Definitions . - For "Discrimination Against any
men are represented purposes of this Act, Persons" refers to any gender-
based distinction, exclusion, or
(b) "Discrimination Against restriction which has the effect
Women" refers to any or purpose of impairing or
gender-based distinction, nullifying the recognition,
exclusion, or restriction enjoyment, or exercise by
which has the effect or women and men, irrespective of
purpose of impairing or their marital status, on a basis
nullifying the recognition, of equality of men and women,
enjoyment, or exercise by of human rights and
women, irrespective of their fundamental freedoms in the
marital status, on a basis of political, economic, social,
equality of men and women, cultural, civil, or any other field.
of human rights and
fundamental freedoms in the
political, economic, social,
cultural, civil, or any other
field.
Section 10. Women Affected

Everyone have the right to
by Disasters, Calamities,
protection and security in times
and Other Crisis
of disasters, calamities, and
Situations . - Women have
other crisis situations especially
the right to protection and
in all phases of relief, recovery,
security in times of disasters,
rehabilitation, and construction
calamities, and other crisis
efforts.
situations especially in all
phases of relief, recovery,
rehabilitation, and
construction efforts.
2. Challenge gender stereo Section 4. Definitions. "People Empowerment"

types refers to the provision,
(a) "Women Empowerment" availability, and accessibility of
refers to the provision, opportunities, services, and
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availability, and accessibility of observance of human rights

opportunities, services, and which enable individual’s
observance of human rights actively participate and
which enable women to actively contribute to the political,
participate and contribute to the economic, social, and cultural
political, economic, social, and development of the nation as
cultural development of the well as those which shall
nation as well as those which provide them equal access to
shall provide them equal access ownership, management, and
to ownership, management, and control of production, and of
control of production, and of material and informational
material and informational resources and benefits in the
resources and benefits in the family, community, and society.
family, community, and society.
3. Avoid exclusionary Section 5. The State as the Protect men and women against
forms Primary Duty-Bearer. discrimination and from
violation of their rights by
(b) Protect women against private corporations, entities,
discrimination and from and individuals;
violation of their rights by
private corporations, entities,
and individuals;
4. Use equal forms of Section 8. Human Rights of All rights in the Constitution
Address Women . - All rights in the and those rights recognized
Constitution and those rights under international instruments
recognized under duly signed and ratified by the
international instruments Philippines, in consonance with
duly signed and ratified by Philippine law, shall be human
the Philippines, in rights under this Act to be
consonance with Philippine enjoyed without discrimination.
law, shall be rights of
women under this Act to be
enjoyed without
discrimination.
5. Create gender Balance Section 9. Protection from The State shall protect all
Violence . - The State shall gender from all forms of
ensure that all women shall violence as provided for in
be protected from all forms existing laws. Agencies of
of violence as provided for in government shall give priority
existing laws. Agencies of to the defense and protection of
government shall give priority men and women against
to the defense and protection gender-based offenses and help
of women against gender- women attain justice and
based offenses and help healing.
women attain justice and
healing.
6. Promote Gender Section 11. Participation and To ensure the participation of

Equality through titles, Representation . all persons in all levels of
labels and names development planning and
program implementation, at
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(b) Development Councils and least forty percent (40%) of

Planning Bodies. - To ensure membership of all development
the participation of women councils from the regional,
in all levels of development provincial, city, municipal and
planning and program barangay levels shall be
implementation, at least forty composed of any persons;
percent (40%) of
membership of all
development councils from
the regional, provincial, city,
municipal and barangay
levels shall be composed of
women;
RA 11313 (Safe Spaces Act)
This table shows that RA 11313(Safe Spaces Act) is gender biased. Using
UNDP (United Nations Development Programmed) Language and
Communication .Three (3) out of six (6) Principles of gender-sensitive
communications are not attained. The first (1 st ) , second (2 nd ) and third
(3 rd ) principles of language and communication used ins ensitive gender
language which is woman, PNP WOMEN that proved this law violate
the first (1 st ) and second (2 nd ) the Ensure that women and men are
represented and challenge gender stereotypes as a result of gender
biased. This law support women and LGBT empowerment, it provides
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women and LGBT protection against catcalling, whistling, misogynistic

and homophobic slurs and forms of sexual harassment in public. Today
welcomed the lapsing into law of a proposed measure that penalizes
catcalling, wolf-whistling and other forms of gender-based street
harassment against women and members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual
and transgender (LGBT) community according to (Akbayan Senator Risa
Hontiveros, 2019)

communications
1. Ensure that women Article IV Designate any persons as its

and men are Section 16- Gender-Based head and all of them must
represented Sexual Harassment in the be qualified as a member.
workplace.
Designate a woman as its head
and not less than half of its
member should be women.
2. Challenge gender Article VII Any existing of all police

stereo types stations shall act on and
Final Provisions
attend to all complaints
Section 32- PNP Women and covered under this Act. They
Children Desks- The women shall coordinate with officers
and children now existing in on the street, security
all police stations shall act guards in privately-owned
on and attend to all spaces open to the publics
complaints covered under and anti-sexual harassment
this Act. They shall officers in government and
coordinate with ASHE private officers or schools in
officers on the street, the enforcement of the
security guards in privately- provision of this Act.
owned spaces open to the
publics and anti-sexual
harassment officers in
government and private
officers or schools in the
enforcement of the provision
of this Act.
3. Avoid exclusionary Section 38- Implementing rules The Commission of human rights
forms and regulation (IRR) (CHR), the DOH, the DOLE, the
DepEd, the CHED, the DICT, the
The Commission of human
rights (CHR), the DOH, the TESDA, the MMDA, the LTO and
DOLE, the DepEd, the CHED, any member in the
organizations on the issues of
the DICT, the TESDA, the
gender-based violence shall
34
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MMDA, the LTO and at least formulate the implementing

three (3) womens rules and regulations (IRR) of
organizations on the issues this Act.
of gender-based violence
shall formulate the
implementing rules and
regulations (IRR) of this Act.
4. Use equal forms of Section 28. Remedies and

Address Psychological Counselling- A
victim gender-based street,
public spaces or online sexual
harassment may avail of
appropriate remedies as
provided for under the law as
well as psychological counselling
services with the aid of the LG U
and the DSWD, in coordination
with the DOH and the PCW. Any
fees to be charged in the course
of a victim’s availment of such
remedies or psychological
counselling services shall be
borne by the perpetrator.
5. Create gender Sec. 26- Confidentiality- At any

Balance stage of the investigation,
prosecution and trial of an
offense under this Act, the
rights of the victim and the
accused who is a minor shall
be recognized.
6. Promote Gender Sec. 3

Equality through
Employee refers to a person,
titles, labels and who in exchange for
names remuneration, agrees to perform
specified services for another
person, whether natural or
juridical and whether private or
public, who exercises
fundamental control over the
work, regardless of the term or
duration of agreement:
Provided, that for the purposes
of this law, a person who is
detailed to an entity under a
subcontracting or secondment
agreement shall be considered
an employee;
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Employer refers to a person who

exercises control over an
employee: Provided, that for the
purpose of this Act, the status
or conditions of the latter’s
employment or engagement
shall be disregarded.
Emerging Conceptual Framework
UNDP Language
and
Communication
RA
9208
RA
9262
RA
RA
11313 36
7877
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SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter shows the discussion that describes the gathered information
of the researches are collected related in the knowledge of the researchers about
their topic. The purposed of this study is to highlights the findings of the result.
Summary of Findings
In this study, the researcher identified that the five (5) out of six (6)
selected gender laws in the Philippine is gender biased UNDP (United Nation
development Programme) language and communication.
1. Out of six (6) selected gender laws of the Philippines 5 (five) are
considered gender biased, using the tool of the 6 principles of UNDP
(United Nation development Programme) language and communication.
This are the following laws:
 RA 8353 (Anti-Rape Law)
 RA 9262 (Anti-Violence against Women and their Children Act
 RA 8505 (Rape Victim Assistance and Protection Act)
 RA 11313 (Safe Spaces Act)
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 RA 9208 (Anti-Trafficking on Persons Act)
2. Out of six (6) selected gender laws of the Philippines one (1) is considered
gender sensitive. Among the 6 principles in UNDP Language and
Communication one (1) law is sensitive.
 RA 7877 (Anti-sexual Harassment)
Conclusion:
1. We therefore conclude that five (5) out of six (6) selected gender
Philippine laws are biased.
2. The researcher conclude that in order for us to be gender sensitive we
should be more aware in using gender sensitive language.
3. We found out that there’s a biased between men and women in terms
of law through the use of insensitive language using the tool UNDP
therefore equality doesn’t exist in terms of gender laws.
4. Therefore, the researcher found out that the Government are not
aware in using gender sensitive language in making laws.
5. In fullness of this research the researchers are enlighten that most of
selected Philippine gender laws are biased.
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Recommendations:
Based on the study and analysis through the use of literature and UNDP
(United Nation Development Program) Language and Communication.
1. The Government should conduct seminars about gender sensitivity that will
help people to be sensitive in opposite sex.
2. Government should enacted a curriculum in College or Universities to give
further awareness on gender laws.
3. Improve projects about gender development in terms of training not just
for women but also men.
4. Commercials about gender law that both sexes will benefit not just women,
commercials that help people to be aware on how to be sensitive.
 The Government should revise the five (5) laws such as: RA 8353
(Anti-Rape Law); RA 9262 (Anti-Violence against Women and their
Children RA 8505 (Rape Victim Assistance and Protection Act);RA
11313 (Safe Spaces Act) into Gender sensitive with equal presented
of both sexes. RA 9208 (Anti-Trafficking on Persons Act)
5. The Government should be aware on making gender laws with
appropriate language in terms of gender language.
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Appendices A
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49
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50
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51
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52
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Appendices B
SAMPLE OF CASES
The table shows the different cases related to gender laws, majority of
this selected laws, most of the accused are men. This cases happened in real life
events and has the final verdict.
Laws Cases Remarks Date Final

verdict
RA 8353 Rogelio undressed himself, PEOPLE OF THE [G.R. GUILTY
ANTI-RAPE mounted AAA and forcibly inserted PHILIPPINES, Pl NO. beyond
LAW his penis into her vagina. Rogelio aintiff- 185380 : reasonab
then made a push and pull Appellee , v. RO June 18, le doubt
motion. As Rogelio was inserting GELIO. 2009 of
his penis, AAA cried as she felt so statutory
much pain rape.
Removed her pants and panty, PEOPLE OF THE G.R. No. GUILTY
and placed his body on top of her. PHILIPPINES, A 183453 : of
Appellant then allegedly inserted ppellee, March 9, qualified
his penis into AAAs vagina and vs. DANILO 2010 rape in
she felt pain. Criminal
Cases
RA 7877 Petitioner casually asked her if DR. RICO G.R. No. GUILTY
Anti-Sexual she already took her bath, and ., Petitioner , 140604 - of the
Harassment she said she was so in a hurry vs. PEOPLE OF March 6, crime of
that she did not find time for it. THE 2002 Sexual
Petitioner then inquired whether PHILIPPINES Harassm
she had varicose veins, and she ent
said "no." Petitioner told her to
raise her foot and lower her pants
so that he might confirm it. She
felt assured that it was all part of
the research. Petitioner still
pushed her pants down to her
knees and held her thigh. He put
his hands inside her panty until he
reached her pubic hair. Surprised,
she exclaimed " hala ka !" and
instinctively pulled her pants up.
Petitioner then touched her
abdomen with his right hand
saying words of endearment and
letting the back of his palm touch
her forehead. He told her to raise
her shirt to check whether she
had nodes or lumps. She hesitated
54
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
for a while but, eventually, raised

it up to her navel. Petitioner then
fondled her breast.
On the first working day in ATTY. SUSAN M. [G.R. EXONERATE

January, 2001, respondent phoned XXXXXX, Compla NO. D of the
complainant, asking if she could inant , vs. HON. 146779 - charges
see him in his chambers in order ERNESTO D. January against
to discuss some matters. When XXXX, Presiding 23, him.
complainant arrived there, Judge, Court of 2006]
respondent tried to kiss her but Tax
she was able to evade his sexual Appeals, Respon
attempt. She then resolved not to dent
enter his chambers alone.
Respondent then approached
complainant saying, "me gusto
akong gawin sa iyo kahapon pa."
Thereupon, he tried to "grab" her.
Complainant instinctively raised
her hands to protect herself but
respondent held her arms tightly,
pulled her towards him and kissed
her. She pushed him away, then
slumped on a chair trembling.
RA 9710 The Complaint for illegal dismissal CHRISTINE JOY G.R. No. Grant
Magna Carta before the National Labor XXXXX, Petitione 187417,
Of Women Relations Commission (NLRC). The r , v. BRENT February
Labor Arbiter (LA) found that HOSPITAL AND 24, 2016
while the indefinite suspension COLLEGES,
was indeed a constructive INC., Responde
dismissal, there was just cause for nt
Brent to terminate Christine Joy's
employment.
Code an interpretation which REPUBLIC OF G.R. No. Denied

capacitates and empowers the THE 221029,
Japanese husband the option to PHILIPPINES, Pe April 24,
divorce and how such choice has titioner , v. MAR 2018
effects in our country while, at the ELYN TANEDO
same time, disallowing the Filipina XXXXX, Respond
wife from being able to do the ent
same simply because she is a
Filipina.
RA 9208 AAA and other girls working PEOPLE OF THE G.R. No. GRANTED
ANTI- without permits PHILIPPINES, Plainti 210798,
TRAFFICKIN ff- September
G IN Appellee, v. BEVERL 14, 2016
PERSONS Y XXXXXXX @
ACT
BEBANG, Accused-
Appellant
There hire and/or recruit AAA, a PEOPLE OF THE G.R. No. Guilty
minor, 17 years old and BBB for PHILIPPINES, Plainti 211465, beyond
reasonable
55
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
the purpose of prostitution and ff- December doubt of

sexual exploitation, by acting as Appellee, v. SHIRLE 03, 2014 violating/
their procurer for different Y A. XXXX, Accused-
customers, for money, profit or
Appellant.
any other consideration.
RA 8505 Reventing violence against women ESUS C. G.R. No. DENIED

Rape-Victim and children through their XXXXXX, Petitioner, 179267,
Assistance availment of special legal v. THE HONORABLE June 25,
remedies, serves the RAY ALAN T. 2013
governmental objectives of DRILON, PRESIDING
protecting the dignity and human
JUDGE, REGIONAL
rights of every person, preserving
TRIAL COURT-
the sanctity of family life, and
promoting gender equality and BRANCH 41,
empowering women. BACOLOD CITY,
AND ROSALIE
JAYPE-XXXX, FOR
HERSELF IN BEHALF
OF MINOR
CHILDREN,
NAMELY: JO-ANN,
JOSEPH AND
EDUARD, JESSE
ANTHONE, ALL
SURNAMED
XXXXXXXX, Respond
ents.
Appellant who was already naked, PEOPLE OF THE G.R. Nos. Guilty of
and taking advantage of the PHILIPPINES, appell 152589 & ATTEMPTED
darkness and the sleepy condition ee, v. ANTONIO 152758 RAPE
of his daughter, moved over to XXXXXXX y : October
Maricar and removed her BUTONES, Appellan 24, 2003
10
clothes. He placed himself on
t.
top of her, both of them being
already undressed, kissed his
daughter and touched her breasts,
at the same time threatening to
kill her if she would shout or tell
anybody afterwards what he was
doing to her. He boxed her on the
stomach that sent her
unconscious; she did not know
what transpired after that..c r ä l ä w v i r t u a l i b r ä
RA 7192 Province of Bukidnon, Philippines PEOPLE OF THE [G.R. Nos. Guilty

Women and within the jurisdiction of this PHILIPPINES, Plainti 126094-95.
Development Honorable Court, the above- ff-Appellee, v. TITO January 21,
and Nation named accused, with intent to kill XXXXX y ABARA, Ac 1999]
Building Act by means of treachery and evident cused-Appellant.
premeditation, armed with a
bladed weapon, did then and
there wilfully, unlawfully and
56
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
criminally attack, assault and stab

RICKY RENEGADO, hitting and
inflicting upon his person the
following wounds, to wit:
- Multiple Stab wounds
which caused the instantaneous
death of RICKY RENEGADO, to the
damage and prejudice of the legal
heirs of RICKY RENEGADO in such
amount as may be allowed by law.
The provision is a corrective REPUBLIC OF THE G.R. No. DENIED.

measure to address an anomaly PHILIPPINES, Petitio 221029,
where the Filipino spouse is tied ner, v. MARELYN April 24,
to the marriage while the foreign TANEDO 2018
spouse is free to marry under the XXXXXX, Responden
laws of his or her
t.
country.42 Whether the Filipino
spouse initiated the foreign
divorce proceeding or not, a
favorable decree dissolving the
marriage bond and capacitating
his or her alien spouse to remarry
will have the same result: the
Filipino spouse will effectively be
without a husband or wife. A
Filipino who initiated a foreign
divorce proceeding is in the same
place and in "like circumstance as
a Filipino who is at the receiving
end of an alien initiated
proceeding. Therefore, the subject
provision should not make a
distinction.
RA 9262 AAA had a romantic relationship CELSO M.F.L. G.R. No. GUILTY
Anti-Violence with Melgar, which resulted in the XXXXXXXX, Petition 223477,
Against birth of BBB, an illegitimate child. er, v. PEOPLE OF February 14,
Women and Melgar freely acknowledged the THE 2018
their paternity of BBB as evidenced by PHILIPPINES, Respo
Children the latter's Certificate of Live
ndent
Birth, as well as numerous
photographs showing Melgar with
BBB. However, AAA's relationship
with Melgar turned sour as the
latter had an affair with a younger
woman. When BBB was just about
one (1) year old, Melgar stopped
giving support, prompting AAA to
file a case for support, which was
eventually granted. This
notwithstanding, Melgar still
57
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
refused to give support for her

and BBB. As such, AAA was
constrained to file the instant
criminal case against Melgar.
AAA were in an ongoing five-year RICKY G.R. No. DENIED

relationship and they had two XXXXX, Petitioner, v 199522,
common children (then aged four . PEOPLE OF THE June 22,
and two years old). Dinamling PHILIPPINES, Respo 2015
and his friend arrived as AAA was ndent.
putting the two children to
bed. Suddenly, Dinamling started
to evict AAA and the children,
ordering AAA to pack her things in
a trash bag and a carton box for
ducklings. His reason for the
eviction was that she was
allegedly using the place as a
“whore house” wherein she
“brought (her) partners.” AAA
initially did not want to leave as
she could not carry the children
and their things, but she left when
Dinamling threw a baby's feeding
bottle outside the house, causing
it to break. She then went to the
house of BBB and requested the
latter to fetch her children. When
BBB and another friend went for
the children, Dinamling already
had left with the older child and
only the baby was left. The baby
was brought by the friends back
to AAA. In the past, there were
similar incidents that happened
between Dinamling and AAA. 4
58
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
CURRICULUM
VITAE
59
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Alfred Fronda Alvez

#01 9th Street New Kababae, Olongapo City
+63915-333-9383
alfredalvez@yahoo.com
PERSONAL DATA:
Date of Birth : January 26, 1995

Place of Birth : Palauig, Zambales
Age : 24
Gender : Male
Civil Status : Single
Height : 5’6
Weight : 60 kg
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Jehova Witness
Language or Dialect: Filipino and English
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
2019-present Bachelor of Elementary Education-Generalist

Gordon College
Olongapo City Sports Complex Donor Street,
Secondary
Alternative Learning System
Masinloc, Zambales
Elementary
Panglit Elementary School
60
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Masinloc, Zambales
SEMINARS-TRAINING ATTEND:
March 27, 2016: Drug Symposium
Venue: Gordon College, Olongapo City
November 26, 2016: Disaster Awareness and Preparedness
Venue: Gordon College-Amphitheater
August 30, 2018 : 1st Student Research Forum

Organized by Gordon College/PAFTE Region III
Venue: Gordon College- Function Hall, Olongapo City
February 13, 2019: Kindling Commitment to the Teaching

Profession
Venue: Bulacan State University, City of Malolos,
Bulacan, Philippines
SKILLS:
Playing Volleyball, Cooking and Singing
61
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Mary Lin Sangalang Peñaflor

#536 Purok 3, Saguing Dinalupihan Bataan
+63-906-372-4781
marylinpenaflor122@gmail.com
PERSONAL DATA:
Date of Birth : September 08, 1998

Place of Birth : Dinalupihan, Bataan
Age : 20
Gender : Female
Height : 151
Weight : 82 kg
Religion : Roman Catholic
Language or Dialect : Filipino and English
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

Gordon College
2011-2015 Secondary
Saint John Academy
Dinalupiha, Bataan
2004-2010 Elementary
Saguing Elementary School
Saguing Dinalupihan Bataan
62
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Venue: Gordon College,Olongapo City


Profession
SKILLS:
Dancing and Singing
63
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Chessa Dale Narval Urbina
#49B Pinagpala St. Prk 4 New Cabalan Olongapo

City
+63-907-097-5538
dalenarval@gmail.com
PERSONAL DATA:
Date of Birth : November 26, 1998

Place of Birth : Olongapo City
Age : 20
Gender : Female
Height : 5’4”
Weight : 54.4kg
Religion : Roman Catholic
Language or Dialect : Filipino and English

Gordon College
2010-2014 Secondary
New Cabalan National High School
New Cabalan Olongapo City.
Boton Elementary School
Pinagpala St. New Cabalan Olongapo City
64
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE


Profession
SKILLS:
Cooking and Writing a story
65
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Phobie Jane Acera Tinoy
#70 Ibarra 18th East Bajac- bajac Olongapo City

+63-938-800-1659
tinoyphobiejane@gmail.com
PERSONAL DATA:
Date of Birth : January 26, 1999

Place of Birth : Pagahan Initao Misamis Oriental
Age : 20
Gender : Female
Height : 5’6”
Weight : 55kg
Religion : Born Again Christian
Language or Dialect : Filipino, English and Bisaya

Gordon College
2010-2014 Secondary
Apas National Highschool
Cebu, City
Pagahan Elementary School
Misamis Oriental
66
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE


Profession
SKILLS:
Cooking, Singing and Dancing
67
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
BIBLIOGRAPHY
68
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
69

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GENDER SENSITIVITY OF SELECTED PHILIPPINE LAWS USING

UNDP GENDER EQUALITY SEAL INITIATIVE

In Partial Fulfillment of the

This Research entitled “GENDER SENSITIVITY OF SELECTED

PHILIPPINE LAWS USING UNDP GENDER EQUALITY SEAL INITIATIVE”

prepared and submitted by Alfred F. Alvez, Chessa Dale N. Urbina, Phobie

Jane A. Tinoy and Mary Lin S. Peñaflor in partial fulfillment of the

requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Elementary Education-

for ORAL EXAMINATION.

Ediric D. Gadia, LPT, PhD

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the

October, 2019 Ediric D. Gadia, LPT, PhD

Title : GENDER SENSITIVITY OF SELECTED PHILIPPINE

LAWS USING UNDP GENDER EQUALITY SEAL

Researcher /s : Alvez, Alfred F.

Adviser : Ediric D. Gadia, LPT, PhD

School : Gordon College- College of Education, Arts and

Degree : Bachelor of Elementary Education- Generalist

Date of Completion : October 2019

Gender sensitivity can be seen as the level of awareness, appreciation of

recognize, appreciate or respond appropriately to issues on gender lines. It would

Gender sensitivity design to open communication between the sexes to

on women empowerment that can lead into gender equality.

information using UNDP (United Nation Development Programme) tool Language

Keywords: Gender Sensitivity, Gender biased, Gender laws, UNDP

and to make this study possible.

knowledge in order to make this research a reality.

patience, motivation, enthusiasm and immense knowledge. Her guidance helps us

having a better advisor and mentor for our research study.

To the researcher’s loving parents, for their moral encouragement, financial

This study is wholeheartedly dedicated to our beloved parents, who have

TABLE OF CONTENTS vii

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Statement of the Problem 4

Scope and Delimitation of the Study 4

Significance of the Study 5

Locale of the Study 9

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

sensitivity is a concept to develop equality and to remove barriers of both sexes

into personal and economic development created by government.

Gender sensitivity design to open communication between the sexes to

points out the importance for development of addressing the specific

restrictions are perhaps more of a self-imposed nature they should be paid

attention to and targeted by policy measures. There may be little hope of

proceeds to review the literature on gender equality mostly focusing on women, it

and female behavior are biologically or genetically determined, recent research

neutral. Gender Sensitivity is commonly understood as being mindful of gender

differences or ‘doing no harm’ (Aguilar 2016).

Gender sensitivity is considered as the starting point for gender awareness.

controlling resources and services - are dependent on acquired behaviors

In the view of Simul (2009), gender sensitivity is the difference between

control over resources and participating in leadership and decision-making. In view

of the above definitions, gender sensitivity helps in creating awareness and

and their relationship between them.

According to Chambers Encyclopedia of English Dictionary, gender is seen

as the condition of being male or female. A widely accepted definition of gender

is that of UNESCO, which defines gender as socially determined characteristics of

men and women (A niche, 1998).

The UNDP Gender Equality Seal is a corporate certification process that

recognizes good performance of UNDP Country Offices, Regional Service Centre’s

and Headquarters Units and other Units in delivering transformational gender