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Inch Millimetres
The metric system is the main system of measurement units used in science.
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Each unit is considered to be dimensionally independent of the others.
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These dimensions are measurements of length, mass, time, electric current,
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temperature, amount of a substance, and luminous intensity. Here are
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definitions of the seven base units:
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6 152.400 Length: Meter (m) The meter is the metric unit of length. It's defined as the
7 177.800 length of the path light travels in a vacuum during 1/299,792,458 of a
8 203.200 second.
9 228.600 Mass: Kilogram (kg) The kilogram is the metric unit of mass. It's the mass of
10 254.000 the international prototype of the kilogram: a standard platinum/iridium 1
11 279.400 kg mass housed near Paris at the International Bureau of Weights and
12 304.800 Measures (BIPM).
36 914.400 Time: Second (s) The basic unit of time is the second. The second is defined
1/2 12.7000 as the duration of 9,192,631,770 oscillations of radiation corresponding to
1/4 6.3500 the transition between the two hyperfine levels of cesium‐133.
3 ⁄ 4 19.0500 Electric current: Ampere (A) The basic unit of electric current is the ampere.
The ampere is defined as the constant current that, if maintained in two
1 ⁄ 8 3.1750 infinitely long straight parallel conductors with a negligible circular cross‐
3 ⁄ 8 9.5250 section and placed 1 m apart in a vacuum, would produce a force between
5 ⁄ 8 15.8750 the conductors equal to 2 x 10‐7 newtons per meter of length.
7 ⁄ 8 22.2250 Temperature: Kelvin (K) The Kelvin is the unit of thermodynamic
temperature. It is the fraction 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature
1 ⁄ 16 1.58750 of the triple point of water. The Kelvin scale is an absolute scale, so there is
3 ⁄ 16 4.76250 no degree.
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Amount of a Substance: Mole (mol) The mole is defined as the amount of a
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substance that contains as many entities as there are atoms in 0.012
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kilograms of carbon‐12. When the mole unit is used, the entities must be
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specified. For example, the entities may be atoms, molecules, ions,
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electrons, cows, houses, or anything else.
15 ⁄ 16 23.81250
Luminous Intensity: candela (cd) The unit of luminous intensity, or light, is
1 ⁄ 32 0.79375 the candela. The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a
3 ⁄ 32 2.38125 source emitting monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 x 1012 hertz
5 ⁄ 32 3.96875 with radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian.
7 ⁄ 32 5.55625 These definitions are actually methods to realize the unit. Each realization
9 ⁄ 32 7.14375 was created with a unique, sound theoretical base to generate reproducible
11 ⁄ 32 8.73125 and accurate results. Other Important Metric Units‐ In addition to the seven
13 ⁄ 32 10.31875 base units, other metric units are commonly used:
15 ⁄ 32 11.90625 Liter (L) While the metric unit of volume is the cubic meter, m3, the most
17 ⁄ 32 13.49375 commonly used unit is the liter. A liter is equal in volume to one cubic
19 ⁄ 32 15.08125 decimeter, dm 3, which is a cube that is 0.1 m on each side.
21 ⁄ 32 16.66875 Angstrom (Å) One angstrom equals 10‐8 cm or 10‐10 m. Named for Anders
23 ⁄ 32 18.25625 Jonas Ångstrom, the unit is used to measure the chemical bond length and
25 ⁄ 32 19.84375 electromagnetic radiation wavelength.
27 ⁄ 32 21.43125 Cubic centimeter (cm3) A cubic centimeter is a common unit used to
29 ⁄ 32 23.01875 measure solid volume. The corresponding unit for liquid volume is the
31 ⁄ 32 24.60625 milliliter (mL), which is equal to one cubic centimeter