Block 2 Test

SCIENCE

Name:____________________________________________ Date:_______/ Dec / 2020

Grade: 9no Básica Superior Parallel:

Points: ____________/42 Grade:_______ /10 Time allotted: 60 minutes

Teacher: JOHN OSBORNE

Instructions and materials

● Avoid looking at or speaking to others.

● All attempts at academic dishonesty will be dealt with according to LOEI.
● Please read and follow the instructions for each section CAREFULLY.
● Read all questions and begin by answering the questions that are more familiar
to you and then come back to the questions that you need more time with.
● For this assessment you will need the following materials:
○ black or blue pen
○ pencil

● GOOD LUCK! :)

1. The diagram below shows the CELL CYCLE, which passes through 4 Phases, shown
only by the letters A, B, C & D.

1.1 Use their correct names to identify the first 3 Phases of the cell cycle

A ......................................................................................................................................................

B ......................................................................................................................................................

C ......................................................................................................................................................
[3 points]
1.2 Phases A, B & C are together known as E. Identify the correct name for letter E

E .......................................................................................................................................................
[1 point]

1.3 After Phase C of the Cell Cycle, a cell may divide. The processes necessary for cell
division are given the letter D on the diagram. Identify the correct name for D.

D ......................................................................................................................................................
[1 point]

1.4 What is the difference between the DNA at the beginning and at the end of Phase B'

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[1 point]

1.5 A cancerous tumour might result from the failure of the 3 check points in the cell cycle.
On the drawing of the cell cycle on the previous page, at the start of this Question 1, mark 3
large X’s, one for where each of the three check points occurs.
[2 points]

2. Which of the following is correct? Draw a circle around the letter for the answer

A. A typical animal cell could be about 30 µm in diameter which is 1/10 mm x 30

B. A typical animal cell could be about 80 µm in diameter which is 1/100 mm x 80

C. A typical plant cell could be about 80 µm in diameter which is 1/1000 mm x 80

D. A typical plant cell could be about 30 µm in diameter which is 1/10000 mm x 30

[1 point]
3. In the drawing below are 3 cubes, with sides of 1 metre, 2 metres and 3 metres, as shown.

Cube 3
Cube 2
Cube 1

3.1 Complete the table below to show the total surface areas and volumes of each cube,
and the surface area : volume ratio. Also indicate in the appropriate boxes, what are the units
of measurement.
Surface area :
Total Surface area Volume
Volume ratio
Units: Units:

Cube 1

Cube 2

Cube 3
[6 points]

3.2 Use the data which you have written into the last column of the table above, to describe
how the surface area : volume ratio changes, as the cubes get bigger.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 point]

3.3 The change in surface area : volume ratio, which you have described above, means that
there are almost no known cells which are larger than about 100µm. Describe one difficulty
which cells larger than 100µm might have.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 point]
4. The diagram below shows a simplified picture of a small piece of DNA.

2
3
1

4.1 The 3 principal components of DNA are:

 Nitrogen bases
 Phosphate group
 Deoxyribose sugar

The components are labelled in the diagram by boxes 1, 2 & 3. State the name of each
component, by selecting the correct name from the list above.

Box 1 ...............................................................................................................................................

Box 2 ...............................................................................................................................................

Box 3 ...............................................................................................................................................
[2 points]

4.2 The boxes with numbers 4 and 5 written in the diagram of DNA, should have letters
written in them, not numbers. What are the correct letters to write into Boxes 4 and 5?
(Bonus point if you name both the chemicals in boxes 4 & 5.)

Box 4 ...............................................................................................................................................

Box 5 ...............................................................................................................................................
[2 points + 1]
4.3 The structure of DNA is described as an "ANTI-PARALLEL DOUBLE HELIX".
What does "anti-parallel" mean when describing DNA?

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[2 points]

5. Study the three drawings below of plant cells A, B & C, each of which is experiencing
different conditions in the water surrounding them.

CELL A CELL B CELL C

5.1 Which cell is in ISOTONIC conditions? …………………………………………………

[1 point]

5.2 Which cell is showing PLASMOLYSIS? ………………………………………………

[1 point]

5.3 Why does not Cell C burst? ………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 point]

5.4 A process known as OSMOSIS is responsible for what is happening in these cells. The
organelle which causes osmosis is not labelled. Label and name on just one of the diagrams,
the organelle in the cell which causes osmosis to happen.
[1 point]
6. The table below describes various organelles and structures which are found inside
cells. The organelles or structures are given a name, a description, a function and an
indication as to whether they are found in plant or animal cells or both. Several spaces
in the table are blank.

Complete the blank spaces 1 - 12.

Organelle or Structure Description Function Animal, Plant

or Both
Rigid, tough, made of
Protects and
1. cellulose. Plant
supports the cell.
Non living material.

CELL MEMBRANE A bi-layer of fats and

2. Both
proteins. Jelly-like.
Contains and
supports organelles
3. Jelly like substance that
inside the cell. Both
contains organelles.
Site of many of the
cell's reactions.

NUCLEUS Dense, ball shaped

4. Both
structure, contains DNA
Clear, tubular system of
ENDOPLASMIC tunnels throughout the cell.
RETICULUM 5. Both
RER has ribosomes;
SER no ribosomes.
Distribution of fats
6. Mass of flattened discs and
and proteins made Both
tubes.
in the ER
Small structure made of
RIBOSOME RNA. Found in cytoplasm Site of protein
7.
or on the rough synthesis
endoplasmic reticulum.
Little sacs found in the
MITOCHONDRIA cytoplasm, surrounded by
8. Both
two membranes, the inner
of which is highly folded.
Microfilaments and
CYTOSKELETON microtubules running
9. Both
through the cytoplasm,
beneath the cell membrane.
Little sacs, surrounded by
CHLOROPLASTS double membranes, 10. Plant
containing chlorophyll.
CENTRAL Large, fluid filled space,
VACUOLE occupying most of the 11. 12.
space of a cell.

[6 points]
7. GRAPH
Scientists are now able to count the number of chromosomes in the nucleus of different
organisms, as well as the total number of genes present on those chromosomes. Some
results are shown in the table below.

Number of Number of
Organism
genes chromosomes
E. coli bacteria 4,400 1
Yeast fungus 6,300 16
Nematode worm 20,100 12
Mustard plant 27,000 36
Fruit fly 13,700 8
Rice 42,000 24
Mouse 22,000 40
Giant panda 21,000 42
Human 24,000 46

7.1 Use the graph grid on the next page to make a graph which compares the
number of genes and number of chromosomes of the organisms in the table
above.

This sort of graph is called a scattergram.

The ‘Y’ axis shows the number of genes and uses a scale from 0 to 50,000.

The ‘X’ axis shows the number of chromosomes and uses a scale from 0 to 50.

The result for humans has been plotted for you.

Write similar X’s and the names of the other organisms.

 [5 points]
Use the results table and the graph to answer the following questions:
7.2 Which organism has the greatest number of chromosomes?

……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 point]

7.3 Which organism has the greatest number of genes?

……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 point]

7.4 i) Does the graph suggest that there is any relationship between the number of
genes and the number of chromosomes of the different organisms? Yes or No?

……………………………………………………………………………………

ii) Draw a line of best-fit on the graph to justify your answer, Yes or No.

……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………
[2 points]