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CHAPTER 4 –
–
Employee parking
Locker rooms
leave their home until they return.
We must provide adequate
methods of getting to and from
– Rest rooms w ork
– Food services Employees should earn their
parking locations; all spaces
– Drinking f ountains should be assigned to specific
– Health services individuals
Personnel Requirements Employees spend 1/3 of their life
w ithin our facility; w e must help
• Can be among the most difficult them enjoy w orking here
to plan because of many Personnel considerations are of
philosophies relating to little importance in our facility. We
personnel. However, none of pay people to w ork, not to have a
good time
them are universally accepted
2007/08 Izman@fkm.utm.my
Employee-facility interface
• Interface between employee’s if public transportation is
work and non-work activities available ,1 parking space for 3
includes parking space and employees
personal belonging storage For handicapped, 2-5 parking
spaces per 100 employees SW – parking width
W – type of module
• Employee parking. Need to width
determine: Parking size depends on type of
– No of cars to be parked car and amount of clearance,
– Space required for each car expressed as stall width x stall
– Available space for parking depth
– Alternative parking layouts Type of cars – small, standard &
– The best parking layout large cars. Refer Table 4.1 for
parking size in each category
• Things to consider:
If no public transportation, 1 Total area required depends on
parking space for every 1.25 parking size, angle and aisle
employees width
2007/08 Izman@fkm.utm.my 2007/08 Izman@fkm.utm.my
Employee-facility interface
Employee-facility interface
Typical parking options
Solution:
Example 4.1
No of employees = 200 No of parking space req = 200/2 = 100
Survey results
Small cars = 0.4 x 100 = 40 say 30
1 Parking Space/2 employees
since not all drivers park in allocated
walkway 40% - small cars area
5% - handicapped Handicap slot = 5% x 100 = 5
Standard car = 100 – 35 = 65
Available parking lot = 180 x 200 ft
Important notes: - all plant entrances & exits must deep
be planned to meet OSHA Ref er to Table 4.1, module option W3:
- location of parking entrances (Occupational Safety and Health Stall width used = 8’6” for std cars
& exits should not far from the SW Act) Assume no wall & no walking Compact car (8’0”) module with
plant f acility. Worker should PW θ - Notice terms used – single/double 900, W3 57’2”
θ edge, SW of 8’6” for std cars
not walk more than 500f t to loaded, wall to wall, walking Standard car (8’6”)
enter the f acility Determine the best parking layout 900, W3 66’0”
passage
1
Employee-facility interface Employee-facility interface
• Step 1 – check the depth of the lot Step 1: Checking depth, 200ft Step 3: No of cars in each
(200ft) compact 2 module of standard cars + 1 category
• Step 2 – check the width of the lot 57’2”
module of compact car Compact cars = 44
aisle
(180ft) = 2(66) + 1(57’2”) = 189’2” Standard cars = 84
compact
• Step 3 – check the potential no of Since 189’2’ < 200, depth is OK Total = 128 > 100 cars
Standard W3 module conf iguration is
cars in each category
• Step 4 – modify layout for 15 ft aisle 66’ 200 ft Step 2: Checking width, 180ft SW f easible!
handicap requirements & Standard No of compact car/row = 180/8 Step 4: Modify layout
circulation = 22.5 ≅ 22 cars Handicap car requirement
Standard
• General layout configuration 2 rows of compact car = 2x22 Parking size = 12’wx20’d
aisle
shown on the right is one of the 66’ = 44 cars Standard car requirement
alternatives for the parking layout No of standard car/row = 180/8.5 Parking size = 8.6’wx20’d
Standard + handicap
≅ 21 Compact car requirement
180 ft 4 rows of std car = 4x21 = 84 cars Parking size = 8’wx17’d
width
2007/08 Izman@fkm.utm.my 2007/08 Izman@fkm.utm.my
Employee-facility interface
15’
θ
y PW
2007/08 Izman@fkm.utm.my 2007/08 Izman@fkm.utm.my
Module depth
First, determine how many modules the depth of the parking lot can • Location of storage –
hold: between employee entrance
and work area
(370’/66’) = 5.606 modules (round down to 5.5, because each module
has two rows in it.). • Purpose – to store lunch,
briefcase, purse
Next, determine the number of cars that can be parked per module:
(400’/8’6”) = 47 cars/row * 2 rows/module = 94 cars/module
• Coat rack – provided for
non-toxic work environment
Finally, multiply the number of cars/module by the number of modules • Locker room with shower &
in the parking lot:
94 cars/module * 5.5 modules/parking lot = 517 cars/parking lot
toilet facilities – especially
for toxic work environment
Note: If a 9’ standard car width is used, then 484 cars can be parked in • Area – 6ft2 per employee
the lot. If a 9’6” standard car width is used, then 462 cars can be parked
in the parking lot.
2
Restrooms
• Location – within 200ft of
every permanent workstation
• Decentralize restrooms more
preferable than centralize
• Made available for handicap
• No of toilets based on no of
employees working within a
facility (see table 4.2)
• Space planning purposes –
12.5 to 15ft2 for each toilet
• Urinal & sink areas - 6ft2
• Sufficient aisles should be Toilet: 2.5’x5’
provided: 3’- 6’ depending on
clearance between two rows Shower stall: 3’x5’
• Interior of rest room must not Distance bet sinks: 2’ min
visible from outside when
door is open Approx floor area f or toilet: 140 –190f t2
Food services
• Becomes a necessity for a • Problems with 1st alternative
firm to avoid excessive loss – Break time must be longer
time and toxic food – Loss supervision on the
• Planning based on no of employee – not return to
employees during peak work, horseplay, return late
activity time etc
– Loss worker interaction
• Kitchen facilities depend on
the total no of meals to be – Loss worker concentration
served – Outside f acilities may not
suf ficient to cater all
• Options available: employees
1. Dining away f rom the
• Most companies adopt
f acility
combination of the next three
2. Vending machines & options
caf eteria
3. Serving line & kitchen • Space requirements as
shown in Fig 4.7, 4.8, Table
4. Full kitchen & caf eteria
4.4 & 4.5
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Food services
3
Health services Barrier-Free Compliance
• Typical types of health
services provided: • To ensure similar facilities are • Facilities planners should know
– Pre-employment provided to disabled persons how to assign space
examinations • All barriers that would impede requirements for handicapped
– First aid treatment the use of facilities must be person
– Major medical treatment removed
– Dental care • Fig 4.10 shows typical
• Some examples:
– Treatment of illnesses clearances for wheel chair and
– Wide door to accommodate wheel
chair reach zone requirements for
– Stairs with ramp access to any handicapped person
• Most industries have at least
facility
a small first aid room
– Proper signage
• Area required: min100ft2 • These size will dictate the
– Handle & rails in toilet
placement of telephone, towel
• Expand the area to 250ft2 if Location of health services – Special letters/codes printed on lift
button for blind peoples racks, trash, cup disposers,
employ One nurse, two beds - Adjacent to first aid room, in switches, door latch, etc.
• Waiting room: 25-75ft2 quiet area, close to the most
• Additional nurse: add 250ft2 hazardous activities
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Anthropometric Anthropometric
data for normal and data consists of
disabled people static and dynamic
must be obtained dimensions of
to facilitate in human body at
designing facilities various positions